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New Lichens and Lichen Records from Papua New Guinea, with the Description of Crustospathula, a New Genus in the Bacidiaceae

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New Lichens and Lichen Records from Papua New Guinea, with the Description of Crustospathula, a New Genus in the Bacidiaceae 25 Tropical Bryology 14: 25-34, 1998 New lichens and lichen records from Papua New Guinea, with the description of Crustospathula, a new genus in the Bacidiaceae André Aptroot Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, P.O. Box 273, NL-3740 AG Baarn, The Netherlands. ABSTRACT: Several lichen species are reported from the first time from New Guinea, based on material collected by the author in 1995. The following new taxa are described: Crustospathula cartilaginea gen. et spec. nov., Pseudopyrenula serusiauxii spec. nov. and Trypethelium galligenum spec. nov. Psoroma papuana Aptroot & Diederich nom. nov. is proposed as new name for Psoroma pannarioides Aptroot & Diederich. INTRODUCTION collections seem to represent new species and are described below. Although only one or few The lichen flora of tropical areas is still much collections are available, there is little doubt that underworked. Papua New Guinea is no they represent new species. They are widely dif- exception, although recently many additional ferent from all hitherto known species, even when species have been reported or described (e.g. applying wide species concepts. It is noticeable Aptroot et al. 1997) and over 1000 species are that the more than 100 collections of the genus now known. From 14 October until 3 November Pyrenula from the 1995 expedition could all be 1995 the author made a collecting trip to Papua identified with the key in Aptroot et al. (1997), New Guinea, the third in a series, this time except for two lowland specimens. They seem together with Dr. E. Sérusiaux, Mr. P. Lambley close to the upland species P. pileata Vainio but and Dr. H.J.M. Sipman. The most important aim differ in some important respects. of this trip was to collect ascomycetes from undisturbed tropical forests at various altitudinal Another most unusual discovery concerned a zones. crustose lichen with very unusual, stalked soredia. It was found in an undisturbed rain forest area. It Among the collected material, two pyrenocarpous does not fit in any known genus and is therefore 26 described here in a new genus in the Bacidiaceae. 6 16 October 1995 Northern Province, Owen Stanley Range, Myola, c. 3 km NE of In addition to the new genus and species, several guesthouse. 9º 08’ S, 147º 47’ E. 2700 lichen species not previously recorded from New m. In treefern grassland in deep valley Guinea were discovered. These are reported (frost hollow). below as well. 7 17 October 1995 Northern Province, Owen Stanley Range, Myola, c 0.5 km along trail from guesthouse to Naduri. 9º 09’ MATERIAL AND METHODS S, 147º 46’ E. 2100 m. In primary mon- tane forest. All material has been investigated with an 8 18 October 1995 Northern Province, Owen Olympus BH microscope with Nomarski Stanley Range, Myola, near guesthouse. interference contrast. Slides have been mounted 9º 09’ S, 147º 46’ E. 2100 m. In open in tap water, from which drawings have been grassland on bare rock and soil on bank made using a camera lucida, or in IKI (Lugol) in of Iora creek. order to observe iodine reactions. The specimens 9 19 October 1995 Central Province, Owen Stan- are preserved in Herb. Aptroot, except for the ley Range, trail from Myola to Naduri. types, which are deposited in B. 9º 08’ S, 147º 41’ E. 2300 m. In primary montane forest on the Gap. List of collecting localities: 10 19, 20 October 1995 Central Province, Owen Stanley Range, trail from Myola to 1 14-19 October 1995 Northern Province, Owen Naduri. 9º 08’ S, 147º 41’ E. 1800 m. Stanley Range, Myola, surroundings of In montane forest remnants along trail guesthouse. 9º 09’ S, 147º 46’ E. 2100 from the Gap downwards. m. Scattered trees in grassland, fences, 11 19, 20 October 1995 Central Province, Owen margin of forest. Stanley Range, surroundings of Naduri 2 14 October 1995 Northern Province, Owen village. 9º 08’ S, 147º 41’ E. 1600 m. Stanley Range, Myola, near guesthouse, Secondary vegetation and gardens. along Iora river. 9º 09’ S, 147º 46’ E. 12 20, 21 October 1995 Central Province, Owen 2100 m. In primary montane forest in Stanley Range, Kagi village. 9º 08’ S, valley. 147º 40’ E. 1400 m. Secondary 3 14-19 October 1995 Northern Province, Owen vegetation and gardens. Stanley Range, Myola, near guesthouse. 13 20, 21 October 1995 Central Province, Owen 9º 09’ S, 147º 46’ E. 2100 m. Open grass Stanley Range, Kagi village, along vegetation with scattered shrubs and Kokoda Trail towards Gap. 9º 08’ S, boulders on gravel deposits along Iora 147º 40’ E. 1700 m. Lithocarpus forest river. on mountain ridge. 4 15 October 1995 Northern Province, Owen 14 23 October 1995 Central Province, c 22 km E Stanley Range, Myola, 0-1 km along of Port Moresby, Varirata National trail from guesthouse towards NE, on Park, along entrance road. 9º 26’ S, 147º the right bank of Iora river. 9º 09’ S, 21’ E. c. 700 m. Regularly burnt 147º 46’ E. 2100-2400 m. In primary Eucalyptus forest. montane forest on mountain slope. 15 23 October 1995 Central Province, c 22 km E 5 16 October 1995 Northern Province, Owen of Port Moresby, Varirata National Stanley Range, Myola, c. 2 km along Park, near headquarters. 9º 26’ S, 147º trail from guesthouse towards NE, on 21’ E. c. 800 m. Forest remnants and the right bank of Iora river. 9º 08’ S, conglomerate rock outcrops in clearing 147º 47’ E. 2400-2800 m. In primary along stream. montane forest with Phyllocladus sp. 16 23 October 1995 Central Province, c 22 km E and Podocarpus sp. on mountain ridge. of Port Moresby, Varirata National 27 Park, near Varirata Lookout. 9º 26’ S, 27 1 November 1995 Madang Province, Budub 147º 21’ E. c. 800 m. Dry secondary village, Ari logging site, c. 20 km NW forest with Casuarina and Eucalyptus of Madang. 5º 02.6’ S, 145º 44.5’ E. 150 and conglomerate rock outcrops. m. On tree trunks in primary forest. 17 24 October 1995 -14 November 1995 Madang 28 3 November 1995 Madang Province, Balek Province, Jais Aben Resort c 10 km NW Wildlife Sanctuary, c. 15 km S of of Madang. 5º 09.4’ S, 145º 48.2’ E. 1 Madang along road to Lae. 5º 18’ S, m. Cocos plantation at the coast. 145º 43’ E. c. 20 m. On tree trunks in 18 25-27 October 1995 Madang Province, c 10 gardens and forest relics on top of km W of Bogia, Laing island in Hansa former reef and in primary forest behind Bay. 4º 10.4’ S, 144º 52.5’ E. 1 m. it. Coastal primary forest. 19 28 October 1995 Madang Province, S side of Ramu valley, Brahman Mission, along NEW SPECIES AND GENERA road to Bundi. 5º 45’ S, 145º 17’ E. 500 m. Forest remnants and rock outcrops Crustospathula cartilaginea Aptroot gen. et sp. near stream in deep valley. nov. (Bacidiaceae) 20 29 October 1995 Madang Province, S side of Ramu valley, 8-10 km W of Brahman Figs 1, 5, 6. Mission. 5º 44.9’ S, 145º 19.7’ E. 100 Diagnosis: Ascomycetes lichenisati Bacidi- m. Logging site in lowland forest acearum, thallo crustaceo, algis chlorococcoideis, remnant. sorediis labriformibus, stipitatis, stipibus 21 29 October 1995 Madang Province, S side of cartilagineis, apotheciis pallidis, ascis typo Ramu valley, c. 3 km W of Brahman Bacidia, ascosporis acicularibus, curvatis, 0-3- Mission. 5º 45.0’ S, 145º 20.9’ E. 150 septatis, 20-25 x 0.8-1.5 ìm, atranorinum m. Lowland forest regrowth after continentes. selective logging. 22 29 October 1995 Madang Province, S side of Typus: Papua New Guinea, Madang Province, Ramu valley, c. 2 km W of Brahman foothills of Finisterre range, 40.8 km along road Mission. 5º 45.0’ S, 145º 20.9’ E. 150 Madang-Lae. 5º 26’ S, 145º 34’ E. 200 m. In m. Lowland forest regrowth after undisturbed tropical lowland rain forest, growing selective logging. at a height of 3-5 m on branches and stem of a c. 23 30 October 1995 Madang Province, S side of 3 cm thick, aromatic, sapling. Aptroot 36411, 2 Ramu valley, 11 km W of Brahman November 1995 (B, holotype; LG, Herb. Aptroot, Mission. 5º 44.9’ S, 145º 19.7’ E. 100 isotypes). m. Logging site in lowland forest remnant. Thallus crustose, indeterminate, covering areas 24 30 October 1995 Madang Province, Ramu of up to 10 cm diam., somewhat greyish green, valley, 10 km W of Ramu Sugar factory. continuous, minutely verruculose with warts up c. 6º S, 146º E. 100 m. On conglomerate to 0.1 mm diam., delimited by a thin, whitish boulders in grassland. hypothallus. Soredia copiously present, stalked, 25 31 October & 2 November 1995 Madang starting as pinkish, cartilaginous warts of c. 0.3 Province, foothills of Finisterre range, mm diam. and up to 0.3 mm high, soon forming 40.8 km along road Madang-Lae. 5º 26’ simple or 1-2 times branched, spathuliform S, 145º 34’ E. 200 m. Primary forest. cartilaginous, up to 3 mm high, branches which 26 1 November 1995 Madang Province, Baitata are up to 0.5 mm wide at the basis. These expand logging site, c. 30 km NW of Madang. at the tips and dissolve at the lower side of the 5º 00.5’ S, 145º 45.9’ E. 50 m. On thin tips into whitish to pale greenish, labriform or trunks in undergrowth of disturbed crenately lobed, up to 2 mm wide, powdery forest. soralia. Soredia 8-16 ìm diam., containing only 28 Fig. 1. Ascus, paraphyses and ascospores of Crustospathula cartilaginea (type).
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