DOCSLIB.ORG

In This Issue... Hands-Free Hectares Page 38 Rust Resolution Page 6 Testing Tech for Precision Agronomy Decision Time on Disease

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
In This Issue... Hands-Free Hectares Page 38 Rust Resolution Page 6 Testing Tech for Precision Agronomy Decision Time on Disease In this issue... Hands-free hectares page 38 Rust resolution page 6 Testing tech for precision agronomy Decision time on disease Research conference page 32 Sugar beet newbies page 59 Opinion Volume 19 Number 4 4 Talking Tilth – A word from the editor. Arable Extra March 2017 58 Trade Talk – An insight into the Cereals Event from director Jon Day 67 Last Word – A view from the field from agronomist John Sarup Smiths Soapbox will return in April, and Lucy de la Pasture will again take the Last Word. Technical 6 Disease control - New names for rust races Wheat pathogens have been dominating the headlines lately as they evolve, making control less predictible. 12 Barley disease - Improve tactics to outsmart disease The results of two new surveys show there’s room for greater attention to detail with barley disease control. 14 Tech Talk - Why molecular movements matter Discovering how a fungicide behaves throws light on its efficacy in the field. 18 Sclerotinia - One spray or two? Editor Expert advice on a disease that has the potential to decimate yields. Tom Allen-Stevens Technical editor 22 Weed control - Weed worries shouldn’t drive spring sprays Lucy de la Pasture Dow AgroSciences’ new broadleaf herbicide Arylex makes promises of a more relaxed approach to spring weed control. Machinery editor Jane Brooks 28 Innovation Insight - Liquid logic has a way with weeds Writers When Dupont scientists partnered fluroxypyr with sulfonylurea herbicides, Tom Allen-Stevens Rob Jones it wasn’t just the spectrum of the one-can solution they improved. Jane Brooks Paul Spackman 32 CPSB Conference - Spotlight on crop research Louise Impey Lucy de la Pasture The great and the good gathered at Peterborough Arena last month for Melanie Jenkins the ‘Crop Production in Southern Britain’ conference. Design and production 36 Blackgrass - Brampton goes west Brooks Design A new trial site in Oxon puts soil at the forefront of the blackgrass battle. Advertisement co-ordinator Peter Walker Publisher Features Angus McKirdy 38 Precision agronomy - Robots take control Business development manager Hands-free farming has come a step closer with a ground-breaking Charlotte Alexander research initiative underway at Harper Adams University. To claim two crop protection BASIS points, send an email to [email protected], quoting reference CP/51831/1617/g. 44 Spring beans - Tapping into pulse potential Attentive agronomy and plenty of manure helped one N Yorks grower To claim two NRoSO CPD points, please send your name, achieve the highest UK yield with his spring beans. NRoSO member number, date of birth and postcode to [email protected] 48 Conference - Bring on Brexit *the claim ‘best read specialist arable journal’ is based Grab the opportunities that Brexit has to offer and look forward to the on independent reader research, conducted by the future, urged speakers at a conference organised by Väderstad. National Farm Research Unit 2014 52 Spring barley - New barley hits the right note? Editorial & advertising sales With a 10% yield improvement on Concerto and even better quality, White House Barn, Hanwood, Shrewsbury, Shropshire SY5 8LP LG Opera may get top billing from maltsters. Tel: (01743) 861122 E-mail: [email protected] 54 Insiders View - The new name for a farmer’s friend? Reader registration hotline 01743 861122 Syngenta’s variety, Graham, offers a disease package that many growers Advertising copy may warm to. Brooks Design, 24 Claremont Hill, Shrewsbury, Shropshire SY1 1RD Roots Tel: (01743) 244403 E-mail: [email protected] CPM Volume 19 No 4. Editorial, advertising and sales offices are at 59 Sugar beet weeds - Tips for beet newbies White House Barn, Hanwood, Shrewsbury SY5 8LP. Sugar beet has been adopted as a blackgrass solution by a Suffolk Tel: (01743) 861122. CPM is published ten times a year by grower after a long absence from growing the crop. CPM Ltd and is available free of charge to qualifying farmers and farm managers in the United Kingdom. 63 Potato weed control - Life after linuron In no way does CPM Ltd endorse, notarise or concur with any of the advice, Potato growers received an unwelcome, if not entirely unexpected, recommendations or prescriptions reported in the magazine. Valentine’s day present from CRD in Feb - the issue of a withdrawal If you are unsure about which recommendations to follow, please consult notice for linuron. a professional agronomist. Always read the label. Use pesticides safely. CPM Ltd is not responsible for loss or damage to any unsolicited material, including photographs. crop production magazine arable extra march 2017 3 safe. This is the body that decides heard and it’s directed towards European Union Select Committee what in our lives constitutes a those member states that recently will have witnessed the hazard, from the plastic we abstained last time, including somewhat blasé attitude he has to the put in babies’ mouths to the France, Germany and Italy. prospect of “30-40%” tariffs on UK active ingredients we pop And therein lies the rub –– it’s agricultural exports into the EU. in the spray tank. great what the NFU, what farmers And that’s the minister who’ll be The ECHA Risk across Europe and what many representing UK farmers’ interests in Assessment Committee CPM readers are doing on Twitter the forthcoming trade negotiations. is made up of about 50 to stress that #glyphosateIsvital. It’s not right, and it adds an independent scientists who But in a world where noise imperative to the drive to inform and Am I wrapped up advise the EC Standing matters and the side that shouts to educate people about farming and Committee tasked with the the loudest wins, farmers are where their food comes from –– we in a bubble? re-approval of glyphosate. To do but a squeak among the roar of should and we must. But in doing so, this, they’ve studied some 347 public opinion. are we enclosing ourselves more There are mixed emotions when scientific documents and carried To give you an idea, in Jan within our farming bubble? Brexit and I see the sprayer out for the first out a comprehensive consultation, this year, a European Citizens’ forthcoming regulatory changes will time of the season. On the one specifically seeking views from all Initiative was registered to ban quite likely burst that bubble of hand, it’s good to get the spring sides of the debate. What’s more, glyphosate. If a registered ECI comfort, and only those who’ve work underway at last and they look at hazard, so their gathers one million signatures in looked outside it and prepared to see the skirt of spray conclusion pretty much trounces 12 months, the EC is obliged to themselves for what lies ahead will shimmering over the crop in any niggles of scientific doubt consider making it law. In just ride the tide of progress. the afternoon sunlight. about the safety of glyphosate. three months, the ECI has Which begs the question what will On the other, this is glyphosate But these days, it’s far from gathered 473,414 signatures. progress look like? It’s what we’re going onto a perfectly good crop game over until the political Sean Sparling’s petition constantly searching for here at CPM, of Skyfall winter wheat to spray argument is won. The Standing to save glyphosate on and we reckon there’s so much out patches of blackgrass. That’s Committee is made up of www.38degrees.org.uk has 4929 opportunity out there, we’ve put a tough choice in itself, but just representatives from all 27 signatures. What’s more, a poll of together an extra issue this month to that one sentence now brings in member states –– CRD French citizens carried out by flag it up. The fruits of what we’ve a third emotion. While it makes represents UK interests –– and Générations Futures found found lie within these pages, whether perfect sense to the CPM reader voting is proportionate to that 69% are opposed to the that’s a new spring barley, a fresh that we’re spraying glyphosate to population within the EU. That reauthorisation of glyphosate, look at sugar beet, a different take out blackgrass, to most means France and Germany have with only 23% in favour. That’s approach to tackling blackgrass or a EU citizens we’re spraying a considerable weight, and they potentially another 45M votes way of farming the land without even carcinogenic pesticide to destroy were among seven member against glyphosate from just one setting foot on it. We hope it’ll help a food crop. Why on earth would states that abstained last time member state. you focus on life outside the bubble. we do that? round, so the two-thirds qualified It’s not just in pesticide use The row over glyphosate majority to approve glyphosate where we find the viewpoint of Tom Allen-Stevens has a 170ha seems to have reached fever wasn’t reached. farmers shockingly marginalised, arable farm in Oxon which keeps about 58,000 people from starving pitch, recently. The good news This means a fever pitch of and it’s not confined to continental thanks to the food it produces Europe. Anyone who’s seen the is that the European Chemicals debate on the issue may be just #glyphosateIsvital. Agency, ECHA, has reached the what’s required at present, as long footage of Brexit minister David [email protected] conclusion that glyphosate is as farmers can ensure they’re Davis addressing the Exiting the 4 crop production magazine arable extra march 2017 New names for rust races The Warrior (Red) race continues to dominate samples, says Sarah Holdgate.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Does the Food System Constrict Healthy Choices for Typical British Families?
    FORCE-FED Does the food system constrict healthy choices for typical British families? Contents Acronyms .......................................................................... 03 Chapter 2: Environmental costs .......................................................... 39 Acknowledgements .......................................................... 03 The food our families eat, and throw away ...................... 22 A yoghurt ........................................................................... 40 Funding ............................................................................. 03 Where typical family food comes from Cost of ingredients ............................................................ 40 Executive Summary ........................................................... 04 and how much it costs ...................................................... 23 Efficiencies of scale ............................................................ 40 Introduction ...................................................................... 07 What typical families actually buy and eat ....................... 24 Advertising ......................................................................... 40 What is a ‘typical’ family? ................................................. 09 Retail purchases ................................................................ 24 Potatoes ............................................................................. 40 Report overview ................................................................ 09 Eating
    [Show full text]
  • Leek L Lancas Ster F1 1
    NOVEMBER 2017.qxp_VEG FARMER TEMPLATE 20/10/2017 10:30 Page 1 Leek LLancasster F11 • For November - March h • Improve d bo ltiing resitista • Superior frost & cold tole • Easy to strip & clean • Excellent yield with high Te l: + 44 (0)1932 862 059 Email: [email protected] www.tozerseeds.com NOVEMBER 2017.qxp_VEG FARMER TEMPLATE 20/10/2017 10:30 Page 2 HOW MUCH TO STAY IN TOUCH? Visit us at A modest £40 (£70 for two years) Ovveer 85 yyeears of eexxperienxperiencncee... tomorrooww’s That’s all it costs to handling solutions receive twelve issues t: +44 (0)1790 752771 e: [email protected] of > Gentle Handling > Advanced Design > Intelligent Control The www.tongengineering.com Vegetable Farmer, Your Magazine. Please complete the coupon below and send with a cheque/postal order payable to A.C.T. Publishing to: The Vegetable Farmer A.C.T. Publishing, ‘FREEPOST’ TN2289 Specialists in Fruit & Vegetable Cooling Maidstone, Kent ME14 1BR (NO STAMP REQUIRED) • Design, Supply & Installation • Energy Efficient Refrigeration Systems NAME: ________________________________ • Ambient Cooling Systems FARM NAME: __________________________ • Controlled Atmosphere Storage ADDRESS: _____________________________ • CIPC Air Distribution Schemes ______________________________________ ______________________________________ All systems are designed to ______________________________________ customer’s individual Post Code: ____________________________ requirements and come Tel:____________________________________ with over 30 years Email:__________________________________ knowledge and experience. Approx acreage:_________________ NOVEMBER 2017 Overseas subscription rates (Payments in sterling please) Tel: 01945 870204 Air Mail: Europe £50 • Middle East/USA/Canada/Far East £60 Email: [email protected] • Australia/New Zealand £70 www.potatostorage.co.uk NOVEMBER 2017.qxp_VEG FARMER TEMPLATE 20/10/2017 10:30 Page 3 3 LION HOUSE, CHURCH STREET, MAIDSTONE, KENT ME14 1EN OPINION Autumn means different things to Tel: 01622 695656 Fax: 01622 663733 different people.
    [Show full text]
  • N E W S I N B R I E F C O N T E N
    April 2017 N e w s i n b r i e f C o n t e n t s Article 50, sterling and BPS Policy Briefs 2 - Basic Payment – euro or With the UK’s envoy due to hand Brussels an Article 50 sterling notification on 29th March, the hard graft of negotiating the UK’s exit from the European Union will begin. Cereals and Oilseeds 3 - Winter cropping down in One of the most tangible concerns of many farmers will be England, up in Scotland the fate of sterling once the trigger is pulled. The triggering of Article 50 is not exactly news and in theory markets may Beef 4 have already priced this into current exchange rates. - Cull cow trade picks up However, the unpredictability of events mean that almost any market reaction is possible. Potatoes 5 Early signs of a more conciliatory tone from the UK - Market tight as Scottish Government and the European Commission would increase stocks head south confidence that a workable end-result can be achieved. However, early signs that the UK may be heading for a sharp Sheep 6 exit without a trade agreement and sterling could fall quickly. - More heavier lambs about dampen prices With farm commodity prices and subsidy rates so closely linked to exchange rates, managing currency risk is essential Milk 7 in such uncertain times. Farmers will shortly have the - Commodity milk prices fall chance to receive their BPS payments in euro or sterling. back, farm prices rise BPS is essentially an output of the farm business in the round so one way to mitigate getting this wrong is to also fix Sector Focus 8 the price of key inputs such as feed, fertiliser and fuel at the - Finishing cattle – speed is of same time.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Report
    Final Report GB Late Blight Population Monitoring 2014 to 2018 Report Author: David Cooke The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA Report No. 2019/10 AHDB Potatoes is a division of the Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board. © Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board 2019. © Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board 2019. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including by photocopy or storage in any medium by electronic means) or any copy or adaptation stored, published or distributed (by physical, electronic or other means) without the prior permission in writing of the Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board, other than by reproduction in an unmodified form for the sole purpose of use as an information resource when the Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board is clearly acknowledged as the source, or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. AHDB is a registered trademark of the Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board. All other trademarks, logos and brand names contained in this publication are the trademarks of their respective holders. No rights are granted without the prior written permission of the relevant owners. Additional copies of this report and a list of other publications can be obtained from: Publications AHDB Potatoes Tel: 02476 692051 Stoneleigh Park Fax: 02476 478902 Kenilworth E-mail: [email protected] Warwickshire CV8 2TL Our reports, and lists of publications, are also available at potatoes.ahdb.org.uk © Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board 2019 2 Contents 1. Summary ............................................................................................................. 4 2. Practical recommendations ............................................................................... 6 3. Introduction .......................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Life Cycle Environmental and Economic Sustainability in the Baby Food Sector
    Life cycle environmental and economic sustainability in the baby food sector A thesis submitted to The University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Science and Engineering 2018 by Natalia Sieti School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science Table of Contents List of Abbreviations ............................................................................................. 6 List of Figures ....................................................................................................... 8 List of Tables ...................................................................................................... 10 Abstract .............................................................................................................. 12 Declaration ......................................................................................................... 14 Copyright Statement ........................................................................................... 14 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................. 15 Chapter 1. Introduction ....................................................................................... 16 1.1 Aims and objectives ...................................................................................... 17 1.2 Dissertation structure .................................................................................... 18 1.3 Methodology ................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 29 January 2021 #Nfushereforyou
    Weekly update – 29 January 2021 #NFUSHereForYou - Here to support you and your mental wellbeing Health and wellbeing are incredibly important. NFUS recognises that there is a lot of stress and pressure within the industry, and often a stigma associated with talking about your feelings - especially amongst men. The importance of articulating how you are feeling cannot be underestimated, and we have put together a handy list of the organisations out there that can offer help or support. Whether looking for yourself, or someone you know, the #NFUSHereForYou webpage can quickly point you in the right direction. Go to: NFU Scotland | /nfushereforyou.aspx All (virtual) roads lead to #NFUS2021 AGM, Conference and elections – 10, 11 and 12 February With our election hustings now complete, arrangements for the exciting programme for the conference and AGM is now available to view at: https://www.nfus.org.uk/about-nfus/agm-2021.aspx • On Wednesday 10 February, we are delighted to host an exciting webinar with Tim Smith, chair of the newly created Trade and Agriculture Commission – the body that will have oversight on the UK’s future trade deals. • On Thursday 11 February, outgoing President Andrew McCornick will give his final Presidential address before joining a panel of all UK Farming Union Presidents – Minette Batters, NFU; John Davies, NFU Cymru and Victor Chestnutt, UFU – to discuss Brexit, future trade deals and agricultural policy. • On Friday 12 February, we have the excitement of our elections followed by our traditional address from Cabinet Secretary for Rural Economy, Fergus Ewing. To register a place at any of the sessions please click: https://us02web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_xok5BQ6xQYGBreTU-obdIQ More than 550 take part in virtual hustings Two weeks from now, we will know who the new officeholder team at NFUS and thanks to the incredible turnouts at our three virtual hustings meetings more than 550 members have had a chance to meet the candidates.
    [Show full text]
  • Food in a Warming World the Changing Foods on the British Plate
    FOOD IN A WARMING WORLD THE CHANGING FOODS ON THE BRITISH PLATE Food in a warming world: - The changing foods on the British plate Executive Summary Our climate is changing at an alarming rate, with 2015, 2016 and 2017 confirmed as the three warmest years on record. The international Paris Agreement has been created to limit the greenhouse gas emissions that are causing climate change, and it recognises the breadth of activities that contribute emissions. The role of the food we eat has come into the spotlight in addressing climate change, and it is now evident how much we can all do to help global efforts by adapting our diets. This report takes the example of four iconic, classic UK dishes: chicken tikka masala, fish and chips, ploughman’s lunch, and cawl, Wales’ famous lamb stew. We consider where the ingredients come from and how much the different ingredients contribute to carbon footprint. For comparison, one example result shows that the emissions for the ingredients and preparation of one chicken tikka masala meal are equivalent to boiling a kettle 89 times to make a cup of tea. In doing so, we consider how the footprints of these meals compare to the ‘carbon budget’ we need to have adopted by 2030 to meet the Paris Agreement. But the climate and our food is a two-way street. We have identified twenty risks posed by climate change to our classic British dishes, some affecting food production overseas, while others emerging on home shores. Example impacts include lower yields for global commodities like rice and soybeans; heat stress disrupting livestock productivity; warmer, wetter conditions leading to pest invasions and proliferations; and water shortages threatening age-old production regions.
    [Show full text]
  • Pesticide Usage Survey Report 275 Potato Stores in the United Kingdom 2016
    PESTICIDE USAGE SURVEY REPORT 275 POTATO STORES IN THE UNITED KINGDOM 2016 A. Hinchcliffe, I. Barker, D. G. Garthwaite & G. Parrish Pesticide Usage Survey Team Fera Sand Hutton York UK YO41 1LZ A NATIONAL STATISTICS SURVEY National Statistics are produced to high professional standards set out in the Code of Practice for Official Statistics. They are free from any political interference. The UK Statistics Authority has a statutory duty to assess National Statistics for compliance with this Code of Practice. Further information is available from the Office for National Statistics website (http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/index.html). The statistics undergo regular quality assurance reviews to ensure that they meet customers’ needs. The United Kingdom Statistics Authority has designated these statistics as National Statistics, in accordance with the Statistics and Registration Service Act 2007 and signifying compliance with the Code of Practice for Official Statistics. Designation can be broadly interpreted to mean that the statistics: • meet identified user needs; • are well explained and readily accessible; • are produced according to sound methods; and • are managed impartially and objectively in the public interest. Once statistics have been designated as National Statistics it is a statutory requirement that the Code of Practice shall continue to be observed. If you have any enquiries or feedback on the statistics included in this report they can be directed to the contact given below: Pesticide Usage Survey Team – e-mail: [email protected]
    [Show full text]
  • Report Title
    The Midlands Engine Science and Innovation Audit Volume 2: Supporting Annexes 30 September 2016 Science and Innovation Audit Volume 2: Supporting Annexes Contents Annex A: Organisations responding to the e-consultation ................................................. 1 Annex B: Midlands Engine Innovation Group Vision ........................................................... 2 Annex C: Theme-level data ..................................................................................................... 3 Annex D: Thematic workshop notes .................................................................................... 13 Annex E: Further Sci-Val data .............................................................................................. 32 Annex F: Long list of assets ................................................................................................. 46 Annex G: Case examples ...................................................................................................... 68 Annex H: Detailed market priority templates ...................................................................... 78 Annex I: E-consultation responses ...................................................................................... 98 Annex J: Driving competitiveness through our Enabling Competencies ...................... 109 Annex K: Innovation networks and behaviours ............................................................... 112 Science and Innovation Audit Volume 2: Supporting Annexes Annex A: Organisations responding
    [Show full text]
  • July 2019 92 Future View - a Look at Farming’S Horizon
    In this issue... Those in the know page 8 Robotic route page 64 Ideas for changing times from Cereals 14 pages of next-gen tech Remedies for rapeseed page 20 Sugar beet disease page 100 Opinion 4 Talking Tilth - A word from the editor. Volume 21 Number 7 6 Smith’s Soapbox - Views and opinions from an Essex peasant….. July 2019 92 Future View - A look at farming’s horizon. 107 Last Word - A view from the field from CPM’s technical editor. Technical 8 Cereals 2019 - Nuggets of gold amongst the mud Those who braved the mud found plenty of food for thought. 16 Fit for the Future - Energy with less effort One high performing Group 4 wheat that seems to look after itself. 20 OSR planning - Rethinking OSR? It’s been a torrid season for oilseed rape but can it be managed better? 29 Theory to Field - The erucic acid problem Finding a solution to a problem is hard when the cause is unknown. 32 OSR intentions survey - OSR nears its pivotal point A recent survey flags up tactics to help ensure success with the crop. 36 Tech Talk - The future lies in layers Genetics are coming to the fore in oilseed rape breeding. Editor Tom Allen-Stevens 40 Better buying, better selling - Lessons learned are hard won Openfield has applied its resources to pull out the positives of OSR. Technical editor Lucy de la Pasture 45 Seed treatments - Biological works uniquely A new option, Integral Pro, will be available this autumn. Writers Tom Allen-Stevens Rob Jones 48 Cereal establishment survey - Start with the seed Olivia Cooper Lucy de la Pasture What can growers do to ensure every single plant is given the best start to life? Charlotte Cunninghan Martin Rickatson 54 Partners in performance - Blackgrass under pressure Melanie Jenkins A strategy in Cambs to keep blackgrass in check.
    [Show full text]
  • Forestry & Timber News
    FORESTRY & TIMBER NEWS February 2020 Issue 97 HUMAN RESOURCES FORESTRY MANAGEMENT & DIVERSIFICATION THE NEXT GENERATION OF FENCING SYSTEMS UK MANUFACTURED METAL POSTS AND FENCING ✓ , and Fencing Products ✓ Versalok® Metal Post and Clip System ✓ Hampton Box and Angle Strainer Post Systems ✓ Hampton NETTM Fixed Knot Fencing ✓ Hinge Joint Fencing ✓ PVC Coated Chain Link Fencing ✓ Galvanised Chain Link Fencing ✓ Barbed Wire ✓ Line Wires ✓ Hexagonal Wire Fencing ® Rylock Green • • Y E E A E R T G AN Te UAR ly. rm pp s and conditions a +44 (0) 1933 234070 | [email protected] | www.hamptonsteel.co.uk CONTENTS 40 | COMMUNICATING FORESTRY WIDENING THE NET TO SECURE Confor is a membership organisation OUR FUTURE WORKFORCE that promotes sustainable forestry and 42 | EDUCATION & TRAINING wood-using businesses. Confor mem- bers receive Forestry and Timber News MENTORING THE FUTURE OF for free as part of their membership. For FORESTRY more information on membership, visit VIRTUAL FIELD TRIPS TO INSPIRE www.confor.org.uk/join-us THE NEXT GENERATION OF Past issues and articles can be accessed FORESTERS online at 46 | MARKETS www.confor.org.uk/news/ftn-magazine TIMBER MARKET REPORT Non-member subscriptions: BIDDING SUBDUED AT £60 (£65 overseas). HARDWOOD AUCTION Please contact [email protected] TIMBER AUCTIONS MARKET REPORT CONFOR CONTACTS NEWS & COMMENT 53 | OBITUARY Stefanie Kaiser 55 | MACHINERY Communications and editor FTN 5 | EDITORIAL T: 0131 240 1420 CHAINSAW MILLING E: [email protected] 6 | GENERAL ELECTION ‘GET TREE PLANTING
    [Show full text]
  • AHDB Potatoes 1240001 FINAL Report
    Final Edition PCN Management - Reference Guide 28 Jan 16 AHDB Potatoes Research Project: Provision of Content for a PCN Management Guide (No: 1240001) 1 May 2015 - 31 January 2016 Potato Cyst Nematodes (PCN) - Their Characteristics and Guide to Management Produced by: Sue Hockland, Matt Back, Vivian Blok, Kim Davie, Ivan Grove, John Jones and Jon Pickup Co-ordinator/Editor: Sue Hockland Table of Contents Chapters and Sections Page No. List of Contents 1 Chapter 1 Introduction 4 Chapter 2 History: Origin and Spread 6 Chapter 3 Biology and Distribution of PCN species, including 7 Life Cycle, Population Dynamics and factors influ- encing them 3.1 Species and Distribution 7 3.2 Life Cycle 10 3.2.1 Introduction 10 3.2.2 Hatching 11 3.2.3 How juveniles become established in a host 14 3.2.4 Maturity, death, and the next generation 16 3.2.5 Rate of Decline 16 3.2.6 Multiplication rates 19 3.2.7 Influence of Temperature 20 3.2.8 Influence of soils 22 1! Final Edition PCN Management - Reference Guide 28 Jan 16 3.2.9 Host plants 22 3.2.10 Local spread 22 3.2.11 The increasing impact of molecular research on 22 knowledge of PCN biology 3.2.12 Virulence and pathotypes 24 Chapter 4 Characteristics of Potato Varieties 27 4.1 The development of resistant varieties by plant 27 breeders 4.2 Pathogenecity, Virulence, Resistance and Toler- 31 ance: understanding their effects for PCN Man- agement 4.2.1 Definitions and Introduction 31 4.3 Categorisation of resistance levels 33 4.4 Effects of using resistant varieties in the UK and 35 Europe Chapter 5 Yield loss;
    [Show full text]