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Opposition Party Mobilization in South Africa's Dominant
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Eroding Dominance from Below: Opposition Party Mobilization in South Africa’s Dominant Party System A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science by Safia Abukar Farole 2019 © Copyright by Safia Abukar Farole 2019 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Eroding Dominance from Below: Opposition Party Mobilization in South Africa’s Dominant Party System by Safia Abukar Farole Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science University of California, Los Angeles, 2019 Professor Kathleen Bawn, Chair In countries ruled by a single party for a long period of time, how does political opposition to the ruling party grow? In this dissertation, I study the growth in support for the Democratic Alliance (DA) party, which is the largest opposition party in South Africa. South Africa is a case of democratic dominant party rule, a party system in which fair but uncompetitive elections are held. I argue that opposition party growth in dominant party systems is explained by the strategies that opposition parties adopt in local government and the factors that shape political competition in local politics. I argue that opposition parties can use time spent in local government to expand beyond their base by delivering services effectively and outperforming the ruling party. I also argue that performance in subnational political office helps opposition parties build a reputation for good governance, which is appealing to ruling party ii. supporters who are looking for an alternative. Finally, I argue that opposition parties use candidate nominations for local elections as a means to appeal to constituents that are vital to the ruling party’s coalition. -
The Referendum in FW De Klerk's War of Manoeuvre
The referendum in F.W. de Klerk’s war of manoeuvre: An historical institutionalist account of the 1992 referendum. Gary Sussman. London School of Economics and Political Science. Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Government and International History, 2003 UMI Number: U615725 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U615725 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 T h e s e s . F 35 SS . Library British Library of Political and Economic Science Abstract: This study presents an original effort to explain referendum use through political science institutionalism and contributes to both the comparative referendum and institutionalist literatures, and to the political history of South Africa. Its source materials are numerous archival collections, newspapers and over 40 personal interviews. This study addresses two questions relating to F.W. de Klerk's use of the referendum mechanism in 1992. The first is why he used the mechanism, highlighting its role in the context of the early stages of his quest for a managed transition. -
Politics and the Media in Southern Africa I
Politics and the Media in Southern Africa I. Media and Politics: The Role of the Media in Promoting Democracy and Good Governance 21–23 September 1999 Safari Court Hotel Windhoek, Namibia II. Konrad Adenauer Foundation Journalism Workshop: the Media in Southern Africa 10–12 September 1999 River Side Hotel Durban, South Africa Table of Contents Introduction 5 I. MEDIA AND POLITICS: THE ROLE OF THE MEDIA IN PROMOTING DEMOCRACY AND GOOD GOVERNANCE Opening Remarks 9 Michael Schlicht, Regional Representative, Central and Southern Africa, Konrad Adenauer Foundation (KAF) Opening Address 11 Ben Amathila, Minister of Information and Broadcasting, Namibia Obstacles and Challenges Facing the Media in: • KENYA 15 Henry Owuor, Nation Newspapers, Nairobi • MALAWI 17 Peter Kumwenda, Editor, The Champion, Lilongwe • SOUTH AFRICA 21 Xolisa Vapi, Political Reporter, The Independent on Saturday, Durban • TANZANIA 27 Matilda Kasanga, The Guardian Limited, Dar-es-Salaam • UGANDA 33 Tom Gawaya-Tegulle, The New Vision, Kampala • ZAMBIA 41 Masautso Phiri, Zambia Independent Media Association, Lusaka • ZIMBABWE 53 Davison S. Maruziva, The Daily News, Harare The Media and Ethics 55 Pushpa A. Jamieson, The Chronicle, Lilongwe, Malawi 3 Table of Contents The Media and Elections 59 Raymond Louw, Editor and Publisher, Southern Africa Report Investigative Journalism: the Police Perspective 65 Martin S. Simbi, Principal, Police Staff College, Zimbabwe Republic Police Seminar Programme 69 Seminar Participants’ List 71 II. KONRAD ADENAUER FOUNDATION JOURNALISM WORKSHOP: -
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project STEVE McDONALD Interviewed by: Dan Whitman Initial Interview Date: August 17, 2011 Copyright 2018 ADST TABLE OF CONTENTS Education MA, South African Policy Studies, University of London 1975 Joined Foreign Service 1975 Washington, DC 1975 Desk Officer for Portuguese African Colonies Pretoria, South Africa 1976-1979 Political Officer -- Black Affairs Retired from the Foreign Service 1980 Professor at Drury College in Missouri 1980-1982 Consultant, Ford Foundation’s Study 1980-1982 “South Africa: Time Running Out” Head of U.S. South Africa Leadership Exchange Program 1982-1987 Managed South Africa Policy Forum at the Aspen Institute 1987-1992 Worked for African American Institute 1992-2002 Consultant for the Wilson Center 2002-2008 Consulting Director at Wilson Center 2009-2013 INTERVIEW Q: Here we go. This is Dan Whitman interviewing Steve McDonald at the Wilson Center in downtown Washington. It is August 17. Steve McDonald, you are about to correct me the head of the Africa section… McDONALD: Well the head of the Africa program and the project on leadership and building state capacity at the Woodrow Wilson international center for scholars. 1 Q: That is easy for you to say. Thank you for getting that on the record, and it will be in the transcript. In the Wilson Center many would say the prime research center on the East Coast. McDONALD: I think it is true. It is a think tank a research and academic body that has approximately 150 fellows annually from all over the world looking at policy issues. -
A History of the Progressive Federal Party, 1981 - 1989
STRUCTURAL CRISIS AND LIBERALISM: A HISTORY OF THE PROGRESSIVE FEDERAL PARTY, 1981 - 1989 DAVID SHANDLER Dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Economic History, Faculty of Arts, University of Cape Town, January 1991 The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgement of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes only. Published by the University of Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. .ABSTRACT Whereas an extensive literature has developed on the broad conditions of crisis in South Africa in the seventies and eighties, and on the dynamic of state and popular responses to it, little focus has fallen .on the reactions . of the other key elements among the dominating classes. It is the aim of this dissertation to attempt to address an aspect of this lacuna by focussing on the Progressive Federal Party's responses from 1981 until 1989. The thesis develops an understanding of the period as one entailing conditions of organ.le crisis. It attempts to show the PFP' s behaviour in the context of structural and conjunctural crises. The thesis periodises the Party's policy and strategic responses and makes an effort to show its contradictory nature. An effort is made to understand this contradictory character in terms of the party's class location with respect to the white dominating classes and leading elements within it; in relation to the black dominated classes; as well as in terms of the liberal tradition within which the Party operated. -
We Were Cut Off from the Comprehension of Our Surroundings
Black Peril, White Fear – Representations of Violence and Race in South Africa’s English Press, 1976-2002, and Their Influence on Public Opinion Inauguraldissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät der Universität zu Köln vorgelegt von Christine Ullmann Institut für Völkerkunde Universität zu Köln Köln, Mai 2005 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The work presented here is the result of years of research, writing, re-writing and editing. It was a long time in the making, and may not have been completed at all had it not been for the support of a great number of people, all of whom have my deep appreciation. In particular, I would like to thank Prof. Dr. Michael Bollig, Prof. Dr. Richard Janney, Dr. Melanie Moll, Professor Keyan Tomaselli, Professor Ruth Teer-Tomaselli, and Prof. Dr. Teun A. van Dijk for their help, encouragement, and constructive criticism. My special thanks to Dr Petr Skalník for his unflinching support and encouraging supervision, and to Mark Loftus for his proof-reading and help with all language issues. I am equally grateful to all who welcomed me to South Africa and dedicated their time, knowledge and effort to helping me. The warmth and support I received was incredible. Special thanks to the Burch family for their help settling in, and my dear friend in George for showing me the nature of determination. Finally, without the unstinting support of my two colleagues, Angelika Kitzmantel and Silke Olig, and the moral and financial backing of my family, I would surely have despaired. Thank you all for being there for me. We were cut off from the comprehension of our surroundings; we glided past like phantoms, wondering and secretly appalled, as sane men would be before an enthusiastic outbreak in a madhouse. -
Colin Eglin, the Progressive Federal Party and the Leadership of the Official Parliamentary Opposition, 1977‑1979 and 1986‑1987
Journal for Contemporary History 40(1) / Joernaal vir Eietydse Geskiedenis 40(1): 1‑22 © UV/UFS • ISSN 0285‑2422 “ONE OF THE ARCHITECTS OF OUR DEMOCRACY”: COLIN EGLIN, THE PROGRESSIVE FEDERAL PARTY AND THE LEADERSHIP OF THE OFFICIAL PARLIAMENTARY OPPOSITION, 1977‑1979 AND 1986‑1987 FA Mouton1 Abstract The political career of Colin Eglin, leader of the Progressive Federal Party (PFP) and the official parliamentary opposition between 1977‑1979 and 1986‑1987, is proof that personality matters in politics and can make a difference. Without his driving will and dogged commitment to the principles of liberalism, especially his willingness to fight on when all seemed lost for liberalism in the apartheid state, the Progressive Party would have floundered. He led the Progressives out of the political wilderness in 1974, turned the PFP into the official opposition in 1977, and picked up the pieces after Frederik van Zyl Slabbert’s dramatic resignation as party leader in February 1986. As leader of the parliamentary opposition, despite the hounding of the National Party, he kept liberal democratic values alive, especially the ideal of incremental political change. Nelson Mandela described him as, “one of the architects of our democracy”. Keywords: Colin Eglin; Progressive Party; Progressive Federal Party; liberalism; apartheid; National Party; Frederik van Zyl Slabbert; leader of the official parliamentary opposition. Sleutelwoorde: Colin Eglin; Progressiewe Party; Progressiewe Federale Party; liberalisme; apartheid; Nasionale Party; Frederik van Zyl Slabbert; leier van die amptelike parlementêre opposisie. 1. INTRODUCTION The National Party (NP) dominated parliamentary politics in the apartheid state as it convinced the majority of the white electorate that apartheid, despite the destruction of the rule of law, was a just and moral policy – a final solution for the racial situation in the country. -
CRI11CAL ARTS a Journal Ipr Media Studies CRITICAL ARTS
CRI11CAL ARTS A Journal ipr Media Studies CRITICAL ARTS Editor Keyan G Tomaselli Consulting Editors Organizers Susan Gardner Durban: Mike Vaughan Joe Muller Oxford: Shaun Johnson Ian Steadman Sao Paulo: Ismail Xavier Ruth Tomaselli USA East Coast: Peter Davis Harriet Gavshon USA West Coast: David Mesenbring Editorial Board Business Manager Eve Bertelsen Neale Ferguson Tim Couzens Graham Hayman David Maughan Brown Robert Stam Published by: Distributed by: Critical Arts Study Group Critical Arts Study Group Printed by Central Printing Unit Rhodes University University of the Witwatersrand P O Box 94 I Jan Smuts Avenue Grahamstown 6140 2(H)1 Johannesburg, South Africa South Africa Copyright is vested with Editors ami individual authors. Contents Vol Z No 3 198 2 Notes on Contributors ii Editorial iii Preface: The National Press Union and the Steyn Commission: Getting the Press to do its Own Dirty Work -- Irvin Manoim iv MAJOR ARTICLES 'How to Set Your House in Order1: Read All About it in Steyn Commission II -- Keyan Tomaselli & Ruth Tomaselli 1 Soviets and Surrogates: Black Nationalism and the Steyn Commission -- Tom Lodge 23 BIBLIOGRAPHY The Steyn Commissions: An Annotated Bibliography Abner Jack 29 CONFERENCE REPORT Class, Race or Culture: Kho is the Enemy? The Botswana "Culture and Resistance" Conference -- Graham Hayman 33 INTERCHANGE Breaker Uorant: A Response -- Peter Strauss 49 Breaker Morant: Missing the Point? -- MM Carlin 51 Breaker Moranv and Questions of Interpretation and Critical Strategy: A Reply to MM Carlin and Peter Strauss -
Only Workers' Rule Can Replace Apartheid Dictatorship !
YA BASEBENZI Journal of the Marxist Workers' Tendency of the African National Congress No. 7 August 1982 Price 50c Only workers' rule can replace apartheid dictatorship ! : Only workers' rule can replace YA BASEBENZI lapartheid dictatorship The President's Council, and ihe posing unease and suspicion capitalists because "the only way olher constitutional changes now towards Ihe intentions of Ihe by which they could secure their being put forward by the govern regime. material interests, their social ment, are being hailed by the The old ways of ruling have fail power and the suppression of the capitalist press as "epoch- ed to stem the tide of black proletarian revolution was to ac making" reforms. Bui, as one resistance. The President's Council cept someone who pretends to worker put it, "dis maar nog net proposals are a pathetic attempt of stand above the contending weer 'n bieljie jam in die mond." the capitalists (o find a new way to classes.'* (Rand Daily Mail These changes offer nothing of rule. But this frantic altempl to 19/5/1982) value lo the working masses. divide the people by seeking the Increasingly the SA capitalists We want a democratic govern collaboration of Indian and Col are forced to place their hopes for ment of the working people, able oured sections of the tiny and weak survival in such a Bonapartist to end poverty wages, the pass middle class is doomed. regime—a regime relying on laws, racial humiliation, and all The middle class also can see bayonets, while manoeuvering and the other tortures of apar that "representation" is being of balancing between the pressures theid—made heavier every day by fered in a "parliament" whose of the opposing classes—attemp the economic crisis. -
Interlib 2013 04Ii
2013 no.4 £5.00 (free to members) “The crowd was in a festive mood. This was the day they had been waiting for, but never dared believe would dawn. Eventually the doors opened and Mandela, with his wife Winnie at his side, stepped out, a free man. The cheers of the crowd were interspersed with cries of ‘Viva Mandela’ and ‘Amandla’ as a smiling Nelson and Winnie, with clenched fists aloft, walked down the road and away from prison.” Crossing the Borders of Power, the memoirs of Colin Eglin EVENTS CONTENTS 13th January LIBG executive meeting. Lawrence Nelson Mandela, a memoir. David Steel Pages 3-4 Robson Room, NLC. 7.00pm 25th February Diplomatic Reception, NLC 6.00- Colin Eglin: Liberal Statesman. Tony Leon Pages 5-6 8.00pm tickets £25.00 from the Chair (below) 3rd March LIBG executive meeting. Lawrence Robson A Tribute to Colin Eglin. Peter Soal Pages 6 – 7 Room, NLC. 7.00pm The View from Ankara. Dr Turhan Ozen Pages 8-10 8th-10th March Liberal Democrats Spring Conference, York Contradictions of Palestine. Janice Gupta 15th-17th March Scottish Liberal Democrats Spring Gwilliam Pages 10-11 Conference, Dundee 24th-27th April LI Congress, Amsterdam. Reviews. Page 12 19th-21st April Democratiaid Rhyddfrydol Cymru (Welsh Liberal Democrats) Spring Conference, Cardiff 2nd June LIBG executive meeting. Lawrence Robson Room, NLC. 7.00pm Photo credits: Cover: Tina Hirsch (from Colin Eglin’s 7th July LIBG AGM autobiography Crossing the Borders of Power – 14th –18th September Liberal Democrats Autumn Jonathan Ball Publishers, Johannesburg, 2007). Conference, Glasgow Others by Stewart Rayment & the Helen Suzman XXth October 129thLiberal Party Assembly, Friends Foundation. -
Professional Historians and Political Biography of South African Parliamentary Politics, 1910-1990
“THE GOOD, THE BAD AND THE UGLY”: PROFESSIONAL HISTORIANS AND POLITICAL BIOGRAPHY OF SOUTH AFRICAN PARLIAMENTARY POLITICS, 1910-1990 FA Mouton1 Abstract Biography strengthens the historian’s attempts to decipher the behaviour of individuals and also provides a historical window on a certain era, contributing to our knowledge and understanding of the past. Biographical studies of those who were involved in parliamentary politics between 1910 and 1990, the prime ministers, presidents, cabinet ministers, party leaders, humble backbenchers and unsuccessful parliamentary candidates can help to explain why the white minority, after decades of acquiescing the abuse of South Africa’s limited democratic tradition, decided to peacefully surrender its political power. And yet, despite the proven value of political biography in the United States and Britain, the library shelves of South African universities are bare of biographies on pre-1990 parliamentary politicians by professional historians. This article explains the reasons for this dearth of biographies, as well as the reasons why it is essential for professional historians to write them and concludes with a recommendation on how such biographies should be written. 1. INTRODUCTION By deciphering the behaviour of individuals, providing in the process a historical window on societies of the past, the historian as biographer plays a crucial role to convey knowledge and understanding of our history to the reading public. Biographical studies of the lives and careers of parliamentary politicians between 1910 and 1990 are for example essential to comprehend South African history in the twentieth century. And yet, despite the internationally proven value of biography, the library shelves of South African universities are bare of biographies by professional historians on pre-1990 parliamentary history. -
Faces of Africa: Diversity and Progress; Repression and Struggle, Report of Special Study Missions to Africa
Faces of Africa: Diversity and Progress; Repression and Struggle, Report of Special Study Missions to Africa http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.uscg006 Use of the Aluka digital library is subject to Aluka’s Terms and Conditions, available at http://www.aluka.org/page/about/termsConditions.jsp. By using Aluka, you agree that you have read and will abide by the Terms and Conditions. Among other things, the Terms and Conditions provide that the content in the Aluka digital library is only for personal, non-commercial use by authorized users of Aluka in connection with research, scholarship, and education. The content in the Aluka digital library is subject to copyright, with the exception of certain governmental works and very old materials that may be in the public domain under applicable law. Permission must be sought from Aluka and/or the applicable copyright holder in connection with any duplication or distribution of these materials where required by applicable law. Aluka is a not-for-profit initiative dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of materials about and from the developing world. For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org Faces of Africa: Diversity and Progress; Repression and Struggle, Report of Special Study Missions to Africa Alternative title Report of Special Study Missions to Africa Author/Creator Special Study Mission; Committee on Foreign Affairs; House of Representatives Publisher U.S. Government Printing Office Date 1972-09-21 Resource type Hearings Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) Africa (region), United States, South Africa, Zambia, Botswana, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde Coverage (temporal) 1971 - 1972 Source Congressional Hearings and Mission Reports: U.S.