8/17/2017

Workers and creativity: How to improve working conditions by participative methods? Brussels, June 26 & 27, 2017

Ageing at Work in

Teresa Cotrim President of APERGO Assistant Professor of Ergonomics, Ergonomics Section, FMH, Universidade de Lisboa Researcher at CIAUD

WORLD DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES IN PORTUGAL

Men Women Portugal Age

Portugal in 2015 Portugal in 2050

thousands

The ageing index of the municipalities in the region of and Tagus Valley increased in the last decade from 102,2% in 2001 to 127% in 2014. (World Population Ageing, 2015)

Work Ability and Psychosocial Factors Among Cemetery Workers at Work Ability and Psychosocial Factors Among Cemetery Workers at Lisbon Municipality Lisbon Municipality

Cooperation Project between University and Lisbon Municipality AIMS Project Team 1ST STEP 1. Members from the Health and Safety Department of the Municipality 1. Characterization of work ability perception. of Lisbon. 2. Characterization of psychosocial risk factors perception. 2. Researcher from University of Lisbon. 3. Define a psychosocial risk factor profile by cemetery. 3. Cemetery Workers. 2ND STEP Methodology 1. Discussion of all results with workers, supervisors and coordinators. 1. Training sessions for the Health and Safety Department members. 3RD STEP 2. Data Collection done by the Health and Safety Department members. 1. Recommendations aiming at promotion of work ability and 3. Discussion of results and recommendations with all the participants. prevention of psychosocial risk factors.

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Work Ability and Psychosocial Factors Among Cemetery Workers at Work Ability and Psychosocial Factors Among Cemetery Workers at Lisbon Municipality Lisbon Municipality

Total number of workers: 189 TOOLS Sample size: 168 participants. 1. QUESTIONNAIRE including Response Rate = 88,9%

a. WORK ABILITY INDEX – Portuguese version (Silva e cols., 2011)

b. COPSOQ II – Portuguese version (Silva e cols., 2012)

c. Socio-demographic data

2. FOCUS GROUPS with workers and supervisors

Work Ability and Psychosocial Factors Among Cemetery Workers at Work Ability and Psychosocial Factors Among Cemetery Workers at Lisbon Municipality Lisbon Municipality

Age Groups x Cemetery Occupational Category X Cemetery 90 100% 90% 80 80% 70 70% 60 60% 50%

50 40% % 40 30% 20% 30 10% 20 0% Prazere Alto Total 10 s S.João 0 Coordinators / Prazere A. 6% 0% 07% 0% 0% 0% 0% 26% Total Ajuda Lumiar Benfica Olivais Carnide Administratives s S.João Supervisors 6% 13% 07% 0% 04% 09% 5% 6% <=50 yrs 42,3 26,7 25 37,5 21,7 30,4 63,9 58,1 Technical Assistant 23% 19% 29% 38% 21% 22% 08% 37% > 50 yrs 57,7 73,3 75 62,5 78,3 69,6 36,1 41,9 Gravediggers 65% 69% 57% 63% 75% 70% 88% 31%

Work Ability and Psychosocial Factors Among Cemetery Workers at Work Ability and Psychosocial Factors Among Cemetery Workers at Lisbon Municipality Lisbon Municipality

WAI x Cemetery Temporary Work Impairment x Cemetery 50% 100% 45% 40% 90% 35% 80% 30% 70% 25% 60% 20% 15% 50% 10% 40% 05% 30% 00% Alto 20% Total Ajuda Prazeres Lumiar Benfica Olivais Carnide S.João 10% Poor 08% 38% 00% 07% 14% 09% 03% 03% 00% Alto Moderate 31% 14% 31% 33% 36% 41% 29% 30% Total Ajuda Prazeres Lumiar Benfica Olivais Carnide S.João Good 41% 36% 39% 47% 36% 41% 45% 42% Yes 24% 31% 14% 19% 46% 26% 23% 12% Excellent 19% 14% 31% 13% 14% 09% 24% 24% Não 76% 69% 86% 81% 54% 74% 78% 88%

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Work Ability and Psychosocial Factors Among Cemetery Workers at Work Ability and Psychosocial Factors Among Cemetery Workers at Lisbon Municipality Lisbon Municipality POOR WAI Profile COPSOQ II Median 57,5 yrs Favorable Medium Adverse 61,5% - 4th grade 61,5% Temporary 83,3% > 50 yrs 23,1% - 6th grade work impairment Workplace harassement 95% 04% 01% 41,7% ≥ 60 yrs Horizontal trust 32% 57% 12%

Work-Family conflict 56% 31% 13% 38,5% Ajuda 92,3% Gravediggers Job insecurity 28% 13% 60% 76,9% Men 7,7% Technical 23,1% Benfica Work conflicts 23% 62% 14% Assistants 15,4% Olivais Emotional Demands 22% 31% 47%

Cognitive Demands 06% 46% 49% 100% do not practice exercise Median 23 Work pace 31% 45% 24% regularly Quantitative demands 30% 55% 15%

Work Ability and Psychosocial Factors Among Cemetery Workers at Work Ability and Psychosocial Factors Among Cemetery Workers at Lisbon Municipality Lisbon Municipality COPSOQ II Favorable Medium Adverse Linear regression model Job satisfaction 37,80% 52,40% 9,80% • Workplace commitment 28,10% 51,50% 20,40% The predictors that were included in the model were Age, Quality Meaning of work 76,20% 20,20% 3,60% of leadership (QL), Job satisfaction (JS), General health (GH), Auto-efficacy 76,20% 21,40% 2,40% Burnout, and Temporary work impairment (TWI). Justice and respect 60,50% 34,60% 4,90% Trust regarding management 73,90% 26,10% Quality of leadership 61,10% 31,20% 7,60% • WAI = 58.643  0.156 Age  0.045 QL  0.083 JS  0.075 GH  Sense of community at work 75,90% 21,70% 2,40% 0.079 Burnout  4.501 TWI. Social support from supervisors 43,10% 36,50% 20,40% Social support from colleagues 44,30% 46,10% 9,60% Reward / recognition 71,50% 23,60% 4,80% • General health is the predictor that gives the bigger contribution Role clarity 83,60% 12,10% 4,20% (17.0%), followed by Burnout and Temporary Work Impairment Predictability 38,10% 48,20% 13,70% with a contribution of 10.8% each one. Job satisfaction, Age and Possibilities for development 39,90% 49,10% 11,00% Quality of leadership contribute with 9.9%, 6.0% and 4.3% to the Influence at work 10,60% 36,90% 52,50% percentage of WAI explained variability.

Work Ability and Psychosocial Factors Among Cemetery Workers at Work Ability and Psychosocial Factors Among Cemetery Workers at Lisbon Municipality Lisbon Municipality

Physical Lack of Social overload and Physical Support from High percentage MMH overload at Work and supervisors of disabilities Emotional tombstones intergenerational demands Mechanical conflicts Graveyard Lifting Tools layout Missing Lack of Social Support from Workplace Colleagues at harassment most demanding Intergenerati Type of tasks onal conflicts ground

Psychosocial Reward/Recognition Job insecurity Physical High pace of Ageing work at risk factors demands burials

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Work Ability and Psychosocial Factors Among Cemetery Workers at Work Ability and Psychosocial Factors Among Cemetery Workers at Lisbon Municipality Lisbon Municipality

RECOMMENDATIONS

Symbolism and Management of function of the bell Pre-Retirement emotions and Team building Relevance of the Addictive management support from the conflicts behaviours (drugs occupational health department and alcohol) Prevention of the Preventive Re-design risk of maintenance of graveyards lay- Musculoskeletal gravediggers out Disorders equipment Need of on-job Negative image Other Aspects training Different uniforms Recognition of gravediggers social role

Thank You Very Much!

[email protected]

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