Active Measures: Then and Now
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Using Subversion to Create Multiple
Eastern Illinois University The Keep Masters Theses Student Theses & Publications 2004 Subsemy: Using Subversion to Create Multiple Meanings in Rhetorical Texts Kane Madison Click Eastern Illinois University This research is a product of the graduate program in Communication Studies at Eastern Illinois University. Find out more about the program. Recommended Citation Click, Kane Madison, "Subsemy: Using Subversion to Create Multiple Meanings in Rhetorical Texts" (2004). Masters Theses. 1385. https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1385 This is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Theses & Publications at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THESIS REPRODUCTION CERTIFICATE TO: Graduate Degree Candidates (who have written formal theses) SUBJECT: Permission to Reproduce Theses The University Library is receiving a number of request from other institutions asking permission to reproduce dissertations for inclusion in their library holdings. Although no copyright laws are involved, we feel that professional courtesy demands that permission be obtained from the author before we allow these to be copied. PLEASE SIGN ONE OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS: Booth Library of Eastern Illinois University has my permission to lend my thesis to a reputable college or university for the purpose of copying it for inclusion in that institution's library or research holdings. a1~010'-I Date I respectfully request Booth Library of Eastern Illinois University NOT allow my thesis to be reproduced because: Author's Signature Date This form must be submitted in duplicate. Subsemy: Using subversion to create multiple meanings in rhetorical texts. -
Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference by Fletcher Schoen and Christopher J
STRATEGIC PERSPECTIVES 11 Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference by Fletcher Schoen and Christopher J. Lamb Center for Strategic Research Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University The Institute for National Strategic Studies (INSS) is National Defense University’s (NDU’s) dedicated research arm. INSS includes the Center for Strategic Research, Center for Complex Operations, Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs, Center for Technology and National Security Policy, Center for Transatlantic Security Studies, and Conflict Records Research Center. The military and civilian analysts and staff who comprise INSS and its subcomponents execute their mission by conducting research and analysis, publishing, and participating in conferences, policy support, and outreach. The mission of INSS is to conduct strategic studies for the Secretary of Defense, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Unified Combatant Commands in support of the academic programs at NDU and to perform outreach to other U.S. Government agencies and the broader national security community. Cover: Kathleen Bailey presents evidence of forgeries to the press corps. Credit: The Washington Times Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference By Fletcher Schoen and Christopher J. Lamb Institute for National Strategic Studies Strategic Perspectives, No. 11 Series Editor: Nicholas Rostow National Defense University Press Washington, D.C. June 2012 Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the contributors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Defense Department or any other agency of the Federal Government. -
301017 Jigsaw Soviet Subversion Disinformation and Propaganda EXEC SUMMARY
Soviet Subversion, Disinformation and Propaganda: How the West Fought Against it An Analytic History, with Lessons for the Present Executive Summary Nicholas J. Cull, Vasily Gatov, Peter Pomerantsev, Anne Applebaum and Alistair Shawcross October 2017 This research was conducted by members of the LSE Institute of Global Affairs and external partners. The work was commissioned via LSE Consulting which was set up by the London School of Economics and Political Science to enable and facilitate the application of its academic expertise and intellectual resources. LSE Consulting LSE Enterprise Limited London School of Economics and Political Science Houghton Street London WC2A 2AE (T) +44 (0)20 7955 7128 (E) [email protected] (W) lse.ac.uk/consultancy Executive Summary What were Soviet influence and disinformation campaigns? What did the West do about them? This study answers these questions, explaining the Cold War strategies followed by the USSR, as well as the Western response. The full report contains eleven case studies, each one examining a counter-disinformation and counter-propaganda tactic in depth, with comments on the relevance of that tactic today. Here is a brief precis of each one of them. What Were Soviet Active Measures? The term “Active Measures’ came into use in the USSR in the 1950s to describe overt and covert techniques for influencing events and behaviour in foreign countries. Disinformation – the intentional dissemination of false information - is just one of many elements that made up active measures operations. Others included: Front Organisations: These were nominally independent groups which supported Soviet policies or policies conducive to the USSR, such as unilateral nuclear disarmament. -
How the Kremlin Weaponizes Information, Culture and Money by Peter Pomerantsev and Michael Weiss
The Menace of Unreality: How the Kremlin Weaponizes Information, Culture and Money by Peter Pomerantsev and Michael Weiss A Special Report presented by The Interpreter, a project of the Institute of Modern Russia imrussia.org interpretermag.com The Institute of Modern Russia (IMR) is a nonprofit, nonpartisan public policy organization—a think tank based in New York. IMR’s mission is to foster democratic and economic development in Russia through research, advocacy, public events, and grant-making. We are committed to strengthening respect for human rights, the rule of law, and civil society in Russia. Our goal is to promote a principles- based approach to US-Russia relations and Russia’s integration into the community of democracies. The Interpreter is a daily online journal dedicated primarily to translating media from the Russian press and blogosphere into English and reporting on events inside Russia and in countries directly impacted by Russia’s foreign policy. Conceived as a kind of “Inopressa in reverse,” The Interpreter aspires to dismantle the language barrier that separates journalists, Russia analysts, policymakers, diplomats and interested laymen in the English-speaking world from the debates, scandals, intrigues and political developments taking place in the Russian Federation. CONTENTS Introductions ...................................................................... 4 Executive Summary ........................................................... 6 Background ........................................................................ -
British Anti-Communist Propaganda and Cooperation with the United States, 1945-1951. Andrew Defty
British anti-communist propaganda and cooperation with the United States, 1945-1951. Andrew Defty European Studies Research Institute School of English, Sociology, Politics and Contemporary History University of Salford Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, January 2002 British anti-communist propaganda and cooperation with the United States, 1945-1951 Contents Acknowledgements................................................................................................. .......ii Abbreviations.................................................................................................................iii Abstract..........................................................................................................................iv Introduction....................................................................................................................! Chapter 1 The Origins of Britain's anti-communist propaganda policy 1945-1947.............................28 Chapter 2 Launching the new propaganda policy, 1948.....................................................................74 Chapter 3 Building a concerted counter-offensive: cooperation with other powers, 1948-1950 ........123 Chapter 4 'Close and continuous liaison': British and American cooperation, 1950-1951 .................162 Conclusion .....................................................................................................................216 Notes Introduction .........................................................................................................226 -
Peter Pomerantsev. This Is Not Propaganda: Adventures in the War Against Reality
Peter Pomerantsev. This Is Not Propaganda: Adventures in the War Against Reality. New York: Public Affairs, 2019. Reviewed by: Mariia Shuvalova Source: Kyiv-Mohyla Humanities Journal 7 (2020): 263–265 Published by: National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy http://kmhj.ukma.edu.ua/ Peter Pomerantsev This In Not Propaganda: Adventures in the War Against Reality New York: Public Affairs, 2019. 236 pp. ISBN 978-1-5417-6211-4 Reviewed by Mariia Shuvalova This Is Not Propaganda: Adventures in the War Against Reality, beginning with a scene on an Odesa beach and ending with rethinking the history of Chernivtsi, received much attention when published. The book was reviewed in The Guardian, The New York Times, The Economist, The Financial Times, The Irish Times, The Telegraph, Foreign Affairs, The London School of Economics Book Review, and The Los Angeles Review of Books. In the period of a year the book was translated into Ukrainian, Estonian, and Spanish. A trigger for public attention is the book’s topic. The author investigates information campaigns aiming to reduce, suppress, or crash democratic processes in the contemporary world. Although this topic has been broadly discussed, the book is distinguished by an insider’s perspective, its style, and its intention to grasp the large-scale phenomena behind the information wars. Propaganda and censorship are intertwined with the author’s personal and professional life. Kyiv- born Peter Pomerantsev currently lives in London. His family, repeatedly persecuted by the Soviet government, moved to Germany in the late 1970s, then to the UK. Pomerantsev worked in the media sphere for almost 20 years, including a decade of producing TV shows and broadcast programs in Moscow. -
Covert Networks a Comparative Study Of
COVERT NETWORKS A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INTELLIGENCE TECHNIQUES USED BY FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE AGENCIES TO WEAPONIZE SOCIAL MEDIA by Sarah Ogar A thesis submitted to Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Baltimore, Maryland December 2019 2019 Sarah Ogar All Rights Reserved Abstract From the Bolshevik Revolution to the Brexit Vote, the covert world of intelligence has attempted to influence global events with varying degrees of success. In 2016, one of the most brazen manifestations of Russian intelligence operations was directed against millions of Americans when they voted to elect a new president. Although this was not the first time that Russia attempted to influence an American presidential election, it was undoubtedly the largest attempt in terms of its scope and the most publicized to date. Although much discussion has followed the 2016 election, there have not been much concerted historical analysis which situates the events of 2016 within the global timeline of foreign intelligence collection. This paper argues that the onset of social media has altered intelligence collection in terms of its form, but not in terms of its essence. Using the case study method, this paper illustrates how three different nations apply classical intelligence techniques to the modern environment of social media. This paper examines how China has utilized classical agent recruitment techniques through sites like LinkedIn, how Iran has used classical honey trap techniques through a combination of social media sites, and how Russia has employed the classical tactics of kompromat, forgery, agents of influence and front groups in its modern covert influence campaigns. -
City, University of London Institutional Repository
City Research Online City, University of London Institutional Repository Citation: Iosifidis, P. ORCID: 0000-0002-2096-219X and Nicoli, N. (2019). The battle to end fake news: A qualitative content analysis of Facebook announcements on how it combats disinformation. International Communication Gazette, doi: 10.1177/1748048519880729 This is the accepted version of the paper. This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link: https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/23017/ Link to published version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048519880729 Copyright: City Research Online aims to make research outputs of City, University of London available to a wider audience. Copyright and Moral Rights remain with the author(s) and/or copyright holders. URLs from City Research Online may be freely distributed and linked to. Reuse: Copies of full items can be used for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge. Provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. City Research Online: http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/ [email protected] The Battle to End Fake News: A Qualitative Content Analysis of Facebook Announcements on how it combats disinformation Petros Iosifidis (corresponding author) and Nicholas Nicoli Published online in International Communication Gazette, October 2019 Actual Publication in Issue 82, Number 1, February 2020. Accepted Version: ABSTRACT The recent spread of online disinformation has been profound and has played a central role in the growth of populist sentiments around the world. -
Propaganda Revisited: a Look at Current Practice in Russia and Egypt"
TRANSCRIPT "PROPAGANDA REVISITED: A LOOK AT CURRENT PRACTICE IN RUSSIA AND EGYPT" A Conversation With Rabab El Mahdi, Peter Pomerantsev, and Michael Weiss Moderator: Leonard Benardo ANNOUNCER: You are listening to a recording of the Open Society Foundations, working to build vibrant and tolerant democracies worldwide. Visit us at OpenSocietyFoundations.org. LEONARD BENARDO: We thought that we would have this brown bag as-- a conversation, rather than any formal presentations. And so I thought I would begin by maybe just turning first to-- to Michael and-- and Peter, and asking them very basically what is different today about propaganda as you read and interpret it, coming from the-- the-- the Russian context? Is there anything fundamentally different between disinformation today and disinformation from yesterday? PETER POMERANTSEV: Should I-- should I do my little thing first, then it'll be on tape? We-- we've been around the world doing-- I'm actually going to talk about something else today, because-- I think the argument’s moving on quite rapidly. I think that there's-- (UNINTEL)-- first what I want us to do is take a step back and see it within the context of Russia's grand strategy. So since around 2004, they've been-- their military thinking has been-- obsessed with the idea of asymmetrical. I mean, it's actually something they wrote about in the Soviet Times (?) already. But the idea of asymmetric war is essentially Russia is weaker than the West and can't TRANSCRIPT: PROPAGANDA REVISITED: A LOOK AT CURRENT PRACTICE IN RUSSIA AND EGYPT 2 take the West on militarily. -
The Politics of Everyday Subversion: Crisis, COVID-19, and Coming-Of-Age in Córdoba, Argentina
University of Mississippi eGrove Honors College (Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors Theses Honors College) Spring 4-19-2021 The Politics of Everyday Subversion: Crisis, COVID-19, and Coming-of-Age in Córdoba, Argentina Abby Flickinger Follow this and additional works at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis Recommended Citation Flickinger, Abby, "The Politics of Everyday Subversion: Crisis, COVID-19, and Coming-of-Age in Córdoba, Argentina" (2021). Honors Theses. 1897. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis/1897 This Undergraduate Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors College (Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College) at eGrove. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of eGrove. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Politics of Everyday Subversion: Crisis, COVID-19, and Coming-of-Age in Córdoba, Argentina © 2021 By Abby Flickinger A thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for completion of the Bachelor of Arts degree in International Studies Croft Institute for International Studies Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College The University of Mississippi University, Mississippi May 2021 Approved: _____________________________ Advisor: Dr. Marcos Mendoza _____________________________ Reader: Dr. Oliver Dinius _____________________________ Reader: Dr. Jesse Cromwell !2 © 2021 Abby Flickinger ALL RIGHTS RESERVED !3 Acknowledgements: I would first like to thank my parents for trusting my judgment and letting me stay in a foreign country during a global pandemic — the dice roll paid off. Thank you to my cohort for being an ear to listen and shoulder to cry on, even from 5,000 miles away. A special thanks to Ben for being my voice of reason for the past four years, I never would have made it without you. -
Active Measures: the Secret History of Disinformation & Political
Active Measures: The Secret History of Disinformation & Political Warfare | Thomas Rid Philosophers have only interpreted the world. The point, May 25th, 2020 however, is to change it. — Karl Marx INTRODUCTION Thomas Rid is Professor of Strategic Studies at Johns Hopkins University’s School of Advanced International Studies. Rid’s latest book, Active Measures, a startling history of disinformation, was published in late April 2020 with Farrar, Straus and Giroux (also in Russian, Japanese, Polish). His most recent book, Rise of the Machines (2016), tells the sweeping story of how cybernetics, a late- 1940s theory of machines, came to incite anarchy and war (also in Chinese, Russian, German, Japanese, Turkish). His 2015 article “Attributing Cyber Attacks” was designed to explain, guide, and improve the identification of network breaches (Journal of Strategic Studies 2015). In 2013 he published the widely-read book Cyber War Will Not Take Place. Rid’s Ph.D. thesis, “War and Media Operations: The US Military and the Press from Vietnam to Iraq,” was the first academic analysis of the role of embedded media in the 2003 Iraq War, providing a concise history of US military public affairs management since Vietnam. Rid testified on information security in front of the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Intelligence as well as in the German Bundestag and the UK Parliament. From 2011 to 2016, Rid was a professor in the Department of War Studies at King’s College London. Between 2003 and 2010, he worked at major think tanks in Berlin, Paris, Jerusalem, and Washington, DC. Rid holds a PhD from Humboldt University in Berlin. -
'Krym Nash': an Analysis of Modern Russian Deception Warfare
‘Krym Nash’: An Analysis of Modern Russian Deception Warfare ‘De Krim is van ons’ Een analyse van hedendaagse Russische wijze van oorlogvoeren – inmenging door misleiding (met een samenvatting in het Nederlands) Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit Utrecht op gezag van de rector magnificus, prof. dr. H.R.B.M. Kummeling, ingevolge het besluit van het college voor promoties in het openbaar te verdedigen op woensdag 16 december 2020 des middags te 12.45 uur door Albert Johan Hendrik Bouwmeester geboren op 25 mei 1962 te Enschede Promotoren: Prof. dr. B.G.J. de Graaff Prof. dr. P.A.L. Ducheine Dit proefschrift werd mede mogelijk gemaakt met financiële steun van het ministerie van Defensie. ii Table of contents Table of contents .................................................................................................. iii List of abbreviations ............................................................................................ vii Abbreviations and Acronyms ........................................................................................................................... vii Country codes .................................................................................................................................................... ix American State Codes ....................................................................................................................................... ix List of figures ......................................................................................................