ContentsContents 2 PROFILES
5 ANALYSIS
8 AUBREY MATSHIQI: Senior Associate Political Analyst at the Centre for Policy Studies
14 SIPHO SEEPE: Academic Director of Henley Management College, Southern Africa
20 STEVEN FRIEDMAN: Research Associate, IDASA and Visiting Professor of Politics and International Relations at Rhodes University
28 XOLELA MANGCU: Visiting Fellow, Public Intellectual Life Project and Resident Equity Scholar at the University of the Witwatersrand
32 RICHARD CALLAND: Executive Director of the Open Democracy Advice Centre (ODAC)
36 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
42 MEDIA COVERAGE
44 RELEVANT ARTICLES
This Quarterly Roundtable Series monograph is published by The Helen Suzman Foundation Board of Trustees: Hylton Appelbaum, Wendy Appelbaum, Doug Band, Colin Eglin, Rachel Jafta, Patricia de Lille, Temba Nolutshungu, Sipho Seepe, Mary Slack, Richard Steyn and David Unterhalter Director and Editor-in-Chief: Raenette Taljaard Managing Editor: Gill Murray Editorial Board: Wendy Appelbaum, Gillian Godsell, William M Gumede, Raymond Louw, Howard Preece, Lawrence Schlemmer, Sipho Seepe, Mary Slack, Alfred Stadler and Richard Steyn Cover picture: © Marianne Houtkamp/ Vazquez Art: The Helen Suzman Foundation is grateful to Vazquez Art for allowing us to use this wonderful image Design & Layout: DeskLink™ Media Printers: Colorpress (Pty) Ltd Cartoons: The Helen Suzman Foundation is grateful to Zapiro for allowing us to reprint so many of his cartoons Business Day: The Helen Suzman Foundation is grateful to the Business Day for allowing us to reprint their articles
1 © Arnold Pronto © Leon Sadiki Aubrey Matshiqi Sipho Seepe
Aubrey Mongameli Matshiqi was born in Professor Sipho Seepe is the Academic Director of November 1962, in Orlando West, Soweto. Henley Management College, Southern Africa.
He is a former mathematics, science and English Prior to this appointment he was the Acting Vice- teacher. Towards the end of his teaching career Chancellor of Vista University. He joined Vista he obtained a degree in English literature and University following a stint at the University of history. He started his Masters in politics with Venda where he established a Mathematics & the University of Port Elizabeth in 2000 but Science Education department. could not complete it. sipho seepe Seepe was involved in a number of research He is a former government spokesperson and a capacity-building initiatives among the member of the Strategy Unit in the Premier's historically disadvantaged education Office in Gauteng. institutions. He was a member of the Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC) research He was, until recently, an independent political panel tasked with the evaluation of team analyst and is now a Senior Associate Political research on historically advantaged and Analyst at the Centre for Policy Studies. disadvantaged institutions, and was also involved in a project promoting African His services as an analyst are used by local scholarship, pioneered by the South African and international media, government, political Association for Academic Development. parties, policy institutes, academic institutions, foreign embassies and the corporate sector. He was a columnist and an associate political He writes regularly for various publications editor of the Mail & Guardian and a recipient of the (including a column in the Business Day) and often prestigious Fulbright South African Researcher addresses seminars and conferences. Grant and Harvard South Africa Fellowship. steven friedman
Heaubrey was matshiqi previously involved in leadership and He has written extensively on matters of public other capacities in the UDF, the ANC, Umkhonto interest, from politics, culture, affirmative weSizwe, the student movement (AZASO), the action and education, to matters relating to the civic movement, the union movement and the transformation of society and institutions. South African Communist Party.
2 © Leon Sadiki © Arnold Pronto Steven Friedman Xolela Mangcu
Steven Friedman is a research associate, Institute Dr Xolela Mangcu is a Visiting Fellow at the for Democracy in South Africa (Idasa) and Public Intellectual Life Project and a Resident Visiting Professor of Politics and International Equity Scholar at the University of the Relations at Rhodes University. Witwatersrand. He is Visiting WEB Du Bois Fellow at Harvard University and writes a regular Prior to that he was senior research fellow at the weekly column for Business Day. Dr Mangcu was Centre for Policy Studies, an independent, non- most recently Distinguished Research Fellow profit, policy research centre. and Executive Director for Society, Culture and Identity at the Human Sciences Research Council. He is a former consultant on urban politics to the Prior to that he served as the Executive Director Urbanisation Unit of the Urban Foundation and of the Steve Biko Foundation; Associate Editor to the Development Bank of Southern Africa. and columnist for the Sunday Independent, and a Senior Analyst at the Centre for Policy Studies in He was national head of the Information Analysis Johannesburg. Department of the Independent Electoral Commission and a member of the Commission on Dr Mangcu holds a Ph.D in City Planning from Provincial Government think-tank which explored Cornell University, and has held fellowships constitutional options relevant to provincial at Harvard University, the Massachusetts government. Institute of Technology, and the Rockefeller Foundation in New York. He also holds BA and He is a member of the international research MSc (Development Planning) degrees from the council, International Forum for Democratic University of the Witwatersrand (Wits). Studies, Washington DC, and is an editorial board member of the Journal of Democracy. His publications include the Meaning of Mandela
(a collectionxolela mangcu of public lectures by Wole Soyinka,
Friedmansteven friedman publishes widely. Henry Louis Gates Jr and Cornel West), and Emerging Johannesburg (with Richard Tomlinson, Robert Beauregard and Lindsay Bremner).
3 © Leon Sadiki © The Helen Suzman Foundation Richard Calland Raenette Taljaard
Richard Calland is the Executive Director of the Raenette Taljaard is the director of The Helen Open Democracy Advice Centre (ODAC) in Cape Suzman Foundation. Taljaard, a former DA MP, Town and a founding member of the law centre, served as Shadow Minister of Finance from 2002 formed in 2000. He is also head of the Right to and was a member of the Portfolio Committee Know programme at the democracy think-tank, on Finance. She also served on numerous Idasa. other parliamentary committees, including the Standing Committee on Public Accounts during Prior to joining Idasa in 1995, he practiced law the arms deal investigation. at the London Bar for seven years, specialising in employment and administrative law. Taljaard lectures part-time at the University of the Witwatersrand’s School of Public and He holds postgraduate degrees in world politics Development Management and locally and and comparative constitutional law (LLM) abroad on the regulation of private military and from the London School of Economics and the security companies. University of Cape Town respectively. Taljaard is a Yale World Fellow, a Fellow of the In recent years he has advised several Emerging Leaders Programme of the Centre for governments on their anti-corruption law Leadership and Public Values (UCT’s Graduate and policy and he is a member of Professor School of Business and Duke University) and Joseph Stiglitz's International Task Team a Young Global Leader of the World Economic on Transparency, focusing on private sector Forum. raenette taljard accountability. Taljaard holds a BA in Law, RAU (University of He is the co-editor of Whistleblowing Around the Johannesburg), a BA (Hons) in Political Science, World: Law, Culture and Practice. He has published cum laude, RAU (University of Johannesburg), extensively and is a columnist for the Mail & an MA in Political Science, cum laude, RAU Guardian
richard callandnewspaper. (University of Johannesburg) and an MSc in Public Administration and Public Policy, cum laude, His most recent book, Anatomy of South Africa: London School of Economics and Political Science. Who Holds the Power?, was published in October 2006. Taljaard publishes widely.
4 The impact of political culture and traditions on democratic institutions and the consolidation of democracy AnalysisAnalysis We welcome all of you at the first of phase in the evolution of South Africa’s what will in future be the Quarterly contemporary history. The various Roundtable Series of The Helen Suzman political forces in our country were all Foundation. We are truly honoured to shaped by fairly different political cultures have in our midst our patron-in-chief, which have diverse institutional and Mrs Helen Suzman. We are delighted organisational histories. to have her with us as we launch this new series which we hope will contribute to debates about the ongoing project of It is crucial that South Africans the consolidation of our democracy — a realise, irrespective of party democracy for which she, too, fought “from where she was with what she had”. affiliations, that political culture often serves to promote We have a highly distinguished panel difference but that it can also convening today to analyse, from various vantage points, a crucial topic. We be used to transcend difference hope this discourse will generate some profound insights and perhaps even some controversies for you. These institutional and organisational histories were moulded, amongst other 2007 will be filled with political forces, by: developments and events leading into · the aberration of apartheid that led to succession debates in the African National exile, imprisonment,disenfranchisement Congress (ANC) and the largest opposition and violations of human rights by a party in South Africa. Within the context massively repressive state machinery co- of these events multiple questions that go ordinated by an undemocratic government; to the heart of matters of political culture, · for some, solitary years of struggle in and the impact that political culture has Parliament; and on democratic institutions, arise. These · the first 13 years of democracy, with its questions have various dimensions as the demands on all political organisations to institutions in question were forged in the modernise and adapt to the new rules of fire of an equally complex transition. the game under an agreed Constitution. South Africa’s diverse and heterogeneous There can be no doubt that this is a set of political cultures co-exist in a profoundly challenging and interesting strange symbiosis in the institutions that
5 analysis
The panelists who participated in this Roundtable were (from left to right): Richard Calland, Xolela Mangcu, Steven Friedman, Sipho Seepe and Aubrey Matshiqi
Attempts to construct a South Africa to create an example of South African-style “clash productive and tolerant co-existence. There of civilisations” discourse is a rare chance to build an open democratic culture. but this requires the absence of often serve to obscure the fear, as well as freedom of expression, a similarities between the freedom which enhances, embraces and encourages discourse. different political cultures in our country Expressing one’s opinion in the new South Africa calls for considerable courage: whilst commentators need no longer were created as part of our transition to fear the overtly repressive machinery of democracy, and identity politics is ever- the apartheid state, modern discourse is present in the maelstrom of South African hampered by self-imposed censorship and politics. an overwhelming political correctness. There is a reluctance to engage different It is crucial that South Africans realise, points of view, on all sides of the political irrespective of party affiliations, that divide. Instead, the blunt instruments of political culture often serves to promote ideology block intellectual engagement difference but that it can also be used to with issues. This unwillingness to engage transcend difference and, over time, build different views reduces the level and quality a sense of identification with the project of of democratic debate in our democracy at a consolidating democracy. time when there are burning socio-economic challenges and legacies to confront. This delicate balancing act between respecting and encouraging diversity Attempts to construct a South African-style and difference and the transcendence of “clash of civilisations” discourse often serve diversity and difference is both a clear to obscure the similarities between the challenge and a unique opportunity for different political cultures in our country.
6 © Leon Sadiki
All were forged in an abnormal past which In this critically important year of various fostered specific patterns of racial voting, succession races, it cannot be disputed but younger generations of South Africans that new democratic — or perhaps less may well develop a different system democratic — precedents may be set. It of identity politics in which ideas will is critical that actors in civil society form gradually start to matter. part of this process and raise awareness about these risks and opportunities that There are various agents in South African will shape our future and the essence of civil society — the trade union movement our democracy. and the Treatment Action Campaign come to mind — that have created political There is a challenge confronting advocates cultures that cut across racial lines and of the values of tolerance and liberal forge a commonality of purpose on specific constitutional democracy in all walks of life, societal challenges. This development in all political organisations and in all social within civil society is gradually starting to movements. It is important to distinguish raise complex questions about the impact of between those who wield political power for political culture on democratic institutions the common good and those who wield it for and the role different actors play in our the sake of access to economic opportunity. understanding of “political culture”. The panelists who will now address you During the initial years of transition, have collectively and individually applied and specifically during the process of their minds to this topic for a long period. I constitutional negotiations, South Africans humbly hand over to them. came together and set specific democratic precedents that were enshrined in law and stand forever protected in our founding text and in the hallowed halls of the Constitutional Court. by Raenette Taljaard
7 8
AubreyMatshiqi Aubrey Matshiqi should bear in mind the following: firstly, following: the mind in bear should we culture political of issues on reflect we when Ball, Alan by book this to According start. to going I’m where that’s So issues. these on reflect to me to lent was that book a read did I that assured rest So analysis. their for newspapers on depend commentators certain that year this time some argued was it that fact the by reinforced view a is this And book. a me lent he so and matter the about little very knew I that felt he democracy, our of derailment possible even or consolidation the on impact they how and country, this in tradition and culture political on deliberate to going were we that colleagues my of one told I When know. don’t I year, of time this at matters weighty such about think to us expect can anyone How sadists. of group a by run is Foundation Suzman Helen The that think to beginning I’m also But answered. not were prayers my clearly so first, the be not would I that hoping was I everyone. afternoon, Good a product of many interrelated factors. interrelated many of product a is homogeneous, or diverse whether culture, political a that us reminds also He issues. political to and system political the to relate that society of values and beliefs attitudes, the of composed is culture political a that difference transcends and promotes both that culture political a construct to is challenge The We do not know what the trajectory trajectory the what know not do We colonialism. of absence the in been have would evolution cultural Africa’s South of trajectory the what know not do We colonialism. in factor to need we extent that to and construct, historical a firstly, is, country the in culture political heterogeneous or diverse this as have we what that accept to have may we therefore And cultures. political heterogeneous are have we what cultures, political diverse are have we What culture. political common a have not do we because culture political African South a call can we what yet as have we think not do I But construct. historical and ideological social, a itself is construction, under still is which culture, political African South that that mind in bear must we culture, political African South a about talk can we that extent the to And constructed. historically and constructed ideologically constructed, socially are traditions and culture political a that mind in bear must we secondly, And future. foreseeable the for construction under be to continue will and construction, under still is and years 350 past the for construction under been has culture political our that fact the to regard with firstly Important important. very is me to that point second the is It of South Africa’s culture would have A total absence of fear been if it had not been interrupted by colonialism. And here I’m talking about in the political discourse culture in its broadest sense, because my is a standard that understanding is that political culture is a we must try to attain subset of a national culture, to the extent that in our country you can talk about a national culture. the nature of the political discourse, are We may also have to accept that because products of that reality. So when we have Aubrey Matshiqi of that interruption by colonialism and constitutional debates, for instance, and apartheid, we have ended up in a situation analyse the values that are dominant in where the numerical majority is a cultural our democracy, that is the reality against minority and the cultural minority is a which we analyse those constitutional numerical majority. Which means that what debates and other forms of political is in the process of shaping our political discourse in this country. culture and what has shaped our political culture so far, institutionally and otherwise, If we accept those propositions, I think we arises from that reality, that numerical must also accept that if our political culture is minorities are cultural majorities. diverse and heterogeneous, that presupposes a struggle for cultural hegemony in our In its broadest sense, that means what we context. And therefore our political culture read, what we listen to on radio or on CD, is in part constituted by this struggle for
9 Aubrey Matshiqi cultural hegemony. And at different times is a product of history and the history of certain strands of our political culture will be colonials and apartheid, for that matter, dominant and at other times other strands we must bear in mind that those who were will gain ascendancy. subjected to colonialism and apartheid did As matters stand now it’s also very clear not take that lying down. So we also have that our political culture is influenced by a political culture that is influenced by a the political culture that obtains internally culture of resistance and that culture of within the ruling party. Because this ruling resistance, in part, informs the content of our current political culture. So if we’re looking for a meta-narrative that describes
Aubrey Matshiqi If we achieve the protection of what constitutes our political culture, such rights by both cultural a meta-narrative does not exist, even an majorities and numerical attempt at creating such a meta-narrative would yield a product that would be majorities... we’ll go reductionist. somewhere towards achieving So what are the challenges? From where the goals of an open and I’m sitting, the challenge is to construct a political culture that both promotes democratic political culture and transcends difference. Because one of the things we have to contend with are party is so dominant over the political apartheid constructions of difference and landscape, unavoidably, aspects of that colonial constructions of difference, which culture, of its internal culture, will find continue to inform aspects of our political reflection in the political culture of our culture. And therefore a major challenge nation as a whole. If the internal political that we face in building this nation is culture of the African National Congress the construction of a political culture, produces a set of variables or a set of as I say, which is transcendent, which outcomes that are either undermining or transcends difference, but at the same promoting our democracy, that will be felt time, promotes difference. in the political landscape as a whole. Because we have settled for a multiparty But you must also remember that as much democracy it means we have accepted that as one has argued that our political culture challenge, that we are in the process of
10 should follow is a political culture which culture political a is follow should what challenge, that to equal are we if and on head challenge that meet we if And it. see I as challenge, a is That matter. that for culture, democratic open an culture, democratic a promotes and consolidates that manner a in times different at or same the at either spaces both occupy to able be And sameness. of culture political a constructing of level the at and difference of culture political a constructing of level the at both levels, both at operate to able be must we means Which sameness. of culture political a constructing of that also is project the contradictory, sound may that manner a in time, same the At difference. that transcend to seek will importantly, more but, it, promotes difference, recognises only not that culture political a constructing mind when I think of our political culture culture political our of think I when mind to come that themes certain are There culture. political democratic and open an of goals the achieving towards somewhere go we’ll somewhere, be we’ll think I majorities, numerical and majorities cultural both by rights of protection this that, achieve we if And minorities. cultural of rights the defend and protect to themselves upon it take majorities cultural same, the at And minorities. numerical of rights the protect and defend to themselves upon it take majorities numerical that dictates majority is a cultural minority cultural a is majority numerical the apartheid and colonialism of Because
Aubrey11 Matshiqi and these themes have been dominant advantage as far as access to influence, in my thinking over the past 12 months. power and resources is concerned. The first one is that of identity. There’s an extent to which in the coming years And therefore some of these debates how we define ourselves is going to impact we’re having about what is an African, on the evolution of our political culture, whether affirmative action is good or bad, are actually informed by this attempt at An emerging theme in reconstructing identity to consolidate the gains of the past and redefine access to
Aubrey Matshiqi our political culture has power, influence, resources and so on. been that of Orwellian manipulation, where through Another theme is linked to an urge I’ve been feeling for quite some time this language and other means year, an urge to read George Orwell’s there’s an attempt not only 1984 again. Because I think an emerging to rewrite history and erase theme in our political culture this year has been that of Orwellian manipulation, aspects of history that are where through language and other means inconvenient, but also there’s an attempt not only to rewrite an attempt to reconstruct history and erase aspects of history that are inconvenient, but an attempt to political realities reconstruct political realities, sometimes in a manner that is not in concert with what diverse or homogeneous. I think what obtains on the ground, with what is the we are going through at the moment reality of the majority on the ground. at the level of constructing a common South African identity is at times, And I have engaged with this issue in unfortunately, a project that seeks to relation to the question of whether we are redefine or reconstruct identity in a very a dictatorship or not. And my assessment narrow manner, a manner that seeks to is that certainly we’re not a dictatorship in advantage those who are engaged in that the classical sense but there are things we reconstruction exercise to give them an need to be concerned about. For instance,
12 killed if your views do not coincide with with coincide not do views your if killed or maimed or jailed be will you that fear to have not do you setting post-apartheid the In killed. or maimed jail, in yourself find could you government, apartheid the of state, the of those with coincide not did views your if past the in whereas down democratic spaces. spaces. democratic down close can that fear a fear, that impose can society African South of elements Other state. the with reside only not does state, the with only not is fear that of source the society, African South in elsewhere and media the within also but state, the by exercised only not is power that extent the to And attain. to try must we that standard a is discourse political the in fear of absence total a say to beginning standard minimum the is whatever or detained or jailed be standard higher a set to need we think I But state. the or government of those — — that people are not going to to going not are people that — — and therefore I’m I’m therefore and that consolidates or derails democracy. derails or consolidates that culture political a be to going is culture political emergent that whether choice the make must parties both in leaders And culture. African South common emergent an on extent some to impact will battles succession both day the of end the at that mind in bear must we ANC, the in battle succession older the and battle succession Alliance Democratic launched recently the on reflect we as therefore, And democracy derails or consolidates that culture political a be to going is culture political emergent the whether about choice the make must DA the and ANC the in Leaders
Aubrey13 Matshiqi You’ll find that liberation movements and even the mass democratic forces also have some things to correct in terms of inculcating a culture where we actually tolerate those we disagree with
Sipho Seepe
I’ll try to be more frontal about the At the same time, there is an element discussion, but I will also thank Aubrey in me that says this is also a case of for giving us more of a broader theoretical chickens coming home to roost, because lens to approach the subject. I will argue one must remember that the howling at that to the extent that we can talk about those we disagree with has become almost the absence of the culture of learning in a constant picture or image that emerges the schools, we can actually say there’s when we think of Parliament, where some dominant behaviour that we observe. people are not allowed to be heard. And And to my continued amazement, I find it even when they are called “honourable
Sipho Seepe interesting that every time you listen to members”, their [i.e. MPs] behaviour is John Perlman [former SABC AM Live host] very dishonourable. But what we have not interview any of the officials from the heard is an attempt within Parliament to ANC, you could think that they’re reading listen; an attempt from the ruling party from the same script. What this suggests to say, if some people speak and you do is that there is a particular culture of not agree with them, listen to them and similarity of approach, of response, engage them. that emerges from belonging to a particular party. Those watching the conduct of parliamentarians begin to see that if you I would like to capture three things disagree with somebody all you have to that we have inherited from the liberation do is to make sure that you don’t hear movement and from the struggles against them. So the howling and walking out on apartheid that impact on our institutions somebody has become a culture that we today. And — I think — nothing captures have to deal with. one of these more brilliantly than what happened to the president this weekend, This culture derives from the history of and also a few months ago, when he tried political intolerance commonly associated to address the fellow-travellers of the with the tradition of exile politics. African National Congress, but was booed This assumes that those who were in and howled at. I remarked to myself that the trenches internally were actually this reflects the culture that we have, the democratic. But history shows that that culture of intolerance of ideas of the people was not the case. People like Xolela that you disagree with. who belong to the Black Consciousness
14 all that. What this says is that we are also also are we that is says this What that. all and controversial is this that and that, is one that this, is one this saying other, each describing time spend often we analysts so-called as that friends my from hear I culture. a become also has incapacity intellectual that Sadly, issues. the with engage to incapacity intellectual an create to is done has intolerance this what But with. disagree we those of tolerance is there where culture a inculcating for need the of terms correct to things some have forces democratic mass the even and movements liberation that find you’ll So lost. be will lives where struggle a in engaged is one when luxury a are debates that said that advanced was notion a exile In politics. politics exile not was this and view, of point different a holding for killed were comrades and cadres our of many that know myself, like Movement, — it was internal internal was it — in in with the issues you have raised. raised. have you issues the with engage to unable are they because them paralyse you that, suggest to begin you when And with? disagree you that them of any in it is What wrote. I that article every and each remember can I but articles 300 over written I’ve know I look say, would I that. and this am I that say and angrily call they when radio the on callers challenged often I’ve trap. that into fall analysts political and academics when sad very is It discourse. political our shapes that something become has It labelling. of culture a is have we What raise. you that issues the engage not does It discussion. a from you dismiss to is does this what But you. to listen to going not we’re and comrade, revolutionary counter- a are you say to is us, to done were things these of some as somebody, to do to need you All intolerance. political of language the to subscribe to beginning
Sipho15 Seepe So what I’m saying is that we have a culture might actually be right. In a sense, after and that is a culture of political intolerance. 10 years in Parliament, people come out as We have a culture of being unwilling to intellectually incapacitated as they were engage intelligently with each other. And when they went in. And that is the culture I think this intolerance cuts on both sides, that exists. What the president experienced especially through our engagement with and we see happening is simply a culture government. Those of us who are not in that Parliament has cultivated. government have tended to be almost dismissive of those in government and the Let me say something about the culture
Sipho Seepe guys in government, have also tended to be of labelling. I remember that people dismissive of those outside government. In like Tony Leon, when they spoke, they would be called this or that. And then I suggested to people like Blade Ndzimande When somebody criticises me that, rather than to dismiss Tony Leon I say I’m glad that you read as this or that, why don’t you engage the what I wrote. For me criticism issues that he raises. But of course that is a challenge. I then said that later it is a commitment to will come to haunt you guys. The culture somebody’s ideas of labelling and character assassination within the ANC is really what I call chickens coming home to roost. the process dialogue ceases to exist in South Africa. Jeremy Cronin did not believe that his history of dedication to the struggle would One of the challenges that we must reclaim amount to nothing. [When Cronin warned is what I call the intellectual project of of the Zanufication of the ANC] he was a democracy, the ability for people in told that the ANC does not need a white Parliament [and in society] to be able Messiah. Nelson Mandela did not know that to engage intelligently with each other, he’d be called an agent of pharmaceutical without howling. companies for raising the issues around HIV/Aids. Desmond Tutu would not have All howling serves to do is to shut you anticipated that he would be accused of down so that I cannot hear you because you being a creation of a white media [for
16 There is this hatred for criticism, when when criticism, for hatred this is There means. that what know don’t I controversial, I’m that me tell to going you’re If write. who us among those influence, an have who us of those with against rally must we that culture this have We ANC]. the in debates and HIV/Aids about concerns raising some of the best intellectuals in the world, world, the in intellectuals best the of some read we when encouragement derive also We right. are raise we that things the that know we because honour of badge a as it see we dishonourable; as it see don’t We mean. to supposed is that whatever blacklisted, been have who us of those involves that issue an to me brings That that. have don’t we but raised, actually I’ve that issues those engage to person a like would I But ideas. somebody’s to commitment a is criticism me For wrote. I what read it take I me, criticises somebody When commitment. of sign a simply is criticism fact in — I say I’m glad that you you that glad I’m say I — and it starts it and The second issue that has become become has that issue second The like. they what write to and say To independence. intellectual their express to issues engage They either. loved be to engage not do Xolela like people that know I say. to important very is that so honours; official get to want not do I are. things way the for tolerance gregarious a than one better a always is it but yes, condition, lonely a is It honours. official them win nor places high in friends them make neither will intellectuals by representation such that reality inescapable the dodging no is there But guard. and consolidate to territory nor protect to offices neither have who intellectuals about unsettling “ says: he what quote to like would I intellectuals. true about unsettling something is there said have who Said, Edward like people institutions of democracy of institutions de-legitimises intolerance political of culture The And there is something fundamentally fundamentally something is there And ”
Sipho17 Seepe suddenly a new tradition and a culture is has learnt about socialism, about the that of so-called internal debates. It’s all South African Communist Party, is that about the intellectual inability to engage. democratic centralism denuded and took This notion has become fashionable in the away any semblance of democracy that last few years, but is simply intellectual existed within that organisation. And today
Sipho Seepe cowardice. I recall that there was a time, you find almost all parties behaving the same way, so there is a culture where the centre thinks that it has a monopoly of Insightful contributions can wisdom. And that is a culture that we must rebel against. We should appreciate that emerge from whatever quarter insightful contributions can emerge from whatever quarter.
in 1993/1994, when members of the The last point I would like to raise is ruling party were engaging publicly with the effects of this on our institutions. each other. I remember people like Joe The culture of intolerance, the culture of Slovo disagreeing with people like Tokyo labelling, the culture of dismissing begins Sexwale. I remember Pallo Jordan and to de-legitimise opposition parties or Joe Slovo being at each other’s throats on other voices that we do not agree with. It the notion of the sunset clause. That was has the effect of de-legitimising different the intellectual vibrancy that had become perspectives. If we de-legitimise different associated with us. But now we have a perspectives we’re actually poorer. It is culture that says, “don’t speak unless the only those who are afraid of good ideas centre had spoken”. who will advance notions such as internal debates and democratic centralism. But This brings me to another element that those of us who are sure of ourselves has become a new culture, the notion of will put our ideas up there to be democratic centralism. If you read Joe challenged publicly. Slovo, he says one of the things that he The culture of political intolerance de-
18 And the last tradition that weakens our weakens that tradition last the And adopted. we’ve that cultures the of traditions are labelling and Intolerance judiciary. the of mindset collective the about something do to need we that suggest to possible is it where environment an creates It media. the of mindset collective the about something do to need we that suggest can we where situation a allows It democracy. of institutions legitimises office. Deployment has become part of part become has Deployment office. leave they before can they as much as amass to is do to try they what So appointed. been they’ve after day the removed be can they that worry always they and positions, those in they’re that disbelieving time more spend they expertise, and qualifications requisite the have not do they that know who people appoint you When corruption. extent, large a to and, incompetence mediocrity, of promotion the to led has strategy deployment the that is party, ruling the in acknowledged is it and know, now we What strategy. deployment so-called the of logic the with associated one is system those ideas. those welcome must we them with agree don’t we if Even ideas. interesting of flourishing a seeing are we now and happened, saga Zuma the unfortunately, or fortunately And, person. one of opinion the is opinion that where country, one-opinion a becoming are we democracy, of notion strange our In speak. to Leon Tony invited Forum Management Black the week, a Within bone. the to democrat a is he that realise to come has he but core, the to racist a was Leon Tony that think to used he that remarked Mbeki happened. miracle a year this time some but Leon, Tony attacking time his of most spent had Mbeki President sheep]. like follow us of rest [the okay is something that decides centre the when that interesting very it find I dialogue. of culture a reclaim to need we that is important most and last But organs. state the of charge in are who comrades have we’ll that notion a to backseat a taken have experience and expertise Competence, problem. our
Sipho19 Seepe I think that our political cultures across the divide have far more in common than we let on
Steven Friedman
I knew that somebody on this panel who are in determining the way in which was on the blacklist would rub the noses of political parties function, and the kind of those of us who didn’t make it. I just want support that political parties attract, it to say that those of us who didn’t make it seems to me that we need look no further did our best, we’re still trying. We envy you, than the experience of two small opposition but we haven’t given up. parties, the United Democratic Movement and the Independent Democrats. I also start at a slight disadvantage because I’m supposed to talk about the And the reason I find these examples role of political culture in democratic so interesting is that both of them were consolidation and I don’t believe heralded at their formation, in different there’s any such thing as democratic ways, as examples of a new South African consolidation, and I’m supposed to be politics, which would transcend our writing a book on why there’s no such traditional identity divides, and both of them Steven Friedman thing as democratic consolidation. But have become very focused identity parties. I’ll do my best in the circumstances, and A colleague of mine conducted research I may even share a line or two from the a while ago which indicated, certainly to book as I go on. my satisfaction, that you can trace United Democratic Movement support nationally to Let me say first of all that I think that particular groups of people in the Greater our problem is not that we have a sort of Umtata Region as they travel across the Samuel Huntington type clash of political country. And certainly the Independent cultures in this country. In fact, as Sipho Democrats has become the sole and authentic hinted a moment ago, I think that our voice of a subset of the Coloured population political cultures across the divide have far in the Western Cape who used to vote for the more in common than we let on. However, New National Party. I think our reality, as I’ve written several times before — which is not necessarily a So I think that this indicates part of this problem, it has diverse consequences — is reality with which we sit. I think that it the fact that we have diverse identities indicates something which I’ve been very and that those identities are extremely concerned to warn against, which is what politically important. In fact, if we want to we might call the myth of the human get a look at how important those identities calculator — the idea that normal, rational
20 human beings in their political conduct The idea that people vote their operate much as electronic calculators do; they work out plusses and minuses identities is perfectly normal, and they come to a sum at the end of that it is not a source of shame and and vote accordingly. And if they behave it is something which we need in any other way, in any way which does not imply that they’re working out what a to accept as part of our South particular politician can do for their bank African reality balance at any particular time, then they are somehow behaving in an abnormal and an irrational way. the US who vote, vote the same way every time over their entire lifetimes. Elections If one is looking for the politics of the are sorted out by a relatively small group human calculator, one is clearly not going of independent voters in the middle. Now to find it in South Africa. The interesting there’s a theory that the independent group point is you’re not going to find it anywhere might be growing, but that’s not particularly else, either. What some of us have been relevant to our concerns. very concerned to stress is that people voting their identities is not some kind of The point I’m trying to make is that the specially South African phenomenon. If idea that people vote their identities is you look at Europe, it is absolutely littered perfectly normal, it is not a source of shame with Catholic people’s parties, Christian and it is something which we need to Democratic parties, Scottish National accept as part of our South African reality. parties, you name it. If you look at the I do want to stress, however, that those of United States one of the myths of American us who talk about identity voting are in democracy is that you have these masses danger of being misunderstood in a great of floating voters. Actually most people in many ways. The first issue on which we
21 Steven Friedman are in danger of being misunderstood is the not talking about those folks over there notion that when we talk about identity, who vote their identities and us folks we’re simply talking about race. Race is over here who don’t. There is a common very important in South Africa. But it’s not misconception that we have people who the only thing that’s important, and when are steeped in parliamentary democracy we say that South African politics is about over very many years and understand how identities, we are not saying that people it works, and a large bunch of neophytes are inevitably dragooned into racial blocs in who don’t understand the game because Steven Friedman which all members think the same and act they were oppressed and need to learn the the same. If you look at our political reality, ropes. This misunderstands the situation throughout the period in which a particular I think our reality has diverse type of parliamentary democracy was open to a section of our population. The section consequences... the fact that of the population which was excluded was we have diverse political perfectly well aware of what was going on. identities is extremely It took a very lively interest in it, and for very obvious reasons saw parliamentary politically important democracy as something to which to aspire — if you’re denied something on the basis everything we see around us contradicts of your race, you may well aspire to that that. Which is why it is particularly silly because you see its denial as part of your to reduce the prospects of political parties subordinate status. to the race of their leaders. It’s a lot more complicated than that. This means that there are democratic strains in this society which go across the Secondly, the important point to stress is identity groups, but there is bad news too. that when we talk about identities we are In the parliamentary tradition to which our
22 So the sense that we have some kind of kind some have we that sense the So it. like don’t is it what know who people those that and hazy, and dim pretty are society our of part particular that in pluralism democratic of conceptions that suburbs, the in folks white of consists exclusively almost which country, this in community faith particular a in democracy pluralist for bat to trying year last the over experiences personal my of basis the on you, assure certainly can I And there. over sitting patron your of efforts best the despite tradition, parliamentary vigorous particularly a say, we shall not, was there community white the among referred, chair liberalism, although I hope that if you if that hope I although liberalism, African South on discussion a isn’t This about. talking we’re which politics identity the of expression an become itself arguably has reasons, of sorts all for celebrated be to ought and organisation, this in celebrated rightly quite is which liberalism, African South that intended, pun no identities, our by coloured are country this in understandings political our which to extent the and us, affect identities these of some which to extent the is persuasive so gathering, particular this at bone the to closer get To question. serious to open is country this in ethos democratic suburban universal liberalism, you will have discussions on discussions have will you liberalism, African South on discussions had haven’t version of North American and Western and American North of version idealised of sort some like look to going are democracies new when out work to trying of sense vague a than more nothing is to down boils this what that see will you carefully, literature the through go you and not, or consolidated are democracies new whether establish to trying with today world American North and European Western the around mania the at look you if But have. scientists political discussions tribal sectarian of sort the with you bore to want don’t I discussion. our to relevant is this that think I concerned, is consolidation democratic of question the as far As equation. this in element important very a is us around environment identity the by influenced become itself has values, democratic liberal of importance the and individual the of worth the about assumptions universalist on rests course of which liberalism, like philosophy a which to extent The population. the of majority vast the to inaccessible entirely reason that for is which experience, suburban the of expression particular a but Mill, and Locke of liberalism the not is liberalism African South as described is what often very that made be could case the that me to seems it But liberalism. African South
Steven23 Friedman European democracies, a version which is so mesh the different political cultures of our idealised that I can’t find a North American various identity-based political groups. or European democracy that actually fits Because both in negative and positive ways the description. our political cultures are pretty good at replicating and cloning themselves down the I think that the misconception that there scale from the largest political organisation is some sort of idealised democracy out to the smallest. Thus all the centralising there to which we do not yet conform is tendencies which Sipho has just told us that part of the problem of not understanding one could find in the ruling parties, were that the fact that we have identity politics neatly replicating themselves right down is not necessarily a problem. What the spectrum in the opposition parties. does this mean for the more important I wonder whether we are now seeing the reverse of this? Are we now seeing a situation where, because events in the Steven Friedman What some of us have been ruling party have broken the logjam there to very concerned to stress is that a certain extent, it’s now happening in the people voting their identities official opposition, and maybe that will clone is not some kind of specially itself right down to the one-person parties? It would be good if that did happen. South African phenomenon The point I’m trying to stress is that if exercise of trying to establish where the we’re going to try to work out democratic forces in our society are which might prospects in this country by assuming strengthen democratic trends, and how that some groups practice a democratic one identifies them and works with them? culture and others do not, we’re going Not recognising the role which identities to get it horribly wrong because we will play in our society means that we risk not misunderstand that both the negative and understanding where the opportunities the positives emerge within all the groups. are, and may misdiagnose the threats. It seems to me that one of the dangers of not As I said earlier, I’m convinced that one of realising the crucial role which identities play the problems we don’t have to worry about is that, if one is in the group which is used to is how, as a result of identity politics, we regarding itself, in my view, inappropriately, as
24 the standard bearer of the democratic tradition, then you land up missing the evidence around Some figures were you of who the really effective and interesting regarded as problems for the standard bearers of the democratic tradition are. democratic project but the I’ve written previously how figures like Archbishop Desmond Tutu, for example, fact that they don’t choose to were at a particular stage in our history express their democratic values were very often regarded as problems for in the same way as suburban the democratic project because of positions they took on sanctions and the like. I democrats do, I think is a plus think the evidence is overwhelming at the rather than a minus moment that Archbishop Tutu is a distinct asset to the democratic project, and the fact that he doesn’t choose to express his system to introduce a strong constituency democratic values in the same way as element, a ban on floor crossing and suburban democrats do, I think is a plus effective regulation to prevent money rather than a minus. corrupting politics? The answer of course is the Congress of South African Trade Unions But perhaps more interestingly, which (Cosatu), in a document called Possibilities organisation in South Africa has in the for Fundamental Social Change. Whatever last six months called for decentralisation the complexities of Mr Vavi’s political of political power, reform of the electoral relationship with Mr Zuma may be, the
25 Steven Friedman What is described as South — with all the sort of problems that attach African liberalism is not the to role models and the qualifications that one attaches to them — of a group of South liberalism of Locke and Mill Africans who are working daily, in very Steven Friedman but a particular expression of inspiring ways in many cases, to advance the suburban experience... it is the democratic projects, I would have to cite my particular focus of research at the for that reason that it is moment, the Treatment Action Campaign, entirely inaccessible to the which of course is run by a semi-retired vast majority of the population Trotskyite in Cape Town. In many ways it is not a particularly likely source of democratic activism and enthusiasm, but a very real suggestion that this document is anything source nonetheless. other than a very important expression of democratic aspirations in this country Finally, because my time is up, I think that is untenable, and if our lack of sensitivity if we understand the role which identities to the identity dimension blinds us to play, we will recognise that what we are the very important democratic potential looking at in South Africa is a situation in organisations like Cosatu, then we’re where, for the next decade or so, we are missing the boat. going to be, if you like, in a sort of holding pattern as the identities continue to express Similarly, if you were to ask me to look themselves and the current governing beyond Cosatu at some kind of role model party continues to govern. At some point
26 we are going to have, because of the nature At some point we are going to of identity politics, a substantial electoral challenge to the governing party which I have a substantial electoral firmly believe will come from within the challenge to the governing party, from within the ANC governing party which will Alliance, because that is really where the identity politics which resonate with the come from within the majority of South Africans reside. governing party
It is at that stage when, if you like, our democratic crunch moment will come. democratic habits, I think we will be in good Because if you want to look at this in terms shape to go some version of the Zambian of Southern African exemplars, we’re either route. But what I am asking you to consider going to go the Zimbabwean route or the is that those precedents are going to be Zambian route, the Zambian route being set by groups of people using methods and that in which President Kaunda loses an coming from backgrounds and operating election and says, “I respect the will of the within cultural contexts, which are probably electorate” and leaves it to the next group of very foreign to many South African people to govern. supporters of liberal democracy.
Whether we go the Zambian or I think it is the challenge facing supporters the Zimbabwean route will depend of liberal democracy in South Africa today: fundamentally on the kind of democratic to do a great deal more to understand these precedents we set between now and then. If processes, to connect with them and to try we get to that moment having set all sorts to support them, because I think that they of democratic precedents and established are in effect our democratic hope.
27 Steven Friedman The power variable violates not only our political history in a grand sense, but some of our personal histories, and that’s why I write
Xolela Mangcu
I can always rely on Steven Friedman origins of political culture, at least in to give me a segue into what I want to terms of modern democratic theory. say. I think Sipho was actually referring to Richard Calland when he was talking The idea of a civil religion is basically the about some of us being described as idea that there’s a civil profession of faith, “controversy seeking” intellectuals. There the articles of which are up to the sovereign are two descriptions of me in Richard’s to fix, and I think that is relevant to what book. The one I’m happy to be identified we’re talking about here today. with is that of a black liberal democrat. I am happy with that identity. The sovereign in this case is somebody like President Thabo Mbeki. According to
Xolela Mangcu The second description is that of a Rousseau, it is for that sovereign to decide “controversy seeking” intellectual. I think what the articles of faith are. the description was “controversy courting”, which I think is even worse and I think Rousseau says that if anybody, for whatever it ties up with what Sipho was saying. reason, decides to violate these articles But I’m going to capitalise on that second of faith — that is the dogmas of the civil description for what I want to say now, religion — then that person, and I quote, and pay homage to Mrs Helen Suzman. “ought to be punished by death”. I agree Imagine the headlines, “Xolela Mangcu with Aubrey that we are not at a point pays homage to Helen Suzman”. That’s the where we are to be punished by death for “controversy courting” intellectual. violating the articles of the civil religion.
I’m really delighted that we are at a point The history of modern liberalism and at which we talk about the concept of the history of western political thought political culture. I regard myself primarily were for a very long time dominated in as a student of political culture. I’ve been many ways by that sort of Rousseauean writing about political culture for a very republicanism, until much later when long time so I’m delighted that we’re people like De Tocqueville called for a talking about this concept. I think we more clamorous approach to the idea would go back to Rousseau’s concept of of the civil religion, and the creation of the civil religion as being the intellectual public institutions and spaces where
28 century is really what Eric Hobsbawm Eric what really is century 21st the of beginning the at have we What movements. environmental and struggles rights civil the struggles, women’s the struggles: those of product fundamental a are values its and world modern the that think I because much too up ourselves beat shouldn’t We is. heritage our what sense, a in is, contribution That been. has that to movements liberation of contribution the what and made has humanity that progress the underestimate never should we think I values. new of rise the is world the around seen have we what years, 200 to 150 past the For streak. Rousseauean the against stood who those all least at or tyranny, against stood who those all of achievement signal the been has That debate. and deliberation democratic of heart” the of “habits the call could we what develop sense, a in could, individuals in the world today. world the in presence our around history essentialise of kind we which in sense a There’s history. as us about reading be will people 2070 or 2050 in that forget We past. the of things the be not will now say we that things the and actors, historical the be always shall we and around be always shall we that assumption the is age, and day this in live who Africans South particularly us, about things interesting most the of One up. shows it whenever streak Rousseauean tyrannical the criticising for mechanism valuative a as use we that past useable that is it and past”, “usable a called movements environmental and struggles rights civil the struggles, women’sthe of product fundamental a are values its and world modern The
Xolela29 Mangcu We are inheritors of a long democratic public deliberation. Public deliberation is tradition which is a combination of women’s not important so much for the things that movements, political movements, civil rights people say within that space, but for the movements and what have you, and that enactment itself. becomes what we use to value those who govern over us. That’s just the one point There is another part of our heritage that I’d like to raise about our political cultural I want to draw in and bring to South heritage — a rich history of criticism. Africa. One of the things that Arendt talks about, and this brings me to Helen I want to move on and talk a little bit Suzman and Steve Biko, is what she calls about Hannah Arendt. The interesting “courage”, and when she says “courage” she doesn’t mean courage in the grand conception of courage, in the sense of
Xolela Mangcu Hannah Arendt makes a having martyrs and people who will stand distinction between the creative in front of tanks. She says: “Courage is the willingness to leave the protective walls of arts and the performing arts, your home and appear in public.” and she says politics is like the performing arts But the condition of courage exists of course with the condition of loneliness. But not loneliness in a sort of morose, desperate, sad sense but the idea that for me to get thing about Hannah Arendt is that she out of that door is a decision that nobody talks about the importance of appearing in else can take for me, and really that is part public as a political virtue. Arendt has got of our political heritage. It is a long history a description of politics which I just love, or of courage, and fearlessness. One of Steve a metaphor that she uses for politics. She Biko’s best pieces of writing was called Fear: makes a distinction between the creative The most important determinant in South African arts and the performing arts, and she says politics. If you haven’t read that, go back and politics is like the performing arts. In other read it. words, politics is not a finished product. We’re all part of the performative act: the I think that even though Helen Suzman and people on the stage and the people who Steve Biko would have stood on different are watching are all part of the space of sides of the ideological divide at a particular
30 talk about social change only in a group a in only change social about talk to tend we change, social about talk we Whenever sense. group a in not identity about talk to want I identity, about talk you When about. talking was Steven that identity of question this with deal to want I fearlessness. and courage demand to continue country this in happening are that things the because but intellectuals, controversial or intellectuals celebrated be to want we because not heroines, or heroes for looking we’re because not can, we as much as it retain should We important. is think I that courage of element this is it But choice. no had they because do to needed they what did and up stood who people, everyday people, of stories numerous have we obviously, society, black In culture. political our of part integral an is fearlessness and courage So Suzman. Mrs you, to homage that’s and courage, of notion the shared they sense, Arendtian an in that fact the deny cannot we movement, parliamentary extra- the in one Parliament, in one society, of sides different on stood have may they though Even contributions. respective their acknowledge now should we time, in point Although Helen Suzman Suzman Helen Although the notion of courage of notion the shared they movement, the in extra-parliamentary one one Parliament, divide, in of ideological sides the different have on would stood Biko Steve and that’s why I write. I why that’s and histories, personal our of some but sense, grand a in history political our only not violates variable power The had. never we which variable a introduced has power in are we that fact the but government, in are we and power in now are we that is course, of variable, important The now. and here the in power about It’s cynical. is now have we that culture political the sense, a In working. were they whom for people were there that future, the of sense a had always they doing, were they that was it whatever that understood they and debate, of meaning the understood They public. in appearing of meaning the Sogas Tiyo the folks those about thing the But 1860s. the in columnist a was great-grandfather my that boast always I intellectuals. Cape Eastern century 19th the to back goes history personal my Now violated. find we sometimes that histories personal have we that and individual, the about interestingly, very talks, way, the by Appiah, Anthony Kwame individual. the about talk never we and individual, the with do to has it primarily but Africa, South new a is which collective, a of part I’m that fact the with do to something have may It movement. consciousness black the of part was I that fact the with do to something have may it column newspaper a write I when So narratives. own their of intellectuals organic also are intellectuals organic that says He public. in speak and write do who us of those about interesting something says Bauman Zygmunt sense. collective — the Jabavus, the Rubusanas, the Jabavus, the — is that they understood they that is
Xolela31 Mangcu Are we willing to accept a situation where people in government have private interests that may not only overlap but eclipse their public responsibilities?
Richard Calland
Xolela previewed what he was going to speaking language press comes from one or say about the entry relating to him in my other of the five of us, I don’t know whether book before we came in, and so I hurriedly it’s a source of encouragement or otherwise checked the reference during the start of that we’ve taken such different approaches this seminar and discovered to my horror, in to the topic. I hope the former. I think it the section entitled “Commentators or Public shows the difficulty of the problem but also Intellectuals”, that I’d identified as the four the diversity of intellectual responses to most prominent such people in South Africa, difficult challenges. the four gentlemen sitting to my left. And given that Xolela had intimated that he was Let me throw in my own analysis. I will, in going to pick a bone with me in public about headline terms, identify what I would see his entry, I sat with some trepidation as as some of the key questions or challenges
Richard Calland the other four spoke, but three were more of political culture as we go ahead. And I generous in drawing attention to what I said want to particularly take up three political about them. concepts that I believe are political cultural concepts, that are often seen as liberal But in all seriousness, it is an honour to democratic concepts and I want to quarrel share a platform with all four of them and with why they are seen as such and argue I’m grateful for the invitation from the that, in fact, they should be seen in a much Foundation to do so. broader ideological construct.
The topic you’ve asked us to address, First is the question of the separation of however, is an extremely naughty one, an powers. Secondly, the related subject of extremely difficult one, mischievous and the rule of law, and thirdly, and this is awkward, and I was tempted to do what perhaps less obviously a liberal democratic my New Labour Party training in the 1980s concept, the question of conflicts of interest would have persuaded me to do, which was and how they’re managed. And let me simply ignore it and answer a different say that how we position our democratic question. In fact, all five of us appear to culture, our political culture, in respect of have answered a different question, in the each of these three topics, I suspect will sense that we come at the problem from very determine the strength, resilience and different angles. And given that probably 80 durability of our democratic institutions per cent of the commentary in the English- for the next generation.
32 aboutthe role of the judiciary. growing,and Iwould say, unhealthy, debate courtsystem in particular. So there’s quite a ourattitudes to the rule of law, and to the thesystem and that in turn is then affecting fromcore analysis by blaming another part of There’san attempt to, in asense, distract problem. the causing is that branch executive the within corruption sheer or capacity of lack incompetence, be well may problem the of cause root the fact in when interference”, “judicial about complaining government of branch executive the find you example, for So, failures. own its for part another blaming government of system the of part one is hearing is one what that sense the in organised unfortunately very view, my in is, it and powers of separation the about debate public fierce quite and emerging an is There I shared a platform last week with Kader with week last platform a shared I loudest the heard is voice whose people the not are often they although Congress, National African the within many of view the that’s certainly And intact. remains Constitution our of heart the at lies that project transformation social the that ensure can one that balances and checks of system proper a instituting by only is it it, diffusing power, separating by only is it and project, transformation social the protect to there is it fact In concept. conservative a words, other in interests, vested protect to designed concept a not is it liberal”; is powers of separation the that argue could One us? of rest the with democrats liberal by shared but democrats liberal by owned be not should that concepts are these that is, it believe I as say, to important it is why Now — as some people are are people some as — — — though “anti-
Richard33 Calland To argue that the argue, an opportunity to recover the liberal values that the Democratic Alliance has separation of powers is about rather lost sight of, and to regain them. protecting vested interests, But that’s a digression, and in a sense it’s that it’s about constraining the none of my business.
executive, is a seriously To return to the question of rights, the misguided way of judiciary are there, as we all know, to state Richard Calland looking at life the obvious, to protect and allow us to exercise the rights within the Constitution, which were hard won. Many of those Asmal, talking about some of the things rights are there to promote the social in my book, and we agreed that there is a transformation project, to ensure that massive overlap between liberal democratic human dignity is restored to the majority theory and ideology, on the one hand, and and all South Africans, and so therefore social democracy on the other, and that it is the role of the courts in protecting and a mistake to separate the two. promoting those rights is fundamental, I would argue, to the transformation project. Let me digress very briefly to say that this debate, although it’s the end of the year, is To argue that the separation of powers is in very well timed. I don’t know if you knew some way about protecting vested interests, that Tony Leon was going to intimate his that it’s about constraining the executive resignation last weekend. But of course in what it’s doing, is a seriously misguided that indicates for all of us, I suspect, way of looking at life and I think that if that that there is an opportunity to recast at becomes the predominant political culture, least the opposition/government party then we’re in grave danger. As we enter relationship. That there is an opportunity into this very important debate about the to create a different set of parameters separation of powers, we must ensure that for that debate, and therefore, I would it is not cornered by any one party or group
34 project democratictransformation social the to counter run not does democracy Liberal the congealing embrace that now links now that embrace congealing the about talk I book. my of theme a businesses, and politics between overlap the about debate growing a is there that know We question. interest of conflict the Lastly, rights. human of protection and maintenance the to important is powers of separation the why understand we which in it about debate public full a is there that rather but practice, or theory or tradition or outside private interest. Secondly, he found he Secondly, interest. private outside financial of sort some have servants public ten in one that First, year. this early report his in things two found General Auditor The problem. a is there then with complied not they’re if but disclosure, of mechanisms have can We declarations. have can We transparency. have can We question. core the is me, for That, interest? public the serving are government in those that trust full have we society a as that ensure we do How case? the is that that ensure we do How interest? private a serving not and interest, public the serving fact in are interest public the serve to there are who those That other? the contaminate not does one the that ensure you do how is, question The hands. change will power economic that fact the embrace and accept to going also is one politics, changing in government, changing in that inevitable It’s overlap. of degree some be will there that inevitable it’s environment transformatory social a In overlaps. intriguing interesting, very these around formed being is that establishment new a is there and politics, and business you well in that process. process. that in well you wish we and future, the in have you that debates successful many of first the is this that hope I and process, this starting for Foundation the again, once congratulate, I So theory. as well as practice in there are they that ensure to and links, those see to able be will we that debate of culture a and debate through only is It strong. fact in are institutions democratic our that and consolidates democracy our that ensure to and protect, and enhance to there is overlap the that Rather project. transformation democratic social the to counter run not does democracy liberal that game, sum zero- a not it’s that understand to exists, that synergy the understand to begin we’ll this as such debates through that and country, this in values liberal about debate new a for departure of point good a represents way, that in it put can I if era, Leon the of end the that hope I ahead. way the understanding towards road the along further move will we policy, and law of terms in as well as values, of terms in culture political our framing in that think I and argue, would I questions, core are Those responsibilities? public their eclipse but overlap, only not may that interests private have government in people where situation a accept to willing we Are hat? one than more wear regularly people which in society a in live to prepared we Are accept? to willing we are corruption much How society. a as values our about it’s end the in argue would I but important, are hand, one the on regulations, and rules The form? or shape way, any in governance democratic contaminated fact in they Have process? tendering any affected fact in they Have interest. of conflicts those of impact the at look will which report second a compiling of it, understand I as process, the in He’s obeyed. being not are rules the so disclosed, not had many that
Richard35 Calland QuestionsQuestions & Answers and Answers
Question one:
I'm Msimelelo Njwabane, from City Press. My question is for Richard Calland. You raised an issue about a new debate about liberal democracy which does not necessarily run counter to social transformation. Maybe if you guys can touch on what are some of the issues that you would highlight as important in entrenching that? If we may take the DA, for instance, it's always seen as anti-transformation, anti-black. How do you see them in a sense that Qthey claim to represent what we call liberal democracy, maybe countering that kind of
Answers: MR CALLAND: Just one very quick short and that would be, I think, healthy for point in response to our friend's question our political culture, and it would at least from City Press on liberalism. It seems to remove the labelling thing that someone me that whilst liberalism in its truest mentioned earlier that goes on with this traditional sense focuses on and emphasises badge of liberalism. It shouldn't be a badge individual rights rather than collective of dishonour but a badge of honour. rights, if you do that in this country, at this point in history, then you send out certain MR SEEPE: The question about messages. So if, as the leader of the DA, constitutionalism is interesting — as I've as Mr Leon did in March this year, you said, we need to liberate the notion of give a flagship speech to commemorate the liberalism from the whiteness, the white ten-year anniversary of the Constitution, image that it has, that many of us consider and in a long speech you fail to mention ourselves to be liberals and we don't see not only any of the collective rights, but anything wrong with that. And part of specifically the socio-economic rights, in the the biggest problem is that, because of Constitution, then what you do is you send the convenience with which we would use out a message that you don't care about the “liberals” to refer to “white”, it became a rights to clean water, the right to decent strategy, a political strategy to shut up the education, the right to adequate health DA and shut up others, so that we don't care, the right to access to health treatment allow ourselves to hear what liberalism and so on. stands for.
If you want to convey that, fine, but There is a collection of essays called Ironic then you fall into the trap of connecting Victory. One of the things that Patrick liberalism with privilege, and I think that's Laurence says in his chapter is that when a betrayal of true liberal values. And that's you look at the negotiations that resulted where, if I can offer advice to the DA, which in the drafting of the Constitution, none is certainly not my position, that's probably of the parties had a liberal connotation to the realignment that needs to take place their names. But liberal values are the ones
36 Questions and Answers
that won the day, and hence they call it We need to disempower an ironic victory. Many issues that Helen [the pejorative connotation Suzman has been championing won the day. It was the values that were espoused by liberalism invokes in South Helen Suzman that both the National Party Africa] by indicating that and the ANC could agree with. We need people like Penuell Maduna, to disempower [the pejorative connotation liberalism invokes in South Africa] by really Kader Asmal, Matthews Phosa indicating that people like Penuell Maduna, and Nelson Mandela would Kader Asmal, Matthews Phosa and Nelson have no problem in saying that Mandela would have no problem in saying that there is something of a liberal streak in there is something of a liberal them. I think the ANC could not be a broad streak in them church where there are so many different perspectives that are juxtaposed without extent, and certainly in the last twelve having certain elements of tolerance. years, some people in South Africa have used liberalism as a flag of convenience for One would think that we should go back some very illiberal politics. So I think in and ask what liberalism means? People that context one has to separate the two. have not been educated about what it means. We have distorted what it means for I think it's also very important for people political gain and political interests. who feel that we need quite a fundamental shift in economic power relations in MR FRIEDMAN: As far as your question this society, which liberals might not be about liberal democracy is concerned, comfortable with, to remember that the Sipho said most of it. I think that it radical criticism of liberalism which I is very important to separate liberal think we still take seriously today, didn't democracy as a set of ideas from the have any problems with the kind of ideas particular groups of people who have liberals were espousing about the need for been associated with those ideas in South pluralism, about the need for tolerance, Africa, which doesn't for a moment mean mutual respect and individual rights. that those people are dishonourable. I The criticism was that it didn't go far think some are, but none of those are in enough and hopefully that is a debate we this room so it doesn't matter. need to hold. But I think even those of us who would want to hold that debate would But my point is that I think that on insist that you can't seriously think of a occasion South African liberals have democratic future in South Africa which filtered their liberalism through the lens of isn't influenced by liberal ideas in very where they find themselves in this society. important ways. So I think that the process Suburban white folk very often historically, of separating the ideas from the proponents although that's changing to a certain is very important. A37 MR MANGCU: With respect to liberal What the DA should do, in my view, is to democracy, I think that parties like the concentrate on political pluralism, political DA should strategically decide what it is tolerance, and make that their core feature. that they're going to represent. I think that They could pick on any other value, but I they're too much obsessed with gaining think that there is no more important value more and more seats in Parliament and in this country right now than political winning power, and I think that's a dead tolerance. You know, for me, that is where end, if you like. I'm of the opinion that the we are. I mean, I hear you, Aubrey, when QDA in many ways is not going to expand you say we are not scared of whether we're much beyond where it is. So it seems to going to get shot or whatever. Maybe so, but me that what a party like that should do we don't know what will happen down the is say, okay, this is what we are going to line unless you have this value of tolerance trumpet for the rest of our lives and that and pluralism continually drummed up becomes a historical mandate. Because you in our society, in our communities, in our get corrupted as a party by the pursuit of newspapers, everywhere. For me that's the power, and I think that what has happened most important political value right now. to the DA.
Question two: The name is Aaron Ngema. I'd like to prefix my question or comment by saying, and I think people like Sipho and Xolela will identify with this, "Noise does not contribute to the debate," and this was the kind of teaching we had in the 1970s.
What I want to say is, the weekend events, there's a campaign to name and shame which to me means taking these people up there, hanging them out to dry and letting people take pot shots at them. What do you expect to happen? Do you expect those people to accept that, particularly in an area like KwaZulu-Natal, which to me, develops a new political culture?
Answers: MR MATSHIQI: Let me start with the I think the words "political thuggery" have name and shame campaign. I'm slightly dominated the debate about what happened constrained because I'm writing an article on Saturday, and my view is that to the tonight for Sunday about this and I would extent that what you saw was an act of have liked you to pay for those views. political thuggery, it may also have been
38 a clash between two forms of political When Mbeki was asked about thuggery; blue-collar political thuggery and the burning of t-shirts bearing white-collar political thuggery, and what we saw on Saturday may have been a response his image his response was: to what I call white-collar political thuggery, "We are a democracy and in the sense that those who protested may people have the right to have been protesting against what they perceive to be how white-collar political protest" thugs manipulate institutions, manipulate processes and systems in order to produce must bear two things in mind. Firstly, outcomes that are advantageous to them, at that not all those who had protested, not the expense of those who form part of the only on Saturday but before, in opposition blue-collar political class. to Mbeki or in support for Zuma, are members of the ANC. Support for Zuma But I think to the extent that those who in the province cuts across party-political protested on Saturday have the right to lines, so they may well find that some of protest, the democratic right to protest, them are actually not ANC members. and you will remember that last year when President Mbeki was asked about But more importantly, it may be difficult the burning of t-shirts bearing his image for the ANC in that province to act against his response was: "We are a democracy those who are ANC members, because it and people have the right to protest", so might entrench antipathies towards Mbeki. to the extent that they have the right to But they have a choice. If they do not act protest, I think we must also add to that they may be feeding into the emerging a sense of occasion. We have the right to perception that that group represents an protest. I doubt that they displayed a sense irrational stream in South African politics, of occasion by protesting in that manner at and it's quite possible that what we saw on a funeral, and to the extent that they may Saturday was a turning point for the Zuma have been motivated by antipathies towards campaign, to the extent that I think it was Mbeki and may have been expressing some terribly damaging for him and his image. support for Zuma, I think Mbeki had the best weekend he has had for a long time, MR SEEPE: Just to amplify one point in the sense that what happened at that which ties in with what Richard raised, funeral will benefit Mbeki more that it when Aubrey asks whether the ANC has benefits Zuma, in addition, of course, to the capacity and the technology. So if it what happened in the other Nguni province, goes that way [that is, if the ANC tries the Eastern Cape. to identify those who protested against President Mbeki] you might have a serious I don't know how they are going to identify situation where state resources might then them. I did not know the ANC possessed be used. This will then lead to the conflation the technology to identify them but if of party interests and state power and it they do, and they do so successfully, they becomes very important. As Aubrey says, A39 think about what it takes to actually check and what many other people say about on all those people — we know that the it. But we need to find a way in which ANC does not have that capacity. we can manage our differences without resorting to what may be considered to be The only conclusion is if they are going embarrassing situations. to do it, they will have to find resources somewhere. We have had the Oilgate MR FRIEDMAN: First of all, just on the scandal, so maybe there might be another naming and shaming thing, I think this Qsource of resources, but at the moment the raises a very important issue. From the party has claimed to be cash-strapped. sidelines as an analyst, it's not all that relevant to our conversation, but I think that some of us have been suggesting for a But we need to find a way while that a lot of the newspaper coverage in which we can manage our we've been reading which suggests that Mr Mbeki has collapsed as a political force and differences without resorting to it's just a question of when the last rites what may be considered to be will be administered, has been consistently embarrassing situations inaccurate throughout, and I think we're now seeing the evidence of that.
And the first evidence of that was the Most importantly, this points to my earlier Eastern Cape ANC Congress and the submission that we have not learnt the art of second evidence was the threat to name disagreeing without being disagreeable. We and shame, and I think there's going to be have not learnt the art of engagement. This a lot more of that sort of thing. Which gives is the culture that we have been taught, that me a context to make the point I want to you howl at those you don't agree with, you make, which is that it seems to me that deprive them of the opportunity of speaking part of what our topic today challenges us and, in so doing you deprive others of the to think about is that in a society, in most right to hear the message. societies, but certainly in a society with our political culture, it is extremely easy to At the same time it is very important that respond to people who hold opposing points we should not demonise what you may call of view or to people you find disagreeable [legitimate] protest, because people are in a way which, in theory, is perfectly unhappy. It is improper for us to pretend consistent with democratic debate. You that there's happiness even within the don't shut them up, you don't threaten Alliance. But the question is how the to act against them in any way, etc, but Alliance is going to deal with those issues. respond in a way which entirely demonises We know that those who are in the Alliance them and vilifies them. have argued that the notion of internal debates does not exist. You should actually And this happens on all sides of the read what Blade Nzimande says about that fence. On the one side of the fence there
40 was a great deal of exception taken to people go to congress, the Eastern Cape the notorious or famous “fight back” doesn't come as a solid block with 650 campaign, and I think that that issue was votes. It goes there divided; number one. at the back of that. The way in which Mr Mbeki very often talks about his Alliance Number two, I can see a backlash. partners is very much part of that. And so I can see an ethnic backlash that is we could go on. I think if we are concerned traditionally known as an ethnic fight about political culture and democracy between the ANC and the IFP. But what in this country, one of the things we you actually see is an ethnic backlash need to think about a great deal is what right in the bosom of the ANC, and the are the limits. To what extent does one violence of it actually scares me. I am say, well, okay, a democracy entitles one of those people who were literally you to say that. But by saying that, you traumatised by the violence of the 1980s so denigrated the other person, you so and there is nothing that scares me as much vilified them that really, this is no longer as people who make decisions without any a contribution to democratic exchange. It's consideration of the implications of what certainly an issue which worries me a lot they are saying or doing. because it's a big issue in this community — particularly in the sub-community I'm And I actually think that it will create a in the process of getting thrown out of sense of a power grab. In other provinces — but I think that it's a major issue for there'll be a sense in the ANC of some the society as a whole. suspicion of why a third term [is being sought]. I was on radio this morning and MR MANGCU: Given that Aubrey did a there were people, delegates who were commercial for his writing on Sunday, I'm at that conference, who say they don't going to do a commercial for my column know anything about this resolution tomorrow and the title is — well, they'll and they were at that conference. So the change the title anyway — but my title authenticity of the resolution itself is is: "Ten reasons why Thabo Mbeki should under question. reject the call for a third term." One of the reasons is that I think that the Coming back to the naming and shaming people who are calling for a third term thing, I don't know what that achieves. I are playing with fire in a most incredible, think that any high-handed approach to incredible way. I disagree with Steven those folks is not going to work, period, about what happened in the Eastern Cape and it's going to create more and more actually means. conflict and violence as we go along. I was with Stone Sizani on radio and he says the There was a very small margin of victory reason they want Mbeki to go for a third for Mr Mbeki in a province that should be term is because he's going to introduce basically his home base. The margin was stability in the ANC. I'm saying 'daah', as something like 200. So you have a deeply my daughter would say. I mean, it's the divided province there, and even as those opposite. So that's the problem. A41
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BUSINESS DA BUSINESS BLACK YELLOW MAGENTA AN AN CY 4 Page 7-Dec-2006 Y,
4 BUSINESS DAY, Thursday, December 7 2006
NATIONAL NEWS Page 4 12/07/06 01 01bd0712 pcc1 07:57:06 PM 12/06/06 BUSINESS DA BUSINESS BLACK YELLOW MAGENTA AN AN CY Media coverage coverage 4 Page 7-Dec-2006 Y, Tr o u b l e s h o o t i n g ANC flustered ahead of Rasool shuffle Mbeki third vice-chancellor Chris van Gass was ousted as provincial chairman of an “undertaking” to sell the question of the Somerset Hospital 4 BUSINESS DAY, Thursday, December 7 2006 ...... and replaced by James Nculu. Somerset Hospital site to the b u ye r s site had been clear. It would be dis- Cape Correspondent ANC provincial secretary of the Victoria & Alfred (V&A) posed of “strategically, and in an NATIONAL NEWS to step down CAPE TOWN — News of a looming Mcebisi Skwatsha said yesterday the Water front. open, competitive tender process”, term ‘raises executive council reshuffle by provincial leadership would be Questions about the prospective so that the site would benefit the Western Cape Premier Ebrahim meeting to discuss “all the issues”, sale and about Rasool’s Dubai trip, broadest empowerment interests. Rasool has caused such a furore that saying there should be “no panic”. where he stayed in the plush Burj al Rasool questioned the motive of the provincial leadership of the While Rasool said on Tuesday Arab hotel, were raised by Robyn “unnamed sources” who went to Tr o u b l e s h o o t i n g African National Congress (ANC) that “ANC officials” in the province Carlisle of the Democratic Alliance. journalists with “scurrilous accusa- spectre of ANC flustered ahead of Rasool shuffle had proposed the reshuffle, Skwat- Rasool said he went to Dubai — tions” about his Dubai visit. Mbeki third has called for an unscheduled meet- ing to discuss the matter. sha denied this yesterday, saying the part of a trip which included India, He said that by embroiling such vice-chancellor Chris van Gass was ousted as provincial chairman of an “undertaking” to sell the question of the Somerset Hospital Also on the agenda will be the provincial leadership had not asked Saudi Arabia and Turkey — at the investors in the province’s petty ...... and replaced by James Nculu. Somerset Hospital site to the b u ye r s site had been clear. It would be dis- Cape Correspondent question of an expensive trip to for such dramatic changes to be invitation of Dubai’s government. politics they were “wittingly or in ANC provincial secretary of the Victoria & Alfred (V&A) posed of “strategically, and in an Dubai last month by a government made to the provincial executive. If billed for the expenses of the ignorance” doing their best “to scare power grab’ to step down CAPE TOWN — News of a looming Mcebisi Skwatsha said yesterday the Water front. open, competitive tender process”, delegation led by Rasool. Skwatsha said there was “no trip “we will pay, but if our accom- them away”. term ‘raises executive council reshuffle by provincial leadership would be Questions about the prospective so that the site would benefit the The controversy has again high- need to do this” and also denied any modation was the hospitality of our “They think their target is Western Cape Premier Ebrahim meeting to discuss “all the issues”, sale and about Rasool’s Dubai trip, broadest empowerment interests. lighted the ongoing tension knowledge of a list of MECs to be hosts, then we will declare them as Rasool, the government or the ANC, Backlash ‘right in the bosom of the ANC’ Rasool has caused such a furore that saying there should be “no panic”. where he stayed in the plush Burj al Rasool questioned the motive of between ANC factions in the pro- re p l a c e d . gifts as is prescribed in law”, he said. but at the end of the day their target the provincial leadership of the While Rasool said on Tuesday Arab hotel, were raised by Robyn “unnamed sources” who went to vince which fell out at the last The controversy has also been Rasool said that throughout the is the poor and unemployed of the African National Congress (ANC) that “ANC officials” in the province Carlisle of the Democratic Alliance. journalists with “scurrilous accusa- provincial congress when Rasool building up for weeks, with rumours V&A development process, the province,” he said. spectre of has called for an unscheduled meet- had proposed the reshuffle, Skwat- Rasool said he went to Dubai — tions” about his Dubai visit. ing to discuss the matter. sha denied this yesterday, saying the part of a trip which included India, He said that by embroiling such Also on the agenda will be the provincial leadership had not asked Saudi Arabia and Turkey — at the investors in the province’s petty question of an expensive trip to for such dramatic changes to be invitation of Dubai’s government. politics they were “wittingly or in Prof Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan and Prof Bonganjalo Dubai last month by a government made to the provincial executive. If billed for the expenses of the ignorance” doing their best “to scare Goba at the Durban Institute of Technology. ’Sex pest’ Mashabane AIDS-drug price ‘was power grab’ delegation led by Rasool. Skwatsha said there was “no trip “we will pay, but if our accom- them away”. The controversy has again high- need to do this” and also denied any modation was the hospitality of our “They think their target is Sue Blaine Meanwhile, disci - lighted the ongoing tension knowledge of a list of MECs to be hosts, then we will declare them as Rasool, the government or the ANC, ...... plinary hearings were “in quits Limpopo post Backlash ‘right in the bosom of the ANC’ Education Correspondent tribunal’s business’ between ANC factions in the pro- re p l a c e d . gifts as is prescribed in law”, he said. but at the end of the day their target full swing” and cr iminal vince which fell out at the last The controversy has also been Rasool said that throughout the is the poor and unemployed of the DURBAN University of charges would be laid SO-CALLED “sex pest” Norman provincial congress when Rasool building up for weeks, with rumours V&A development process, the province,” he said. Technology vice-chan- soon. Mashabane has resigned with THE Competition Commission had Judge Selikowitz said in his cellor and principal Prof He said the university immediate effect from his post as acted beyond its powers by agreeing ruling that the commission was “not Bonganjalo Goba is to was awaiting the finalisa- political adviser to Limpopo pre- not to refer a complaint about the entitled to abrogate its public duty” retire at the end of this tion of a Scorpions mier Sello Moloto. pricing of antiretroviral drugs to the by failing to refer a matter simply Prof Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan and Prof Bonganjalo month, the institution i n ve s t i g a t i o n . This followed a Pretoria High Competition Tribunal, a judge ruled because it believed an agreement it Goba at the Durban Institute of Technology. ’Sex pest’ Mashabane AIDS-drug price ‘was said yesterday. It was clear the univer- Court judgment last week which re- ye s t e rd a y. had entered into would meet with Education Minister sity had made consider- instated a guilty verdict on several “The commission cannot abro- the tribunal’s approval. He said the Sue Blaine Meanwhile, disci - Naledi Pandor placed the able progress under sexual harassment charges against gate its statutory functions by agree- commission was obliged to refer to ...... plinary hearings were “in quits Limpopo post Education Correspondent tribunal’s business’ university under adminis- Goba’s direction, Jansen Ma s h a b a n e. ment,” said Judge Selwyn Selikowitz the tribunal any complaint which full swing” and cr iminal tration in August this year said. Goba, who joined The court’s decision also turned in a Competition Appeal Court involved a prohibited practice. DURBAN University of charges would be laid SO-CALLED “sex pest” Norman after an independent the institution in April last the spotlight on Foreign Affairs Min- ruling handed down in Cape Town. Because of this, it was obliged Technology vice-chan- soon. Mashabane has resigned with THE Competition Commission had Judge Selikowitz said in his assessor found a severe year, soon after it was ister Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, The ruling related to a 2002 not only to ensure that an agree- cellor and principal Prof He said the university immediate effect from his post as acted beyond its powers by agreeing ruling that the commission was “not breakdown in manage- formed by merging the who overturned a disciplinary court Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) ment such as the one with Glaxo- Xolela Mangcu, Steven Friedman, Sipho Seepe and Aubrey MatshiqiBonganjalo at Goba is to was awaiting the finalisa- political adviser to Limpopo pre- not to refer a complaint about the entitled to abrogate its public duty” ment. Pandor’s decision Mangosuthu Technikon decision implicating Mashabane in complaint to the commission that SmithKline was concluded before the Helen Suzman Foundation roundtable debate Picture: LEON SADIKIretire at the end of this tion of a Scorpions mier Sello Moloto. pricing of antiretroviral drugs to the by failing to refer a matter simply was at Goba’s instigation, with the Durban Institute sexual harassment of embassy staff. manufacturer GlaxoSmithKline was the deadline for referral or non- month, the institution i n ve s t i g a t i o n . This followed a Pretoria High Competition Tribunal, a judge ruled because it believed an agreement it said the university’s ad- of Technology, challenged Moloto made the announce- charging excessive prices for referral to the tribunal, but to allow Amy Musgrave bers at the Eastern Cape conferencesaid yesterday. It was clear the univer- Court judgment last week which re- ye s t e rd a y. had entered into would meet with ministrator, Prof Jonathan the weak leadership at the ment yesterday, saying Mashabane antiretroviral drugs. the tribunal time before the dead- ...... told him that they had not known Political Correspondent Education Minister sity had made consider- instated a guilty verdict on several “The commission cannot abro- the tribunal’s approval. He said the Ja n s e n . u n i ve r s i t y. had asked to be relieved of his Norman Mashabane In 2003 the company entered line to consider it. about the resolution. Naledi Pandor placed the able progress under sexual harassment charges against gate its statutory functions by agree- commission was obliged to refer to The university would He established a new duties. “He has asked to be relieved into a settlement agreement with “If the tribunal declined confir- THE decision to ask President Those asking Mbeki to standuniversity for under adminis- Goba’s direction, Jansen Ma s h a b a n e. ment,” said Judge Selwyn Selikowitz the tribunal any complaint which immediately advertise management structure, of his duties to focus on the prob- as the appeal authority, reversed the the TAC and the commission in mation or sought changes that the Thabo Mbeki to stand for a third a third term were playingtration a in August this year said. Goba, who joined The court’s decision also turned in a Competition Appeal Court involved a prohibited practice. Goba’s position and start oversaw the conclusion of lems he is currently experiencing,” f i n d i n g s, suggesting that Masha- terms of which it agreed to grant respondent rejected, the opportuni- term as president of the African “dangerous” game, he said. Theafter an independent the institution in April last the spotlight on Foreign Affairs Min- ruling handed down in Cape Town. Because of this, it was obliged an international search the forensic audit, the said the premier’s spokesman, Mo- bane’s name was being dragged production licences for AZT and ty to police and end an alleged National Congress (ANC) by the resolution was passed after formerassessor found a severe year, soon after it was ister Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, The ruling related to a 2002 not only to ensure that an agree- for a suitable replace- implementation of the gale Nchabeleng. through the mud for exposing mo- 3TC medicines to generic man- prohibited practice could be lost,” Eastern Cape branch of the party Eastern Cape education MEC Stonebreakdown in manage- formed by merging the who overturned a disciplinary court Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) ment such as the one with Glaxo- Xolela Mangcu, Steven Friedman, Sipho Seepe and Aubrey Matshiqi at ment, Jansen said yester- auditors’ recommend- The sexual harassment incidents tor vehicle fraud at the embassy. u f a c t u re r s. said the judge. might be interpreted as a power Sizani, a staunch ally of Mbeki,ment. Pandor’s decision Mangosuthu Technikon decision implicating Mashabane in complaint to the commission that SmithKline was concluded before the Helen Suzman Foundation roundtable debate Picture: LEON SADIKI day. “That will take a few ations, the election of a took place when he was SA’s am- The Public Servants Association The commission, equivalent to a Jonathan Berger, a spokesman grab by other members, a political narrowly beat off a rival’s challengewas at Goba’s instigation, with the Durban Institute sexual harassment of embassy staff. manufacturer GlaxoSmithKline was the deadline for referral or non- m o n t h s.” new chancellor, and bassador to Indonesia. Mashabane welcomed the high court decision, prosecutor in the justice system, did for the Aids Law Project, which analyst warned yesterday. to head the ANC in the province,said the university’s ad- of Technology, challenged Moloto made the announce- charging excessive prices for referral to the tribunal, but to allow Amy Musgrave bers at the Eastern Cape conference Until a new vice-chan- consolidated the institu- was found guilty by a disciplinary saying it cleared the name of mem- not refer the agreement to the acted for TAC in the matter, said the Xolela Mangcu, of Wits Univer- which is supposed to be Mbeki’sministrator, Prof Jonathan the weak leadership at the ment yesterday, saying Mashabane antiretroviral drugs. the tribunal time before the dead- ...... told him that they had not known Political Correspondent cellor is appointed, Prof tion’s financial health committee in 2001 of 22 counts of ber Lara Swart, one of those who tribunal — which is equivalent to a court’s decision had clarified an sity, said the perception of a power s t ro n g h o l d . Ja n s e n . u n i ve r s i t y. had asked to be relieved of his Norman Mashabane In 2003 the company entered line to consider it. about the resolution. Nqabomzi Gawe will act with “positive and healthy sexual harassment that included laid a complaint of sexual harass- court — for verification. important legal principle. He said grab could create a backlash “right The ANC’s presidential succes-The university would He established a new duties. “He has asked to be relieved into a settlement agreement with “If the tribunal declined confir- THE decision to ask President Those asking Mbeki to stand for as vice-chancellor. Gawe reserves”, Jansen said. stroking the buttocks of an employ- ment against Mashabane. When the issue was later taken this was important for the way the in the bosom of the ANC” and re s u l t sion battle is believed to haveimmediately advertise management structure, of his duties to focus on the prob- as the appeal authority, reversed the the TAC and the commission in mation or sought changes that the Thabo Mbeki to stand for a third a third term were playing a is deputy vice-chancellor The university was ee, molesting a staff member in a lift Mashabane started working as directly to the tribunal by another commission needed to operate, but in some kind of violence. “(The resulted in people heckling MbekiGoba’s position and start oversaw the conclusion of lems he is currently experiencing,” f i n d i n g s, suggesting that Masha- terms of which it agreed to grant respondent rejected, the opportuni- term as president of the African “dangerous” game, he said. The for corporate governance now on the road to health, and making suggestive motions the premier’s political adviser in group, the international Aids the decision did not affect the third term) will create in the country and walking out on him at thean re- international search the forensic audit, the said the premier’s spokesman, Mo- bane’s name was being dragged production licences for AZT and ty to police and end an alleged National Congress (ANC) by the resolution was passed after former and administration and thanks to Goba’s with his tongue to another. Nove m b e r. Opposition parties and Healthcare Foundation, the status validity of the Gl a xo Sm i t h K l i n e a sense of a power grab (because) burial of ANC stalwart Moses Mab-for a suitable replace- implementation of the gale Nchabeleng. through the mud for exposing mo- 3TC medicines to generic man- prohibited practice could be lost,” Eastern Cape branch of the party Eastern Cape education MEC Stone will start his acting posi- leadership, he said. The panel recommended he be unions have called on Dlamini-Zu- of the agreement was raised. The a g re e m e n t . some people in the ANC are going to hida in Pietermaritzburg on Satur-ment, Jansen said yester- auditors’ recommend- The sexual harassment incidents tor vehicle fraud at the embassy. u f a c t u re r s. said the judge. might be interpreted as a power Sizani, a staunch ally of Mbeki, tion next month. Goba is to return to his fired, but he appealed against the ma to apologise to the victims and tribunal, however, declined to ratify “The bottom line is that GSK... be questioning the reason for the day. Although the group hasday. not “That will take a few ations, the election of a took place when he was SA’s am- The Public Servants Association The commission, equivalent to a Jonathan Berger, a spokesman grab by other members, a political narrowly beat off a rival’s challenge Jansen said the univer- scholarship in theological judgment and was allowed to con- women who might have been dis- the pact because it said the time for entered into agreements with the third term,” he said. been identified, it is believed theym o n t h s.” new chancellor, and bassador to Indonesia. Mashabane welcomed the high court decision, prosecutor in the justice system, did for the Aids Law Project, which analyst warned yesterday. to head the ANC in the province, sity was implementing e t h i c s. tinue in his post pending the suaded from pursuing a claim of ha - referral had expired. GlaxoSmith- commission and our clients, and Mangcu was participating in a were Zu m a suppor ters. Until a new vice-chan- consolidated the institu- was found guilty by a disciplinary saying it cleared the name of mem- not refer the agreement to the acted for TAC in the matter, said the Xolela Mangcu, of Wits Univer- which is supposed to be Mbeki’s recommendations made He was not available o u t c o m e. rassment for fear of being accused Kline then appealed the tribunal’s those agreements remain valid and Helen Suzman Foundation round- The analysts also criticised ANCcellor is appointed, Prof tion’s financial health committee in 2001 of 22 counts of ber Lara Swart, one of those who tribunal — which is equivalent to a court’s decision had clarified an sity, said the perception of a power s t ro n g h o l d . by forensic auditors. for comment yesterday. However, Dlamini-Zuma, acting of inventing the incident. Sapa decision. binding,” he said. Sapa table debate on the country’s un- secretary-general Kgalema Mot-Nqabomzi Gawe will act with “positive and healthy sexual harassment that included laid a complaint of sexual harass- court — for verification. important legal principle. He said grab could create a backlash “right The ANC’s presidential succes- folding political situation with other lanthe’s decision to identify andas vice-chancellor. Gawe reserves”, Jansen said. stroking the buttocks of an employ- ment against Mashabane. When the issue was later taken this was important for the way the in the bosom of the ANC” and re s u l t sion battle is believed to have political analysts in Johannesburg shame those responsible foris the deputy vice-chancellor The university was ee, molesting a staff member in a lift Mashabane started working as directly to the tribunal by another commission needed to operate, but in some kind of violence. “(The resulted in people heckling Mbeki ye s t e rd a y. heckling and the blowing of vuvuze-for corporate governance now on the road to health, and making suggestive motions the premier’s political adviser in group, the international Aids the decision did not affect the third term) will create in the country and walking out on him at the re- On Sunday, the ANC in Easter n las when Mbeki spoke. and administration and thanks to Goba’s with his tongue to another. Nove m b e r. Opposition parties and Healthcare Foundation, the status validity of the Gl a xo Sm i t h K l i n e a sense of a power grab (because) burial of ANC stalwart Moses Mab- Cape passed a resolution encourag- Aubrey Matshiqi, senior associ-will start his acting posi- leadership, he said. The panel recommended he be unions have called on Dlamini-Zu- of the agreement was raised. The a g re e m e n t . some people in the ANC are going to hida in Pietermaritzburg on Satur- UN agency welcomes SA HIV policy switch ing Mbeki to stand for a third term ate political analyst with the Centretion next month. Goba is to return to his fired, but he appealed against the ma to apologise to the victims and tribunal, however, declined to ratify “The bottom line is that GSK... be questioning the reason for the day. Although the group has not as party leader ahead of the elective for Political Studies, said the groupJansen said the univer- scholarship in theological judgment and was allowed to con- women who might have been dis- the pact because it said the time for entered into agreements with the third term,” he said. been identified, it is believed they GOVERNMENT’s accelerated effort Mlambo-Ngcuka said govern- bo-Ngcuka and Deputy Health Min- treatment in the past two years. It conference in December next year. had the right to protest. He said sitythe was implementing e t h i c s. tinue in his post pending the suaded from pursuing a claim of ha - referral had expired. GlaxoSmith- commission and our clients, and Mangcu was participating in a were Zu m a suppor ters. to contain the impact of HIV/AIDS ment’s plan was to halve the annual ister Nozizwe Madlala-Routledge now had the fastest-growing uptake Although the ANC’s constitution name-and-shame campaign wouldrecommendations made He was not available o u t c o m e. rassment for fear of being accused Kline then appealed the tribunal’s those agreements remain valid and Helen Suzman Foundation round- The analysts also criticised ANC would move SA from a confronta- toll of new HIV infections by 2011. have been widely seen as steering and largest number of people on does not stipulate how long Mbeki be difficult as some of them mightby forensic auditors. for comment yesterday. However, Dlamini-Zuma, acting of inventing the incident. Sapa decision. binding,” he said. Sapa table debate on the country’s un- secretary-general Kgalema Mot- tional platform of reactive crisis Unicef said: “The promise of a the country’s HIV/AIDS programme antiretroviral treatment. can remain as president, many in not be ANC members. They were folding political situation with other lanthe’s decision to identify and management to a win-win platform new partnership and newfound re- in a positive direction. However, the organisation said the party, including the ANC Youth there because Zuma, who spoke at political analysts in Johannesburg shame those responsible for the of comprehensive response, the spect between government and civil Lobbying groups such as the treatment for infants infected by League, want his deputy, Jacob Zu- the event, had support in KwaZulu- ye s t e rd a y. heckling and the blowing of vuvuze- United Nations Children’s Fund society gives hope to all of us, not AIDS Law Project and the Treatment their mothers continued to lag ma, to succeed him. Natal across political party lines. On Sunday, the ANC in Easter n las when Mbeki spoke. (Unicef) said yesterday. least the millions of poor and Action Campaign said there had behind that of treatment for adults Although Mbeki has said he will Matshiqi and Prof Sipho Seepe, Cape passed a resolution encourag- Aubrey Matshiqi, senior associ- The comment comes after voiceless, including children, who been a noticeable difference in by an “unacceptable margin”. not serve another term as president director of the Henley Management UN agency welcomes SA HIV policy switch ing Mbeki to stand for a third term ate political analyst with the Centre Deputy President Phumzile all desperately need government to government’s attitude in Tshabal- Unicef also urged government to of SA, he has not ruled out remain- College, questioned what resources as party leader ahead of the elective for Political Studies, said the group Mlambo-Ngcuka launched a new accelerate prevention treatment ala-Msimang’s a b s e n c e. redouble efforts to ensure preven- ing president of the ruling party, the ANC had to carry out such a GOVERNMENT’s accelerated effort Mlambo-Ngcuka said govern- bo-Ngcuka and Deputy Health Min- treatment in the past two years. It conference in December next year. had the right to protest. He said the national strategic plan to fight the and response.” Unicef country representative tion and treatment went hand-in- possibly in a bid to prevent Zuma punitive campaign. to contain the impact of HIV/AIDS ment’s plan was to halve the annual ister Nozizwe Madlala-Routledge now had the fastest-growing uptake Although the ANC’s constitution name-and-shame campaign would HIV/AIDS epidemic during World Since Health Minister Manto Macharia Kamau said SA had made glove to secure children’s survival taking over the party. 42 would move SA from a confronta- toll of new HIV infections by 2011. have been widely seen as steering and largest number of people on does not stipulate how long Mbeki be difficult as some of them might AIDS Day in Nelspruit last Friday. Tshabalala-Msimang fell ill, Mlam- great strides in the provision of for a better f u t u re. Sapa Ma n g c u said some ANC mem- Comment: Page 10 tional platform of reactive crisis Unicef said: “The promise of a the country’s HIV/AIDS programme antiretroviral treatment. can remain as president, many in not be ANC members. They were management to a win-win platform new partnership and newfound re- in a positive direction. However, the organisation said the party, including the ANC Youth there because Zuma, who spoke at of comprehensive response, the spect between government and civil Lobbying groups such as the treatment for infants infected by League, want his deputy, Jacob Zu- the event, had support in KwaZulu- United Nations Children’s Fund society gives hope to all of us, not AIDS Law Project and the Treatment their mothers continued to lag ma, to succeed him. Natal across political party lines. (Unicef) said yesterday. least the millions of poor and Action Campaign said there had behind that of treatment for adults Although Mbeki has said he will Matshiqi and Prof Sipho Seepe, The comment comes after voiceless, including children, who been a noticeable difference in by an “unacceptable margin”. not serve another term as president director of the Henley Management Deputy President Phumzile all desperately need government to government’s attitude in Tshabal- Unicef also urged government to of SA, he has not ruled out remain- College, questioned what resources Mlambo-Ngcuka launched a new accelerate prevention treatment ala-Msimang’s a b s e n c e. redouble efforts to ensure preven- ing president of the ruling party, the ANC had to carry out such a national strategic plan to fight the and response.” Unicef country representative tion and treatment went hand-in- possibly in a bid to prevent Zuma punitive campaign. HIV/AIDS epidemic during World Since Health Minister Manto Macharia Kamau said SA had made glove to secure children’s survival taking over the party. AIDS Day in Nelspruit last Friday. Tshabalala-Msimang fell ill, Mlam- great strides in the provision of for a better f u t u re. Sapa Ma n g c u said some ANC mem- Comment: Page 10 Media coverage
Page 4 12/07/06 01 01bd0712 pcc1 07:57:06 PM 12/06/06
BUSINESS DA BUSINESS BLACK YELLOW MAGENTA AN AN CY 4 Page 7-Dec-2006 Y,
4 BUSINESS DAY, Thursday,Friday, December December 87 2006 NATIONAL NEWS Tr o u b l e s h o o t i n g ANC flustered ahead of Rasool shuffle Mbeki third vice-chancellor Chris van Gass was ousted as provincial chairman of an “undertaking” to sell the question of the Somerset Hospital ...... and replaced by James Nculu. Somerset Hospital site to the b u ye r s site had been clear. It would be dis- Cape Correspondent ANC provincial secretary of the Victoria & Alfred (V&A) posed of “strategically, and in an to step down CAPE TOWN — News of a looming Mcebisi Skwatsha said yesterday the Water front. open, competitive tender process”, term ‘raises executive council reshuffle by provincial leadership would be Questions about the prospective so that the site would benefit the Western Cape Premier Ebrahim meeting to discuss “all the issues”, sale and about Rasool’s Dubai trip, broadest empowerment interests. Rasool has caused such a furore that saying there should be “no panic”. where he stayed in the plush Burj al Rasool questioned the motive of the provincial leadership of the While Rasool said on Tuesday Arab hotel, were raised by Robyn “unnamed sources” who went to African National Congress (ANC) that “ANC officials” in the province Carlisle of the Democratic Alliance. journalists with “scurrilous accusa- spectre of has called for an unscheduled meet- had proposed the reshuffle, Skwat- Rasool said he went to Dubai — tions” about his Dubai visit. ing to discuss the matter. sha denied this yesterday, saying the part of a trip which included India, He said that by embroiling such Also on the agenda will be the provincial leadership had not asked Saudi Arabia and Turkey — at the investors in the province’s petty question of an expensive trip to for such dramatic changes to be invitation of Dubai’s government. politics they were “wittingly or in Dubai last month by a government made to the provincial executive. If billed for the expenses of the ignorance” doing their best “to scare power grab’ delegation led by Rasool. Skwatsha said there was “no trip “we will pay, but if our accom- them away”. The controversy has again high- need to do this” and also denied any modation was the hospitality of our “They think their target is lighted the ongoing tension knowledge of a list of MECs to be hosts, then we will declare them as Rasool, the government or the ANC, between ANC factions in the pro- re p l a c e d . gifts as is prescribed in law”, he said. but at the end of the day their target Backlash ‘right in the bosom of the ANC’ vince which fell out at the last The controversy has also been Rasool said that throughout the is the poor and unemployed of the provincial congress when Rasool building up for weeks, with rumours V&A development process, the province,” he said.
Prof Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan and Prof Bonganjalo Goba at the Durban Institute of Technology.43 ’Sex pest’ Mashabane AIDS-drug price ‘was Sue Blaine Meanwhile, disci - ...... plinary hearings were “in quits Limpopo post Education Correspondent tribunal’s business’ full swing” and cr iminal DURBAN University of charges would be laid SO-CALLED “sex pest” Norman Technology vice-chan- soon. Mashabane has resigned with THE Competition Commission had Judge Selikowitz said in his cellor and principal Prof He said the university immediate effect from his post as acted beyond its powers by agreeing ruling that the commission was “not Bonganjalo Goba is to was awaiting the finalisa- political adviser to Limpopo pre- not to refer a complaint about the entitled to abrogate its public duty” retire at the end of this tion of a Scorpions mier Sello Moloto. pricing of antiretroviral drugs to the by failing to refer a matter simply month, the institution i n ve s t i g a t i o n . This followed a Pretoria High Competition Tribunal, a judge ruled because it believed an agreement it said yesterday. It was clear the univer- Court judgment last week which re- ye s t e rd a y. had entered into would meet with Education Minister sity had made consider- instated a guilty verdict on several “The commission cannot abro- the tribunal’s approval. He said the Naledi Pandor placed the able progress under sexual harassment charges against gate its statutory functions by agree- commission was obliged to refer to university under adminis- Goba’s direction, Jansen Ma s h a b a n e. ment,” said Judge Selwyn Selikowitz the tribunal any complaint which tration in August this year said. Goba, who joined The court’s decision also turned in a Competition Appeal Court involved a prohibited practice. after an independent the institution in April last the spotlight on Foreign Affairs Min- ruling handed down in Cape Town. Because of this, it was obliged assessor found a severe year, soon after it was ister Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, The ruling related to a 2002 not only to ensure that an agree- breakdown in manage- formed by merging the who overturned a disciplinary court Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) ment such as the one with Glaxo- Xolela Mangcu, Steven Friedman, Sipho Seepe and Aubrey Matshiqi at ment. Pandor’s decision Mangosuthu Technikon decision implicating Mashabane in complaint to the commission that SmithKline was concluded before the Helen Suzman Foundation roundtable debate Picture: LEON SADIKI was at Goba’s instigation, with the Durban Institute sexual harassment of embassy staff. manufacturer GlaxoSmithKline was the deadline for referral or non- said the university’s ad- of Technology, challenged Moloto made the announce- charging excessive prices for referral to the tribunal, but to allow Amy Musgrave bers at the Eastern Cape conference ministrator, Prof Jonathan the weak leadership at the ment yesterday, saying Mashabane antiretroviral drugs. the tribunal time before the dead- ...... told him that they had not known Political Correspondent Ja n s e n . u n i ve r s i t y. had asked to be relieved of his Norman Mashabane In 2003 the company entered line to consider it. about the resolution. The university would He established a new duties. “He has asked to be relieved into a settlement agreement with “If the tribunal declined confir- THE decision to ask President Those asking Mbeki to stand for immediately advertise management structure, of his duties to focus on the prob- as the appeal authority, reversed the the TAC and the commission in mation or sought changes that the Thabo Mbeki to stand for a third a third term were playing a Goba’s position and start oversaw the conclusion of lems he is currently experiencing,” f i n d i n g s, suggesting that Masha- terms of which it agreed to grant respondent rejected, the opportuni- term as president of the African “dangerous” game, he said. The an international search the forensic audit, the said the premier’s spokesman, Mo- bane’s name was being dragged production licences for AZT and ty to police and end an alleged National Congress (ANC) by the resolution was passed after former for a suitable replace- implementation of the gale Nchabeleng. through the mud for exposing mo- 3TC medicines to generic man- prohibited practice could be lost,” Eastern Cape branch of the party Eastern Cape education MEC Stone ment, Jansen said yester- auditors’ recommend- The sexual harassment incidents tor vehicle fraud at the embassy. u f a c t u re r s. said the judge. might be interpreted as a power Sizani, a staunch ally of Mbeki, day. “That will take a few ations, the election of a took place when he was SA’s am- The Public Servants Association The commission, equivalent to a Jonathan Berger, a spokesman grab by other members, a political narrowly beat off a rival’s challenge m o n t h s.” new chancellor, and bassador to Indonesia. Mashabane welcomed the high court decision, prosecutor in the justice system, did for the Aids Law Project, which analyst warned yesterday. to head the ANC in the province, Until a new vice-chan- consolidated the institu- was found guilty by a disciplinary saying it cleared the name of mem- not refer the agreement to the acted for TAC in the matter, said the Xolela Mangcu, of Wits Univer- which is supposed to be Mbeki’s cellor is appointed, Prof tion’s financial health committee in 2001 of 22 counts of ber Lara Swart, one of those who tribunal — which is equivalent to a court’s decision had clarified an sity, said the perception of a power s t ro n g h o l d . Nqabomzi Gawe will act with “positive and healthy sexual harassment that included laid a complaint of sexual harass- court — for verification. important legal principle. He said grab could create a backlash “right The ANC’s presidential succes- as vice-chancellor. Gawe reserves”, Jansen said. stroking the buttocks of an employ- ment against Mashabane. When the issue was later taken this was important for the way the in the bosom of the ANC” and re s u l t sion battle is believed to have is deputy vice-chancellor The university was ee, molesting a staff member in a lift Mashabane started working as directly to the tribunal by another commission needed to operate, but in some kind of violence. “(The resulted in people heckling Mbeki for corporate governance now on the road to health, and making suggestive motions the premier’s political adviser in group, the international Aids the decision did not affect the third term) will create in the country and walking out on him at the re- and administration and thanks to Goba’s with his tongue to another. Nove m b e r. Opposition parties and Healthcare Foundation, the status validity of the Gl a xo Sm i t h K l i n e a sense of a power grab (because) burial of ANC stalwart Moses Mab- will start his acting posi- leadership, he said. The panel recommended he be unions have called on Dlamini-Zu- of the agreement was raised. The a g re e m e n t . some people in the ANC are going to hida in Pietermaritzburg on Satur- tion next month. Goba is to return to his fired, but he appealed against the ma to apologise to the victims and tribunal, however, declined to ratify “The bottom line is that GSK... be questioning the reason for the day. Although the group has not Jansen said the univer- scholarship in theological judgment and was allowed to con- women who might have been dis- the pact because it said the time for entered into agreements with the third term,” he said. been identified, it is believed they sity was implementing e t h i c s. tinue in his post pending the suaded from pursuing a claim of ha - referral had expired. GlaxoSmith- commission and our clients, and Mangcu was participating in a were Zu m a suppor ters. recommendations made He was not available o u t c o m e. rassment for fear of being accused Kline then appealed the tribunal’s those agreements remain valid and Helen Suzman Foundation round- The analysts also criticised ANC by forensic auditors. for comment yesterday. However, Dlamini-Zuma, acting of inventing the incident. Sapa decision. binding,” he said. Sapa table debate on the country’s un- secretary-general Kgalema Mot- folding political situation with other lanthe’s decision to identify and political analysts in Johannesburg shame those responsible for the ye s t e rd a y. heckling and the blowing of vuvuze- On Sunday, the ANC in Easter n las when Mbeki spoke. Cape passed a resolution encourag- Aubrey Matshiqi, senior associ- UN agency welcomes SA HIV policy switch ing Mbeki to stand for a third term ate political analyst with the Centre as party leader ahead of the elective for Political Studies, said the group GOVERNMENT’s accelerated effort Mlambo-Ngcuka said govern- bo-Ngcuka and Deputy Health Min- treatment in the past two years. It conference in December next year. had the right to protest. He said the to contain the impact of HIV/AIDS ment’s plan was to halve the annual ister Nozizwe Madlala-Routledge now had the fastest-growing uptake Although the ANC’s constitution name-and-shame campaign would would move SA from a confronta- toll of new HIV infections by 2011. have been widely seen as steering and largest number of people on does not stipulate how long Mbeki be difficult as some of them might tional platform of reactive crisis Unicef said: “The promise of a the country’s HIV/AIDS programme antiretroviral treatment. can remain as president, many in not be ANC members. They were management to a win-win platform new partnership and newfound re- in a positive direction. However, the organisation said the party, including the ANC Youth there because Zuma, who spoke at of comprehensive response, the spect between government and civil Lobbying groups such as the treatment for infants infected by League, want his deputy, Jacob Zu- the event, had support in KwaZulu- United Nations Children’s Fund society gives hope to all of us, not AIDS Law Project and the Treatment their mothers continued to lag ma, to succeed him. Natal across political party lines. (Unicef) said yesterday. least the millions of poor and Action Campaign said there had behind that of treatment for adults Although Mbeki has said he will Matshiqi and Prof Sipho Seepe, The comment comes after voiceless, including children, who been a noticeable difference in by an “unacceptable margin”. not serve another term as president director of the Henley Management Deputy President Phumzile all desperately need government to government’s attitude in Tshabal- Unicef also urged government to of SA, he has not ruled out remain- College, questioned what resources Mlambo-Ngcuka launched a new accelerate prevention treatment ala-Msimang’s a b s e n c e. redouble efforts to ensure preven- ing president of the ruling party, the ANC had to carry out such a national strategic plan to fight the and response.” Unicef country representative tion and treatment went hand-in- possibly in a bid to prevent Zuma punitive campaign. HIV/AIDS epidemic during World Since Health Minister Manto Macharia Kamau said SA had made glove to secure children’s survival taking over the party. AIDS Day in Nelspruit last Friday. Tshabalala-Msimang fell ill, Mlam- great strides in the provision of for a better f u t u re. Sapa Ma n g c u said some ANC mem- Comment: Page 10 RelevantRelevant articles articles
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