Phylogeny of Rock-Inhabiting Fungi Related to Dothideomycetes
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Ascomycota, Trypetheliaceae)
A peer-reviewed open-access journal MycoKeys 34: 25–34 (2018)Architrypethelium murisporum (Ascomycota, Trypetheliaceae)... 25 doi: 10.3897/mycokeys.34.23836 RESEARCH ARTICLE MycoKeys http://mycokeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Architrypethelium murisporum (Ascomycota, Trypetheliaceae), a remarkable new lichen species from Thailand challenging ascospore septation as an indicator of phylogenetic relationships Theerapat Luangsuphabool1, H. Thorsten Lumbsch2, Jittra Piapukiew3, Ek Sangvichien1 1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand2 Science & Edu- cation, The Field Museum, Chicago, Illinois, USA 3 Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand Corresponding author: H. Thorsten Lumbsch ([email protected]) Academic editor: P. Divakar | Received 23 January 2018 | Accepted 21 April 2018 | Published 10 May 2018 Citation: Luangsuphabool T, Lumbsch HT, Piapukiew J, Sangvichien E (2018) Architrypethelium murisporum (Ascomycota, Trypetheliaceae), a remarkable new lichen species from Thailand challenging ascospore septation as an indicator of phylogenetic relationships. MycoKeys 34: 25–34. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.34.23836 Abstract Architrypethelium murisporum Luangsuphabool, Lumbsch & Sangvichien is described for a crustose lichen occurring in dry evergreen forest in Thailand. It is characterised by a green to yellow-green corticated thal- lus, perithecia fused in black pseudostromata with white rim surrounding the ostiole and small, hyaline and muriform ascospores. Currently, all species in the genus Architrypethelium have transversely septate ascospores, hence the discovery of this new species indicates that ascospore septation is variable within the genus, similar to numerous other groups of lichen-forming ascomycetes. Phylogenetic analyses of two loci (mtSSU and nuLSU) supported the position of the new species within Architrypethelium. -
Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve Management Plan 2011-2016
Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve Management Plan 2011-2016 April 1981 Revised, May 1982 2nd revision, April 1983 3rd revision, December 1999 4th revision, May 2011 Prepared for U.S. Department of Commerce Ohio Department of Natural Resources National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Division of Wildlife Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management 2045 Morse Road, Bldg. G Estuarine Reserves Division Columbus, Ohio 1305 East West Highway 43229-6693 Silver Spring, MD 20910 This management plan has been developed in accordance with NOAA regulations, including all provisions for public involvement. It is consistent with the congressional intent of Section 315 of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, and the provisions of the Ohio Coastal Management Program. OWC NERR Management Plan, 2011 - 2016 Acknowledgements This management plan was prepared by the staff and Advisory Council of the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve (OWC NERR), in collaboration with the Ohio Department of Natural Resources-Division of Wildlife. Participants in the planning process included: Manager, Frank Lopez; Research Coordinator, Dr. David Klarer; Coastal Training Program Coordinator, Heather Elmer; Education Coordinator, Ann Keefe; Education Specialist Phoebe Van Zoest; and Office Assistant, Gloria Pasterak. Other Reserve staff including Dick Boyer and Marje Bernhardt contributed their expertise to numerous planning meetings. The Reserve is grateful for the input and recommendations provided by members of the Old Woman Creek NERR Advisory Council. The Reserve is appreciative of the review, guidance, and council of Division of Wildlife Executive Administrator Dave Scott and the mapping expertise of Keith Lott and the late Steve Barry. -
An Evolving Phylogenetically Based Taxonomy of Lichens and Allied Fungi
Opuscula Philolichenum, 11: 4-10. 2012. *pdf available online 3January2012 via (http://sweetgum.nybg.org/philolichenum/) An evolving phylogenetically based taxonomy of lichens and allied fungi 1 BRENDAN P. HODKINSON ABSTRACT. – A taxonomic scheme for lichens and allied fungi that synthesizes scientific knowledge from a variety of sources is presented. The system put forth here is intended both (1) to provide a skeletal outline of the lichens and allied fungi that can be used as a provisional filing and databasing scheme by lichen herbarium/data managers and (2) to announce the online presence of an official taxonomy that will define the scope of the newly formed International Committee for the Nomenclature of Lichens and Allied Fungi (ICNLAF). The online version of the taxonomy presented here will continue to evolve along with our understanding of the organisms. Additionally, the subfamily Fissurinoideae Rivas Plata, Lücking and Lumbsch is elevated to the rank of family as Fissurinaceae. KEYWORDS. – higher-level taxonomy, lichen-forming fungi, lichenized fungi, phylogeny INTRODUCTION Traditionally, lichen herbaria have been arranged alphabetically, a scheme that stands in stark contrast to the phylogenetic scheme used by nearly all vascular plant herbaria. The justification typically given for this practice is that lichen taxonomy is too unstable to establish a reasonable system of classification. However, recent leaps forward in our understanding of the higher-level classification of fungi, driven primarily by the NSF-funded Assembling the Fungal Tree of Life (AFToL) project (Lutzoni et al. 2004), have caused the taxonomy of lichen-forming and allied fungi to increase significantly in stability. This is especially true within the class Lecanoromycetes, the main group of lichen-forming fungi (Miadlikowska et al. -
H. Thorsten Lumbsch VP, Science & Education the Field Museum 1400
H. Thorsten Lumbsch VP, Science & Education The Field Museum 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, Illinois 60605 USA Tel: 1-312-665-7881 E-mail: [email protected] Research interests Evolution and Systematics of Fungi Biogeography and Diversification Rates of Fungi Species delimitation Diversity of lichen-forming fungi Professional Experience Since 2017 Vice President, Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago. USA 2014-2017 Director, Integrative Research Center, Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. Since 2014 Curator, Integrative Research Center, Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 2013-2014 Associate Director, Integrative Research Center, Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 2009-2013 Chair, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. Since 2011 MacArthur Associate Curator, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 2006-2014 Associate Curator, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 2005-2009 Head of Cryptogams, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. Since 2004 Member, Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago. Courses: BIOS 430 Evolution (UIC), BIOS 23410 Complex Interactions: Coevolution, Parasites, Mutualists, and Cheaters (U of C) Reading group: Phylogenetic methods. 2003-2006 Assistant Curator, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 1998-2003 Privatdozent (Assistant Professor), Botanical Institute, University – GHS - Essen. Lectures: General Botany, Evolution of lower plants, Photosynthesis, Courses: Cryptogams, Biology -
Culture-Dependent and Amplicon Sequencing Approaches Reveal Diversity and Distribution of Black Fungi in Antarctic Cryptoendolithic Communities
Journal of Fungi Article Culture-Dependent and Amplicon Sequencing Approaches Reveal Diversity and Distribution of Black Fungi in Antarctic Cryptoendolithic Communities Laura Selbmann 1,2, Gerardo A. Stoppiello 1, Silvano Onofri 1 , Jason E. Stajich 3,* and Claudia Coleine 1,* 1 Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; [email protected] (L.S.); [email protected] (G.A.S.); [email protected] (S.O.) 2 Mycological Section, Italian Antarctic National Museum (MNA), 16121 Genoa, Italy 3 Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] (J.E.S.); [email protected] (C.C.); Tel.: +1-951-827-2363 (J.E.S.); +39-0761-357138 (C.C.) Abstract: In the harshest environmental conditions of the Antarctic desert, normally incompatible with active life, microbes are adapted to exploit the cryptoendolithic habitat (i.e., pore spaces of rocks) and represent the predominant life-forms. In the rocky niche, microbes take advantage of the thermal buffering, physical stability, protection against UV radiation, excessive solar radiation, and water retention—of paramount importance in one of the driest environments on Earth. In this work, high-throughput sequencing and culture-dependent approaches have been combined, for the first time, to untangle the diversity and distribution of black fungi in the Antarctic cryptoendolithic microbial communities, hosting some of the most extreme-tolerant microorganisms. Rock samples were collected in a vast area, along an altitudinal gradient and opposite sun exposure—known to influence microbial diversity—with the aim to compare and integrate results gained with the two Citation: Selbmann, L.; Stoppiello, Friedmanniomyces endolithicus G.A.; Onofri, S.; Stajich, J.E.; Coleine, approaches. -
High Diversity and Morphological Convergence Among Melanised Fungi from Rock Formations in the Central Mountain System of Spain
Persoonia 21, 2008: 93–110 www.persoonia.org RESEARCH ARTICLE doi:10.3767/003158508X371379 High diversity and morphological convergence among melanised fungi from rock formations in the Central Mountain System of Spain C. Ruibal1, G. Platas2, G.F. Bills2 Key words Abstract Melanised fungi were isolated from rock surfaces in the Central Mountain System of Spain. Two hundred sixty six isolates were recovered from four geologically and topographically distinct sites. Microsatellite-primed biodiversity PCR techniques were used to group isolates into genotypes assumed to represent species. One hundred and sixty black fungi three genotypes were characterised from the four sites. Only five genotypes were common to two or more sites. Capnodiales Morphological and molecular data were used to characterise and identify representative strains, but morphology Chaetothyriales rarely provided a definitive identification due to the scarce differentiation of the fungal structures or the apparent Dothideomycetes novelty of the isolates. Vegetative states of fungi prevailed in culture and in many cases could not be reliably dis- extremotolerance tinguished without sequence data. Morphological characters that were widespread among the isolates included scarce micronematous conidial states, endoconidia, mycelia with dark olive-green or black hyphae, and mycelia with torulose, isodiametric or moniliform hyphae whose cells develop one or more transverse and/or oblique septa. In many of the strains, mature hyphae disarticulated, suggesting asexual reproduction by a thallic micronematous conidiogenesis or by simple fragmentation. Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1, ITS2) and 5.8S rDNA gene were employed to investigate the phylogenetic affinities of the isolates. According to ITS sequence alignments, the majority of the isolates could be grouped among four main orders of Pezizomycotina: Pleosporales, Dothideales, Capnodiales, and Chaetothyriales. -
BLS Bulletin 106 Summer 2010.Pdf
1 BRITISH LICHEN SOCIETY OFFICERS AND CONTACTS 2010 PRESIDENT S.D. Ward, 14 Green Road, Ballyvaghan, Co. Clare, Ireland, email [email protected]. VICE-PRESIDENT B.P. Hilton, Beauregard, 5 Alscott Gardens, Alverdiscott, Barnstaple, Devon EX31 3QJ; e-mail [email protected] SECRETARY C. Ellis, Royal Botanic Garden, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR; email [email protected] TREASURER J.F. Skinner, 28 Parkanaur Avenue, Southend-on-Sea, Essex SS1 3HY, email [email protected] ASSISTANT TREASURER AND MEMBERSHIP SECRETARY H. Döring, Mycology Section, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, email [email protected] REGIONAL TREASURER (Americas) J.W. Hinds, 254 Forest Avenue, Orono, Maine 04473-3202, USA; email [email protected]. CHAIR OF THE DATA COMMITTEE D.J. Hill, Yew Tree Cottage, Yew Tree Lane, Compton Martin, Bristol BS40 6JS, email [email protected] MAPPING RECORDER AND ARCHIVIST M.R.D. Seaward, Department of Archaeological, Geographical & Environmental Sciences, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, email [email protected] DATA MANAGER J. Simkin, 41 North Road, Ponteland, Newcastle upon Tyne NE20 9UN, email [email protected] SENIOR EDITOR (LICHENOLOGIST) P.D. Crittenden, School of Life Science, The University, Nottingham NG7 2RD, email [email protected] BULLETIN EDITOR P.F. Cannon, CABI and Royal Botanic Gardens Kew; postal address Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, email [email protected] CHAIR OF CONSERVATION COMMITTEE & CONSERVATION OFFICER B.W. Edwards, DERC, Library Headquarters, Colliton Park, Dorchester, Dorset DT1 1XJ, email [email protected] CHAIR OF THE EDUCATION AND PROMOTION COMMITTEE: position currently vacant. -
Opuscula Philolichenum, 8: 107-120
Opuscula Philolichenum, 8: 107-120. 2010. New and interesting lichens, lichenicolous and allied fungi from Yosemite National Park, California, U.S.A. 1 2 3 JAMES C. LENDEMER , KERRY KNUDSEN & ALAN M. FRYDAY ABSTRACT. – Caloplaca lecanoroides, a corticolous sorediate species is described as new to science. The nomenclature and typification of Lecanora semitensis is discussed, a lectotype is selected and a brief treatment of the species is provided. Rhizocarpon bolanderi var. sulphurosum is raised to the species level as R. sulphurosum. Naetrocymbe saxicola is reported new to North America and California. The following taxa are newly reported for California: Acarospora sinopica, Arthonia excentrica, Ionaspis lacustris, Niesslia peltigericola (on Peltigera didactyla), Pezizella epithallina (on Peltigera didactyla), and Xylographa soralifera. Lichenothelia scopularia is discussed and verified as occurring in California. INTRODUCTION During September 18–23, 2009 we participated in a foray to Yosemite National Park in the Sierra Nevada Mountains of California. The purpose of the foray was to bring together a group of lichen specialists to survey the lichen diversity of sites in the National Park. A checklist of the lichen biota of the National Park is currently being prepared by the organizers of the foray: however a number of new and interesting species were encountered that require more explanation or description than can be afforded in the context of a checklist. We thus compiled the present contribution. Other collections are still undergoing investigation, and further additions to the lichenized mycobiota of California are expected, which will be dealt with in future publications. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimens were studied dry using a Bausch and Lomb StereoZoom 7 and Leica dissecting microscopes and subjected to chemical analysis using standard spot tests (reagents are abbreviated following Brodo et al. -
Fungal Diversity in Lichens: from Extremotolerance to Interactions with Algae
life Review Fungal Diversity in Lichens: From Extremotolerance to Interactions with Algae Lucia Muggia 1,* ID and Martin Grube 2 1 Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy 2 Institute of Biology, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Holteigasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +39-040-558-8825 Received: 11 April 2018; Accepted: 21 May 2018; Published: 22 May 2018 Abstract: Lichen symbioses develop long-living thallus structures even in the harshest environments on Earth. These structures are also habitats for many other microscopic organisms, including other fungi, which vary in their specificity and interaction with the whole symbiotic system. This contribution reviews the recent progress regarding the understanding of the lichen-inhabiting fungi that are achieved by multiphasic approaches (culturing, microscopy, and sequencing). The lichen mycobiome comprises a more or less specific pool of species that can develop symptoms on their hosts, a generalist environmental pool, and a pool of transient species. Typically, the fungal classes Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, Leotiomycetes, Sordariomycetes, and Tremellomycetes predominate the associated fungal communities. While symptomatic lichenicolous fungi belong to lichen-forming lineages, many of the other fungi that are found have close relatives that are known from different ecological niches, including both plant and animal pathogens, and rock colonizers. A significant fraction of yet unnamed melanized (‘black’) fungi belong to the classes Chaethothyriomycetes and Dothideomycetes. These lineages tolerate the stressful conditions and harsh environments that affect their hosts, and therefore are interpreted as extremotolerant fungi. Some of these taxa can also form lichen-like associations with the algae of the lichen system when they are enforced to symbiosis by co-culturing assays. -
Freshwater Ascomycetes: Minutisphaera (Dothideomycetes) Revisited, Including One New Species from Japan
Mycologia, 105(4), 2013, pp. 959–976. DOI: 10.3852/12-313 # 2013 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897 Freshwater Ascomycetes: Minutisphaera (Dothideomycetes) revisited, including one new species from Japan Huzefa A. Raja1 likelihood and Bayesian analyses of combined 18S Nicholas H. Oberlies and 28S, and separate ITS sequences, as well as Mario Figueroa examination of morphology, we describe and illus- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University trate a new species, M. japonica. One collection from of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North North Carolina is confirmed as M. fimbriatispora, Carolina 27412 while two other collections are Minutisphaera-like Kazuaki Tanaka fungi that had a number of similar diagnostic Kazuyuki Hirayama morphological characters but differed only slightly Akira Hashimoto in ascospore sizes. The phylogeny inferred from the Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Hirosaki internal transcribed spacer region suggested that two University, Bunkyo-cho, Hiroskaki, Aomori 036-8561, out of the three North Carolina collections may be Japan novel and perhaps cryptic species within Minuti- Andrew N. Miller sphaera. Organic extracts of Minutisphaera from USA, Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, M. fimbriatispora (G155-1) and Minutisphaera-like Champaign, Illinois 61820 taxon (G156-1), revealed the presence of palmitic acid and (E)-hexadec-9-en-1-ol as major chemical Steven E. Zelski constituents. We discuss the placement of the Minuti- Carol A. Shearer sphaera -
Resistance and Survival of Endolithic Microorganisms in Outer Space and Mars Conditions Simulated in Space
UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DELLA TUSCIA DI VITERBO Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche Corso di dottorato di ricerca in Evoluzione Biologica e Biochimica XXIV Ciclo Resistance and survival of endolithic microorganisms in outer space and Mars conditions simulated in space Coordinatore: Professoressa Laura Zucconi Tutor: Professor Silvano Onofri Candidato: Dottor Giuliano Scalzi 1 Indice Prefazione 4 1. Introduction 5 1.1. What is astrobiology? 5 1.2. Life on Earth and beyond: there’s a limit of Biosphere? 6 1.2.1.Boundaries of Biosphere 7 1.3. The dawn of the livings: Astrobiological Exposure Facilities. 8 1.3.1. EXPOSE-E facility 10 1.4. Model Organisms selected for EXPOSE-E LIFE experiments 12 1.5. The aim: Planetary Protection issues 12 2. Survival of rock-colonizing organisms after 1.5 year in outer space. EXPOSE-E special issue, Astrobiology (in press) 14 2.1. Introduction 15 2.2. Material and Methods 17 2.3. Results 22 2.4. Discussion 29 3. LIFE Experiment: Isolation of cryptoendolithic organisms from Antarctic colonized sandstone exposed to space and simulated Mars conditions on the International Space Station. (2012) Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres (accepted) 31 3.1. Introduction 32 3.2. Material and Methods 34 3.3. Results 39 3.4. Discussion 42 2 4. Evaluation of Procedures for the Collection, Processing, and Analysis of Biomolecules from Low-Biomass Surfaces 2011 Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77(9):2943-53. 45 4.1. Introduction 46 4.2. Material and Methods 49 4.3. Results 58 4.4. Discussion 64 5. Discussion 68 Bibliography 70 3 Prefazione Questa tesi si basa sull’analisi della sopravvivenza, e dell’eventuale danno subito, di due specie di funghi neri meristematici e di comunità criptoendolitiche antartici successivamente all’ esposizione per un anno e mezzo a condizioni spaziali reali e marziane simulate all’esterno della Stazione Spaziale Internazionale (ISS). -
Fungal Endophytes in a Seed-Free Host: New Species That Demonstrate Unique Community Dynamics
Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses Spring 5-23-2018 Fungal Endophytes in a Seed-Free Host: New Species that Demonstrate Unique Community Dynamics Brett Steven Younginger Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Part of the Biology Commons, and the Fungi Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Younginger, Brett Steven, "Fungal Endophytes in a Seed-Free Host: New Species that Demonstrate Unique Community Dynamics" (2018). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 4387. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.6271 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. Fungal Endophytes in a Seed-Free Host: New Species That Demonstrate Unique Community Dynamics by Brett Steven Younginger A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biology Dissertation Committee: Daniel J. Ballhorn, Chair Mitchell B. Cruzan Todd N. Rosenstiel John G. Bishop Catherine E. de Rivera Portland State University 2018 © 2018 Brett Steven Younginger Abstract Fungal endophytes are highly diverse, cryptic plant endosymbionts that form asymptomatic infections within host tissue. They represent a large fraction of the millions of undescribed fungal taxa on our planet with some demonstrating mutualistic benefits to their hosts including herbivore and pathogen defense and abiotic stress tolerance. Other endophytes are latent saprotrophs or pathogens, awaiting host plant senescence to begin alternative stages of their life cycles.