Map 27 Hispania Carthaginiensis Compiled by P.O
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Map 27 Hispania Carthaginiensis Compiled by P.O. Spann, 1996 Introduction For most of the named ancient settlements in the region covered by the map, the essential reference works are Tovar (1974; l989) and Sillières (l990). The preponderance of settlement was south of the Sierra Morena (ancient Marianus Mons) and along the east coast. Iron Age Iberian settlements of no known ancient name are too numerous here to be fully represented at this scale. Since they are largely unexcavated and their status (as oppidum or vicus) can therefore only be conjectured, most have been omitted. Further coverage of them is offered by Almagro-Gorbea (l987), Blanquez Perez (l992), and Ruiz Rodríguez (l987; l993). Likewise the Talayotic culture and Punic settlement of the Balearic Islands (Guerrero Ayuso l985; Harrison l988) cannot be adequately indicated at this scale. The archaeological sites with no known ancient name that are marked thus represent only a small portion of the settlements which existed throughout the region; they are primarily those which relate to the road system in Roman times. In general, Galsterer (l97l) is the authority for towns with titled or municipal status. Many, however, cannot be marked because their conjectured locations are too insecure. Sillières (l990) provides the most recent and reliable account of the ancient road system in the southern part of the map. Corzo Sánchez (l992) can differ from Sillières and should also be consulted for roads in Andalucía. Roldán Hervás (l975) presents a very general discussion of the road system north of the Sierra Morena, and Palomero Plaza (l987) provides a comprehensive account of roads through the province of Cuenca. Many of the ancient roads and stations in the north-west part of the map have not been securely identified. Roads marked as major are those appearing in ItAnt and on the Vicarello Cups (Roldán Hervás 1975, 149-60). Roads attested by milestones or by confirmed archaeological remains are only marked as minor, however, even when they may have equaled in importance those appearing in the ancient itineraries. Fernández Casado (l972; l980) provides the primary works used for aqueducts and bridges. Many bridges thought to be Roman are omitted because of questionable dating. For villas, the main works of reference are Gorges (l979) and Fernández Castro (l982). Only villas with significant remains or mosaics are marked. Ancient mines are documented by Domergue (l990). In the Sierra Morena there are too many individual mines to indicate in detail at this scale, especially around Linares and La Carolina. The mine clusters marked, however, should not be taken to signify dense population in these areas. Caballero Zoreda (1982) has been used for dams, not only in the province of Toledo but elsewhere as well. Canto (l977) covers quarries. Such evidence as may be said to exist for centuriation is too dubious for this feature to be marked. For centuriation in Andalucía, consult with caution Corzo Sánchez (l992). No attempt has been made to alter the coastline from its modern configuration. In general, it appears that no significant changes of sea level have occurred since antiquity (Flemming l969, 4, l4-l7); such ancient evidence as exists–around Saguntum and Valentia, for example–is either contradictory or indicative of no change (Schulten l959 I, 408-l1). To be sure, silting of river mouths and lagoons has occurred (Schulten l959 I, 408-l1; II, l16-l7), but it cannot be indicated effectively at this scale. On specific changes, consult Scullard (l970, 48-52) for Cartagena; Harrison (l988) for southern coastal Phoenician-Carthaginian settlements; and Flemming (l969, l4-l7) for the stretch of coast from Málaga to Sagunto. No good evidence exists for large lakes, although the number of “lagunas” of Ruidera on the upper R. Guadiana (ancient Anas) was perhaps somewhat greater in antiquity than now (Schulten 1959 II, l14-l5). MAP 27 HISPANIA CARTHAGINIENSIS 441 Directory All place names are in Spain Abbreviations CILA Corpus de inscripciones latinas de Andalucia, Seville, 1989- THA J. Mangas and D. Plácido (eds.), Testimonia Hispaniae Antiqua I: Avieno, Ora maritima: descriptio orbis terrae phaenomena, Madrid, 1994 TIR Caesaraugusta Tabula Imperii Romani K-30, Madrid: Caesaraugusta, Clunia, Madrid, 1993 TIR Tarraco Tabula Imperii Romani K/J-31, Pyrénées Orientales-Baleares: Tarraco, Baliares, Madrid, 1997 Names Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference B5 Abdera ACHRL Adra Tovar 1974, 83-84 § Abdara C4 Ab(ou)la/ RL Abla? Tovar 1989, 146-48 Al(a)ba A4 Abra HR l.5 miles W Tovar 1974, 106; F. Fernández Gómez Torredonjimeno B4 Acci/ HRL Guadix Tovar 1989, 148-50 Col. Iulia Gemella E3 Ad Aras HR near Fuente la Higuera? Sillières 1990, 272 B3 Ad Aras HR La Caracolera? 3 miles SE Sillières 1990, 274 Linares A4 Ad Decumum See Map 26 B3 Ad Duo Solaria R near Montizón? Sillières 1990, 273-74 E3 Ad Ello? RL El Monastil (Elda) Sillières 1990, 371-72 A4 Ad Gemellas? RL S Benamejí Sillières 1990, 417-18; Caballos 1996, 265-75 E3 Ad Leones RL El Salador?, S Alicante Sillières 1990, 355 A4 Ad Lucos HR near Montoro Sillières 1990, 359 B3 Ad Morum HR near Navas de S. Juan? Sillières 1990, 274 C4 Ad Morum RL El Jardín?, 5 miles E Tovar 1989, 159; Sillières 1990, 287 Vélez Blanco B2 (Ad) Murum RL Los Romeros?, 10 miles Tovar 1989, 180; Fernández Ochoa 1990 SE Villarta de S. Juan B3 Ad Novlas HR Villanueva de la Reina Sillières 1990, 312 E2 Ad Novlas HR 3 miles W Castellón de la TIR Tarraco 31 Plana? D3 Ad Palem? RL Cerro de los Santos, NW Sillières 1990, 272 Yecla D2 Ad Putea RL Ledaña? Palomero Plaza 1987, 158; Tovar 1989, 220 E3 Ad Statuas? RL Mogente Sillières 1990, 271 B3 Ad Turres RL by Torrenueva? Sillières 1990, 377 E3 Ad Turres?/ HR/ Fuente la Higuera Sillières 1990, 271-72, 883 Turres Saetab(...)? RL B4 Agatucci? RL W Alicún de Ortega Sillières 1990, 288 § Acatucci A4 Aiungi HR ½ mile SW Alcaudete González Román 1995, 210-13 § Respublica Aiungitan(o)rum Al(a)ba = Ab(ou)la B2 Alaba R Argamasilla de Alba? Tovar 1989, 221 Alba = Ab(ou)la C4 Albox HR Canto 1977, 182 B2 Alce(s) HRL 12 miles N Alcázar de S. Roldán Hervás 1975, 211; §Alea Juan Tovar 1989, 216, 233 E3 Alcoy HR Almagro-Gorbea 1987, 26 442 MAP 27 HISPANIA CARTHAGINIENSIS Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference A3 La Alcudia HR Valle de Alcudia, S and E Domergue 1990, 190, 202 Puertollano E3 Algorós RL Elche Gorges 1979, 181-82 D4 Almería HRL near Vera Domergue 1990, 64, 191, 203, 216, 567 E3 Alonis Ins. R Plana Is.ibl Tovar 1989, 205; Sillières 1990, 346 E3 Alonis CHRL S. Pola? Tovar 1989, 205-206; Sillières 1990, 346 A2 Anas fl. POR / SPN See Map 26 A4 Antequera HR limestone quarry Canto 1977, 181 A4 Anticaria RL Antequera Tovar 1974, 134-35 B4 El Apero RL Martos Gorges 1979, 271 A5 Aratispi RL near Cauche el Viejo, 3 Tovar 1974, 133 § Rataspem L miles N Casabermeja D3 Archena HR Cabezo del Tío Pío, E Sillières 1990, 387 Archena G2 La Argentera HR Ibiza Is. Domergue 1990, 64, 567 Arse = Saguntum A5 Ascua/ HR Cerro de León, 1.2 miles S Tovar 1974, 134 Osqua Villanueva de la Concepción Aspis = (I)Aspis D3 Asso R La Encarnación, 6 miles S Tovar 1989, 160; Sillières 1990, 553 Caravaca de la Cruz A4 Ategua HR Cortijo de Teba la Vieja Tovar 1974, 101; Escacena (S. Cruz)? Carrasco 1985, 291-92 AugustaGemella=Tucci B4 Aurgi/ HRL Jaén Galsterer 1971, 69; Tovar 1989, 152-53 Orongis §Auringis B4 Bactara? RL Cerro Forruchú Tovar 1989, 156; Sillières 1990, 398-99 (Villanueva de las Torres) B4 Baebelo? HR Puente del Arzobispo Tovar 1989, 154-55 B3 Baecula? H Bailén Tovar 1974, 152; 1989, 153-54 §Baikor B3 *Baesucci HR Vilches? Tovar 1989, l55 A3 Baetis/ See Map 26 Certis fl. inset Baliares/ CHRL Mallorca and Menorca Tovar 1989, 243-79; TIR Tarraco 42-43 Gymnesiae Inss. (Maior et Minor) F2 Baliaricum Mare HRL S and E coastal waters Tovar 1989, 256; TIR Tarraco 85-86 F3 Baños de la Reina RL Calpe Gorges 1979, 181 D4 Baria CHRL Villaricos Tovar 1989, 161-63 D2 Barranca de S. Filomena HR near Aliaguila Domergue 1990, 64, 567 C4 Bastetania HRL area of SE and S central Tovar 1974, 26-27; 1989, 26-27, 143-70 § Bastetani Hispania, S Granatula § Bastuli C4 Basti HRL Baza Tovar 1989, 157 E3 La Bastida HR LasBastidadelesAluses, Sillières 1990, 271 Moixent / Mogente A4 *Batora R Torre Vencelá?, NW Sillières 1990, 289 (n. 163); CIL 2.2.7, Torredonjimeno Tab. Geogr. II; D3 Begastrum RL SE Cehegín Tovar 1989, 163 § Bigastrum inset *Bocchori HRL? N point of Mallorca Is. TIR Tarraco 50 E2 La Bombilla RL Liria Gorges 1979, 429 A4 Bora HR Cerro de S. Cristobal? / Tovar 1974, 105; F. Fernández Gómez Las Casillas de Martos?, 5 miles SSW Martos inset Buñola HR on Mallorca Is. Domergue 1990, 64, 567 F1 Cabanes RL arch Keay 1988, 222 MAP 27 HISPANIA CARTHAGINIENSIS 443 Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference F3 Cabo de la Nao HR Domergue 1990, 64, 164, 567 A2 Caesarobriga HR Talavera de la Reina Tovar 1976, 236 B4 Calecula/ R/ Daragoleja (Pinos Puente) Tovar 1974, 136 Callicula R A4 Calpurniana RL Cerro de Hornillo? Sillières 1990, 322; CIL 2.2.7, 49-53 (Cañete de las Torres) C3 Camino Viejo de las RL Balazote Gorges 1979, 179 Sepulturas A4 Campillo Bajo HRL 3 miles W Villafranca de Sillières 1990, 314-15 Córdoba B3 Cantigi HR Cerro de la Plaza de CIL 2.5067; CIL 2.2.7, 16-17 Armas, N and E Espelúy inset Capraria Ins.