2016 OSU MATERIALS WEEK

MAY 10 TUE - 13 FRI 2016

at The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio Welcome to the 2016 OSU Materials Week Welcome to conference, our 8th annual showcase of materials- ¯ allied research at The Ohio State University! 2016 OSU MATERIALS WEEK Materials Week is an annual event to share innovative research, enable collaborations, and celebrate the breadth and depth of Ohio State’s multi- dimensional materials community. As the gateway to materials-allied Organized by the research at Ohio State, the Institute for Materials Research, in partnership with the Materials and Manufacturing for Sustainability (M&MS) Discovery Institute for Materials Research (IMR) Theme focus area, is proud to organize OSU Materials Week for 2016. Technical and cross The Institute for Materials Research provides vision, cutting sessions will focus on the latest advances in the full spectrum of materials innovation, coordination and support to advance mutli-college continuing a special focus on materials and technologies for sustainability from last year’s highly excellence and impact in materials-allied research. successful conference. IMR is the gateway to materials-allied research at The We are truly honored to kick off Materials Week by welcoming Professor John Goodenough Ohio State University. as our 2016 IMR Keynote Speaker. Professor Goodenough is responsible for developing IMR supports Ohio State’s materials community through: world-leading advances in ionic conducting solids and electrochemical devices over a career • Strategic leadership spanning 7 decades, and might be most famous for his development of the now ubiquitous lithium-ion battery, powering most all portable electronics today, netting him numerous • Intercollege coordination recognitions such as the Charles Stark Draper Prize, the National Medal of Science and the • Multi-university relations Enrico Fermi Award. His IMR Keynote Address, “Rechargeable Batteries for Electric Cars,” on • Management of major research facilities Tuesday May 10 will be a tremendous beginning for what promises to be the best OSU Materials • Seed funding and facility access funding Week to date, and we are very fortunate to welcome Professor Goodenough to OSU! • Promotion of industry partnerships • Infrastructure support and development The conference continues with three more days of crosscutting and focus sessions featuring • Development and administration of major research three dozen talks on materials-related topics from lightweight vehicles to biomedical programs and centers nanofluidics. Our student poster sessions, always a highlight of Materials Week, take place • Scientific educational programs and annual conference Wednesday and Thursday evenings from 5-7 pm, which also present an opportunity to socialize • Faculty recruitment amongst colleagues. Finally, we wrap up Friday afternoon with closing remarks by Ohio State President, Dr. Michael Drake, along with our student poster award presentation during which the and the Materials and Manufacturing 10 best judged student poster presenters will be recognized! imr.osu.edu for Sustainability (M&MS) Discovery We are very grateful for the generous sponsorship from two key partners at The Ohio State Theme focus area University - Center for Emergent Materials, Ohio State’s NSF Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, and the Office of Energy and Environment. Their support is critical to Materials Week’s success. Many thanks also to our outstanding Organizing and Program Committee volunteers (listed at the end of this program guide) for all of their work to coordinate a strong program for this year’s conference. IMR is grateful to the following for Welcome! their generous support towards 2016 OSU Materials Week:

Center for Emergent Materials (CEM), an NSF Materials Research Science and Steven A. Ringel Engineering Center (MRSEC) Neal A. Smith Chair Professor Office of Energy and Environment Executive Director, Institute for Materials Research (IMR) Faculty Director, Materials and Manufacturing for Sustainability (M&MS) Technical Program

| Registration fee : $45 for Current Students, $55 for All Others Tuesday, May 10 The Blackwell Ballroom 3:00 PM Registration Opens Cross Cutting Session 1: Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Materials 3:10 PM Welcome and Introductions 9:00 Session Chairs' Remarks Jay Sayre/Steven Ringel 3:45 PM IMR Keynote Address: 9:15 Dynamics and Challenges of Silicon Substrate Design and Manufacturing Rechargeable Batteries for Electric Cars Mayank Bulsara, SunEdison Semiconductor Limited John Goodenough, University of Texas at Austin 10:00 Venture Capital Attitudes and Trends for Material-Based Technology Startups Lee Mosbacker, BeLocol, Inc. 5:00 PM Welcome Reception Blackwell Patio 10:45 Nanotechnology: From Materials Science to Regenerative Medicine Jed Johnson and Ross Kayuha, Nanofiber Solutions

Focus Session 1: Focus Session 2: Wednesday, May 11 Energy Harvesting & Storage Developing New Ways to Manufacture Light, High-Performance Structures 8:30 AM Registration Opens Pfahl Hall 1st Floor Break Area 1:00 Engineering Materials for Ultra-thin Product Portfolios, Path Dependencies,

Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Polycrystalline Technical Innovation, and Entrepreneurship 8:45 AM Introductions 140 Pfahl Hall Solar Cells Ned Hill, The Ohio State University Sylvain Marsillac, Old Dominion 9:00 AM Cross Cutting Session 1: University Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Materials 1:45 Engineering Electrode Materials and Overview of the OSU Center for Design Session Chairs: Jay Sayre and Steven A. Ringel Interfaces for High-Voltage and Manufacturing Excellence (CDME): 140 Pfahl Hall Lithium-Ion Batteries Bridging the University Research to Industry Jung-Hyun Kim, General Motors Global Commercialization Gap 11:30 AM Lunch – on your own John Bair, The Ohio State University 2:30 Break 1:00 PM Focus Session 1: 2:45 Smart Membrane Separators in The Story of Ablation Solidification that Led Energy Harvesting & Storage Electrochemical Energy Storage to the 2017 Acura NSX Frame Nodes Session Chair: Tyler Grassman Vishnu Sundaresan, John Grassi, Alotech 140 Pfahl Hall The Ohio State University 3:15 Visible Light Absorbing Lead Free Thermo-Hydroforming – A Novel Process for Focus Session 2: Halide Perovskites Manufacturing Lightweight Structures with Developing New Ways to Manufacture Light, Patrick Woodward, Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites The Ohio State University Farhang Pourboghrat, High-Performance Structures The Ohio State University Session Chair: Glenn Daehn 3:45 Carbon-based Catalysts for Oxygen Explosive Welding Without Explosives: the 202 Pfahl Hall Reduction and Oxygen Evolution Vaporizing Foil Actuator Reactions in Acidic Media Anupam Vivek, The Ohio State University 5:00 PM Student Poster Session and Evening Reception Umit Ozkan, The Ohio State University - 7:00 PM Blackwell Ballroom and Patio 4:15 Multifunctional Energy Storage Session ends at 4:30pm Composites Jay Sayre, The Ohio State University

4 5 Technical Program Thursday, May 12

8:30 AM Registration Opens Pfahl Hall 1st Floor Break Area Cross Cutting Session 2: Innovation in Materials Education 8:45 AM Welcome and Opening Remarks 140 Pfahl Hall 9:00 Integration of Materials Science and Engineering Education: Lessons Learned across Three Universities 9:00 AM Cross Cutting Session 2 : 9:45 Monica Cox, The Ohio State University Innovation in Materials Education Bridging Engineering and Social Sciences through the Impact of Materials Session Chair: David McComb 10:30 on Society Course 140 Pfahl Hall Kevin Jones, University of Florida

11:00 The Science of Public Understanding and Engagement with Material Science 11:30 AM Lunch – on your own Erik Nisbet, The Ohio State University Improving Learning in an Introductory Materials Science Engineering Course 1:00 PM Focus Session 3: Andrew Heckler, The Ohio State University Role of Corrosion on the Sustainable Use of Materials Session Chairs: Jenifer Locke and Gerald Frankel 140 Pfahl Hall Focus Session 3: Focus Session 4: Role of Corrosion on the Topological Materials Focus Session 4: Sustainable Use of Materials Topological Materials 1:00 Predicting the Long-Term Performance of Topological Materials and Dirac Fermions Session Chair: Rolando Valdes Aguilar Materials – Challenges and Approaches Liang Fu, Massachusetts Institute 202 Pfahl Hall Narasi Sridhar, Det Norske Veritas of Technology GL (DNV GL) Research and Innovation 5:00 PM Tuning the Electronic Properties202 Pfahl of Hall Student Poster Session and Evening Reception A Comprehensive View of Gaseous Topological Materials by Doping - 7:00 PM Blackwell Ballroom and Patio 1:45 Hydrogen-Assisted Cracking and Strain Brian Somerday, Southwest Vidya Madhavan, University of Illinois at Research Institute Urbana-Champaign 2:30 Break 2:45 The Science and Technology of Skyrmions in Chiral Magnets Vanadate Corrosion Inhibition Mohit Randeria, The Ohio State University Rudy Buchheit, The Ohio State University 3:15 Effects of Abrasion- and Deformation- T unable Topological Surface States in a Induced Altered Surface Layers Dirac Semimetal on the Corrosion of Al Alloys Yuan-Ming Lu, The Ohio State University Gerald Frankel, The Ohio State University 3:45 The Effect of Sensitization on Chasing Relativistic Electrons in Corrosion Fatigue of an Al-Mg Alloy used Topological Quantum Materials for Naval Applications Adam Kaminski, Iowa State University and Jenifer Locke, The Ohio State University The Ames Laboratory 4:15 Corrosion Management for a Session ends at 4:30pm Sustainable Infrastructure Christopher Taylor, DNV GL and The Ohio State University, and Andrea Sánchez, DNV GL Technical Program Friday, May 13 Focus Session 5: Focus Session 6: 8:15 AM Registration Opens Pfahl Hall 1st Floor Breakroom Simulation & Data Analytics Nanotechnology in Medicine 8:30 AM Focus Session 5: 8:30 The Center for Hierarchical Materials Biomimetic Nanovesicles to Simulation & Data Analytics Design: Realizing the Promise of the Target Inflammation Session Chair: Stephen Niezgoda Materials Genome Initiative Ennio Tasciotti, Houston Methodist Hospital 140 Pfahl Hall Peter Voorhees, Northwestern University 9:15 Forward Modeling of SEM Modalities Biomedical Micro- and Nanofluidics Focus Session 6: and the Age of Big Data Shuichi Takayama, University of Michigan Nanotechnology in Medicine Marc DeGraef, Carnegie Mellon University Session Chair: Carlos Castro 10:00 Multi-Modal Fusion of Experimental and Elucidating Molecular Mechanisms in 202 Pfahl Hall Simulated Materials Data for Drug Delivery Using Quantitative High Correlative Analysis Resolution Microscopy in Living Cells 11:30 PM Closing and Student Poster Awards Sean Donegan, BlueQuartz Software, LLC Emanuele Cocucci, The Ohio State  University - 12:00 PM Blackwell Patio 10:45 Panel Discussion Bio-inspired Fluorescent Peptide Nanoparticles for Nanomedicine Mingjun Zhang, The Ohio State University

8 9 Biography IMR Keynote John Bannister Goodenough is the Virginia H. Cockrell Centennial Professor of Materials Science and Engineering Address at the University of Texas at Austin. He is known for his insights into d-electron behavior in transition-metal oxides, given by including cooperative orbital ordering now known as cooperative Jahn-Teller ordering, which he used to realize the ferrimagnetic-oxide memory elements of the first random- access memory of the digital computer and to articulate the Goodenough-Kanamori John Goodenough, rules for the sign of interatomic spin-spin interactions; the origin of metallic d electrons in oxides, which solved the problem of metallic oxide perovskites and is used for the University of catalytic cathodes of the solid oxide fuel cell; the character of the lattice instabilities at the crossover from localized to itinerant d-electron behavior, which are manifest as charge-density waves and high-temperature superconductivity in the copper oxides; Texas at Austin and the oxide cathodes that have enabled realization of the Li-ion rechargeable batteries of the wireless revolution. Goodenough received a B.A. in Mathematics from Yale University in 1944 while serving as a meteorologist in the USAAF during World War II; he obtained an M.S. and Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Chicago in 1951 and 1952, respectively. From 1952 to 1976, he was a Research Scientist and Group Leader at the MIT Lincoln Laboratory. In 1976, he joined Oxford University as Professor and Head of the Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory; and facing retirement in England in 1986, he accepted his present Rechargeable Batteries appointment in the College of Engineering at the University of Texas at Austin. Professor Goodenough is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Engineering for Electric Cars and National Academy of Sciences; a Foreign Associate of L’Academie des Sciences de L’Institute de France, Academia de Ciencas Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales of Spain, After a brief introduction to rechargeable batteries, problems with dendrite and the Royal Society (UK). His awards include Laureate of the Japan Prize, 2001; formation on an alkali-metal anode in an organic-liquid electrolyte will be the Presidential Enrico Fermi Award, 2009; the National Medal of Science, 2012; the introduced. Plating of an alkali-metal anode through a solid-electrolyte without Charles Stark Draper Prize of the National Academy of Engineering, 2014, Thomson dendrite formation requires a solid-electrolyte surface that is wet by the alkali Reuters Citation Laureate, 2015, and the Eric and Sheila Samsun Prime Minister’s Prize metal and makes a solid-solid interface that is stable on charge-discharge for Innovation in Alternative Fuels for Transportation in 2015. cycling. Experiments with a glass electrolyte will be presented. Goodenough has published over 800 refereed journal articles and 94 book chapters and reviews. His most notable publications include Magnetism and the Chemical Bond (1967), Les oxydes des métaux de transition (1973), Witness to Grace (2008), and (with Kevin Huang) Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology: Principles, Performance, and Operations (2009).

10 11 John Bair Rudolph Buchheit

Overview of the OSU Center for Design The Science and Technology of and Manufacturing Excellence (CDME): Vanadate Corrosion Inhibition

Bridging the University Research to Certain oxo-anions of V5+, collectively referred to as vanadates, are Industry Commercialization Gap powerful corrosion inhibitors for aluminium alloys. Under certain conditions of pH, concentration and temperature, the corrosion inhibition afforded by The Center for Design and Manufacturing Excellence (CDME) bridges the gap between The vanadates is equal to that of chromate compounds. The extent of vanadate corrosion Ohio State University technologies and industry needs to deploy solutions for commercialization inhibition is strongly dependent on its aqueous speciation; a fact that does not appear to through integrated design and manufacturing projects and processes. Every manufacturing have been widely appreciated by the corrosion engineering community until just a few years company would benefit from having access to a premier research institution. Collaborating with ago. An unusual aspect of vanadate speciation and inhibition is that greater concentrations high caliber researchers opens the door to innovation and inventions. Leveraging federally of vanadate favor stability of non-inhibiting forms of vanadate while lower concentrations funded research, university laboratories and additional partners, companies can achieve greater favor stability of a strongly inhibiting form. As a result, lower concentrations of vanadate can value added innovation at reduced risk. The Ohio State University is perfectly suited to lead the inhibit corrosion better than higher concentrations under certain circumstances. The unusual future of American manufacturing - and the renewal of this nation’s founding industry - with a novel, nature of this dependence, the difficulty in studying aqueous speciation and the complexity collaborative and forward-thinking model which creates an exciting environment of productive of the aqueous vanadate system has probably contributed to the limited use of vanadates in innovation. CDME is the manufacturing port of entry into Ohio State. With a dedicated staff of corrosion protection applications. This presentation will summarize research conducted over product engineers and participation by research faculty, CDME is able to move at the speed the past 10 years that has added significantly to the fundamental understanding of vanadate of industry while continuing to innovate. Equipment, facility and staff are all utilized in the most inhibition including the role of pH, concentration and temperature on vanadate speciation and efficient productive manner for any project. CDME provides industry with a simple expeditious inhibition, the origins of the corrosion inhibiting effect, critical concentrations for inhibition, and way to access all the intellectual and physical assets of the university and surrounding research the interaction of vanadates with complex aluminum alloy microstructures and incipient surface community. Easy contract mechanisms and unambiguous business terms allow industry certainty films. During this same 10-year time period, several new technological approaches have around the value proposition of the engagement before any project begins. been explored for delivering vanadate corrosion inhibition in the form of conversion coatings, corrosion-inhibiting pigments, and corrosion-inhibiting organic coatings. In this presentation, a number of these technological innovations will be described and their performance relative to Biography application demands and incumbent technologies will be presented. John D. Bair is the Executive Director of the College of Engineering Center for Design and Manufacturing Excellence (CDME) at The Ohio State University. He co-founded Avnet Lifecycle Biography Solutions (formerly Pinnacle Data Systems, Inc.) in 1989, where he served as President and CEO Rudolph G. Buchheit is Associate Dean for Academic Affairs and Administration in the College and as Chief Technology and Innovation Officer. After the company was acquired by Avnet, Inc. in of Engineering and Professor in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at The 2012, he was Sr. Vice President and has served as a director since the company’s inception and Ohio State University. His research is in the area of corrosion science and engineering with as Chairman of the Board of Directors since 1996. Mr. Bair holds a Bachelor of Science degree in emphasis on localized corrosion, corrosion protection and corrosion prediction; mainly of light Computer and Information Science from the College of Engineering at The Ohio State University, metals. He has also worked extensively in the area of corrosion inhibition, surface modification and brings particular expertise in the areas of engineering, design, operations, strategic planning, and corrosion resistant coatings. He was a Senior Member of the Technical Staff in the Materials and the technology industry. and Process Sciences Directorate at Sandia National Laboratories New Mexico from 1990 until joining the faculty in the Fontana Corrosion Center in Materials Science and Engineering at Ohio State in 1997. Buchheit also served as Chair of Materials Science and Engineering at Ohio State from 2006 to 2014. He is a Fellow of NACE International, and past Chair of the Research Committee. He is also a Fellow of the Electrochemical Society, and serves as Chair of the Corrosion Division. Buchheit has served on the Editorial Board for Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology and is a former Editorial Board Member for Corrosion and for the Journal of Materials Research. He has served as an ABET Program Evaluator for materials- oriented programs, and is a past chair of the University Materials Council. He is the recipient of the H. H. Uhlig Educator’s Award from NACE, the Morris Cohen Award from the Corrosion Division of the Electrochemical Society, and is a two-time recipient the Charles Ellison MacQuigg Award for outstanding teaching.

12 13 Mayank Bulsara Emanuele Cocucci

Dynamics and Challenges of Silicon Elucidating Molecular Mechanisms in Substrate Design and Manufacturing Drug Delivery Using Quantitative High

The semiconductor industry relies upon the foundation of advanced Resolution Microscopy in Living Cells materials processing practices to fabricate high performance Protein-protein interactions (PPI) control the assembly of multimeric microelectronics at very high manufacturing yields and low cost. The silicon (Si) substrate complexes which drives cellular functions in health and disease. PPIs are distributed over manufacturing technology that supports most of the world-wide chip manufacturing continues to large and relatively flat protein surfaces, and as a result are untargetable by small molecules. advance state-of-the-art manufacturing practices that support all the latest node requirements. In Moreover, protein therapeutics, that are suitable for PPI targeting, cannot access the cytosolic addition, the interconnection between the properties of starting Si and chip fabrication processes environment because, due to their high hydrophilicity, are unable to cross the plasma has risen in importance due to the narrower process margins. Applications such as logic, memory, membrane. Nanovector formulations are promising strategies for drug delivery that can radio frequency (RF) communications, power electronics, and image sensors all require different encapsulate hydrophilic molecules, be engineered for site-specific targeting, and overcome types of Si substrate design. This talk will give an overview of the Si substrate industry and the cellular barriers. Understanding the steps involved in nanovector internalization and disposal dynamics and challenges in introducing new Si substrate technology into the advanced and fast- is essential to ensure the success of these drug delivery systems. Recent developments in paced Si microelectronics industry. microscopy permit the investigation of membrane trafficking with single molecule resolution. These approaches are suitable to directly quantify the number, the stoichiometry, and the Biography kinetics of the molecules involved in the formation of membrane carriers. Using these techniques we can collect in real time the full diversity of nanovector-cell interactions, Dr. Mayank Bulsara is Chief Scientist of SunEdison Semiconductor Limited (SSL), one of the largest visualizing also rare but significant events, such as endosomal escape. As a model, we are starting silicon (Si) materials manufacturers in the world. As a member of the SSL’s Executive investigating the internalization and disposal of extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are biological Leadership Team and direct report to the CEO of SSL, Dr. Bulsara is responsible for identifying nanovectors able to overcome cellular barriers and discharge their payload, composed of and guiding new technology opportunities into sustainable innovations with concrete business miRNA and signaling molecules, into the cytosol of target cells. EVs are secreted upon fusion propositions. Prior to this position, Dr. Bulsara was a researcher at Massachusetts Institute of multivesicular bodies with the plasma membrane, or released by the direct outward budding of Technology and an entrepreneur working on the commercialization of advanced materials from the plasma membrane of donor cells. The knowledge acquired on EV-cell interactions will technology for implementation in microelectronic and optoelectronics systems. Dr. Bulsara was be exploited to develop the next generation of drug delivery nanovectors. Co-founder and Chief Technology Officer of AmberWave Systems Corporation, a company that led the commercialization of strained Si materials technology. His business accomplishments in that role were recognized by M.I.T.’s Technology Review Magazine by being named as one of the Top Biography 100 Innovators under 35 (2004). Dr. Bulsara received his B.S. in Ceramic Engineering from Rutgers Emanuele Cocucci works in the Chronic Lymphatic Leukemia Experimental Therapeutics University and his Ph.D. in Electronic Materials from M.I.T. Laboratory at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center as a Research Scientist. During his postdoctoral training at Harvard Medical School, in the laboratory of Dr. Tom Kirchhausen, Cocucci developed quantitative approaches based on high resolution fluorescence microscopy and computational tools to study molecular interactions and macromolecular complex formation in real time in living cells. Using these methodologies, he elucidated the key role of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and the stoichiometry of clathrin and adaptor molecules in the formation of clathrin coated structures and defined the minimum number of dynamin molecules required to pinch a vesicle. He intends now to apply his knowledge to dissect at the molecular level the interactions between nanovectors and membrane traffic processes to improve drug delivery. In this context, Cocucci is interested in defining the molecular machinery that mediates fusion within the plasma membrane or endosomal escape of extracellular vesicle components. He received his MD title from Universita’ degli Studi di Milano (Milan, Italy) and his PhD title from Universita’ Vita-Salute San Raffaele (Milan, Italy).

14 15 Monica Cox Marc De Graef

Integration of Materials Science and Forward Modeling of SEM Modalities Engineering Education: Lessons Learned and the Age of Big Data

across Three Universities Forward modeling refers to the ability to predict quantitatively what the outcome of a materials characterization experiment will be. This requires This talk will present an overview of professional development activities several ingredients: a model for the material’s microstructure; a physics-based model for the and research conducted by faculty and students in a National Science Foundation-funded interaction of a probe (electron, photon, …) with the material; and a model for the conversion of Integrative Graduate Education and Research Training program in Magnetic and Nanostructured the detected signal into the recorded signal. Once such a set of models is available, one can Materials (IGERT-MNM). A collaboration across three universities with diverse missions and simulate realistic images, diffraction patterns, and spectra that can be used in a quantitative cultures- (1) Norfolk State University, a historically black college; (2) Purdue University, a public comparison with experimental data. In this presentation, we will begin with a brief discussion land-grant university, and (3) Cornell University, a private Ivy League university, the IGERT-MNM of the essential ingredients of a good forward model, using electron back-scattered diffraction project offers an interdisciplinary graduate training experience centered on the design and (EBSD) and electron channeling patterns (ECP) as examples. Then we will highlight how such a study of novel materials with structure-derived functionalities. Four themes (intellectual property model can be used to create novel pattern indexing algorithms based on pattern dictionaries. and ethics, technical writing, interdisciplinary research, and pedagogy) guide the academic We will illustrate how the dictionary indexing approach is robust against acquisition noise. In and professional development of graduate students, with efforts resulting in an exploration of principle, forward models can be used to pre-compute for all materials in a structures library effective practices in materials science engineering education. An overview of project research all the ingredients that go into a forward model, so that large databases can be constructed findings and lessons learned will be presented along with suggestions for incorporating covering all relevant engineering materials. We will also show how the concept of forward engineering education in traditional materials science and engineering educational environments. modeling can be combined with microstructure reconstruction and synthesis tools (DREAM.3D) to predict the outcome of characterization experiments and validate reconstructed microstructures. We will conclude this presentation with a brief look at the future of quantitative Biography materials characterization. Monica F. Cox is a Professor and Inaugural Chair of the Department of Engineering Education at The Ohio State University. Her research is focused upon the use of mixed methodologies to Biography explore significant research questions in undergraduate, graduate, and professional engineering education; to explore issues of intersectionality among women, particularly Women of Color, Marc De Graef is a Professor of Materials Science and Engineering and co-director of the J. in engineering; and to develop, disseminate, and commercialize reliable and valid assessment Earle and Mary Roberts Materials Characterization Laboratory at Carnegie Mellon University. His tools for use across the engineering education continuum. Prior to joining Ohio State, Cox research interests lie in the area of microstructural characterization of structural intermetallics was the director of the International Institute for Engineering Education Assessment and an and magnetic materials, with an emphasis on developing models to quantify experimental associate professor in the School of Engineering Education at Purdue University. She received characterization modalities for SEM and TEM. De Graef received his BS and MS degrees in physics from the University of Antwerp (Belgium) in 1983, and his Ph.D. in physics from the a BS degree in mathematics (cum laude) from Spelman College, an MS degree in industrial Catholic University of Leuven (Belgium) in 1989, with a thesis on copper-based shape memory engineering from The University of Alabama, and a PhD in leadership and policy studies from alloys. He then spent three and a half years as a post-doctoral researcher in the Materials Peabody College at Vanderbilt University. Department at the University of California at Santa Barbara before joining Carnegie Mellon in 1993. He is also a Fellow of the Microscopy Society of America.

16 17 Sean Donegan Gerald Frankel

Multi-Modal Fusion of Experimental Effects of Abrasion- and Deformation- and Simulated Materials Data for Induced Altered Surface Layers on the Correlative Analysis Corrosion of Al Alloys

As new characterization and simulation techniques are developed Corrosion test samples are usually abraded and polished prior to and utilized, materials data is becoming increasingly multi-modal. A key task when trying to testing to create a fresh and reproducible surface. Over the past decade it has become analyze multi-modal data is the capability to fuse disparate kinds of data that are representative evident that Al alloy surfaces prepared this way develop near surface microstructures that of the same component. Fusion may involve both affine and non-linear transformations of are very different than the bulk microstructure. These altered surface layers are often the underlying geometrical representations to enable co-registration of the data sets. These more susceptible to corrosion than the bulk, but can also be more resistant. As a result, workflows are made more difficult when the data sets exist in different reference frames and the corrosion response of a freshly prepared surface might not be representative. This talk scales, and are complicated by irregular geometries, such as meshes or CAD representations. will describe the behavior of several different Al alloys; every alloyhas distinct behavior. We present several approaches for dealing with the fusion of multi-modal data, inspired by Interestingly, the long term aging behavior of the region just below the altered surface work within the image processing communities. The approaches are applied to several layer has been found to be quite different than the bulk of the alloy. Finally, an example of example experimental and simulated data sets. We also showcase the need for advances in enhanced corrosion susceptibility of a manufactured Al alloy component that undergoes fusion pipelines as new materials manufacturing processes are developed, especially within the extreme bending during manufacturing will be presented. scope of additive manufacturing. Biography Biography Gerald S. Frankel is the DNV Designated Chair in Corrosion, Professor of Materials Science Sean Donegan is a research scientist at BlueQuartz Software and one of the primary and Engineering, and Director of the Fontana Corrosion Center at The Ohio State University. developers behind the DREAM.3D project. He has broad experience in 3D materials science, His primary research interests are in the passivation and localized corrosion of metals and including modeling and simulation at both the microstructure and continuum scales, statistical alloys, corrosion inhibition, protective coatings and atmospheric corrosion. He earned quantification of microstructure, generation of synthetic microstructures, and correlative data the Sc.B. degree in Materials Science Engineering from Brown University and the Sc.D. fusion and analysis across length scales. Since 2014, he has spearheaded the technical efforts degree in Materials Science and Engineering from MIT. Prior to joining Ohio State in 1995, to extend DREAM.3D from specialization in microstructure data to a generalized hierarchical he was a post-doctoral researcher at the Swiss Federal Technical Institute in Zurich and framework for materials analysis in many dimensions. He currently leads efforts to apply the then a Research Staff Member at the IBM Watson Research Center. Frankel is a member DREAM.3D suite to analysis of process model output coupled with experimental measurements of the editorial board of The Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Corrosion, Materials for correlative forecasting and materials process design. Donegan received his Ph.D. in and Corrosion, and Corrosion Reviews, past chairman of the Corrosion Division of The Materials Science from Carnegie Mellon University. Electrochemical Society, and past chairman of the Research Committee of NACE. Frankel is a fellow of NACE International, The Electrochemical Society, and ASM International. He received the W.R. Whitney Award from NACE International in 2015, the U.R. Evans Award from the UK Institute of Corrosion in 2011, OSU Distinguished Scholar Award in 2010, the 2010 ECS Corrosion Division H.H. Uhlig Award, the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation Research Award for Senior US Scientists in 2004, the 2007 and 2013 TP Hoar Prize from the UK Institute of Corrosion, the 2000 Uhlig Award from NACE, and the Harrison Faculty Award from the OSU College of Engineering in 2000. He was on sabbatical at the Max Planck Institute for Iron Research in Dusseldorf in 2005, a visiting professor at the University of Paris in 2008, a visiting professor at Monash University in Melbourne in 2012, and a visiting professor at the Technion Israel Institute of Technology in 2013. In 2012, he was appointed by President Barack Obama as a member of the Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board.

18 19 Liang Fu John Grassi

Topological Materials and The Story of Ablation Solidification Dirac Fermions that Led to the 2017 Acura NSX

It is well-known that properties of solids depend crucially on Frame Nodes symmetry. For example, diamond and graphite, both made of carbon Ablation Solidification is a newly developed solidification technology atoms, have vastly different properties due to the difference in crystal symmetry. In the last engineered from the ground floor since early 2000. Mr. Grassi is an Ohio State University decade, it has come to be recognized that materials having the same symmetry can still be graduate in Metallurgical Engineering and the beginnings of ideation originated within the in distinct phases due to the difference in topology of quantum wavefunctions. In this talk, I walls of Ohio State to solve the fundamental problems that plague "casting." The ideations will describe the concept of topological(crystalline) insulators and topological semimetals, and that lead to the concept and the ability to navigate the business elements with an overview of discuss their unique properties which are intimately connected with Dirac fermions. the superstructures and what can be created will be presented.

Biography Biography Liang Fu is an Assistant Professor of Physics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. John Grassi is the President of Alotech, Ltd., an independent development and manufacturing His research interests focus on novel topological phases of matter and their experimental company specializing in alloy casting and refinement of a patented liquid to solid conversion realizations. He has developed/worked on a theory of topological insulators and topological process. He is a manufacturing operations executive with a 23-year record of delivering global superconductors, with a focus on predicting/proposing their material realizations and business growth and industry-dominating innovation through leadership of manufacturing experimental signatures. A recent example is the theoretical prediction of topological operations, process technology and product development. He is a builder of high performance crystalline insulators in IV-VI semiconductors, which possess unique surface states protected teams and developer of award-winning, market leading processes and patented technology by crystalline symmetry. Fu is currently developing a theory of topological phase transitions for diverse industries. His tenures are characterized by developing process technology with a in the presence of disorder and electron interactions. He is also interested in potential proven history of displacing the competition, generating tens of millions of dollars, minimizing applications of topological materials, coherent optical phenomena in solids and electron scrap, accelerating time-to-market, saving multimillions of dollars and elevating product quality fractionalization. Fu obtained a Bachelor’s degree in Physics from the University of Science to previously unattainable levels. Prior to focusing on his Alotech startup, Grassi was a Chief and Technology of China in 2004 and Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Pennsylvania in Technology Officer with General Aluminum Manufacturing Company (GA), a high volume 2009. Before joining the faculty at MIT in January 2012, he was a Junior Fellow at $200MM/Annum manufacturer of automotive and truck components. He was the Manager of Harvard University. Development Technologies & Implementation in the Wheel Products Division of Alcoa and a Divisional Metallurgical Engineer in Alcoa’s aerospace division. Grassi is credited with numerous patents, and received a B.S. in Metallurgical Engineering at The Ohio State University and was an Honors graduate in Cryptology Defense through the U.S. Air Force.

20 21 Andrew Heckler Ned Hill

Improving Learning in an Introductory Product Portfolios, Path Materials Science Engineering Course Dependencies, Technical Innovation,

The Education program of the Center for Emergent Materials – an and Entrepreneurship NSF Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC) Regional economies are portfolios of products and as these products at The Ohio State University - has lead two education research-based projects aimed at age, or move through their product life-cycles, the composition of the product portfolio improving student learning in an introductory Materials Science Engineering course. The first changes. These changes appear to shape the long-term paths regional economies travel project applied an education research process to iteratively design and implement interactive by creating path dependencies. Positive path dependencies exist for regions with portfolios group-work curricular materials or “tutorials” aimed at improving student understanding weighted toward young products. Correspondingly, negative path dependencies exist for of important MSE concepts. The project involved more than 1000 students over 3 years those with a disproportionate share of mature, or declining, products. Product portfolio shifts and included interviewing, testing, and iterative curriculum development and classroom have implications for regional economic growth rates, demand for different types, or levels, implementation. Rigorous assessments of learning documented significant learning gains, and of skill. They also appear to shape regional business cultures or attitudes about risk taking, the improvements have been permanently adopted. In the second project, we found that many the skill sets of business managers and leaders, entrepreneurship, and the expected social students in a standard introductory materials science engineering course have difficulty with contract between employees and their employers. a variety of basic skills necessary for their coursework. To address this issue, we used known cognitive principles of spaced, interleaved practice to develop and implement a set of online “essential skills” tasks to help students achieve and retain a core level of mastery and fluency. Biography Training, which involved only 20 minutes of practice per week, covered a wide range of topics: Edward (Ned) Hill is a Professor in The Ohio State University’s John Glenn College of interpreting log plots, metric conversions, estimating typical values of material properties, Public Affairs where he teaches economic development, public finance, and state and local employing dimensional analysis, and using equations with mixed units. Pre and post-test public policy. He is also affiliated with the Ohio Manufacturing Institute and the College of results indicate significant, and sometimes dramatic, learning gains on most topics, and that Engineering’s Discovery Theme in Materials and Manufacturing for Sustainability. He was student rated the training highly. chair of the Advisory Board of the Manufacturing Extension Partnership from 2007 until 2010; his appointment to the Board ended in April 2014. In 2005 the Ohio Manufacturers Biography Association’s Board of Directors presented Hill with its Legacy Award for “advancing manufacturing competitiveness in Ohio.” Hill served as Dean of the Levin College of Urban Andrew F. Heckler is an Associate Professor of Physics at The Ohio State University. While his Affairs at Cleveland State University for eight years and was a member of the faculty for 30 original area of research was in Cosmology and Astrophysics, since 2005 he has focused on years and was Professor and Distinguished Scholar of Economic Development. He also Physics Education Research, studying fundamental learning mechanisms involved in learning served as editor of Economic Development Quarterly for 10 years. and reasoning about physics, characterizing and addressing student difficulties with basic concept and skills in physics, the effects of representation on learning and problem solving, and the evolution of physics understanding during and after a physics course. In addition, he is also leading a project to identify and address student difficulties in learning materials science. This effort is part of the education component of the OSU Center forEmergent Materials, an NSF MRSEC center. Heckler received his Ph.D. in Physics from University of Washington and served as a Postdoctoral Researcher at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory before joining Ohio State. He also served as Assistant Dean of Ohio State’s College of Mathematical and Physical Sciences from 1998 – 2005 and in 2015 was elected a member of the Executive Committee of the American Physical Society’s Forum on Education.

22 23 Jed Johnson & Ross Kayuha Kevin Jones

Nanotechnology: From Bridging Engineering and Social Materials Science to Sciences through the Impact of Regenerative Medicine Materials on Society Course

Nanofiber Solutions is a regenerative medicine In an effort to increase the social literacy of the engineer and the company developing a new class of implants technical literacy of the non-engineer, a new course entitled the Impact of Materials on Society with unrivaled performance for the $20B (IMOS) has been developed. This class is the result of a collaboration between faculty at the soft tissue/organ repair/regeneration market. Our technology is used to build off-the-shelf University of Florida, staff at MRS headquarters and MRS member scientists. The undergraduate scaffolds that are critical in the development of life-saving and life-changing tissue engineered course was intended to increase interest and competency in materials science and engineering implants. We manufacture the world’s first nanofiber tracheal implant which has been used by demonstrating the important social role of materials discovery and engineering in human successfully in four European surgeries and we are rapidly expanding our product offerings civilizations from pre-history to the future. This course unites materials engineers, humanities and patent estate based on this proven scaffold technology. researchers, social scientists, and science educators to increase the science and social literacy of both engineering and non-engineering majors. The course works by combining three elements in weekly units focusing on different material case studies (such as silicon, concrete, Biography and iron). Each materials unit combines three elements: (1) an overview of the discovery, material and processing properties, and historical uses of a specific material, (2) a case study of a Jed Johnson is the Chief Technology Officer at Nanofiber Solutions. He received his Ph.D. significant social transformation that involved the material, and (3) an activity that discusses the in Materials Science and Engineering with a focus on biomaterials in 2010 from The Ohio future social impact of new materials drawing on videos authored by world leading authorities State University. He co-founded Nanofiber Solutions Inc. in the spring of 2009 based upon from around the globe. By combining these scientific and social approaches to studying state-of-the-art nanofiber scaffolds for cell culture and tissue engineering applications as an materials, the course demonstrates that materials engineering is not merely the exercise of extension of his thesis work. Johnson led the team that won 1st Place in the 2009 Deloitte ‘math and science’ but also involves “creative problem-solving” that helps “shape our future” Business Plan Competition and has served as principal investigator on numerous NIH and by improving our “health, happiness, and safety”. In this way, the course directly addresses the NSF SBIR/STTR grants, in addition to Ohio Third Frontier grants. In the fall of 2011, the world’s ABET engineering criterion, “(h) the broad education necessary to understand the impact of first synthetic nanofiber trachea, designed and built by Johnson, was implanted into a human engineering solutions in a global, economic, environmental, and societal context”, and shows at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, with three additional successful surgeries in Krasnodar, that an exposure to the social context in which research and engineering takes place is also a Russia and Stockholm, Sweden. critical component of science education.

Ross Kayuha is the Chief Executive Officer at Nanofiber Solutions. He received his MBA from University of Illinois in 1985 and has grown several technology companies to commercial Biography success. He was a member of the senior management team of Claremont Technology Kevin S. Jones is the Fredrick N. Rhines Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at the Group, which grew from 20 employees to over 1,000 after a successful IPO in 1996. Kayuha University of Florida. He has spent the past 28 years as a professor studying the processing has served as a mentor for The Ohio State University Technology Entrepreneurship and induced defects in elemental and compound semiconductors. He has published over 400 Commercialization program in addition to co-founding Nanofiber Solutions. refereed articles, most focusing on characterization of materials, specifically ion implantation damage in semiconductors. From 2002-2010, Jones was Chair of the MSE Department at the University of Florida and during this period the department grew to be the 2nd largest MSE department in the US with nearly 450 students and is consistently ranked among the top 10 departments in the country. He is the Chairman of the International Committee on Ion Implantation Technology, Co-Director of the SWAMP Center, and a fellow of IEEE, ASM, MIS and MRS. Recently Jones has been developing a Freshman course with faculty from Humanities and Sociology and the MRS entitled “The Impact of Materials on Society”. This course has been so successful that NSF and DoD are supporting its development and dissemination around the country. An article about this class recently appeared in Time Magazine and was downloaded ~100,000 times.

24 25 Adam Kaminski Jung-Hyun Kim

Chasing Relativistic Electrons in Engineering Electrode Materials Topological Quantum Materials and Interfaces for High-Voltage

The discovery of Dirac fermions in graphene has inspired a search Lithium-Ion Batteries for Dirac and Weyl semimetals in three dimensions, thereby making it Research and development efforts are intensifying in search of the next possible to realize for the first time exotic phases of matter first proposed in particle physics. generation of cathode materials for Li-ion batteries to extend the driving range of electric Such materials are characterized by the presence of nontrivial quantum electronic states, vehicles (EVs) and to lower their cost. LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) high voltage spinel is a promising where the electronic spin and valley degrees of freedom are coupled with its momentum candidate for the next generation cathode material because of its high operating voltage (4.75 and surface Fermi surfaces that are chopped up into arcs. This opens up the possibility V vs Li), potentially low material cost, and excellent rate capability. Over the last decade, much for developing new devices in which information is stored in spin and valley qubits rather of the research effort has focused on achieving a fundamental understanding of the structure- than charge. Such platforms may significantly enhance the speed and energy efficiency of property relationship in LNMO materials. Recent studies, however, have demonstrated that one information storage and processing. of the most critical barriers for the commercialization of high voltage spinel Li-ion batteries is In this talk we will discuss the electronic properties of several newly discovered, tellurium- electrolyte decomposition and the concurrent degradative reactions at the electrode/electrolyte based topological quantum materials. In WTe2 we have observed a topological transition interfaces, which result in poor cycle life of LNMO/graphite full-cells. With this perspective, I will introduce strategies to engineer the physical and electrochemical properties of LNMO powder involving a change of the Fermi surface topology (known as a Lifshitz transition) driven by materials. Our current understanding on the capacity fading mechanism of LNMO/graphite temperature. The strong temperature-dependence of the chemical potential that is at the heart cells will be presented; it is mainly associated with parasitic reactions at electrode/electrolyte of this phenomenon is also important for understanding the thermoelectric properties of such interfaces. Finally, various approaches to engineer the interfaces and their impacts on the semimetals. In a close cousin, MoTe2, by using high-resolution laser based Angle Resolved electrochemical stability will be discussed. Photoemission Spectroscopy (ARPES) we identify Weyl points and Fermi surface arcs, showing a new type of topological Weyl semimetal with electron and hole pockets that touch at a Weyl point. We will also present evidence for a new topological state in PtSn4, with pairs of Biography extended arcs rather than Dirac points, and so far not understood theoretically. Our research Jung-Hyun Kim is a senior researcher in the General Motors Global Research and Development opens up new directions on enhancing topological responsiveness of new quantum materials. Center. His research interests encompass a wide range of energy related topics, including ceramic and polymer materials for batteries, fuel cells, and gas-permeation membranes. Before Biography joining GM in 2011, he was a postdoctoral fellow with the Spallation Neutron Source in the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Kim received his B.S. and M.S. in Chemical Engineering from Adam Kaminski is Professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at Iowa State Hanyang University and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering from the University of University and Faculty Scientist at the Ames Laboratory. His research focuses on electronic Texas at Austin. properties of conventional and high temperature superconductors and topological quantum materials. He is an APS fellow and received several awards for his research. Kaminski received his M. Sc. degree from Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Poland in 1991 and Ph. D. degeree from University of Illinois at Chicago in 2001.

26 27 Jenifer Locke Yuan-Ming Lu

The Effect of Sensitization on Tunable Topological Surface States in a Corrosion Fatigue of an Al-Mg Alloy Dirac Semimetal

used for Naval Applications Topological semimetals are a class of new materials which host stable exotic surface states localized on their surface, in addition to a metallic Aluminum-magnesium alloys are used readily in naval applications because of their low density, moderate strength, formability, weldability, and superior corrosion bulk. Motivated by recent transport and photoemission experiments suggesting the existence resistance. Unfortunately, it has been well established that the superior corrosion resistance of "double Fermi arcs" on the surface of Dirac semimetals (DSMs) Na3Bi and Cd3As2, we of Al-Mg alloys can be severely degraded by the onset of intergranular corrosion when slightly theoretically study the stability of these surface states. We find that, in marked contrast to elevated temperatures are experienced over extended periods of time, a phenomenon known robust surface fermi arcs in Weyl semimetals, the proposed double Fermi arcs in DSMs are not as sensitization. In addition to a degradation in corrosion resistance, high resolution fracture topologically protected in general, except at certain timereversal invariant momenta. We show mechanics based studies show that the resistance to corrosion fatigue, a material degradation that generically the surface states of DSMs can be continuously deformed from experimentally- process that results from the simultaneous interaction of corrosion and cyclic deformation, is observed "double fermi arcs", to a closed single fermi pocket. Changing the carrier density by severely degraded under low frequency loading. Specifically, crack growth rates for a severely e.g. surface doping can realize all these tunable surface states in a DSM, where our theoretical sensitized microstructure are accelerated by about 3 orders of magnitude compared to the predictions can be directly tested in magneto-transport and spectroscopy measurements. as-received un-sensitized microstructure when loading frequencies typical of wave motion are investigated. Work is on-going to link the degradation in corrosion fatigue to grain boundary microstructure changes that occur when slightly elevated temperatures are experienced over Biography extended periods of time. Yuan-Ming Lu is an Assistant Professor of Physics at The Ohio State University. His research This work is sponsored by the DoD Technical Corrosion Collaboration managed by the DoD interests are theoretical studies of hard condensed matter physics, primarily exploring and Office of Corrosion Policy and Oversight through the US Air Force Academy under contract understanding new phases of matter emergent from strong interactions between particles in a number FA7000-12-2-0015, DNV-GL under Thodla Ramgopal through a contract with the Office many-particle system. of Naval Research managed by William Nickerson, and The Ohio State University Institute for Lu was recently a guest editor of a special issue of New Journal of Physics on topological Materials Research. physics, and co-organized a workshop at The Ohio State University on “Spin-orbit Coupling and Magnetism in Correlated Transition Metal Oxides.” Prior to joining Ohio State, Lu was a Biography Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of California, Berkeley and with the Materials Science Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. He holds a Ph.D. in Physics from Jenifer S. Locke is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering Boston College. and the Fontana Corrosion Center at the Ohio State University and holds the DNV-Roger W. Staehle Designated Professorship. Her primary research interests are in environmental cracking and corrosion of metals and alloys. Particularly, Locke has interest in advancing laboratory environmental cracking testing capabilities, quantifying and understanding metal/alloy and thermo- mechanical processing effects on occluded site electrochemistry in corrosion and environmental cracking of metals, and in inhibition of environmental cracking. Locke was recently named a 2016 ONR (Office of Naval Research) Young Investigator Award recipient, is a member of the Technical Committee for the upcoming 2016 International Hydrogen Conference and the NACE Research Committee. Before joining Ohio State in 2015, she held a position at the Alcoa Technical Center, the R&D facility for Alcoa Inc (now Arconic), where she worked in in alloy development, environmental cracking, and corrosion of aerospace and automotive wheel aluminum alloys. Prior to Alcoa, Locke received her Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering from the University of Virginia and worked on quantifying the glass formability of amorphous aluminum alloys at the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) at Wright Patterson Air Force Base. She is also involved in efforts outside of research to ensure all people, regardless of gender, race, sexual orientation, or gender identity, are able to achieve their full potential in the workplace. For these efforts, she was named a Greater Pittsburgh Area Dignity and Respect Champion in April 2013.

28 29 Vidya Madhavan Sylvain Marsillac

Tuning the Electronic Properties Engineering Materials for Ultra-thin

of Topological Materials by Doping Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Polycrystalline Solar Cells and Strain As the demand for energy in the world continues to increase, and with no slow-down in sight, the requirement for generating electricity from a In this talk I will describe our experimental investigations of a class of broader variety of sources, including renewables, is higher than ever. With costs still 30% higher materials called Topological Crystalline Insulators (TCIs). TCIs are recently discovered materials than for natural gas, solar energy is a viable contestant in the race but more progress needs to where topology and crystal symmetry intertwine to create linearly dispersing Fermions similar be made to put it on par with other forms of energy. Among the costs drivers that could allow to graphene. To study this material, we used a scanning tunneling microscope. In the first part a manufacturing price reduction, materials cost and manufacturing throughput are critical. Both of the talk, I will show how zero-mass electrons and massive electrons can coexist in the same of these can be tackled by reducing the thickness of the slowest to form and most expensive material. I will discuss the conditions to obtain these zero mass electrons as well the method to layers in the solar cell. In the case of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells, one of the most prominent thin film impart a controllable mass to the Dirac electrons. In the second part of the talk I will discuss how solar cells on the market, this solution adds new constraints. Among those are managing (i) the different types of strain effect Dirac electrons in momentum space. In particular, I will show how reduced absorption of photons, (ii) the increased impact of back surface recombination, and (iii) the effects of uniaxial strain in this system are counterintuitive and strongly influenced by the the modified electric field profile. Solutions to these problems, involving synergistic fabrication, orbital nature of the bands. characterization and modeling, will be presented and include new back contacts (notably transition metal nitrides and transparent conducting oxides), controlled band gap grading for the Biography absorber layer, enhanced in-situ monitoring (by real time spectroscopic ellipsometry), and newly developed multi-layers anti-reflection coatings in conjunction with the back contacts. Device Vidya Madhavan is a Professor of Physics at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. results will be presented and modeled, and the impact of the proposed solutions analyzed. She investigates fundamental problems in quantum materials where interactions between the spin, charge, and structural degrees of freedom lead to emergent phenomena. Her research uses the tools of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS), Biography spin-polarized STM (SPSTM) and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) to unravel the mysteries of Sylvain Marsillac is a Professor of Electrical Engineering and Director of the Virginia Institute complex systems at the atomic scale. Madhavan’s group carries out challenging, high-risk of Photovoltaics (VIPV) at Old Dominion University. His current research interests include high experiments, wherein the possibility of discovering new phenomena is high. Her team's recent efficiency solar cells, polycrystalline materials synthesis, low cost manufacturing and solar energy work has focused on STM studies of complex oxides and thin films of topological materials. integration to the grids. Over the last 10 years, Dr. Marsillac has developed a strong portfolio of Madhavan received her bachelor's degree from the Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai, and research, spanning work in the field of PV from the nano-scale to the giga-scale, supported by a master of technology degree in solid state materials from the Indian Institute of Technology, federal, state and private resources at more than $10M of funding for his group. He is also the New Delhi. She held a postdoctoral appointment at the University of California, Berkeley and lead of ODU’s new pedagogic effort to develop an undergraduate and a graduate program for was on the physics faculty at Boston College before joining the Univesrity of Illinois in 2014 as a PV engineering education. Dr. Marsillac contributes to the profession as an Associate Editor of full professor. the IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, serving as the Chair of Area 2 “Chalcogenide Thin Film Solar Cells and Related Materials” at four IEEE Photovoltaic Specialist Conferences (PVSC), and as an Organizing Committee member of PVSC for the last seven years. In 2015, he received the IEEE PVSC Napkin award in recognition of his dedication to enhancing the quality of the conference technical program. At ODU, Dr. Marsillac has received six different awards for his excellence in research, teaching and service, was twice nominated for the State Council of Higher Education for Virginia (SCHEV) Outstanding Faculty Award, and was also recently selected by the Governor of Virginia as a member of the inaugeral Virginia Solar Energy Development Authority where he helps direct PV efforts in the Virginia Commonwealth. Marsillac earned his Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering (1996) from the University of Nantes (France). After his Ph.D., he worked for the University of Delaware (IEC), the University of Hawaii, and the University of Toledo, where he was the co-director of the Wright Center for Photvoltaic Innovation and Commercialization. He has published over 160 papers in peer- reviewed journals and conference proceedings and has supervised over 25 Ph.D. and Masters students. 30 31 Lee Mosbacker Erik Nisbet

Venture Capital Attitudes and Trends for The Science of Public Understanding and Material-Based Technology Startups Engagement with Material Science

We will examine developing trends in investor preferences toward How does the public make sense of complex scientific topics like ventures in emerging materials markets. Drawing on a nationally nanotechnology? How do we best communicate to the risks and benefits representative survey of American venture capitalists, the first analysis shows investor perceptions of material science? What do we mean by “public engagement” with material science and regarding high profit future markets. The second analysis then compares self-assessed how do we promote it? What are the challenges for effective science communication that preferences with existing investment behavior. Implications of the analyses will be discussed in are specific to material science and how do we overcome them? The science of science further detail. communication provides scientists, educators, and outreach professionals a broad set of tools for answering these questions and increasing public understanding and acceptance of material science. This presentation will review some of the basic social-science research on science Biography communication and how it may be translated into effective strategies for addressing these Lee Mosbacker is a serial entrepreneur, investor, and technical generalist. He sold his first fintech questions of science communication. company in 2001, and then graduated from The Ohio State University with a Ph.D. in Physics in 2008. He started Traycer, a THz imaging company, and attracted $10M in investment before moving the company to San Francisco in 2014. Since then, Mosbacker has invested in a UVC Biography drone company, a logistics company, and a sports betting hedgefund. He also serves as Chief Erik C. Nisbet is an Associate Professor of Communication, Political Science, and Environmental Technical Officer for a digital art company. Policy at The Ohio State University and faculty affiliate with the OSU Mershon Center for International Security. His research interests focus on three areas: media and international affairs, mostly in terms of American-Islamic relations; media and comparative democratization, primarily in Middle East, Africa, and Asia; and science and environmental communication. He has published peer-reviewed articles in journals such as Nature Climate Change, Journal of Communication, Society and Natural Resources, Annals of the American Academy of Political & Social Science, Political Communication, Communication Research, Journal of Communication, International Journal of Public Opinion Research, and The Information Society. Nisbet is currently a Co-PI on the Co-Evolution of Upstream Human Behavior and Downstream Ecosystem Services in a Changing Climate grant funded by the National Science Foundation, Directorate for Biological Sciences, Division for Environmental Biology, Dynamics of Coupled Natural-Human Systems Program. He is also on the editorial board of the International Journal of Public Opinion Research. Prior to joining Ohio State, he was a Lecturer and Senior Research Associate at Cornell University, from which he received a Ph.D. in Communications.

32 33 Umit Ozkan Farhang Pourboghrat

Carbon-based Catalysts for Oxygen Thermo-Hydroforming – A Novel Reduction and Oxygen Evolution Process for Manufacturing Lightweight Reactions in Acidic Media Structures with Fiber-Reinforced

Oxygen reduction reaction remains the major cause of efficiency loss in Thermoplastic Composites low-temperature energy conversion devices such as proton exchange membrane (PEM), anion Efficient and cost effective manufacturing of lightweight structures for application in automotive, exchange membrane (AEM) and direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC), even when precious-metal catalysts are used as the cathodic electrodes. Oxygen evolution reaction, which is the rate limiting aerospace, and defense applications is gaining more traction. The use of polymer composites step in PEM electrolyzers poses similar challenges. Carbon materials doped with hetero-atoms, in high strength, light weight structures has been occurring for decades. Fiberglass reinforced with or without an active metal center, offer potential alternatives to precious metals as ORR plastics have been employed since the 1950’s in the building of high performance cars and and OER catalysts. Our early work in acidic media provided evidence that ORR activity can be boat hulls. More recently, carbon fiber composites have gained acceptance in the aerospace achieved without a metal center being present. Using metal-doped (Fe, Ni, Co) supports (oxide or industry as a high strength structural material, capable of exceeding the strength of steel. It has Vulcan carbon) as surfaces for growth of carbon nanostructures, we were able to prepare active only been a couple of decades that carbon fiber and other high performing composites have ORR catalysts by pyrolyzing C and N containing precursors. Depending on the growth substrates become affordable enough to appear in consumer goods such as automobile components and and pyrolysis parameters used, we were able to get different nano-geometries, exposing different sporting goods. Most structural applications of composites use a thermoset resin for the matrix levels of basal and edge planes. After leaching the oxide support and the exposed metal through material, which require the additional heating to cure the resin in an autoclave after the forming acid and/or base washing, highest ORR activity was observed over carbon nanostructures that process. Unlike thermosets, thermoplastic matrix composites have the advantage that they can favored exposure of the graphitic edge planes as opposed to the basal planes. Recent years be heated and reformed several times before the final shape is created. In this presentation, have seen new studies on N-doped carbon materials, including nitrogen-doped carbon nano-tube I will describe the novel composite thermo-hydroforming (THF) process that utilizes a heated arrays, graphene, single and multi-walled nano-tubes. In addition to the CNx catalysts, iron-nitrogen pressurized fluid to form the composite material to a punch of the desired part geometry. This coordinated catalysts supported on carbon (FeNC) synthesized by either pyrolizing the carbon- process is similar to the sheet metal hydroforming in that it utilizes pressurized fluid to form the supported macrocycles or synthesis mixture containing Fe and N have been shown to exhibit blank to a male punch. This unique process is used for the manufacturing of 3D structural parts very high ORR activity. In spite of the increased interest in carbon-based ORR catalysts, with or from 2D multilayer, fiber-reinforced thermoplastic (FRT) composite preforms. without a metal center, there is much disagreement in the literature as to the nature of active sites in these materials. The differences and similarities between these two classes of materials and identification and quantification of active site structures in these materials for ORR using various Biography probing techniques will be discussed. Farhang Pourboghrat is a Professor at The Ohio State University with a joint appointment in the Integrated Systems Engineering and Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering departments. His Biography research interests are in the multi-scale characterization of engineered materials and modeling Umit S. Ozkan is a Distinguished Professor of Chemical Engineering at The Ohio State University. of advanced forming processes, including warm forming of sheet metals, tube hydroforming, Her current research interests include alternative fuels, fuel processing, catalytic phenomena and composite thermo-hydroforming. His research has a strong emphasis on the computational involved in fuel cells, catalytic and electrocatalytic oxidation, environmental catalysis, emission modeling of forming processes using microstructure-sensitive material models such as crystal control, and hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis of heteroatom compounds. She is on the Editorial plasticity and advanced phenomenological yield functions. Prior to joining Ohio State, he served Boards of Catalysis Today, Journal of Molecular Catalysis, Catalysis Letters, Topics in Catalysis, as a faculty in the Mechanical Engineering Department at Michigan State University and worked The Royal Society of Chemistry, Catalysis Book Series, Applied Catalysis B, and Catalysis Reviews, as a staff scientist at the Alcoa Technical Center. Pourboghrat is a member of the American and is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAS), American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), and the Sigma Xi technical honor society. He has Institute of Chemical Engineers (AICHE), and American Chemical Society (ACS). Ozkan has served as a member of the steering and scientific committee for the Numerical Simulation of 3D edited five books, has written over 200 refereed publications and book chapters, given over 250 Sheet Forming Processes (NUMISHEET) conference since 2005. Pourboghrat received his BS conference presentations and over 125 invited lectures in 20 different countries, and holds five and MS degrees from the University of Iowa, and his PhD degree in Mechanical Engineering patents. She has been the recipient of many honors and awards, including the ACS Energy and from the University of Minnesota. Fuels Distinguished Researcher Award (2012), John van Geuns Lectureship Award at the Van't Hoff Institute at the University of Amsterdam (2010), Iowa State University Professional Achievement Citation in Engineering (2010), AICHE Mentorship Excellence Award (2009), and the Fulbright Senior Scholar Award (2007). In 2013, a special volume of Topics in Catalysis, a premier journal in the field of catalysis, was dedicated in her honor. Ozkan has advised and mentored over 100 graduate students, post-doctoral researchers and honors students. She received her Ph.D from Iowa State University in 1984 and joined the faculty of The Ohio State University in 1985. 35 Mohit Randeria Jay Sayre

Skyrmions in Chiral Magnets Multifunctional Energy

Skyrmions are topological spin textures that arise in many different Storage Composites contexts. In this presentation, I will focus on skyrmions in chiral magnetic Imagine a vehicle system with energy storage built into the frame so materials, a field that has seen enormous progress in recent years that it delivers energy while simultaneously serving other functions, like spurred by new experimental developments and the potential for structure or protection. We are developing such an energy storage technology that creates spintronics applications. I will describe our recent theoretical predictions on how the stability of a new design space for products through improved energy density, conformal shaping, and skyrmion phases can be greatly enhanced by tuning the nature of the spin-orbit coupling and structural attributes. Our design eliminates redundant, parasitic mass and volume and can be magnetic anisotropy. conformed and withstand mechanical loads. Because the parasitic material reduces specific energy, the performance of our technology increases specific energy by 20-30%, based on Biography our current testing. In addition, because our new design is laminated and thin, we can create various shapes that can withstand mechanical loads and be integrated into composites. Further, Mohit Randeria is a Professor of Physics at The Ohio State University. He is a condensed matter since we use a unique energy storage design with commercially-available materials, we can get theorist whose research focuses on quantum materials and cold atoms with the goal to gain to market in 1-2 years, unlike alternative solutions that require extensive materials development. insights into the complex behavior of macroscopic systems of many interacting particles. His current research focuses on strongly correlated systems, many-body physics in cold atomic systems, complex oxides: magnetism in double perovskites, high temperature superconductivity, Biography and photoemission spectroscopy. Randeria is a Fellow of the American Physical Society and Jay Sayre is the Assistant Vice President for Materials and Manufacturing for Sustainability winner of the International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) Prize for Condensed Matter and Director of Innovation, Institute for Materials Research at The Ohio State University. His Physics. He is an alumnus of IIT-Delhi (B.Tech., Electrical Engineering), California Institute of interdisciplinary research interests are in translating science and technology into products Technology (M.S., Physics) and Cornell University (Ph.D., Physics). within the fields of applied mechanics and materials engineering. Specifically, his focus is on fuel cells, polymer composites, failure analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, multifunctional materials, and energy absorbing materials. His work on polymer composites is focused on multifunctional composites (energy generation and survivability), electrochemical composites (fuel cells and electroactive polymer actuators), and survivability (advanced threat armor composites). Prior to joining Ohio State, Dr. Sayre held the positions of Director of Advanced Materials and Internal Research and Development (IR&D) for Energy, Health, and Environment at Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus, Ohio, which is the world’s largest, independent research and development organization. He holds a PhD in Materials Engineering Science and a BS in Chemical Engineering from Virginia Tech, as well as a Master of Science in Polymer Engineering from the University of Tennessee.

36 37 Brian Somerday Narasi Sridhar

A Comprehensive View of Gaseous Predicting the Long-Term Performance of Hydrogen-Assisted Cracking Materials – Challenges and Approaches

This presentation unites three research stories to illustrate that Long-term performance of materials is important in many applications gaseous hydrogen-assisted cracking is most effectively rationalized because of the need for increased reliability, safety, and sustainability. by recognizing and analyzing its multiple elements. Each research story focuses on an There are several technical challenges in assessing the long-term performance of materials, essential element in the gaseous hydrogen-assisted cracking process, i.e., hydrogen- not the least of which is the emergence of new failure modes after years of operation. This material interactions leading to damage, crack-tip stress and strain fields driving hydrogen- presentation will focus on three applications to illustrate the long-term performance issues. induced damage, and gas-surface interactions governing crack-tip hydrogen uptake. We will The first application involves oil and gas pipelines. As of 2014, there were about 2.5 million begin with an example of hydrogen-material interactions leading to damage in the form of miles of gas and liquid hydrocarbon pipelines in the U.S. These pipelines suffer from a variety cracking along grain boundaries. This study conclusively demonstrates that the proportion of failure modes, including internal and external corrosion, stress corrosion cracking (SCC), and of grain boundaries with particular orientations affects the propensity for hydrogen-induced mechanical impacts. The talk will discuss one of these failure modes – stress corrosion cracking intergranular cracking. The next research story features results uncovered while exercising – and illustrate the complexities in modeling the SCC. A second example involves underground two conventional methods for measuring gaseous hydrogen-assisted cracking thresholds storage tanks for radioactive wastes generated in Hanford site as a result of weapons production for martensitic pressure vessel steels. Unexpectedly, thresholds measured under constant- activities. Many of these tanks have suffered localized corrosion and SCC. However, the displacement loading were higher than thresholds measured under rising-displacement fundamental mechanisms of corrosion and SCC are not sufficiently understood to permit loading. These varying threshold measurements can be attributed to fundamentally different development of a physics-based model. The presentation will highlight the need for better crack-tip strain fields for test methods involving propagating cracks (constant-displacement mechanistic understanding in order to develop improved tank integrity management practices. loading) vs. stationary cracks (rising-displacement loading). The presentation then concludes The last example will highlight the technical challenges in specifying stainless steels and Ni-base by describing a study that systematically characterizes effects of trace oxygen on gaseous alloys for high pressure, high temperature (HPHT) oil and gas wells. The performance limits for hydrogen-accelerated fatigue crack growth for lower-strength ferritic steels. Specifically, these alloys are specified in ISO standard, but are based on short-term laboratory tests and field experimental results reveal that oxygen-modified, hydrogen-accelerated fatigue crack growth experience. A mechanistic framework will be presented to better quantify the safe operating is a function of oxygen concentration, load-cycle frequency, and load ratio (R). The interplay limits of these alloys. between these variables is explained through an analytical model that features two key assumptions: 1) oxygen adsorption on the crack-tip surface retards hydrogen uptake and the onset of hydrogen-accelerated cracking, and 2) oxygen diffusion through the crack channel is Biography the rate-limiting step for adsorption. Narasi Sridhar is a Vice President of Det Norske Veritas (DNV) and Director of the Materials Program in DNV Strategic Research & Innovation. He also serves as an Adjunct Professor in Biography the Materials Science and Engineering Department at The Ohio State University. His main technical interests involve carbon dioxide utilization technologies, sensors and risk management Brian Somerday was recently hired as a Principal Engineer in the Mechanics and Materials of corrodible systems, and advanced materials applications in diverse industries. He has been section at Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio, Texas. During the previous 18 years, awarded a number of patents in the areas of advanced alloys, sensors, and fuel cells. he was a member of the technical staff in the Hydrogen and Materials Science Department at Sandia National Laboratories. During his career at Sandia, he led their core capability in Prior to joining DNV in 2007, Sridhar worked at Southwest Research Institute for 18 years ending hydrogen embrittlement, anchored by the Hydrogen Effects on Materials Laboratory. He was up as a Program Director, where he was involved in developing life-prediction methods and the principal investigator on projects impacting a range of technologies, including hydrogen sensors for diverse applications. From 1981 through 1989, he worked at Haynes International, fuel infrastructure, nuclear power, oil refining, and national defense. The common thread in where he was involved in the development of advanced alloys. Sridhar obtained a Ph.D. from these projects was characterizing the effects of hydrogen gas on mechanical properties of University of Notre Dame in 1980 and has published over 170 papers and book chapters on structural metals, enabling materials selection and life prediction for components operating diverse topics including CO2 utilization and life prediction of corrodible systems. He serves on in hydrogen environments. Somerday is actively involved in the international hydrogen the Advisory Board of the CO2 Forum in CPE, Lyon, France, is a Fellow of NACE International, embrittlement community, highlighted by co-organizing the 2008, 2012, and 2016 International and the recipient of NACE Technical Achievement award. He is also the recipient of the Vaaler Hydrogen Conferences at Jackson Lake Lodge in Grand Teton National Park. In addition to award given by Chemical Processing for important contribution to the efficient operation of co-editing two conference proceedings, he has also co-edited the book Gaseous Hydrogen chemical plants, and twice won the Guy Bengough award given by the Institute of Metals in Embrittlement of Materials in Energy Technologies. He received his PhD in materials science U.K. He shared the R&D 100 award for innovative chemical speciation and corrosion model from the University of Virginia in 1998. development, and he is currently serving as an Associate Editor of Corrosion Journal and Corrosion Engineering Science & Technology journal. 38 39 Vishnu Sundaresan Shuichi Takayama

Smart Membrane Separators in Biomedical Micro- and Nanofluidics

Electrochemical Energy Storage Micro/nanotechnology and regenerative medicine have the potential to synergistically advance science and enhance healthcare through more The demand for rechargeable electrochemical energy storage with high efficient development of therapeutics and diagnostics. This presentation gravimetric density (GED) and specific power (SP) is driven by power and will provide an overview of efforts to apply such technologies to cell energy requirements in ground transportation, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), electrification therapies, drug testing, and advancing understanding disease physiology. The micro- and of avionics and miniaturization of consumer-electronic gadgets. Contemporary battery materials nanofluidic technologies to be discussed include microfluidic switches, aqueous two-phase impose a finite limit on GED/SP, due to thermal and mechanical failure modes of battery electrodes system bioprinting, 3D cell cultures, and fracture fabrication of tunable nanochannels. Specific and membrane separators. In addition, shelf-life of stored charge in rechargeable devices does biomedical applications that will be discussed include organs-on-a-chip systems such as not scale linearly with maximum SP and has led to popular trends referred to as ‘range-anxiety,’ oviduct-on-a-chip for vitro fertilization and heartbeat-on-a-chip, 3D cultures technologies of ‘compulsive charging,’ etc. The scientific challenges in realizing batteries with high GED and SP cancer, chromatin analysis in fracture-fabricated nanochannels, and technologies to help can be understood from the mechanics of charge storage. Current state-of-the-art in batteries has develop protein diagnostics. a variety of nanostructuring techniques to increase the GED, but there are very limited pathways to simultaneously increase GED and SP. This practical problem in the design of energy storage devices with high GED and SP does not seem to have a roadmap with nanostructuring electrodes Biography and new electrode materials. In order to overcome these limitations, we present a novel approach Shuichi Takayama is a Professor at the University of Michigan in the Biomedical Engineering to develop a membrane separator applicable in energy storage devices with controlled transport Department and Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, and Adjunct Professor properties. In this context, we propose a new architecture for energy storage devices that will at the Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) in Korea. His research preserve the state of charge by shutting down ion transport between electrodes during idling, interests began with organic synthesis and now include microfluidic models of the body such and regulated ion transport driven by the demand. This architecture is inspired by voltage-gated as the oviduct, lung, gut, and cancer metastasis. He also develops aqueous two phase system channels found in biological cell membrane that maintain transmembrane using a combination of micropatterning technologies, studies timing and rhythms of cell signaling, constructs self- protein transporters and we demonstrate a conducting polymer membrane with voltage-gated and switching fluidic circuits, and performs nanofluidic single strand chromatin analysis. Takayama -regulated reversible ion transport towards this design. A practical application of this architecture is an associate editor of Integrative Biology, and has been the recipient of awards and honors is demonstrated using a circuit where electron flow is regulated by redox state-dependent including the NSF CAREER award, Pioneers of Miniaturization Prize from the Royal Society of transmembrane ion transport across the membrane. Chemistry, and AIMBE Fellow. Disclosures: He is co-founder and shareholder of PHASIQ, Inc; has some stock options and licensed technology to 3D Biomatrix. Biography Vishnu Sundaresan is an Assistant Professor of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at The Ohio State University, where he also directs the research in the Integrated Material Systems Lab and has affiliations with NSF I/UCRC Smart Vehicle Center, Center for Plant Sciences and Center for Automotive Research. His research interests are in the area of ionic active smart materials, material systems and ionic structural composites. Sundaresan received his Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering at Virginia Tech under the guidance of Prof. Donald J Leo for his dissertation ‘Biological Ion Transporters as Gating Devices for Chemomechanical and Chemoelectrical Energy Conversion.’ He served as a research scientist at the Center for Intelligent Material Systems and Structures (CIMSS) at Virginia Tech and Assistant Professor in Mechanical Engineering at Virginia Commonwealth University before moving to Ohio State in Fall 2012.

40 41 Ennio Tasciotti Christopher Taylor & Andrea N. Sánchez

Biomimetic Nanovesicles to Corrosion Management for a Target Inflammation Sustainable Infrastructure

Inflammation plays a key role in several traumatic and pathological In the UN report “Our Common Future,” the conditions and it has been associated with the onset of cancer, Brundtland commission defined sustainable cardiovascular, autoimmune and metabolic diseases. The inflammatory signaling cascade development as “meeting the needs of the current occurs both locally and systemically through the interaction of native cells with the components generation while preserving the ability for future of the immune system, and offers ideal molecular and cellular targets to identify the areas of generations to meet their own needs.” Analysis cell/tissue/organ malfunction. In response to these observations, we developed nanomaterials of materials flows through society reveals that infrastructure construction is one of the most with unique biomimetic features able to recognize and target tissue inflammation, to imitate the significant contributors to global materials consumption as well as other sustainability impacts composition of immune cells and to recapitulate the function of macrophages and leukocytes. such as energy and water consumption and CO2 generation. Furthermore, the lifetime of concrete structures is often estimated at ~40 years, meaning that these lifecycle costs will By using these materials to create drug delivery platforms, we achieved superior targeting and recur within one to two generations. Effective corrosion control through understanding bioaccumulation, enhanced therapeutic efficacy and improved functional recovery in a variety of degradation of concrete structures and then optimizing the composition and implementation of preclinical models of human diseases. corrosion protection can extend the lifetime of existing structures and decrease the effective

CO2 impacts. In this presentation we provide an overview of degradation modes in reinforced Biography concrete structures and present original analyses of how effective corrosion management can improve the sustainability of our civil infrastructure. Ennio Tasciotti is Co-Chair of the Department of Nanomedicine, Director of the Center for Biomimetic Medicine, and Director of the Surgical Advanced Technology Laboratory at Houston Methodist Research Institute. He directs a large research operation, with 30 research staff and Biography trainees involved in developing innovative nanotechnology and drug delivery platforms, as well Christopher Taylor is a member of the Research and Innovation – Materials department of DNV as regenerative medicine biomaterials. After receiving M.Sc. degrees in Biological Sciences GL, as well as a part-time Associate Research Professor in the Fontana Corrosion Center of and Molecular Biology and his Ph.D. in Molecular Medicine from Scuola Normale Superioire The Ohio State University. His research focuses on the advanced modeling of corrosion and in Pisa, Italy, Tasciotti moved to the Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of materials degradation phenomena using a combination of molecular and atomistic modeling, Texas and laid the groundwork for two nanotechnology platforms: protein nanochips for early multiscale/multiphysics simulation, lifetime prediction and risk assessment tools. Taylor was disease detection and multistage nanoporous silicon particles for targeted therapeutic delivery formerly a staff member at Los Alamos National Laboratory, where he worked on degradation (selected as one of the “Five big ideas for nanotechnology” by Nature Medicine in 2008). mechanisms in actinide materials and the development of lifetime prediction models for While working in the Department of Nanomedicine at University of Texas Medical School, he nuclear fuel waste forms. He obtained his Ph.D. in Engineering Physics under the tutelage conceived and coordinated the DARPA-funded research project “BioNanoScaffold for post- of Prof. Robert Kelly (Materials Science) and Prof. Matthew Neurock (Chemical Engineering), traumatic osteo-regeneration” to develop multifunctional biomaterials that provide immediate developing first-principles models for electrochemical systems. The method is now widely mechanical stabilization to bone fractures and promote bone tissue regeneration. Tasciotti has used to study systems relevant to corrosion and electrocatalysis. published more than 80 peer reviewed research papers, is an inventor on 6 U.S. patents, serves as reviewer for more than 30 scientific journals, regularly participates in DoD and NIH study Andrea N. Sánchez is an Engineer with DNV GL in their Research & Innovation- Materials sections and has been invited to speak at more than 100 international meetings. group. Her research is in the area of developing risk and threat assessment probabilistic models using Bayesian Networks mainly focusing in the corrosion-related damage of on-shore oil and gas pipelines. Her research interests also include: predicting long term performance of aging material, sustainable use of materials, climate change effect in infrastructure, among others. During her doctorate, she worked on developing a modeling approach for projecting the extent of reinforced concrete corrosion-related damage. Additionally, Andrea worked on estimating the corrosion-related risk of carbonation-induced corrosion in reinforced concrete. Sánchez is an active member of NACE International (the Corrosion Society) and SHPE (Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers). She has a Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering from University Rafael Urdaneta (Venezuela) and a Ph.D. in Civil Engineering with concentration in Materials from the University of South Florida.

42 43 Anupam Vivek Peter Voorhees

Explosive Welding Without Explosives: The Center for Hierarchical Materials the Vaporizing Foil Actuator Design: Realizing the Promise of the

One of the interesting things that can happen when two or more pieces Materials Genome Initiative of metals collide at high speeds (>300m/s), is that they weld to each The classical materials creation process involves a laborious procedure other. This phenomenon, first observed during the First World War when shrapnel inadvertently wherein intuition drives the design of a material that is then created and tested. In most stuck/welded to armaments, has been commercialized and practiced as collision or impact cases, the design goals are not attained, and this costly procedure is repeated. The Materials welding. High explosives are the most common driver of impact welding, although another Genome Initiative (MGI) seeks to replace this process and thus bring innovative new materials method - magnetic pulse welding - is also utilized at smaller scales. Impact welding creates into commercial applications faster and at a lesser expense. The Center for Hierarchical arguably the strongest welds between wide varieties of materials without formation of a heat Materials Design (CHiMaD) is the NIST-sponsored Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials affected zone; however, both the incumbent impact welding techniques have serious limitations. Research focusing on developing the next generation of computational tools, databases, and Explosive welding cannot be practiced in a conventional factory environment and magnetic experimental techniques in order to enable the accelerated design of novel materials and their pulse welding suffers from actuator longevity issues while welding strong structural materials. integration into industry. To illustrate the potential of the MGI, we are designing a wide range The Vaporizing Foil Actuator Welding (VFAW) is a patented technology developed at The Ohio of materials from Co-superalloys to block co-polymers for nanolithography. Each of these State University that enables impact welding of structural alloys in traditional factory settings. design efforts requires databases and simulation. Following an introduction to the CHiMaD, a With 2.5 times the strength and 10% energy requirement as compared to that of a resistance discussion of the databases, datamining and materials simulation efforts will be given. spot weld, VFAW is a potential game-changer in any industry where lap welding is a norm. To support the lightweighting effort in the automotive industry, VFAW enables dissimilar joining of aluminum and steel without the use of any rivets or adhesives to create multi-material, lighter Biography structures. Process scale up has already started and a pedestal-style VFAW system is being Peter Voorhees is the Frank C. Engelhart Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at used for creating spot welds with a cycle time of 30 seconds. While this is still much slower than Northwestern University, and Professor of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics. industry requirements, appropriate steps are being taken for process automation, robustness He is co-director of the Northwestern-Argonne Institute of Science and Engineering and co- and performance. The key stages in the development of this process will be discussed. director of the Center for Hierarchical Materials Design. He received his Ph.D. in Materials Engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. He was a member of the Metallurgy Division at the National Institute for Standards and Technology before joining Northwestern Biography University in 1988. Voorhees has received numerous awards including the National Science Anupam Vivek is a Research Scientist in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering Foundation Presidential Young Investigator Award, ASM International Materials Science Division at The Ohio State University. He earned his Ph.D. in 2012 from the same department with a Research Award (Silver Medal), the TMS Bruce Chalmers Award, the ASM J. Willard Gibbs thesis titled “Rapid metal vaporization used for impulse based metalworking.” Working with Phase Equilibria Award, the McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science Award for Prof. Glenn Daehn, he co-invented the vaporizing foil actuator tool that can be used for a variety Teaching Excellence, and he is listed as a Highly Cited Researcher by the Institute for Scientific of high strain rate deformation assisted manufacturing processes, including impact welding, Information. Professor Voorhees is a fellow of ASM International, the Minerals, Metals and forming, cutting and spring back calibration. Along with his research on the fundamental Materials Society, and the American Physical Society. He has published over 220 papers in the science of the impact processes funded by the NSF, Anupam is also pursuing its scale up and area of the thermodynamics and kinetics of phase transformations. commercialization with relevant funding from DOE, ODSA, OSU and industry.

44 45 Patrick Woodward Mingjun Zhang

Visible Light Absorbing Lead Free Bio-inspired Fluorescent Peptide Halide Perovskites Nanoparticles for Nanomedicine

+ + + The AMX3 (A = Cs , Rb , CH3NH3 ; M = Pb, Sn, Ge; X = I, Br, Cl) halide Biocompatible, biodegradable and photostable fluorescent nanoparticles perovskites are a versatile and promising class of materials. Their are highly desirable over other nanoparticles due to their intrinsic low electrical and optical properties are comparable to conventional compound semiconductors, toxicity or side effects and high translational values. Much research on fluorescent nanoparticles which makes them suitable for many applications. In this talk I will describe our efforts to has been focused on inorganic semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) because of their predictable synthesize and characterize new halide double perovskites with tunable band gaps toward the and stable fluorescence. However, the use of heavy metals in QDs raises many concerns for ultimate goals of removing lead and improving moisture tolerance. I will discuss the synthesis, biological and biomedical applications. It remains a daunting challenge to fabricate biocompatible and photostable fluorescent organic nanoparticles demonstrating stable fluorescence properties. structures and optical properties of Cs2AgMX6 (M = Bi, Sb, In; X = Cl, Br) double perovskites. Peptide is one of the most promising self-assembly building blocks due to their biocompatibility, resemblance with proteins and chemistry diversity. The fundamental question to be addressed Biography in this research is whether a new type of fluorescent peptide nanoparticles may be chemically Patrick Woodward is a Professor of Chemistry at The Ohio State University. His research synthesized following the underlying molecular mechanisms of red-shift for yellow florescent protein (YFP) from GFP. Through this talk, we will show how peptide nanoparticles have been focuses on the correlation between composition, crystal structure and physical properties, synthesized with various fluorescent properties, and how these nanoparticles may be used for in with the goal of helping solid state chemistry to evolve from its current approach, which is cancer therapeutics and Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis. largely empirical, toward a methodology based on the concept of rational design. His research develops the understanding that will allow certain classes of physical properties to be related to their composition and structure in a quantitative manner, to design new materials with an Biography eye toward technological applications. Woodward has been recognized with an NSF Career Mingjun Zhang is a Professor of Biomedical Engineering at The Ohio State University, where Award and an Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship, and has held a Visiting Professor appointment at he is also a member of the Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Faculty Mentor of the both the University of Sydney and the University of Bordeaux. He is currently serving as the Biophysics program. His research interest lies in bio-inspired nanoparticles and bio-inspired Vice President of the Neutron Scattering Society of America, and vice-chair of the Solid State robotics, and how we can learn from biological systems in nature, especially at the micro/ Chemistry Gordon Research Conference. Woodward received an M.S. degree in Materials nano-scale, in order to engineer biocompatible nanomaterials and further develop innovative Science and a Ph.D. in Chemistry from Oregon State University, which was followed by a robotic systems that are capable of interfacing with molecular and cellular systems for advanced postdoctoral appointment in the Department of Physics at Brookhaven National Laboratory therapeutics and tissue engineering applications. To meet the emerging needs for disease where he studied synchrotron and neutron diffraction methods. early diagnosis and treatment, Zhang’s laboratory has made significant discoveries recently towards disease-oriented research, employing nanotechnology and robotics expertise to pursue biomedical engineering research on cancer, wound healing, cardiovascular and Alzheimer's disease. In 2008, his research group first discovered that ivy secretes nanoparticles for surface affixing (Nano Letters, 2008; PNAS, 2016). In 2010, his group found that the highly elastic adhesive secreted from sundew plants is a naturally occurring hydrogel, and could be used to create nano- scaffolds for tissue engineering (J. Royal Society, Interface). In 2011, his group discovered a unique multi-flagella-based swimming mechanism of Giardia (PNAS, 2011). In 2012, his group discovered that the curved swimming trajectories of whirligig beetles were more energy efficient than linear trajectories, which explains why they are more often observed in nature (PLoS Computational Biology). In 2013, his group discovered that nanoparticles secreted from a carnivorous fungus have immunostimulatory properties and exhibit mild cytotoxicity (Advanced Functional Materials). In 2014, his group reported that T. foetus has distinct flagellar beating motions for linear swimming and turning, similar to the ‘run and tumble’ strategies, and multi-flagellated propulsion does not necessarily contribute to greater thrust generation, and may have evolved for greater maneuverability or sensing (J. Royal Society, Interface). His group also developed an approach to produce tea nanoparticles for drug delivery and cancer therapeutics (Oncotarget). In 2015, his group synthesized the first GFP/YFP-inspired fluorescent peptide nanoparticle that can shift ultraviolet light to visible and near infrared ranges (Nature Nanotechnology, 2015). 46 47 Cuzzins Yogurt Chipotle Panera Bread Local Counter Service, Frozen Counter Service, Counter Service, 614-291-2141 Mexican Sandwich Lunch 1868 N High Street 614-291-0274 614-297-6800 Options McDonald’s 1726 High Street 1619 High Street Counter Service, La Plaza Mexican Grill Ugly Tuna Saloona American Counter service, Mexican Table Service, American Area A 614-291-8123 614-725-3044 614-297-8862 Buffalo Wild Wings 1972 High Street 1812 High Street 1546 N. 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48 49 Center for Emergent Materials

The Center for Emergent Materials is one of a network of Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers (MRSEC) funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF). The MRSEC program funds teams of researchers from different disciplines to work collaboratively on Nonlinear Interactions materials research in order to address fundamental Between Spin Flux and problems in science and engineering. By working in teams, called Interdisciplinary Research Engineered Magnetic Textures Groups (IRG), the researchers at CEM tackle scientific problems that are too large and complex 3 for a scientist working alone to solve. There are two IRGs at the Center for Emergent Materials. Pushing spin transport studies into the nonlinear regime with a program that aims to understand spin fluxes interacting with magnetic textures. Nonlinear Current Research Activities response could move beyond diffusive spin currents to enable novel approaches to spin manipulation and control for next generation spintronics. Spin-Orbit Coupling in Correlated Materials: 1Novel Phases and Phenomena Creating novel materials designed Education, Outreach and Diversity to tune the delicate interplay between electron correlations arising from Coulomb interactions and spin-orbit interactions that are CEM Education Human Resources and Development (EHRD) activities enhanced in heavier elements, with are guided by the National Research Council's recommendations that focus on 5d materials where tuning MRSECs should focus resources on programs with proven high impact by chemistry, structure and epitaxial that leverage participant expertise and interest, and address local strain can enable topological needs. At the elementary level, the Center makes sustained and regular phases, quantum phase transitions (approximately bi-weekly) visits to classrooms at a local inner city school to work with teachers and novel magnetism. to provide their students with hands-on science experiences with OSU scientists. CEM seeks to integrate materials-related topics into the high school science curriculum by developing curricula and resources and supporting teachers across the state of Ohio in their use. This program is Control of 2D Electronic developed in partnership with materials scientists, education researchers, and other engineering Structure and 1D Interfaces and STEM professionals and is guided by regular assessments of effectiveness provided by a 2by Surface Functionalization of quasi-experimental design that evaluates its impact on both teachers and their students. Group IV Graphane Analogues CEM builds on local expertise in Physics Education Research Creating single atom thick 2D materials to employ best-practices to develop, implement, and rigorously reminiscent of graphene but composed of assess methods to improve STEM and materials education at the heavier group IV atoms, allowing tuning of undergraduate and graduate levels. This is accomplished at the electronic properties by covalently attaching graduate level through a set of guided group work sessions for surface species to enable novel electronic graduate quantum mechanics developed by CEM EHRD. CEM phases and spin physics. Spatially- EHRD employs proven education research methods to iteratively patterning in 2D creates the exciting design advanced laboratory experiences for undergraduate possibility of novel 1D interfaces. physics majors. These lab experiences will replace several outdated laboratory activities.

50 51 Center for Emergent Materials, continued SUSTAINABILITY

Shared Facilities, Collaborations and Partnerships

Since inception, CEM has played a vital role in strengthening materials research facilities at OSU. The NanoSystems Laboratory (NSL) is closely aligned with CEM which provides partial staff support. CEM members have The Office of Energy and Environment historically been instrumental in the acquisition of equipment through either federal or internal Ohio State is a recognized leader in developing durable solutions to today’s OSU grants. CEM augmented NSL’s impact this year by funding the acquisition of an inductively global energy, environment and sustainability challenges, and in instituting a coupled plasma reactive ion etching system and a compact ultra-high temperature tube furnace. culture of sustainability through collaborative teaching, pioneering research, The addition of these tools directly benefits CEM research, as well as the OSU materials and comprehensive outreach, and innovative operations, practices, and policies. central Ohio community at large.

Seed Program CEM interdisciplinary research endeavors are augmented by a vigorous seed program that supports new ideas with the goal of becoming the basis for effective multidisciplinary teams. The seed program is operated in partnership with two Centers: the Institute for Materials Research (IMR) and the Center for the Exploration of Novel Complex Materials (ENCOMM). This partnership broadens the impact of all three centers in the OSU materials community and better leverages resources. Components of the current IRGs were incubated by the CEM seed program. The program strongly encourages proposals from junior and underrepresented faculty.

The Office of Energy and Environment works to strengthen Ohio State as a leader among Collaborations and Industrial Interactions sustainable campuses, by: Established collaborations with industrial partners and national laboratories add further breadth • Employing renewable energy sources including wind, geothermal and solar to power campus and diversity to CEM scientific endeavors and improve the productivity of center research • Encouraging academic literacy in sustainability, energy and the environment for our students activities. CEM continues to build relationships that provide industry-support for graduate students and to provide resources to assist in moving technologies from the lab to the • Supporting Ohio State’s Discovery Themes Initiatives, including Materials and Manufacturing commercial sector and preparing students for this career option. A particularly dynamic center- for Sustainability to-center collaboration with the Leibniz Institute for Solid State Research (IFW) in Dresden, • Assisting with development of university-wide Sustainability Goals Germany, continues be fruitful. Ohio State’s Sustainability Goals will work to establish our university as a model of sustainable operations and practices. Among the goals are plans to: • Ensure that Ohio State has a carbon-neutral impact on the environment • Create knowledge to solve real-world sustainability problems Director, P. Chris Hammel • Expand learning opportunities for our student [email protected] Learn more at oee.osu.edu.

2000 Physics Research Building Kate Bartter, Director 3018 Smith Lab 614-247-4762 191 West Woodruff Avenue [email protected] 174 W. 18th Ave. oee.osu.edu Columbus, OH 43210-1117 Columbus, OH 43210 [email protected] cem.osu.edu URL for the Sustainability Goals link: https://www.osu.edu/SustGoals%20FINAL%20updated%20041816.pdf

52 53 The Ohio State University Discovery Themes Initiative: Energy and the Environment Materials and Manufacturing for Sustainability SUSTAINABILITY

Materials and Manufacturing for Sustainability, a strategic, university-wide program M&MS Leadership Team coordinated by the Institute for Materials Research (IMR), was one of six proposals selected for funding in August 2014 through The Ohio State University’s Discovery Themes Initiative. Steven A. Ringel, Faculty Director, Materials & Manufacturing for Sustainability, Executive Director, Institute for Materials Research and Neal A. Smith Chair Professor of The Materials and Manufacturing for Sustainability (M&MS) Discovery Theme is enabling Electrical Engineering Ohio State to become pre-eminent in the field of advanced materials and technologies for sustainability. M&MS is building on Ohio State’s existing interdisciplinary strengths in materials, Jay Sayre, Assistant VP, Materials & Manufacturing for Sustainability and Director of world-class facilities and nationally-recognized centers of excellence, and exploiting industrial Innovation, Institute for Materials Research consortia and existing strategic investments to enable a paradigm of discovery-to-deploy. Glenn Daehn, Deputy Faculty Director, Materials & Manufacturing for Sustainability and Fontana Professor, Materials Science and Engineering Investments are occurring in three cluster areas spanning from science to manufacturing John Bair, Executive Director, Center for Design and Manufacturing Excellence Energy harvesting, storage and systems Chris Hammel, Professor and Ohio Eminent Scholar, Physics and Director, Center for High-performance materials and structures Emergent Materials Materials for sustainable information processing Marty Kress, Assistant Vice President, Research Business Development These three primary clusters are supported by targeted investment in strategic assets, Layla Manganaro, Institute for Materials Research including a focus on business, policy, and awareness, all of which will connect within a Materials David McComb, Professor and Ohio Research Scholar, Materials Science and Engineering Innovation Greenhouse (MIG), serving as an innovation collaboratory transitioning science to and Director, Center for Electron and Microscopy and Analysis technology to industry with regional, national and global partners. Susan Olesik, Chair and Professor, Chemistry and Biochemistry The Ohio State University’s Discovery Themes Initiative is a significant investment in three thematic areas in which the university will make a global impact: Energy and the Environment, Giorgio Rizzoni, Professor and Ford Motor Company Chair, Mechanical and Aerospace Food Production and Security, and Health and Wellness. As the nation’s most comprehensive Engineering and Director, Center for Automotive Research university and one of the top institutions for industry-sponsored research, Ohio State is able to develop solutions that will transform our world. For more information on OSU’s Discovery Themes: discovery.osu.edu Currently implementation of this Discovery Theme program is underway. FY15 highlight accomplishments include multiple major industry partnerships, a comprehensive international engagement in India, planning and development of the physical space for the MIG, and two new faculty hires: Dr. Edward “Ned” Hill and Dr. Farhang Pourboghrat, both of whom are featured speakers in this year’s Materials Week program.

54 55 Notes Program Committee Members _

Many thanks to the Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Materials Steven A. Ringel, Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2016 OSU Materials Week Institute for Materials Research, Materials and Manufacturing for Sustainability Program Planning Committee Jay Sayre, Institute for Materials Research, Materials and Manufacturing for Sustainability for all of their input, work, and dedication to planning Energy Harvesting and Storage this year’s event! Tyler Grassman, Materials Science and Engineering Yiying Wu, Chemistry and Biochemistry

Developing New Ways to Manufacture Light, High-Performance Structures Glenn Daehn, Materials Science and Engineering, Materials and Manufacturing for Sustainability 2016 OSU Materials Week Organizing Committee Farhang Pourboghrat, Integrated Systems Engineering, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Bob Davis, Nanotech West Laboratory, IMR Associate Director Innovation in Materials Education Angie Dockery, Institute for Materials Research David McComb, Materials Science and Engineering, IMR Associate Director

Jennifer Donovan, Institute for Materials Research Role of Corrosion on the Sustainable Use of Materials Layla Manganaro, Institute for Materials Research Gerald Frankel, Materials Science and Engineering David W. McComb, Materials Science and Engineering, IMR Associate Director Jenifer Locke, Materials Science and Engineering Steven A. Ringel (Chair), Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Materials Research, Materials and Manufacturing for Sustainability Topological Materials Fengyuan Yang, Physics, IMR Associate Director Yuanming Lu, Physics — Rolando Valdes Aguilar, Physics

2016 OSU Materials Week Conference Co-Chairs Simulation and Data Analytics

Bob Davis, Nanotech West Laboratory, IMR Associate Director Dennis Dimiduk, Materials Science and Engineering Stephen Niezgoda, Materials Science and Engineering David W. McComb, Materials Science and Engineering, IMR Associate Director

Steven A. Ringel (Chair), Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nanotechnology in Medicine Institute for Materials Research, Materials and Manufacturing for Sustainability Carlos Castro, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Fengyuan Yang, Physics, IMR Associate Director Gustavo Leone, Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics

59 E337 Scott Laboratory 201 West 19th Avenue Columbus, Ohio 43210

Phone: 614 247 IMR0 Fax: 614 247 2581 imr.osu.edu