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Revision of the Genus Pandanus Stickman, Part 7 New Species from Borneo, Papua, and the Solomon Islands

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Revision of the Genus Pandanus Stickman, Part 7 New Species from Borneo, Papua, and the Solomon Islands Revision of the Genus Pandanus Stickman, Part 7 New Species from Borneo, Papua, and the Solomon Islands HAROLD ST. JOHN 1 THIS SEVENTH PART of the series contains de­ cm. up the margins with stout serrations 2-2.5 scriptions of miscellaneous new species from is­ mm. long, 5-13 mm. apart, pale; the midrib lands in the tropical Pacific. below beginning 7-8 cm. up with reflexed prickles 4-6 mm. long, 7-17 mm. apart, stout Pandanus Andersonii sp. nov. (sect. Acro­ arcuate subulate, becoming. brown; at midsec­ stigma) tion the margins with serrations 1-1.5 mm. Figs. 33-34 long, 5-10 mm. apart, pale below, the tips NOM. VERN.: "surong irit." brownish; the midrib unarmed; near the tip the margins and midrib below with serrations 0.5-1 DIAGNOSIS HOLOlYPI: Pedunculo ad 10 cm. mm. long, the marginal 2-3 mm. apart, those longo 2.5 cm. diametro obtuse trigono ebrac­ of the midrib 3-8 mm. apart; on the upper side teato ereeto, syncarpiis 1-3 spicatis in inflores­ the two secondary ribs with serrations about 0.5 centia ereeta 15 cm. longa evidenta, syncarpiis mm. long, 9-30 mm. apart; pistillate inflores­ 11.5-14 cm. longis 13.5-14 cm. diametro late cence ascending, not concealed; peduncle up to ellipsoideis v~! .~llbglobosis obtuse trigonatis 1~ cm. long, and 2.5 cm. in diameter, obtusely cum drupis numerosissimis, drupis 35-40 mm. tngonous, bractless;.erect; heads solitary or 2-3 longis 6-7 mm. latis 5-6 mm. crassis fusiformi­ in a spike 15 cm. long; syncarps 11.5-14 cm. bus 5-6-angulatis corpore 18-21 mm. longo long, 13.5-14 cm, in diameter, broadly ellipsoid oblongo-ellipsoideo pileo quam corporem lat­ to subglobose, obtusely trigonous, bearing very iore 13-17 mm. longo in stylo sensim dimi­ numerous drupes (several hundred); drupes 35­ nuenti, parte principali brunnea ex squamis 40 mm. long. 6-7 mm. wide, 5-6 mm. thick, late deltoideis lucidis dense congregatis erectis fusiform, 5-6-angled, the body 18-21 mm. long, ex axile perpendicularibus, drupis in fasciculis oblong-ellipsoid; the pileus the widest part, dehiscentibus, et pileis in laminis grandibus lance conic, 13-17 mm. long, narrowing grad­ dehiscentibus, stylo 5-7 mm. longo subulato ar­ ually into the style, the body appearing rough cuato stigmatam distalem ferento, stigmate 4-5 and brown, from the dense outgrowth of closely mm. longo sublineari in fissura, endocarpio in packed, brown, shining (perhaps viscid) broad Y4 parte infera albo cartilagineo lateribus 0.2 triangular scales, erect from the surface and all m~. crassis, mesocarpio apicali cavernoso ellip­ perpendicular to the drupe axis; drupes shed­ sOldeo 8-9' mm. longo, mesocarpio basali 5 mm. ding in bundles and the pileuses cohering, early longo fibroso et carnoso. shedding in great sheets; style 5-7 mm. long, DESCRIPTION OF ALL SPECIMENS EXAMINED: subulate, arcuate, glabrous, bearing a distal "Roots ramify below water table; rhizome at stigma 4-5 mm. long, almost linear in an open surface leveL" Stem 20-25 cm. long, 1.2 cm. in crack on the curved style; endocarp in lower diameter, assurgent, forking and forming dense Y4, white, cartilaginous, the walls 0.2 mm. thick; thickets; leaves 2.6-6.8 m. long, 2.6-2.8 cm. apical mesocarp an empty cavern, 8-9' mm. wide, coriaceous, ligulate, 3-nerved and plicate, long, ellipsoid; basal mesocarp 5 mm. long, M-shaped in cross section, the under side slightly fibrous and fleshy. paler, abruptly narrowed to the heavy subulate HOLOlYPUS: Sarawak, Lawas District, Kayan­ tip which 10 cm. down is 13 mm. wide, the geran Forest Reserve, in "Sempilor" (Dacry­ base entire and amplexicaul, but beginning 9 dium Beccarii var. subelatum) forest, 10 ft. alt., Nov. 1960, ]. A. R. Anderson (fruit only) 1 Botanist, B. P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. Manuscript received September 13, 1960. (SARF) . 576 I I o 5 em. c o ~lmm.. a h n. m 9 5 10em. L.__.L-_----L__..L.-_-..l.__.l1__...J....._---'__-.L.__L-_..J1 FIG. 33. PandanttS Andersonii St. John, from holotype. a, Habit, X 1/40; b, drupe, lateral view, X 1; c. d, drupes after shedding pileus, lateral view, X 1; e, drupe, longitudinal median section, X 1; j, g, pileus, lateral view, X 1; h, pileus and stigma, lateral view, X 4; i, style and stigma of basal drupe, lateral view, X 4; t, scales of pileus, basal view, X 100; k, base of leaf, lower side, X 1; t, leaf middle, lower side, X 1; m, leaf, slightly beyond the middle, upper side, X 1; n, leaf apex, lower side, X 1. .r::rt:JilGilO.lf&IdilA/ml.':UUilw.....nv:w::s:c=. 578 PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XV, October 1961 SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Sarawak, Loba Ka­ the section Acrostigma and there one finds its bang Protected Forest, abundant, ground flora closest relative, P. brevifolius Martelli of Bor­ in "alan" (Shorea albida) type forest, found in neo. This has the syncarp solitary, 5 em. long, 4 wetter areas and associated with "bakong" em. in diameter; drupes 15-16 mm.long, 3 mm. (Hanguana malayana) , May 16, 1954,]. A. R. wide; pileus abruptly contracted to the style; Anderson S.2,815 (SARF). and the endocarp in the lower Yl. On the other DISCUSSION: P. Andersonii is a member of hand, P. Andersonii St. John has the syncarps FIG. 34. Pandanus Andersonii St. John, in foreground, in peat swamp forest of Shorea albida, Baram River, Sarawak. (Photo by]. A. R. Anderson.) Page 64: Revision of Pandanus, 7. Papua and the Solomons-ST. JOHN 579 1-3 in a spike and 11.5-14 em. long, 13 .5-14 serrate, the teeth 0.5 mm. long, 1-2 mm. apart, em. in diameter; drupes 35-40 mm. long, 6-7 the midrib below appressed, subulate, black ser­ mm. wide; pileus tapering into the style; and rate, the teeth 2-6 mm. apart; near the apex the the endocarp in the lower ~. margins and midrib below sharply serrate, the The new species is named in honor of its col­ teeth 0.4-0.5 mm. long, 0.5-1.5 mm. apart; lector, Mr. J. A. R. Anderson, Forest Research pistillate inflorescence solitary, terminal, sur­ Officer of the Sarawak government. rounded by several bractealleaves 16 mm. wide around the spike, but otherwise like the normal Pandanus fruticosus sp. nov. (sect. Acro­ foliage leaves; syncarp subsessile 3 em. long, stigma) 2 em. in diameter, ellipsoid, with numerous Figs. 35-36 drupes; drupes 9-10 mm. long, 2-2.5 mm. in diameter, fusiform, the body 4-5 mm. long, the DIAGNOSIS HOLOTYPI: Frutex 15.5 m. altus pileus oblique conic, 4 (-5) mm. long, taper­ ramosus, ramulis foliosis 6-9 em. diametro, cor­ ing into the subulate style which is linear stig­ tice rubrescenti-brunneo lucido cum cicatricibus matic for 2.5-3 mm. on the proximal side; en­ pallidis cinctis, foliis 51-5'8 em. longis 8-10 docarp from middle to apex of body, the wall mm. latis subcoriaceis ligulatis M-formatis longe 0.1 mm. thick, pale; seed 3.5 mm.long, 1.6 mm. diminuentibus in apice subulato 10 em. ex apice in diameter, broady ellipsoid; lower mesocarp 3.5 ffiffi. lato, marginibus in basi integris sed ex cavernous. 4 em. marginibus cum dentibus validis subu­ HOLOTYPUS: North Borneo, Keningau Dis­ latis 0.5-1.3 mm. longis 1-3 mm. distantibus 0 trict, 76Y2 mi. on path from Tenom to Ranau nigris in 45 adscendentibus, midnervio exar­ (8Y2 mi. NE. of Tambunan), 2,100 ft. alt., mato, marginibus in sectio mediale cum serris Aug. 27, 1954, G. H. S. Wood & ]. Wyatt-Smith nigris05 mm. longis 1-2 mm. distantibus, mid­ A 4,430 (BRI). nervio infra cum serris nigris 2-6 mm. longis DISCUSSION: The new species P. fruticosus is 2-6 mm. distantibus, circa apicem marginibus in the section Acrostigma. Its nearest relative is et midnervio infra cum serris acutis 0.4-0.5 the Malayan species P. aurantiacus Rid!. which mm. longis 0.5-1.5 ffiffi. distantibus, inflores­ has the leaves 3.8 em. wide; inflorescence of 5 centia foeminea solitaria terminale cum bracteis heads; syncarp 6.2 em. long, 2.5 em. in diam­ plurimis 16 mm. latis amplectentibus, syncarpio eter; drupes 18 mm. long; and the endocarp subsessile 3 em. longo 2 em. diametro ellip­ 12 mm. long. On the other hand, P. fruticosus soideo, drupis multis 9-10 mm. longis 2-2.5 has leaves 8-10 ffiffi. wide; the syncarp solitary; ffiffi. diametro fusiformis, corpore 4-5 mm. drupes 9-10 mm. long; and the endocarp 3.7 longo, pileo obliquiter conico 4 (-5) mm. mm. long. longo ad stylum tenuato, stylo subulato cum The new epithet is the Latin adjective, fruti­ linea stigmata proxima 2.5-3 mm. longa, endo­ cosus, shrubby, given with reference to the plant carpio supramediale lateribus 0.1 mm. crassis habit. pallidis, semine 3.5 mm. longo 1.6 mm. diam­ etro late elliptico, mesocarpio infero cavernoso. Pandanus ruber sp. nov. (sect. Microstigma) DESCRIPTION OF HOLOTYPE: Shrub 15.5 m. Figs. 37-38 tall, forking; leafy branchlets 6-9 em. in diam­ eter, the bark reddish brown, shining, ringed by DIAGNOSIS HOLOTYPI: Arbor 3-5 m. alta pale leaf scars; leaves 51-58 em. long, 8-10 ramosa, trunco cum aculeis adscendentibus ar­ mm. wide, subcoriaceous, ligulate, M-shaped in mato, radicibus fulturosis paucis aculeatis, foliis cross section, long tapering to a subulate apex 172 em. longis 10.2 em.
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