Agnes Asekenye-Oonyu/OCHA/Zimbabwe/2006

SAMPLE OF ORGANISATIONS PARTICIPATING IN CONSOLIDATED APPEALS

AARREC CRS HT MDM TEARFUND ACF CWS Humedica MEDAIR TGH ACTED Danchurchaid IA MENTOR UMCOR ADRA DDG ILO MERLIN UNAIDS Africare Diakonie Emergency Aid IMC NCA UNDP AMI-France DRC INTERMON NPA UNDSS ARC EM-DH Internews NRC UNEP ASB FAO INTERSOS OCHA UNESCO ASI FAR IOM OHCHR UNFPA AVSI FHI IPHD OXFAM UN-HABITAT CARE Finnchurchaid IR OXFAM UK UNHCR CARITAS French RC IRC PA (formerly ITDG) UNICEF CEMIR INTERNATIONAL FSD IRD PACT UNIFEM CESVI GAA IRIN PAI UNJLC CFA GOAL IRW Plan UNMAS CHF GTZ Islamic RW PMU-I UNOPS CHFI GVC JOIN PU UNRWA CISV Handicap International JRS RC/Germany VIS CMA HealthNet TPO LWF RCO WFP CONCERN HELP Malaria Consortium Samaritan's Purse WHO Concern Universal HelpAge International Malteser SECADEV World Concern COOPI HKI Mercy Corps Solidarités World Relief CORDAID Horn Relief MDA SUDO WV COSV

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...... 1 Table I. Summary of 2008 Requirements by Sector...... 3 Table II. Summary of 2008 Requirements by Appealing Organisations...... 4

2. 2007 IN REVIEW...... 6

2.1 ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALLENGES ...... 6

2.2 IMPACT OF FUNDING LEVELS ...... 10

2.3 LESSONS LEARNED...... 10

3. THE 2008 COMMON HUMANITARIAN ACTION PLAN...... 12

3.1 THE CONTEXT AND HUMANITARIAN NEEDS ANALYSIS ...... 12 3.1.A The Context ...... 12 3.1.B Humanitarian Needs Analysis...... 16

3.2 SCENARIOS ...... 18

3.3 STRATEGIC PRIORITIES FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE ...... 19

3.4 RESPONSE PLANS ...... 22 3.4.A Technical Areas ...... 22 3.4.A.1 Agriculture...... 22 3.4.A.2 Food Aid...... 24 3.4.A.3 Health...... 26 3.4.A.4 Nutrition...... 29 3.4.A.5 Water and Sanitation ...... 31 3.4.A.6 Shelter and Non-Food Items (NFIs)...... 32 3.4.A.7 Education ...... 32 3.4.B Multi-Sector Programmes ...... 34 3.4.B.1 Cross-border Mobility and Irregular Migration ...... 34 3.4.B.2 Mobile and Vulnerable Populations ...... 36 3.4.B.3 The NGO Joint Initiative (JI) for Urban Zimbabwe...... 38 3.4.B.4 Refugees...... 39 3.4.C Cross-Cutting Areas...... 41 3.4.C.1 Protection/Human Rights/Rule of Law...... 41 3.4.C.2 Sustainable Livelihoods at Community Level ...... 43 3.4.D Coordination and Support Services ...... 44

4. STRATEGIC MONITORING PLAN...... 47

5. CRITERIA FOR SELECTION AND PRIORITISATION OF PROJECTS...... 48

ii i

6. SUMMARY: STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE...... 49

7. IMPACT OF PILOT SCHEMES TO IMPROVE HUMANITARIAN ACTION...... 54 Table V. List of 2008 Projects by Sector ...... 55 Table VI. List of 2008 Projects by Appealing Organisation...... 63

ANNEX I DONOR RESPONSE TO 2007 APPEAL...... 74 ANNEX II ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ...... 100

Please note that appeals are revised regularly. The latest version of this document is available on http://www.humanitarianappeal.net

PROJECT SUMMARY SHEETS ARE IN A SEPARATE VOLUME ENTITLED “PROJECTS”

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1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The humanitarian situation in Zimbabwe continues to be impacted by a set of complex, overlapping and often worsening economic and social factors. Spiralling inflation, deteriorating physical infrastructure, the inability of the public sector to deliver basic social services, and the severe impact of the HIV/AIDS pandemic have led to a decline in the overall health and well-being of the population. The erosion of livelihoods, food insecurity, rising malnutrition and the possibility of disease outbreaks are putting the already vulnerable population under further distress.

The inability of the agricultural sector to produce enough food, as well as the difficulties of importing foodstuffs, contribute to the growing food gap. National cereal production in 2007 is estimated to be 44% below the 2006 Government-reported figure, and in the first quarter of 2008 4.1 million people face food insecurity in urban and rural areas. Policy constraints and an increasingly uncertain pattern of weather, characterised by poor rains and droughts, is making farming difficult and unpredictable. Poor rains are also imposing water shortages on a significant proportion of the population, particularly in the south of the country. Increasing numbers of people are living with limited or no access to safe drinking water, including an estimated 1.5 million inhabitants of Bulawayo.

The disruption of livelihoods due to economic deterioration, urbanisation, land reforms and Operation Murambatsvina/Restore Order in 2005 has also produced a large population of mobile and vulnerable persons and migrants. Mobile and vulnerable populations often lack access to education and are highly vulnerable to unemployment, food insecurity, and deterioration in health. Despite hopes of improvements in the political environment following negotiations between the ruling party and the opposition under the auspices of the Southern African Development Community, the process remains critical, especially in anticipation of the elections planned for March 2008. Vulnerable populations continue to be impacted by contentious governance and human rights issues.

The polarised operating environment creates difficulties in categorising various vulnerable groups, yet humanitarian actors must target people based on vulnerabilities. Orphans and vulnerable children, estimated now at 1.6 million, are at greatest risk. Their growing number is a testament to the severe AIDS pandemic. At least 18% of the adult population is living with HIV/AIDS, although further improvement in reducing this figure has been recorded. Women, children and the elderly are especially at risk from the deterioration in social and medical services.

While the various groups have different vulnerabilities and ways of coping, the overall response capacities of the state and the population are being steadily eroded. The Consolidated Appeal has made a concerted effort to identify those most at risk and to analyse the sources of their vulnerability. There is compelling evidence of a humanitarian crisis in Zimbabwe, especially in the areas of maternal and child health, HIV/AIDS, water and sanitation, child protection, and increasing poverty. Despite certain indicators showing worsening trends that would require urgent humanitarian action, there is also recognition that the decline can still be reversed. Zimbabwe’s progress since Independence in 1980, particularly in health and education, provides a strong bedrock upon which to base international assistance efforts.

Recognising that the primary responsibility for providing humanitarian assistance rests with the Government of Zimbabwe, the Consolidated Appeal for 2008 aims to provide timely and adequate humanitarian assistance to those in distress, focusing in particular on reducing food insecurity, the erosion of livelihoods, and the weakening of basic social services for the most vulnerable households. It aims to enhance preparedness for sudden emergencies both natural and man-made, to provide protection to the most vulnerable, and to mainstream and address cross-cutting issues such as HIV/AIDS, age, and gender. It aims as well to link humanitarian actions to transitional support including efforts to strengthen local coping mechanisms, and to link the CAP more effectively to the other tools and mechanisms that are in place to alleviate the suffering of Zimbabweans, such as the Zimbabwe-United Nations Development Assistance Framework.

To that end, a total of 42 appealing agencies, including United Nations agencies, international organisations, international and national NGOs, and community- and faith-based organisations, are requesting a total of $316,561,178 to implement the attached programmes and projects. Partners have indicated that $1,100,120 is already available for their proposed projects, leaving an outstanding requirement of $315,461,058.

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Some basic facts about Zimbabwe Population 11.9 million people (GoZ 2005 Population Projection based on the 2002 Census) Under 5 mortality 82 p/1,000 (Zimbabwe Demographic Health Survey [ZDHS] 2005/2006) Life expectancy 35.5 years (WHO World Health Report 2006) Prevalence of undernourishment in total population 47% (FAO Statistical Division 2004 estimate) Gross national income per capita USD 340 (World Bank Key Development Data & Statistics 2005) Percentage of population living on less than $1 per day 56.1% (UNDP HDR 2006) ¾ Proportion of population without sustainable access to an 40% (Zimbabwe Government & UNICEF improved drinking water source 2006) ¾ IDPs (number and percent of population) 650,000 - 700,000 (5.8%) (Report of the United Nations Special Envoy, August 2005) ¾ Refugees ¾ In-country 3,833 (UNHCR CAP 2008) ¾ Abroad 12,782 (UNHCR 2007) ¾ ECHO Vulnerability and Crisis Index score (V/C) 3/3 (most severe rank) ¾ 2006 UNDP Human Development Index score 0.491: 151st of 177 – low Also ¾ 1.6 million people (18% of the population) have HIV/AIDS: there are an estimated 3,200 HIV/AIDS related deaths per week (ZDHS 2005/2006). ¾ The maternal mortality is 555/100,000 live births (ZDHS 2005/2006) ¾ National cereal production in 2007 is estimated to be 44% below the 2006 Government-reported figure; in the first quarter of 2008, 4.1 million people face food insecurity in urban and rural areas (CFSAM 2007) ¾ Nearly 1.5 million people will face critical water shortages in Bulawayo City and surrounding region (CAP 2008)

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Table I. Summary of 2008 Requirements by Sector

Table I: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 Summary of Requirements - by Sector as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Sector Name Original Requirements (US$)

AGRICULTURE 45,895,669

COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES 2,481,427

ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE 5,482,000

EDUCATION 5,001,000

FOOD 173,386,083

HEALTH 25,032,830

MULTI-SECTOR 43,078,620

PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW 6,489,420

WATER AND SANITATION 9,714,129

Grand Total 316,561,178

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 15 November 2007. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

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Table II. Summary of 2008 Requirements by Appealing Organisations

Table II: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 Summary of Requirements - by Appealing Organisation as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 1 of 2

Appealing Organisation Original Requirements (US$)

AAI-Z 140,000 ACF 957,571 ADRA 1,570,000 Africare 1,030,000 APOC 149,700 ASAP 52,200 CARE 553,900 Christian Care 770,000 CIAT 74,930 CONCERN 330,000 CRS 631,200 CTDT 200,000 DAPP 1,301,916 EA 75,000 FACHIG 45,000 FAO 38,092,000 FCTZ 600,000 HFRC 45,300 HKI 500,000 IOM 42,944,750 IWSD 3,200,000 LDS 2,000,000 Linkage Trust 305,000 Mercy Corps 8,445,109 MWANA PROJECT 207,000 NPA 1,600,000 OCHA 2,481,427 OXFAM UK 802,399 Plan 250,000 PSDC 114,750 SAFIRE 215,723 SAT 250,000 SC - Norway 438,300 SC - UK 6,155,120 The J.F. Kapnek Trust 200,000

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Table II: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 Summary of Requirements - By Appealing Organisation as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 2 of 2

Appealing Organisation Original Requirements (US$)

UMC 240,000

UNFPA 2,709,540

UN-HABITAT 2,195,000

UNHCR 2,109,370

UNICEF 15,741,310

WFP 168,009,083

WHO 8,828,580

Grand Total 316,561,178

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2. 2007 IN REVIEW

For the 2007 Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP) for Zimbabwe, the humanitarian community agreed on a ‘dual approach’ consisting of two strategic priorities: • Life-saving actions (emergency relief); • Enhancing local coping mechanisms and livelihoods (transitional support).

Based on these strategic priorities, the objectives for the 2007 CAP were to: • Mitigate the impact of erosion of livelihoods; • Provide timely and appropriate assistance to mobile and vulnerable populations; • Provide protection for the most vulnerable; • Mainstream HIV/AIDS considerations in all humanitarian actions; • Strengthen response and preparedness to acute disease outbreaks; • Improve access to populations of humanitarian concern and ensure adequate service delivery; • Link humanitarian actions to medium and longer-term rehabilitation objectives; • Improve access to basic social services to the most vulnerable; • Improve information management and information sharing.

2.1 ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALLENGES Unlike the 2008 CAP, the 2007 CAP for Zimbabwe did not include an overall, strategic monitoring scheme. In general, the main achievements were in the provision of life-saving assistance in areas such as food, shelter, water and sanitation, in addition to multi-sectoral assistance to groups such as mobile and vulnerable populations, migrants and urban poor. Meanwhile, challenges remained in providing transitional support to reduce dependency on emergency assistance and in establishing linkages to medium and longer-term rehabilitation objectives. Progress by each overall objective for 2007 is described in further detail below.

2.1.1 Mitigate the Impact of Erosion of Livelihoods for the Most Vulnerable During the critical lean season from January to March 2007, the World Food Programme (WFP) and its partners assisted an estimated 1.5 million people with food assistance including vulnerable group feeding (VGF) and various targeted feeding programmes. At the same time, the Consortium for South Africa Food Security Emergency (C-SAFE), (World Vision International [WVI], Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere [CARE] and Catholic Relief Services [CRS]) reached approximately 770,000 people with food aid through various programmes including, safety net feeding, school-based feeding, food-for-assets and the market assistance programme. Meanwhile, the Protracted Relief Programme (PRP) working with a consortium of 12 NGOs reached up to 1.5 million vulnerable people with livelihoods support such as provision of seed and fertiliser, conservation farming, low input gardens and low cost water and sanitation programmes.

According to the Ministry of Agriculture (MoA), preparedness levels for the 2006/2007 cropping season were better than in previous years, amid challenges relating to fertilisers and tillage capacity1. Other factors such as poor and erratic rains, combined with policy challenges, further negatively affected the food production. As a result, the maize harvest in April 2007 was found to be significantly less than the country’s overall requirement, leaving a gap of 352,000 metric tonnes (MT) of cereals to be filled by international aid agencies.2

By the third quarter of 2007, humanitarian actors were preparing for, including a strengthened process for registration of beneficiaries, another large-scale food distribution programme, in response to the inadequate harvest experienced in April 2007. Initial food distributions in some of the most vulnerable districts started in September 2007.

According to Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), about 315,000 households received seed and/or fertiliser assistance either through distribution of inputs, or seed fairs during the 2006/2007 season. This assistance was characterised by good geographical coverage. Wards identified by the ZimVAC 2006 as highly food-insecure received greater assistance than wards with low food security. In light of the growing evidence that female-headed households are the most impoverished in Zimbabwe (Poverty Assessment Study Survey II [PASS II]), it would be good to know whether specific

1 Second Crop Assessment Report, MoA, April 2007. 2 FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessment Mission, May 2007. Available at http://www.fao.org/docrep/010/10127e/10127e00.htm.

ZIMBABWE or additional measures were/will be put in place in the food/agriculture response to address the challenges that female-headed households face in improving their food security situation.

For the 2007/2008 seasons, projections show that over 200,000 households will receive seed and/or fertiliser assistance. This figure is 17% lower compared to the previous year. In addition, about 32,000 households will be receiving Conservation Farming support (inputs and training), which represents a 100% increase compared to 2006/2007. Both trends are in line with advocacy efforts by the FAO and agricultural institutes, for more sustainable actions with a focus on management and intensification, shifting emphasis away from just input assistance.

2.1.2 Provide Timely and Appropriate Assistance to Mobile and Vulnerable Populations In 2007, humanitarian actors led by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) continued to support mobile and vulnerable populations (MVPs) throughout the country. Despite restrictions on access placed on humanitarian actors more than 125,000 beneficiaries were assisted in the first half of 2007. While short-term assistance such as temporary shelter, food, water and sanitation was provided to MVPs, humanitarian actors faced difficulties in mobilising resources for transitional support aimed at helping these groups become less dependent on emergency assistance. Limited actions by IOM and its partners included provision of semi-permanent shelters, and piloting of income generating activities and household nutritional gardens. Longer term livelihoods support for MVPs was also provided through programmes such as the PRP and the NGO Joint Initiative. In August 2007, FAO received $200,000 from the Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) for a pilot project aimed at providing fertiliser to assist mobile and vulnerable populations grow their own food, in collaboration with IOM.

In 2007, IOM in partnership with the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) began to mainstream gender-based violence (GBV) prevention and management in the response to MVPs, using the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) guidelines for GBV actions in humanitarian settings. The capacity of local organisations working with MVPs to mainstream GBV in their actions was strengthened, and an additional $150,000 was mobilised from the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Emergency Response Fund for a targeted GBV response in Hopley and Hatcliffe settlements.

2.1.3. Provide Protection for the Most Vulnerable While there were no large-scale evictions taking place in 2007, humanitarian actors continued to respond to small-scale evictions around the country. In response to the resulting shelter needs, humanitarian actors provided over 1,000 temporary shelters and over 335 transitional shelters in 2007.

In 2007, the IASC drafted and adopted the “IASC Movement Protocol’, which summarises the international legal framework and the humanitarian principles relevant to forced evictions and movements of populations of humanitarian concern. The paper is intended to serve as a tool for engagement with the Government of Zimbabwe on issues relating to evictions and movement of populations; however, by October 2007, the Government had not yet given its response to the Protocol.

As part of the discussions on the roll-out of the cluster approach, IASC members agreed to form a working group on protection, instead of a protection cluster, which would start in September 2007 with a rotating chair and be supported by OCHA as the secretariat. It is hoped that this working group will help improve information sharing and joint planning among humanitarian actors working on protection issues. Throughout the inter-agency consultations on protection, there was clear acknowledgement of the fact that the primary responsibility to protect the human rights of vulnerable populations rests with the Government.

The importance of the various players in the protection sector building a shared understanding of the protection issues that require humanitarian actions was highlighted throughout the year. One of the issues identified by the working group members was the need to protect MVPs, especially women and children from sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV). GBV remains a challenge of great proportion: According to new data released in the 2007 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), in Zimbabwe at least 25% of women aged 15-49 years have experienced sexual violence, with a range between 25% and as many as 55%, depending on geographic location, marital status, and education3.

3 DHS 2005/2006.

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A further 36% have experienced physical violence mainly from their intimate partners while as many as 57% have suffered one or more forms of psychological/emotional abuse.

2.1.4. Mainstream HIV/AIDS considerations in all humanitarian actions Relevant stakeholders agreed that HIV/AIDS needs to be mainstreamed across all clusters, and efforts were made to incorporate this in 2007. The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and its partners noted that, while mainstreaming at the strategic level including CAP project sheets had reached a good standard, the main gap was in the actual implementation phase of the projects. To provide additional capacity in this area, and to strengthen linkages between the humanitarian response and the ongoing long-term HIV/AIDS actions, UNAIDS brought on board two national United Nations Volunteers in the second half of 2007 with funding from the Norwegian Government.

In 2006, UNFPA, IOM and UNICEF mobilised resources through a joint proposal to the “United Nations system-wide programme to scale up HIV/AIDS services for populations of humanitarian concern”, a Department for International Development (DFID)-funded initiative. These resources will be used to strengthen the HIV/AIDS and GBV response in the Beitbridge Reception Centre, which assists migrants returned from South Africa. The main forms of assistance in this project will be the provision of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and other health services to survivors of sexual violence and other forms of GBV, and the prevention and management of sexual abuse and exploitation, among other responses.

HIV prevalence among adults was reported to have dropped to 18%, and the level of HIV awareness in the general population remained high.4 However an issue of concern in this new HIV prevalence data is that women and girls are 50% more vulnerable to HIV infection than their male counterparts, hence the need to address the vulnerability factors for this target group in the HIV response. In 2007, the Ministry of Health (MoH) reported that 72,000 people were receiving anti-retroviral therapy (ART) through the public sector, with an additional 8,000 receiving such therapy in the private sector5, an increase from a total of 40,000 in 2006.

The same report also highlighted an increase in facilities offering ART from 7 in December 2004, to 103 in May 2007. This progress was the result of increased efforts by all concerned partners. Due to already existing gender inequalities which result in lower access to economic resources by women, the access to ART would be vary among men and women. It would therefore be interesting to know the number of women and men actually accessing ART in both the public and private sector programmes.

2.1.5 Response and preparedness to acute disease outbreaks In 2007, Zimbabwe was hit by a series of diarrhoea outbreaks, during which a total of 5,047 cases and 67 deaths were reported.6 Bulawayo also recorded a diarrhoea outbreak in September, with the weekly number of cases peaking at 431 in mid-September. By October, this outbreak had been brought under control. In most cases across the country, the acute disease outbreaks were linked to inadequate access to safe water/sanitation and poor hygiene practices.

A few minor outbreaks of cholera were reported in the first three quarters of 2007. By September 2007, the country had reported 63 cases of cholera and three deaths (case fatality rate [CFR]-5%) in Harare City and five rural districts, compared to 1,012 cases and 12 deaths (CFR–1%) in 2006. Humanitarian actors responded effectively to the outbreaks by way of drugs and supplies, as well as technical expertise. For example, between February and May 2007, World Health Organization (WHO) carried out a cholera response project using funding obtained from the CERF and the European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office (ECHO) in 2006 and also procured supplies and conducted trainings for health facility staff.

Despite the apparent reduction in cholera cases from 2006 to 2007, humanitarian actors remained concerned about the risk of new outbreaks of the disease, which is endemic in the sub-region. In particular, the lack of access to safe water and sanitation in Bulawayo has led some vulnerable people

4 DHS 2005/2006. 5 HIV/AIDS treatment and care, AIDS and tuberculosis unit, June 2007. 6 Kadoma Municipality Reports and MoHCW Weekly Epidemiological Reports.

ZIMBABWE to engage in unhealthy coping mechanisms, including open defecation, which may heighten the risk of a disease outbreak once the rainy season starts at the end of 2007.

2.1.6 Improve access to populations of humanitarian concern and ensure adequate service delivery Access to populations of humanitarian concern remained largely unchanged from 2006 to 2007. By and large, humanitarian actors were able to implement their programmes in close consultation with local authorities. In urban areas, some NGOs found it difficult to deal with the multiple and sometimes overlapping layers of authority. 7 Meanwhile, access and space to conduct needs assessments remained a challenge, particularly in areas where there were MVPs and populations at risk of being forcibly evicted from their dwellings.

In the second quarter of 2007, a total of about 30 international humanitarian NGOs operating in Zimbabwe reported that applications for temporary employment permits (TEPs) for their international staff were rejected. Following action by the United Nations and NGOs with the Government, in the third quarter of 2007, the number of TEP rejections reported to OCHA declined significantly. At the same time, the Department of Immigration pledged that, while not changing any rules or policies, it would create a designated “NGO desk’ in order to speed up the processing of TEP applications.8

2.1.7 Link humanitarian actions to medium and longer-term rehabilitation objectives to avoid dependency A number of livelihood actions were implemented in 2007, particularly by the NGO community. Many of these were supported under the PRP, which was funded by DFID and Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID). The French Government also supported a United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) community rehabilitation project in Chiredzi. While the 2007 CAP for Zimbabwe had a ‘dual focus’ on relief and transitional support, most of the funding provided went to projects focusing on relief. As of 15 November 2007, the 2007 CAP had received $166,814,522 for Emergency Relief (68% of revised requirements), and $25,168,245 for Transitional Support (27% of revised requirements. Combined emergency relief/transitional support projects received $21,145,304 (38% of revised requirements). This pattern of funding suggests that many donors chose to prioritise immediate life-saving actions ahead of transitional support. At the same time, multi-year mechanisms not related to the CAP, such as the programme of support for orphans and vulnerable children (OVC), were used by some donors to provide funding for transitional support.

2.1.8 Improve Access to Basic Social Services for the Most Vulnerable Populations The hyper inflationary environment and the shortages of foreign currency in the public sector were detrimental to the goal of improved access to basic social services in 2007. The health sector faced serious challenges in terms of availability of medication, staff attrition and deteriorating service provision. The education sector also faced problems relating to funding, school fees and staff attrition. Both the health sector and the education sector experienced long-lasting strikes in 2007.

Access to safer water and sanitation was equally affected in 2007, especially in urban areas. The city of Bulawayo was particularly hard-hit by water shortages, following inadequate rainfall. While lack of water remains a chronic problem in Bulawayo, the situation reached an acute phase in the second half of 2007. By October 2007, the city was only receiving about 30% of its daily water requirement. Meanwhile, humanitarian actors expressed concern about the water quality in Harare, which was threatened by contamination of sewage from Chitungwiza and by lack of chemicals.

2.1.9 Improve Information Management and Information Sharing Significant efforts were invested in improving information management and sharing both at the sector level and between the sectors. Sectors such as nutrition, agriculture, water and sanitation and child protection/OVC produced atlases of ‘Who is doing What Where’ (3W) in 2007. OCHA also assisted in undertaking a 3W exercise for Matebeleland and provided other mapping products as per request from humanitarian actors including Government line Ministries. Throughout the year, agencies provided information for monthly humanitarian situation reports, which were compiled by OCHA and shared with all stakeholders including the Government, donors, United Nations agencies, NGOs,

7 On 25 September, at a Tripartite Meeting attended by representatives from the Government, the UN and NGOs, the Permanent Secretary from the Ministry of Public Service, Labour Social Welfare advised the NGOs to use the Ministry as the main entry point for operational access issues in urban areas. 8 Meeting of the Chief Immigration Officer and the NGO, facilitated by OCHA on 14 September 2007.

ZIMBABWE churches and other interested parties. OCHA also launched a new website as a platform for information sharing, which is available at http://ochaonline2.un.org/zimbabwe.

2.2 IMPACT OF FUNDING LEVELS As of 15 November 2007 the donor response to the 2007 CAP for Zimbabwe amounted to $213,142,431 of the revised requirement of $394,679,913. This figure included large variations among the sectors, with food (74%), water and sanitation (54%), coordination (95%) and shelter (54%) being the best funded sectors. Compared to previous years, shelter and water and sanitation experienced a significant increase in funding in 2007. However, several sectors of the CAP including agriculture (15%), health (27%), education (0%) and livelihoods (0%) attracted little or no funding in 2007. This pattern of funding suggests that due to resource limitations, many donors chose to prioritise immediate life-saving actions ahead of transitional support. Some donors also reported that they were unable to fund transitional projects until there were changes in the governance situation in the country.

To some extent, the sectoral gaps described above were met through funding provided to longer-term mechanisms not directly related to the CAP, or to projects such as the PRP and the Joint Initiative, which were included in the multi-sector part of the 2007 CAP (see table below).

MULTI-YEAR FUNDING MECHANISMS IN ZIMBABWE - OVERVIEW Mechanism Objective Timeline Budget Expanded Support “To complement existing January 2007-December $40 million Programme (ESP) for programmes in financing gaps 2009 HIV/AIDS towards attaining reduced transmission of HIV; reduced impact and improved quality of life of those infected and affected by HIV/AIDS and strengthening coordination of the HIV/AIDS response at all levels.” Programme of Support To scale up implementation of the 2006-2010 $96,000,000 for OVC National Action Plan for OVC. ($70 million mobilised as of October 2006)

PRP To improve the food security of First phase: $74,380,165 more than 1.6 million of the poorest August 2004-March and most vulnerable people in 2008 Zimbabwe by increasing their access to seeds and fertilisers, nutrition gardens and safe water, Second phase: Approximately and to provide care to the March 2008-2013 $20,661,157 per chronically ill. annum

In February 2007, Zimbabwe received an allocation of $2 million from the CERF window for under- funded emergencies, which was earmarked for shelter and water and sanitation. Activities under these grants focused particularly on vulnerable communities in Bulawayo and Epworth. In August, Zimbabwe received another $2 million allocation from the CERF. Projects focusing on protection/SGBV, health (intravenous [IV] fluids), nutritional surveillance, and agriculture were approved by the Emergency Relief Coordinator. In September, in response to the deteriorating food security situation, WFP’s food project in the 2007 CAP received an allocation of $8 million from the CERF rapid-response window.

2.3 LESSONS LEARNED Among the lessons learned that were highlighted at the 2008 CAP Workshop was the need to continue to improve information-sharing and vulnerability analysis, to make sure that the most vulnerable are targeted for assistance. As part of this effort, UNICEF contracted a group of consultants from Boston University to review and analyse available information on vulnerability in Zimbabwe from recent years. The results of this study were expected to be shared with all stakeholders in the fourth quarter of 2007.

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Another lesson highlighted at the CAP Workshop was the need to improve humanitarian access to conduct inter-agency assessments. Without such assessments, it is difficult for humanitarian actors to engage in joint analysis and planning of the response, and to conduct credible monitoring and evaluation. Participants at the Workshop added that, in collaboration with the Government, there was also a need to improve the timeliness of access to, and release of, the results of various joint needs assessments.

It was felt that coordination with the Government of Zimbabwe and other humanitarian actors could be further improved. Therefore, two new coordination forums were instituted for this purpose. Starting in September, the United Nations humanitarian agencies began joint bi-monthly coordination meetings with Government line Ministries on humanitarian issues. At the same time, a quarterly trilateral meeting between the Government, the United Nations and civil society was successfully instituted.

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3. THE 2008 COMMON HUMANITARIAN ACTION PLAN

3.1 THE CONTEXT AND HUMANITARIAN NEEDS ANALYSIS 3.1.A The Context I. Economic Decline The difficult and unpredictable economic context remains a major challenge for humanitarian actors operating in Zimbabwe. Since 1999, the Zimbabwean economy has experienced an unprecedented decline leading to increased levels of vulnerability in both rural and urban areas. At the end of September 2007, the official annual inflation rate was 7,892%9. Unofficiall, the Consumer Council of Zimbabwe, an organisation representing the interests of consumers, estimated inflation at just over 10,000%. While the Government has projected a single-digit inflation level by 2008, Zimbabwe’s GDP growth rate is estimated at negative 5.7% in 2007, and the IMF estimates that growth will be negative 3.6% in 2008, compared to sub-Saharan Africa average of positive 5.3%.10

According to Government data, 72% of Zimbabwe’s population was earning or living below the poverty line by 2003.11 The situation is expected to have worsened since then. The decline in both formal and informal sector employment opportunities has had a negative impact on household income. For example, the 2005/2006 DHS found that 29.5% of men and 56.4% of women were not employed in the twelve months preceding the survey.

Traditional safety nets and coping mechanisms, including informal sector employment such as street vending and open-air markets, which were traditionally dominated by women, have been eroded in recent years. Market places being constructed by the Government as part of Operation Garikai12 cannot yet accommodate as many traders as were vending on the streets before Operation Murambatsvina in 2005. Whilst exact figures are not available, the large outward irregular migration has led to subsequent loss of skills to the country. One of the effects has increased the vulnerability levels for women, some of whom have resorted to risky coping mechanisms.

The economic decline, combined with the unpredictable policy environment, has also created operational challenges and increased expenditures for humanitarian actors, particularly relating to procurement of supplies, payment of duties for imports, modalities for payment of salaries, access to food for staff, fuel shortages, cost of TEP applications, and management of foreign exchange.

II. Agriculture The productivity of the agriculture sector has been significantly reduced since the initiation of the land reform in 2000. Employment and export earnings have dropped drastically, resulting in a general economic decline. The collapse of large parts of the agriculture sector has also impacted negatively on input production and supply. Local fertiliser production has declined by more than 50%13, seed prices have risen drastically and imported inputs are mostly unavailable, leading to reduced production in all sectors.

The production patterns of the agriculture sector have shifted from developed technological systems, towards more basic subsistence farming methods. Maize yields in the communal areas have more than halved from about 1.3 MT/hectare in 1986 to just over 500 kg/hectare in 200714. The increased dependency of the farming sectors on external factors (climate) is heightening the risks of recurring food insecurities. Factors such as the controlled and uneconomically low producer prices (maize), the controlled exchange rate, funding constraints and the persisting land insecurity are also impacting negatively on agricultural production.

9 Central Statistics Office, monthly statistics, September 2007. 10 World Bank, World Development Indicator Database, April 2006. Available at: http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/DATASTATISTICS/0,,contentMDK:20899413~pagePK:64133150~piPK:64133175~theSite PK:239419,00.html. 11 Government of Zimbabwe, PASS, 2003/2006. 12 The objective of Operation Garikai/Hlalani Kuhle is “to provide decent and affordable accommodation as well as create an enabling and conducive environment that promotes small and medium scale business enterprises.” (Response by Government of Zimbabwe to the Report by the United Nations Special Envoy on Operation Murambatsvina/Operation Restore Order (OM/ORO), August 2005, page 6). 13 FAO, Agriculture Working Group Journal, 2007. 14 FAO, Agriculture Working Group Journal, September 2006.

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The FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessment Mission (CFSAM), conducted in April-May 2007, found that the structural decline in national agricultural production over the last 6-7 years was also due to the inability of newly-settled farmers to utilise all the prime land allocated to them. According to the CFSAM, the settlement farmers only cultivated about 30-55% of their total arable land, owing to shortages of tractor or draught power and fertilisers, lack of secure tenure, under-investment in infrastructure and improvements, funding constraints, lack of incentives because of price controls and absenteeism on the part of settler beneficiaries.

The 2007 CFSAM also found that the combined impacts of adverse weather and severe economic constraints had induced hardship and food insecurity among both rural and urban populations, particularly in Matabeleland South/North, Midlands, Masvingo and parts of Manicaland. It estimated the 2007 national cereal production at 1,055 MT, 44% lower than 2006. As a result, an estimated 4.1 million people, in both urban and rural areas, would require international food assistance amounting to 352,000 MT of cereals in 2007/2008, assuming that commercial imports would account for 700,000 MT. The mission recommended an additional 90,000 MT of non-cereal food aid to meet minimum daily calorie requirement of 2,100 Kcal for the most vulnerable people. The CFSAM projections assume that Grain Marketing Board (GMB) supplies will function normally and that households not targeted for humanitarian assistance will be able to use their own resources to access food from the market at designated prices.

III. Declining Basic Service Provision

A. Health Factors including lack of foreign currency, continued economic decline, and shortages of essential equipment and drugs have reduced the capacity of the public sector to provide basic services, particularly health, water and sanitation and education. A joint assessment by the MoH and WHO in 2003 found that less than 50% of the essential equipment was available in the facilities, and the situation is believed to have worsened. Furthermore, the health sector has been affected by brain drain of skilled and experienced personnel. The Health Service Board reported vacancies of 47.7% for nurses, 57.4% for Doctors, and 78.8% for pharmacists within the public health system in December 2006, and the situation has certainly only worsened since then, although few reliable figures exist on these trends. The impact of these challenges in the health sector have hit women the hardest, as they are ensuring the basic health care and well being of the family, and also bearing the larger burden of care for AIDS patients .

Recent surveys present a mixed picture of the health situation in Zimbabwe because of the following: • Various factors, including transport costs, lack of motivation of health staff, lack of drugs and supplies in clinics and hospital and declining purchasing power of population, utilisation of health facilities are on the decline; • Access to essential drugs has been progressively reduced according to the National Pharmaceutical Company of Zimbabwe (NatPharm); • The MoHCW lacks the capacity to sustain programmes aimed at prevention and control of epidemic prone diseases; • Ante-natal care (ANC) use still relatively high and the contraceptive prevalence rate in Zimbabwe has increased steadily from 38% in 1984 to 60% in 200615; • The Total Fertility Rate has declined from 4.0 in 1999 to 3.8 in 2006. However, additional needs for contraception remain; • Maternal mortality stood at 555/100,000 live births according to the 2005/2006 DHS; • Skilled attendance at delivery declined from 73% in 1999 to 69% in 2006 while institutional deliveries declined from 72% to 68% over the same period16; • The proportion of children who received all of the recommended vaccinations (including diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus [DPT] and polio4) dropped from 67% in 1999 to 53% in 2005/2006; and those who had not received any vaccination increased from 12% in 1999 to 21% in 2005/2006; • Apart from HIV/AIDS, the most frequently experienced disease condition was malaria (17.2%), followed by diarrhoea (16.5%). In 2007, outbreaks of diarrhoea became more frequent, with outbreaks in Kadoma (1,890 cases, 30 deaths in July 2007), Gokwe (1,384 cases, 34 deaths in July 2007) and Bulawayo (355 weekly cases in September 2007).17

15 Zimbabwe DHS 2006. 16 Zimbabwe DHS 2006. 17 MoHCW weekly updates/WHO.

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Sub-national variations in health vulnerability were evident in the 2003 mortality survey. The year 2006 witnessed the following: • Immunisation coverage: 19 out of 59 districts had coverage of measles less that 80%. 14 districts have a coverage of less than 80% for DPT3 and three districts less than 60% and hence vulnerable to measles and DPT outbreaks; • Thirty districts out of 59 are prone to malaria outbreaks with a total fatality rate around 7%; • Seven districts out of 59 are at high risk of cholera and other diarrhoeal diseases. Malaria and diarrhoea are noted to be overlapping in season and geographic area.

Acute/Chronic Malnutrition Preliminary findings of the Zimbabwe Vulnerability Assessment Committee’s Food Security and Nutrition Assessment carried out in June 2007 indicate that acute malnutrition18, commonly associated with short-term protein/caloric deficiencies and/or illness (diarrhoea), was above or approaching recognised emergency thresholds19 in the sampled districts (Mangwe [12.1%], Kariba Urban [11.4%], Kadoma Urban [8.4%], Kadoma Rural [8.0%], and Mazowe (6.6%). It was also found that 33% of the children in Kadoma were reported as having diarrhoea in the previous two weeks. In some of these areas, malnutrition rates had doubled since November 2006. Since the drought in 2002/3, nutrition surveillance had never detected acute malnutrition at these levels. This deterioration in nutritional status is particularly worrisome considering that the assessment was carried out soon after the April harvest, with the peak “hunger season” still five to six months away.

Chronic malnutrition (stunting) reflects failure to receive adequate nutrition over a long period of time and may also be caused by recurrent and chronic illness. It is highly correlated with poverty, continued to remain elevated in some areas and above the recognised WHO emergency threshold of 29% in eight districts. These districts were Zaka (34.8%), Chipinge (32.1%), Chivi (32.0%), Epworth (31.5%), Gokwe South (30.9%), Umzingwane (30.8%), Hatcliffe (30.7%), and Mutare Rural (30.0%).

B. Education Zimbabwe made significant gains in the education sector during the years immediately following independence and in the early 1990’s. According to the 2005 Human Development Report, the adult illiteracy rate in Zimbabwe was the lowest among Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries. The report, which relied on national literacy estimates from the period between 2000 and 2004, listed illiteracy rates varying from only 10% in Zimbabwe compared to 53.5% in Mozambique.20 However, further development in the education sector has become severely challenged since the turn of the century, and the gains made in the 1980s and 1990 are now being undermined particularly by economic decline.

Infrastructure is gradually deteriorating; there are declining enrolment rates at the early child development level, low transition rates to secondary education, and a shortage of educational and teaching materials. Although primary school enrolment rates were above 90% in 2004, and showed gender parity,21 attendance and completion rates have been dropping with more girls than boys failing to complete secondary and tertiary education due to a combination of factors such as the proportionate burden of care for AIDS patients, unplanned pregnancy and inability to pay for school fees.

In 1999, 84% of rural children aged 6-12 years attended school; in 2004 only 77% did.22 Increased school fees and the general cost of living have had a negative impact on school attendance, as many households are forced to reprioritise expenditures. Most often the education of girls falls out of the priority list, hence the need to ensure that in addressing access to education in the CAP 2008, responses aim to address this gender difference. While the majority of the assessed MVP

18 66 cases of oedema were reported; however, the validity of the oedema data is uncertain, and therefore GAM was not used in this preliminary report. 19 Government of Zimbabwe recognises a wasting rate of 7% as the emergency cut-off point. The international emergency cut-off point is 10%. 20 Human Development Report 2005, Human Development Index. http://hdr.undp.org/reports/global/2005/pdf/HDR05_HDI.pdf 21 MoESC, 2004. 22 1999 DHS; OVC survey 2004/2005.

ZIMBABWE communities noted in a survey that there were schools in their proximity, only 31% of these communities reported that the majority of boys and girls were able to secure education.23

C. Water and sanitation Results from a survey conducted jointly by the Government and UNICEF in May 2006 indicated a decline in the proportion of people with access to safe drinking water from 70% in 1999 to 60% in 2006. The survey also revealed that only 40% of rural households used safe sanitary facilities.24 This situation will likely worsen in 2008 due to the current economic challenges and the crumbling infrastructure. Financial constraints, fuel shortages and lack of available spare parts have resulted in decreased maintenance of current water systems, which will have a negative, long-term effect. For example, lack of foreign currency has made it difficult for city authorities to purchase water treatment chemicals and repair broken pumping machinery, leading to lower water pumping capacity and reduced water quality. This situation is exacerbated by frequent electricity power cuts, which reduce the pumping time.

Bulawayo City's 1.5 million people are among the most vulnerable to critical water shortages. By September 2007, the city had de-commissioned three out of its five water supply dams, as their water levels had dropped below acceptable thresholds. One of the two remaining dams was expected to be decommissioned in October 2007. The city requires 140,000m3 of water a day, but as of September 2007, the remaining supply dams could only provide 69,000 m3 daily.25 In September 2007, many suburbs received only seven hours of water in a one-week period; suburbs located on higher ground were going for weeks without water. One result of this water shortage has been an increase in the work burden for especially women and girls who have now resorted to walking long distances or wait in long queues for hours to fetch clean water. Unable to use flushable toilets due to water shortages, some residents resorted to unsafe sanitary practices such as open defaecation.

Sewage systems in most urban areas have broken down due to age, excessive load, pump breakdowns and poor maintenance. The breakdown of sewage systems has resulted in large volumes of raw sewage being discharged into natural watercourses, which ultimately feed into major urban water supply sources. An example is Chitungwiza, which – because of constant breakdowns of its sewage systems – often discharges raw sewage into Manyame River and subsequently into Lake Chivero, the main source of water for Harare, Norton, Chitungwiza and Ruwa. This situation carries a significant risk to public health.

IV. HIV/AIDS In May 2002, the Government of Zimbabwe declared HIV/AIDS a national emergency in response to the HIV infection rate having reached 36%. This declaration paved the way for the use of generic drugs in the fight against HIV/AIDS. Significant prevention and education efforts have been made over several years, producing noticeable behavioural changes. However, the burden of the HIV/AIDS pandemic remains great, and an estimated 180,00026 deaths from AIDS occur every year (3,000 deaths per week). Life expectancy in Zimbabwe is reported to have dropped to 34 years for women and 37 years for men, in large part due to HIV/AIDS.27 The pandemic has also fuelled a rapid rise in the number of orphans and vulnerable children in the country, which is currently estimated at 1.6 million28.

There are 1.3 million people living with HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS 2006), HIV prevalence dropping to 18% in 2006 (ZDHS 2005/2006), estimated at least 80,000 people on anti-retrovirus (ARV) treatment, compared to 400,000 in need (WHO 2006). All key stakeholders agree that the provision of ARV treatment in Zimbabwe needs to be scaled up dramatically, and progress is being made in this area. As of September 2007, an estimated 80,000 people out of the 350,000-400,000 people in need were receiving ARVs29. While still inadequate, this number represents a significant improvement compared to previous years. However, With the actual economic difficulties and the inflation rates, around 30-

23 IOM, Reassessment of MVP Communities, November 2006. 24 UNICEF and Government of Zimbabwe, May 2006. 25 Bulawayo City Council, September 2007. 26 UNAIDS 2007. 27 WHO; 2006 World Health Report. The Government of Zimbabwe has contested these figures. http://www.who.int/whr/2006/en/index.htm l 28 UNICEF 2007. 29 Zimbabwe National AIDS Council.

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40,000 people already on treatment are threatened to discontinue their ART if no action is taken to replenish the ARV stock, especially for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) living in rural areas and accessing treatment in the urban facilities. PLWHA living outside of the urban areas cannot cope with the new decision of health facilities for the provision of 15 days of ARV rather than the usual 1 months supply, therefore more and more PLWHA with no transportation support are defaulting and missing their consultations appointment.

Meanwhile, public health institutions often lack adequate supplies of drugs for opportunistic infections such as tuberculosis and diarrhoea. Given the disproportionate impact of AIDS on women and men, the ART response in 2008 needs to pay special attention to this difference by improving the coping mechanisms of the most vulnerable (women, children, the elderly who care for orphans and AIDS patients etc) as well as strengthen their access to ART.

V. Natural Disasters Naturally-induced disasters, such as floods, drought, disease outbreaks, minor earthquakes30, plagues of army worm31 and quelea birds32, appear to have become more frequent occurrences in recent years. Socio-economic hardship, high inflation, unemployment and high levels of poverty, among other factors, aggravate the impact of naturally-induced disasters. During the rainy season, areas in the southeast and northwest are regularly impacted by flooding, including Tsholotsho, Chiredzi, Chipinge, Mwenezi, Chimanimani and Muzarabani33.

Droughts and dry spells also occur relatively often in Zimbabwe, as the weather pattern across the sub-region appears to be changing. These occurrences are further complicated by the economic challenges facing the country. Besides causing extensive crop failures, droughts and dry spells have also resulted in livestock deaths. Animal deaths are detrimental to long-term agricultural development, as livestock are an important source of draught power and difficult and expensive to replace. Areas mostly affected by lack of rain include the Masvingo, Midlands, Matabeleland North, Matabeleland South and Mashonaland West provinces. To some extent, areas affected by food insecurity were also affected by malnutrition (see map on page 18).

VI. Political Context The political context in Zimbabwe remains tense and uncertain for humanitarian actors, who carry out their operations in an unpredictable environment. There is hope that the ongoing SADC initiative on Zimbabwe will yield positive results in addressing the political challenges facing the country. The planned local, parliamentary and Presidential elections planned for March 2008 may create additional challenges for humanitarian actors, particularly as the elections will take place during the peak lean season.

3.1.B Humanitarian Needs Analysis Food Insecurity Zimbabwe’s main cereal harvest in April 2007 was poor due to a combination of factors. Those include adverse weather (late start to the rains and lengthy dry spells, particularly in the south), insufficient agricultural inputs (fertiliser, herbicides, tractors and oxen), deteriorating farming infrastructure (irrigation schemes), the disincentive effect of controlled producer prices set by the Government, and the impact of HIV/AIDS. These factors resulted in a reduction in acreage planted, average yield and overall production. Increasing poverty, 80% unemployment, rising prices of basic goods and hyperinflation mean that a large number of rural and urban people will not be able to purchase enough food to meet their consumption requirements.

The 2007 CFSAM reported that 4.1 million Zimbabweans in urban and rural areas will need food assistance between January and March 2008, compared to the 1.4 million food-insecure people in rural areas in need of such assistance during the first quarter of 2007. According to the CFSAM estimates, domestic availability of cereals for consumption in 2007/2008 is about 1.287 million MT,

30 In 2006, Zimbabwe experienced two earthquakes of measuring 7.5 (23 February 2006) and 4.3 (21 May 2006) on the Richter scale. Source: United States Geological Survey (USGS) - http://neic.usgs.gov/neis/last_event/world_zimbabwe.html. 31 Outbreaks of army worm recorded in February 2003 and January 2006. 32 According to Agricultural Research and Extension (AREX) reports, quelea birds threatened wheat and small grains harvests in 2005, 2006 and 2007. 33 Localised flash floods are a common occurrence in low lying areas like Tsholotsho, while areas along major rivers like Muzarabani (Zambezi River), Chipinge (Save River) and Chiredzi (Limpopo River) experience floods of varying magnitude annually.

ZIMBABWE while the total utilisation of cereals 2.339 million MT, including 1.928 million MT for direct human consumption. The resulting cereal import requirement is estimated at 1.052 million MT, of which maize deficit accounts for 813,000 MT. Given the drought season of 2006/2007, the reduced production in the high-potential agricultural zones, the acute shortage of foreign exchange, the dwindling export base and the very high prices for maize in the region, the CFSAM estimates that total commercial cereal imports will amount to 700,000 MT, leaving an uncovered deficit of 352,000 MT of maize. This deficit would need to be met through international humanitarian assistance.

For the 2007/2008 season, the issues of availability and affordability of major agricultural inputs are a cause of serious concern. While the country should have enough maize seed, many remote areas might be unable to source it because of poor transport infrastructure or fuel shortage. Other inputs, such as legume seeds, small grains and fertiliser are in short supply. National production of fertiliser will be able to cover only a fraction of the requirement. In addition, the unavailability of tillage services (fuel shortages, breakdown of the national tractor fleet and unavailability of draught power) will also likely have a substantial negative impact on the food security of the households.

Disease Outbreaks Lack of water treatment chemicals and breakdown of sewage systems in most urban areas have led to extensive pollution of urban water supply in Harare, Chitungwiza and Bulawayo, increasing the risk of diseases such as diarrhoea. While hygiene practices are a key factor in diarrhoea outbreaks, shortages of drugs and qualified health personnel also increase risks. In 2007, outbreaks of diarrhoea became more frequent, with outbreaks in Kadoma (1,890 cases, 30 deaths in July 2007), Gokwe (1,384 cases, 34 deaths in July 2007) and Bulawayo (355 weekly cases in September 2007).34

Acute/chronic malnutrition Factors associated with acute malnutrition included settlement type (with large scale commercial farms having higher rates of malnutrition than other types of settlements); gender (boys more affected than girls), age (most malnutrition occurs in second year of life; and type of household (households headed by children and/or elderly and households with poor access to food most affected). However, further analysis is required in order to ascertain the extent to which rising malnutrition is associated with increasing food gaps or other factors such as disease outbreaks and acute respiratory infections. (Please also see 3.A. for more details)

34 MoHCW Weekly Updates/WHO.

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Zimbabwe – Acute malnutrition per District

Increased Migration A combination of socio-economic and political factors has caused increased migration to South Africa, Botswana and other neighbouring countries. Since January 2007, on average 16,500 Zimbabweans are being deported from South Africa to Beitbridge monthly. It is also reported that an average of 4,000 Zimbabweans are deported from Botswana per month. The numbers of people being deported showed a slow, upward trend in 2007. Meanwhile, there were no reliable estimates available of the total number of people leaving Zimbabwe for neighbouring countries.

The deported migrants arriving in Beitbridge include women and children, some of them unaccompanied. Upon return to Zimbabwe, they are often destitute, vulnerable and are forced to depend on limited coping mechanisms, making them prone to sexual abuse, exploitation and prostitution, which in turn make them more vulnerable to HIV/AIDS. As the number of returned migrants requiring assistance is expected to grow, the Reception and Support Centre (RSC) implemented by IOM, in partnership with UNICEF, WFP, Population Services International, UNFPA and Save the Children Norway is likely to feel the strain. Since many migrants arrive at the Centre in poor health, more resources will be required for health provision as well as food and other basic services.

3.2 SCENARIOS Best-case Scenario In the best-case scenario the country would experience a political transformation that would include a multi-stakeholder agreement on the future of Zimbabwe’s constitution, an environment conducive to free and fair elections in 2008, and full respect of human rights and the rule of law. The agricultural sector would experience timely distribution of agricultural inputs and the optimal use of cultivated land. Improved agricultural extension services would result in better control of crop and livestock diseases and good preservation of harvested food. Good rains and improved management of water resources would occur throughout the country.

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Worst-case Scenario35 The assumptions for a worst case scenario in 2008 include severe weather conditions. The failure of rains for another consecutive year would have a very serious impact. Alternatively, unusually heavy rains may disrupt agricultural production by causing large-scale flooding, particularly in low-veld areas. This scenario may also see the occurrence of an epidemiological disaster resulting in the outbreak of diarrhoea and malaria that may affect more than 700,000 persons. In addition, severe economic disruptions and political violence in urban and peri-urban areas in the run-up to elections in March 2008, leading to breakdown of law and order, is also foreseen in the worst-case scenario. An estimated 1.2 million people could be affected by this kind of violence, resulting in increased population movements across the borders of South African, Botswana, Zambia and Mozambique.

Most Likely Scenario In this scenario, the political situation remains largely unchanged throughout 2008. The economy continues to deteriorate, further weakening the delivery of basic social services and increasing demand for humanitarian support. The country experiences normal to above-normal rainfalls that would see an increase in the amount of land used for agricultural production36. Nonetheless, poor marketing, restrictive pricing policies and lack of agricultural inputs will affect availability and accessibility of food. Over four million people will require food assistance in the first quarter of 2008. Throughout the year, humanitarian actors will need to be prepared to respond to acute disease outbreaks in a coordinated manner.

The planning scenario for 2008 is further characterised by: • Continued economic decline and erosion of livelihoods; • High levels of food insecurity; • High levels of migration and increased numbers of mobile and vulnerable populations; • Continued political divisions; • An unpredictable policy environment; • Weakened basic services (water, sanitation, education, health etc.); • Growing severity of disease outbreaks such as diarrhoea; • Severe shortage of basic goods and services (fuel, electricity, transport etc.); • Poverty levels deteriorating (more people below the poverty line); • Continued impact of human rights issues including SGBV.

The period immediately before and after the planned local, parliamentary and Presidential elections in March 2008 present particular risks and challenges to humanitarian actors. The elections will coincide with the peak lean season. Other factors affecting the situation include food pipeline break; reduced humanitarian access; heightened political tension; violence; disease outbreaks; and fuel shortages. As such, the first quarter of 2008 will be a period of particular concern for humanitarian actors in Zimbabwe.

3.3 STRATEGIC PRIORITIES FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE The humanitarian response in Zimbabwe aims to save lives, mitigate the impact of the humanitarian situation and prevent a further deterioration. It also aims to help households and communities transition towards a situation where they no longer depend on emergency assistance. Priority sectors in 2008 include food, agriculture, water and sanitation, nutrition and health.

The strategic priorities of the 2008 Consolidated Appeals are to: • Save lives, alleviate suffering and promote dignity of vulnerable groups; • Enhance livelihoods and food security; • Strengthen coordination and collaboration with all stakeholders including the Government.

Based on these priorities, the following overall, joint objectives have been identified for the 2008 Consolidated Appeal: 1. Provide timely and adequate assistance to vulnerable populations in order to mitigate the impact of and reduce food insecurity, erosion of livelihoods and declined access to basic social services;

35 In humanitarian settings including Zimbabwe, the worst-case scenario is routinely dealt with through agency-specific, sector-specific and inter-agency contingency planning exercises. 36 The Meteorological Services Department has predicted normal to above normal rainfalls across the country for the 2007/2008 cropping season (early indications for the 2007-2008 rainfall season, Meteorological Services Department, 23 August 2007).

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2. Enhance preparedness for and timely response to acute disease outbreaks and other sudden emergencies; 3. Provide protection for the most vulnerable, including efforts to address sexual and gender-based violence; 4. Mainstream and address cross-cutting issues such as HIV/AIDS, age and gender in all humanitarian actions; and, 5. Link humanitarian actions to transitional support including efforts to strengthen local coping mechanisms.

The 2008 Consolidated Appeal uses the following definition of ‘transitional support’: "Transitional support is defined as support that begins early in a humanitarian setting. It is a multi- dimensional process, which seeks to build upon the more traditional humanitarian programmes and catalyse sustainable development opportunities. Transitional support aims to generate to the extent possible self-sustaining, locally owned and resilient processes for post-crisis recovery. It encompasses livelihoods, shelter, environment and social dimensions, including the reintegration of vulnerable populations. It stabilises human security and where the opportunity exists begins to address underlying risks that contributed to the crisis."

The table presented in Chapter IV (‘Strategic Monitoring Plan’) provides a basic monitoring framework for the 2008 Consolidated Appeal. In addition, each sector response plan contains a set of more specific sectoral objectives each linked to one or more indicators, which will help humanitarian actors in monitoring progress at the sector level. The sector objectives have been informed by, and developed in accordance with, the overall objectives of the Consolidated Appeal.

The vulnerable groups being prioritised for assistance as part of the 2008 CAP are: • People in need of food assistance in urban and rural areas (4.1 million - FAO/WFP CFSAM, 2007); • Food-insecure households (250,000 households targeted for assistance with seed and/or fertiliser – Agriculture Working Group 2007); • Child-headed households; • OVC (1.6 million - UNICEF 2007); • Households including one or more PLWHA (1.6 million persons infected by HIV - MoHCW 2005); • Communities with limited or no access to safe water and sanitation; • Mobile and vulnerable populations (150,000 beneficiaries targeted for assistance in 2008 – IOM); • Returned migrants (monthly average of 17,000 migrants returning from South Africa to Beitbridge and 4,000 returning from Botswana to Plumtree – IOM 2007).

Geographic areas that will receive particular attention in 2008 include: • Matabeleland South/North, Midlands, Masvingo, southern part of Manicaland (food insecurity); • Beitbridge and Plumtree (returned migrants); • Bulawayo City (water shortages and potential disease outbreaks); • Hopley, Hatcliffe, Epworth and other locations hosting mobile and vulnerable populations; • Districts above the national emergency threshold for acute malnutrition (7%) or chronic malnutrition (30%) (see map on page 18). • Districts experiencing acute disease outbreaks in 2008.

Many of the United Nations humanitarian agencies participating in the 2008 CAP also take part in the Zimbabwe United Nations Development Assistance Framework (ZUNDAF) for the period of 2007-2011. The ZUNDAF is a collaborative effort by the Government of Zimbabwe and the United Nations to define and implement development programmes over a five-year period.

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An important difference between the CAP and the ZUNDAF is that, while the CAP is owned by the IASC and includes a number of NGO projects the ZUNDAF is jointly owned by the host Government and the United Nations system and does not include projects requesting direct donor support to NGOs. While different in ownership, participation, programmatic focus, concepts, time period covered, and overall purpose, the two programming tools are in compliance with many of the same long-term goals for international assistance in Zimbabwe, as illustrated in the figure below.

Addressing people’s needs

NATIONAL IMPACT (Progress(Progress towardstowards MDGs))

ZUNDAF PRSP

Emergency & early transitionaltransitional needsneeds of vulnerable people CAP

Complementarities between CAP, ZUNDAF, Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP), and progress towards meeting the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).

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3.4 RESPONSE PLANS The context and the humanitarian needs analysis present compelling evidence of a humanitarian crisis in Zimbabwe, going hand in hand with what could be considered more development-related needs. The humanitarian indicators are clear regarding food security and nutrition, maternal and child health and protection, HIV/AIDS, water and sanitation, and increasing poverty. In an effort to clearly distinguish the vital humanitarian needs of these populations, the 2008 CAP response plans of the agricultural, food aid, health, nutrition, water and sanitation, and education sectors have been grouped together to clarify the prioritisation of beneficiaries and their needs. This should help make the inter- linkages between sectors clearer, highlight cross-cutting needs, and make for stronger linkages between information and action. It should also improve analysis, give greater comparability of results from one sector to another, and give increased and more immediate relevance to the Consolidated Appeal’s strategic priorities.

3.4.A TECHNICAL AREAS

3.4.A.1 Agriculture Priority Needs The current food security crisis in Zimbabwe is a result of a combination of factors: weather; macro- economic deterioration; controls on the cereal trade; high levels of unemployment, inflation and poverty; low production of inputs; and the HIV/AIDS pandemic. These factors affect most segments of the population, including the rural vulnerable, urban poor, ex-farm workers and their families and many of the resettled farmers. Coping mechanisms have increasingly involved the unsustainable use of available natural resources.

Production in the agriculture sector has shifted from developed technological systems, involving a good knowledge of the markets and a high degree of control over inputs, irrigation and production, towards more basic subsistence farming methods that are dependent on weather patterns. This is compounded by the slow uptake and under-utilisation of most former commercial farming land and inadequate access to key agricultural inputs and fuel for tillage.

During the 2006/2007 cropping season, Zimbabwe experienced severe dry spells and a generally unfavorable rainfall season. As a result, 2007 was declared a drought year. At the request of the Government, a team lead by FAO/WFP carried out a CFSAM to estimate the 2007 crop production, assess the food security situation in the country and determine the food import requirements, including food assistance needs, for the marketing year 2007/2008. The CFSAM estimated a harvest of 799,000 MTs of maize and 126,000 MTs of small grains for the main cropping season of 2006/2007. Maize output is estimated to be 46% lower than last year. The total commercial cereal import requirements amount to 700,000 MTs, leaving an uncovered deficit of 352,000 MTs of maize. Commercial imports include 400,000 MTs of maize which have already been contracted from Malawi, 217,000 MTs of wheat, 22,000 MTs of rice and an additional 61,000 MT of maize is expected to be imported by individuals and petty traders. The CFSAM estimates that 4.1 million people, both urban and rural, will require food assistance in compensation for the gap of 352,000 MTs of cereals in 2007/2008.

For the 2007/2008 season, seed houses have indicated that 50,000 MTs of maize seed is available, this quantity being adequate to meet national requirements and sufficient to plant two million hectares. However, the situation regarding fertiliser is dismal. National production of fertiliser is at its lowest since 2002. The sector has been hounded by financial constraints and lack of foreign currency to import raw materials. Currently, there is no locally-produced fertiliser available. Sable Chemicals, which produces ammonium nitrate, is producing below capacity and other manufacturers have closed down.

In the light of the above context, it is unlikely that the country would be able to make good use of the season even if rainfall patterns are favourable. It is therefore predicted that the level of support in terms of number of households covered for this category during the 2007/2008 season will be similar as for the current season. Preliminary information collected from NGOs indicates that approximately 250,000 households will receive support in the form of seed and/or fertiliser for the 2007/2008 agricultural season.

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Objectives The objectives below were designed to respond to the needs of the communities as identified by the assessments undertaken by FAO in collaboration with various NGOs and also findings of the 2007 CFSAM and the ZimVAC rural assessment. The overriding objective of all actions in the agriculture sector is to improve household food security for the targeted population through increased productivity and to ensure that resources are used cost effectively, with the aim of reducing reliance on, and identifying alternatives to, outside food assistance. This objective would be enhanced by the implementation of appropriate agricultural policies.

In close coordination with other sectors of the CAP, such as food aid and nutrition, the agriculture sector will aim to: • Increase productivity of smallholder farmers by at least 50% through input provision, promotion of improved soil, water and crop management practices and linking local farming expertise with private sector marketing opportunities. (In assessing vulnerability it is important to always remember that the challenges facing the agriculture sector are not evenly distributed among men and women. There are challenges of lack of access to agricultural resources that women headed households face and these need to be borne in mind as we provide agricultural inputs to smallholder farmers); • Assist vulnerable households to enhance and protect livestock assets; • Strengthen the capacities of local communities to respond to the challenges posed by HIV/AIDS; • Reinforce linkages between agricultural actions and food aid relief programmes to enhance sustainable livelihoods for vulnerable households; • Monitor the food security situation and the 2007/2008 cropping season to maximise the efficiency and effectiveness of the agricultural relief programmes, with increased coordination among all stakeholders.

Activities The following activities will be carried out by a wide range of stakeholders involved in the provision of assistance to the most vulnerable households in order to improve their food and livelihood security: • Provide agricultural inputs (seed and fertiliser) and promote appropriate and sustainable crop and soil management practices, such as conservation farming; • Strengthen internal savings of rural communities to improve rural household economies and promote crop diversification through establishment of nutrition gardens for vulnerable households and refresher training for home-based care (HBC) givers; • Improve access to water to enhance agricultural production and livelihood opportunities; • Support AREX and NGOs in mainstreaming HIV/AIDS in strategy documents; • Enhance and protect asset holdings of vulnerable households by providing small stock and also through preventing livestock diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and Newcastle disease (NCD); • Promote a variety of methodologies that create the link between agricultural actions and food aid programmes that do not disrupt local markets, but increase entrepreneurial capacity and increase the access of rural households to essential agricultural inputs for the 2007/2008 season; • Collect and disseminate information on the food security situation, developments of the 2007/2008 cropping season and the impact of agricultural actions.

Indicators 1.A Number of poor and vulnerable households assisted and quantity of inputs distributed. 1.B Area planted, yields and production obtained from distributed inputs. 2. Number and type of livestock vaccinated against FMD, NCD and other trans-boundary animal diseases (TADs). 3. Reflection of HIV/AIDS programme mainstreaming in AREX and NGO strategy documents. 4. Recommendations made on the suitability and appropriateness of the different methodologies for linking agricultural actions to food aid programmes. 5. Reports produced on the food security situation, the 2007/2008 cropping season and impact of the actions in the agricultural sector.

Monitoring and Evaluation FAO, in cooperation with NGOs, will coordinate monitoring surveys to assess the impact of agricultural input assistance. The surveys will be conducted in districts where agricultural input assistance has been provided. FAO, working together with the department of veterinary services, will carry out regular monitoring field visits to assess livestock projects. Failure to address the needs of the

ZIMBABWE agricultural sector will lead to a further erosion of livelihoods and a greater susceptibility to food insecurity, especially by the rural poor.

Organisations FAO (lead), Practical Skills Development Centre (PSDC), ActionAid International, Action Contre la Faim (ACF), Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA), Africa 2000 Network Foundation, Africare, Achieving the Potential in Crops Trust, Africa Self-help Assistance Programme (ASAP), Hlekweni Friends Rural Service, CARE, Concern Worldwide, CRS, Community Technology Development Trust (CTDT), Development Aid from People to People (DAPP), Environment Africa, Farmer’s Association of Community Self-Help Investment Groups, Farm Community Trust, Mercy Corps, Southern Alliance for Indigenous Resources (SAFIRE), Sustainable Agriculture Trust, Save the Children Fund (SCF)-UK, Cluster Agricultural Development Services, Zimbabwe Farmers Development Trust, and Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT).

3.4.A.2 Food Aid Priority Needs In June 2007, the joint FAO/WFP CFSAM projected a national shortfall (cereal import requirement) of over one million tonnes during the 2007/2008 season. The mission findings confirmed harvest levels to be 44% less than 2006 and found that the most vulnerable households would run out of stocks during the third quarter of 2007. The assessment estimated that just over 442,000 MTs (352,000 MTs of cereal and 90,000 MTs of other food aid commodities) of emergency food assistance would be required to feed some 4.1 million people during the peak hunger season until March 2008. Matabeleland South and North, Masvingo, Manicaland and Midlands were some of the worst-affected provinces at the time of the assessment.

Food Insecurity by District

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Table III. Estimated number of people in need of assistance and projected food requirements (MT) in 2008. (Source: CFSAM_FAO-WFP_2007 p. 28). Total food Seasonal Distribution of Beneficiaries Cereal commodities Province Requirement (cereals plus July - Sept Oct - Dec Jan - March non-cereals) Midlands 130,200 473,800 562,600 52,500 65,700 Matabeleland North 264,000 396,200 528,200 48,100 60,180 Matabeleland South 261,400 392,000 522,700 47,600 59,600 Manicaland 158,700 304,000 511,900 44,400 56,000 Masvingo 118,000 359,000 511,900 38,700 48,400 Mashonaland Central 60,200 211,900 211,800 19,600 24,500 Mashonaland West 20,000 165,700 165,700 14,000 17,500 Mashonaland East - - 800 100 120 Total (rural) 1,012,500 2,302,600 3,015,600 265,000 332,000 Urband population 1,073,000 1,073,000 1,073,000 87,000 100,000 Total (rural + urban) 2,085,500 3,375,600 4,088,600 352,000 432,000

In response to the CFSAM, the WFP launched an appeal to fund a large scale food distribution programme to meet the needs of an estimated 3.3 million people vulnerable to food insecurity in both rural and urban Zimbabwe. In September 2007, WFP started an expanded vulnerable group feeding programme that is to be operational through the first quarter of 2008 and aims to meet the acute food needs of the most highly vulnerable groups in both urban and rural Zimbabwe. WFP plans to reach the planned beneficiaries during the peak hunger months through two components: short-term assistance through the vulnerable group feeding (VGF) programme in highly food-insecure districts during the critical lean season and targeted actions to beneficiaries including orphans and vulnerable children, HIV/AIDS infected people, school children in food-insecure districts, deportees and MVPs. These are implemented throughout the year and cover approximately 300,000 people.

Project planning for the period April 2008 onward is based on the most likely scenario that Zimbabwe will continue to face acute economic and policy difficulties along with food shortages resulting in deepening vulnerability. The situation will require a well targeted, flexible programme that can expand and contract based on the evolving food security situation. It assumes an adequate degree of humanitarian space to allow planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of food supported programmes and continued willingness to support emergency and protracted relief efforts. The scheduled 2008 national elections may pose particular challenges that will need to be addressed, through a continued effort to improve community targeting of vulnerable populations.

Alongside WFP’s response the consortium of United States-sponsored NGOs called ‘C-SAFE’ has planned to assist some 850,000 people through its expanded safety net programme during the period August 2007-March 2008.

Objectives In close coordination with other sectors of the CAP such as agriculture, health and nutrition, the food aid sector will aim to: • Safeguard health and nutrition and enhance quality of life for targeted, chronically ill people through nutrition support linked with relevant health actions; • Improve access to food among vulnerable households, particularly those with highly vulnerable children; and • Increase the ability of targeted, vulnerable groups to meet their food needs, enhance their resilience to manage shocks and mitigate their suffering through reduced asset depletion.

Activities • VGF: Provision of a seasonal household food ration to vulnerable households with insufficient crop production and little to no assets or other sources of income during the lean season months. This transitory food-insecure group would be encouraged to participate in food for livelihood projects where relevant. • Food support to MVPs: Continue to work with IOM and selected NGOs to provide temporary food support to mobile and vulnerable populations affected by Operation Murambatsvina/Operation Restore Order (OM/ORO) and/or the land reform process.

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• School feeding: provide a daily on-site school meal to pre- and primary-school children food- insecure districts in order to increase dietary intake while contributing towards national efforts to increase school enrolment, attendance and ability to concentrate and learn. Attention will be given to address out of school children through community participation. • HBC/ART: provision of nutritionally enhanced food ration to food-insecure, chronically ill people as part of a comprehensive package of HBC support and/or ART. • Safety net programming through support for livelihoods to address chronic poverty and needs of food-insecure high dependency households – including catering for the chronically ill family members and/or orphans in both urban and rural areas. • Food-for-livelihood programmes: where applicable food assistance will be integrated with programmes supporting livelihoods such as food for training and/or assets.

Indicators • Improved health status of chronically ill as measured by client mobility; • Percentage of households with low food consumption index37 for all household; • Coping Strategy Index (CSI)38 for all households.

Monitoring and Evaluation A results-oriented monitoring and evaluation system consists of: • Registration and distribution monitoring, through public verifications and household visits; • Output and post-distribution monitoring conducted monthly; • The community household surveillance, a bi-annual intermediary tool that captures short-term and long-term effects of food aid on households and provide early warning data.

To inform programming the food security situation will be monitored on a regular basis across sentinel sites country wide through community focus group discussions. Monitoring will include the tracking of information on maize/cereal availability and sources and reviewing of price trends for food and livestock. Participation and support of the annual ZIMVAC, as well as the Food and Nutrition Surveillance system is also planned.

Organisations WFP implementing partners include: Africare, Christian Care, CRS, CARE, Concern, GOAL, Help Age Zimbabwe, IOM, Mashambanzou Care Trust, Organisation of Rural Association for Progress (ORAP), Oxfam-GB, Plan International, SCF-UK, WVI, and Inter-Country-People's Aid (IPA). C-SAFE includes: CARE, CRS and WVI. Other agencies include: Norwegian People’s Aid (NPA), Lutheran World Federation (LWF) and Catholic Agency for Overseas Development (CAFOD).

3.4.A.3 Health Priority Needs The health infrastructure has deteriorated over the years, as documented in a MoHCW/WHO assessment from 2003. The facilities assessed at that time had less than 50% of vital equipment available. The human resource situation has worsened from the September 2004 data, which indicated that 56%, 32% and 92% of the posts of doctors, nurses and pharmacists respectively were vacant as a result of HIV/AIDS and migration. Access to drugs is increasingly problematic and according to the National Pharmaceutical Company of Zimbabwe, the country anticipates shortages in essential and vital drugs during 2008. The European Commission (EC) funding facility for essential drugs is very important, but does not cater for the country’s entire requirement. The drug availability as of September 2006 is at 40% of the national requirements.

Major concerns in the health sector include decreasing access of vulnerable groups to essential health services, including reproductive health services, a malfunctioning referral system, deteriorating information system, including weak surveillance and response system, with an increased frequency of epidemics, drug shortages and human resources gaps in strategic departments, compounded by the impact of HIV/AIDS. Diarrhoea outbreaks have increased in frequency in urban areas due to

37 Dietary diversity and food frequency are good proxy indicators of household food security. The Food Consumption Score (FCS) is a score calculated using weights assigned to foods based upon their nutritional value. Households can be classified as having 'poor', 'borderline' or 'good' consumption based on the food consumption score. 38 The CSI measures the frequency and severity of actions taken by households in response to the presence or threat of food shortage. With the CSI, a lower score implies reduced stress on the household and thus, relatively better food security.

ZIMBABWE decreased capacity to treat and distribute potable water. This is largely due to lack of foreign currency to purchase water treatment chemicals and equipment to maintain and upgrade water treatment plants, as well as lack of electric power to pump water. The situation has also been worsened by escalating user fees and other costs patients have to incur to access health services.

According to the 2005/2006 DHS report, improvements have been achieved in some areas, while not in others. Preliminary results include a maternal mortality around 555/100,000 live births, under five mortality of 82/100,000. The proportion of children who received all of the recommended vaccinations (including DPT4 and polio4) dropped from 67% in 1999 to 53% in 2005/2006; and the proportion of those who had not received any vaccination increased from 12% in 1999 to 21% in 2005/2006. Since 2002 WHO and UNICEF with support from partners have been providing support to run the 'expanded programme on immunisation (EPI). Support has included the following areas: procuring vaccines, cold chain equipment, liquefied petroleum (LP) gas, injection safety materials, training and support to Child Health Days. The challenge remains to improve coverage and ensure no further deterioration occur which will require extra external support.

Zimbabwe has an estimated 3,200 HIV/AIDS related deaths per week and a total of 160,000 new infections in 200539. Among the estimated 1.6 million people living with HIV/AIDS in the country40, an estimated 340,000 require anti-retroviral treatment. Currently, only 80,000 patients are receiving such treatment. In general, areas along the main transport corridors such as Harare-Beitbridge tend to have higher HIV prevalence than more remote areas, and migrants remain particularly at risk of HIV infection.

Approximately 50% of HIV infections in Zimbabwe occur during adolescence and young adulthood. Girls and young women remain especially vulnerable to HIV infection with higher prevalence rate amongst women than men (21% versus 14%). A total of 16% of young women attending antenatal clinic have been found to be HIV positive according to the 2006 antenatal surveillance, indicating the need to focus on HIV prevention in young women. Meanwhile, gender based violence particularly in the context of high HIV prevalence remains a serious challenge. At least 25% of women aged 15-49 years have experienced sexual violence, with a range between 25% and as high as 55%, according to region, marital status and education (2005/2006 ZDHS). The combination of high HIV prevalence and frequent occurrences of sexual violence causes serious protection concerns, which are discussed further in the protection sector of the CAP.

Table IV. HIV Prevalence by Age (Source: Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey 2005- 2006). Percentage of HIV positive among women age 15-49 and men age 15-54 Who were tested by age, Zimbabwe 2005-2006 % HIV % HIV % HIV Age Positive Number Positive Number Positive Number 15-19 6.2 1,682 3.1 1,692 4.6 3,374 20-24 16.3 1,518 5.8 1,247 11.6 2,765 25-29 28.8 1,150 13.1 907 21.9 2,057 30-34 35.4 955 29.5 716 32.9 1,671 35-39 34.5 656 32.1 546 33.4 1,202 40-44 25.7 529 32.9 404 28.9 933 45-49 18.0 458 26.0 335 21.4 793 50-54 N/A N/A 20.0 253 20.0 253 Total Age 15-49 21.1 6,948 14.5 6,100 18.1 13,048 Total Men’s Age N/A N/A 14.8 6,100 18.1 13,049 N/A = Not applicable

39 ZDHS 2005/2006 40 MoHCW, National HIV/AIDS Estimates, 2005.

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Malaria is a major public health challenge in Zimbabwe, with over five million people, particularly children, at risk of contracting the disease annually. It is estimated that 50% of the country’s population resides in malaria prone areas. In highly endemic districts, the disease is responsible for between 30-50% of fever cases, 30% of all out-patient consultations and 10-15% of hospital admissions. The cumulative figure for malaria since the beginning of 2007 up to week ending on 2 September was 238,345 cases and 123 deaths (CFR 0.05%).41

Objectives 1. To improve access to basic health services for the increasing number of vulnerable populations. 2. To strengthen health systems capacity to deliver essential public health functions like immunisation. 3. To increase the capacity of MoH, to coordinate and respond to health needs in emergencies including response to disease outbreaks. 4. To maintain on treatment PLWHA who are accessing ART, and provide HIV/AIDS prevention and care, opportunistic infections (OI) services to the most vulnerable populations

Activities • Support disease and nutritional surveillance and health information system to detect acute disease outbreaks, malnutrition and other emergency related health issues. • Respond to acute disease outbreaks (e.g. diarrhoea-cholera and malaria). • Supporting procurement and distribution of essential drugs, medical supplies and diagnostics to enable vulnerable populations’ access to minimum basic health care. • Provide emergency sexual and reproductive health services to vulnerable women and girls as well as young migrants/returnees. • Maintain PLWHA on ARV treatment. • Provide HIV prevention, with emphasis on reducing the vulnerability of women and girls to HIV infection, (including PMTCT), counselling and testing, treatment and care to the most vulnerable populations, including mobile and vulnerable populations. • Increase awareness among communities on the significance of their role in response to health emergencies, including HIV/AIDS, and develop their capacity to respond appropriately. • Provide comprehensive health care services to survivors of SGBV.

Indicators (numbers correspond with objectives listed above) 1.A EPI (DPT 3 and Measles) coverage among targeted populations. 1.B % births with skilled attendants among targeted populations. 2. Proportion of health institutions not experiencing stock-outs of selected vital and essential drugs. 3.A Mortality rates/CFR for priority diseases (cholera, malaria, diarrhoeal diseases). 3.B Number of disease outbreaks detected with laboratory confirmation. 4. Percentage of the most vulnerable populations that has access to HIV prevention, treatment and care services.

Monitoring and Evaluation The monthly Inter-Agency Coordination Committee on Health meetings between Government, United Nations agencies and NGOs, which are held to share information and report progress on activities, will serve as the key monitoring and evaluation mechanism of this response plan.

Organisations Participating organisations include: WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, IOM, Médecins du Monde (MDM), IPA, SCF-UK, HELP from Germany, OXFAM GB, Farm Orphan Support Trust (FOST), Plan International, Christian Care Zimbabwe (CCZ), Christian Aids Initiatives Network Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Association of Church-related Hospitals (ZACH), National Microbiology Reference Laboratory (NMRL) and WVI.

41 MoHCW, Weekly Report.

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3.4.A.4 Nutrition Priority Needs Levels of child acute malnutrition (wasting) in Zimbabwe have increased in 2007. Since 2003, no district had surpassed international or national emergency cut-off points (10% and 7% wasting respectively). However, the ZimVAC Food Security and Nutrition Assessment of 2007 found emergency levels of acute malnutrition in Mangwe (12.1% - deteriorated from 6% in November 2006), Kariba Urban (11.4%), Kadoma Urban (8.43%) and Kadoma Rural (8.00%), underlining the severity of the deterioration in child nutrition.

Chronic malnutrition (stunting) remains high, with eight districts (Zaka [34.8%], Chipinge [32.1%], Chivi [32.0%], Epworth [31.5%], Gokwe South [30.9%], Umzingwane [30.8%], Hatcliffe [30.7%], and Mutare Rural [30.0%]) going beyond the recognised WHO emergency threshold of 30%.

The proportion of children that are underweight, which is a measure of both acute and chronic child malnutrition, has remained relatively static at 17% since 1994. This is an indicator for the first MDG which purpose is to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger. Given the deteriorating situation, this goal is unlikely to be reached by 2015 without increased support.

Three main underlying causes are leading to malnutrition: inadequate care (e.g. poor breastfeeding/weaning practices), insufficient health (services and environment) and food insecurity. All three of these underlying factors must be sufficient for appropriate nutritional status. According to the 2005/2006 DHS, the exclusive breastfeeding rate for children under six months is only 22%, with the median length of less than one month. This means that Zimbabwe has the third lowest prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in Southern Africa. Weaning practices (such as early introduction of complementary foods, their safety and nutrition adequacy) are also a cause for concern, as evidenced by consistently high malnutrition rates among 12-23 month old children.

Of particular concern is that children are given plain water (15.5%), water based liquids and juice (1.4%), other milks (29.7%) and complementary food (29%) before the age of six months, starting as early as less than two months. Unsafe water and inappropriate and/or contaminated food expose them to diarrhoea and infections.

Access to adequate health services is negatively affected by drug shortages, inability to afford fees, deteriorating infrastructure and high turnover and absence of staff. The water and sanitation situation continues to be exacerbated by drought, consistent water cuts, deteriorating infrastructure and lack of chemicals for water treatment. This has led to recent severe diarrhoeal outbreaks affecting whole communities and resulting in childhood deaths. Lastly, drought and decreased food availability and access have worsened household food security this season.

The importance of adequate access to proper nutrition and nutrition counselling in efforts to mitigate the impact of HIV/AIDS has been well documented. In Zimbabwe, which has an HIV prevalence rate for adults of 18% (2005/2006 DHS), linkages between HIV/AIDS and nutrition programming and actions need even greater emphasis.

Given the reality of multiple underlying causes of malnutrition, the response must be multi-sectoral. Actions should aim to be preventive and community-based. Full community participation is essential to enhance sustainability and appropriate targeting of actions to the most vulnerable groups (including children under-five, PLWHA, orphans and vulnerable children, elderly, and malnourished in institutions) in the areas with highest rates of malnutrition.

The current state of deterioration in acute malnutrition, combined with persistent high chronic malnutrition, requires continuous monitoring of the nutrition situation and strengthening of emergency preparedness and response.

Objectives The ongoing goal of the nutrition sector for 2008 is to prevent and control the deterioration of the nutritional situation, particularly in those populations who are most vulnerable to malnutrition, hence reducing morbidity and mortality associated with malnutrition.

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In close coordination with other sectors of the CAP such as agriculture and food, the nutrition sector will aim to: 1. Coordinate the nutrition response to reach the most vulnerable nation-wide; 2. Strengthen the capacities of households, communities and health institutions to prevent malnutrition and to provide good quality care for malnourished children and other vulnerable groups; 3. Strengthen emergency preparedness and response; 4. Strengthen nutrition components in HIV/AIDS related activities and services; and 5. Enhance monitoring, evaluation and advocacy of the nutrition situation.

Activities • Coordination of nutrition responses; • In coordination with the food aid sector, child supplementary feeding programme in areas with acute malnutrition; • Advocacy to achieve good timing and targeting of actions; • Support community- and health facility-based treatment of severe acute malnutrition; • Support prevention and management of malnutrition linked to HIV/AIDS and child survival programmes; • Increase household knowledge, awareness and practices on aspects of good nutrition; • Support community and household social safety nets; • Support the training of communities and health workers on infant and child feeding in emergencies in the context of HIV/AIDS; • Strengthen nutrition aspects of food security and livelihoods; • Support and strengthen the nutrition surveillance system; • Provide nutrition support to institutions (specialised hospitals, schools, orphanages, elderly homes, etc) and among most vulnerable populations.

Indicators • Prevalence of malnutrition (weight for height, weight for age and height for age) (desired outcome: prevalence reduced); • Number of beneficiaries involved in nutrition care programmes (both community-based and institution based) (reduced); • Recovery rates in therapeutic feeding programmes (improved); • Exclusive breastfeeding rates for under six month old (increased); • Number of beneficiaries of nutrition and HIV related services (increased).

Monitoring and Evaluation The Nutrition Technical Consultative Group (NTCG), chaired by UNICEF, with United Nations, NGO and donor representation, will be responsible for nutrition sector coordination and monitoring with the goal of ensuring a coherent and comprehensive national nutrition response. This will be accomplished using two main methods: • Monthly meetings with stakeholders to advocate and share information; • Updating the nutrition information through the Mapping exercise of nutrition activities to facilitate identification of gaps and duplication in programming. The findings of this exercise will be disseminated and discussed through the NTCG monthly forum for more effective coordinated nutrition actions among all partners. The NTCG will develop and use a continuous monitoring framework based on an agreed set of indicators in line with the Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response (SPHERE) standards and other internationally recognised standards to monitor the nutrition situation, linking this to appropriate and relevant actions. Gathering of monitoring data will be facilitated through nutrition assessments and the mapping exercise.

Organisations The nutrition sector response plan will be implemented through support of the MoHCW, the Food and Nutrition Council (FNC), UNICEF and implementing partners. The implementing partner activities will be coordinated through the Nutrition Technical Consultative Group, which is chaired by UNICEF, and brings together United Nations agencies, donors and local and international NGOs working in nutrition and in HIV/AIDS.

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3.4.A.5 Water and Sanitation

Priority needs Zimbabwe has experienced a decline in access to safe water supply and basic sanitation due to several factors, including the general economic decline, eroded institutional and community capacity, and persistent droughts. Results from the 2005/2006 DHS indicate that there has been a decline in the proportion of people in rural areas with access to safe drinking water from 70% in 1999 to 67% in 2006. The survey also revealed that only 30.5% of rural households use safe sanitary facilities in 2006 as opposed to 60% in 1999. The situation is expected to have further deteriorated.

During 2006/2007, the country received below average rainfall, which has adversely affected the availability of both surface and underground water in most parts of the country, particularly the southern and western regions (Matabeleland North and South, Masvingo and parts of the Midlands provinces). This has put pressure on domestic water supply facilities as livestock have to share the limited water facilities with people. The water situation is going to be critical during the 2008 dry season, if the 2007/2008 rainfall pattern is once more below normal. In one of the most critical areas facing humanitarian actors, Bulawayo city water supply reservoirs have continued to receive insignificant inflow into its supply dams, which went as low as 24% by September 2007. By end of October 2007, the reservoirs could only supply 30% of the city water demand. The situation has resulted in constant water cuts and rationing, the most affected segment of the population being the high density residential areas, where the most vulnerable reside.

In all urban areas the situation continues to deteriorate. Water and sewage systems in most urban areas have broken down due to age, excessive load, pump breakdowns, and poor operation and maintenance. The breakdowns and the lack of capacity to rectify them have resulted in large volumes of raw sewage being discharged into natural water courses, which ultimately feed into major urban water supply sources. This heavy contamination increases the demand for water treatment chemicals, which are not often available due to lack of foreign currency. The situation is compounded by power outages, which affect pumping of clear and waste water. This has necessitated the introduction of water rationing, thereby drastically reducing the per capita water use. High-lying, low-income areas in Bulawayo are particularly affected by water-shortages. In some areas, people have resorted to alternative, unsafe water sources, resulting in outbreaks of water, sanitation and hygiene-related diseases such as diarrhoea.

By September 2007, the country had reported 63 cases of cholera and 3 deaths (CFR-5%) in Harare City and 5 rural districts, compared to 1,012 cases and 12 deaths (CFR–1%) in 2006. In addition, there were 3 diarrhoea outbreaks in the cities of Kadoma and Kwekwe, and in Gokwe North and South rural districts during which a total of 5,047 cases and 67 deaths were reported.42 The major factors associated with the outbreaks were poor water supply, sanitation and hygiene. This situation is likely to become worse unless urgent appropriate action is taken.

Priorities for 2008 will include: • Targeting new potable water sources and rehabilitating and repairing water facilities; • Provision of emergency sanitation facilities, in order to serve a vulnerable population of 7,000,000 and 15,000 respectively, in both rural and urban areas.

Such targeting will include mobile and vulnerable populations, OVC, health institutions and schools. Priorities will also include the promotion of sustainable community management of water and sanitation facilities and the exploration of possibilities of a rapid assessment and, finally, the development of a sector Emergency Contingency Plan. The promotion of health and hygiene education will target HIV/AIDS infected and affected populations.

Objectives 1. Support and respond in a timely and coordinated manner to water, sanitation and hygiene- related humanitarian emergencies. 2. Maintain and enhance water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities for vulnerable populations prioritising those infected and affected by HIV/AIDS. 3. Improve water and environmental sanitation (WES) sector information management and sharing.

42 Kadoma Municipality Reports and MoHCW Weekly Epidemiological Reports.

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Activities • Timely response to water, sanitation and hygiene related disease outbreaks; • Production and distribution of information, education and communication (IEC) materials; • Provision of material, technical and financial support to affected populations; • Support of procurement of water treatment chemicals for urban areas; • Rapid needs assessments carried out within 72 hours of notification of a humanitarian situation; • Provision of WASH enabling facilities to populations affected and/or struck by disasters; • Construction of hygiene enabling facilities; • Implementation of hygiene education including messages on HIV/AIDS targeting 7,000,000 vulnerable populations; • Rehabilitation and repair of water points in wards with 30% or more non-functional water facilities; • Provision of water and sanitation services to mobile and vulnerable populations; • Collection, collation and analysis of water, sanitation and hygiene related information including disease outbreaks; • Regular update of the Response Analysis Atlas (3W); • Carrying out of inventory for urban and rural water, sanitation and hygiene facilities; • Coordination of humanitarian planning and response.

Indicators WES sector programme monitoring will be based on the following performance indicators: 1.A Number of water, sanitation and hygiene related outbreaks and other emergencies responded to within 72 hours of notification. 1.B Proportion of detected water, sanitation and hygiene-related outbreaks and other emergencies managed. 2. Number of WASH facilities installed or repaired. 3. Availability of updated data/information on WASH for urban and rural areas. 3. Availability of information/data for emergencies within 72 hours of detection.

Monitoring and Evaluation Coordination takes place through the WES working group, which brings together United Nations agencies, Government, INGOs, LNGOs and donors. The group is a forum for planning, monitoring and evaluation of WES actions as well as sharing information and lessons learnt by different organisations in the implementation of water and sanitation actions. In addition, it is a platform for reviewing and testing WES technologies.

UNICEF in collaboration with the Government of Zimbabwe and OCHA is responsible for the coordination, planning and implementation of water and sanitation-related humanitarian initiatives in the country.

Organisations UNICEF (lead), ACF, Dabane Trust, Africare, Christian Care, Gokwe Rural District Council, CRS, Institute of Water and Sanitation Development, ORAP, Community Technology Development Centre (CTDT), Linkage Trust, Pump Aid, Mercy Corps, ZimAHEAD, WVI, Mvuramanzi Trust, Practical Action, United Nations Centre for Human Settlements (UN-HABITAT) and Oxfam-GB.

3.4.A.6 Shelter and Non-Food Items (NFIs) At the 2008 CAP Workshop, participants working on shelter issues agreed that there would not be a need for a separate shelter sector in the 2008 CAP, as the remaining emergency shelter needs could be covered as part of the programmes for mobile and vulnerable populations. At the same time, the more medium to long-term transitional shelter needs would be covered in the livelihoods sector.

3.4.A.7 Education

Priority Needs The education system in Zimbabwe has been negatively affected by a combination of natural disasters, population movements in farming and peri-urban areas, deteriorating infrastructure, low public expenditure and high attrition of human resources. School children are vulnerable to natural hazards associated with the rainy season such as flooded rivers, as well as by windy storms that blow

ZIMBABWE off roofs of classrooms.43 Tsholotsho, Muzarabani (Zambezi Valley) and Chipinge, Chiredzi (along the Sabi and Limpopo rivers) experience flooding of different magnitudes every rainy season. The dry season in Zimbabwe has lately been characterised by uncontrolled fires. Children are generally most vulnerable to these hazards.

Even in years of low rainfall, Zimbabwe often experiences flash floods and strong winds which inflict damage to schools and teaching and learning materials. In many cases, whole blocks of classrooms are destroyed and in very severe cases the affected communities have to be moved to higher ground after flooding. Children affected in this manner need immediate response to keep them in school.

Population movements, mostly in farming and urban areas, are making girls more vulnerable to loss of education opportunities. Movement from urban to rural areas is evident because of the downward economic trends influenced by unavailability of basic commodities particularly in towns. Most children are being moved to rural areas where the cost of schooling is more affordable. This movement further strains the already overburdened rural schools that are stretching their material resources to meet the needs of all children particularly OVC.

Many schools experience shortages of essential supplies, especially text books, and the education system is characterised by reduced accessibility by the poor, low motivation of staff and weakened planning and management capacities. Increased school fees and the general cost of living will have a negative impact on school attendance, as many parents are forced to reprioritise expenditures. All these factors continue to constrain the realisation of the rights of Zimbabwean children to basic education. In this deteriorating economic environment, access to education is increasingly becoming difficult for all children, particularly for OVC. It is estimated that there are 1.6 million OVC in the country, mostly because of the HIV/AIDS pandemic.

Although there is evidence of school completion rates at primary school level with near gender parity, there is also evidence that when it comes to completion of secondary school and tertiary education, there is a significant decrease in the numbers of females completing school (MDG report) and the factors are discussed in the comments above on education for CAP 2007. It is important that in addressing vulnerability factors in the humanitarian response for the education sector, we also address this gender issue. Failure to do so will have a spiralling impact on HIV prevention efforts, lack of consideration for gender issues in poverty efforts and reduced access to basic social services.

Around 628 satellite schools which were established to accommodate children from mobile and vulnerable communities are continuing to experience challenges in infrastructure and teaching and learning materials. The textbook-pupil ratio continues to deteriorate. There are more than two million children of primary school going age (6-12 years) experiencing a high textbook to pupil ratio of 1:8. Over 1.5 million (13-18 year old) pupils are attending secondary school level with a textbook ratio of 1:9. This deterioration impacts negatively on children’s performance rates.

The humanitarian activities in the education sector in 2008 seek to mitigate the effects of natural and man-made disasters on school children; improve access to education; and mitigate further erosion of the education system with an emphasis on the education needs of 200,000 children, particularly orphans and other vulnerable children in both urban and rural areas. Activities in this sector of the CAP will be carried out in close coordination with complementary mechanisms such as the Programme of Support for OVC and the basic education assistance module (BEAM), as well as WFP’s School Feeding Programme.

Objectives 1. Build capacity of children and school authorities in emergency preparedness and disaster risk reduction. 2. Minimise impact of natural and man-made disasters on school children and infrastructure. 3. Increase access to quality early learning and special needs education for children with disabilities in satellite schools. 4. Increase the number of OVC, especially girls, in early childhood development (ECD) centres with psychosocial support, supported through guided play and protection from abuse through appropriately trained ECD teachers.

43 During the 2006/2007 rainy season violent windy storms blew off roofs of classrooms at over 15 schools in Zaka, Tsholotsho and Mt. Darwin districts directly affecting 2,500 pupils (Source: Inter-agency assessments, January 2007).

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5. Ensure equity and access to education for both girls and boys in emergency situations.

Activities • Print and disseminate the disaster risk management resource book to schools and other educational institutions; • Conduct rapid assessments and set up temporary learning centres following disasters; • Re-open and strengthen satellite schools; set up temporary learning spaces with minimal infrastructure (including ECD); • Train ECD paraprofessionals in psychosocial support, reopen schools and start the reintegration of teachers and children by providing teaching and learning materials and organising recreational activities; • Replace learning and teaching materials and play equipment for ECD activities destroyed by natural disasters.

Indicators 1. Number of copies of Disaster Risk Management resource book distributed. 2. Number of temporary learning spaces with minimal infrastructure (including ECD) provided. 3.A Percentage increase in the number of children with disabilities with access to special needs education in satellite schools. 3.B Number of satellite schools reopened. 4. Number of ECD paraprofessionals trained in psychosocial support. 5.A Number of textbooks and amount of teaching and learning materials provided. 5.B Number of teaching and learning materials replaced.

Monitoring and Evaluation The projects will be monitored as an integral part of the Programme of Cooperation between UNICEF and the Ministry of Education, Sport and Culture. Monitoring data will be collected through routine field monitoring visits to project sights, mid- and annual reviews. The baseline data will be collected through the expanded Life skills baseline survey, currently being planned in preparation for the launch of the new 2007-2011 Country Programme. Failure to support the education system will result in the retrogression of the system, and loss of gains made to date.

Organisations UNICEF (lead), SCF-Norway, the J.F. Kapnek Trust, UNICEF, Forum for African Women Educators in Zimbabwe (FAWEZI), The Consumer Council of Zimbabwe (CCZ), Women’s University, IOM, Integrated Sustainable Livelihood (ISL), HelpAge Zimbabwe (HAZ), ZCDT, Lead Trust, St. Gerard’s Catholic Church and Evangelical Fellowship of Zimbabwe (EFZ).

3.4.B MULTI-SECTOR PROGRAMMES

3.4.B.1 Cross-border Mobility and Irregular Migration Priority Needs The social and economic decline over the past few years continues to fuel the migration of Zimbabweans in search of opportunities in neighbouring countries. As a result of the limited availability of passports and difficulties obtaining visas, many Zimbabweans travel abroad without proper travel documentation and are often exploited in their destination country. Since January 2007, there has been an increase in the number of migrants being returned to Zimbabwe from South Africa, now averaging 16,500 persons per month. Up from just above 12,000 per month in the second half of 2006. Botswana has also seen a growing number of Zimbabweans travelling to the country. Almost 4,000 Zimbabwean nationals deported through Plumtree and neighbouring border points monthly.

In mid-2006 a RSC was established at the Beitbridge border, providing humanitarian assistance to deported migrants in the form of food, protection, transportation, basic health, and temporary accommodation for vulnerable cases. From January to September 2007, over 147,000 migrants were returned to Zimbabwe with 96,145 migrants registering for assistance (65% of migrants). HIV/AIDS, GBV and safe migration are mainstreamed into the programme. To accommodate the 2,891 unaccompanied children deported from South Africa in 2007, the RSC also offers child services in the form of accommodation, protection, counselling and family reunification. Voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) services are provided on a regular basis, and improved protection and counselling for survivors of sexual and gender-based violence will be a feature of the RSC in 2008. With recent

ZIMBABWE donor funding and Government support, a RSC will be established in Plumtree as well, offering the same or similar services.

While the Beitbridge RSC has already created a forum for strengthening dialogue between the Governments of South Africa and Zimbabwe on issues related to the humane treatment of migrants, efforts will be explored to strengthen this collaboration and focus on the broader issues of how to address migration between the two countries. Data collected at the centre will be used to inform such dialogue. At an operational level, training will continue to be provided to border officials, police, and social service providers on trafficking, smuggling, and the vulnerabilities of irregular migrants and their rights, in order for migration to be addressed more humanely. A workshop co-hosted with the South African Department of Social Development for uniformed South African officers was held in April 2007 as the first in a series of efforts that will increase awareness of migrants’ rights.

Priorities for 2008 will focus on establishing an e-registration system to identify the migration pattern and frequency of migrants passing through the Centre to better plan immediate service delivery and, in the longer-term, develop reintegration actions to target populations within Zimbabwe. 2008 will also see the inception of the practical implementation of the bilateral labour migration agreement (farm labour in the Limpopo province), which exists between Zimbabwe and South Africa, through the establishment of a labour placement service with the aim to reduce irregular migration among populations in economic distress and improve the economic well being of potential migrants.

Objectives 1. Humanitarian needs of deported Zimbabwean migrants (including unaccompanied minors) in Beitbridge addressed. 2. Returned migrants have the ability to make informed choices on migration. 3. HIV knowledge among potential migrants and returnees increase, and sustained behaviour change evident. 4. Increased involvement of stakeholders in promoting rights and protecting migrants. 5. Provision of PEP and basic psycho-social support to survivors of sexual and gender based violence.

Activities • Food, health screening and transportation offered to migrants provided through the established RSC; • Appropriate assistance provided to unaccompanied children, including counselling and family reunification; • Accurate gender and age disaggregated data collected to aid policy formulation and raise issues related to deported migrants; • Public information strategy implemented on migration, including irregular, the legal options for migration, and on HIV/AIDS prevention, awareness raising and counselling services; • Training for relevant officials in the border areas provided to sensitise them on protection issues related to the humane treatment of irregular migrants, trafficking, smuggling, and the vulnerabilities of irregular migrants and their rights; • Protection assistance provided to migrants reporting rape, assault, SGBV, as well as to victims of trafficking; • Facilitation of legal labour migration for Zimbabwean farm labourers in South Africa, and improved social protection of migrant workers.

Indicators (Numbers correspond with objectives listed above. All indicators to be sex and age disaggregated, where possible)

1.A Number of deported migrants (including unaccompanied minors) registered compared to the number of deportees per month (breakdown by sex). 1.B Breakdown of types of assistance compared to the total number of deportees registered (health, food, transport). 2.A Percentage of target population with comprehensive and correct knowledge of legal/regular migration. 2.B Percentage of deportees without passports saying they will try to return to South Africa in the next three months (desired outcome: decrease). 3.A Percentage of target population with comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS.

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4.B Reduction in the number of unaccompanied minors deported along with adults from South Africa. 4.C Number of incidents reported and actions (stratify by sex/age and type of abuse) to IOM.

Monitoring and Evaluation A monitoring and evaluation framework has been established consisting of monthly reports with indicators; a regular migration survey, which is undertaken every three months at the Centre; and a database capturing all information stated in the framework. The framework measures the humanitarian assistance provided at the Centre, as well as the long-term outcomes contributing to the reduction of irregular migration.

IOM (lead), WFP, SCF-Norway, District AIDS Action Committee (DAAC), United Nations Country Team (UNCT), UNICEF, UNFPA, Development Aid from People to People (DAPP), and local immigration authorities in Beitbridge and Musina.

3.4.B.2 Mobile and Vulnerable Populations Priority Needs Sporadic involuntary internal migration have continued in 2007 adding to the ongoing plight of MVPs in Zimbabwe, among them those affected by the Government of Zimbabwe’s OM/ORO in 2005 and the Fast Track Land Reform Programme, which began in 2000. While no nationwide data exists as to the total scale of MVPs in Zimbabwe, preliminary readings of the ZimVAC 2007 findings show that 17% of the sampled population had migrated from their original places of residence since 2000. Among those who had migrated, almost half (48%) had been asked to leave their previous area of residence. This suggests that the scale of involuntary movements is of serious concern (approximately 8% of the sampled population). One trigger that could potentially also lead to an increase in population movements in 2008 is the redrawing of constituency boundaries.

In November 2006, a community-based assessment was conducted on 48% of the assisted MVP communities, in coordination with local leadership and district authorities. The purpose of the assessment was to determine the extent of vulnerability within these communities. Despite the assistance these groups receive, the situation remains challenging. Less than one third of the communities’ households owned enough bedding, cooking utensils, jerry cans or other non-food items. Those who had moved more than once were worse off than those who had only been moved once. Moreover, community participatory exercises to determine food needs found that 94% of households were in need of food assistance within all communities.

Of major concern among these populations is the failure to reintegrate. While large numbers of MVPs have received food aid and NFIs, they continue to rely on emergency assistance in the absence of substantial reintegration support. Given that some of the MVPs have been receiving food since 2003, this is a cause of concern, especially as it could generate increased dependency on food aid. Steps therefore need to be taken to support community initiatives aimed at reducing their vulnerability to future risks, thus supporting the development of a more self-sufficient and sustainable community.

Another challenge in this regard is the finding that 51% of MVPs expressed being insecure and linked this to lack of security of tenure and fear of re-eviction. This situation was particularly prevalent in urban areas and where people have moved multiple times. It is important to note that this insecurity of tenure and fear of re-eviction breeds fertile ground for sexual exploitation and abuse of women as they try to secure more permanent living status. In view of this, reintegration efforts would require scaling up efforts to stabilise communities, including continuing building on the cooperation with local authorities, especially to establish affordable tenure solutions in urban areas. Noting that permanent houses are required to obtain security of tenure, this will continue to pose a challenge. Meanwhile, there remain communities where households continue to live out in the open or in makeshift shelters, creating an environment conducive to sexual assaults on women and child abuse, with non-exhaustive assessments from select sites across the country having identified in excess of 10,000 households still in need of shelter. This is generally the case in areas where people have moved more than once or where land tenure is an issue. Although some shelter assistance has been provided in close cooperation with local authorities, it is still limited in scope.

The health of these populations continues to be a major concern. In both urban and rural MVP settings, access to health professionals and workers is low. Although the rural communities enjoy greater access to community health workers, urban communities have primary access to health professionals. In both areas, the availability of drugs is intermittent. In the community reassessments,

ZIMBABWE water and sanitation emerged as an area of particular need. About half of the MVP communities assessed had limited access to safe water and sanitation. Wells that are being used for drinking water are not always covered, making communities susceptible to water-borne diseases. In addition, most communities do not have access to proper sanitation and are forced to use the bush, which is a health and safety concern.

The risk of exposure to HIV/AIDS is very high among MVPs, with adult prevalence estimated to be 35% in 2003 and adult knowledge levels on HIV/AIDS as low as 11% according to an IOM survey. HIV/AIDS vulnerability has increased in this population because of poverty, food insecurity and social instability. While MVP communities do have access to HIV/AIDS support, their access to home-based care, VCT, ARVs and orphan support programmes is limited, along with access to basic health services.

MVP communities are struggling to ensure that children in their communities have access to schooling. While the majority of the assessed communities noted that there are schools in their proximity, only 31% of the communities reported that the majority of boys and girls are able to secure an education. The primary challenge to school attendance is school fees (80%), followed by lack of uniforms (59%). In addition, 25% of the communities noted that children are now found to be participating in the family economy by generating income of some sort, including sex work for young girls. However, literacy levels amongst children are quite high (in two thirds of the communities most children are literate). This figure is less encouraging for adults, as less than a fifth of MVP communities reported that most adults could read and write. Furthermore, access to adult education is low in all MVP communities.

Objectives To address the humanitarian needs of MVPs in Zimbabwe: 1. MVP communities are food secure through access to sufficient amount of food and/or livelihood actions; 2. MVP communities are protected from environmental hazards and have the necessary assets for sustaining lives; 3. Health and environmental conditions in MVP communities (and host communities where applicable) have improved; 4. MVP communities have decreased HIV/AIDS and SGBV risks and vulnerabilities; and 5. Capacity of NGOs to respond and coordinate community responses to MVP’s needs in emergency settings has been strengthened.

Activities • Provide emergency food to MVP households considered food-insecure and distribute NFIs during acute phase of displacement. • Support livelihood reintegration activities and training. • Provide shelter and negotiate access to land for MVP households. • Provide access to safe water and sanitation, as well as training on hygiene promotion. • Establish emergency health assistance and basic health services to MVP communities. • Facilitate HIV/AIDS and SGBV prevention and management as well as community and environmental health for mobile and vulnerable households. • Provide protection training to implementing partners to ensure that protection cases are reported and action is taken in MVP communities. • Build the capacity of local implementing partners to operate in emergency settings.

Indicators (Numbers correspond with objectives listed above) 1. Reduction of negative coping strategies used by MVP households as a response to food insecurity. 2. Number of MVP households who have received shelter and NFIs assistance. 3. Number of MVP households with access to health assistance, and provided with water and sanitation assistance. 4. Increase in HIV/AIDS knowledge among MVPs and increase in reporting of GBV cases. 5. Number of implementing partners meeting standards as they relate to programme implementation, reporting, coordination and capacity building.

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Monitoring and Evaluation A monitoring and evaluation framework has been established to track and measure all indicators. Tools have been designed to assess new caseloads, including registration forms and post-distribution household surveys. In addition, a monitoring tool to track the capacity building needs and the performance of implementing partners will be put in place. Community participation is ensured before any assistance takes place. In addition, all partners working on the programme will be using the common reporting framework to monitor progress of both outcome and output indicators.

Organisations IOM (lead agency), UNFPA, UNICEF, Zimbabwe Community Development Trust (ZCDT), ISL, LEAD Trust, HAZ, St. Gerard’s Catholic Church, EFZ, Musasa Project, Counselling Services Unit, Patsime Edutainment Trust, Christian Relief and Development Community (CRDT), Practical Action and Swiss Care International.

3.4.B.3 The NGO Joint Initiative (JI) for Urban Zimbabwe Priority Needs Urban vulnerable households have been exposed to recurring shocks and stresses in recent years, leaving many with no or limited income generating opportunities. In the first instance, a rapidly devaluing currency coupled with triple-digit inflation has put many basic goods out of the reach of poorer households. Incomes have not kept up with inflation, and savings and pensions have been rendered worthless. As the economy has continued to deteriorate businesses have closed down, or downsized severely reducing the proportion of the population with access to formal employment.

Furthermore successive years of drought and floods have negatively impacted the national food production, whilst the commercial farming sector’s ability to meet the food security needs of the nation has weakened. The combination of rampant inflation, high unemployment and high prices of basic foods on the black market, have led many urban households to reduce the number of meals eaten per day, and to limit the range of foods consumed. In this context, the JI is working in Harare, Chitungwiza, Bulawayo, Mutare, Gweru and Masvingo targeting 29,000 households from December 2007-November 2010 in order to combat urban poverty.

Concerning sustainability, the Joint Initiative is promoting relief to development initiatives designed to provide sustainable mechanisms for improving the lives of the urban poor. For example, households receiving food via a food voucher programme are also being supported to develop low input gardens to supplement household food supplies. The JI is also implementing livelihoods programming in all urban areas where it is working, in order to strengthen the resilience of vulnerable households. Activities include creation of savings and loan groups, construction of market stalls for urban vendors, and promotion of self help groups engaged in income generating projects.

Objectives The overarching goal of the JI for Urban Zimbabwe is to restore dignity and reduce suffering for the most vulnerable in urban and peri-urban areas of Zimbabwe. This goal will be achieved through three sub-goals to combat urban vulnerability in fourteen communities: 1. Strengthened mechanisms for communities to collaboratively and transparently manage resources to address priority needs; 2. Increased access to vulnerable populations in terms of priority needs and services; 3. Identifying and addressing the protection needs of vulnerable children and their families.

Activities • Institute a multi-sectoral approach that includes livelihoods support, food security, social and child protection, shelter, and access to education; • Bring together the expertise and experience of seven international NGOs and their local partners; • Support the most vulnerable households with actions that utilise and enhance local capacities and resources; • Develop a project specific logical framework and implementation plan that directly supports the above goal and sub-goals.

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Indicators (Numbers correspond with objectives listed above) 1. Number of community groups created and/or strengthened to manage programme activities. 2.1 Percentage of vulnerable households that have improved economic capacity and access to basic needs and services. 2.2 Percentage of vulnerable households with reduced food insecurity. 2.3 Percentage of HIV/AIDS affected households where suffering has been reduced and resilience improved. 2.4 Number of OVC accessing essential education services in primary and secondary schools or alternative education venues. 2.5 Number of urban locations with an improved environment for low-cost shelter construction. 3. Number of JI partners and local partners demonstrating increased capacity to integrate child protection in their programming design, implementation, monitoring and reporting.

Monitoring and Evaluation The JI presents a unique opportunity to improve understanding of a variety of approaches by employing common indicators and measurement strategies for actions that share common objectives but differ in their implementation strategies. Mercy Corps’ JI Management Team will continue to coordinate monitoring and evaluation planning, data collection management, analysis and interpretation. Wherever possible indicators from national monitoring and evaluation plans will be incorporated into implementing agency logical frameworks, and the information gathered will be shared with the United Nations-led sectoral working groups.

Organisations Seven agencies are collectively referred to as the Joint Initiative Group (JIG). They are Africare, CARE International, CRS, Mercy Corps, Oxfam GB, Practical Action and SCF-UK.

3.4.B.4 Refugees Priority Needs At the end of September 2007, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) had records of 4,311 persons of concern (3,833 refugees and 444 asylum-seekers), most of whom are from the Great Lakes region, notably from the Democratic Republic of Congo (2,792), Rwanda (651), and Burundi (592). The remaining persons of concern are mostly from Angola, Somalia, Sudan, Ethiopia, and Eritrea. UNHCR continues to handle large numbers of asylum seekers from Ethiopia and Somalia (3,500 reported for January – September 2007), most of whom are believed to be transiting to South Africa, but whose assistance requirements continue to place significant strain on UNHCR’s limited resources. Some 1,625 refugees reside in urban centres, mostly in Harare. The Government, in line with its ‘encampment policy’, would like to see all refugees relocating to the Tongogara refugee camp, in Manicaland Province near the Mozambican border.

This is where the major part of the refugee population (2,686 persons) resides. By and large, the Government has exercised some flexibility in not vigorously enforcing ‘encampment’, but some refugees have been detained and the policy, together with other push factors such as diminishing resources and rising economic hardship, has seen steadily increasing numbers relocating to the camp. In the past few years, the camp population was +/-2,300 but is now close to 2,700. Further increases are expected, with commensurate requirements for basic social services and assistance, such as food, NFI, education, health, water, and income generation activities. Tongogara also provides a wide array of community services and awareness campaigns, including on SGBV, gender, and sexual abuse. The HIV/AIDS prevalence in the camp is currently low compared to the national statistics. However, UNHCR will continue to scale up HIV/AIDS activities (awareness, prevention, care and support) and advocate for an increased number of refugees to benefit from the HIV/AIDS national ART programme.

Long term solutions for the refugee caseload are difficult to find. Repatriation is unlikely, particularly for those from the Great Lakes, although UNHCR organises voluntary repatriation for those who wish it. Due to the economic and political difficulties in the country, and whilst refugees have some access to land for agricultural purposes, local integration is not currently a viable option. Resettlement to third countries is based upon protection criteria. The reality is that Zimbabwe will continue to host refugees and asylum-seekers, and UNHCR will work with the Government, through the Zimbabwe Refugee Committee (ZRC) and Commissioner for Refugees’ Office, to ensure that the asylum procedures that are in place meet the needs of persons seeking international protection.

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While UNHCR continues to advocate and promote voluntary repatriation and pursue resettlement and local integration as durable solutions where possible, UNHCR provides support for the Government to improve its asylum procedure, protection for refugees as well as to promote refugee law. Through the capacity building of the Government, UNHCR aims to hand over the programme eventually to the local authorities.

In addition self-reliance activities including vocational training and skill development have been implemented vigorously to prepare for the gradual phase out of the care and maintenance programme and to re-orient of the programme to self-reliance in 2008 and thereafter. If the socio-economic situation improves in the country, UNHCR would initiate dialogue with the Government to gradually transfer responsibilities of refugee protection and assistance to the Government.

Objectives 1. Strengthen Refugee Status Determination (RSD) mechanisms ensuring the integrity of the institution of asylum in Zimbabwe, the right of refugees to access physical and legal protection and continued material assistance while pursuing durable solutions, including voluntary repatriation and resettlement. 2. Provide timely and adequate assistance to camp based refugees, ensuring their basic needs are met and strengthening self-reliance projects in attempt to improve their overall protection and viability of their stay in the host country.

Activities • Ensure overall protection of asylum-seekers and refugees in close cooperation with the Government - including respect of their basic human rights with special emphasis on meeting their material, legal and physical safety requirements; the right to seek asylum and safeguard the principle of non-refoulement; • Ensure appropriate durable solutions are identified and refugees benefit from them; • Ensure basic facilities including shelter, sanitation and water supply are available at the Transit Reception Centre in Harare; • Ensure that the programme meets the basic needs of camp-based refugees including food, water, sanitation, health, community services and education; • Promote social integration on all fronts, including family unity with special emphasis to extremely vulnerable refugees, women, children and unaccompanied and separated children; • Promote equal representation of refugee women in leadership, access to registration and ID cards, prevention and response to SGBV and active involvement of refugee women in management of food and provision of sanitary materials.

Indicators (numbers correspond with objectives listed above) 1. Number of asylum-seekers and refugees who have access to asylum procedure and safe and dignified stay in Zimbabwe. 2. Number of asylum seekers and refugees who receive assistance, including income generation, meeting their basic needs and ensuring safe and dignified stay in the host country.

Monitoring and Evaluation UNHCR has a well-established monitoring and evaluation mechanism that functions through the verification of financial and narrative reports from partners and field based staff; frequent field visits; regular meetings with the beneficiaries and partners as well as mid-term reviews and annual reports. In addition to established minimum sectoral standards for the delivery of assistance to refugees, performance and impact indicators are utilised in project implementation. Age, gender and diversity mainstreaming (AGDM) was mainstreamed into all activities in 2005 to focus on age and gender issues and it continues to be the working tool in the 2007.

Organisations Activities for refugees are coordinated by UNHCR and supported by IOM, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), WFP, UNICEF, WHO and INGOs, including WVI, the Jesuit Refugee Service (JRS) and the Inter-Regional Meeting of the Bishops of Southern Africa (IMBISA), as well as Government bodies and donors.

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3.4.C CROSS-CUTTING AREAS

3.4.C.1 Protection/Human Rights/Rule of Law Priority Needs The continued economic decline in Zimbabwe has led to increased levels of poverty and vulnerability in rural and urban areas. The situation is further complicated by a tense socio-political environment. Against this background, protection concerns emanate from: • Incidents of SGBV; • Trafficking in Persons (TIP); • Vulnerability to HIV/AIDS, infection especially for women and girls and access to care and treatment; • Lack of access to basic social services; • Contentious human rights issues particularly politically motivated violence; • The long-term impact of Operation Murambatsvina especially insecurity of tenure; • Protection issues raised amongst deported migrants and with the refugee camp; • As well as the vulnerability of unaccompanied children, the risk of children being trafficked for forced labour or sexual exploitation and children living outside family settings.

Protection needs are particularly high amongst MVPs, deportees, children living outside family environments, survivors of violence and sexual exploitation, victims of trafficking, the urban and peri- urban poor, prisoners, stateless people44, vulnerable people living in state and other institutions (i.e. disabled, elderly, orphans) and chronically ill people. In this context, SGBV is a particular concern. The 2005/2006 DHS found that 25% of Zimbabwean women had experienced sexual violence at some point in their lives, while 20% reported that their first sexual act was forced. 28% of women aged 20-39 reported experience with sexual violence. The survey also identified that rape was a significant risk factor. In an environment where the HIV prevalence is 18.1%, this causes major protection concerns.

Operation Murambatsvina in 2005 directly affected an estimated total of 650-700,000 persons through loss of shelter, loss of livelihoods, or both.45 According to the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General, the operation was carried out without adequate provision for the needs of the most vulnerable in terms of basic social services, as well as their safety and well-being. Since then, small-scale sporadic evictions continue to be reported around the country.

A combination of socio-economic and political factors has caused increased migration to South Africa and Botswana. There are many cases of illegal migrants, who end up being deported back to Zimbabwe. In 2007, on average 16,500 Zimbabweans were deported from South Africa through the Beitbridge border. At the same time, an estimated 4,000 Zimbabweans are deported from Botswana per month. These deportations also involve children and youths who risk being exposed to traffickers.

Presidential, parliamentary and local elections are planned for March 2008. As previous elections have been characterised by incidents of violence, it is important to monitor the protection situation of vulnerable groups during the period before and after the elections. It is also important to ensure that humanitarian aid will not be politicised during this period.

Household economies and livelihoods are either strained or deeply eroded in many communities, due to economic decline and female headed households face the worst consequences. In this context, there is need to address risk factors such as the likelihood of a drop in school attendance especially by girls, increase in child labour, early and forced marriages, transactional and risky sexual behaviour, and selling of assets. Children are also put at risk by harmful religious, cultural or traditional practices that may impede their growth and development.

The human rights situation remains a challenge. There have been frequent allegations of arbitrary arrest, excessive use of force and the use of repressive legislation to prevent criticism of the

44 Stateless persons are those persons who under national laws do not have the legal bond of nationality with any state. In the context of Zimbabwe, persons descending from the work force that immigrated to Zimbabwe from neighbouring countries are most likely to be affected by the problem due to the 2001 and 2003 Amendments of the Citizenship of Zimbabwe Act. 45Report of the Special Envoy on Human Settlement Issues in Zimbabwe, Anna Kajumulo Tibaijuka, July 2005. The Government later contested the estimated number of affected people.

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Government. At the beginning of this year, well coordinated agitation for change led by the opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) and some civil society actors was met with a heavy handed response by the State. In the last few months, the crystallisation of the SADC mediation process between the Government and the opposition MDC may have led to stabilisation of or, at best, a slight improvement in the level of human rights abuses. The failure to implement the recommendations of the Tibaijuka report also bears serious implications for those affected by operation Murambatsvina.

Priorities for the protection sector in 2008 include the consolidation and expansion of existing programmes to address the protection needs of especially vulnerable groups such as MVPs, deportees, children living outside family environments, survivors of SGBV, victims of trafficking, the urban and peri-urban poor, stateless people, vulnerable people living in state and other institutions (i.e. disabled, elderly, orphans) and chronically ill people. In addition, the capacity of community- based organisations (CBOs) to respond, review and evaluate successes as well as the coordination framework for protection actions needs to be strengthened. The protection working group is envisaged to be fully functional in the first quarter of 2008.

In principle, the primary responsibility for the protection of civilians rests with the host Government, and the humanitarian community plays a complementary role. Despite efforts aimed at increased engagement, there still seems to be a lack of consensus in relation to protection and human rights in Zimbabwe. Therefore, it is important for the humanitarian community to promote greater dialogue with the Government of Zimbabwe on protection issues.

Objectives 1. Increased understanding of the protection needs of vulnerable populations and the existing response capacity. 2. Improved response to the protection needs of vulnerable populations. 3. Strengthened coordination, monitoring, information-sharing and advocacy for protection. 4. Improved engagement with all stakeholders including the Government on TIP, humanitarian and human rights issues. 5. Increased understanding among humanitarian community on accountability mechanisms that protect the rights of vulnerable people in emergency situations.

Activities 1. A Assess the protection needs of vulnerable populations and analyse existing response capacity. 1. B Map vulnerable populations through sex/age disaggregated data collection, compilation and analysis on the nature and magnitude of protection issues (e.g. who is affected, how and where they are located). 2. A Mainstream protection and gender objectives within the assistance sectors of food, water and sanitation, health, shelter and nutrition. 2. B Increase the awareness of beneficiary communities on protection issues and humanitarian accountability mechanisms (as per Activity 5A). 2. C Strengthen representation and participation of local groups and affected populations in addressing their protection needs, including prioritising assistance. 3. A Establish a working group on protection, and develop Terms of Reference (TOR) for the working group. 3. B Work with UNHCHR to develop capacity of humanitarian actors on rights based programming and other human rights issues. 4. A Maintain dialogue between the Government and humanitarian community on protection issues and strengthen engagement with the Victim Friendly Unit and other relevant Government departments. 5. A Train key stakeholders in areas relevant to protection46 and human rights. 6. Sensitise communities and authorities on the prevention and management of SGBV and ensure referral mechanism for provision of PEP and psycho-social support.

46 SPHERE standards, the code of conduct of humanitarian workers, the IASC Guidelines for GBV actions in Humanitarian Settings, and the IASC Guidelines to Prevent Sexual Exploitation in the Humanitarian Response; Guiding Principles on Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), and conduct other awareness-raising activities as needed (including TIP conventions and instruments).

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Indicators 1. Number and quality of protection needs and capacity assessments. 2.A. Proportion of assistance projects/programmes that address protection and gender issues in their objectives. 3. Protection working group in place, number of meetings and membership. 3. Increased reporting, information sharing and improved response. 4. Number of protection-related meetings involving the Government. 5. Number of people trained. 6.A. Number of community members and authorities sensitised on SGBV prevention, management and referral. 6.B. Number of GBV survivors accessing PEP and psycho-social support services.

Monitoring and evaluation The working group on protection will monitor and evaluate the implementation of the overall sector response plan. Individual project reports will also be used for monitoring and evaluation.

Organisations Participating organisations include OCHA, IOM, UNFPA, UNHCR, UNICEF, WFP and members of the NGO community.

3.4.C.2 Sustainable Livelihoods at Community Level Priority Needs The deterioration of the country’s economic situation since 1997, coupled with the HIV/AIDS pandemic and recurrent natural disasters, continue to have a negative impact on the capacity of communities throughout the country to cope with the complex set of challenges that they are facing. Dependence on humanitarian assistance remains high, and poverty is growing. HIV/AIDS has become a particular challenge to an overwhelming majority of the population, given the loss of productive adults and the stress that HBC has placed on households, all weakening people’s ability to both meet their immediate livelihood needs as well as to engage in recovery activities.

It is important to recall that the informal sector is dominated by women and the disruptions that were felt in this sector have had their worst impact on them, some of whom who still engage in running battles with municipal police over open air/street vending. Operations such as flea markets are yet to resume their full capacity and as a result the income generation capacity of women traders who dominate this sector has been heavily compromised, hence straining their coping capacity. Men, too, had joined this sector due to loss of employment as more and more industries closed down and the disruptions in the informal sector have affected them as well.

While a number of urban communities affected by Operation Murambatsvina in 2005 benefited from emergency shelter reaching approximately 3,000 beneficiaries, there is a risk that people will be asked to leave their stands due to a failure to develop them. These communities are in danger of becoming homeless again, unless appropriate action is taken. While the Government as part of Operation Garikai has constructed over 3,300 housing structures, it is not clear how many of those houses are habitable.47 To prevent households from the risk of impending homelessness, transitional actions to ensure security of tenure should be put in place. The importance of safe tenure was highlighted in a recent assessment of MVPs, which showed that 51% of the known MVP communities expressed being insecure and equated this with lack of security of tenure.48

Dramatic decreases in both formal and informal sector employment opportunities have had a severe impact on household incomes. Concurrently, fiscal constraints at central level have negatively affected the quality of service delivery as well as the physical infrastructure of the country. The latter is true in regards to both rural and urban communities, and in areas ranging from small-scale irrigation schemes to shelter. Social capital in both rural and urban areas has been put under severe stress given daily survival imperatives, with a concurrent deterioration of traditional safety nets and coping mechanisms, especially amongst mobile and vulnerable populations and other vulnerable groups. Many of these trends could be countered by appropriate policies.

47 Parliament of Zimbabwe, Portfolio Committee on Local Government, June 2006. 48 IOM, Reassessment of MVP communities, November 2006.

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Objectives The overarching goal of the sector is to enhance community-based self-reliance, by enabling populations to deal more effectively with risks and vulnerabilities. This type of support seeks to lay the foundation for longer-term sustainable recovery and development actions that do not rebuild risks in the context of natural and social hazards. In this context, OCHA will continue to work with the Government’s Civil Protection Unit (CPU) in 2008 to train vulnerable communities in disaster risk reduction and to develop local community-based reduction strategies and contingency plans.

1. Strengthened coping mechanisms of communities and households, especially those headed by women, to meet their immediate livelihoods requirements and to benefit from transitional support opportunities. 2. Enhanced disaster risk-reduction amongst vulnerable communities. 3. A more supportive social environment developed at community level to enable a transition to longer-term socially sustainable development.

Activities (Numbers correspond with objectives listed above. All numbers/indicators to be disaggregated by sex and age). 1.A. Build capacity and expand opportunities for non-farm income-generation and employment with a focus on support to small and medium enterprise development. 1.B. Mainstream community participation in initiatives for HIV/AIDS support as part of livelihoods activities. 2. In collaboration with state actors, develop disaster risk reduction strategies by and for local communities, and provide the required capacity-development support. 3. Support communities in the transition from emergency shelter to more sustainable and secure tenure.

Indicators (Numbers correspond with objectives listed above) 1. Number of people reached with productive infrastructure rehabilitation and skills training in communal and urban areas. 2. Number of locally designed and implemented disaster risk reduction plans and environmental management plans. 3. Number of people assisted with sustainable shelter and secure tenure.

Monitoring and Evaluation Each project will develop its own monitoring and evaluation framework with detailed process, intermediate and final impact indicators. Going forward, if the sector response plans and the projects do not achieve the intended results, dependence on humanitarian assistance will likely remain high amongst the target groups. Over time, efforts to link relief and transitional support actions could then become increasingly difficult to implement, as the erosion of physical, natural, financial, human and social capital continues. It is believed that this trend will continue, unless stronger efforts are made to assist communities to move back onto the path of sustainable recovery and development.

Organisations UN-HABITAT, Dialogue on Shelter, Zimbabwe Homeless People’s Federation, Zimbabwe National Association of Housing Cooperatives (ZINAHCO), Practical Action, Swedish Cooperative Centre, Housing People of Zimbabwe (HPZ), IOM and OCHA.

3.4.D Coordination and Support Services Priority Needs Participants at the CAP Workshop identified the need to ‘strengthen coordination and collaboration with all stakeholders including the Government’ as one of the three strategic priorities for 2008. There was also general consensus that the humanitarian situation was deteriorating, and could deteriorate further in 2008. Therefore, strengthening coordination supported by the OCHA Field Office will be an important part of the humanitarian agenda this year. In 2007, one of the main priorities of OCHA was to ensure collective adoption and implementation of the four pillars of Humanitarian Reform (cluster approach; CERF; strengthening of Humanitarian Coordinator [HC] system and partnership). OCHA also facilitated the implementation of the 2007 CAP, and the piloting of the Principles of Partnership, which were developed by the Global Humanitarian Platform (GHP).

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In 2008, OCHA will continue to support the humanitarian community by further strengthening the coordination mechanisms (including actively supporting each cluster); facilitate the full activation of the cluster approach; facilitate joint needs assessments; promote emergency preparedness and response; and ensure transparency, sharing of information and use of information products (e.g. situation reports, maps and “who does what where” matrices). OCHA will also strive to strengthen coordination in certain sectors (e.g. in health) to better respond to emergency disease outbreaks and ensure funding is raised. In addition, OCHA will continue to focus on improving the relationship between the Government and the humanitarian community at-large, through transparent dialogue, joint assessments and two-way sharing of information. Given the deteriorating humanitarian situation and the potential of a further worsening in 2008, including risks of acute disease outbreaks, the OCHA Field Office working in support of the HC and the IASC will have a major role to play in ensuring a coordinated humanitarian response.

Regular, facilitated interactions between the Government and the NGOs on issues relating to registration, memoranda of understanding (MoUs) and TEPs were started in 2007. One of the goals of these interactions was to facilitate and improve the operational space for the humanitarian community. Therefore, efforts will be stepped up in 2008 to continue building trust and transparency. Such efforts are expected to be particularly important during the period immediately prior to and after the March elections, in order to avoid politicisation of the provision of aid.

As the humanitarian situation in several sectors deteriorated in 2007, the coordination needs also become more pronounced. In 2008, OCHA will continue to explore synergies with other humanitarian stakeholders, including the cluster leads, to ensure a coordinated response to the needs of the most vulnerable. Tools and mechanisms such as the CERF, the CAP, Flash Appeals and the Zimbabwe ERF will be important. In this context, OCHA will aim to facilitate a transparent consultation process in order to ensure that the most vulnerable populations are assisted.

The humanitarian community will continue to strengthen the humanitarian coordination mechanism, including regular consultation meetings with the Government, NGOs, United Nations agencies, churches and donors. Joint humanitarian situation reports will continue to be published monthly (or more frequently if the situation deteriorates), and the financial tracking system of humanitarian contributions to Zimbabwe will be maintained in collaboration with OCHA’s FTS in Geneva.

In 2008, the OCHA Field Office will continue to work in support of the HC and the IASC members in seeking to ensure a coordinated response to the challenges that will arise.

Objectives 1. Facilitate and support a strengthened humanitarian coordination mechanism (IASC meetings; donor consultations; HC/NGO consultations; trilateral meetings of United Nations agencies, NGOs, and Government). 2. Support the development of a fully deployed, functioning, and funded humanitarian reform system including a properly functioning CERF process and cluster system. 3. In collaboration with National Association of NGOs (NANGO), promote and facilitate greater engagement and coordination among national and international NGOs, ensuring their participation in the coordination mechanism, the CAP and meetings between Government and the humanitarian community. 4. Strengthen appeals processes, analysis and resource mobilisation; increase participation, understanding and awareness by all stakeholders in the CAP, Flash Appeals and other IASC processes to include advocating for adequate funding from donors.

Activities • Provide all the key stakeholders with updated CERF guidelines; facilitate the convening of IASC meetings; support the HC/IASC to identify and prioritise emergency/under-funded projects for CERF funding; review and finalise with receipt agencies projects to be recommended by the HC; monitor progress in the implementation of CERF projects; and prepare lessons learned. • Promote the sharing of information on the humanitarian reform and GHP; support the establishment of clusters; and build a common understanding on the cluster approach. • Participate in NGO meetings; consult and ensure regular bilateral meetings with NGOs; support the HC in convening monthly NGO consultative meetings; work closely with NANGO; on request from NGOs consult and negotiate with the Government on NGO issues of concern; and, advocate and ensure transparency and information sharing.

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• Support monthly and ad-hoc IASC, donor, NGO and other key stakeholders meetings; facilitate Contingency Planning; and ensure the implementation of IASC decisions. • Produce and disseminate situation and analysis reports, maps and who does what where matrices; manage the OCHA Zimbabwe website. • Facilitate and ensure negotiations with the Government on NGO and humanitarian concerns; • Conduct joint inter-agency needs assessments with partners; facilitate CAP planning including the 2008 Mid-Year Review; support clusters and working groups in the development of the 2009 CAP sector plans and projects. • Advocate for the funding of the CAP and other funding as required; publish highlights of CAP projects and activities; disseminate updated FTS; and ensure donor involvement.

Indicators (numbers correspond with objectives listed above): 1.A Number of consultations and meetings between the Government, United Nations, donors and NGOs, as part of the humanitarian coordination mechanism; 1.B Qualitative feedback from humanitarian partners on effectiveness of consultations; 2. Percent of relevant clusters that are fully functional; 3. Percent of relevant NGOs actively participating in the CAP and in regular coordination meetings; 4. Percentage of funding against requirements for 2008 CAP.

Monitoring and Evaluation Coordination and support services will be monitored in collaboration with IASC members, NGOs and Government partners. Furthermore, OCHA will monitor the impact of coordination tools in ensuring that there is adequate coverage and that gaps in the humanitarian response are addressed. The goal of this effort will be to prevent duplication of assistance or gaps.

Organisations Participants in the humanitarian coordination mechanisms include IASC members, international and national NGOs, Government counterparts, NANGO, donors, and religious and civil society organisations.

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4. STRATEGIC MONITORING PLAN

The IASC Country Team, which currently functions as the Humanitarian Country Team in Zimbabwe, is chaired by the HC and comprised of the United Nations humanitarian agencies, three NGO representatives, International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) (as a standing invitee), International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), UNAIDS and UN-HABITAT. This body, which meets on a monthly basis to make policy decisions and coordinate strategic issues, will monitor the overall implementation of the 2008 Consolidated Appeal. Any changes in the strategic priorities or overall objectives of the Appeal will be made through the Mid-Year Review, or as the need arises. OCHA will continue to facilitate this process under the guidance of the HC.

Regular monthly meetings are held with donor Governments to provide updates of operational progress and highlight key gaps in the funding of humanitarian assistance. These gaps will also be highlighted in monthly situation reports produced by OCHA. A monthly coordination meeting for NGOs will continue to be held in Bulawayo.

The sector working groups as well as thematic working groups provide the mechanisms for detailed monitoring of relevant technical and operational issues. The chairs of the various working groups meet on a monthly basis to ensure inter-linkages between the sectors and to promote a coherent and comprehensive response. Important information from the sector working groups will also be channelled to the IASC Country Team for its consideration and action. As part of the effort to enhance coordination at the sector level, the cluster approach is expected to be fully implemented in Zimbabwe in 2008. In terms of monitoring and evaluation, the SPHERE standards will play an important role at the sector/cluster level.

The humanitarian coordination mechanism includes regular meetings with different Government bodies to ensure that strategic and operational issues related to the provision of humanitarian assistance are addressed. In September 2007, a quarterly tripartite meeting between the Government, the United Nations humanitarian agencies and the NGOs was instituted, as part of the overall effort to enhance coordination with the Government.

The Table below provides an overview of the overall 2008 CAP objectives, related indicators and monitoring methodology.

CAP objective Indicators Monitoring Methodology (abbreviated) 1. Provide timely and • Number of vulnerable people • Monitoring and evaluation data, adequate assistance to reached with emergency and field reports and individual vulnerable populations in livelihoods humanitarian assessments from United Nations order to mitigate the impact assistance; agencies and NGOs; of and reduce food • Number of food insecurity people • Government data; insecurity, erosion of in December 2008 compared to • ZimVAC; livelihoods and weakening of December 2007; • CFSAM; basic social services. • CSI; • C-SAFE assessment; • Changes in access to basic social • Livelihoods surveys; services among households • Nutritional surveillance data. targeted for assistance; • Nutritional situation in targeted districts; • Adherence to Sphere Standards. 2. Enhance preparedness • Response time following sudden- • Monitoring and evaluation data for and timely response to onset and new emergencies; from United Nations agencies and acute disease outbreaks and • Existence and activation (if NGOs; other sudden emergencies. applicable) of inter-agency • Monitoring by OCHA Field Office. contingency plan; • Adherence to SPHERE standards; 3. Provide protection for • Number of vulnerable people • Monitoring and evaluation data the most vulnerable. reached with adequate assistance from United Nations agencies and in the area of protection. NGOs taking part in the working group on protection.

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4. Mainstream and • Percentage of implemented CAP • Monitoring and evaluation data address cross-cutting issues projects that take into account from United Nations agencies and such as HIV/AIDS, age and cross-cutting issues. NGOs; gender. • Monitoring by OCHA Field Office. CAP objective Indicators Monitoring Methodology (abbreviated) 5. Link humanitarian • Percentage of implemented CAP • Monitoring and evaluation data actions to transitional projects that take into account from United Nations agencies and support including efforts to strengthening of local coping NGOs; strengthen local coping mechanisms. • Monitoring by OCHA Field Office. mechanisms.

Declining public sector capacity for data gathering, analysis and dissemination remains an obstacle to effective monitoring and evaluation, including tracking of humanitarian indicators. Another obstacle is the frequent use of monitoring and evaluation frameworks that are specific to individual organisations and that may not be easily transferable to a sector response plan or to a Consolidated Appeal.

5. CRITERIA FOR SELECTION AND PRIORITISATION OF PROJECTS

Projects included in the 2008 CAP for Zimbabwe were first submitted to the relevant sector lead agency for vetting. In several sectors, projects were also shared with the other members of the working group for a peer review. Once projects had been approved at the sector level, they were forwarded to OCHA for inclusion in the draft CAP document, which was shared with United Nations agencies, International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, NGOs and donors for comment. The HC carried out the final selection and approval of projects, before submitting the final field draft to OCHA Geneva.

The selection of projects was based on the following factors: • The project contributes towards the attainment of at least one of the strategic objectives outlined in the Common Humanitarian Action Plan (CHAP); • The project helps to achieve objectives listed in the sector response plan; • The appealing agency has the technical expertise and capacity to implement the project; • The project will have an impact on one of the priority vulnerable groups as determined by the IASC Country Team; • The project will be implemented in a region that is considered to be a priority; and, • The project will have a measurable impact in 2008.

In selecting and prioritising projects for funding, donors are encouraged to study the overall strategic priorities and objectives of the 2008 CAP, which are listed in section 3.3, and select the projects that meet those priorities and objectives most closely. Donors are also encouraged to study the various sector response plans, and to prioritise projects that meet the specific sector objectives.

At the 2008 CAP Workshop, participants from United Nations agencies, the International Federation of the Red Cross, NGOs, donors and the Government of Zimbabwe agreed not to continue the practice of labeling projects as either “Emergency Relief” (ER), “Transitional Support” (TS) or “Emergency Relief and Transitional Support” (ER/TS) in the 2008 CAP for Zimbabwe. Such a labelling was used in the 2007 CAP, as an experiment, but the Workshop participants assessed the results of the labelling as mixed and not desirable in 2008.

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6. SUMMARY: STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE

STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE Strategic Priority Key Indicators Corresponding Response Plan Objectives Example Associated Projects 1. Provide timely and • Number of vulnerable people AGRICULTURE • Increase productivity of • Provision of basic agricultural inputs and adequate assistance to reached with emergency and smallholder farmers by at least 50% extension support to smallholder farmers in the vulnerable populations livelihoods humanitarian through input provision, promotion of communal sector; in order to mitigate the assistance; improved soil, water and crop • Improved food security and livelihood for impact of and reduce • Levels of food insecurity in management practices and linking rural communities, through advanced land use food insecurity, erosion December 2008 compared to the local farming expertise with and management practices (conservation of livelihoods and December 2007; private sector marketing farming); weakening of basic • Changes measured by the CSI; opportunities; • Improved Community management of cattle social services. • Changes in access to basic social • Assist vulnerable households to dip tanks and dipping service provision in services among households enhance and protect livestock assets; communal areas in Zimbabwe; targeted for assistance; • Monitor the food security • Sustainable improvement of the food security • Changes in nutritional status in situation and the 2007/2008 cropping among vulnerable rural groups by optimising their targeted districts; season to maximise the efficiency capacity of production and by enhancing their • Adherence to SPHERE Standards. and effectiveness of the agricultural asset holdings in five wards of Chipinge District; relief programmes, with increased • Achieving increased food security and coordination among all stakeholders. nutrition through access to improved planting material of sweet potato. HEALTH • Improved and maintained access • Addressing community and environmental to basic health services for the most health needs of MVPs. vulnerable populations. FOOD • Improve access to food among • Improve access to food among the vulnerable households, particularly vulnerable households, particularly those with those with highly vulnerable children; highly vulnerable children by providing a full • Increase the ability of targeted, basket of maize, beans and cooking oil; vulnerable groups to meet their food • Child SFP of children of school going age; needs, enhance their resilience to • Food Support for Vulnerable Groups. manage shocks and mitigate their suffering through reduced asset depletion.

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STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE Strategic Priority Key Indicators Corresponding Response Plan Objectives Example Associated Projects MULTI-SECTOR • MVP communities are food • Humanitarian assistance to returned secure through access to sufficient migrants and mobile populations at the South amount of food and/or livelihood Africa-Zimbabwe border (Beitbridge); actions; • Reintegration assistance to returnees: • Increased access to vulnerable revolving livestock scheme; populations in terms of priority needs • Emergency assistance to mobile and and services; vulnerable populations in Zimbabwe: relief, • Provide timely and adequate reintegration and community health. assistance to camp based refugees, ensuring their basic needs are met and strengthening self-reliance projects in attempt to improve their overall protection and viability of their stay in the host country. WES • Support and respond in a timely • Response to emergency water and and coordinated manner to water, sanitation crisis in Greater Harare; sanitation and hygiene-related • Response to emergency Gokwe N humanitarian emergencies. emergency water and sanitation crisis.

2. Enhance • Response time following sudden- EDUCATION • Build capacity of children and • Emergency preparedness for schools; preparedness for and onset and new emergencies; school authorities in emergency • Equity and quality in schools affected by timely response to acute • Existence and activation (if preparedness and disaster risk disasters; disease outbreaks and applicable) of inter-agency contingency reduction; • Retaining OVC in difficult circumstances other sudden plan; • Minimise impact of natural and accessing basic education, with a focus on girls. emergencies • Adherence to Sphere standards. man-made disasters on school children and infrastructure.

HEALTH • Strengthened health systems • Reaching the vulnerable children and women capacity to maintain minimum of child bearing age with immunisation to prevent internationally recognised level (e.g. EPI target disease outbreaks. adoption of SPHERE standards); • Increased capacity of MoH, civil society and vulnerable communities to coordinate and respond to health needs in emergencies including response to disease outbreaks.

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STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE Strategic Priority Key Indicators Corresponding Response Plan Objectives Example Associated Projects NUTRITION • Strengthen emergency • Assisting families without parents to cope preparedness and response. with Nutritional Emergencies; • The supply of micro nutrient enriched meals from home-grown nutritional gardens to provide rapid response for home-based action in malnutrition. 3. Provide protection for • Number of vulnerable people LIVELIHOODS • Enhanced disaster risk-reduction • Restored and improved livelihoods for the most vulnerable reached with adequate assistance and environmental management members of cooperative housing organisations; in the area of protection. capacities amongst vulnerable • Provision of transitional shelter for the communities. vulnerable groups in Hatcliff and Hopley. MULTI-SECTOR • Increased involvement of • Supporting community stabilisation and stakeholders in promoting rights and reintegration of MVPs through the provision of protecting migrants; semi-permanent shelter and human capital • MVP communities are protected enhancement; from environmental hazards and • Promoting rights among potential migrants have the necessary assets for and other mobile populations; sustaining lives (NFIs and shelter); • The NGO JI for Urban Zimbabwe Phase II; • Identifying and addressing the • Local settlement programme for refugees in protection needs of vulnerable Zimbabwe. children and their families; • Strengthen RSD mechanisms ensuring the integrity of the institution of asylum in Zimbabwe, the right of refugees to access physical and legal protection and continued material assistance while pursuing durable solutions, including voluntary repatriation and resettlement.

4. Mainstream and • Percentage of implemented CAP AGRICULTURE • Strengthen the capacities of • Improving dietary diversity for HIV-affected address cross-cutting projects that take into account of local communities to respond to the rural households; issues such as HIV/AIDS, implemented projects that take challenges posed by HIV/AIDS. • Sustainable improvement of the livelihood of age and gender. into account cross-cutting issues. PLWHA and their families through a comprehensive approach from Food security to nutrition in Chipinge District.

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STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE Strategic Priority Key Indicators Corresponding Response Plan Objectives Example Associated Projects HEALTH • Improved access to treatment of • Male Empowerment, mitigation, care and ART, HIV/AIDS prevention and care, support for the HIV infected and affected; OI services to vulnerable populations. • Support to adolescent RH in Harare Peri- Urban; • Engendering HIV prevention and reducing women’s vulnerability in 12 Districts not covered by the existing major HIV prevention programmes; • Community HBC and counselling for people living with HIV/AIDS including children and young people; • HIV-related information materials and supplies for vulnerable girls. NUTRITION • Strengthen nutrition components • Addressing the nutritional needs of in HIV/AIDS-related activities and vulnerable and hard to reach populations; services. • Nutrition support and education for community HBC programme; • Advocating for improved health through positive behavioural change towards nutrition; • Support to reduce malnutrition related to HIV and inadequate child care practices. MULTI-SECTOR • HIV knowledge among potential • Mitigation and support programme for mobile migrants and returnees increase, and MVPs infected and affected by HIV/AIDS; sustained behaviour change • Responding to HIV/AIDS in the informal occurred; cross-border trade sector in Zimbabwe. • MVP communities have decreased HIV/AIDS and SGBV risks and vulnerabilities. Water, • Maintain and enhance WASH • Integrated water and sanitation; Environment facilities for vulnerable populations • Response to emergency water and and prioritising those infected and sanitation crisis in Greater Harare; Sanitation affected by HIV/AIDS. • Emergency assistance to vulnerable populations – WASH education; • Providing sanitary pads to school girls and lifestray filters to school children. 5. Link humanitarian • Percentage of implemented CAP AGRICULTURE • Reinforce linkages between • Improved community management of cattle actions to transitional projects that take into account agricultural actions and food aid relief dip tanks and dipping service provision in support including efforts strengthening of local coping programmes to enhance sustainable communal areas in Zimbabwe; to strengthen local mechanisms. livelihoods for vulnerable households;

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STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE Strategic Priority Key Indicators Corresponding Response Plan Objectives Example Associated Projects coping mechanisms. LIVELIHOODS • Strengthened coping • Strengthening the capacity of community mechanisms of communities and based initiatives in housing delivery; households, especially women, to • Improved livelihoods for members of meet their immediate livelihoods cooperative housing organisations; requirements and to benefit from • Livelihoods skills training; transitional support opportunities; • Improved livelihoods of men, women and • A more supportive social young entrepreneurs. environment developed at community level to enable a transition to longer- term socially sustainable development.

FOOD • Safeguard health and nutrition • Nutritional support to ART patients. and enhance quality of life for targeted, chronically ill people through nutrition support linked with relevant health actions.

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7. IMPACT OF PILOT SCHEMES TO IMPROVE HUMANITARIAN ACTION

Throughout 2007, the humanitarian community in Zimbabwe held a series of consultations on humanitarian reform, in particular the cluster approach and the ‘partnership’ pillar. On 4 June, 60 workshop participants from NGOs, United Nations agencies, components of ICRC/IFRC and donors collectively endorsed the cluster approach for implementation in Zimbabwe. The IASC Country Team, at its meeting on 18 July, also endorsed the cluster approach. Subsequently, a series of cluster- specific meetings were held in order to familiarise all partners with the cluster approach, discuss coordination mechanisms and agree on leadership arrangements. As part of these consultations, the NGO community raised a set of concerns regarding the future implementation of the cluster approach, and asked that these concerns be considered by the IASC Country Team, as part of a proposal on the way forward, prior to the official activation of the clusters. The cluster approach is expected to be formally activated at the end of 2007 or early in 2008.

Zimbabwe was also selected by the Global Humanitarian Platform (GHP) to serve as one of the pilot countries for the “Principles of Partnership’ (i.e. equality, transparency, results-oriented approach, responsibility and complementarity). A series of consultations were help on the Principles in meetings including the multi-stakeholder workshop held on 4 June 2007, where the Principles were collectively discussed and endorsed. Two participants - one from the United Nations and one from the NGO community - attended the annual meeting of the GHP in July and provided feedback on the Principles of Partnership on behalf of the humanitarian community in Zimbabwe. In 2008, the humanitarian actors are expected to make further efforts to operationalise and implement the Principles of Partnership.

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Table V. List of 2008 Projects by Sector

Table V: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by sector) as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 1 of 8 Project Code Appealing Project Title Original Organisation Requirements (US$)

AGRICULTURE

ZIM-08/A01 FAO Provision of Basic Agricultural Inputs and Extension 35,500,000 Support to Smallholder Farmers in the Communal Sector ZIM-08/A02 FAO Improved Food Security and Livelihood for Rural 782,000 Communities, through Advanced Land Use and Management Practices (Conservation Farming) ZIM-08/A03 FAO Improved Community management of cattle dip tanks and 280,000 dipping service provision in communal areas in Zimbabwe ZIM-08/A04 FAO Emergency Control of Epidemic Foot-and-Mouth Disease 880,000 (FMD) in Zimbabwe. ZIM-08/A05 FAO General Monitoring System 100,000 ZIM-08/A06 FAO Progressive elimination of New Castle Disease and Avian 300,000 Influenza awareness in the Rural Areas of Zimbabwe ZIM-08/A07 FAO Improving Dietary Diversity For HIV Affected Rural 250,000 Households ZIM-08/A08 PSDC Promotion and strengthening of application of sustainable 114,750 farming practices in Muzarabani District ZIM-08/A09 AAI-Z Emergency Agriculture and Nutritional Support Project 140,000 (EANSP) ZIM-08/A10 ACF Sustainable improvement of the food security among 58,652 vulnerable rural groups by optimising their capacity of production and by enhancing their asset holdings in 5 wards of Chipinge District ZIM-08/A11 ACF Sustainable improvement of the livelihood of PLWHA and 404,998 their families through a comprehensive approach from Food security to nutrition in Chipinge District ZIM-08/A12 Africare Integrated Agricultural Recovery Program (GIARP) 500,000 ZIM-08/A13 APOC Achieving increased food security and nutrition through 149,700 access to improved planting material of sweet potato. ZIM-08/A14 ASAP Health and Nutrition Development Initiative (HANDEI) 52,200 ZIM-08/A15 HFRC Nutrition gardens using less water with gravity drip irrigation 45,300 and organic methods ZIM-08/A16 CARE Community Economic Capacity Enhancement for livelihood 287,000 security through savings led microfinance services

ZIM-08/A17 CONCERN Improving Food Security of the Rural Poor in Zimbabwe 330,000 ZIM-08/A18 CRS Community level Vaccination of Poultry 178,800 ZIM-08/A19 CTDT Sustainable Farming Systems to Enhance Household Food 200,000 Security ZIM-08/A20 DAPP Food Security Project through DAPP Farmers Club 1,301,916 Programme. ZIM-08/A21 EA Support to small grains production in semi-arid areas as a 75,000 food security measure.

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Table V: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by sector) as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 2 of 8 Project Code Appealing Project Title Original Organisation Requirements (US$)

AGRICULTURE (Continued) ZIM-08/A22 FACHIG Agricultural Inputs Assistance to Vulnerable Households in 45,000 Mashonaland Central Province ZIM-08/A23 FCTZ Promoting Food Security among vulnerable groups 600,000 ZIM-08/A24 Mercy Corps Food Security and Livelihood Independence Programme 1,029,700 For Vulnerable Households in South-Eastern Zimbabwe ZIM-08/A25 SAFIRE Market linkages for Smallholder Farmers 215,723 ZIM-08/A26 SAT Sustainable Food Security for Small-holder communal 250,000 farmers ZIM-08/A27 SC - UK Binga – Nyaminyami Livelihoods Support Project 1,000,000 ZIM-08/A28 SC - UK Binga – Nyaminyami Water and Sanitation Project 750,000 ZIM-08/A29 CIAT Improving food security through increased productivity, on- 74,930 farm diversification and linkages to markets

Subtotal for AGRICULTURE 45,895,669

COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES

ZIM-08/CSS01 OCHA Facilitation and coordination humanitarian assistance to 2,481,427 populations affected by disasters and emergencies; advocacy for the protection of vulnerable populations; and information management.

Subtotal for COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES 2,481,427

ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE

ZIM-08/ER/I01 UN-HABITAT Restored and improved livelihoods for members of 240,000 cooperative housing organisations ZIM-08/ER/I02 UN-HABITAT Livelihoods Skills Training 245,000 ZIM-08/ER/I03 UN-HABITAT Livelihoods support through provision of transitional shelter 650,000 for the vulnerable groups in Hatcliff and Hopley ZIM-08/ER/I04 UN-HABITAT Strengthening the capacity of community based initiatives in 560,000 housing delivery ZIM-08/ER/I05 IOM Facilitating Stabilization and Reintegration of Mobile and 3,787,000 Vulnerable Populations (MVPs) through Livelihood Provision and Promotion

Subtotal for ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE 5,482,000

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Table V: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by sector) as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 3 of 8 Project Code Appealing Project Title Original Organisation Requirements (US$)

EDUCATION

ZIM-08/E01 SC - UK Improved access to quality education for vulnerable children 925,000 in Binga, Nyaminyami and Victoria Falls districts. ZIM-08/E02 SC - Norway Retaining OVC in difficult circumstances accessing basic 140,000 education, with a focus on girls ZIM-08/E03 SC - Norway Provision of school textbooks and school facilities 134,000 ZIM-08/E04 The J.F. Kapnek Trust Early Childhood Education Centers as an Focal Point for 200,000 Community HIV/AIDS Interventions 2008 ZIM-08/E05 UNICEF Emergency Preparedness for Schools 740,000 ZIM-08/E06 UNICEF Equity and Quality Education, Keep All OVC, especially 940,000 Girls in school. ZIM-08/E07 UNICEF Equity and quality in schools affected by disasters 935,000 ZIM-08/E08 IOM Increasing Access to Quality Education for Children of 987,000 Mobile and Vulnerable Population communities Subtotal for EDUCATION 5,001,000

FOOD

ZIM-08/F01 LDS Vulnerable Group Feeding In Zvishavane 2,000,000 ZIM-08/F02 MWANA PROJECT School Supplementary Feeding Programme 207,000 ZIM-08/F03 NPA Child Supplementary Feeding Project of Children of School 1,600,000 going age. ZIM-08/F04 WFP Food Support for Vulnerable Groups 168,009,083 ZIM-08/F05 ADRA Targeted Supplementary Feeding for Children and Women 1,570,000

Subtotal for FOOD 173,386,083

ZIMBABWE

Table V: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by sector) as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 4 of 8 Project Code Appealing Project Title Original Organisation Requirements (US$)

HEALTH

ZIM-08/H01 Africare Male Empowerment, mitigation, care and support for the 150,000 HIV infected and affected ZIM-08/H02 Africare Support to Adolescent Reproductive Health in Harare Peri- 180,000 Urban ZIM-08/H03 IOM Addressing Community and Environmental Health Needs of 782,250 Mobile and Vulnerable Populations (MVPs) ZIM-08/H04 IOM Combating and Preventing Public Health Threats at Border 782,250 Regions in Zimbabwe ZIM-08/H05 IOM Mitigation and Support Program for Mobile and Vulnerable 640,500 Populations Infected and Affected by HIV and AIDS ZIM-08/H06 UNFPA Improving Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care 630,000 services ZIM-08/H07 UNFPA Engendering HIV Prevention and Reducing Women’s 879,540 Vulnerability in 12 Districts not Covered by the Existing Major HIV Prevention Programmes ZIM-08/H08 UNFPA Addressing sexual and reproductive health needs of mobile 600,000 and vulnerable populations in Zimbabwe ZIM-08/H09 UNICEF Malaria Control in Vulnerable Groups through ITN Promotion 1,500,000 ZIM-08/H10 UNICEF Reaching the vulnerable children and women of child 3,416,310 bearing age with immunization to prevent EPI target disease outbreaks ZIM-08/H11 UNICEF Community home based care and counselling for people 740,000 living with HIV/AIDS including children and young people. ZIM-08/H12 UNICEF HIV-related information materials and supplies for 335,000 vulnerable girls ZIM-08/H13 UNICEF Improving child survival by strengthening neonatal health 1,000,000 care ZIM-08/H14 UNICEF Prevention of Mother to Child transmission of HIV and 380,000 Paediatric HIV/AIDS Care ZIM-08/H15 WHO Strengthen Emergency Preparedness and Response in the 1,833,124 health sector in the most affected districts ZIM-08/H16 WHO Procurement of ARVs for 30,000 adults currently on ART 2,493,100 ZIM-08/H17 WHO Strengthening emergency immunization services in the 591,420 affected districts with low EPI coverage ZIM-08/H18 WHO Emergency Health Information, Disease and nutritional 1,116,416 Surveillance System ZIM-08/H19 WHO Procurement of vital drugs and medical supplies 894,520 ZIM-08/H20 WHO Malaria Control in malaria epidemic prone districts 1,900,000 ZIM-08/H21 IOM Addressing the Nutritional Needs of Vulnerable and Hard to 661,500 Reach Populations ZIM-08/H22 CARE Nutrition Support and Education for Community Home 266,900 Based Care Programme

ZIMBABWE

Table V: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by sector) as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 5 of 8 Project Code Appealing Project Title Original Organisation Requirements (US$)

HEALTH (Continued)

ZIM-08/H23 UMC Advocating for improved health through positive behaviour 150,000 change towards nutrition ZIM-08/H24 HKI Community Therapeutic Care 500,000 ZIM-08/H25 Linkage Trust Assisting families without parents to cope with Nutritional 180,000 Emergencies. ZIM-08/H26 Linkage Trust The supply of Micro Nutrient Enriched Meals from 125,000 homegrown Nutritional Gardens to provide rapid response for home based Intervention in Malnutrition. ZIM-08/H27 Plan Campaign against malnutrition among under fives, lactating 250,000 and pregnant mothers-Mutoko District ZIM-08/H28 SC - UK Support to reduce malnutrition related to HIV and 330,000 inadequate child care practices ZIM-08/H29 UNICEF Nutrition care and support to PLWHA 245,000 ZIM-08/H30 UNICEF Emergency Nutrition Coordination 200,000 ZIM-08/H31 UNICEF Hospital and Community Based Management of Acute 980,000 Malnutrition ZIM-08/H32 UNICEF Zimbabwe Nutrition Sentinel Site Surveillance System 300,000

Subtotal for HEALTH 25,032,830

ZIMBABWE

Table V: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by sector) as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 6 of 8 Project Code Appealing Project Title Original Organisation Requirements (US$)

MULTI-SECTOR

ZIM-08/MS01 IOM Humanitarian Assistance to Returned Migrants and Mobile 3,835,650 Populations at the South Africa-Zimbabwe Border (Beitbridge) ZIM-08/MS02 IOM Responding to HIV/AIDS in the Informal Cross-border 1,050,000 Trade Sector in Zimbabwe ZIM-08/MS03 IOM Facilitating Temporary and Safe Migration of Zimbabwean 1,323,000 Farm Workers to Limpopo Province ZIM-08/MS04 IOM Reintegration Assistance to Returnees: Revolving Livestock 5,565,000 Scheme ZIM-08/MS05 IOM Reintegration Assistance to Returnees: Micro-Finance 1,335,600 ZIM-08/MS06 IOM Emergency Assistance to Mobile and Vulnerable 12,115,000 Populations in Zimbabwe: Relief, Reintegration and Community Health ZIM-08/MS07 IOM Supporting Community Stabilization and Reintegration of 5,775,000 Mobile and Vulnerable Populations (MVPs) through the Provision of Semi-Permanent Shelter and Human Capital Enhancement ZIM-08/MS08 IOM Humanitarian Assistance to Returned Migrants and Mobile 3,045,000 Populations at the Botswana-Zimbabwe Border (Plumtree) ZIM-08/MS09 IOM Promoting rights among potential migrants and other mobile 525,000 populations ZIM-08/MS10 Mercy Corps The NGO Joint Initiative For Urban Zimbabwe Phase II 6,400,000 ZIM-08/MS11 UNHCR Protection and Assistance to Refugees in Zimbabwe 2,109,370

Subtotal for MULTI-SECTOR 43,078,620

ZIMBABWE

Table V: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by sector) as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 7 of 8 Project Code Appealing Project Title Original Organisation Requirements (US$)

PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW

ZIM-08/P/HR/RL01 SC - UK Building capacity to address vulnerability of children in 1,250,120 urban communities affected by HIV AIDS, displacement and resettlement ZIM-08/P/HR/RL02 SC - UK Protection of Children Who Are Moving Illegally Across the 800,000 Zimbabwe Border (excluding South African border) ZIM-08/P/HR/RL03 SC - UK Promotion Of The Rights to Care and Protection of Children 1,100,000 with Disabilities in Urban Areas ZIM-08/P/HR/RL04 SC - Norway Protection Of Disabled Children From Abuse 164,300 ZIM-08/P/HR/RL05 UMC Improving lives of orphans through training of home 90,000 mothers and staff at UMC homes for orphans in child care, nutrition gardening and prevention of child abuse. ZIM-08/P/HR/RL06 IOM Prevention and Protection of Children from the Risk and 735,000 Realties of Child Trafficking ZIM-08/P/HR/RL07 UNFPA Protecting and promoting sexual and reproductive health 600,000 among mobile and vulnerable populations by addressing gender-based violence directed at women and girls ZIM-08/P/HR/RL08 UNICEF Prevention of Sexual and Gender Based Violence (SGBV) 1,250,000 ZIM-08/P/HR/RL09 UN-HABITAT Restoration of land rights for sustainable settlements in 500,000 Hopley

Subtotal for PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW 6,489,420

ZIMBABWE

Table V: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by sector) as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 8 of 8 Project Code Appealing Project Title Original Organisation Requirements (US$)

WATER AND SANITATION

ZIM-08/WS01 ACF Zimbabwe, water project: a sustainable approach based on 493,921 the development of local management capacity ZIM-08/WS02 Africare Integrated Water and Sanitation (IWASA) 200,000 ZIM-08/WS03 Christian Care Response to Emergency Water & Sanitation Crisis in 420,000 Greater Harare. ZIM-08/WS04 Christian Care Response to Emergency Gokwe N emergency Water & 350,000 Sanitation Crisis ZIM-08/WS05 CRS Emergency Assistance to Vulnerable Populations – 452,400 WATSAN and Hygiene Education ZIM-08/WS06 IWSD Providing sanitary pads to School girls & Lifestray Filters To 1,150,000 School Children ZIM-08/WS07 IWSD Improving drinking water quality for urban households using 1,150,000 Berckerfied Household Filters. ZIM-08/WS08 IWSD Upgrading Wastewater Treatment Units at Rural Growth 900,000 Points in Zimbabwe ZIM-08/WS09 Mercy Corps Water and Community Health 1,015,409 ZIM-08/WS10 UNICEF Provision of emergency safe water supply, sanitation 2,780,000 facilities and hygiene education to targeted vulnerable populations in urban and rural areas of Zimbabwe. ZIM-08/WS11 OXFAM UK Public Health response For Zimbabwe Humanitarian Crisis 802,399

Subtotal for WATER AND SANITATION 9,714,129

Grand Total 316,561,178

ZIMBABWE

Table VI. List of 2008 Projects by Appealing Organisation

Table VI: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by appealing organisation) as of 15 November 2007 http://www. reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 1 of 11 Project Code Sector Name Project Title Original Requirements (US$)

AAI-Z

ZIM-08/A09 AGRICULTURE Emergency Agriculture and Nutritional Support 140,000 Project (EANSP)

Subtotal for AAI-Z 140,000

ACF

ZIM-08/A10 AGRICULTURE Sustainable improvement of the food security 58,652 among vulnerable rural groups by optimising their capacity of production and by enhancing their asset holdings in 5 wards of Chipinge District

ZIM-08/A11 AGRICULTURE Sustainable improvement of the livelihood of 404,998 PLWHA and their families through a comprehensive approach from Food security to nutrition in Chipinge District

ZIM-08/WS01 WATER AND SANITATION Zimbabwe, water project: a sustainable approach 493,921 based on the development of local management capacity

Subtotal for ACF 957,571

ADRA

ZIM-08/F05 FOOD Targeted Supplementary Feeding for Children and 1,570,000 Women

Subtotal for ADRA 1,570,000

Africare

ZIM-08/A12 AGRICULTURE Integrated Agricultural Recovery Program (GIARP) 500,000

ZIM-08/H01 HEALTH Male Empowerment, mitigation, care and support 150,000 for the HIV infected and affected

ZIM-08/H02 HEALTH Support to Adolescent Reproductive Health in 180,000 Harare Peri-Urban

ZIM-08/WS02 WATER AND SANITATION Integrated Water and Sanitation (IWASA) 200,000

Subtotal for Africare 1,030,000

APOC

ZIM-08/A13 AGRICULTURE Achieving increased food security and nutrition 149,700 through access to improved planting material of sweet potato.

Subtotal for APOC 149,700

ZIMBABWE

Table VI: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by appealing organisation) as of 15 November 2007 http://www. reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 2 of 11 Project Code Sector Name Project Title Original Requirements (US$)

ASAP

ZIM-08/A14 AGRICULTURE Health and Nutrition Development Initiative 52,200 (HANDEI)

Subtotal for ASAP 52,200

CARE

ZIM-08/A16 AGRICULTURE Community Economic Capacity Enhancement for 287,000 livelihood security through savings led microfinance services

ZIM-08/H22 HEALTH Nutrition Support and Education for Community 266,900 Home Based Care Programme

Subtotal for CARE 553,900

Christian Care

ZIM-08/WS03 WATER AND SANITATION Response to Emergency Water & Sanitation Crisis 420,000 in Greater Harare.

ZIM-08/WS04 WATER AND SANITATION Response to Emergency Gokwe N emergency 350,000 Water & Sanitation Crisis

Subtotal for Christian Care 770,000

CIAT

ZIM-08/A29 AGRICULTURE Improving food security through increased 74,930 productivity, on-farm diversification and linkages to markets

Subtotal for CIAT 74,930

CONCERN

ZIM-08/A17 AGRICULTURE Improving Food Security of the Rural Poor in 330,000 Zimbabwe

Subtotal for CONCERN 330,000

CRS

ZIM-08/A18 AGRICULTURE Community level Vaccination of Poultry 178,800

ZIM-08/WS05 WATER AND SANITATION Emergency Assistance to Vulnerable Populations – 452,400 WATSAN and Hygiene Education

Subtotal for CRS 631,200

ZIMBABWE

Table VI: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by appealing organisation) as of 15 November 2007 http://www. reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 3 of 11 Project Code Sector Name Project Title Original Requirements (US$)

CTDT

ZIM-08/A19 AGRICULTURE Sustainable Farming Systems to Enhance 200,000 Household Food Security

Subtotal for CTDT 200,000

DAPP

ZIM-08/A20 AGRICULTURE Food Security Project through DAPP Farmers Club 1,301,916 Programme.

Subtotal for DAPP 1,301,916

ZIM-08/A21 AGRICULTURE Support to small grains production in semi-arid 75,000 areas as a food security measure.

Subtotal for EA 75,000

FACHIG

ZIM-08/A22 AGRICULTURE Agricultural Inputs Assistance to Vulnerable 45,000 Households in Mashonaland Central Province

Subtotal for FACHIG 45,000

ZIMBABWE

Table VI: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by appealing organisation) as of 15 November 2007 http://www. reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 4 of 11 Project Code Sector Name Project Title Original Requirements (US$)

FAO

ZIM-08/A01 AGRICULTURE Provision of Basic Agricultural Inputs and Extension 35,500,000 Support to Smallholder Farmers in the Communal Sector

ZIM-08/A02 AGRICULTURE Improved Food Security and Livelihood for Rural 782,000 Communities, through Advanced Land Use and Management Practices (Conservation Farming)

ZIM-08/A03 AGRICULTURE Improved Community management of cattle dip 280,000 tanks and dipping service provision in communal areas in Zimbabwe

ZIM-08/A04 AGRICULTURE Emergency Control of Epidemic Foot-and-Mouth 880,000 Disease (FMD) in Zimbabwe.

ZIM-08/A05 AGRICULTURE General Monitoring System 100,000

ZIM-08/A06 AGRICULTURE Progressive elimination of New Castle Disease and 300,000 Avian Influenza awareness in the Rural Areas of Zimbabwe

ZIM-08/A07 AGRICULTURE Improving Dietary Diversity For HIV Affected Rural 250,000 Households

Subtotal for FAO 38,092,000

FCTZ

ZIM-08/A23 AGRICULTURE Promoting Food Security among vulnerable groups 600,000

Subtotal for FCTZ 600,000

HFRC

ZIM-08/A15 AGRICULTURE Nutrition gardens using less water with gravity drip 45,300 irrigation and organic methods

Subtotal for HFRC 45,300

HKI

ZIM-08/H24 HEALTH Community Therapeutic Care 500,000

Subtotal for HKI 500,000

ZIMBABWE

Table VI: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by appealing organisation) as of 15 November 2007 http://www. reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 5 of 11 Project Code Sector Name Project Title Original Requirements (US$)

IOM

ZIM-08/E08 EDUCATION Increasing Access to Quality Education for Children 987,000 of Mobile and Vulnerable Population communities

ZIM-08/ER/I05 ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND Facilitating Stabilization and Reintegration of Mobile 3,787,000 INFRASTRUCTURE and Vulnerable Populations (MVPs) through Livelihood Provision and Promotion

ZIM-08/H03 HEALTH Addressing Community and Environmental Health 782,250 Needs of Mobile and Vulnerable Populations (MVPs)

ZIM-08/H04 HEALTH Combating and Preventing Public Health Threats at 782,250 Border Regions in Zimbabwe

ZIM-08/H05 HEALTH Mitigation and Support Program for Mobile and 640,500 Vulnerable Populations Infected and Affected by HIV and AIDS

ZIM-08/H21 HEALTH Addressing the Nutritional Needs of Vulnerable and 661,500 Hard to Reach Populations

ZIM-08/MS01 MULTI-SECTOR Humanitarian Assistance to Returned Migrants and 3,835,650 Mobile Populations at the South Africa-Zimbabwe Border (Beitbridge)

ZIM-08/MS02 MULTI-SECTOR Responding to HIV/AIDS in the Informal Cross- 1,050,000 border Trade Sector in Zimbabwe

ZIM-08/MS03 MULTI-SECTOR Facilitating Temporary and Safe Migration of 1,323,000 Zimbabwean Farm Workers to Limpopo Province

ZIM-08/MS04 MULTI-SECTOR Reintegration Assistance to Returnees: Revolving 5,565,000 Livestock Scheme

ZIM-08/MS05 MULTI-SECTOR Reintegration Assistance to Returnees: Micro- 1,335,600 Finance

ZIM-08/MS06 MULTI-SECTOR Emergency Assistance to Mobile and Vulnerable 12,115,000 Populations in Zimbabwe: Relief, Reintegration and Community Health

ZIM-08/MS07 MULTI-SECTOR Supporting Community Stabilization and 5,775,000 Reintegration of Mobile and Vulnerable Populations (MVPs) through the Provision of Semi-Permanent Shelter and Human Capital Enhancement

ZIM-08/MS08 MULTI-SECTOR Humanitarian Assistance to Returned Migrants and 3,045,000 Mobile Populations at the Botswana-Zimbabwe Border (Plumtree)

ZIM-08/MS09 MULTI-SECTOR Promoting rights among potential migrants and 525,000 other mobile populations

ZIM-08/P/HR/RL06 PROTECTION/HUMAN Prevention and Protection of Children from the Risk 735,000 RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW and Realties of Child Trafficking

Subtotal for IOM 42,944,750

ZIMBABWE

Table VI: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by appealing organisation) as of 15 November 2007 http://www. reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 6 of 11 Project Code Sector Name Project Title Original Requirements (US$)

IWSD

ZIM-08/WS06 WATER AND SANITATION Providing sanitary pads to School girls & Lifestray 1,150,000 Filters To School Children

ZIM-08/WS07 WATER AND SANITATION Improving drinking water quality for urban 1,150,000 households using Berckerfied Household Filters.

ZIM-08/WS08 WATER AND SANITATION Upgrading Wastewater Treatment Units at Rural 900,000 Growth Points in Zimbabwe

Subtotal for IWSD 3,200,000

LDS

ZIM-08/F01 FOOD Vulnerable Group Feeding In Zvishavane 2,000,000

Subtotal for LDS 2,000,000

Linkage Trust

ZIM-08/H25 HEALTH Assisting families without parents to cope with 180,000 Nutritional Emergencies.

ZIM-08/H26 HEALTH The supply of Micro Nutrient Enriched Meals from 125,000 homegrown Nutritional Gardens to provide rapid response for home based Intervention in Malnutrition.

Subtotal for Linkage Trust 305,000

Mercy Corps

ZIM-08/A24 AGRICULTURE Food Security and Livelihood Independence 1,029,700 Programme For Vulnerable Households in South- Eastern Zimbabwe

ZIM-08/MS10 MULTI-SECTOR The NGO Joint Initiative For Urban Zimbabwe 6,400,000 Phase II

ZIM-08/WS09 WATER AND SANITATION Water and Community Health 1,015,409

Subtotal for Mercy Corps 8,445,109

MWANA PROJECT

ZIM-08/F02 FOOD School Supplementary Feeding Programme 207,000

Subtotal for MWANA PROJECT 207,000

ZIMBABWE

Table VI: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by appealing organisation) as of 15 November 2007 http://www. reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 7 of 11 Project Code Sector Name Project Title Original Requirements (US$)

NPA

ZIM-08/F03 FOOD Child Supplementary Feeding Project of Children of 1,600,000 School going age.

Subtotal for NPA 1,600,000

OCHA

ZIM-08/CSS01 COORDINATION AND Facilitation and coordination humanitarian 2,481,427 SUPPORT SERVICES assistance to populations affected by disasters and emergencies; advocacy for the protection of vulnerable populations; and information management.

Subtotal for OCHA 2,481,427

OXFAM UK

ZIM-08/WS11 WATER AND SANITATION Public Health response For Zimbabwe 802,399 Humanitarian Crisis

Subtotal for OXFAM UK 802,399

Plan

ZIM-08/H27 HEALTH Campaign against malnutrition among under fives, 250,000 lactating and pregnant mothers-Mutoko District

Subtotal for Plan 250,000

PSDC

ZIM-08/A08 AGRICULTURE Promotion and strengthening of application of 114,750 sustainable farming practices in Muzarabani District

Subtotal for PSDC 114,750

SAFIRE

ZIM-08/A25 AGRICULTURE Market linkages for Smallholder Farmers 215,723

Subtotal for SAFIRE 215,723

ZIMBABWE

Table VI: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by appealing organisation) as of 15 November 2007 http://www. reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 8 of 11 Project Code Sector Name Project Title Original Requirements (US$)

SAT

ZIM-08/A26 AGRICULTURE Sustainable Food Security for Small-holder 250,000 communal farmers

Subtotal for SAT 250,000

SC - Norway

ZIM-08/E02 EDUCATION Retaining OVC in difficult circumstances accessing 140,000 basic education, with a focus on girls

ZIM-08/E03 EDUCATION Provision of school textbooks and school facilities 134,000

ZIM-08/P/HR/RL04 PROTECTION/HUMAN Protection Of Disabled Children From Abuse 164,300 RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW

Subtotal for SC - Norway 438,300

SC - UK

ZIM-08/A27 AGRICULTURE Binga – Nyaminyami Livelihoods Support Project 1,000,000

ZIM-08/A28 AGRICULTURE Binga – Nyaminyami Water and Sanitation Project 750,000

ZIM-08/E01 EDUCATION Improved access to quality education for vulnerable 925,000 children in Binga, Nyaminyami and Victoria Falls districts.

ZIM-08/H28 HEALTH Support to reduce malnutrition related to HIV and 330,000 inadequate child care practices

ZIM-08/P/HR/RL01 PROTECTION/HUMAN Building capacity to address vulnerability of children 1,250,120 RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW in urban communities affected by HIV AIDS, displacement and resettlement

ZIM-08/P/HR/RL02 PROTECTION/HUMAN Protection of Children Who Are Moving Illegally 800,000 RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW Across the Zimbabwe Border (excluding South African border)

ZIM-08/P/HR/RL03 PROTECTION/HUMAN Promotion Of The Rights to Care and Protection of 1,100,000 RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW Children with Disabilities in Urban Areas

Subtotal for SC - UK 6,155,120

The J.F. Kapnek Trust

ZIM-08/E04 EDUCATION Early Childhood Education Centers as a Focal Point 200,000 for Community HIV/AIDS Interventions 2008

Subtotal for The J.F. Kapnek Trust 200,000

ZIMBABWE

Table VI: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by appealing organisation) as of 15 November 2007 http://www. reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 9 of 11 Project Code Sector Name Project Title Original Requirements (US$)

UMC

ZIM-08/H23 HEALTH Advocating for improved health through positive 150,000 behaviour change towards nutrition

ZIM-08/P/HR/RL05 PROTECTION/HUMAN Improving lives of orphans through training of home 90,000 RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW mothers and staff at UMC homes for orphans in child care, nutrition gardening and prevention of child abuse.

Subtotal for UMC 240,000

UNFPA

ZIM-08/H06 HEALTH Improving Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care 630,000 services

ZIM-08/H07 HEALTH Engendering HIV Prevention and Reducing 879,540 Women’s Vulnerability in 12 Districts not Covered by the Existing Major HIV Prevention Programmes

ZIM-08/H08 HEALTH Addressing sexual and reproductive health needs of 600,000 mobile and vulnerable populations in Zimbabwe

ZIM-08/P/HR/RL07 PROTECTION/HUMAN Protecting and promoting sexual and reproductive 600,000 RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW health among mobile and vulnerable populations by addressing gender-based violence directed at women and girls

Subtotal for UNFPA 2,709,540

UN-HABITAT

ZIM-08/ER/I01 ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND Restored and improved livelihoods for members of 240,000 INFRASTRUCTURE cooperative housing organisations

ZIM-08/ER/I02 ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND Livelihoods Skills Training 245,000 INFRASTRUCTURE

ZIM-08/ER/I03 ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND Livelihoods support through provision of transitional 650,000 INFRASTRUCTURE shelter for the vulnerable groups in Hatcliff and Hopley

ZIM-08/ER/I04 ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND Strengthening the capacity of community based 560,000 INFRASTRUCTURE initiatives in housing delivery

ZIM-08/P/HR/RL09 PROTECTION/HUMAN Restoration of land rights for sustainable 500,000 RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW settlements in Hopley

Subtotal for UN-HABITAT 2,195,000

ZIMBABWE

Table VI: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by appealing organisation) as of 15 November 2007 http://www. reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 10 of 11 Project Code Sector Name Project Title Original Requirements (US$)

UNHCR

ZIM-08/MS11 MULTI-SECTOR Protection and Assistance to Refugees in 2,109,370 Zimbabwe

Subtotal for UNHCR 2,109,370

UNICEF

ZIM-08/E05 EDUCATION Emergency Preparedness for Schools 740,000

ZIM-08/E06 EDUCATION Equity and Quality Education, Keep All OVC, 940,000 especially Girls in school.

ZIM-08/E07 EDUCATION Equity and quality in schools affected by disasters 935,000

ZIM-08/H09 HEALTH Malaria Control in Vulnerable Groups through ITN 1,500,000 Promotion

ZIM-08/H10 HEALTH Reaching the vulnerable children and women of 3,416,310 child bearing age with immunization to prevent EPI target disease outbreaks

ZIM-08/H11 HEALTH Community home based care and counselling for 740,000 people living with HIV/AIDS including children and young people.

ZIM-08/H12 HEALTH HIV-related information materials and supplies for 335,000 vulnerable girls

ZIM-08/H13 HEALTH Improving child survival by strengthening neonatal 1,000,000 health care

ZIM-08/H14 HEALTH Prevention of Mother to Child transmission of HIV 380,000 and Paediatric HIV/AIDS Care

ZIM-08/H29 HEALTH Nutrition care and support to PLWHA 245,000

ZIM-08/H30 HEALTH Emergency Nutrition Coordination 200,000

ZIM-08/H31 HEALTH Hospital and Community Based Management of 980,000 Acute Malnutrition

ZIM-08/H32 HEALTH Zimbabwe Nutrition Sentinel Site Surveillance 300,000 System

ZIM-08/P/HR/RL08 PROTECTION/HUMAN Prevention of Sexual and Gender Based Violence 1,250,000 RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW (SGBV)

ZIM-08/WS10 WATER AND SANITATION Provision of emergency safe water supply, 2,780,000 sanitation facilities and hygiene education to targeted vulnerable populations in urban and rural areas of Zimbabwe.

Subtotal for UNICEF 15,741,310

ZIMBABWE

Table VI: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2008 List of Projects (grouped by appealing organisation) as of 15 November 2007 http://www. reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Page 11 of 11 Project Code Sector Name Project Title Original Requirements (US$)

WFP

ZIM-08/F04 FOOD Food Support for Vulnerable Groups 168,009,083

Subtotal for WFP 168,009,083

WHO

ZIM-08/H15 HEALTH Strengthen Emergency Preparedness and 1,833,124 Response in the health sector in the most affected districts

ZIM-08/H16 HEALTH Procurement of ARVs for 30,000 adults currently on 2,493,100 ART

ZIM-08/H17 HEALTH Strengthening emergency immunization services in 591,420 the affected districts with low EPI coverage

ZIM-08/H18 HEALTH Emergency Health Information, Disease and 1,116,416 nutritional Surveillance System

ZIM-08/H19 HEALTH Procurement of vital drugs and medical supplies 894,520

ZIM-08/H20 HEALTH Malaria Control in malaria epidemic prone districts 1,900,000

Subtotal for WHO 8,828,580

Grand Total 316,561,178

ZIMBABWE

ANNEX I

DONOR RESPONSE TO 2007 APPEAL

Table I: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 Summary of Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges – by Appealing Organisation, with funding status of each as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations Page 1 of 2

Appealing Organisation Original Revised Funding % Unmet Uncommitted Requirements Requirements Covered Requirements Pledges

Values in US$ A B C C/B B-C D

AAI-Z 230,000 230,000 - 0% 230,000 - ACF - 710,342 710,342 100% - - ADRA 1,400,000 1,400,000 - 0% 1,400,000 - Africare 3,679,550 3,679,550 - 0% 3,679,550 - APOC 109,400 109,400 - 0% 109,400 - CARE - 280,374 280,374 100% - - CARE - 1,780,524 1,780,524 100% - - Caritas Denmark - 428,955 428,955 100% - - CGMT - 970,471 - 0% 970,471 - Childline - Zimbabwe 38,700 38,700 - 0% 38,700 - Chr. Aid 196,776 196,776 - 0% 196,776 - Christian Care 1,766,838 1,766,838 - 0% 1,766,838 - Danhiko Project 23,000 23,000 - 0% 23,000 - EuronAid - 1,516,227 1,516,227 100% - - FACHIG 45,000 45,000 - 0% 45,000 - FAO 38,715,000 39,215,000 2,252,676 6% 36,962,324 268,817 FOSENET 58,000 58,000 - 0% 58,000 - FOST 3,797,746 3,797,746 - 0% 3,797,746 - GAA 1,600,076 2,978,945 2,978,945 100% - - GCN 500,000 500,000 - 0% 500,000 - GOAL 1,366,808 2,038,851 672,043 33% 1,366,808 - HELP 1,404,775 3,245,638 2,619,872 81% 625,766 - HelpAge International 942,126 942,126 - 0% 942,126 - HKI 500,000 500,000 - 0% 500,000 - HoH 429,238 429,238 - 0% 429,238 - ILO 1,100,000 1,100,000 - 0% 1,100,000 - IOM 35,045,350 35,165,230 8,174,833 23% 26,990,397 - IPA 91,124 91,124 - 0% 91,124 - JJA - 90,000 90,000 100% - - JOIN - 293,126 293,126 100% - - LGDA 363,561 363,561 - 0% 363,561 - LHH 104,250 104,250 - 0% 104,250 - Linkage Trust 240,000 240,000 - 0% 240,000 - MACO 272,640 272,640 - 0% 272,640 - Mercy Corps 10,435,409 10,435,409 5,217,143 50% 5,218,266 - Mvuramanzi Trust 1,037,030 1,037,030 - 0% 1,037,030 - NANGO 80,000 80,000 - 0% 80,000 - NCDPZ 150,000 150,000 - 0% 150,000 - NEST 38,000 38,000 - 0% 38,000 - NGO Consortium - 11,725,994 11,725,994 100% - - NPA 2,775,000 2,775,000 1,214,058 44% 1,560,942 -

ZIMBABWE

Table I: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 Summary of Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges - by Appealing Organisation, with funding status of each as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations Page 2 of 2

Appealing Organisation Original Revised Funding % Unmet Uncommitted Requirements Requirements Covered Requirements Pledges

Values in US$ A B C C/B B-C D

OCHA 2,618,242 2,618,242 2,752,487 100% (134,245) - OXFAM - 183,246 183,246 100% - - OXFAM UK 4,100,000 4,638,260 1,082,773 23% 3,555,487 - PA (formerly ITDG) 1,710,339 1,710,339 370,000 22% 1,340,339 - PLAN Zimbabwe 400,000 400,000 - 0% 400,000 - RUDAC 840,000 840,000 - 0% 840,000 - SAFIRE 569,640 569,640 - 0% 569,640 - SC - UK 7,352,946 7,352,946 716,332 10% 6,636,614 - SRHBC 500,000 500,000 - 0% 500,000 - Trocaire - 358,549 358,549 100% - - UNDP 1,400,000 1,400,000 - 0% 1,400,000 - UNDSS 50,260 50,260 - 0% 50,260 - UNFPA 630,000 980,000 349,992 36% 630,008 - UN-HABITAT 532,000 532,000 - 0% 532,000 - UNHCR 1,510,000 2,178,276 1,407,742 65% 770,534 - UNICEF 13,705,076 20,205,655 10,978,746 54% 9,226,909 - UNIDO 700,000 700,000 - 0% 700,000 - WFP 55,942,972 197,530,432 147,933,837 75% 49,596,595 141,844 WHO 8,014,012 13,242,124 500,000 4% 12,742,124 - WLZ 150,000 150,000 - 0% 150,000 - WV 4,900,000 7,381,710 6,553,615 89% 828,095 - ZFFHC 250,000 250,000 - 0% 250,000 - ZNCWC 65,169 65,169 - 0% 65,169 - GRAND TOTAL 214,476,053 394,679,913 213,142,431 54% 181,537,482 410,661

NOTE: "Funding" means Contributions + Commitments + Carry-over

Pledge: a non-binding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). Commitment: creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. Contribution: the actual payment of funds or transfer of in-kind goods from the donor to the recipient entity.

ZIMBABWE

Table II: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 Summary of Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges - by Sector, with funding status of each as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations

Sector Original Revised Funding % Unmet Uncommitted Requirements Requirements Covered Requirements Pledges

Value in US$ A B C C/B B-C D

AGRICULTURE 53,472,305 57,463,453 8,376,823 15% 49,086,630 268,817 COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES 2,966,242 2,966,242 2,807,487 95% 158,755 - ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE 6,810,000 6,810,000 - 0% 6,810,000 - EDUCATION 2,909,601 4,092,101 - 0% 4,092,101 - FOOD 62,822,612 208,556,602 154,277,026 74% 54,279,576 141,844 HEALTH 24,550,239 34,093,140 9,115,224 27% 24,977,916 - MULTI-SECTOR 36,415,350 51,830,203 24,887,389 48% 26,942,814 - PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW 7,939,815 8,071,805 2,799,042 35% 5,272,763 -

SAFETY AND SECURITY OF STAFF & OPERATIONS 50,260 750,861 - 0% 750,861 -

SECTOR NOT YET SPECIFIED - - 14,360 0% (14,360) - SHELTER AND NON-FOOD ITEMS 7,202,000 7,874,043 4,267,101 54% 3,606,942 - WATER AND SANITATION 9,337,629 12,171,463 6,597,979 54% 5,573,484 -

GRAND TOTAL 214,476,053 394,679,913 213,142,431 54% 181,537,482 410,661

NOTE: "Funding" means Contributions + Commitments + Carry-over

ZIMBABWE

Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 1 of 12

PROJECT CODE: Appealing Original Revised Funding % Unmet Uncommitted Project Title Agency Requirements Requirements Covered Requirements Pledges Values in US$

AGRICULTURE

ZIM-07/A01 (TS): Achieving increased food security and nutrition through APOC 109,400 109,400 - 0% 109,400 - access to improved planting material of sweet potato, cassava and vegetables ZIM-07/A02 (ER/TS): Emergency Agriculture and Nutritional Support Project AAI-Z 230,000 230,000 - 0% 230,000 - (EANSP)

ZIM-07/A03 (TS): Access to Nutrition and Home based care for the HIV/AIDS Africare 1,000,000 1,000,000 - 0% 1,000,000 - affected households (Zvishavane district)

ZIM-07/A04 (TS): Midlands Integrated Relief Action (MIRA II) – Food security Africare 2,499,550 2,499,550 - 0% 2,499,550 - enhancement (Mberengwa and Shurugwi districts)

ZIM-07/A05 (TS): Food Security through Sustainable Livelihoods’ Consortium Chr. Aid 196,776 196,776 - 0% 196,776 - Programme

ZIM-07/A06 (TS): Drought Recovery and Food Security Programme Christian Care 1,766,838 1,766,838 - 0% 1,766,838 -

ZIM-07/A07 (TS): Support for Households to improve nutrition and food security FOST 382,000 382,000 - 0% 382,000 - in Response to HIV & AIDS in Mutasa, Mutare Rural and Makoni Districts in Manicaland ZIM-07/A08 (TS): Agricultural recovery through the provision of agricultural FACHIG 45,000 45,000 - 0% 45,000 - inputs (seeds and fertilizers) to food insecure smallholder farmers. ZIM-07/A09 (TS): Emergency Control of Epidemic Foot-and-Mouth Disease FAO 940,000 940,000 - 0% 940,000 - (FMD) in Zimbabwe.

ZIM-07/A10 (TS): Mitigating the impact of HIV and AIDS through integrated FAO 500,000 500,000 - 0% 500,000 - small livestock production and gardens

ZIM-07/A11 (TS): Improved Community management of cattle dip tanks and FAO 185,000 185,000 - 0% 185,000 - dipping service provision in communal areas in Zimbabwe

ZIM-07/A12 (TS): New Castle Disease Control in Rural Areas of Zimbabwe FAO 290,000 290,000 393,840 136% (103,840) -

ZIM-07/A13 (TS): Provision of Basic Agricultural Inputs and Extension Support FAO 36,000,000 36,000,000 1,658,836 5% 34,341,164 - to Smallholder Farmers in the Communal Sector

ZIM-07/A14 (TS): Improved Food Security and Livelihood for Rural Communities, FAO 800,000 800,000 - 0% 800,000 268,817 through Advanced Land Use and Management Practices (Conservation Farming) ZIM-07/A15 (TS): Hurungwe and Makoni Agricultural Recovery Project GOAL 746,487 746,487 - 0% 746,487 -

ZIM-07/A16 (TS): Homestead food production to improve household food and HKI 500,000 500,000 - 0% 500,000 - nutrition security The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 15 November 2007. For continuously updated information on projects funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

ZIMBABWE

Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 2 of 12

PROJECT CODE: Appealing Original Revised Funding % Unmet Uncommitted Project Title Agency Requirements Requirements Covered Requirements Pledges Values in US$

AGRICULTURE (Continued)

ZIM-07/A17 (TS): Dula herbal and nutritional garden HelpAge 18,000 18,000 - 0% 18,000 - International

ZIM-07/A18 (TS): Matopo and Kumbudzi Herbal and Nutritional Gardens. HelpAge 38,000 38,000 - 0% 38,000 - International

ZIM-07/A19 (TS): Livelihoods Support HelpAge 886,126 886,126 - 0% 886,126 - International

ZIM-07/A20 (TS): Food and Livelihood Security for Disadvantaged Communities HoH 429,238 429,238 - 0% 429,238 - Through Conservation Farming.

ZIM-07/A21 (TS): Small Livestock Support Pilot Project LHH 104,250 104,250 - 0% 104,250 -

ZIM-07/A22 (TS): Support for Agriculture Inputs for Smallholder farmers in NEST 38,000 38,000 - 0% 38,000 - communal lands

ZIM-07/A23 (TS): Towards Sustainable Livelihoods in the fight against HIV and FOSENET 58,000 58,000 - 0% 58,000 - AIDS

ZIM-07/A24 (TS): Access to agriculture and food security for Insiza poor, RUDAC 420,000 420,000 - 0% 420,000 - vulnerable rural communities

ZIM-07/A25 (TS): Access to agriculture and food security for Umzingwane poor, RUDAC 420,000 420,000 - 0% 420,000 - vulnerable rural communities

ZIM-07/A26 (TS): Livelihoods support for vulnerable groups in Binga and SC - UK 2,400,000 2,400,000 716,332 30% 1,683,668 - Nyaminyami districts.

ZIM-07/A27 (TS): Market linkages for Smallholder Farmers SAFIRE 569,640 569,640 - 0% 569,640 -

ZIM-07/A28 (TS): Emergency Agricultural Recovery Programme WV 1,500,000 3,981,710 3,981,710 100% - -

ZIM-07/A29 (TS): Conservation farming in drought prone areas WV 400,000 400,000 416,667 104% (16,667) -

ZIM-07/A30 (TS): Support to Goat Production of Vulnerable Food Insecure FAO - 300,000 - 0% 300,000 - Households in the Marginal Rainfall Areas of Zimbabwe

ZIM-07/A31(TS): Supporting the MVP communities with fertiliser, technical FAO - 200,000 200,000 100% - - training and extension to increase yield

ZIM-07/A32 (TS): Agricultural inputs and rehabilitation programme HELP - 919,438 919,438 100% - -

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 15 November 2007. For continuously updated information on projects funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

ZIMBABWE

Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 3 of 12

PROJECT CODE: Appealing Original Revised Funding % Unmet Uncommitted Project Title Agency Requirements Requirements Covered Requirements Pledges Values in US$

AGRICULTURE (Continued) ZIM-07/A33 (TS): Project for irrigation scheme for Silobela Old Peoples Home JJA - 90,000 90,000 100% - - Farm (electric pumps, water pipes and rubber hosepipes for rehabilitating three boreholes) ZIM-07/FAO: Awaiting allocation to specific projects FAO - - - 0% - -

Subtotal for AGRICULTURE 53,472,305 57,463,453 8,376,823 15% 49,086,630 268,817

COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES

ZIM-07/CSS01 (ER/TS): Coordination of Humanitarian Support in Rural Zimbabwe NANGO 80,000 80,000 - 0% 80,000 -

ZIM-07/CSS02 (ER/TS): Strengthening WES, nutrition, education and protection UNICEF 268,000 268,000 55,000 21% 213,000 - (child protection) cluster coordination

ZIM-07/CSS03 (ER/TS): Facilitation and coordination humanitarian assistance to OCHA 2,618,242 2,618,242 2,752,487 105% (134,245) - populations affected by disasters and emergencies; advocacy for the protection of vulnerable populations; and information management Subtotal for COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES 2,966,242 2,966,242 2,807,487 95% 158,755 -

ZIMBABWE

Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 4 of 12

PROJECT CODE: Appealing Original Revised Funding % Unmet Uncommitted Project Title Agency Requirements Requirements Covered Requirements Pledges Values in US$

ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE

ZIM-07/ER/I01 (TS): Turning solid waste into assets ILO 1,100,000 1,100,000 - 0% 1,100,000 -

ZIM-07/ER/I02 (TS): Restoration of Livelihoods of MVP in Urban and Rural IOM 3,150,000 3,150,000 - 0% 3,150,000 - Communities

ZIM-07/ER/I03 (TS): Community Peace Building and Conflict Transformation UNDP 600,000 600,000 - 0% 600,000 - Project.

ZIM-07/ER/I04 (TS): Livelihood Recovery for Informal Traders UNDP 500,000 500,000 - 0% 500,000 -

ZIM-07/ER/I05 (TS): Rehabilitation of small-scale irrigation schemes in Manicaland UNDP 300,000 300,000 - 0% 300,000 - and Midlands

ZIM-07/ER/I06 (TS): Supporting security of tenure for the vulnerable groups in UN-HABITAT 260,000 260,000 - 0% 260,000 - Hopley

ZIM-07/ER/I07 (TS): Livelihoods Recovery Program for “Murambatsvina” affected UNIDO 700,000 700,000 - 0% 700,000 - furniture making artisans

ZIM-07/ER/I08 (TS): Vocational Training and Micro Enterprise Development for WV 200,000 200,000 - 0% 200,000 - HIV/AIDS affected Households.

Subtotal for ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE 6,810,000 6,810,000 - 0% 6,810,000 -

ZIMBABWE

Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 5 of 12

PROJECT CODE: Appealing Original Revised Funding % Unmet Uncommitted Project Title Agency Requirements Requirements Covered Requirements Pledges Values in US$

EDUCATION

ZIM-07/E01 (TS): Parenting Education FOST 263,250 263,250 - 0% 263,250 -

ZIM-07/E02 (TS): Life skills and Vocational training for OVC and Youths in Farm FOST 225,625 225,625 - 0% 225,625 - Communities

ZIM-07/E03 (ER/TS): Empowerment Program for OVC especially girls on Education, GCN 500,000 500,000 - 0% 500,000 - Child Abuse and HIV/AIDS

ZIM-07/E04 (ER/TS): Enhancing quality early childhood development for community IPA 91,124 91,124 - 0% 91,124 - initiated centers

ZIM-07/E05 (TS): Education Assistance to OVCs LGDA 363,561 363,561 - 0% 363,561 -

ZIM-07/E06 (ER/TS): Equity and Quality Education: Keep All OVC, especially Girls UNICEF 1,083,375 1,083,375 - 0% 1,083,375 - in school

ZIM-07/E07 (ER/TS): Parenting Education UNICEF 382,666 382,666 - 0% 382,666 -

ZIM-07/E08 (ER): Emergency Preparedness for Schools UNICEF - 1,000,000 - 0% 1,000,000 -

ZIM-07/E09 (TS): Secondary Teacher Training Environmental Education UNICEF - 182,500 - 0% 182,500 - Programme (ST2EEP)

Subtotal for EDUCATION 2,909,601 4,092,101 - 0% 4,092,101 -

ZIMBABWE

Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 6 of 12

PROJECT CODE: Appealing Original Revised Funding % Unmet Uncommitted Project Title Agency Requirements Requirements Covered Requirements Pledges Values in US$

FOOD

ZIM-07/F01 (ER): Targeted Supplementary Feeding ADRA 1,400,000 1,400,000 - 0% 1,400,000 -

ZIM-07/F02 (ER): Extension of a Feeding Programme for vulnerable HIV/AIDS- HELP 482,000 691,964 691,964 100% - - patients under ARV-treatment

ZIM-07/F03 (ER): Fighting Malnutrition: Restoring Healthy Lives MACO 272,640 272,640 - 0% 272,640 -

ZIM-07/F04 (ER): Child Supplementary Feeding Project of children of school NPA 2,775,000 2,775,000 1,214,058 44% 1,560,942 - going age

ZIM-07/F05 (ER): Humanitarian Assistance for Urban Populations OXFAM UK 1,200,000 1,200,000 - 0% 1,200,000 -

ZIM-07/F06 (ER/TS): Home Based Care Supplementary feeding and sustainable SRHBC 500,000 500,000 - 0% 500,000 - agricultural support

ZIM-07/F07 (ER/TS): Buhera mitigation and livelihood project ZFFHC 250,000 250,000 - 0% 250,000 -

ZIM-07/F08 (ER): Food support for vulnerable groups WFP 55,942,972 197,029,831 147,933,837 75% 49,095,994 141,844

ZIM-07/F09 (ER): Food aid Caritas - 428,955 428,955 100% - -

ZIM-07/F10 (ER): Food aid CARE - 1,780,524 1,780,524 100% - -

ZIM-07/F11 (ER): Food aid HELP - 711,461 711,461 100% - -

ZIM-07/F12 (ER): Food aid EuronAid - 1,516,227 1,516,227 100% - -

Subtotal for FOOD 62,822,612 208,556,602 154,277,026 74% 54,279,576 141,844

ZIMBABWE

Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 7 of 12

PROJECT CODE: Appealing Original Revised Funding % Unmet Uncommitted Project Title Agency Requirements Requirements Covered Requirements Pledges Values in US$

HEALTH

ZIM-07/H01 (TS): Support to Adolescent Reproductive Health in Harare Peri- Africare 180,000 180,000 - 0% 180,000 - Urban

ZIM-07/H02 (ER/TS): Support and care for chronically ill FOST 806,250 806,250 - 0% 806,250 -

ZIM-07/H03 (ER/TS): Medical outreach programme HELP 498,000 498,000 - 0% 498,000 -

ZIM-07/H04 (ER): Addressing Community and Environmental Health Needs of IOM 660,000 660,000 - 0% 660,000 - populations affected by operation Murambatsvina/Restore order ZIM-07/H05 (ER/TS): Integrated Community Home Based Care Project OXFAM UK 700,000 700,000 - 0% 700,000 -

ZIM-07/H06 (TS): Child health in Kwekwe District PLAN 400,000 400,000 - 0% 400,000 - Zimbabwe

ZIM-07/H07 (ER/TS): Improved Health for most vulnerable children and mothers in SC - UK 2,500,000 2,500,000 - 0% 2,500,000 - Binga and Nyaminyami districts

ZIM-07/H08 (ER): Malaria Control in Vulnerable Groups through ITN Promotion UNICEF 1,218,300 1,218,300 998,045 82% 220,255 -

ZIM-07/H09 (ER/TS): Improving child survival by strengthening neonatal health care UNICEF 390,600 390,600 - 0% 390,600 -

ZIM-07/H10 (TS): Community home based care and counselling for people living UNICEF 450,000 450,000 - 0% 450,000 - with HIV and AIDS including children

ZIM-07/H11 (ER/TS): Reaching the vulnerable children and women of child bearing UNICEF 2,503,135 6,036,165 6,251,683 104% (215,518) - age with immunization to prevent EPI target disease outbreaks

ZIM-07/H12 (TS): Prevention of Mother to Child transmission of HIV and UNICEF 380,000 380,000 197,368 52% 182,632 - Paediatric HIV/AIDS Care

ZIM-07/H13 (TS): Promotion of child health and care practices for children under UNICEF 370,000 370,000 197,369 53% 172,631 - five in the communities.

ZIM-07/H14 (ER): Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care UNFPA 630,000 630,000 - 0% 630,000 -

ZIM-07/H15 (ER/TS): Health Information and Surveillance System WHO 1,637,638 1,637,638 - 0% 1,637,638 -

ZIM-07/H16 (ER/TS): Procurement of vital drugs and medical supplies. WHO 957,650 957,650 - 0% 957,650 -

ZIMBABWE

Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 8 of 12

PROJECT CODE: Appealing Original Revised Funding % Unmet Uncommitted Project Title Agency Requirements Requirements Covered Requirements Pledges Values in US$

HEALTH (Continued)

ZIM-07/H17 (ER): Malaria Control in malaria epidemic prone districts WHO 1,900,000 1,900,000 - 0% 1,900,000 -

ZIM-07/H18 (TS): Strengthening routine immunization services WHO 1,095,600 1,095,600 - 0% 1,095,600 -

ZIM-07/H19 (TS): Strengthen EPR in the health sector WHO 1,833,124 1,833,124 - 0% 1,833,124 -

ZIM-07/H20 (ER/TS): Building/strengthening health sector partnerships WHO 340,000 340,000 - 0% 340,000 - (stakeholders)

ZIM-07/H21 (ER/TS): Reducing morbidity and mortality of under fives during the WHO 250,000 250,000 - 0% 250,000 - Humanitarian crisis

ZIM-07/H22 (ER/TS): Supplementary feeding for HBC and OVC FOST 2,120,621 2,120,621 - 0% 2,120,621 -

ZIM-07/H23 (ER/TS): Community Nutrition Support in Hurungwe and Makoni GOAL 620,321 620,321 - 0% 620,321 - Districts

ZIM-07/H24 (ER/TS): Provision of practical approach to balanced nutritious meals Linkage Trust 240,000 240,000 - 0% 240,000 - to vulnerable children in prevention or treatment of malnutrition ZIM-07/H25 (TS): Nutrition care and support to People Living with HIV/AIDS UNICEF 245,000 245,000 - 0% 245,000 -

ZIM-07/H26 (ER/TS): Zimbabwe Food and Nutrition Surveillance System UNICEF 189,000 319,084 319,084 100% - -

ZIM-07/H27 (ER/TS): Prevention and control of micronutrient deficiencies in the UNICEF 200,000 200,000 - 0% 200,000 - context of HIV and declining food insecurity

ZIM-07/H28 (ER/TS): Hospital and Community Based Management of Malnutrition UNICEF 435,000 435,000 - 0% 435,000 -

ZIM-07/H29 (ER/TS): Integrated Nutrition support for PLWHA WV 800,000 800,000 - 0% 800,000 -

ZIM-07/H30 (ER): Support the provision of adequate supplies of IV Fluids WHO - 5,228,112 500,000 10% 4,728,112 -

ZIM-07/H31 (ER): Medical support JOIN - 293,126 293,126 100% - -

ZIM-07/H32 (ER): Reduce rate and risks of malnutrition Trocaire - 358,549 358,549 100% - -

Subtotal for HEALTH 24,550,239 34,093,140 9,115,224 27% 24,977,916 -

ZIMBABWE

Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 9 of 12

PROJECT CODE: Appealing Original Revised Funding % Unmet Uncommitted Project Title Agency Requirements Requirements Covered Requirements Pledges Values in US$

MULTI-SECTOR

ZIM-07/MS01 (ER/TS): Reintegration Assistance to Returnees: Revolving Livestock IOM 5,300,000 5,300,000 200,000 4% 5,100,000 - Scheme

ZIM-07/MS02 (ER): Humanitarian Assistance to Returned Migrants and Mobile IOM 3,678,655 3,678,655 1,000,000 27% 2,678,655 - Populations at the South Africa-Zimbabwe border (Beitbridge)

ZIM-07/MS03 (ER/TS): Reintegration Assistance to Returnees: Micro-finance IOM 1,271,863 1,271,863 - 0% 1,271,863 -

ZIM-07/MS04 (TS): Responding to HIV and AIDS in the Informal Cross-border IOM 1,000,000 1,000,000 - 0% 1,000,000 - Trade Sector in Zimbabwe

ZIM-07/MS05 (ER): Emergency Assistance to Mobile and Vulnerable Populations IOM 10,500,000 10,500,000 2,079,775 20% 8,420,225 - in Zimbabwe, Relief, Reintegration, and Community Health

ZIM-07/MS06 (ER/TS)): Humanitarian Assistance to Returned Migrants and Mobile IOM 1,954,832 1,954,832 1,000,000 51% 954,832 - Populations at the Botswana-Zimbabwe border (Plumtree)

ZIM-07/MS07 (ER/TS): The NGO Joint Initiative Project for Urban Zimbabwe (JI) Mercy Corps 9,000,000 9,000,000 5,217,143 58% 3,782,857 -

ZIM-07/MS08 (ER/TS): Integrated Protracted Relief Programme - Masvingo, Gutu, OXFAM UK 2,200,000 1,543,324 1,082,773 70% 460,551 - Zvishavane and Mvuma districts

ZIM-07/MS09 (ER/TS): Local Settlement Programme for Refugees in Zimbabwe UNHCR 1,510,000 2,178,276 1,407,742 65% 770,534 -

ZIM-07/MS10 (ER/TS): Watsan and food security ACF - 710,342 710,342 100% - -

ZIM-07/MS11 (TS): Protracted Relief Programme NGO - 11,725,994 11,725,994 100% - - Consortium

ZIM-07/MS12 (ER): Mobile And Electronic Registration (E-Registration) IOM - 337,890 - 0% 337,890 -

ZIM-07/MS13 (ER/TS): Integrated Protracted Relief Programme - Chiredzi District OXFAM UK - 1,194,936 - 0% 1,194,936 -

ZIM-07/MS14 (ER/TS): Empowerment of MVPs OVCs, and PLWA (Family Life CGMT - 970,471 - 0% 970,471 - Development)

ZIM-07/MS15 (ER): Multisectoral assistance CARE - 280,374 280,374 100% - -

ZIM-07/MS16 (ER): Multisectoral assistance OXFAM - 183,246 183,246 100% - -

Subtotal for MULTI-SECTOR 36,415,350 51,830,203 24,887,389 48% 26,942,814 -

ZIMBABWE

Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 10 of 12

PROJECT CODE: Appealing Original Revised Funding % Unmet Uncommitted Project Title Agency Requirements Requirements Covered Requirements Pledges Values in US$

PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW

ZIM-07/P/HR/RL01 (TS): Provision of Psychosocial Support to OVC made Vulnerable by Childline - 38,700 38,700 - 0% 38,700 - HIV/AIDS Zimbabwe

ZIM-07/P/HR/RL02 (TS): All Count Danhiko Project 23,000 23,000 - 0% 23,000 -

ZIM-07/P/HR/RL03A (ER): Protecting and promoting sexual and reproductive health and IOM 600,000 381,990 300,000 79% 81,990 - rights among migrants, displaced and mobile populations in Zimbabwe ZIM-07/P/HR/RL03B (ER): Protecting and promoting sexual and reproductive health and UNFPA - 200,000 199,992 100% 8 - rights among migrants, displaced and mobile populations in Zimbabwe ZIM-07/P/HR/RL04 (TS): Strengthening Community Response for Orphans and Mercy Corps 420,000 420,000 - 0% 420,000 - Vulnerable Children

ZIM-07/P/HR/RL05 (TS): Child Protection for the Disabled Children programme NCDPZ 150,000 150,000 - 0% 150,000 -

ZIM-07/P/HR/RL06 (ER/TS): Protection of Children Who Are Moving Illegally Across the SC - UK 234,186 234,186 - 0% 234,186 - Zimbabwe-Mozambique Border

ZIM-07/P/HR/RL07 (ER/TS): Building Local capacities to address vulnerability of children in SC - UK 678,760 678,760 - 0% 678,760 - Urban communities affected by Operation Murambatsvina.

ZIM-07/P/HR/RL08 (ER/TS): Promotion Of The Rights to Care and Protection of Children SC - UK 1,540,000 1,540,000 - 0% 1,540,000 - with Disabilities in Urban Areas

ZIM-07/P/HR/RL09 (ER/TS): Prevention of Sexual and Gender Based Violence UNICEF 2,025,000 2,025,000 2,149,050 106% (124,050) -

ZIM-07/P/HR/RL10 (ER/TS): Improving the Conditions for Children in Child Labour UNICEF 750,000 750,000 - 0% 750,000 - Environments

ZIM-07/P/HR/RL11 (ER): Increasing Coping Capacity of Children Affected by Internal UNICEF 800,000 800,000 - 0% 800,000 - Displacements.

ZIM-07/P/HR/RL12 (ER/TS): Prevention of family separation and reunification of UNICEF 615,000 615,000 - 0% 615,000 - unaccompanied children outside of a family environment

ZIM-07/P/HR/RL13 (TS): Community Integration of Children under Residential Care ZNCWC 65,169 65,169 - 0% 65,169 -

ZIM-07/P/HR/RL14 (ER): Prevention of sexual and gender-based violence for people UNFPA - 150,000 150,000 100% - - affected by Operation Murambatsvina

Subtotal for PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW 7,939,815 8,071,805 2,799,042 35% 5,272,763 -

ZIMBABWE

Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 11 of 12

PROJECT CODE: Appealing Original Revised Funding % Unmet Uncommitted Project Title Agency Requirements Requirements Covered Requirements Pledges Values in US$

SAFETY AND SECURITY OF STAFF AND OPERATIONS

ZIM-07/S01 (ER/TS): Agency Common Shared Security Services UNDSS 50,260 50,260 - 0% 50,260 -

ZIM-07/S02 (ER/TS): Emergency (Inter-Agency) Data Communications Cluster UNICEF - 200,000 - 0% 200,000 -

ZIM-07/S03 (ER/TS): Zimbabwe Emergency Telecommunications Cluster Project WFP - 500,601 - 0% 500,601 -

Subtotal for SAFETY AND SECURITY OF STAFF AND OPERATIONS 50,260 750,861 - 0% 750,861 -

SECTOR NOT YET SPECIFIED

ZIM-07/UNICEF: Awaiting allocation to specific sector/projects UNICEF - -14,360 0% (14,360) -

Subtotal for SECTOR NOT YET SPECIFIED - - 14,360 0% (14,360) -

SHELTER AND NON-FOOD ITEMS

ZIM-07/S/NF01 (ER): Emergency Provision of Temporary Shelter to Destitute IOM 2,835,000 2,835,000 2,200,321 78% 634,679 - Households Affected by Operation Murambatsvina/Restore Order

ZIM-07/S/NF02 (TS): Transitional Shelter, Livelihood Provision and Promotion for IOM 4,095,000 4,095,000 1,394,737 34% 2,700,263 - Mobile and Vulnerable Populations

ZIM-07/S/NF03 (TS): Community Initiative for Secure Tenure UN-HABITAT 200,000 200,000 - 0% 200,000 -

ZIM-07/S/NF04 (TS): Strengthening the capacity of community based initiatives in UN-HABITAT 72,000 72,000 - 0% 72,000 - housing delivery

ZIM-07/S/NF05 (ER): Hatcliffe Shelter Provision GOAL - 672,043 672,043 100% - -

Subtotal for SHELTER AND NON-FOOD ITEMS 7,202,000 7,874,043 4,267,101 54% 3,606,942 -

ZIMBABWE

Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 12 of 12

PROJECT CODE: Appealing Original Revised Funding % Unmet Uncommitted Project Title Agency Requirements Requirements Covered Requirements Pledges Values in US$

WATER AND SANITATION

ZIM-07/WS01 (TS): Rural Water Supply Project V / Zimbabwe GAA 1,600,076 2,978,945 2,978,945 100% - -

ZIM-07/WS02 (TS): Rehabilitation of boreholes and bush pumps HELP 424,775 424,775 297,009 70% 127,766 -

ZIM-07/WS03 (TS): Water and Community Health Mercy Corps 1,015,409 1,015,409 - 0% 1,015,409 -

ZIM-07/WS04 (TS): Livelihoods Recovery, Health and Hygiene, Water and Mvuramanzi 1,037,030 1,037,030 - 0% 1,037,030 - Sanitation project targeting OVCs in selected districts of Trust Zimbabwe ZIM-07/WS05 (TS): Water Point Rehabilitation / Repair Project / Zimbabwe PA (formerly 1,710,339 - - 0% - - ITDG)

ZIM-07/WS06 (ER): Provision of emergency safe water supply, sanitation and UNICEF 1,400,000 1,000,000 - 0% 1,000,000 - hygiene education to targeted vulnerable populations in urban and rural areas of Zimbabwe. ZIM-07/WS07 (TS): Improving Water and Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) for WLZ 150,000 150,000 - 0% 150,000 - Woman Farmers in Marondera/Wedza District prioritizing those infected and affected by HIV/AIDS ZIM-07/WS08 (ER): Emergency Water and Sanitation Programme WV 2,000,000 - - 0% - -

ZIM-07/WS09A (ER): Provision of emergency safe water supply, sanitation and UNICEF - 1,400,000 491,822 35% 908,178 - hygiene education to targeted vulnerable populations in urban and rural areas of Zimbabwe. ZIM-07/WS09B(ER): Provision of emergency safe water supply, sanitation and PA (formerly - 1,710,339 370,000 22% 1,340,339 - hygiene education to targeted vulnerable populations in urban ITDG) and rural areas of Zimbabwe. ZIM-07/WS09C(ER): Provision of emergency safe water supply, sanitation and WV - 2,000,000 2,155,238 108% (155,238) - hygiene education to targeted vulnerable populations in urban and rural areas of Zimbabwe. ZIM-07/WS10 (ER): Water and sanitation for people affected by Operation UNICEF - 150,000 - 0% 150,000 - Murambatsvina

ZIM-07/WS11 (ER): Cholera prevention and control in urban areas of Zimbabwe UNICEF - 304,965 304,965 100% - -

Subtotal for WATER AND SANITATION 9,337,629 12,171,463 6,597,979 54% 5,573,484 -

Grand Total 214,476,053 394,679,913 213,142,431 54% 181,537,482 410,661 NOTE: "Funding" means Contributions + Commitments + Carry-over Pledge: a non-binding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). Commitment: creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. Contribution: the actual payment of funds or transfer of in-kind goods from the donor to the recipient entity.

ZIMBABWE

Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Commitments/Contributions and Pledges to Projects Listed in the Appeal (grouped by donor) as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 1 of 8 Appealing Organisation Project Code Description Funding Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$

Allocation of unearmarked funds by OCHA

UNICEF ZIM-07/WS09A (ER) Emergency Response to WES Murambatsvina Operations (SM070153) 150,000 -

Subtotal for Allocation of unearmarked funds by OCHA 150,000 -

Allocation of unearmarked funds by UNHCR

UNHCR ZIM-07/MS09 (ER/TS) Local Settlement Programme for Refugees in Zimbabwe 1,407,742 -

Subtotal for Allocation of unearmarked funds by UNHCR 1,407,742 -

Australia

OCHA ZIM-07/CSS03 (ER/TS) Facilitation and coordination humanitarian assistance to populations affected by 219,314 - disasters and emergencies; advocacy for the protection of vulnerable populations; and information management (Ref: 240/5/1/1) WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food aid 3,081,025 - WV ZIM-07/A29 (TS) Conservation farming in drought prone areas (Ref: 240/5/1/1) 416,667 -

Subtotal for Australia 3,717,006 -

Austria

WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food aid 22,799 -

Subtotal for Austria 22,799 -

Canada

CARE ZIM-07/MS15 (ER) Shelter, water and sanitation, household items and protection assistance to 280,374 - socially vulnerable affected by drought (M-012578) IOM ZIM-07/MS05 (ER) Emergency Assistance to Mobile and Vulnerable Populations in Zimbabwe, Relief, 301,724 - Reintegration, and Community Health (M012543) OCHA ZIM-07/CSS03 (ER/TS) Facilitation and coordination humanitarian assistance to populations affected by 186,916 - disasters and emergencies; advocacy for the protection of vulnerable populations; and information management (M-012621) OXFAM ZIM-07/MS16 (ER) Health and medical, water and sanitation to most vulnerable in Bulaweyo, 183,246 - Southern Zimbabwe (M012671) OXFAM UK ZIM-07/MS08 (ER/TS) Emergency water point rehabilitation in Zimbabwe (M-012577) 280,374 - UNICEF ZIM-07/H11 (ER/TS) Multisectoral assistance to several countries ( Central African Republic, Nepal, 215,518 - Somalia, Uganda and Zimbabwe) [M012547] (SM070108) UNICEF ZIM-07/UNICEF To be allocated to specific project/sector (M-012618) 377,360 - WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food aid 4,021,028 -

Subtotal for Canada 5,846,540 -

ZIMBABWE

Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Commitments/Contributions and Pledges to Projects Listed in the Appeal (grouped by donor) as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 2 of 8 Appealing Organisation Project Code Description Funding Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$

Carry-over (donors not specified)

Mercy Corps ZIM-07/MS07 (ER/TS) The NGO Joint Initiative Project for Urban Zimbabwe (JI) 3,464,483 - WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food support for vulnerable groups 22,203,874 -

Subtotal for Carry-over (donors not specified) 25,668,357 -

Central Emergency Response Fund

FAO ZIM-07/A31(TS) CERF under funded grant to project 200,000 -

IOM ZIM-07/P/HR/RL03A (ER) CERF under-funded grant to project 300,000 -

IOM ZIM-07/S/NF02 (TS) CERF allocation to project 1,000,000 - UNFPA ZIM-07/P/HR/RL03B (ER) CERF underfunded grant to project 199,992 -

UNICEF ZIM-07/H26 (ER/TS) CERF under-funded grant to project 199,084 - UNICEF ZIM-07/WS09A (ER) CERF allocation to project 1,000,000 - WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) CERF rapid response grant to project 8,000,000 - WHO ZIM-07/H30 (ER) CERF under-funded allocation to project 500,000 -

Subtotal for Central Emergency Response Fund 11,399,076 -

Denmark

Caritas Denmark ZIM-07/F09 (ER) Supplementary food aid to vulnerable HIV affected families in Zimbabwe 2007- 428,955 - 2008 (46.H.7-8-114) Subtotal for Denmark 428,955 -

ZIMBABWE

Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Commitments/Contributions and Pledges to Projects Listed in the Appeal (grouped by donor) as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 3 of 8 Appealing Organisation Project Code Description Funding Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$

European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office

ACF ZIM-07/MS10 (ER/TS) Watsan and food security (ECHO/ZWE/BUD/2007/01007) 710,342 - CARE ZIM-07/F10 (ER) Food aid (ECHO/-FA/BUD/2007/01011) 1,780,524 - FAO ZIM-07/A13 (TS) Co-ordination and monitoring of agricultural interventions for vulnerable 765,275 - smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe [ECHO/ZWE/BUD/2007/01004] FAO ZIM-07/A13 (TS) Provision of Basic Agricultural Inputs and Extension Support to Smallholder 893,561 - Farmers in the Communal Sector (ECHO/-FA/BUD/2007/01045) GAA ZIM-07/WS01 (TS) Rural water supply project V, Zimbabwe (RWSP V) [ECHO/ZWE/BUD/2007/01002] 1,366,042 -

HELP ZIM-07/A32 (TS) Agricultural Inputs and Micro Irrigation Support for Vulnerable Farming 533,898 - Households, Zimbabwe [ECHO/ZWE/BUD/2007/01003] OCHA ZIM-07/CSS03 (ER/TS) Humanitarian Co-ordination in Zimbabwe [ECHO/ZWE/BUD/2007/01006] 446,126 - WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food aid [ECHO/-FA/BUD/2007/02024] 6,382,979 - WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food support for vulnerable groups [ECHO/-FA/BUD/2007/01018] 10,752,688 - WV ZIM-07/A28 (TS) Emergency Agricultural Support Project, Zimbabwe 1,644,265 - [ECHO/ZWE/BUD/2007/01005] WV ZIM-07/WS09C(ER) Emergency Water and Sanitation Project [ECHO/ZWE/BUD/2007/01001] 1,575,228 -

Subtotal for European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office 26,850,928 -

Germany

GAA ZIM-07/WS01 (TS) Water-Management-Project and food-for-work-operation (BMZ-No.: 2007.1856.9) 1,612,903 -

HELP ZIM-07/A32 (TS) Agricultural rehabilitation program (in cooperation with ECHO - 1,5 Mio. Euro) 385,540 - (BMZ-No.: 2007.1900.5) HELP ZIM-07/F02 (ER) Food Aid for HIV/AIDS-Victims (BMZ-No.: 2007.1845.2) 691,964 - HELP ZIM-07/F11 (ER) Emergency Food Aid for the victims of the desert in Gwanda (BMZ-No.: 711,461 - 2007.1901.3) HELP ZIM-07/WS02 (TS) Rehabilitation of wells and pumps (BMZ-No.: 2007.1839.5) 297,009 - JOIN ZIM-07/H31 (ER) Medical support (VN05-321.50 ZWE 01/07) 293,126 - WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food Aid - PRRO 10310.0 - Delivery of 1.216 mt Maize (BMZ-No.: 2007.1826.2) 666,666 -

Subtotal for Germany 4,658,669 -

International Organization for Migration

OCHA ZIM-07/OCHA Balancing entry for fund allocation 114772 (250,000) -

Subtotal for International Organization for Migration (250,000) -

ZIMBABWE

Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Commitments/Contributions and Pledges to Projects Listed in the Appeal (grouped by donor) as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 4 of 8 Appealing Organisation Project Code Description Funding Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$

Ireland

FAO ZIM-07/A12 (TS) New Castle Disease Control in Rural Areas of Zimbabwe 393,840 - GOAL ZIM-07/S/NF05 (ER) Hatcliffe rehabilitation programme (EHAF) (GOA 07 04) 672,043 - IOM ZIM-07/S/NF02 (TS) Emergency Provision of Temporary Shelter to Destitute Households Affected by 394,737 - Operation Murambatsvina/Restore Order (IOM 07 01) Trocaire ZIM-07/H32 (ER) Reduce rate and risks of malnutrition 358,549 - UNICEF ZIM-07/H12 (TS) Prevention of Mother to Child transmission of HIV and Paediatric HIV/AIDS Care 197,368 -

UNICEF ZIM-07/H13 (TS) Promotion of child health and care practices for children under five in the 197,369 - communities. WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food aid 29,606 - WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food aid 38,171 - WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food assistance (EHAF) 681,198 - WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food aid (WFP 07 01) 1,973,684 -

Subtotal for Ireland 4,936,565 -

Italy

WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food aid - 141,844 WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food aid 127,384 -

Subtotal for Italy 127,384 141,844

Japan

JJA ZIM-07/A33 (TS) Project for irrigation scheme for Silobela Old Peoples Home Farm (electric pumps, 90,000 - water pipes and rubber hosepipes for rehabilitating three boreholes) UNICEF ZIM-07/H11 (ER/TS) Reaching the vulnerable children and women of child bearing age with 1,888,810 - immunization to prevent EPI target disease outbreaks WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food aid 3,902,439 - WV ZIM-07/WS09C(ER) Emergency Water Supply and Sanitation for Zimbabwe 90,430 -

Subtotal for Japan 5,971,679 -

ZIMBABWE

Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Commitments/Contributions and Pledges to Projects Listed in the Appeal (grouped by donor) as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 5 of 8 Appealing Organisation Project Code Description Funding Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$

Netherlands

EuronAid ZIM-07/F12 (ER) Relief programme; school feeding, improvement of food security (16287 1,516,227 - (DMV0099307) IOM ZIM-07/S/NF01 (ER) Emergency Provision of Temporary Shelter to Destitute Households Affected by 1,999,571 - Operation Murambatsvina/Restore Order OCHA ZIM-07/CSS03 (ER/TS) Facilitation and coordination humanitarian assistance to populations affected by 220,000 - disasters and emergencies; advocacy for the protection of vulnerable populations; and information management (15857(DMV0096689)) WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food aid 560,748 - WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Additional contribution to PRRO 10310.0; Assistance to populations in Southern 988,000 - Africa vulnerable to Food Insecurity and the impact of hiv/aids (11052 (DMV0036163)) Subtotal for Netherlands 5,284,546 -

Norway

NPA ZIM-07/F04 (ER) Child Supplementary Feeding Project of children of school going age 1,214,058 - OCHA ZIM-07/CSS03 (ER/TS) Facilitation and coordination humanitarian assistance to populations affected by 835,631 - disasters and emergencies; advocacy for the protection of vulnerable populations; and information management (ZWE 1073197) OCHA ZIM-07/OCHA Awaiting allocation to specific project 550,000 -

Subtotal for Norway 2,599,689 -

Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs

OCHA ZIM-07/OCHA Balancing entry for fund allocation 119845 (150,000) -

Subtotal for Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (150,000) -

Pooled funding

IOM ZIM-07/MS05 (ER) Emergency Assistance to Mobile and Vulnerable Populations in Zimbabwe, Relief, 250,000 - Reintegration, and Community Health OCHA ZIM-07/CSS03 (ER/TS) Allocation from Emergency Response Fund to project 150,000 -

UNFPA ZIM-07/P/HR/RL14 (ER) Prevention of sexual and gender-based violence for people affected by Operation 150,000 - Murambatsvina Subtotal for Pooled funding 550,000 -

Practical Action (formerly Intermediate Technology Development Group)

UNICEF ZIM-07/WS09A (ER) Balancing entry for fund allocation 110444 (370,000) -

Subtotal for Practical Action (formerly Intermediate Technology Development Group) (370,000) -

ZIMBABWE

Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Commitments/Contributions and Pledges to Projects Listed in the Appeal (grouped by donor) as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 6 of 8 Appealing Organisation Project Code Description Funding Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$

South Africa

UNICEF ZIM-07/WS09A (ER) Emergency activities in Zimbabwe (SM069906) 13,402 - WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food aid 22,470 -

Subtotal for South Africa 35,872 -

Spain

FAO ZIM-07/A14 (TS) Improved Food Security and Livelihood for Rural Communities, through Advanced - 268,817 Land Use and Management Practices (Conservation Farming) UNICEF ZIM-07/WS11 (ER) Prevencion y control del clera en zonas urbanas a travs de la promocion de la 304,965 - salud e higiene en Zimbabwe (SM070352) Subtotal for Spain 304,965 268,817

Sweden

IOM ZIM-07/MS01 (ER/TS) Reintegration Assistance to Returnees: Revolving Livestock Scheme 200,000 - IOM ZIM-07/MS02 (ER) Humanitarian Assistance to Returned Migrants and Mobile Populations at the 1,000,000 - South Africa-Zimbabwe border (Beitbridge) IOM ZIM-07/MS05 (ER) Emergency Assistance to Mobile and Vulnerable Populations in Zimbabwe, Relief, 1,153,051 - Reintegration, and Community Health IOM ZIM-07/MS06 (ER/TS)) Humanitarian Assistance to Returned Migrants and Mobile Populations at the 1,000,000 - Botswana-Zimbabwe border (Plumtree) IOM ZIM-07/S/NF01 (ER) Emergency Provision of Temporary Shelter to Destitute Households Affected by 200,750 - Operation Murambatsvina/Restore Order OCHA ZIM-07/CSS03 (ER/TS) Facilitation and coordination humanitarian assistance to populations affected by 293,899 - disasters and emergencies; advocacy for the protection of vulnerable populations; and information management SC - UK ZIM-07/A26 (TS) Livelihoods support for vulnerable groups in Binga and Nyaminyami districts 716,332 - UNICEF ZIM-07/P/HR/RL09 Prevention of Sexual and Gender Based Violence (7400317501) (SM070054) 2,149,050 - (ER/TS) Subtotal for Sweden 6,713,082 -

Switzerland

WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Contribution to the regional WFP Operation in Southern Africa to support the 241,702 - Zimbabwean Operations Subtotal for Switzerland 241,702 -

ZIMBABWE

Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Commitments/Contributions and Pledges to Projects Listed in the Appeal (grouped by donor) as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 7 of 8 Appealing Organisation Project Code Description Funding Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$

United Kingdom

Mercy Corps ZIM-07/MS07 (ER/TS) The NGO Joint Initiative Project for Urban Zimbabwe (JI) 1,400,992 - NGO Consortium ZIM-07/MS11 (TS) Protracted relief programme 11,725,994 - OCHA ZIM-07/CSS03 (ER/TS) Facilitation and coordination humanitarian assistance to populations affected by 300,601 - disasters and emergencies; advocacy for the protection of vulnerable populations; and information management UNICEF ZIM-07/H08 (ER) Malaria Control in Vulnerable Groups through ITN Promotion 998,045 - UNICEF ZIM-07/H11 (ER/TS) Reaching the vulnerable children and women of child bearing age with 4,147,355 - immunization to prevent EPI target disease outbreaks WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food aid 16,096,579 -

Subtotal for United Kingdom 34,669,566 -

United Nations Children's Fund

PA (formerly ITDG) ZIM-07/WS09B(ER) Agency allocation of pooled funds to project 370,000 - UNICEF ZIM-07/CSS02 (ER/TS) Allocation from unearmarked funds 55,000 - UNICEF ZIM-07/H26 (ER/TS) Allocation of unearmarked funds 120,000 - UNICEF ZIM-07/UNICEF Balancing entry for fund allocation 120094 (188,000) - UNICEF ZIM-07/UNICEF Balancing entry for fund allocation 120096 (120,000) - UNICEF ZIM-07/UNICEF Balancing entry for fund allocation 120092 (55,000) - UNICEF ZIM-07/WS09A (ER) Allocation from unearmarked funds 188,000 - WV ZIM-07/WS09C(ER) Agency allocation of pooled funds to project 489,580 -

Subtotal for United Nations Children's Fund 859,580 -

United Nations Population Fund

OCHA ZIM-07/OCHA Balancing entry for fund allocation 114778 (150,000) -

Subtotal for United Nations Population Fund (150,000) -

ZIMBABWE

Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Zimbabwe 2007 List of Commitments/Contributions and Pledges to Projects Listed in the Appeal (grouped by donor) as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations. Page 8 of 8 Appealing Organisation Project Code Description Funding Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$

United States of America

IOM ZIM-07/MS05 (ER) Emergency Assistance to Mobile and Vulnerable Populations in Zimbabwe, Relief, 375,000 - Reintegration, and Community Health (DFD-G-00-05-00062-05) Mercy Corps ZIM-07/MS07 (ER/TS) The NGO Joint Initiative Project for Urban Zimbabwe (JI) 351,668 - OCHA ZIM-07/CSS03 (ER/TS) Coordination and information management 100,000 - OXFAM UK ZIM-07/MS08 (ER/TS) Emergency relief supplies, watsan and hygiene 802,399 - WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food support for vulnerable groups 538,797 - WFP ZIM-07/F08 (ER) Food aid 67,602,000 - WV ZIM-07/A28 (TS) Agriculture and food security 2,337,445 -

Subtotal for United States of America 72,107,309 -

World Vision

UNICEF ZIM-07/WS09A (ER) Balancing entry for fund allocation 110446 (489,580) -

Subtotal for World Vision (489,580) -

Grand Total 213,142,431 410,661

NOTE: "Funding" means Contributions + Commitments

ZIMBABWE

Table V: Zimbabwe 2007 Total Funding per Donor (to projects listed in the Appeal) as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations

Donor Funding % of Uncommitted Grand Total Pledges

Values in US$ United States 72,107,309 33.8 % - United Kingdom 34,669,566 16.3 % - European Commission (ECHO) 26,850,928 12.6 % - Carry-over (donors not specified) 25,668,357 12.0 % - Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) 11,399,076 5.3 % - Sweden 6,713,082 3.1 % - Japan 5,971,679 2.8 % - Canada 5,846,540 2.7 % - Netherlands 5,284,546 2.5 % - Ireland 4,936,565 2.3 % - Germany 4,658,669 2.2 % - Australia 3,717,006 1.7 % - Norway 2,599,689 1.2 % - Allocations of unearmarked funds by UN agencies 1,867,322 0.9 % - Other income 550,000 0.3 % - Denmark 428,955 0.2 % - Spain 304,965 0.1 % 268,817 Switzerland 241,702 0.1 % - Italy 127,384 0.1 % 141,844 South Africa 35,872 0.0 % - Austria 22,799 0.0 % - Private (individuals & organisations) (859,580) (0.4) % -

Grand Total 213,142,431 100.0 % 410,661

NOTE: "Funding" means Contributions + Commitments + Carry-over

ZIMBABWE

Table VI: Other Humanitarian Funding to Zimbabwe 2007 List of Commitments/Contributions and Pledges to Projects not Listed in the Appeal as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations.

Appealing Organisation Description Funding Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$

Australia

UK-DFID Through the DFID protracted relief programme to help stabilise food security and assist 833,333 - households in need (Ref: 240/5/1/1) Subtotal for Australia 833,333 -

European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office

UN Agencies, NGOs and Red Cross ECHO Zimbabwe programmes (ECHO/ZWE/BUD/2007/01000-uncommitted balance of orig - 3,565,404 pledge of Euro 8 mn) UN Agencies, NGOs and Red Cross Food aid and livelihood recovery support for vulnerable people in crises - 903,857 [ECHO/-FA/BUD/2007/01000-uncommitted balance of orig pledge of Euro 10 mn] Subtotal for European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office - 4,469,261

Norway

Norway RC Food distribution and agricultural input to people living with HIV/AIDS and other vulnerable 417,000 - groups in Zimbabwe (SAF1050572) Subtotal for Norway 417,000 -

Switzerland

SACI Contribution to SACI 935,196 - SDC/SHA Contribution for milk powder 76,066 - TCA Swiss Dairy Products 7,049 -

Subtotal for Switzerland 1,018,311 -

United States of America

C-SAFE 88,920 Mts of P.L. 480 Title Emergency Food assistance (USAID/FFP) 95,800,600 - Holistic Management Agriculture and food security; risk reduction 329,750 - NGOs To provide assistance in agriculture and food security 1,822,426 -

Subtotal for United States of America 97,952,776 -

Grand Total 100,221,420 4,469,261

NOTE: "Funding" means Contributions + Commitments Pledge: a non-binding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). Commitment: creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. Contribution: the actual payment of funds or transfer of in-kind goods from the donor to the recipient entity.

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Table VII: Zimbabwe 2007 Total Humanitarian Assistance per Donor (Appeal plus other*) as of 15 November 2007 http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations

Donor Funding % of Uncommitted Grand Total Pledges

Values in US$ United States 170,060,085 54.3 % - United Kingdom 34,669,566 11.1 % - European Commission (ECHO) 26,850,928 8.6 % 4,469,261 Carry-over (donors not specified) 25,668,357 8.2 % - Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) 11,399,076 3.6 % - Sweden 6,713,082 2.1 % - Japan 5,971,679 1.9 % - Canada 5,846,540 1.9 % - Netherlands 5,284,546 1.7 % - Ireland 4,936,565 1.6 % - Germany 4,658,669 1.5 % - Australia 4,550,339 1.5 % - Norway 3,016,689 1.0 % - Allocations of unearmarked funds by UN agencies 1,867,322 0.6 % - Switzerland 1,260,013 0.4 % - Other income 550,000 0.2 % - Denmark 428,955 0.1 % - Spain 304,965 0.1 % 268,817 Italy 127,384 0.0 % 141,844 South Africa 35,872 0.0 % - Austria 22,799 0.0 % - Private (individuals & organisations) (859,580) (0.3 %) - Grand Total 313,363,851 100.0 % 4,879,922

NOTE: "Funding" means Contributions + Commitments + Carry-over

* Includes contributions to the Consolidated Appeal and additional contributions outside of the Consolidated Appeal Process (bilateral, Red Cross, etc.)

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ANNEX II

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

3W Who is doing What Where

ACF Action Contre la Faim ADRA Adventist Development and Relief Agency AGDM Age, Gender and Diversity Mainstreaming AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ANC Ante-Natal Care AREX Agricultural Research and Extension ART Anti-Retroviral Therapy ARV Antiretrovirus ASAP Africa Self-help Assistance Programme AusAID Australian Agency for International Development

BEAM Basic Education Assistance Module

CAFOD Catholic Agency for Overseas Development CAP Consolidated Appeals Process CARE Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere CBO Community-Based Organisation CCZ The Consumer Council of Zimbabwe CERF Central Emergency Response Fund CFR Case-Fatality Rate CFSAM Crop and Food Supply Assessment Mission CHAP Common Humanitarian Action Plan CIAT Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical CPU Civil Protection Unit CRDT Christian Relief and Development Community CRS Catholic Relief Services C-SAFE Consortium for Southern Africa Food Security Emergency CSI Coping Strategies Index CTDT Community Technology Development Centre

DAAC District AIDS Action Committee DAPP Development Aid from People to People DFID Department for International Development DHS Demographic and Health Survey DPT Diphteria, Pertussis and Tetanus

ECD Early Childhood Development ECHO European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office EFZ Evangelical Fellowship of Zimbabwe EPI Expanded Programme on Immunisation ER Emergency Relief ERF Emergency Response Fund ESP Expanded Support Programme

FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FAWEZI Forum for African Women Educators in Zimbabwe FCS Food Consumption Score FMD Foot-and-Mouth Disease FNC Food and Nutrition Council FOST Farm Orphan Support Trust FTS Financial Tracking Service

GBV Gender-Based Violence GDP Gross Domestic Product GHP Global Humanitarian Platform GMB Grain Marketing Board Goal Irish NGOs

HAZ Help Age Zimbabwe HBC Home-Based Care HC Humanitarian Coordinator

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HELP Help HIV Human Immuno-deficiency Virus HPZ Housing People of Zimbabwe

IASC Inter-Agency Standing Committee IDP Internally Displaced Person IEC Information, Education, Communication IMBISA Inter-regional Meeting of the Bishops of Southern Africa IMF International Monetary Fund IOM International Organization for Migration IPA Inter-Country People's Aid ISL Integrated Sustainable Livelihoods IV Intravenous IWASA Integrated Water and Sanitation

JRS Jesuit Refugee Service JI Joint Initiative JIG Joint Initiative Group

LWF Lutheran World Federation

M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MDC Movement for Democratic Change MDG Millenium Development Goals MDM Médecins du Monde MoA Ministry of Agriculture MoH Ministry of Health MoHCW Ministry of Health and Child Welfare MoU Memorandum of Understanding MT Metric Tonne MVP Mobile and Vulnerable Population

NANGO National Association of NGOs NFI Non-Food Item NMRL National Microbiology Reference Laboratory NPA Norwegian People's Aid NTCG Nutrition Technical Consultative Group

OCHA Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs OI Opportunistic Infections OM/ORO Operation Murambatsvina/Operation Restore Order ORAP Organization of Rural Associations for Progress OVC Orphans and Vulnerable Children

PASS Poverty Assessment Study Survey PEP Post Exposure Prophylaxis PLWHA People Living With HIV/AIDS PMTCT Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission PRP Protracted Relief Programme PRSP Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper PSDC Practical Skills Development Centre

RSC Reception and Support Centre RSD Refugee Status Determination

SADC Southern African Development Community SAFIRE Southern Alliance for Indigenous Resources SARS Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome SC-N Save the Children-Norway SC-UK Save the Children-United Kingdom SGBV Sexual and Gender-based Violence SPHERE Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response

TAD Trans-boundary Animal Diseases TEP Temporary Employment Permit TIP Trafficking In Persons ToR Terms of Reference TS Transitional Support

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UNAIDS Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS UNCT United Nations Country Team UNDAF United Nations Development Assistance Framework UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNFPA United Nations Population Fund UN-HABITAT United Nations Human Settlements Programme UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund USGS United States Geological Survey

VCT Voluntary Counselling and Testing VGF Vulnerable Group Feeding VHF Viral Haemorrhagic Fever WASH Water, Sanitation and Hygiene WES Water and Environmental Sanitation WFP World Food Programme WHO World Health Organization WVI World Vision International

ZACH Zimbabwe Association of Church-related Hospitals ZCDT Zimbabwe Community Development Trust ZDHS Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey ZimAHEAD Local NGO ZimVAC Zimbabwe Vulnerability Assessment Committee ZINAHCO Zimbabwe National Association of Housing Co-operatives ZRC Zimbabwe Refugee Committee ZUNDAF Zimbabwe United Nations Development Assistance Framework

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Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP)

The CAP is a tool for aid organisations to jointly plan, coordinate, implement and monitor their response to disasters and emergencies, and to appeal for funds together instead of competitively.

It is the forum for developing a strategic approach to humanitarian action, focusing on close cooperation between host governments, donors, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, International Organization for Migration (IOM), and United Nations agencies. As such, it presents a snapshot of the situation and response plans, and is an inclusive and coordinated programme cycle of:

• Strategic planning leading to a Common Humanitarian Action Plan (CHAP); • Resource mobilisation leading to a Consolidated Appeal or a Flash Appeal; • Coordinated programme implementation; • Joint monitoring and evaluation; • Revision, if necessary; • Reporting on results.

The CHAP is the core of the CAP – a strategic plan for humanitarian response in a given country or region, including the following elements:

• A common analysis of the context in which humanitarian action takes place; • An assessment of needs; • Best, worst, and most likely scenarios; • A clear statement of longer-term objectives and goals; • Prioritised response plans, including a detailed mapping of projects to cover all needs; • A framework for monitoring the strategy and revising it if necessary.

Under the leadership of the Humanitarian Coordinator, and in consultation with host governments and donors, the CAP is developed at the field level by the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) Country Team. It includes United Nations agencies and standing invitees such as the IOM, the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, and NGOs that belong to the International Council of Voluntary Agencies, Interaction, or the Steering Committee for Humanitarian Response. Non-IASC members, such as national NGOs, can be included.

The Humanitarian Coordinator is responsible for the annual preparation of the consolidated appeal document. The document is launched globally near the end of each year to enhance advocacy and resource mobilisation. An update, known as the Mid-Year Review, is presented to donors the following July.

Donors generally fund appealing agencies directly in response to project proposals listed in appeals. The Financial Tracking Service (FTS), managed by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), is a database of appeal funding needs and worldwide donor contributions, and can be found on www.reliefweb.int/fts.

In sum, the CAP is how aid agencies join forces to provide people in need the best available protection and assistance, on time.

OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS (OCHA)

UNITED NATIONS PALAIS DES NATIONS NEW YORK, N.Y. 10017 1211 GENEVA 10 USA SWITZERLAND