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PARQUES E MONUMENTOS DE SINTRA PARKS AND MONUMENTS OF SINTRA PSML | EMIGUS PARQUES E MONUMENTOS DE SINTRA PARKS AND MONUMENTS OF SINTRA Palácio de Monserrate - Átrio principal Palace of Monserrate - Main hall ÍNDICE | INDEX Sobre | About 05 Parques de Sintra - Monte da Lua, S.A. Parque e Palácio Nacional da Pena Palácio Nacional de Sintra Parque e Palácio de Monserrate Convento dos Capuchos 10 Park and National Palace of Pena 32 National Palace of Sintra 50 Park and Palace of Monserrate 68 Convent of the Capuchos Chalet e Jardim da Condessa d’Edla Palácio Nacional de Queluz Quintinha de Monserrate Vila Sassetti 20 Chalet and Garden of the Countess of Edla 38 National Palace of Queluz 56 Farmyard of Monserrate 74 Villa Sassetti Abegoaria da Quinta da Pena Escola Portuguesa de Arte Equestre Castelo dos Mouros Prémios 26 The Stables at Pena Farm 46 Portuguese School of Equestrian Art 62 Moorish Castle 80 Awards Serviços e atividades 84 Services and activities Acessos e transportes 100 Access and transports Mapa da Paisagem Cultural de Sintra 102 Plan of the Cultural Landscape of Sintra Ficha técnica 108 Credits Parques e Monumentos de Sintra Parks and Monuments of Sintra 5 PSML | EMIGUS SOBRE | ABOUT Parques de Sintra - Monte da Lua, S.A. Sintra foi o primeiro sítio Europeu inscrito pela Sintra was the first European site listed by UNESCO como Paisagem Cultural. A Paisagem UNESCO as a Cultural Landscape. The Cultural Cultural de Sintra apresenta cerca de 960 Landscape of Sintra encompasses around 960 hectares e está integrada no Parque Natural hectares and forms part of the Sintra-Cascais de Sintra-Cascais. Natural Park. Localizada numa serra granítica, a menos de meia Located on granite hills less than an hour hora de Lisboa, possui um microclima único, razão from Lisbon, its unique microclimate has, since por que, desde a ocupação muçulmana, Sintra foi the times of the Muslim occupation, made it procurada para veraneio por reis e aristocratas que a favourite summer resort of kings and construíram palácios e plantaram jardins aristocrats, who built palaces and planted e florestas de valor incalculável. gardens and forests of immeasurable value. No seguimento da classificação da Paisagem Following the classification of the Cultural Cultural de Sintra como Património Mundial foi Landscape of Sintra as a World Heritage Site, criada, em 2000, a Parques de Sintra – Monte in 2000 the public company Parques de Sintra da Lua S.A. (PSML), uma empresa de capitais – Monte da Lua S.A. (PSML), was set up. It was exclusivamente públicos. A sua criação teve created in order to bring together the institutions como objetivo reunir as instituições com responsible for the protection and promotion of Parque de Monserrate Park of Monserrate responsabilidade na salvaguarda e valorização this landscape and the Portuguese Government PSML | Wilson Pereira Parque da Pena - vista da Cruz Alta Park of Pena - view from the High Cross dessa Paisagem, tendo o Estado Português entrusted PSML with the management e, também, a Vila Sassetti. Desde setembro Sassetti. Since September 2012 it has also been entregado a esta sociedade a gestão das suas of its principal properties within the zone. de 2012 é também responsável pelos Palácios responsible for the National Palaces of Sintra and principais propriedades na zona. São acionistas Shareholders in the company are the Institute Nacionais de Sintra e de Queluz e pela Escola Queluz, as well as the Portuguese School da PSML o Instituto da Conservação da Natureza for the Conservation of Nature and Forestry, the Portuguesa de Arte Equestre, sediada em Queluz. of Equestrian Art, based in Queluz, which e das Florestas, a Direção-Geral do Tesouro General Directorate of Treasury and Finance, the Esta última atua em Belém, no Picadeiro performs in the Henrique Calado Riding Ring, e Finanças, o Turismo de Portugal e a Câmara Portuguese Tourism Board and the Town Council Henrique Calado, que a PSML recuperou para in Belém, which PSML restored for this specific Municipal de Sintra. of Sintra. o efeito. purpose. A PSML gere cerca de 45% da área Património PSML manages around 45% of the World Estes monumentos e elementos arquitetónicos These monuments and architectural structures Mundial, que inclui os Parques da Pena e de Heritage area, including the Parks of Pena and constituem um dos mais excecionais centros comprise one of the most outstanding historic Monserrate, dois dos mais importantes parques Monserrate, two of the most important botanical históricos de arquitetura e paisagem na Europa. centres of architecture and landscape in Europe. botânicos de Portugal, e edifícios notáveis parks in Portugal, and notable buildings such as Em 2016, os valores naturais e culturais que a In 2015, the natural and cultural attractions como os Palácios da Pena e de Monserrate, the Palaces of Pena and Monserrate, the Moorish PSML gere receberam mais de dois milhões e protected and promoted by PSML received over o Castelo dos Mouros, o Convento dos Castle, the Convent of the Capuchos, the Chalet meio de visitas, mais de 80% das quais por parte two and a half million visits, over 80% of which Capuchos, o Chalet e Jardim da Condessa d’Edla and Garden of the Countess of Edla and Villa de estrangeiros. were from other countries. PSML | Wilson Pereira SINTRA FOI O PRIMEIRO SÍTIO EUROPEU INSCRITO PELA UNESCO COMO PAISAGEM CULTURAL, EM 1995 SINTRA WAS THE FIRST EUROPEAN SITE LISTED BY UNESCO AS A CULTURAL LANDSCAPE, IN 1995 Castelo dos Mouros e Centro Histórico de Sintra Moorish Castle and the Historic Centre of Sintra Parque e Palácio Nacional da Pena Park and National Palace of Pena 11 PSML | Wilson Pereira PARQUE E PALÁCIO NACIONAL DA PENA PARK AND NATIONAL PALACE OF PENA Implantados no topo da serra e fruto do génio Established on top of the hill as a result of the criativo de Fernando de Saxe-Coburgo e Gotha, creative genius of Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg rei-consorte de D. Maria II, o Parque e o Palácio and Gotha, king consort of Queen Maria II, the da Pena são o expoente máximo, em Portugal, Park and Palace of Pena are Portugal’s greatest do Romantismo do séc. XIX, e o mais importante example of nineteenth-century Romanticism polo da Paisagem Cultural de Sintra - Património and the most important element in the Cultural Mundial. Landscape of Sintra - World Heritage Site. Construído a partir de 1839 em torno das ruínas The construction of the Palace began in 1839 de um antigo mosteiro jerónimo erigido no around the ruins of an old hieronymite monastery século XVI por D. Manuel I, e que D. Fernando II erected in the sixteenth century by King Manuel I adquiriu, o palácio incorpora referências and acquired by Ferdinand II. It incorporates arquitetónicas de influência manuelina architectural references of Manueline and e mourisca que produzem um surpreendente Moorish influence which give rise to a surprising cenário “das mil e uma noites”. Em torno “One Thousand and One Nights” effect. Around do palácio, o rei plantou, com espécies vindas the Palace, using species from all over the world, de todo o mundo, o Parque da Pena (85 hectares) the king planted the Park of Pena (85 hectares), Parque e Palácio Nacional da Pena que é o mais importante arboreto existente which is the most important arboretum in Park and National Palace of Pena em Portugal. Portugal today. Parque e Palácio Nacional da Pena Park and National Palace of Pena 13 PSML | EMIGUS Depois de visitar a Pena, o compositor Richard After visiting Pena, the composer Richard Strauss Strauss escreveu: “Hoje é o dia mais feliz da minha wrote: “Today is the happiest day of my life. It’s vida. Conheço a Itália, a Grécia e o Egito e nunca the most beautiful thing I’ve seen. This is the true vi nada que valha a Pena. É a coisa mais bela que Garden of Klingsor – and there, up on high, is the tenho visto. Este é o verdadeiro jardim de Klingsor Castle of the Holy Grail.” – e, lá no alto, está o castelo do Santo Graal.” The sixteenth-century monastery acquired by O mosteiro quinhentista adquirido por D. Fernando II Ferdinand II held a great fascination for the king, exerceu sobre o rei um enorme fascínio, radicado a result of his Germanic education and the na sua educação germânica e no imaginário romantic imagination of the period, which romântico da época que a serra, e a valorização were captivated by the hill and the aesthetic estética das ruínas, atraíam. O projeto inicial era, enhancement of the ruins. The initial project was apenas, a recuperação do edifício para residência merely to restore the building to serve as de verão da família real, mas o seu entusiasmo a summer residence for the royal family, but his levou-o a decidir-se pela construção de um palácio, enthusiasm led him to decide to build a Palace prolongando o mosteiro. to extend the monastery. PSML | EMIGUS Palácio Nacional da Pena - Pátio dos Arcos Palácio Nacional da Pena - Claustro National Palace of Pena - Courtyard of Arches National National Palace of Pena - Cloister PSML | EMIGUS PSML | Angelo Hornak Palácio Nacional da Pena - Salão Nobre Palácio Nacional da Pena - Capela National Palace of Pena - Great Hall National Palace of Pena - Chapel Parque e Palácio Nacional da Pena Park and National Palace of Pena 17 PSML | EMIGUS PSML | EMIGUS Parque da Pena - Tuia gigante Parque da Pena - Templo das Colunas Park of Pena - Western red cedar Park of Pena - Temple of Columns No parque, traduzindo a expressão da estética In the park, the expression of the romantic romântica e aliando a busca do exotismo aesthetic combined with the search for exoticism à impetuosidade da natureza, o rei desenhou in the impetuosity of nature led the king to design O PARQUE DA PENA É O MAIS caminhos sinuosos que conduzem o visitante winding paths that lead the visitor to discover IMPORTANTE ARBORETO à descoberta de locais de referência ou de onde se places of note or outstanding viewpoints: the High desfrutam vistas notáveis: a Cruz Alta, o Templo Cross, the Temple of Columns, St Catherine’s EXISTENTE EM PORTUGAL das Colunas, o Alto de Sta.
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  • A Numismatic Legacy from Portugal's

    A Numismatic Legacy from Portugal's

    A NUMISMATIC LEGACY FROM PORTUGAL’S ‘WAR OF THE TWO BROTHERS’ John E. Sandrock As an avid paper money enthusiast I have always been intrigued by the little mysteries that sometimes show up. Such a baffling puzzle surfaced some years ago after I had acquired a group of early Portuguese currency dating from the late 1700s. These notes had all been overprinted with red sunbursts bearing the name of the king of Portugal. The difficulty was, that some notes were attributed to Pedro IV, and some to Miguel I. My desire to learn why this should be led me to the explanation, but not before I had probed into the discovery of a continent and learned something of the consequences of the Napoleonic War. These seemingly unrelated events eventually led me to the explanation and to my awareness of the War of the Two Brothers. Today Portugal is one of the smallest and least developed nations of Western Europe. There was a time, however, when Portugal played a far larger role in world history, one greatly disproportionate to its size. Those were the days of exploration when Portugal’s greatness reached the four corners of the earth. Such men as Prince Henry the Navigator, Bartholomeu Dias, Vasco da Gama and Pedro Cabral laid claim to vast lands in the name of Portugal. As colonization followed exploration, the small country was hard pressed to find sufficient administrators and colonists to maintain control of her far-flung possessions. Because she had an insufficient population base to maintain large armies and the necessary administrators in her newly found colonies, these lands gradually slipped away from Portuguese control, finding other political accommodations.