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MUSICAL NOTES with Page Numbers Added GOODSPEED MUSICALS A Guide to Goodspeed Musicals’ Productions 2007 Season September 28 - December 2 Musical Notes is sponsored by Music and Lyrics by SHERMAN EDWARDS Book by PETER STONE Based on a concept by SHERMAN EDWARDS Directed by ROB RUGGIERO Choreographed by RALPH D. PERKINS Music Direction by MICHAEL O’FLAHERTY Scenery Design by Costume Design by Lighting Design by MICHAEL SCHWEIKARDT ALEJO VIETTI JOHN LASITER Orchestrations by Assistant Music Director DAN DeLANGE WILLIAM J. THOMAS Production Manager Production Stage Manager Casting by R. GLEN GRUSMARK BRADLEY G. SPACHMAN STUART HOWARD, AMY SCHECHTER, and PAUL HARDT, C.S.A. Associate Producer Line Producer BOB ALWINE DONNA LYNN COOPER HILTON Produced for Goodspeed Musicals by MICHAEL P. PRICE CAST OF CHARACTERS Members of the Continental Congress President John Hancock……………………………………....Alan Rust New Hampshire Dr. Josiah Bartlett…………………………………..Jack F. Agnew Massachusetts John Adams…………………………………………Peter A. Carey Rhode Island Stephen Hopkins…………………………………...John Newton Connecticut Roger Sherman……………………………………..Greg Roderick New York Robert Livingston…………………………………..Paul Jackel Lewis Morris………………………………………..Michael A. Pizzi New Jersey Rev. Jonathan Witherspoon………………………..Jerry Christakos Pennsylvania John Dickinson……………………………………..Jay Goede Ben Franklin………………………………………...Ronn Carroll James Wilson……………………………………….Marc Kessler Delaware Col. Thomas McKean……………………………...Kenneth Cavett George Read………………………………………..Dean Bellais Caesar Rodney……………………………………..Trip Plymale Maryland Samuel Chase……………………………………….Paul Carlin Virginia Thomas Jefferson……………………………………Edward Watts Richard Henry Lee………………………………….Richard White North Carolina Joseph Hewes……………………………………….Michael P. Cartwright South Carolina Edward Rutledge…………………………………….Glenn Steven Allen Georgia Dr. Lyman Hall……………………………………...Dennis Holland Charles Thomson, Congressional Secretary…………………………………….Charlie Tirrell Andrew McNair, Congressional Custodian……………………………………...John M. Costa Abigail Adams……………………………………………………………………Jayne Paterson Martha Jefferson…………………………………………………………………Teal Wicks A Courier…………………………………………………………………………Christopher Michael Kauffmann A Leather Apron/A Painter……………………………………………………….Marcellus Waller Swings……………………………………………………………………………Kristofer Holz, Erin Williams 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS CAST OF CHARACTERS Page 3 Portrait Gallery Page 4 SYNOPSIS Page 7 IN CONTEXT Page 9 The Authors Page 9 Original Broadway Reviews (excerpts) Page 10 Declaration of Independence Page 11 Photo of Original Declaration of Independence Page 13 Editing Jefferson’s Original Draft Page 14 Original Signers…Biographical Details Page 17 Historical Note by the Authors Page 18 CONNECTIONS Page 24 MUSICAL NOTES is Compiled and Written by Will Rhys Education Director A publication of The Max Showalter Center for Education in the Musical Theater Goodspeed Musicals is dedicated to the heritage of the musical and the development of new works to add to the repertoire Production Sponsored by 2 George Read: Delaware delegate who sides with CAST OF CHARACTERS Dickinson. nd John Hancock: President of the 2 Continental Congress. Samuel Chase: A Maryland delegate. Prefers eating to First to sign the Declaration of Independence with a very debating. Changes his allegiances during the run up to the large signature so that “fat [King] George…can read it final vote on accepting the declaration. without his glasses!” Richard Henry Lee: A Virginia delegate, who returns Dr. Josiah Bartlett: A New Hampshire delegate. Sides in home to secure from the Virginia state legislature a favor of independence. resolution proclaiming independence from England. John Adams: A Massachusetts delegate. A man found to Thomas Jefferson: A Virginia delegate. Writes the initial be “obnoxious and disliked” 1 by many members of Congress, draft of the Declaration of Independence. Eventually, he is the leading advocate for separation from England. approves all changes in the document that are offered by the delegates. Stephen Hopkins: A Rhode Island Delegate. He would prefer to be found at all times with a tankard of rum in his Edward Rutledge: Delegate from South Carolina. hand. Youngest member of Congress, he leads the opposition to Jefferson’s declaration, because it advocates the abolition of Roger Sherman: A Connecticut delegate, he sides in favor slavery. of independence and is a member of the committee charged with writing the Declaration. Joseph Hewes: North Carolina delegate. Sides with Rutledge on the slavery issue. Lewis Morris: A New York delegate, he abstains…”courteously” on every vote, even from the Dr. Lyman Hall: Georgia delegate. Independent thinker, original vote on accepting the Declaration. who weighs all issues before giving his support to either side. Robert Livingston: A New York delegate, he is a member Charles Thomson: The secretary of the Congress. of the committee formed to write the Declaration. Andrew McNair: Custodian and bell-ringer. Reverend John Witherspoon: Delegate of New Jersey. Witherspoon argues for, and wins, the inclusion of a Courier : Brings dispatches from General Washington. reference to the Supreme Being in the Declaration. Abigail Adams: Wife of John Adams. Not present in Benjamin Franklin: A Pennsylvania delegate, who, along Philadelphia, but appears to her husband through letters and with John Adams, leads those in favor of breaking away from fantasies. England. Very urbane, cool-headed…a skilled negotiator. Martha Jefferson: Wife of Thomas Jefferson. Summoned to Philadelphia by Ben Franklin when Jefferson develops John Dickinson: A Pennsylvania delegate, he advocates a reconciliation with England and King George III. Fierce writer’s block. opponent of Adams. James Wilson: A Pennsylvania delegate, he casts the final vote to approve the independence declaration. He does so, not out of any strong belief in independence, but because he wishes to remain anonymous, one of the many, instead of forever being known as “the man who prevented American independence.” Caesar Rodney: A Delaware delegate. Has skin cancer and leaves what is, probably, his death bed to vote. Favors independence. Colonel Thomas McKean: Delaware delegate. Pronounced Scots accent. Favors independence. View of Independence Hall, Philadelphia, 1780s. Courtesy of National 1 John Adams’ own words about himself. Archives 3 SIGNERS PORTRAIT GALLERY John Hancock Dr. Josiah Bartlett John Adams Stephen Hopkins Roger Sherman Robert Livingston Lewis Morris Rev. Jonathan Witherspoon John Dickinson 4 Benjamin Franklin James Wilson Col. Thomas McKean George Read Caesar Rodney Samuel Chase Thomas Jefferson Richard Henry Lee Joseph Hewes 5 Edward Rutledge Dr. Lyman Hall The Declaration of Independence by John Trumbull 6 Synopsis Time: Late spring, early summer 1776. written spelling out “their goals and aims” Place: Philadelphia and “reasons for separation.” A committee is formed to write the The weather is oppressive…hot and declaration, and Thomas Jefferson, against exceedingly humid…as the 2nd Continental his will and heart…he wants to return to his Congress convenes. The issue of independ- home in Virginia and his wife, Martha, whom he married only 6 months ago…is “chosen” ence is particularly divisive, with the delegate from Massachusetts, John Adams, peppering to write the document. (But, Mr. Adams) Se- the chamber with his demands to take action lecting him was hard enough, but without his on it. Weary of his arguments, the delegates wife there, Jefferson just can’t concentrate plead with him to sit down. (For God’s Sake and there is no document forthcoming. John, Sit Down) He storms from the cham- Franklin, ever the diplomat, arranges for ber, complaining that they are incapable of Martha to journey to Philadelphia and her accomplishing anything. (Piddle, Twiddle) husband. (“The sooner his problem is solved, Adams, vents his frustrations to his wife, the sooner our problem will be solved.”) Abigail, through letters and imagined con- Adams remains unsure of this arrangement versations. (Till Then and Yours, Yours, until Martha arrives. She quickly wins him Yours) over with her charm and beauty while extol - ling her husband’s virtues. (He Plays the Adams finds Benjamin Franklin, an ally, posing for a portrait. Franklin points out Violin) to him that no colony has ever broken away Back in the Congressional chambers, from its home country. He also reminds Dickinson works to keep the opposition to Adams, that he is considered obnoxious and Adams intact. (Cool, Cool Considerate Men) is generally disliked by Congress, and sug - Periodically, a courier sent by General gests that the idea of independence might be George Washington, arrives with the Gen- better proposed by someone else. He pro- eral’s dispatches detailing the progress of the poses a Virginia delegate, Richard Henry war. None of his news is encouraging. Lee, who conveniently shows up at that mo- (Momma, Look Sharp) ment and immediately offers to go to the Not wanting to be in the chamber as Virginia legislature and have them draw up his finished work is read aloud by the Secre- such proposal. When questioned by Adams tary, Charles Thomson, Jefferson waits out- as to his credentials for such a mission, Lee side. Adams and Franklin approach him and assures him that his long family history will congratulate him on his genius and the serve them well. (The Lees of Old Virginia) strength of his words. (The Egg) Upon re- Returning to Congress, they meet the turning to the chamber for the conclusion of the reading, their enthusiasm is quickly
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