E508 Vol. 2 Public Disclosure Authorized
Environment Management Plan
for the Public Disclosure Authorized Second Liao River Basin Project
February 2002
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F I Otis .&..?0 7 f Loc #
LE Ac . I cc fILE (CotalphWPrnme or #) LWVCrGrf ESWCol Public Disclosure Authorized
Prepared by
Liaoning Urban Construction and Renewal Project Office
Liaoning Scientific Research Institute for Environmental Protection
Under assistance with
Public Disclosure Authorized Montgomery Watson Harza
ErSUR
V:il WXq1'1 S; Xf1 l RECEIVED2 Second Liao River Basin, Project Eu viroilmenet Alnagement Plan
Table of contents
1 GENERAL ...... 2 1.1 BACKGROUND ...... 2 1.2 EIA PROGRESS ...... 2 1.3 BASIS FOR PREPARATION OF EIA AND ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) ...... 2 1.4 CRITERIA APPLICABLE TO EIA AND EMP ...... 3 2 OBJECTIVE OF EMP ...... 4
3 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT...... 4
3.1 COMPONENTS OF THE PROJECT ...... 4 3.2 DESIGNED INFLUENT AND EFFLUENT QUALITY ...... 4 3.3 WASTEWATER TREATMENT PROCESS ...... 5 4 ENVIRONMENT IMPACT OF THE PROJECT...... S 5
4.1 IDENTIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ...... 5 4.2 IDENTIFICATION OF POLLUTION FACTORS ...... 6 4.3 NEGATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ...... 6 5 MITIGATION MEASURES TO ADVERSE ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ...... 9
5.1 MITIGATION MEASURES IN CONSTRUCTION PHASE ...... 9 5.2 MITIGATION MEASURES TO ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT DURING OPERATION PHASE ... 13 5.3 MITIGATION MEASURES TO ADVERSE IMPACT BY SOLID WASTE FROM THE WWTP ...... 14 5.4 MITIGATION MEASURES TO ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT BY WASTE GAS ...... 16 5.5 MITIGATION MEASURES TO ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT FROM INCIDENTAL DISCHARGE 20 6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ...... 23
6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN FOR SURFACE WATER ...... 23 6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN FOR GROUND WATER ...... 24 6.3 AIR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ...... 25 6.4 ACOUSTIC ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ...... 26 6.5 MONITORING INSTRUMENT & EQUIPMENT ...... 26 6.6 DEPARTMENT RESPONSIBLE FOR MONITORING ...... 27 6.7 THE CURRENT MONITORING CAPACITY OF MONITORING DEPARTMENT ...... 27 6.8 REGULATORY AGENCIES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ...... 27 6.9 THE OPERATING COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ...... 27 6.10 MONITORING DATA MANAGEMENT ...... 28
February 2002 Secouud Liao River Basinl Project En vironiment Management Plait
Environment Management Plan
1. General
1.1 Background
Liaoning, located in the northeast of China, is a key industry base in the country. Shenyang, Panjin, and Fushun to be covered by the Liao River Basin Project (LRBP) are relatively prosperous cities in the province. However, environmental issues, especially municipal wastewater treatment, have been ignored for decades in Liaoning. Up to now, there is only one operating municipal wastewater treatment plant and limited industrial treatment capacity. It is estimated that total untreated wastewater from point-source in liaoning reaches 2.1 billion tons per annum, containing over 643,000 tons of Chemical Oxygen Demand. As a result, all of the river sections within cities in Liaoning exceed Category V of surface water quality standard in China, the bottom- line standard classified for beneficial use, putting millions of people at health risk.
In 1998, Liaoning Provincial Government has prepared a profound environment clean up plan-" Ninth-five Year Plan and 2010 Long-term Program for Water Pollution Control and Abatement in Liao River Basin" and has been approved by the State Council. Meanwhile, State Council has identified Liao River Basin as one component in the " Three Rivers and Three Lakes" which are badly polluted and given urgent top priority for wastewater treatment.
1.2 EIA Progress
In accordance with national and WB policies, Liaoning Provincial Government has requested the WB for bilateral support for LRBP. Since July 2001, the World Bank mission has visited Liaoning for several times to discuss with Liaoning Government to provide guidance for project preparation. The city-level Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Reports has been completed in accordance with national standard and the World Bank's requirements. On such basis, a basin- wide EIA report has been prepared by Liaoning Provincial Scientific Research Institute for Environment Protection in accordance with national standard for international financial organization financed project and the Operational Directive (January 1999 edition) of the Bank.
1.3 Basis for preparation of EIA and Environment Management Plan (EMP)
* Water pollution control and abatement law of P .R. China * Environment management regulations for construction project issued by the State Government, 1998. 11 * Category identification for environment protection for construction project, issued by the State Environment Agency, 1999. 1 * Strengthening the management of environmental impact for projects to be supported by loans from international financial organization, jointly issued by State Development and Planning Committee, Ministry of Finance, People's Bank of China and State Environment Agency, 1993.3 * Technical guideline for environment impact assessment, HJ/T 2.1-2.3-93, T 2.4-95, issued by State Environment Agency * World Bank Operational Directives. Class A Project determination by the World Bank * Regulations for water pollution control and abatement of Liao River Basin, issued by the Standing Committee of Liaoning Congress, 1997 * Ninth-five year plan and 2010 year long-term program for Liao River Basin water pollution control and abatement, issued by Liaoning Government, 1998 * Surface water function zoning of Liaoning Province, issued by Liaoning Government, 1996. 8
February 2002 Seconid Liao River Basin, Project En virolimelit Afanagement Plan
* Project Feasibility Study Reports and city-level EA Reports of these components
1.4 Criteria applicable to EIA and EMP
1.4.1 Environmental Quality Standard
(1) Surface Water
* Class V and Class IV of "Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water" (GHZB 1-1999) is applied to the Xi River, Hun River and Shuangtaizi River respectively; * The "Water Quality for Agricultural Irrigation" (GB5084-92) is applied to SS.
(2) Ground Water
* Class III of "Groundwater Quality Standard" is applied to the groundwater assessment.
(3) Marine Water
* Class II of "Marine Water Quality Standard" (GB3097-1997) is applied to the marine water assessment.
(4) Air
* "Sanitation Standard for Industrial Design" (TJ36-79); * Class II of "Ambient Air Quality Standard" (GB3095-96);
(5) Acoustic Noise
* " Noise Standard for Industrial Boundary" (GB 12348-90) and " Acoustic Noise Standard for Urban Area" (GB3096-93) is applied to the WwTP and interceptors respectively.
1.4.2 Discharge Standard for Pollutant
(1) Wastewater
* Class III standard in the " Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard" will be applied for the influent of Wastewater Treatment Plant (WwTP); * Effluent standard of COD 100 mgA stipulated in the " Effluent Discharge Standard for Secondary Municipal WwTP in Liaoning" (DB21-60-89) will be applied.
(2) Odor
* Class II standard for odor release ( for plant boundary ) stipulated in " Nuisance Pollutant Discharge Standard" (GB14554-93) will be applied; * The buffer zone has been designed in accordance with Technical Guideline and the " Technical Method for Design of Discharge Standard for Local Atmosphere Pollutant" (GB/T13201-91); * Internationally accepted standard will be applied wherever there is a gap in China; * Class II standard stipulated in " Air Pollutant Discharge Standard for Boiler" (GWPB 3- 1999) will be applied for boiler in the WwTP;
(3) Noise
* Class II standard for noise stipulated in the "Noise Standard for Industry boundary" would be applied fir the WwTP.
2 February 2002 Seco,,d Liano River Basi,, Project Ei'iirot,neiet l,tfaiageineent Plait
(4) Sludge
* "Effluent and Sludge Discharge Standard for Municipal WwTP" (CJ3025-93) will be applied for the temporary sludge storage on-site in the plant; * "Control Limit for Sludge Agricultural Application" (GB4284-84) will be applied for sludge composting; * "Pollution Control Limit for Solid Waste in Liaoning" (DB21-777-94) will be applied for sludge landfill.
2. Objective of EMP
The EMP is an integral part of the project EIA. It consists of the set of mitigation, monitoring and institutional measures to be taken during implementation and operation to eliminate adverse environmental and social impacts, offset them, or reduce them to acceptable levels.
3. Overview of the project
3.1 Components of the project
The LRBP 2 consists of construction of sewerage interceptor and WwTP in three cities-Shenyang, Panjin, and Fushun. Following Table 3-1 gives the details of the components of LRBP 2.
Table 3-1 Second Liao River Basin Project Components
Components Description Scope of service Shenyang * 5.2 km interception sewer * 44 industrial discharges Wastewater * 4 new and 4 upgrading pumping stations 0 75 km2 urban area * 80 km sewer upgrading 0 1.57 million population * an 400,000 t/d WwTP in Panjin 0 9.6 km interception sewer * 24 industrial discharges Wastewater 0 2 new and 3 upgrading pumping stations 0 22 km2 urban area * a 100,000 t/d WwTP and 60,000 t/d for re-use * 0.23 million population in industries Fushun * 5.3 km interception sewer Wastewater and * Extension and modification of an existing Re-use dedicated industry water supply plant to supply 200,000 t/d of the treated effluent in industries Shenyang * Imperial Palace preservation and restoration Urban S Beiling and Dongling Parks preservation Upgrading Non-physical * Strategic studies components * Institutional strengthening and training * Construction management and supervision
3.2 Designed influent and effluent quality
According to the Feasibility Study Report of each project city, the influent and effluent quality is shown in the following Table 3-2.
3 February 2002 Secon(d Liao River Basin Project Environment tlaniageinei'tPlait
Table 3-2 Influent and effluent quality of the Three WwTPs Unit: mg/l City Category COD BOD SS NH3-N TP Shenyang Influent 482 207 176 41 4 Effluent 100 29 30 20 I Fushun Influent 100 30 30 10 Effl for reuse 60 10 5 10 Panjin Influent 300 180 200 40 4 Effl for 100 30 30 20 1 discharge Effl for reuse 60 10 5 10 1 Discharge Standard 100 30 30 20 1
Standard for industrial 60 10 5 10 1 re u se ______
3.3 Wastewater treatment process
A conventional activated sludge process has been designed on the basis of influent and effluent quality, and the Bank's requirements for unified application in the WwTPs.
4. Environment Impact of the Project
4.1 Identification of environment impact
Environment impacts have been identified both in construction and operation phase. Following Table 4-1 shows the identified potential impacts both positive and negative.
Table 4-1 Checklist of environment impacts
Type of environment Items of impact Environment impact degree Positive Negative Natural Environment 1) Air (construction dust l1 and odor) 2) Water quality of city +3 river sections in Liao River Basin 3) Water quality of the +2 Bohai Sea 4) Groundwater and well +2 field 5) Eco-environment +2 -) 6) Acoustic Environment -1 7) Sludge and solid waste -2 Social Environment 8) Investment +2 attractiveness and regional development 9) Land acquisition -1 10) Resettlement -1 I I) Traffic ( 12) Landscape and tourism +2 development Economic 13) Employment +2 Environment 4 February 2002 Seconid Liao River Basi,, Project Environmenit Management Plait
Type of environment Items of impact Environment imp ct degree Positive Negative 14) Tax revenue +1 15) Regional income +l Note: "+" stands for positive impact, "-" stands for negative impact, " ( )" stands for short-term impact; " I" stands for minor degree, "2" stands for medium degree, "3" stands for high degree.
4.2 Identification of pollution factors
Based on identification and screening of environment impacts, the pollution factors have been ascertained and listed in the following Table 4-2.
Table 4-2 Pollution factors
Type of environment Water Air Solid waste Acoustic Socia-economic environment environment environment environment Pollution Monitored pH, COD, NH3, H2s, Sediment Leq ldB(A)1 Land factors value BOD etc. dust and sludge in the Employment assessment S02, etc. sewerage Residents outfall Resource Vegetation Building Predicted COD, BOD, Nh3, H2S, Sludge to be value SS,TN, TP, etc. produced by assessment etc the 4 WwTP
4.3 Negative Environmental Impact
4.3.1 Waste Gas
The nuisance odor is from the wastewater treatment units such as aeration tank, settling tank, sludge digester, sludge thickener and sludge dewatering chamber. The predicted intensity of odor source in the four WwTPs is presented in the following Table 4-3.
Table 4-3 Predicted intensity of odor source in the WwTPs
Intensity (mg/s) WwTp NH3 H2S Trimethyl Methyl Methyl sulfide amine mercaptan Shenyang 185.72 6.40 9.60 0.961 6.41 Panjin 157.69 1.93 2.56 0.231 2.25
4.3.2 Sludge
Large quantity of sludge will be generated and dewatered in the dewatering chamber. It consists of grits, screenings and waste activated sludge. Table 4-4 gives the details of the sludge to be produced in the WwTPs.
Table 4-4 Sludge of the Project Unit: m3 /d Constituent Item Shenyang Panjin Fushun Screenings Quantity 16.5 10
S February 2002 Second Liao Riv'er Basihi Project En viron,,,e/,t Manlasgellenit Plai
Constituent Item Shenyang Panjin Fushun Water 80 80 content(%) Grit Quantity 48 5 Water 60 60 content(%) Sludge Quantity 495 65 Water 80 75 content(%) Total Quantity 560 80 0.8 Water 77 75 80 content(%)
4.3.3 Noise
The major sources for noise in construction and operation phases are construction machines and equipment, transportation vehicles, pumps and blowers. Based on comparative analysis with the operating WwTP in China, the intensity of noise at the point one meter from the equipment has been predicted and shown in Table 4-6.
Table 4-6 Predicted noise in the four WwTp and pumping stations
No. Equipment Leg [dB(A)I I Wastewater lifting pump 95 2 Blower (for aeration tank) 115 3 Blower (for bio-reactor) 95 4 Sludge dewatering machine 85 5 Sludge pump 92 6 Air compressor 92 7 Scriper 90
In construction phase, the intensity of noise varies according to the types of construction machines, operation time and terrain. Table 4-7 shows the noise intensity of major construction equipment.
Table 4-7 Noise intensity of major construction equipment
No. Construction machine Measured value Distance of measurement (m) (dB(A)) I Excavator 79 15 2 Road roller 73 10 3 Earth mover 75 15 4 Self-load truck 70 15 5 Punching pile-driver 110 22 6 Drilling and concrete injection 81 15 machine 7 Static pressure pile driver 80 15 8 Concrete mixer 79 12 9 Concrete vibrator 80 15 10 Elevator 72 15
In the two paper mills, the major noise-making equipment is identified to be air compressor and pumps in production process. The measured noise values are more than 90 dB(A) and 85 dB(A) respectively. Separate insulation chamber is proposed to accommodate the equipment. The predicted noise values are therefore to be 65 dB(A) and 55 dB(A) respectively, which can meet
6 February 2002 Seconid Liao River Basi,, Project Environm,ent 'la,,ageietit Plan the Class III standard in the - Noise Standard for Industrial Plant Boundary" (GB 12348-90).
4.3.4 Spoil
It is determined that large quantity of earth will be required for site leveling due to high designed elevation. However the unappropriate management of spoil would cause soil erosion of primary concem. The digging activity for both pipeline and plant site will generate spoil in various quantity and location. A dedicated storage site for spoil would be constructed and maintained near the plant site by constructor, with drainage structure and punching equipment, or the spoil be transported to a site designated by local environmental agency. Timely cleaning, backfiring, compacting to a stabilization angle and transporting of spoil would be taken by constructor to minimize or avoid the spoil impact.
4.3.5 Traffic
During construction phase, the local traffic condition will be adversely impacted by increased traffic flow due to construction vehicles and traffic interruption due to road excavation.
4.3.6 Land occupation and resettlement
The project will occupy land both temporarily and permanently. The proposed WwTP and pumping station will occupy land permanently and construction of pipeline will occupy land temporarily. Following Table 4-8 gives the summary of land occupation in the four project cities.
Table 4-8 Summary of land occupation in the cities Unit: 10 thousand m2 Permeate WwTP 89.59 Pumping station 1.96 Total 91.55 Temporary Pipeline construction 22.8 Total 319.55
Table 4-9 -4-12 summarizes the project impact of land occupation and resettlement in the four cities.
Table 4-9 Summary of land occupation and resettlement in Shenyang
Project Land Area Household Resettled/PAPs Estimated Cost Component Required RMB million ha Number Persons Wastewater 57 249 72.62 Treatment Plant Interceptor 22.92 collective 72 households 253 residence 2.0892 system vegetable land 19 entities 217 employees 11.83 and 39.65 state- owned land 2 newly-built 0.4629 Included in Included in Included in pumping stations interceptors interceptors interceptors system system system 2 existing Non Non Non Non pumping stations improvement Temporary Land 22.92 collective 72 253 2.3598
7 February 2002 Secondd Liao River Basin Project Eniviro,niene Mitia,,aemieent Plait
Project Land Area Household Resettled/PAPs Estimated Cost Component Required RMB million ha Number Persons Use vegetable land Management/Extr 20.771 as/ground attachments/conti ngencies Total Cost I_1109.67
Table 4-10 Summary of land occupation and resettlement in Panjin
Project Land Area Household Resettled/PAPs | Estimated Cost Component Required RMB million ha Number Persons Wastewater 8.2 15 249 9.85 Treatment Plant Interceptor 11.7 315 32.09 system 0.05 10 shops 25 0.53 0.33 6 business entities 157 3.31 2 pumping 0.35 29 Included in stations interceptors system Temporary Land 26.8 5 0.02
Use _ _ _ _ _ Management/Extr 8.59 as/ground attachments/conti ngencies Total Cost 54.39
Table 4-11 Summary of land occupation and resettlement in Fushun
Project Land Area Household Resettled/PAPs Estimated Cost Component Required ha Number Persons RMB million Industry Water Supply Plant Interceptor 1 system Temporary Land 8.959 25 88 Use Management/Extr as/ground attachments/conti ngencies Total Cost _ 0.46
5 Mitigation Measures to Adverse Environment Impact
The EMP identifies feasible and cost-effective measures that may reduce potentially adverse environmental impacts to acceptable level.
5.1 Mitigation Measures in Construction Phase
S February 2002 Seconid Liao River Basin, Project Eu iliron,ne,,g MIanagemenc'iut Plan
Adverse environmental impact during the construction period results from dust emissions, noise, exhaust gas of construction vehicles, drainage from construction sites, spoil and construction solid waste. The project construction work also will bring adverse impact in temns of land occupation and vegetation reduction. According to environmental, economic and technical conditions in the project cities, the proposed altemative mitigation measures and the potential scope of impact, specific countermeasures has been developed for these cities. Details are listed in the table 5-1.
Table 5-1 Mitigation measures in construction phase
Measure and countermeasure for No.Affected aspects Adverse impact of sources environmental protection
Air-bome dust emission: * Spray water on the construction roads to * Construction vehicles prevent air-borne dust emission; * Air environment * Building materials open * To limit transportation vehicle speed; stacks * To decrease building materials in open * Loading and unloading, stockpiling, in particular, cement etc.; * Public health concrete mixing * To be covered in strong windy weather; * Exhaust: from * To forbid construction in strong windy transportation vehicles, weather; etc. * To operate in workshop if condition permitted; * Exhaust gas should meets discharge standard. * To use low noise-making mechanical * Acoustic Noise: equipment; environment * To arrange loud noise-making 2 * Construction machinery mechanical equipment operate as far as possible away from residential areas; * Public health * Construction vehicles * To prohibit operation of loud noise- making equipment, such as pile driver etc , after 22:00; * Public life * To carefully arrange operation schedule of mechanical equipment; * To control the use of the vehicle hom; * To forbid vehicles from passing through residential areas after 22:00. * To optimize the routes for * Traffic * Increase of transportation to avoid trunk roads; 3 . transportation flow . To reasonably arrange transportation during the construction schedule to avoid traffic peak; period * To build temporary access road on the interrupted road * Construction of the pipe * To decrease construction period; network occupies roads * To minimize road occupation during pipeline construction. * To minimize temporary road 4 * Land occupation Construction of convey occupation; network, WwTP, and * To concentrate full effort to shorten • Vegetation pumping stations construction period; reduction . To recover vegetation destroyed at the end of construction phase; . To backfill earth in compliance with specifications. . To compensate the affected people due
9 Febrmary 2002 Secoltd Lino River Basi,, Project En vironmineii Alanagentent Plan
NlVeasure and countermeasure for No. Affected aspects Adv erse impact of sources environmental protection
to land acquisition in accordance with related law and rcgulations * To construct temporary septic tanks; . . . ~~~~~~~~~*To treat the drainage from dining-room 5 Water environment Drainage from construction witheasure suchnas oi ing site with measures such as oil separating and sedimentation tanks; . To forbid wastewater from being directly discharged into surface water; * To maximize backfill excess earth Landscape during construction period and forbid Construction and domestic spoil from being deposed of in 6 * Ecological solid waste discretion; environment * To assort solid waste and controlled in designated site; * To carefully depose of solid waste in the designated places.
5.1.1 Mitigation Measures to Air-borne Dust
During the project construction period, the air-borne dust generated from operation of vehicles account for more than 60% of the total dust volume. The air-borne dust is caused by combined factors such as road condition, running speed of vehicle and weather. So the first mitigation measure to reduce air-borne dust is to spray water on the site and roads 4 to 5 times per day, which will reduce air-borne dust by about 70% and control dust impacted range within 20-50m. In addition, the speed of transportation vehicles must be strictly limited on construction sites, to reduce the quantity of dust produced.
On the construction sites, in windy weather, uncontrolled open stockpiling of building materials will bring air-borne dust. So some powder-materials such as cement has at better to be stored in temporary storehouse, otherwise, the open stockpiling site should be enclosed with one entrance for vehicles so as to prevent air-borne dust. If raining, the powder-materials must be covered so as to prevent it from being washed out by rainstorm.
The dust emission quantity during loading and unloading of building materials and concrete stirring operation is decided by wind speed. So it is an effective method that the dust-making equipment should not be operated in strongly windy weather.
The vehicles which transport powder-materials such as cement should be covered to prevent dust emission during transportation.
In addition, another important measure to prevent dust emission is to strengthen construction management on the sites. The site should be enclosed, transportation route should be carefully designed and construction site should be kept clean.
5.1.2 Mitigation Measures to Noise Impact
The noise intensity varies from different source, time and construction activity. The highest intensity noise is from the impulse pile driver and the second is concrete vibrator, static pressure pile driver, drilling machine etc. So the main mitigation measures to the noise impact during construction period are as follows:
10 February 2002 Seconfd Liao Riv'er Basil' Project EDivironrnent Mtanagetnelt Plait
* To strictly control and reasonably arrange the operation schedule for all sorts of equipment. The loud noise-making equipment such as static pile driver should be forbidden after 22:00 and should be supervised according to the requirement defined in the State "Noise Value Limit on Construction Site Boundary"; * The low noise-making equipment is preferred when purchasing equipment; * To arrange high noise-making equipment far away from the site boundary and residential areas to minimize the affected scope; * To strictly control the horn of transportation vehicles and carefully select a transportation route to avoid residential area.
Through the above mitigation measures, the noise impact for acoustic environment and residential areas during construction period will be minimized to acceptable level.
5.1.3 Mitigation Measures to Adverse Impact on Water Environment
It is necessary to adopt an effective measure to treat the sewerage from labor camp, otherwise it will pollute the surface and groundwater of the site. The sewage of construction site originates from dining room and sanitation facilities which should be treated at source.
The sewage from dining room and sanitation facilities should be pre-treated in oil separating tank and septic tank before discharge. The sewage should be forbidden from being directly discharged into surface watercourse. The above mitigation measures can alleviate the environment and watercourse pollution by the construction drainage.
5.1.4 Mitigation Measures to Traffic Impact
The potential adverse impact resulting form increased traffic flow during construction period and construction work on road will block up the traffic.
In order to minimize the adverse traffic impact during construction period, the measures adopted are as follows:
* Strictly limit the number of construction vehicles to control traffic impact source; * Carefully design transportation schedule and routes to avoid rush hour of public traffic; * To apply pipe jacking technique when crossing trunk road; * To collect and transport away the excess earth and material in timely manner so as to keep the site clean; * To minimize construction time by putting sufficient personnel and equipment in place to reduce traffic adverse impact; * Access road will be available wherever the road is occupied or excavated so that the public transportation would not be blocked.
Through the above measures, the adverse impact to local traffic could be minimized.
5.1.5 Mitigation Measures to Other Adverse Impact
During the project construction period, laying pipe network need to temporarily occupy and excavate land, this could damage vegetation and cause soil erosion. So during the project construction, it should:
* Firstly, to carefully determine pipeline alignment to minimize land occupation and resettlement; * Secondly, to strictly manage the construction by respectively stockpiling the excavated earth to keep the original soil layers alone, and backfill the earth by specifications;
Februarv 2002 Secont! Liao River Basin Project En vironmenlt Mlianagemelnt Plait
(That is to say, to minimize the impact to agricultural land, construction activities will be restricted to a designated way. Topsoil will be carefully removed and temporarily stored on a stockpile. Surplus excavated material will be removed and disposed to designated tips. Backfilling will be carefully controlled to reinstate the soil structure to its original condition as far as is reasonably practicable. Topsoil will also be carried out to maintain the same soil characteristics. )
Thirdly, to recover the damaged vegetation at the end of construction period. The coverage percentage of vegetation should not smaller than the previous one, wherever possible should be greater.
The domestic solid waste produced during the construction phase should be collected and regularly transported to municipal solid waste disposal site or places designated by govemmental department.
5.2 Mitigation Measures to Adverse Environmental Impact during Operation Phase
The adverse environmental impact during the project normal operation mainly results from odor,
SO 2 , smoke and dust, solid waste such as sludge etc, equipment noise and effluent. So the measures developed in table 5-2 below is expected to minimize the adverse environmental impact.
Table 5-2 Mitigation measures to adverse environmental impacts during operation phase
No Pollutant Measures Screenings, * The screenings from coarse screens should be packaged for grit transportation to landfill site; sediment * The screenings from fine screens and grit removal should be transported to sanitary landfill; Sludge * Co-disposal in municipal landfill site; 2 (80% water * Composting, if appropriate; content) Sludge . Water-tight truck; 3 transportati - To arrange the transportation route to avoid the trunk roads, residential on area and rush hour; Slag from * To be used as material for road construction and maintenance; 4 boiler * To be used as building materials; * To be stockpiled in appointed place for landfill; * Using flocculation deodorizer to weaken nuisance odor; * To transport dewatered sludge in a timely manner so as to reduce sludge quantity of temporary stockpiling; . To control sludge fermentation in thickener by strengthening operating 5 Odor management; * To sprinkle deodorizer on the surface of water to weaken odor; * To install mechanical ventilation equipment, the height of chimney is 15Sm; * The main odor sources such as aeration tanks and sludge tanks should be arranged far away from plant boundary and downstream of the prevailing wind direction; * To plant trees, flowers and grass with function for absorbing awful ______odor.
12 February 2002 Secontlu Liao River Basi,i Project En viron,men,t Managemenut Plai
No Pollutant MSleasures . To install the equipment for sulfur and dust removal. 6 SO-, smoke * To limit the use of coal with high content of sulfur and ash. The height and dust of chimney should fit the stipulated height. . To strengthen management; * To use low noise-making equipment; . To install isolation booths and covers for loud noise -making 7 Noise equipment; * To install equipment with cushion to weaken the noise; * To reasonably layout and arrange loud noise sources as far as possible away from residential areas and close to the WwTP boundary; * The construction sewage should be discharged into the WwTP; * Industrial wastewater discharged to the sewerage system should achieve required discharge standards in terms of Pb, Cd, As and Hg; 8 Sewage * To strengthen technical training for WwTP staff and develop operation and management regulations to prevent the pollution by mistaken operation; 9 Domestic * To be transported to municipal solid waste site. solid waste
5.3 Mitigation Measures to Adverse Impact by Solid Waste from the WwTP
5.3.1 Pollution Control for Screenings
The screenings from coarse screens should be crushed by muller and then packaged for landfill.
The screenings with 80% water content from fine screens has a quantity of 18,798t/a and should be treated together with the sludge. In stockpiling site, the leachate could pollute the environment, so collection system and retention structures are needed to prevent the pollution.
5.3.2 Pollution control measures for sediment grit
The aeration tanks will remove grit of 21 ,535t/a with 80% water content and little organic matter. The grit sediment should be dewatered in degriting tanks and to be treated together with screenings and sludge.
5.3.3 Sludge Disposal
The three project cities, in the case of Fushun project that drain the backwash wastewater containing solids back to the Sanbaotun WwTP, have evaluated various approaches for sludge management on cost comparison, and recommended the approach as follows:
* Shenyang: Mechanical thickening, anaerobic digestion, dewatering and landfill; * Panjin: Gravity thickening, dewatering and landfill; * Fushun: Landfill
Shenyang
Shenyang WwTP will produce about 227 t/d sludge requiring disposal, the largest volume of sludge from a single source in the project. Shenyang proposes to use sanitary landfill to dispose of the waste sludge at Laohuchong landfill site, approximately 32 km from the WwTP. The city plans (under a separate project) to convert the existing site into a sanitary landfill with proper engineering control and operation. The upgrading once completed, will have a total area of 1430
13 February 2002 Seconad Liaio River Basin, Project En tironimetit Mn,lalagement Plilm
mu and will include site lining, leachate collection, on site leachate treatment, landfill gas venting, site drainage control, site road, fencing and landscaping.
However, the landfill construction will be completed in two phases and the first phase will have a total landfill capacity of 750 t/d. The management of Laohuchong landfill has agreed to accept total 227 t/d sludge from the project. The WwTP will pay 10 RMB/t for sludge landfill and the total landfill cost of 17.08 Million RMB/a will be included into the operating budget of the WwTP.
A total of eight watertight trucks with a 10 t payload will be used for the 32 km sludge hauling from the WwTP to the landfill. The hauling route is carefully selected to avoid the environmentally sensitive such as the business district, and residential areas.
Fushun:
The backwash water of the tertiary treatment under this project will be pumped back to the Sanbaotun WwTP which is being commissioned. The total amount of sludge to be produced by Sanbaotun WwTP is 182 t/d requiring disposal at Qingtaizi monofill site 6 km from the WwTP. Fushun plans to start construction of the monofill in 2002 to international standard which incorporate lining, leachate collection and control facilities. The monofill has a total capacity of 300 t/d lasting for 20 years. Four watertight trucks with payload of 10 t will be used to haul the sludge. The operating cost incurred for monofill will be included in the operating budget of Sanbaotun WwTP.
Fushun will construct a quality access road to the monofill site. The route is carefully selected to avoid environmentally sensitive area.
Fushun plans to initiate a composting study and is preparing to engage a design and research institute to conduct this study. The reason prompt the initiation is that there will be double amount of sludge to be generated from Sanbaotun WwTP when the WwTP is extended to hold 500,000 t/d capacity in short term, on the other hand there will be limited land resource available for sludge landfill. The study is to primarily determine the viability of using the sludge compost product in agricultural land, and determine the market acceptability for the product. If the study proves that composting can be technically, economically, and environmentally sustainable in the local conditions, the city will start sludge composting plan.
Pan jin:
Panjin WwTP will produce 63 t/d sludge. The city will acquire a land of I hectare immediately close to the proposed WwTP and construct lining structure and leachate collection system to accommodate the sludge at the amount generated in 3 years. The landfill will be constructed in 2003 partly financed by the Bank, the operating cost will be covered by the budget.
Panjin plans to launch a pilot project separate from this project for composting at a site approximately 5 km from the plant. Due to limited availability of land resource, the beneficial use of sludge is in the spotlight. Panjin has conducted the analysis of sediment at the municipal outfalls to roughly determine the suitability of sludge for composting. The analysis has shown that the heavy metal would be within the control limit for composting for agricultural application, although the result should be subject to further confirmation when the WwTP is operational. If the pilot project is proven to be practical both in technology and market, Panjin would shift the sludge disposal to compost from landfill. Panjin has a large amount saline, sterile land and the compost can be used as a soil conditioner for soil improvement and land reclamation. If the composting is proven to be impractical, Panjin would extend the landfill site to continue accepting the sludge.
a) Pollution control measures for sludge storage and hauling
14 February 2002 Seconid Liao River Basini Project E,,viro,meeitn Alanagelne'nt Plan
The dewatered sludge would have to be stored on site at first and regularly transported to the disposal site. Retention structures should be constructed to hold on site the excess sludge and drainage facilities to control the rainstorm and runoff. Carefully designed sludge hauling route which should avoid residential area and high-flow road. The timing would be carefully scheduled to minimize any potential residue adverse impact, in which the hauling work is only restricted to early morning or late night. Vehicles for sludge hauling would be watertight tank trucks. b) Leachate treatment
Leachate from these sanitary landfill sites contain strong COD, BOD and Nitrogen, the content of the pollutants depends on the composition of waste, landfill time and moisture, etc. On average, the strength of leachate is hundreds times higher than the conventional municipal sewerage. Dedicated leachate treatment needs to be constructed within the landfill. Following leachate treatment scheme is the conventional treatment process for leachate in landfill and would be subject to specific property of leachate in different city.
5.3.4 Pollution control measures for the slag from boiler
During the WwTP normal operation, the boiler would produce 2,219t/a slag, which should be used as building materials for construction of road or be stored on the site designated by related goverrmental department.
5.3.5 Domestic solid waste pollution control measures
The domestic solid waste during the WwTP normal operation should be assorted on site and transported to municipal solid waste site.
5.4 Mitigation measures to adverse environmental impact by waste gas
5.4.1 Mitigation measures to adverse environmental impact by odor
The odor released during the WwTP operation comes from the microbial digestion process of organic matter in wastewater under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. The deleterious gas mainly contains NH3, H2 S, methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide and trimethylamine. The odor source is mainly the sludge dewatering room, sludge thickener and aeration degriting tank. The odor usually effected by wastewater quality, wastewater treatment process, dissolved oxygen content, sludge quantity, air temperature, wind speed and direction, etc. So we should adopt the comprehensive measures such as active pollution control action, strengthening management and reasonable arrangement to minimize the adverse impact of awful odor to inhabitants and environment around the plants. a) Control of odor
2 3 Using flocculation deodorizer which contains FeSO4 , Fe(SO4 )3 and Fe " or Fe" to react with H,S to make sulphide in order to prevent odor.
Less acidulous odor from aeration degriting tanks and sludge thickeners should be weakened with deodorizer sprayed on the surface of the wastewater. Strong acidulous odor from sludge thickeners and primary sedimentation tanks, which has large area, should be weakened with deodorizer sprayed at the upstream of the prevailing wind direction. b) Odor control ineasiures for slhudge dewaterirngroo,n
15 Februarv 2002 Seco,id Liao River Basin Project Eiiiiron,me,it ManagenL'nt Plait
In sludge dewatering room with a great of sludge and larger area, adopting mechanical ventilating measure, and installing chimney more than 20 meters high. Strengthening operation management and strict controlling the sludge output, cleanup and transportation sludge in time to minimize the sludge depositing.
c) Reasonable arrangingstructures to minimize the adverse imipact of odlor
The main odor sources (structures) such as sludge dewatering room and thickeners and aeration degriting tank should be arranged far away from residential areas and the zones requiring high level standard environment and downstream or side of the prevailing wind direction. It is better to have these structures covered to minimize the adverse environmental impact of order around the WwTP. At the same time, the office and domestic zone and sludge treatment zone should be separated by green belt and arranged upstream or side of the prevailing wind direction. d) Odor control measures in the WwTP
To plant trees and aiphyllium with characteristics of absorbing awful odor especially at downstream of the prevailing wind direction to make green belt around the WwTP; to plant climbers on the top of the roofs of workshops; to design flower parterres to make the plant more beauty. The special characteristics of the plants are in table 5-5 below.
Table 5-5 Special characteristics of the plant Sort of the trees Characteristic Impact for environment Maidenhair tree Cold resistance Absorbing poisonous gases and killing bacteria Acacia Cold and dry resistance Protecting environment and absorbing poisonous gases Chinese pine Cold and dry resistance, Preventing wind and dust evergreen Locust tree Cold resistance Protecting environment and absorbing poisonous gases Hankow willow Cold and wet resistance Absorbing poisonous gases Weeping wet resistance Absorbing poisonous gases willow
e) Green isolation belt
As much as possible within protection zone to plant trees and evergreen silvaes to make a green isolation belt to minimize the adverse environmental impact by the geographical location, environmental characteristic and residential district condition of each of municipal WwTPs.
Within the environmental pollution control areas of the WwTPs, forbidding construction new residential districts and having the existing inhabitants moved away to minimize the adverse impact of awful odor for the residential districts around the WwTPs.
5.4.2 Mitigation measures to adverse environmental impact by SO, and smoke and dust
The buming coal boiler house designed for each of the projects municipal WwTPs should supplies steam and heating power for treatment process. During the WwTP operation, SO2 , smoke and dust from boiler houses should pollute environment to make adverse impact for atmospheric quality, crop growth and public living around the WwTPs. By the conditions of environment and resource of each of the project municipalities, adopting some measures such as pollution treatment and
16 February 2002 Seconid Liao Rii,er Basii, Project En virot,nt,eut Managem:ent Pla,t control, prior to using high quality coal and strengthening management to minimize the adverse environmental impact. a) Desuilfiratinigand dedusting control mneasures
It is must to install desulfurating and dedusting equipment. Adopting different dedusting and desulfurating measure to treat the exhaust from boiler houses because different coal contains different content of sulfur and ash. The smoke and dust treated should be exhausted through fume emission pipe at different level. The treatment measures are listed in table 5-6 below.
Table 5-6 The desulfurating and dedusting measures for boiler houses
Desulfura Standard Height N) Municipalty Boiler Dedusting measure ting compliance of Remark . type and efficiency measure chimney type ~~~~~~and efficiency (m) DW2.8M Porcelain dust catcher Grid I for heating, I Shenyang W, 2 with several pipes, tower, yes 35 1 for boilers >95% >70% processing I boiler, Porcelain dust catcher 2 Panjin 2t/h with several pipes, - Yes 30 For heating >95%
I boiler, DGF high efficiency 3 Fushun 2tIh dust catcher, >97% Sync, Yes 30 >50% b) Strengthening coal management
In order to minimize the pollution, it needs to control the content of SO2 , smoke and dust, and use the coal which has low sulfur and ash according to the regulations stipulated by correlative department. We suggest to use the coal listed in table 5-7 below.
Table5-7 Sorts and content of suggested coal
Sort and main content of coal in Sort and main content of coal _N Munidpality report suggested Remarks
Requirement by l Shenyang Mixed coal: A=27%, S=0.8% Mixed coal: A=24%, S=0.8% govemment 2 Panjin Coal from Beipiao:A<30%,S The desulfurating and dedusting equipment should have to be regularly checked and repaired in time once arising troubles to ensure the equipment normal running and obtain the design efficiency of the equipment, at the same time, to control exhaust of S02, smoke and dust to meet fume emission standard. d) Strengthening training and management for the staff 17 February 2002 Secondil Liao River Basin Project En vironimenit ,lIan(a,,aelt,en Plait To have the staff of boiler operation trained on wastewater treatment technology for the WwTPs. Only the eligible staff can be permitted to operate boiler and should be regularly checked and supervised. It is forbidden to false operations, which can make the pollutant discharged to pollute the environment. 5.2.3 Mitigation measures to adverse environmental impact by noise The main noise sources during the project operation are pumping stations for intercepting works, pumps, air compressors and blowers of the WwTPs. So some measures such as cushion, strengthening management and reasonable layout needed to minimize the adverse impact for acoustic environment and inhabitants around the plants. Firstly, low noise-making equipment is preferred for pumps, blowers and air compressors so as to minimize the noise intensity. The equipment producing loud noise should all be arranged indoor. The structures are semi-underground with sound absorbing bricks, to minimize the noise adverse impact. Installing cushions and mufflers or isolating noise covers (for blowers) for equipment to reduce the noise adverse impact. The loud noise comes from boiler, blower and air compressor houses, which should be arranged as far as possible away from residential areas around the WwTPs so as to minimize the adverse impact for the inhabitants. The above measures can ensure the noise at WwTP boundary meet the noise control standard, to prevent the noise adverse impact for the environment and inhabitants around the WwTPs. 5.2.4 Mitigation measures to adverse impact on water environment After the project completed, the pollutant concentration and total load content in the effluent of each of 5 municipalities should be greatly reduced and effectively protect and develop the local water environment. The measures should be adopted to prevent these conditions arising, when the WwTP influent not meets the design standard or domestic sewage of the WwTPs is discharged directly to bring the adverse impact for water environment around the WwTPs. a) Strengthening industrial wastewater control and management to ensure the effluent meet the discharge standard The wastewater for each of the WwTPs all includes domestic sewage and industrial wastewater, which accounts for 60% of the influent and is discharged from more than 10 industries such as chemical plant, paper mill, pharmacy, textile, dying, tannery, food brewing, mechanical processing, electron, metallurgy etc. So these enterprises regarded as major pollution sources must to have their wastewater treated on sites to ensure the pollutant content of CODcr, PH, oil and heavy metal meets the Class III standard, stipulated in the state "Wastewater Comprehensive Drainage Standard"(GB8978-1996). Through wastewater treatment of these enterprises, we should have the design effluent standards realized and achieve the objectives of wastewater treatment. The industrial pollution enterprises should adopt uninterrupted control measure, which varies with pollution degree for environment, carry out cleaner production and strengthen management. The industrial enterprises, discharge poisonous and not easy decomposed pollutants, must treat their wastewater on sites to minimize the content of poisonous pollutants and heavy metals in the wastewater and ensure the WwTPs normal operation so as to meet the state drainage standard. Adopting uninterrupted control for all industrial pollution enterprises to minimize the pollutant quantity. All industrial pollution enterprises should canry out cleaner production and gradually update the products and technology with the characteristics of high power and water demand, low efficiency and severe pollution. At the same time, strengthening the environmental management and developing environmental management regulation to make the environmental protection as one part of industrial operation management. IS Febrmary 2002 Sec oiud Liao River Basi,, Project Ent,irom,e,,t illaniage,i,enitPlait b) Sewage treatment for construction labor camp The domestic sewage of the project construction period must be discharged into the WwTPs through pipe networks, it is forbidden to directly discharge without treatment. c) Strengthening management to ensure the WwTP operation The operation management should affects the WwTP operated well, besides affected by the influent quality and treatment technology of the WwTP. So it is very important to develop operation management regulations, fix positions for eligible staff with training certificate, and strictly operate by regulations to minimize the environmental pollution and the WwTP abnormal running caused by false operation. 5.2.5 Landscaping Making green environmental by planting trees and flowers can beautify environment, clean atmosphere, protect soil loss and reduce noise and awful order etc. During WwTP design and planning, it is must to plant trees and aiphyllium such as maidenhair trees and locust trees around the plant boundary, and plant aiphyllium and bush along the roads in the WwTPs. Making green plant belt between the treatment area and living area within the plant. To plant lawn, flower parterres and green plant belts around wastewater tanks and climbing plants on outside wall of tanks. Through the above measures to ensure the coverage area of green plant more than 30% of the plant area to beautify the environment. 5.3 Mitigation measures to adverse environmental impact from incidental discharge The project will bring positive benefit to water, ecological and society environment. But the incidental discharge caused by natural and artificial factors also can bring adverse environmental impact. We have to develop the measures to minimize the adverse environmental impact from incidental discharge of wastewater. The contingencies have two conditions: * The effluent quality does not meet the wastewater drainage standard or contingency; * Leakage, damage and blocking of the pipe network. 5.3.1 Pollution control measures in emergency case There are four contingencies for the WwTPs, they are * Because of the trouble of treatment technology or other accident so as to make the WwTPs exceed the effluent standard; * Because of power shutoff so as to make the wastewater discharged directly; * Because of mis-operation so as to not achieve the treatment standard; * Because of natural factor such as earthquake so as to make the wastewater discharged directly; We should develop measures to forbid the front three contingency occurrences above. a) Strengthening management and operation Incidental discharge is seldom to occur as long as strengthening management. So it is must to develop regulations on operation and management procedures for wastewater treatment equipment, 19 FebrLary 2002 Seconid Liao Rivier Basin Project En vironment Alanagement Plani rewards and punishments ordinances, to break down post duty that the operating staff have eligible certificate to minimize contingency occurrence. b) Installing essential preparation system To design overflow pipeline in the plant so as to over pass some or whole structures to let the wastewater entering the next structure when contingency occurrence. The WwTPs should be provided two power sources so as to minimize power shutoff to prevent the wastewater drainage caused by power shutoff to pollute the environment. The principal equipment, such as wastewater and sludge pumps, should be prepared 1-2 with enough spare parts for standby and then to ensure the standby equipment come into use or have the equipment on duty repaired in time, once the equipment on duty has trouble. c) Developing emergency plan Developing plan to resolve contingency and establishing contingency department to determine the responsibility for each of departments, positions and staff to resolve contingency in time and to notice environmental protection bureau, municipal administration department and water conservancy department once contingency occurrence. d) Automatic supervision and control system In the wastewater treatment plant, establishing automatic supervision and control system of water quality and flow, installing alarm facilities. From this we can leam the conditions of influent and effluent quality, the wastewater treatment effect and the effluent whether meets the drainage standard etc. Once trouble occurs, we can analyze the reasons and adjust operating parameters to prevent and control the pollution from pollutant drainage in contingency in time. 5.3.2 Pollution control measures for the accident of the sewers The most of the pipes of the project are concealed pipes, which will pollute the groundwater and soil of the location of the project once the pipe network occurs damage, leakage and blocking contingency. We should adopt measures to prevent the environmental pollution. 5.3.4 Environmental Management Institutional Structure In accordance with the Bank's policy, the proposed WwTP will be an autonomous legal entity. The Drainage Company in each component city will be responsible for the management of interceptors and sewer network. The WwTP will be responsible for environmental management. Vice director (vice general manager) of the WwTP will be in charge of the work. Security and Environmental Protection department in the plant will be responsible for daily work. In each department and process unit, full-time or part-time environmental staff will be appointed. This structure forms enterprise's institutional system for environment management. 5.3.5 Responsibility of Environmental Management The environmental management department will be in charge of monitoring and supervising the pollutants discharged in the process units of wastewater treatment. The department should get the information of effluent (influent) volume, quality and treatment effectiveness, to guarantee the routine operation of wastewater treatment facilities and ensure the effluent could meet the 20 February 2002 Seconid Liao River Basi,, Project En 'iro,,ne,ntAlinagentent Plan discharge standards. The department under the unified leadership of municipal EPB, Construction Commission and WwTP, should meet the central govemment and World Bank's requirements on environment protection and try its best to reduce the negative impact on environment. The department's duties are as follows: (1) Monitoring and supervising the pollution sources in the plant (2) During the construction period, the department should conduct site supervision for environmental protection. While finding problems, the institute should try to solve the problems timely. (3) The department should assist the WwTP' leaders to deal with public comments on project environmental protection. (4) Organizing and coordinating the training of environmental protection staff The vice-director (vice general manager) who is responsible for environmental protection and the technical staff who is in charge of environmental protection will develop the management rules of environmental protection. They draft individual pollutant volume control plan and implementation program based on the Pollutant Volume Control Plan issued by Provincial and Municipal Govemment. They are also responsible for monitoring the implementation of the plan. The department should strictly enforce the regulations of environmental protection and rules of technical operation issued by State and Liaoning Govemment. Daily operation of each department must strictly comply with environmental protection requirements, prevent incident and reduce leakage of wastewater during treatment. The person responsible for environmental protection in the WwTP should cooperate with local environmental protection monitoring station actively in order to fulfill regular contamination monitoring. 5.3.6 Staff Training Plan Wastewater treatment scheme is important to environment improvement and gains the support from the WB. So the environmental protection should be consistent with intemational standards. After construction of the project, the local environment will be improved. In order to ensure successful construction and operation of this project, the staff should have strong environmental protection acknowledge and skill. These staff engaging in management of WwTP and construction should receive further training so that the environmental protection measures can be carried out actually. The proposed training methods: domestic training and overseas training, which will be preferred, based on requirements for management levels and working positions. Table5-8 presents the staff-training plan. Table5-8 Staff Trainin Plan No. Training content Training method & staff arrangement Timing Cost estimate Domestic training Overseas training (104 RMB) 1 Environmental laws Provincial training , 3 1 technical leader 2000- 36 and regulations, people of each city from each WwTP 2001 construction rules, environmental monitoring rules and regulations 2 The technology of Provincial training, 2 1 key technological 2000- 32 wastewater people of each city person from each 2001 monitoring and WwTP control 21 February 2002 Secon(d Liao River Basi,, Project En t'ironment Management Plait No. Training content Training method & staff arrangement Timing Cost estimate Domestic training Overseas training (104 RMB) 3 The technology of Provincial training, 2000- 8 waste gas 2people of each city 2001 monitoring and control 4 The technology of Provincial training , I key technological 2000- 56 sludge control and 2people of each city person from each 2001 disposal WwTP and Itechnological key person from sludge landfill site _ 5 Public participation Provincial training, 2000- 12 and public relation 3people of each city 2001 6 Pollution control and Provincial training , 2000- 16 management during 4people of each city 2001 implementation period 7 The control, Provincial training, 2 people of each 2000- 56 handling and 2people of each city city(1 from 2001 analysis assessment WwTP) of pollution accidents 8 Professional Provincial training and 2000- 16 environment municipal training will 2001 protection skill be combined together, and the number of people will be determined by each city 9 Total 82 people will join 25 people will join 2000- 232 professional training, external training. 2001 the number of people receiving on-job training will be determined by cities 6 Environmental Monitoring Plan The purpose of environmental monitoring is to understand the status of pollutant discharge and the impact during the construction and operation period to ensure that the mitigation measures could be taken and the impact would be minimized. At the same time, based on findings of analysis of monitoring data, the project management policies should be worked out and used for decision making. 6.1.1 Environmental Monitoring Plan for Surface Water During the construction period, the monitoring items of surface water environment are pH, oil, and SS; during the operation period, the items are pH, SS, CODCr and BOD5. Table6-1 presents the monitoring plan. 22 Februarv 2002 Second Liao River Basin, Project Ent ironument hm,ajizem,,ent Plan Table 6-1 Surface Water Environment and Pollution Monitoring Plan Monitoring Category Environment monitoring plan items Construction period Operation period Surface Resource of pollutants Excavation and Effluent discharged from WwTP water and backfill of pipes, the wastewater construction of WwTP Monitoring items PH, oil, SS, PH, SS, CODCr, BOD, wastewater flow wastewater flow Executive Quality CategoryV in CategoryV in Environmental Standards standard Environmental Quality Standard of Surface Quality Standard of Water(GHZBI-1999) Surface Water(GHZB 1-1999) Discharge Class II standard and Class II standard and Class III standard Class III for influent for influent for secondary for secondary WwTP WwTP in Comprehensive in Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge Wastewater Standard(GB8978-1996) Discharging Standard(GB8978- 1996) Measurement standard Monitoring point Shenyang: upstream Shenyang: inlet and outlet of and downstream of WwTP, upstream and Hun River, upstream downstream of Xi River's and downstream of Xi outfall River. Panjin: inlet and outlet of Panjin: upstream and WwTP, upstream and downstream of downstream of Pangxie ditch Pangxie ditch Fushun: inlet and outlet of Fushun: upstream WwTP, upstream and and downstream of the downstream of Hun River Hun River outfall Monitoring frequency In busy construction Wastewater discharged from period, continuous 3 inlet and outlet of WwTP will days on morning and be monitored twice every day. afternoon. River will be monitored twice every year. Two days for high flow and low flow period I_respectively, one time per day. 6.1.2 Environmental Monitoring Plan for Ground Water The effluent discharged from WwTP will affect ground water greatly. The monitoring factors are pH, ammonia-nitrogen, total hardness, CODM,, iron and E coli colony. Tablel6-2 presents the monitoring plan. 23 February 2002 Seconid Liao River Basin, Project En vironment, Mtaiaagetneiit Plait Table6-2 Groundwater Environmental Monitoring Plan Monitoring Category Two years before operation period, and operation items period Ground water Monitoring factors PH, total hardness, COD,,,, iron, E coli colony Executive Quality standard Category III in Ground Water Quality Standards Standard(GB/T14848-93) Monitoring standard Monitoring point Three points are set up. One is at 100m from the upstream of the outfall of WwTP, the second is at 100m from downstream of the outfall of WwTP and the third is at 500m from downstream of outfall of WwTP(local wells can be used as monitoring point) Monitoring frequency Once in high flow and low flow period respectively 6.1.3 Air Environmental Monitoring Plan In the construction period, the monitoring item of atmosphere environmental monitoring is TSP; in the operation period, the items are odor and TSP. Table 16-3 presents the monitoring plan. Table6-3 Air Environmental Monitoring Plan Monitoring Category Environment monitoring plan item Construction period Operation period Atmosphere Resource of pollutants Dust Odor and dust raising Monitoring items TSP Odor concentration and TSP Standards Quality standard Ambient Air Quality TSP-Ambient Air Quality Standard(GB3095- Standard(GB3095- 1996); 1996) odor(H2 S): industrial residential area standard (TJ36-79) Discharging Comprehensive air TSP- Ambient Air Quality standard Pollutants Discharging Standard(GB3095- 1996); Standard(GB16297- odor concentration - Odor 1996) Pollutant Discharge Standard(GB13223-1996) Category II Monitoring point Shenyang: Xiaoyuchun Two points are set up. One is WwTP's location and in villages near WwTP and construction location of the other is at the opposite pipeline direction of wind near the Panjin, and Fushun: location of WwTP. WwTP's location and construction location of pipeline 2 February 2002 Second Liao Risver Basiin Project EntIironnent,illaniaget,ieit Plan, Monitoring Category Environmen monitoring plan item Construction period Operation period Monitoring frequency In busy construction TSP, H,S: three days in period, monitoring in heating supply and three two days, each time on days in non-heating supply morning, noon and period, three times every night. day. Odor concentration: the routine operation time is 10- 18 hours per day in sunny sumnmer. Each monitoring for each other 2 hours. Total monitoring times is 4 per day. 6.1.4 Acoustic Environmental Monitoring Plan In the construction and operation periods, the monitoring items for acoustic environment quality is concentrated on ambient noise and boundary noise of the WwTP. Table 6-4 presents the monitoring plan. Table6-4 Noise Monitoring Plan Monitoring Category Environment monitoring plan item Construction period Operation period Noise Source of noise Machines and vehicles Mechanical equipment and blowers in WwTP Monitoring items Leg [dB(A)j Leg [ dB(A)] Executive Quality Urban Ambient Noise Ambient noise standard- Urban Standards and Standard(GB3096-93) Ambient Noise discharge Category II; Noise Limit at Standard(GB3096-93) Category standard Construction Site II; Industrial Plant Boundary (GB12523-90) (GB12348-90) Category II Measuring Measurement Methods of Measurement Methods of Urban standard Urban Ambient Ambient Noise(GB/T 14623-93); Noise(GB/T14623-93); Noise Measurement Methods of Noise Measurement Industrial Enterprises and Methods at Construction Factories (GB12349-90) Site (GB 12524-90) Measuring point Construction site and Boundary of WwTP and nearby around residential area residential area Measuring frequency Three days per month in Two phases per year, each in busy construction period, heating and non-heating period twice each day, one in respectively, three days each morning and the other in phase, two times each phase _ evening. 6.1.5 Monitoring Instrument & Equipment Each WwTP needs to allocate 42set monitoring instrument and equipment. Table6-5 lists the instrument and equipment required. 25 February 2002 Secondi Liao Rii'er Basii, Project En vironime,,t Mlana/geienlt Plan Table6-5 Mlajor Monitoring Instrument and Equipment No. Name of instrument and equipment Quantity (set) I High Temperature Stove l 2 Electrical constant drier 3 3 Electrical constant bathing crucible 3 4 Electrical constant culture box l 5 BOD Culture Box 2 6 Spectrometer 3 7 Acidity Meter 2 8 DO indicator 3 9 Water content indicator 2 10 Precision Balance 3 11 Physical Balance 2 12 Biology Microscope I 13 Ion exchange water purifier I 14 Refrigerator 3 15 Electrical centrifugal I 16 Vacuum Pump 2 17 Bacterium Killer I 18 Magnetic mixer 2 19 Microcomputer I 20 COD indicator I 21 Water sampler 2 22 Flow meter 2 6.1.6 Department Responsible for Monitoring The laboratory of each WwTP is responsible for pollution monitoring within the plant. Each municipal environmental monitoring station is responsible for the pollution monitoring out of the plant. The plant should cooperate with the station closely. 6.1.7 The Current Monitoring Capacity of Monitoring Department (1) The laboratory of each WwTP: All of the staff in the laboratory of WwTP has received professional training. The main analysis results are subject to examination by analysts and the main analysis methods can meet the national standard. The analysis process will be controlled under the Quality Assurance System strictly. Because the monitoring items are limited within their work scope, the environmental monitoring activity can meet the monitoring technical requirement under the guidance of local monitoring station. (2) Municipal monitoring station: It is under the leadership of local EPB. The station has been established for more than 20 years. A complete set of environmental pollution monitoring system and methods have already been formed. The station, which is in charge of the monitoring and forecast of environmental quality, has modem equipment and strong technical capacity. It is capable of undertaking the environmental monitoring work of this project. 6.1.8 Regulatory agencies for environmental monitoring The municipal EPB and Construction Commission are responsible for administration and guiding the monitoring. 6.1.9 The Operating Cost of Environmental Monitoring The total annual cost of monitoring in construction and operation periods is 476 thousand RMB. 26 February 2002 Secondl Liao River Basin, Project Enivironment idanoagem ent Plani The detail is shown in Table 6-6. Table 6-6 Annual cost for monitoring in construction and operation period Type Monitoring Surface water groundwater Atmosphere Noise Total period (including City discharge from the ______p lan t) _ _ _ _ Shenyang Construction 1.2 1.5 1.4 0.8 4.9 period Operation 3.0 2.0 1.8 0.9 7.7 period Panjin Construction 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.7 3.4 period Operation 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.8 4.8 period ______Fushun Construction 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.7 3.7 period Operation 2.5 1.2 1.2 0.8 5.7 period ______Total 14.2 10.2 9.5 6.4 40.3 6.2.10 Monitoring Data Management a) Monitoring Report A comprehensive monitoring report will be supplied quarterly. An integrated annual report based on quarterly report will be provided too. b) The Channels for Report (a) Each municipal EPB, Construction Commission (or Urban Construction Bureau), Urban Renewal Project Office, Environmental Monitoring Station and its parent agencies are the main agencies to review the reports. (b) Each municipal monitoring station should summarize the monitoring data into the Annual Environmental Quality Monitoring Report. (c) The initial data of monitoring and record should be kept in the filing room. c) Environmental Management of Accidental Discharge * Timely control of accidental discharge When major incident takes place in WwTP or sewer network, the principal leaders should organize related staff to deal with the incident and report to municipality, EPB or urban construction department in a timely manner in order to get coordinated solution to the problems and minimize the harm and loss incurred. Investigation and Analysis after accident After the incident, the investigation should be undertaken immediately to determine the trigger. The investigation and analysis report should be kept in filing room and submitted to the concerned departments to trace the responsibility. Accidental Emergency Agency 27 Februarv 2002 Second Liao River Basija Project Environimenit Management Plaia An incidental emergency agency, which is formed by the main leaders of WwTP, should be set up before hand. The name list of members should be disclosed to the public. The responsibility should be broken down clearly. The agency should prepare technical plan in advance, keep adequate emergency materials and liaison, to provide precaution measures against any potential incidents. 28 February 2002