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Autumn 2002 £1.50 Free to Members of the Society EARBY CHRONICLES Edition 26 Autumn 2002 £1.50 free to members of the society CONONLEY LEAD MINE For the outdoor meeting in June we visited Cononley lead mines. The ‘Friends of Cononley Mine’ began “to educate the public in and encourage the study of all historical and technical aspects of mining and associated The Society aims: subjects”. to raise awareness, foster an interest and facilitate research into the heritage of Earby and district including Thornton I in Craven, Sough, Kelbrook, Harden, Hague and Salterforth. OFFICIALS Chairman : Bob Abel phone 01282 843850 Secretary : Margaret Brown phone 01282 843932 Treasurer : Helen Horner The Engine House at Cononley Lead Mine phone 01282 843850 Programme Secretary Sue Janion phone 01282 843992 We began at the “incline plane” and “magazine” and had a look down the “engine shaft”, now heavily protected by a metal grill; then on to the Liaison Officer: “engine house and chimney” from where the more remote areas of the site Trevor Tattersall phone 01282 842819 were pointed out. Archivist: Margaret Greenwood phone 01282 843394 Features NRCC & Parish Rep: Page 6 Wilsons of Throstle Nest, Thornton in Craven Lucille Mitchell phone 01282 841325 Page 13 Pinhaw Beacon - Remains of the Invasion Scare of 1803 Committee: Page 15 Earby Evacuees - Harry’s story Squire Firth phone 01282 817126 1 EARBY CHRONICLES The mine is in fact in Glusburn parish but is named Cononley mine because the main ore bearing vein was under Cononley (lead ore is usually found in long narrow veins). Lead mining dates from the 16th century, when it appeared in accounts of Bolton Priory. In 1542 the Manor of Cononley was granted to Henry Clifford, Earl of Cumberland, and remained in the family untill the 17th century, when it passed by marriage to the Earls of Burlington. In the mid 18th century, again by marriage, it passed to the Dukes of Devonshire where the rights remain today. For most of the mine’s life the minerals in Glusburn belonged to the Garforths of Steeton Hall. Intermittent mining existed in 1589, 1666, and from 1728 to 1746. Then in 1820 a 160 metre shaft proved a failure, but in 1825 Messrs Hall & Co of Newcastle were raising ore at Glusburn & Cononley. The Halls were lead merchants with experience of mining at Grassington, Arkengarthdale and Blanchland. They were followed in 1836 by Stephen Eddy, the Duke of Devonshire’s mining agent. Lead dressing and smelting continued 1840 – 1871; and in the 20th century there were several attempts to work the mines, principally for barytes. Due to low prices in 1933 the mine was mothballed and closed in 1937. It was last worked 1957-8 by McKechnie Bros. of Widnes. During 1985 it was proposed to remove the dumps from various areas of the Cononley and Glusburn mines for treatment in the north east of England, but the planning application met stiff opposition and was refused. Our thank go to Mike Gill for a most interesting introduction and for permission to use his work for this report; and to Maurice Horsfield of the Earby Mines Museum for arranging the visit which was followed by a pleasant gathering in the local hostelry the Hare & Hounds at Lothersdale. More can be found in Gill, MC. The Yorkshire and Lancashire Lead Mines: British Mining No. 33 Northern Mines Research Society, 1987. LOCAL HISTORY WEEK The 4th to the 12th of May this year was designated Local History Week which was promoted by The Historical Association in conjunction with the BBC History Magazine and local history events were organised all over the country. One such event was organised by Burnley Historical Society. It was held in the superb venue of St Peter’s Church in Burnley and took the form of an open day held on Saturday 11th. There were some 20 organisations represented at the event and the Earby and District Local History Society was one of them. The participants represented Family History Societies, schools, archivists including Lancashire County Record Office and the North West Sound Archive as well as local history organisations. 2 EARBY CHRONICLES The event was officially opened by the Bishop of Burnley and there followed a very enjoyable day for both exhibitors and visitors. The Society put on show some of the material from the Katherine Bruce Glasier exhibition which attracted much interest. We were even asked if any one from the Society would like to give a talk about Katherine Bruce Glasier. NEW ACQUISITIONS IN THE ARCHIVES Earby British Legion Among items donated by Albert Haines are certificates of merit awarded to the Earby, Thornton & Kelbrook Branch of the British Legion, some documents relating to the purchase of the Legions premises from the Spiritualist Church and also a copy of “Craven’s Part in the Great War”. This volume was originally presented to Lance Corporal Walter D Clark, and is now part of the Society’s archive. One local lad who was honoured was : 2nd Lieutenant John Granville Berry M.C., West Yorkshire Regiment, officially reported missing on the 16th August 1917, was the younger son of Mr & Mrs W N Berry, of Hawthorn House, Earby a partner in Watson Bailey & Berry of Spring Mill, Earby. 2nd Lieut. Berry, was only 20 years of age, and educated at Skipton Grammar School. He was awarded the Military Cross for gallantry and devotion to duty in taking command of his Company, when his company commander had become a casualty, and leading them for two days, during which time he displayed most remarkable initiative and determination. He attained all his objectives in the face of heavy fire, and was repeatedly to the fore in repelling counter-attacks. His personal gallantry won the admiration of all rank. Lieutenant.-Colonel. Jeffries wrote to Lieutenant. Berry’s father as follows: - “He was one of my very best and trustworthy officers. He was commanding a company and would have been a Captain had he remained with the Battalion. I always knew that when he undertook a job it would be carried out to the letter, and this is one of the highest recommendations it is possible to give a soldier. The Regiment could ill afford to lose him, as officers of his type are far from common”. Broughton All Saints Parish Registers Courtesy of Wharfedale Family History Society we now have a copy of a transcript of the Broughton All Saints Parish Registers. 3 EARBY CHRONICLES Old Photographs Two recent acquisitions are of groups of people yet unidentified, and the one of Earby Baptists shown later in this edition of Chronicles, all courtesy of Pam Greenwood and the late Lillian Parker (nee Smith). The Society is building up an archive of local books, documents and photographs that could be in danger of being lost if not housed locally. If readers know of any items which may be of interest to the collection, please contact the society’s Margaret Greenwood (details on back page). The society would prefer to have original documents for safe keeping, but it can be arranged for copies to be made and original returned to the owner. Thank you to all the above for these donations. EARBY MORRIS MEN Several references have come to light regarding Earby Morris Men. The references are mentioned in a collection of material relating to British folk drama and dance. The collection was started by Alex Helm in 1955 and it is now preserved in the Manuscripts and Rare Books Collection at University College London. Helm was collecting material relating to British Folk Drama and hoped to publish a complete geographical index. Together with Dr. E C Cawte and N Peacock he published “A Geographical Index of Ceremonial Dance in Britain (1960) and “English Ritual Drama, a Geographical Index (1967). The snippets of information about Earby Morris Dancers are tantalising and it would be interesting to see if it could be confirmed that at some time a group of Morris Dancers were based in Earby. The references are firstly from Emery Raw of Wells-on-the-Sea, Norfolk, former leader of Nelson Spiritualist Morris Men. He says that an Earby team was formed in imitation of the Nelson group and he gives the connection as being a Miss Clarke who worked in the Raw family business (Nelson Wire Mattress Co.) The other two references are from a Mrs Almond who ”Remembers at Earby there used to be men...... who wore gay coloured shirts with knee breeches and patent shoes and did something like a scotch sword dance only with their sticks”. “At Earby they were mostly young men dressed in knee breeches and all different coloured blouses, hats more the shape of Robin Hood hats, bells on their shoes and had sticks with coloured ribbons and streamers” 4 EARBY CHRONICLES No dates are given but a foot note estimates that the period would be pre 1914. The references are dated 1962. If any one has any information or has photos or family memories of Earby Morris Men we would like to hear from you. WHALLEY ABBEY The visit in July to Whalley Abbey was a great success and the evening was crowned by refreshments in the conference centre. From the visitor centre and huge model of the site, we were divided into two groups and shown round the ruins by a guide dressed in monks habit. The emphasis was on how the monks lived rather than the actual history of the abbey A group of members hearing how the monks lived at the Abbey (Photo courtesy of Richard Janion) and gave a fas- cinating insight into the austere life of the former inmates.
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