FORESTRY AND OUR CULTURAL HERITAGE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEMINAR 13-15 June, 2005, Sunne, Sweden Published and edited by Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe Liaison Unit Warsaw ul. Bitwy Warszawskiej 1920 r. nr 3 00-973 Warsaw, Poland tel. +48 22 331 70 31 tel/fax. +48 22 331 70 32 e-mail: [email protected] www.mcpfe.org Disclaimer This publication comprises the presentations and outcome of the Seminar on Forestry and our Cultural Heritage, held on 13 – 15 June, 2005 in Sunne, Sweden. They reß ect the authors opinions and do not necessarily correspond to those of the Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE). Neither the authors, the MCPFE, nor any person acting on their behalf are responsible for the use which might be made of the information contained in this publication. Design, layout and production: [email protected] © Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe, 2006 ISBN10 83-922396-3-6 ISBN13 978-83-922396-3-5 CONTENTS PREFACE 5 OPENING ADDRESS Göran Enander 7 KEY NOTES Linking Forests and Cultural Diversity: The World Heritage Convention Mechtild Rössler 13 The European Landscape Convention and Forests Maguelonne Déjeant-Pons 23 Cultural and Bio-cultural Heritage in Swedish Forests Mårten Aronsson 31 THEME 1: INVENTORY, PLANNING AND MAPPING Planning and presentation of cultural values and performances by a speciÞ c “Technical Forests Management Plan” Alfred Grieshofer 39 Forest sites with cultural and spiritual values – review of national data on the MCPFE Indicator 6.11 Marta Gaworska 50 Between nature and culture: cultural approaches and research perspectives in the conservation of forest landscape in Italy Mauro Agnoletti 56 THEME 2: FOREST MANAGEMENT AND THE CULTURAL HERITAGE Forest Management and Cultural Heritage Jari Parviainen 67 Approaches to the conservation of the cultural heritage in woods and forests in Great Britain Tim Yarnell 76 Management of historic elements in Dutch forests Mark van Benthem/Patrick Jansen 77 Cultural Remains of the Forests – a resource in rural development Anna Marntell/Caroline Wågberg 82 Ancestors’ legacy: the forests of the Austrian Alps as a cultural heritage Jesus Garcia Latorre 87 THEME 3: RESEARCH Network Forest-Culture Austria – a new way to develop and encourage social and cultural dimensions of sustainable forest management Elisabeth Johann 101 Cultural heritage of the forest and cultural heritage in the forest Eva Svensson 106 The Forest Center in Gołuchów: The presentation of 25 years of activity Leszek Chojnacki/Benedykt Rozmiarek 111 NATIONAL REPORTS The Current Situation of Forest Management and Cultural Heritage in China Chuo Ma 119 National Report Austria Alfred Grieshofer 120 Albanian report: Forestry and Cultural Heritage Zhaneta Prifti 131 SEMINAR REPORT 137 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 147 ANNEXES Annex 1: Study Tours 151 Annex 2: Evaluation of the Seminar 153 Annex 3: List of Participants 155 PREFACE In the follow-up process to the Rio Summit (UNCED) the ecological aspects of sustainable forest management have been addressed very thoroughly. The socio-cultural aspects were initially not high on the agenda but have been recognized during the last decade as an integrated part of sustainable de- velopment and therefore of sustainable forest management (SFM). This was expressed by the Vienna Declaration and Vienna Resolutions adopted at the 4th MCPFE (Vienna, April 2003). The MCPFE commitments aim not only to promote and raise awareness on socio-cultural dimensions of SFM but also to improve knowledge and understanding of these aspects. Facilitation of the discussion and exchange of information on social and cultural values of forests took place during the Seminar on Forest and our Cultural Heritage (Sunne, Sweden, 2005). This meeting was one of the actions undertaken towards the implementation of the Vienna Resolution 3, scheduled in the MCPFE Work Programme. The meeting was kindly hosted by the Swedish National Board of Forestry (from January, 2006 “Swedish Forest Agency”) and was organized by the Regional Forestry Board in Värmland/Örebro in co-operation with the MCPFE Liaison Unit Warsaw and the Joint FAO/ECE/ILO Experts Network. The seminar was attended by over 40 participants representing national institutions, as well as international governmental and non-governmental organizations. A multidisciplinary context and consideration of the existing achievements on cultural heritage of forest was emphasized by invi- ting the representatives of the Council of Europe and UNESCO. The seminar reviewed a variety of issues regarding forest cultural heritage, and speciÞ cally landscapes, historical sites and nature monuments as well as bio-cultural heritage and the role of forests in shaping human culture. A broad scope of presentations and various country approaches conÞ rmed a need for future clariÞ cation and development of means and guidelines so as to stimulate mutual awareness and un- derstanding of all socio-cultural values of forests and forestry both at the political and management levels. The debate was the Þ rst step for identifying the challenges for and threats to cultural heritage in forests. Held in a very constructive and open atmosphere the seminar was concluded with a number of recommendations to be considered at the international and national levels. There was recogni- zed a need to raise awareness of the cultural values, both inside and outside the forest sector. It was also well established that cultural values of forests can serve to spark interest of forest owners and encourage them to look at the wider issue of nature conservation. The seminar outcome was presented at the MCPFE Expert Level Meeting (Warsaw, October 2005) and became a signiÞ cant contribution to the MCPFE actions towards the implementation of Vienna Resolution 3. Special thanks go to Sweden as host of the seminar for all efforts with organizing the meeting and creating wonderful atmosphere during the plenary and Þ eld sessions as well as for invaluable con- tribution to elaborating this publication. In many respects, we consider the results of the seminar a landmark and want to warmly thank all actors and participants involved for their indispensable input. Piotr Borkowski Peter Blombäck Head of the MCPFE Liaison Unit Head of the International Secretariat Warsaw Swedish Forest Agency 5 OPENING ADDRESS Göran Enander Director General of the Swedish National Board of Forestry WWelcomeelcome toto SSweden,weden, VVärmlandärmland aandnd SunneSunne andand welcomewelcome toto thisthis “Seminar“Seminar onon ForestryForestry andand ourour CCulturalultural HHeritage”!eritage”! This international Seminar on Forestry and our Cultural Heritage is the Þ rst expert meeting to ela- borate on the Vienna Resolution 3: Preserving and Enhancing the Social and Cultural Dimensions of Sustainable Forest Management in Europe, adopted at the fourth Ministerial Conference on the Pro- tection of Forests in Europe in Vienna (2003). The idea behind this resolution is to further promote and raise awareness of the social and cultural dimensions of sustainable forest management (SFM). The agenda of this seminar clearly demonstrates the scope and the complex character of the Cul- tural Heritage which has brought us all to this seminar in Sunne. I really hope that the outcome of this meeting will bring the issue of Forestry and our Cultural Heritage a good step forward. It is only through raised awareness and understanding, based on facts and knowledge that the social and cultural dimensions of SFM can grow strong and be respected in their own rights. When planning for this seminar, the National Board of Forestry was generously assisted by both the Liaison unit of the MCPFE in Warsaw and by the Joint FAO/ECE/ILO Experts Network for implementation of Sustainable Forest Management. We are also grateful for all practical assistance provided by our colleagues here in this Forestry re- gion of the two counties of Värmland and Örebro. Many thanks to all persons involved in preparing this seminar! VVärmlandärmland – a pprovincerovince ooff rrichich aandnd ffamousamous cculturalultural hheritageeritage This seminar is held in the heart of one of the culturally richest and most famous provinces in Swe- den. Remains from mining industry, shieling (fäbodar, in Swedish) and old settlements of Finnish farmers are mixed with ancient graves, croft settlements, and tar– and coal-mills and so on... Värmland is also well-known for its literature, poems, music and story-tellers, much of which has been inspired by the deep and dark coniferous forests and the light and open broadleaf forest. Some of the most famous Swedish authors and poets were born in Värmland. Selma Lagerlöf, who has given her name to this conference hotel, was rewarded the Nobel Prize in literature in 1940. Her works have been translated to many foreign languages. The poet Gustaf Fröding is considered to be one of the greatest poets of all times in Sweden. His way of using words and language was so brilliant that it has been impossible to translate most of his poems to other languages. Concerning the cultural heritage of the forest many important initiatives have been taken by the Regional Forestry Board here in Värmland. Most important so far is the Forest & History inventory project which has developed into a broad and successful cultural project on a national level. Värmland and Sunne certainly is the right place for our seminar! 7 OPENING ADDRESS SSwedenweden – a ppronouncedronounced fforestorest ccountryountry The Swedish forests cover an area of about 27 million hectares. That is 67% of the total land-cover and makes Sweden the forest-richest country in Europe. Forest resources played a fundamental role in the process of making Sweden an industrialised co- untry in the late 19th century. And the importance has been big ever since. In 2002 the net income from forest products was 88 billion Swedish crowns, or 8.6 billion Euros. Our forests also play an important social role in our society.