The Small Satellite Reliability Initiative- a Public-Private Effort Addressing Smallsat Mission Confidence
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
The Small Satellite Reliability Initiative- A Public-Private Effort Addressing SmallSat Mission Confidence 32nd Annual Small Satellite Conference August 7, 2018 Michael A. Johnson1,7, Patricia Beauchamp2,7, Harald Schone2,7, Catherine Venturini3, Lee Jasper4, Robbie Robertson5, Miquel Moe1, Jesse Leitner1, Florence Tan6 … and a cadre of others 1NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 2Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 3The Aerospace Corporation Presented by Michael Johnson 4 Space Dynamics Laboratory- Air Force Research Laboratory Chief Technologist, Engineering and Technology Directorate 5Cubic Aerospace 6NASA Headquarters NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 7Small Satellite Reliability Initiative Co-leads [email protected] Chariot to the Moons of Mars Science Objectives: • Constrain the origin of Mars Phobos and Deimos • Evaluate the feasibility of in-situ resource utilization • Evaluate processes contributing the ongoing evolution of the of Phobos/ Deimos system Ref: D.Minton/ Purdue University2 APEX- Asteroid Probe Experiment Science Objectives: • Determine the rotational state and bulk properties of Apophis • Determine its interior structure • Determine its geology and geologic history • Determine the tidal effects on surface morphology, interior structure, rotation Note: ESPA Grande required Ref: J. Plescia/ Johns Hopkins Univ Apophis 3 The Lunar Water Assessment, Transport, Evolution, and Resource (WATER) Small Satellite Mission Concept Science Objective: Characterize the water on the Moon • What are the chemical form(s) of water on the Moon? • How does surficial lunar water evolve over space and time? • Is solar wind implantation responsible for the OH on the illuminated Moon? Ref: C.Hibbits/ Johns Hopkins Univ. 4 CubeSat UV Experiment (CUVE) Science Objectives: • Nature of the "Unknown” UV-absorber • Abundances and distributions of SO2 and SO at and above Venus’s cloud tops and correlation with the UV absorber • Atmospheric dynamics at the cloud tops, structure of upper clouds and wind measurements from cloud-tracking; Ref: V.Cottini, Univ. of Maryland Venus Ref: Valeria Cottini/ Univ Maryland-GSFC 5 At the other end of the spectrum… 6 Challenge… SmallSats will not achieve their full potential until our community identifies, defines, and broadens awareness of paths that lead to mission success. 7 Challenge… SmallSats will not achieve their full potential until our community identifies, defines, and broadens awareness of paths that lead to mission success. Discussion Points • A Response: A Public-Private Response to the Challenge • Small Satellite Reliability Initiative (SSRI) Chronology • SSRI Approach • Next Steps 8 Response: A Public-Private Initiative The Small Satellite Reliability Initiative (SSRI) Charter: Address Mission Confidence Define implementable and broadly accepted approaches to achieve acceptable risk postures associated with several SmallSat mission risk classes—from “do no harm” missions, to missions whose failure would result in loss or delay of key national objectives. Guiding Principles • Don’t break the SmallSat model • Approaches should have low barriers to entry • Provide guidance, not prescription • Target a range of SmallSat communities—system developers, mission architects, acquisition entities… 9 Chronology: A Public-Private Initiative The Small Satellite Reliability Initiative Technical Interchange Meeting-1 (TIM-1): February 2017, Cal Tech, Pasadena, CA • Secured industry responses to initial government SmallSat mission classifications and mission assurance approaches TIM-2: October 2017, NASA HQ, Washington, DC • Recognized value in defining and disseminating best practices and design/development guidelines to the broad SmallSat community • Noted model-based approaches require an intentionally integrated and coherent SSRI TIM-3, Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo, CA development plan TIM-3+: May 3-4, 2018, Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo, CA • Refining best practices/ design development guidelines • Mature knowledge sharing approaches 10 The Small Satellite Reliability Initiative Approach Execute a four-prong approach to mission confidence: 1. Best Practices and Design/Development Guidelines- What design/development guidance and best practices are appropriate for the mission? 2. Lessons Learned- What lessons from missions that have flown and from missions in development can inform the success of future missions? 3. Knowledge Sharing- What knowledge should the SmallSat community exchange to increase mission success and reduce overall development costs? 4. Model-Based Approaches to Mission Confidence- How do we apply model-based approaches to mission confidence? What challenges must be addressed? What is the path forward? 11 The Small Satellite Reliability Initiative Approach 1. Best Practices and Design/Development Guidelines- What design/development guidance and best practices are appropriate for the mission? 2. Lessons Learned- What lessons from missions that have flown and from missions in development can inform the success of future missions? 3. Knowledge Sharing- What knowledge should the SmallSat community exchange to increase mission success and reduce overall development costs? 4. Model-Based Approaches to Mission Confidence- How do we apply model-based approaches to mission confidence? What challenges must be addressed? What is the path forward? 12 Approach Best Practices/ Design Development Guidelines What design/development guidance and best practices are appropriate for the mission? NASA Mission Classes A-D Instead, target “Mission Confidence”, a risk posture 13 Approach Best Practices/ Design Development Guidelines What design/development guidance and best practices are appropriate for the mission? It depends… on objectives and constraints • E.g., funding, the risk posture, the mission environment, targeted mission lifetime, … Guidance • Reviews • Component/ subsystem/system selection Mission Objectives and • Subsystem/system/mission design Constraints • Analysis • Test program • ... 14 Approach Best Practices/ Design Development Guidelines ref D. Perry/Aerospace Corp. Very High EVEL Guidance Options L Appropriate Design and Development Guidelines/Best Practices ONFIDENCE C A simplified example Do No Harm LEO- Low Earth Orbit GEO- Geosynchronous Orbit ref D. Perry/Aerospace Corp. 15 Approach Best Practices/ Design Development Guidelines ref D. Perry/Aerospace Corp. Very High EVEL Guidance Options L Appropriate Design and Development Guidelines/Best Practices ONFIDENCE C A simplified example Do No Harm 16 Approach Best Practices/ Design Development Guidelines ref D. Perry/Aerospace Corp. Very High EVEL Guidance Options L Appropriate Design and Development Guidelines/Best Practices ONFIDENCE C A simplified example Do No Harm 17 Approach Best Practices/ Design Development Guidelines ref D. Perry/Aerospace Corp. Very High EVEL Guidance Options L Appropriate Design and Development Guidelines/Best Practices ONFIDENCE C A simplified example Do No Harm Targeted Deliverables: A searchable database and a “Turbo Tax-like” tool to guide design and development decisions18 The Small Satellite Reliability Initiative Approach 1. Best Practices and Design/Development Guidelines- What design/development guidance and best practices are appropriate for the mission? 2. Lessons Learned- What lessons from missions that have flown and from missions in development can inform the success of future missions? 3. Knowledge Sharing- What knowledge should the SmallSat community exchange to increase mission success and reduce overall development costs? 4. Model-Based Approaches to Mission Confidence- How do we apply model-based approaches to mission confidence? What challenges must be addressed? What is the path forward? 19 Approach Lessons Learned/ Knowledge Sharing “Engineering the System” is just as important as ”Systems Engineering” • Resiliency/ Robustness 20 Approach Lessons Learned The value of good software cannot be understated. 21 Approach Lessons Learned Leverage what has been learned from “big iron”. 22 Approach Lessons Learned Forget some of what has been learned from “big iron”. 23 Approach Lessons Learned … and many others 24 Approach Knowledge Sharing The Small Satellite Systems Virtual Institute: Implementing a knowledge repository • Lessons Learned from Missions Flown and in Development • Parts Radiation Effects • Component (subsystem) Performance Ratings (e.g. Yelp) • Vendor Quality Ratings • Component Performance Feedback to Vendors • … Ref: Bruce Yost, S3VI Lead 25 The Small Satellite Reliability Initiative Approach 1. Best Practices and Design/Development Guidelines- What design/development guidance and best practices are appropriate for the mission? 2. Lessons Learned- What lessons from missions that have flown and from missions in development can inform the success of future missions? 3. Knowledge Sharing- What knowledge should the SmallSat community exchange to increase mission success and reduce overall development costs? 4. Model-Based Approaches to Mission Confidence- How do we apply model-based approaches to mission confidence? What challenges must be addressed? What is the path forward? 26 Approach Model-Based Approaches to Mission Confidence Aid design decision throughout the project life cycle Ref: Harald Schone/JPL Model fidelity can be tailored to project risk posture and design maturity Model-based approaches have significant potential to inform mission confidence. Significant progress being made via numerous efforts across multiple organization.