Geological Survey of Finland GTK
ANNUAL REPORT 2002 CONTENTS
Director General’s Review 4
Board’s Review 5
Index maps 6
Programme activities
Bedrock and raw materials 8
Land use and environment 14
Geoservices 20
Information management 22
International activities 24
Finance and administration 28
GTK publications and reports 35
Staff publications and reports 40
GTK’s cooperation networks 49
Organization and management 50
2 GTK’s vision GTK is a leading force in the production and interpretation of geological information and a centre of excellence. Investing in geological information will support sustainable development.
Mission To create conditions for supporting sustainable raw materials supply and land use. A cavity in a rock at Sarvikumpu near Heinäve- Objective si, formed by tafone weat- To create prosperity and welfare hering. for society at large. Photo: Jari Väätäinen. GTK in short
¥ Geological Survey of Finland (GTK) is a national geological research centre ¥ GTK was established in 1886 ¥ GTK is a result-oriented expert organization under the Ministry of Trade and Industry ¥ The personnel is about 800 ¥ The overall costs in 2002 amounted to EUR 48.2 million ¥ The income from contract services An erosio- nal bank was EUR 6.7 million at Teeri- ¥ GTK has offices in Espoo, Kuopio niemi on and Rovaniemi the shores ¥ The activities were guided by two of lake strategic programmes: Oulujärvi. ¥ bedrock and raw materials Photo: ¥land use and environment Jari Väätäinen.
Ale Grundström, a research assistant at the Geological Survey of Finland, taking samples for methane measure- ments at Haukkasuo near Anjalankoski, while Micaela Morero, a researcher in the Department of Biology at the University of Joensuu, maps peatland flora in a precisely defined area. The research is part of a project on the dynamics of greenhouse gases in natural peatlands, a sub-project of the Ministry of Trade and Industry, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and the Ministry of the Environment research programme on the impacts on greenhouse gases from the use of peat and peatlands in Finland. In the sub-project, GTK is collaborating with the University of Joensuu and the University of Helsinki to study annual carbon balances and changes in greenhouse gases in old, natural peatlands. The impact of peatlands on the greenhouse-gas effect can be studied on the basis of the quantities of carbon dioxide and methane as the carbon balance of the peatland is subject to changes in climatic conditions. The results will also be used to set limits for the sustainable use of energy peat.
➛ The ‘Mykkiinkivet’, huge erratic boulders at Mälkiä near Saari. Photo: Jari Väätäinen. 3 DIRECTOR GENERAL’S REVIEW
Influence through networking
The Geological Survey of Finland (GTK) was given excursions were organized with groups from different good marks in feedback during its results negotiations schools in Kuopio, Rovaniemi and Espoo, to give them a with the Ministry of Trade and Industry. We have reached chance to learn something about local geology. our targets and even exceeded them. However, our opera- GTK has been actively increasing the use of its varied ting environment is changing rapidly and we have to be datasets through Internet services. The GEOKARTTA ready and able to take advantage of any new opportunities (geomap) geological resources service, available to eve- that come our way. ryone via the Internet, was published in 2002. Digital GTK has always enjoyed good cooperation networks Quaternary deposits maps and map sheet explanations can and this trend continued in 2002. The roles of the two new be browsed and ordered over the Internet. Other geologi- professors, one a fixed-term professorship in stone rese- cal map resources at a general scale are also linked with the arch and the other a joint professorship in environmental service. Internet services are one of GTK’s key develop- chemistry set up in collaboration with the University of ment targets. Kuopio, should help to activate links with industry and The GTK vision was updated on the basis of thorough research institutes. preparatory work carried out in close cooperation with the International projects are again on the increase, happily entire staff. The work was based on feedback from last including EU projects, which support research at the year’s mapping of working atmosphere. Vision 2011 and European level. Progress in projects in the neighbouring GTK’s shared values give us long-term guidelines for areas, on the other hand, has again been sticky so we shall GTK operations. We have to learn how to listen to the be giving them special attention in the future. customer better, as it is he who is the user of our informa- GTK and the Mozambique Ministry of Mineral Resour- tion, expertise and research results. It is effectiveness that ces and Energy signed an agreement to carry out a four- guides our operations, whether it is a matter of research, year geological survey project in eastern Mozambique. surveying or commercial services. The aim of the project is to develop basic geological A survey of GTK staff competence was completed at the information to meet the needs of mineral exploration in the end of the year. The aim of the project was to clarify the region. staff’s current expertise, define critical areas of expertise GTK hosted the annual meeting of FOREGS (Forum of in the future and determine the need for new expertise the European Geological Surveys Directors) in Espoo on guided by GTK’s vision and strategy. A substantial amount September 3-7, and the Executive Committee of Euro- of material has immediately become available for guiding GeoSurveys met at the same time. Three seminars were GTK staff training and for planning and implementing also organized at the forum, introduced by experts from long-term recruitment of new staff. organizations outside FOREGS such as Metla, the EU I want to extend my warmest thanks to the GTK staff for Directorate General Environment and the European Soil an excellent year and I also want to thank our associated Bureau. The seminars examined geology and sustainable shareholders and partners. Last year has given us a sound development, the role of the European geological research basis for the success of GTK operations in the future. institutes in soil formation research and geochemical risks. In May, before the start of the fieldwork season, we held a Geology Day at various GTK sites. The idea was to aim the Geology Day events at young people in particular, so Raimo Matikainen
4 BOARD’S REVIEW
Society needs geological information to make the right decisions
For the Geological Survey of Finland (GTK), 2002 was backing of environmental data. For example, society is another successful year. We increased the impact of our going to demand more and more environmental respon- operations by expanding areas in which we are strong and sibility from the minerals industry and this will require by aligning our activities with the needs of society. carefully researched information. The year under review brought us new activities and GTK has extended its customer base for commercial worthwhile experience from many of the activities begun services and has won an extensive survey project in earlier. Field work on deep reflection seismic survey Mozambique against stiff international competition. This soundings in southern and Central Finland was comp- project is an important challenge due to its size and it may leted and the first analysis results became available. This well bring further interesting assignments enabling GTK has increased our knowledge of Finland’s bedrock to a to help promote sustainable development on a global depth of 50-60 kilometres. basis. One very important investment decision was the agree- Adoption of the GTK quality system has continued as ment signed with the Naval Research Institute for a new planned. A comprehensive quality policy helps to ensure research vessel. It is a substantial investment and should high-quality operations and the ability to provide servi- be of great benefit to both sides. ces. The quality system is of assistance to both GTK and There was considerable development in the stone sec- to our customers. tor. At the end of the year a new fixed term research GTK activities have long been important to society, professor’s post for the natural stone sector was establis- especially to business and the world of economics, not hed at the GTK Kuopio unit. The Finnish Stone Centre, just during the year under review. GTK has had a long- which is under construction at Juuka and is a joint term cooperative relationship with society at large and, as networking project set up by a number of organizations, a representative of industry I can vouch for the staunch will also help to promote development, commercial acti- support that GTK has from the outside. The services vity and recognition of the stone sector. GTK is involved provided by GTK enable industry and society to work in the project as an expert advisor. There are many together for the good of mankind by making the right beautiful varieties of high-quality stone in Finland that decisions on raw materials and environmental issues. are well suited for building and other purposes. It is We will always need information about the Earth’s important that the Finns learn to have a broader under- crust. Society needs metals, industrial minerals, building standing of the value of stone. stone, ground water and a clean environment, so there Environmental issues are challenging ones. In the futu- will always be new fields of work for expert organiza- re, we are going to have to resolve environmental issues tions like GTK. to a much greater extent and for that we need information. GTK and the University of Kuopio have come to an agreement about a professor for the environmental sec- tor. GTK has an important part to play as an impartial expert in environmental research and thus makes a cont- ribution to the whole of society. Industry also needs the Christer Sundström
5 6 INDEX MAPS
7 PROGRAMME-BASED ACTIVITIES Bedrock and raw materials
The purpose of the In 2002, GTK continued to digitize existing mapping data. Work on the Standard Bedrock and raw Operating Procedures on bedrock and raw materials mapping that form part of the materials programme is GTK’s quality system was completed. Work on developing a model of the zones of weakness in the bedrock in the Helsinki region and suitability for construction to map Finnish bedrock was completed. and study its evolution, GTK submitted five new ore exploration reports to the Ministry of Trade and to search for ore and Industry. Exploration for base metals, gold, platinum metals and ilmenite and other raw materials for calcareous rock were conducted in the year under review. Building stone and rock commercial needs and aggregate studies were also carried out, most studies being commissioned by customers or jointly financed. Under the debt conversion programme between the to provide geological Finnish and Russian governments, deep seismic reflection sounding and testing of knowledge and services electromagnetic geophysical equipment were continued. In contract services the to meet the needs of income generated by the Bedrock and raw materials programme declined somew- society and stakehol- hat on the previous year. ders. The aim is to Regional mapping programmes promote the exploitation The airborne survey programme covered 21 097 km2. Airborne geophysical of bedrock raw materials mapping of sea areas was started in southwest Finland. External parties commis- in compliance with the sioned some 20% of airborne surveys. Regional gravimetric surveys were carried principles of sustainable out for customers in the mineral industry, other measurements were performed development and to mainly in the schist area of western Finland. The Quality Manual on bedrock mapping was adopted. Mapping guidelines are actively promote invest- part of the GTK’s digital data collection operations. Under the GTK’s materials ment and industrial project, a total of 65 000 items of mapping data were digitized and almost 7000 new development in the field. items of mapping information were added to the bedrock database which at year- end comprised about 270 000 digital items of bedrock mapping. Four new maps at a scale of 1:100 000 and three explanatory texts were completed. Map production based on ArcView was improved to meet the needs of external customers and GTK itself more flexibly. In northern and eastern Finland, bedrock was mapped prima- rily in areas that the minerals industry is interested in. In western Finland, further work in mapping the schist area was carried out at a scale of 1:250 000.
Urban geology The three-year project to develop a model for the suitability of bedrock for construction in the Helsinki region was completed. The project was planned and conducted in cooperation with the National Technology Agency Tekes, the cities of Espoo, Helsinki and Vantaa and businesses in the sector. The project examined the geological structures, fault zones and planes of weakness and fissures by linking them to geological and tectonic events in order to determine how fragmented the bedrock is in the area. A map of construction suitability was drawn up for the area, based on geological and geophysical information. The map can be used in local and regional planning, transport route planning, rock construction, taking inventories of ground water in the bedrock and inventories of aggregates, assessment of pollution risk and radon investigations. The study was reported in three parts: Method development and guidelines, Construction feasibility map 1:50 000 of Espoo, Helsinki and Vantaa, and Expla- natory text to the construction feasibility map. The project demonstrated that basic geological and geophysical information can be turned into a product that serves society. A follow-up project was launched, named KallioINFO (Rock info). It is financed by Tekes, the Uusimaa Regional Environment Centre, The Finnish Road
8 A summary of radiometric dating work carried out in bedrock in Lapland was published in the GTK Special Paper series. The bedrock of the Lapland fells varies considerably in age and composition. Levitunturi fell is formed mainly of quartzite 1.8-1.9 billion years old, as are Ylläs, Aakenus, Kumpu and Pyhätunturi fells. A block field of in situ weathered rock can be seen on the slopes of Levitunturi. Photo: Jari Väätäinen.
9 Administration, the Topographic Service, JP Suoraplan, and the municipalities of Hyvinkää, Järvenpää, Kerava, Sipoo and Tuusula.
Mapping of mineral raw material resources A quality manual was adopted for the mapping of and exploration for mineral raw materials. The quality system also encompasses all support services concerning field and laboratory activities. In raw material research, GTK considers it essential to observe the principles of sustainable development. As a producer of basic information in an increasingly international field, it plays an important role in guarding the precious balance between exploration for ores and environmental values. GTK strategy states that its targets in mineral exploration are based on research and modelling. It has strengthened its knowledge base through international research cooperation. Exploration for minerals met targets and five new explora- tion reports were submitted to the Ministry of Trade and Industry for marketing for further exploration:
¥nickel at Rytky in Leppävirta ¥ ilmenite at Kairineva in Halsua Presentation of natural stone ¥ calciteÐwollastonite at Kuovila in Pohja exploration sites to companies ¥ calcite at Hakala in Sauvo in southeastern Finland. ¥ soapstone at Heiskasensuo in Juuka. Photo: Paavo Härmä. Work on improving the methods of mineral exploration is based on increasing the depth dimension of electromagnetic methods and making results easier to interpret.
Metallic ores Exploration for nickel and gold continued in eastern and northern Finland, as did exploration for chrome, nickel and platinum metals in layer intrusions. The joint venture with industry on the Koillismaa layer intrusions ended. Studies were initiated in northern Finland to assess the likelihood of ore types containing iron oxide, gold and copper. In central and southern Finland, exploration concentrated on massive sulphide ores and gold. A geological ore model of Outokumpu was completed under the Geomex project, which is a joint venture with the industry. The model will be tested in a modelling project carried out in collaboration with the Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization CSIRO. In the Vihanti-Pyhäsalmi area, exploration concentrated on the assessment of ore Hannu Makkonen and potential in mineral occurrences and identification of ore formation. Field and Jorma Räsänen, two laboratory studies were conducted in collaboration with the Australian James Cook geologists taking a look University. The intention was also to locate new rock units and zinc mineralizations at the Western Australi- that are likely to yield ore, using rich geophysical, geochemical and bedrock an komatiite belt. The geology material and analyses. The data generated in the study was compiled as a research is linked with a four-year cooperation comprehensive data package that was used in both regional and site modelling. project between GTK The ore potential of the central Lapland and Kotalahti nickel belts was studied in and the Australian collaboration with CSIRO. The aim is to see whether possible nickel ore formation research institute CSIRO that has taken place deep in the Earth’s crust is in evidence in volcanic rock that has to study a number of made its way to the surface. Major and trace elements were analysed in the things including volcanic aggregate, with special emphasis on platinum metal concentrations, which are low rocks in nickel belts. in the volcanic rocks if nickel ore has formed. Sampling in the komatiite area in Photo: Robin Hill, CSIRO. Sattasvaara and the nickel belt in Kotalahti was completed.
10 BEDROCK AND RAW MATERIALS
Metallic mines in Industrial mineral mines and Dimension stone Finland quarries in Finland quarries in Finland
Industrial minerals There is a growing demand from Finnish industry for pigment minerals, which GTK is seeking to answer by exploration for industrial minerals. Exploration for ilmenite took place in western Finland and for carbonaceous rock in southwest Finland. The most promising deposits are the calcite-wollastonite deposit at Kairineva in Halsua and the calcite deposit at Hakala in Sauvo. Companies exploring for diamonds in eastern Finland largely turned to GTK. Indeed, its diamond exploration services have become an important part of GTK service sales. Research and development was carried out in collaboration with customers and the Academy of Finland also supported diamond exploration. The GTK mineralogical research laboratory improved the processing of explora- tion results for industrial minerals to ensure that they are comparable. Extensive mineral analyses and process mineralogical studies were carried out for the industry and the analysis of diamond indicators was improved. A seminar was held in Stone and aggregates Lappeenranta, dealing with the region’s natural stone Imports of natural stone have declined in recent years. In contrast, the use and resources and their com- export of Finnish stone have increased and stone has become more popular mercialisation, local especially in environmental construction. businesses and cooperation It is GTK’s aim to map Finland’s stone resources in their entirety and ensure that with neighbouring areas. the stone industry will have access to raw material and use it in a sustainable Between lectures there was manner. The results of exploration surveys in South Karelia and Kymenlaakso and an opportunity to have a proposals for further exploration were presented to businesses, while jointly funded look at familiar and unfa- miliar types of building stone projects in central Lapland and eastern Uusimaa were completed. A new stone. Photo: Eila Karhu.
11 Deep structural studies of jointly financed survey project was launched in Pirkanmaa and negotiations were bedrock were continued as part held on the financing of rock projects in southwest Lapland, northern Ostrobothnia, of the debt conversion pro- southwest Finland and central Finland. gramme between the Finnish The results of the inventory of construction rock resources in South Karelia were and Russian governments. The deep seismic reflection soun- published in conjunction with a natural stone seminar held in Lappeenranta. The ding project is being performed seminar’s themes were commercialization, business activities and the rock resour- in collaboration with the ces of southeast Finland, plus the stone sector and cooperation with neighbouring Institute of Seismology at the areas. Potential for stone production and development needs in northwest Russia University of Helsinki, the were a special concern, as were the growing stone markets in Russia especially St Institute of Geosciences at the Petersburg. Stone-related joint ventures financed from Interreg programmes have University of Oulu and the already been carried out with the geological institute of the Russian Academy of geophysical observatory at Sodankylä. The sounding work Science in Petrozavodsk. is being carried out by the Regional inventories of building stone were carried out in eastern Uusimaa and Russian State-owned company Pirkanmaa. A survey was conducted of the building stone and rock aggregate Spetsgeofizika. resources in the municipality of Alajärvi. GTK took an active part in planning and building the Finnish Stone Centre in Juuka. The purpose of the Centre is to enhance general awareness of natural stone, expand the Finnish stone industry, conduct research and development and training projects and generate new small-scale business activity in the region. The inventory of bedrock aggregate was continued in east Uusimaa and Kymen- laakso as part of the POSKI project to integrate groundwater protection measures and aggregate supply. In addition, GTK conducted a geological survey for construc- tion purposes of the bedrock on the planned railway shortcut between Kerava and Lahti. Stone and aggregate studies commissioned by local authorities and busines- The deep seismic measuring ses were also carried out. Stone and bedrock aggregate studies were conducted on signal is generated by five the western and southern coasts of Greenland in collaboration with the Geological specially built vibration ve- Survey of Denmark and Greenland. hicles, shown here on the road to Keuruu. Photo: Ilmo Kukkonen. Promoting the minerals industry GTK improved its Internet services and web site which provide the minerals industry with information on Finnish bedrock, ore exploration opportunities, GTK material and Finnish legislation. The Ministry of Trade and Industry transferred the marketing of GTK exploration targets to the Internet, which increased business interest in Finland. GTK has contributed to the development of the biennial Fennoscandian Explora- tion and Mining (FEM) conference held in Rovaniemi. A cooperation agreement has been signed by FEM and the PDAC (Prospectors & Developers Association of Canada) held annually in Toronto to promote the recognition of Fennoscandia and Finland in the prospecting and mining sector. GTK also has a visible presence at the annual IMI conferences (Industrial Mineral International Congress) and at the international stone fairs at Carrara and Nuremberg. The industry-led KIVI (=rock) technology and development programme was completed. One of the key GTK projects was the creation of an environment system for the stone sector. New ideas and products were also developed during the project. GTK stone research and development activities were strengthened substantially Alexander Sisunov, the opera- with the creation of a new research professorship and new applications are being tor, and Boris Ryzhkov, the interpreter, checking the developed to increase the use of stone and promote sustainable development. results on a mobile research Further studies were conducted on sites found by GTK and additional investments station fitted on the back of a were made in accordance with sales agreements signed between the Ministry of lorry. Trade and Industry and the companies concerned. Following international compe- Photo: Ilmo Kukkonen. titive tenders, companies launched follow-up studies at the calcite deposit at
12 BEDROCK AND RAW MATERIALS
Hyypiänmäki in Kisko and at the calcite-dolomite deposit at Iso-Sorro in Kisko. A private company continued profitability studies on ilmenite at Koivusaarenneva in Kälviä. The Northern Finland Environmental Permit Authority has granted a mining permit for the gold deposit located by GTK at Suurikuusikko in Kittilä. Work started on planning a project to compile a metallogenic map of Fennoscan- dia in collaboration with the Geological Surveys of Norway and Sweden and organizations that come under the Modelling based on drilling Russian Ministry of Natural of the overburden and Resources. GTK will act as bedrock surrounding two the project coordinator. The kimberlite pipes at Lahtojo- map and the related data- ki near Kaavi. The kimberli- bases will help to as- te intersections are shown sess the ore poten- in pink, the remainder of the tial of the entire bedrock is in grey, moraine soil types in yellowish Fennoscandian brown and clay in blue. The shield. three different levels of the diagram show ground level and the different levels of the rock and the moraine. Knowledge of the transport of the heavy minerals The Peu- containing indicator mine- raneva fold struc- rals improves the accuracy ture has been modelled as of diamond exploration. part of the zinc research in the Model: Jyrki Parkkinen. Vihanti area. The model is based on geophysical interpretation and deep drilling data. The colours show the magnetism of the models, which increases from white to green via yellow and blue. Model: Aimo Ruotsalainen.
BEDROCK AND RAW MATERIALS 2002
planned implemented
Claims related to mineral exploration, hectares 7 000 12 298 Economically significant exploration targets reported to the Ministry of Trade and Industry 6 5 Aerogeophysical surveys, line km 120 000 133 000 Gravimetric surveys, km2 2 000 1 200 Bedrock mapping, km2 800 5 263 Bedrock maps 1:100 000 5 6 Bedrock observations/KALPEA 7 000 6 857 Inventory of rock aggregates, km2 1 500 1 500
13 PROGRAMME-BASED ACTIVITIES Land use and environment
The Land use and environ- Active cooperation with stakeholders and customers has helped to ensure the ment programme covers the effectiveness of the land use and environment programme and determine its mapping and studying of development needs. As a whole the programme was able to meet its targets and produce useful results, while specific performance targets in mapping were all Quaternary deposits and the achieved. More scientific articles than ever before were published in international natural resources they series, especially on the subject of global change and on research into the disposal contain, and research on the of nuclear waste. The Barents Ecogeochemistry project, dealing with mapping of environmental geology of the environmental geochemistry in northwest Russia, progressed to the reporting Earth’s crust. The aim is to stage. The project on an environmental information system for natural stone production, produce information and which is part of the Tekes KIVI Technology Programme, was concluded. Two EU services for decision-makers, projects were in progress and three new ones were launched. Under the EU Sixth land use planning, industry Framework Programme, a number of preliminary applications were drawn up and commerce that will within the Network of Excellence dealing with sustainable use of natural resources help to secure the supply of and the environmental impacts of climate change. Preparatory work was carried out in conjunction with the Ministry of the Environment on an accounting system for raw materials and ensure extractable natural resources. An agreement was drawn up with the University of land use according to the Kuopio on establishing a joint professorship linked with the minerals industry and principles of sustainable research on the environmental impact of land use. GTK expertise was used in a development. number of ways including preparatory work on legislation connected with the sector and international applications of it. Work continued on linking our opera- tions to our quality system and, in practice, all the mapping functions of the programme came under the quality system by the end of the year.
Quaternary deposits and marine geological mapping In the mapping of Quaternary deposits at 1:20 000 and 1:50 000 scale, the main focus remained on digitizing which is intended to make the material more easily available and user-friendly. Annual targets were clearly exceeded and as a result, the main part of the digitizing operation will be concluded in 2003. A study was carried out on mapping needs and the results will be used to focus mapping on a regional basis. Most of the new mapping took place in the coastal areas of southern Finland and around Oulu, both important regions in terms of land use, and a total of ten base-map areas were mapped altogether. Geological soundings and surveys of the seabed were carried out mainly off coastal towns on the Gulf of Bothnia and in the vicinity. One third of the survey work was carried out with joint funding from Metsähallitus (Finnish Forest and Park Service). As a result of contract work on fairways and route clearance, sounding targets were exceeded by almost double. The joint research vessel project that is being implemented in conjunction with the Naval Research Institute progressed to the tender and contract stage, and the procurement contract for the vessel was signed with a Finnish shipbuilder in late autumn.
Natural resources mapping Mapping of soil, rock and aggregate resources continued in a number of areas in southern, eastern and southeastern Finland in the form of POSKI projects intended to harmonize the requirements of ground water protection and the supply of aggregates. In addition to GTK, these projects are being funded jointly by the local Regional Councils, the environmental administration and by some important companies in southern Finland and Kymi. Projects in the sub-regions of Kymi, eastern Uusimaa, Outokumpu and Joensuu
14 Soil and soil formation map of Sotkamo. GTK carried out a pilot project in collaboration with Agrifood Research Fin- land (MTT) and the Finnish Forest Research Institute (Metla) to study the production of digital information at a scale of 1:250 000 on soil types and soil formation using the latest data-processing technology. The results showed that by applying interpretation and care- fully targeted fieldwork, high-quality new informa- tion can be produced both on unchanged soil or soil types, and on soils with a changed surface layer or soil formation types. As a result it was decided to begin a five-year project to produce datasets on soil types and soil forma- tion types covering the whole country. User needs are being taken into account as carefully as Soil database and deliverables Georeferenced possible. The datasets will Soil Database be of benefit in land use for Europe (ESB) planning, environmental conservation, agriculture and forestry, and defence Soil type patterns, strategy and will serve EU aerogeophysical interpre- Soil map GTK SOIL 1 : 250 000 needs, as well. tation, observations, ana- DATABASE lyses, drillings etc. Contributions by research institutes to the joint soils and soil formation pro- Forest soil types, - Geometry METLA Other numerical ject. classification of forest soils, 1 : 250 000 material The results of the project integration of soil patterns are also being stored in the European Soil Bureau - Profiles information systems to Arable land soil types, meet EU needs. Photos: (VP, TIKE), profiles, Reports, printouts Raimo Nevalainen. MTT soil interpretation, - Attributes soil data base
- Geometry 1 : 1 000 000 Soil Geographical GL Georeferencing Database for Europe 1 : 1 000 000 updating for Finland
15 were coming to an end and the survey results were reported to the partners concerned. A new POSKI project was launched in the sub-region of Central Karjala. A follow-up plan was drawn up in conjunction with the environmental administration to extend the POSKI concept to areas where there is an established need to harmonise aggregate supply and water supply. Several detailed inventories were carried out and extraction schemes prepared for companies, in the form of contract work. In conjunction with work on updating the Land Extraction Decree, GTK discus- sed the issue of extractable natural resources accounting with the Ministry of the Environment. The aim is to commence work in 2003 on constructing a system that will permit such accounting as a cooperation project between GTK and the Ministry of the Environment. In the mapping of groundwater areas, the focus was on the most important esker aquifers in the vicinity of built-up areas. The projects were coordinated with the Finnish environmental administration and the water cooperatives, who also provi- ded some of the funding. GTK’s role is to determine the geological and geophysical methods by which the geological structures have been formed and the conditions for storage and flow of groundwater, which form the basis for sustainable use of groundwater and other local land use planning. The results also contribute to the aims of the EU Water Framework Directive. Research was conducted on the Vihanti ridge and several parts of the Salpausselkä ridge in connection with the VIRMA flow modelling project, which is a joint GTK/VTT operation. GTK continued its development project on the three-dimensional structural survey of aquifers. It also charted the need for structural surveys of groundwater areas in order to draw up a systematic survey programme for them. In line with the needs of the industry, fieldwork on peat deposit mapping was focused on Central Finland, Ostrobothnia and southern Lapland. To ensure that the selection of areas would satisfy all the parties concerned, the Ministry of Trade and Industry organized a research coordination meeting for representatives of the peat industry and the most important producers. Altogether, an area of over 30 000 hectares was surveyed, 10% of which was contract work for private investment. GTK took part in the study on estimated future use of peat, commissioned by the Ministry of Trade and Industry. The extent of the survey corresponds well with the latest calculations on the survey work required annually to secure the raw material reserves needed by industry. The results from surveying peat reserves in eight municipalities were published The project studying the in report form. The reported results comprise 7718 hectares of peatland suitable for environmental impact of peat energy production, which contain a total of 121 million cubic metres of energy natural stone production, peat. In terms of energy content this corresponds to 60 TWh, or almost three times which had been running for the amount of energy currently generated from peat annually. Some 1722 hectares many years, was completed. of the reported area contain 12 million cubic metres suitable for use as garden peat, The project was part of the roughly six times the amount of garden peat used annually. Tekes KIVI technology pro- gramme and it studied the impact of stone production on Natural resources and the environment groundwater. The picture Studies of the environmental condition of disused mines in eastern Finland were above shows drilling for water continued in a number of places in cooperation with industry and the universities, in the rock and, below, water either with joint funding or as contract work. The research focused on the flow of samples are being taken from seepage waters from sulphide mines with high metallic and arsenic content. The the borehole for chemical idea is to develop sustainable and economic remediation measures for managing analysis. Photo above: Miikka the problems caused by the harmful environmental impacts of sulphide mines. A Paalijärvi, photo below: Olli Breilin. report was published on the suitability of solubility tests in determining the
16 LAND USE AND ENVIRONMENT
Sulphur content The Barents Ecogeoche- of moss mistry project is surveying the state of the geochemi- cal environment in north- western Russia and northeastern Finland and Norway. The five-year project (1999-2003) is mainly being financed by neighbouring area funding from the Ministry of the Environment and the Ministry of Trade and Industry, GTK and various Russian organizations including the Ministry of Natural Resources. The project is based on the accurate chemical analy- sis of a variety of natural materials such as soils, mosses and stream water, which can be used to determine the extent to Sulphate content which variation in chemi- of humus cal concentrations is caused by natural geologi- cal factors, which in turn are caused by humans. Results from the project will help in regional economic development and environmental care. The project is on schedule and has progressed to the report stage.
The illustrations show variations in the sulphur content of moss and the sulphate content of humus. The high sulphur content in mosses around St Petersburg and in sout- hern Finland reflects the impact of human activity. Variations in the sulphate content of stream water are mainly due to natural causes. In the red areas on environmental eligibility and fitness for landfill sites of by-products from the the map concentrations mineral industry. are high and in the blue, The EU financed MINEO project reached the reporting stage. The project is low. assessing and monitoring the environmental impact of mining and quarrying using advanced Earth observation techniques and will be completed in 2003. A project on an environmental information system for stone production, which is part of the Tekes KIVI Technology Programme that has been running for several years, was
17 concluded and the final report prepared for printing. The project had been studying the effects of noise, vibration, dust and water in the stone production industry in cooperation with industry and the universities. A computer registration system for by-products and waste from the mineral industry was drawn up in collaboration with various stakeholders. The idea of registration is to increase the recycling of by- products and waste, and to comply with the obligations contained in the coming EU Mining Waste Directive.
Land use The first stage of the international, jointly funded PERMAFROST research project was concluded and reported on. The purpose of the project is to investigate the effects of permafrost on the final disposal of spent nuclear fuel. The second stage of the project was begun by determining the level of the underside of the permafrost layer in bedrock and the behaviour of water in mines located in the arctic areas of northern Canada. The project is being jointly funded by Finnish, Swedish and English power companies and universities. A new projects, to be funded under the EU INTERREG programme, was started. The SEAREG project, which will be running for several years, deals with the effects of climate change on surface variation in the Baltic basin and land use planning in the countries around the Baltic rim. GTK has also been chosen to coordinate a pan-European research project to study management of the risks from nature and human activity in spatial planning. The research project is part of the GTK added to the geolo- broader ESPON 2006 research programme intended to serve spatial planning and gical excursion map development in an enlarged EU. series by publishing a The FEMMA project, which is funded by the Academy of Finland, continued. The map of the Lemmenjoki project is developing a method of modelling the effects of forestry on waterways National Park. and the long-term nutrient state in forests based on three-dimensional soil model- ling. The project is being coordinated by the Finnish Forest Research Institute (METLA) and involves the Universities of Oulu and Joensuu in addition to GTK. A number of worthwhile geological mapping projects on moraine formations and exposed bedrock continued as planned, mainly funded by the Ministry of the Environment. The extremely popular series of geological excursion maps and guidebooks was added to by publishing a geological excursion map of the Lemmenjoki National Park and preparing the map and guide to the Koli National Park for printing. Preparatory work continued on funding for the GEONAT project linked with the proposal to include the Kvarken area on the UN World Heritage List. Most of the research on contaminated soil came under contract services. Risk assessment methods were developed in collaboration with industry by studying the effects of soil structure in the migration of chemicals in the subsoil. The EU- financed TOXICAL project, which is being coordinated by GTK, continued according to plan. The project is intended to develop environmental and IT technology for real-time monitoring of contaminated groundwater areas in specific parts of Eastern Europe.
State of the environment and environmental change The environmental geochemical survey project in northwest Russia progressed to the stages of analysing samples and reporting. The project is being run by GTK and a number of organizations in Russia are also cooperating in it. The FOREGS Ravadasköngäs rapids (Forum of European Geological Surveys Directors) geochemical survey program- at Lemmenjoki. Photo: Peter Johansson. me continued as a multinational cooperation project coordinated by GTK. The first
18 LAND USE AND ENVIRONMENT
The demand for GTK’s peat research reports has remained brisk since 1998. Survey data is important in assessing the economic and conservation value of peatlands. In 2002, 51 reports were produced for specific customers for energy and garden peat studies for conservation purposes and for environmental research and land ownership assessments. The Internet-based service for passing on survey data on peat reserves that is currently under construction is expected to increase demand still further. The service will be available in 2004. Soil surveys for agri- culture in eastern Finland. Photo: Jari Väätäinen.
LAND USE AND ENVIRONMENT 2002
planned implemented
Groundwater reservoirs, assessments on availability 10 9 Peat inventory, km2 350 300 Reported marketable amount of peat, million m3 90 135 Peat surveys, spot data 12 500 11 592 Surficial mapping 1:20 000/1:50 000, km2 1 200 996 Surficial maps 1:20 000/1:50 000 150 217 Spot data on surficial mapping 1 500 880 Marine geological mapping, km2 700 670 Marine geological sounding, line km 1 000 1 880 Fine-grained till is used to Marine geological assessments 6 18 rehabilitate polluted ground. Environmental assessments 75 54 Photo: Jari Väätäinen. preliminary drafts of a series of 400 maps covering the whole of Europe were completed. Negotiations have been conducted with the Elsevier printing house on publishing the maps in the form of a geochemical atlas. A number of scientific articles on paleoclimatic research, which comes under the heading of global change, were published in international series. Research on greenhouse gases from mires and the growing rate of peat was started in collabo- ration with the Universities of Joensuu and Helsinki. The research is linked with the Ministry of Trade and Industry research programme entitled Impacts on greenhou- se gases from the use of peat and peatlands in Finland. The research aims to produce scientifically valid information needed by the authorities on the significance of the use of peat and peatlands to Finland’s greenhouse-gas emission calculations.
19 Geoservices
The Geoservice Centre, Airborne services GTK’s national service The GTK airborne services group made a number of high-resolution surveys for unit comprises most of customers with the aim of obtaining detailed geophysical data for raw material studies in specific areas. Precision instruments and accurate real-time positioning GTK’s laboratory, give extremely good measurement resolution. Measurements were carried out on geophysical and field 50 and 75 metre line spacing. research services. Marine geology GTK and the Naval Research Institute made a decision to acquire a joint research vessel. The vessel will have a catamaran type hull, approx. 20 m long with a width of 7.5 m and will be equipped with twin 520 kW engines and water-jet propulsion. Cruising speed will be 20 knots, whereas normal working speed will be 3-4 knots. A contract for building the vessel was signed at GTK with Mobimar Oy, on November 18, 2002.
The contract for the research The vessel’s research equipment follows the currently used type, consisting of vessel was signed by Raimo seismic equipment, side scan sonar, research echo sounders and multi-beam echo Matikainen, Director General sounders. The procurement cost of the vessel is EUR 1.3 million and it will be of GTK (third from the left) completed in autumn 2003 when tests will be carried out. The research equipment and Harry Sandström the head will be installed during the winter of 2003-2004. Full-scale sea trials will be of the Geoservices unit for GTK, and by Rear Admiral performed during summer 2004 and any necessary alterations will be carried out Hans Holmström (second from on the basis of sea-trial experience. The vessel will finally be ready for use during the right), commander naval the summer season of 2005. forces and Engineer-Captain Pekka Lopmeri of the Naval Geolaboratory Research Institute for the In terms of output, last year was a record year for the Geolaboratory. The Navy. For the shipbuilders the laboratory supplied over 50 000 specimens for precious metal analysis to ore contract was signed by Henrik Immonen (second from the prospecting organizations operating in Northern Finland, a figure that is in a class left), chairman of the board of of its own in the EU area. Mobimar and Pauli Immonen The Geolaboratory extended its accreditation to cover soil sampling, as well. (left), managing director. Now, the whole chain of polluted land investigation, from sampling to analysis, Behind is Pekka Suomela, comes under the same accredited quality system. A new-generation portable field GTK’s legal counsel. Photo: analysis unit equipped with an X-ray tube, the first of its kind in Finland, was Jari Väätäinen. acquired for preliminary assessment of pollution in the field.
20 The Geolaboratory successfully took part in an international qualification-testing programme. The Geolaboratory’s expertise was used to audit other laboratories and in preparatory work on national guidelines for the accreditation of sample taking. In a joint project with Medivire the fitness for work of laboratory staff was improved through voluntary efforts and the ergonomics of key actions in laboratory work were improved. As a result of teamwork by the staff, a number of alterations and improvements were carried out which cut down strain and promoted job satisfaction.
Technical services In technical services, the Standard Operating Procedures that form part of the quality system were adopted. More certified sampling staff were trained to improve GTK’s sampling capability. Numerous commissions were carried out taking samples from polluted ground. Development work is continually being carried out on sampling for land and rock GTK carried out airborne surveys for a private company in Ireland, mapping. for mineral exploration purposes. Photo: Kai Nyman.
Julius Nyakaana, a geophysicist from Uganda, was on a 3-month training course at GTK and HUT funded by UNDESA. He made a thorough study of airborne survey work , data processing, quality control, and tender action and evaluation. He also took part in the survey activi- ties. Eventually, Nyakaana is expected to manage an extensive geophysical survey project in Uganda, financed by the World Bank. He made himself familiar with the technical aspects of airborne survey equipment on the plane, in the workshop and in the field. Photo: Kai Nyman. GEOSERVICES 2002
SUPPORT SERVICES planned implemented
Samples analysed chemically 75 000 99 405 Chemical determinations 1 500 000 2 525 596 Till samples taken 7 000 2 574 Soil samples (contaminated land) 1 300 610 Samples of lake and sea sediments 600 991 Water samples 600 1 036 Drilling, metres 33 000 32 096 Ground measurements 420 000 258 667 The Kuopio Geolaboratory’s BOUGHT SERVICES ergonomic project developed a Deep drilling, metres 35 000 31 729 weighing station with an adjustab- Ground measurements 40 000 39 369 le table. Photo: Jouko Könönen.
21 Information management
The Information resources Projects intended to improve the availability and usability of data made progress. management is intended to In the Geodata warehouse project, the geologists and research assistants who will ensure long-term availability, be using the systems in the future have been planning the specifications for the system content and its applicability. The project will enable GTK to act in accessibility and usability of accordance with specified requirements. During the preliminary phase, the project information. The most impor- has had to use roughly 7 manpower years of work to maintain the old systems, tant ways of achieving this because the only people familiar with them are the Geodata warehouse project staff. are by harmonizing working This has slowed the project down, so GTK has elected to keep it running until the methods and information end of 2004. The digitizing of GTK research data was almost completed. By the time it is management solutions, such concluded the digitizing project will have used up a total of almost 150 manpower as databases, software and years. IT architecture, by improving The speed of the network linking the GTK regional offices was increased to the documentation using widely maximum permitted by existing technology. Speeds from Kuopio and Rovaniemi accepted standards, by to Espoo and vice versa have quadrupled so that the digitization work has become far more efficient. ensuring equipment operabili- Data security has been stepped up with a new firewall system, which was taken ty and by improving skills. into use in mid-September. The backup system was also overhauled and the new system not only enables sufficiently frequent and comprehensive backups, but also makes it possible to take security backups that are stored outside GTK premises. Distribution of GTK map products via the Internet was studied in two projects, by testing various web-distribution software applications on the GTK intranet. A Quaternary deposits map site was launched in May. Information services maintained its 16 GTK databases on the Internet, covering areas such as archives, library, publications, drill core, mineralogical museum and photographs. A total of 28 852 visits and 212 631 search hits, were made to these from outside GTK, an increase of 51% on the previous year. The coverage of the databases was improved by renewing the reference data in the claims report database and updating the drill core archives data in the LOPPI database. International usage of GTK services was promoted by making available the multilingual MULTHES database, which contains the IUGS COGEINFO geologi- cal glossary in Finnish and 7 other languages, by increasing the English language descriptive data content, and by designing thematic literature reference lists for printing out directly from the databases. At the end of the year the databases contained a total of 144 000 records. The GEOSANASTO database was approved for attachment to the SFS Standard 5895, Dublin Core metadata format as a glossary for the geological sector. GTK published a total of 18 research studies and 8 maps in its own series and about 230 papers in external Finnish and foreign journals. A total of 2722 publications were sold and GTK had a total of 79 publication exchange partners in Finland and 359 abroad. The GTK libraries received a total of 1164 periodicals, of which 393 were purchased. In addition, a total of 1309 books and 362 geological maps were acquired. The libraries gave or forwarded a total of 8096 loans. A total of 154 geological maps, reports and other geological items were added to the archives, while some 31 shelf metres of administrative material was acquired and 18 shelf metres destroyed. A total of 9159 photocopies of archive material were supplied. The seventh storage building was completed for the National Drill Core Depot in Loppi and was taken into use at the beginning of September. Samples from various places including Taporova, Rautuvaara and the Kuopio unit were transferred to the
22 GTK opened its GEO- KARTTA service to the public at http:// www.gsf.fi/geokartta where you can browse Quaternary deposits maps and explanatory texts. The service was shown to stakeholders for the first time in Kuopio at the Geology Day in May. You can also use the service to study the terrain where you live. Maps can be ordered as printouts or in the original digital vector form. Photo: Eila Karhu.
Depot, totalling 25 200 boxes. A total of 2435 samples were handed over for research purposes. A total of 1536 people in groups of various size visited the Mineralogical Museum plus another 1200 individual visitors. Registry work was switched from Administration to Information Management and a cooperation project was started among the various units to harmonize operations, create a shared diary entry form and to acquire new software for registry use. Work started on the Library and Information Services Standard Operating Procedures and the Applications Development Manual in connection with the development of a quality system.
INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 2002
planned implemented Publications and reports 400 840
23 International cooperation
As part of its research and development activities, GTK develops new applica- tions, products and marketing to support its operations. This meets immediate needs and provides a background for increasing the impact of GTK operations in the future. Process development projects are carried out as joint undertakings by different GTK units working together. Projects funded by the European Commission constitute the largest group of international cooperative undertakings. These include the MINEO, TOXICAL, NuPulse, ENVRISK and EUROSEISMIC projects under the Fifth Framework Programme and the ESPON and SEAREG programmes, which come under the Interreg IIIb Programme. Some of these projects form part of the EU EuroGeoS- urveys network, an association of EU geological surveys. Biggest international projects are the Finnish-Russian Deep Seismic Reflection Sounding Survey in Finland, which is being carried out as a debt conversion project between the two countries, and the joint Finnish-Norwegian-Russian project on Barents Ecogeochemistry, which is intended to define the current geochemical state of land in northeast Europe. GTK also makes use of the expertise of Canadian, American and Australian universities and research institutes. GTK’s most important collaborative international scientific projects and partners include the following:
Geological mapping ¥ The 1:2 000 000 scale Geological Map of the Fennoscandian Shield was printed in February: Geological Survey of Sweden SGU, Geological Survey of Norway NGU, Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia, North- west Regional Geological Centre and State Company Mineral
Applied geophysics ¥ Spetsgeofizika, Russia: Deep Seismic Reflection Sounding in Finland — FIRE
¥ Virg-Rudgeofizika, Russia: Four electromagnetic measuring devices received and commissioned. Field-work on the TOXI- CAL project on water ¥ Europrobe Programme, Svekalapko Project: supply in Karabash in the Integration working group, geothermal, paleomagnetic and geoelectric sub- south Ural region. The projects photo shows Jussi Levei- nen and Juha Kaija from GTK (second and third • Object Oriented P223E EM Modelling — AMIRA from the left) studying the terrain with scientists ¥ Fennoscandian geophysical maps: from Russia and the EU. The 1:2 000 000 scale magnetic and Bouguer anomaly map of the Fennos- Pollution from the Kara- candian shield was prepared for printing and printed in collaboration with bash copper smelting Russia, Denmark and the Baltic countries. plant has for all practical purposes destroyed the vegetation to the east of ¥ Finnish-Russian cooperation: the plant. Magnetic maps of the Central Finland — Karelia and Northern Finland — Photo: Gabor Gaál. Kola areas, at a scale of 1:1 000 000, were printed as Finnish-Russian bilateral cooperation.
24 State of the environment and sustainable development GTK collaborated with the Geological Survey of ¥ Barents Ecogeochemistry: Denmark and Greenland Regional geochemical sampling in Russia, Finland and Norway in the GEUS on studies of stone western part of the project area. S/C Mineral, Arkangelskgeolrasvedka, and rock aggregates on Central Kola Expedition and S/C Mireko (formerly Poljarnouralgeologia) the south and west coasts of Greenland. ¥ FOREGS: Geochemistry Working Group Study area in southern Greenland. The research group was based on a ¥ A non-destructive Pulse Neutron Multiple Detector Tool for use in research vessel and used environmental, hydrocarbon and mineral exploration work — NuPulse it for moving about. Photo: Paavo Härmä. ¥ The spatial effects and management of natural and technological hazards in general and in relation to climate change — ESPON
• European seismic metadata and information centre — EUROSEISMIC
¥ Strategy development for long-term pollution control in regions of extreme environmental risk — ENVRISK/INTAS
25 ¥ Sea-level change affecting spatial development in the Baltic Sea Region — SEAREG/Interreg IIIB
¥ Assessing and monitoring the environmental impact of mining activities in Europe using advanced Earth Observation techniques — MINEO
¥ European Environmental Agency — EEA: European Topic Centre/ Terrestrial Environment — ETC/TE
¥ Permafrost (GTK, SKB, Posiva, Nirex, OPG)
Research on minerals and materials ¥ University of Cape Town
¥ Independent Diamond Laboratory, Perth
¥ NORDSIM, Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm
¥ All-Russian Geological Research Institute (VSEGEI), St Petersburg
¥ Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, Petrozavodsk and Apatity GTK signed an agreement in Maputo with the Mozambique ¥ Estonian Geological Survey EGK Ministry of Mineral Resources and Energy (MIREME) for a Promoting the mineral industry four-year survey project in ¥ James Cook University; Economic Geology Research Unit: Mozambique in the provinces The Vihanti-Pyhäsalmi zone, the Central Lapland greenstone belt, and iron of Sofala, Manica and Tete. oxide-copper-gold deposits in Lapland GTK is to carry out a geologi- cal survey of 164 000 km2 in these areas. The project is ¥ University of Queensland, Department of Earth Sciences: part of the Mineral Resources Structural geological study of southern Finland Management Capacity Buil- ding Project with the aim of ¥ CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organizati- expanding basic geological on): Joint research on komatiites and mafic volcanic rocks in Finland; know-how to meet the needs of Outokumpu ore-deposit modelling mineral exploration. The Minister of Mineral Resources and Energy Castigo Water supply Langa on the left and Gabor ¥ Toxic Pollution Detection in Ground Water: Gaál of GTK on the right, at From real-time early warning to overall assessment — TOXICAL the signing ceremony in Maputo. Photo: Matti I. ¥ University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada: Lehtonen. Water-Rock Interaction Project Yrjö Pekkala, Deputy Director of GTK (left) and Tapio Lehto Project exports (right), a GTK geologist, During the year under review, GTK carried out a number of projects outside visiting the survey area in Finland, which clearly called for a broader range of expertise than before. For the Tete in the northwest corner of first time experts from all GTK units were involved in foreign projects and we were Mozambique, with their guide able to offer young experts more demanding international assignments than ever Joao Marques from Gondwa- before. GTK pooled their resources with various partners, which in turn called for na Lda. Photo: Matti I. Lehtonen.
26 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
International commercial projects 2002
■■■ Country and ■ Clients ■ Content ■ Client’s aims ■■■ funding source ■ Partners
IRELAND Private company Geophysical To support mineral Company Finnair Cargo airborne survey exploration
Geological Survey of DENMARK/ Denmark and Greenland Geological survey Diamond exploration GREENLAND Public (GEUS)
MOZAMBIQUE Ministry of Mineral Geological survey of To promote mineral Nordic Development Resources and Energy, northern Mozambique. exploration and investment Fund (NDF) Mozambique, Geological GIS data management in the mining industry Survey of Sweden, and map production Geological Survey of Denmark, ITC (Holland) and Gondwana Lda (Mozambique)
ZAMBIA ZCCM Holdings and the Assessment of Sharing environmental World Bank Ministry of Environment environmental hazards responsibility between the and Natural Resources, caused by the mining State and the mining industry Zambia industry
interactive skills and understanding of contracts. These broad-based projects also called for the development of risk management skills in association with project activities. The biggest project abroad won on a competitive basis is a geological survey project in Mozambique funded by The World Bank, the Nordic Development Fund and the Mozambique government. The aim of the project is to increase investment in the Mozambique mineral sector, boost export income, improve employment and build up an industry based on raw materials production. The application of GTK expertise to the export project market has continued to develop favourably. Various funding organizations are putting together a number of institutional projects in the minerals sector that demand collected expertise. Rather than narrow in-depth expertise, the new project markets call to a growing extent for collected expertise and the ability to combine environmental, social, economic and legal expertise with geo-scientific expertise. This is something that can best be achieved by networking between experts. The aim of the GTK business management group that has recently been started is to look after GTK’s competitiveness in commercial projects outside Finland and The GTK stand recognise the need for improvement when it exists. at the PDAC conference in Toronto. Photo: Pekka Nurmi.
27 Finance and administration
The GTK organization was restructured at the beginning of 2002. The most important changes compared with the previous arrangements were the merger of the Research and Development Unit, the Regional Office for Southern Finland and the GIS services of the Communications Unit into the Espoo Unit. At the same time, the Regional Office for Mid-Finland in Kuopio became the Kuopio Unit, the Regional Office for Northern Finland became the Rovaniemi Unit and the Commu- nications Unit became the Information Resources Management. In addition, a Director’s Staff was formed under the Director General to help with management and maintain relations with interest groups. GTK improved its personnel structure in line with its personnel policy and gave some fixed-term staff permanent positions. In order to control the management of staff expertise, current levels of staff competence were carefully charted, different areas of expertise were defined and the expertise requirements for various task groups were specified. The action that needs to be taken was prioritized on the basis of the competence study. As part of the programme for maintaining and improving staff working ability, the human resources project studying the health and working ability of staff in the 42 to 53 years age group was continued and a programme to improve the health of Geolaboratory staff was implemented on an individual basis. The key issues in financial administration during 2002 were the measures associated with the introduction of the euro that were adopted in financial data systems and elsewhere. The conversion of the financial administration systems to the euro was mainly carried out at the beginning of the year, so that the annual accounts for the previous year were in Finnish marks for the last time. GTK overhauled its financial rules to place particular emphasis on the importance of internal supervision and management responsibility at every level. During the year under review, financial administration also implemented the revised arrangements for State financial transactions in which Nordea became the principal bank for transactions. Work started on the construction of a set of indicators based on the Balanced Scorecard system to improve operational management. During 2002, the critical success factors and criteria at GTK level were sketched out in preliminary form. The intention is to complete the work during 2003 and adopt the actual criteria in 2004. An external evaluation of GTK’s administrative services was carried out during the year under review.
Staff by education 2002 Income by customer group in 2002
PhD Other 0.2 mil- 10% lion € (2%) Licentiate Comprehensive 5% Foreign customers school or equi- Trade and in- 2.5 million € (29%) valent 35% dustry 3.5 milli- on € (40%) Other academic degree 28%
EU funding for research projects 0.3 million € (4%)
Upper Local authorities Central government secondary 22% 0.6 million € (7%) 1.6 million € (18%)
28 Personnel Income in 1998-2002 Manpower years totalled 809, two less than the previous year. The number of manpower years in contract services went down by five on the previous year, while Million euros the number in other services grew by seven. The number of manpower years based on job-creation schemes showed a distinct reduction on the previous year. At the end of the year, 43% of GTK staff had completed a university degree and over one third of them had received researcher training. At the same time, GTK staff held 29 lectureships at universities.
Income GTK income in 2002 came to EUR 8.7 million, of which EUR 6.7 million came from contract services and EUR 2 million from other sources. Income was down 3% on the previous year, but the target for 2002 was exceeded by EUR 0.6 million, while income from contract services was down EUR 151 000. As far as contract services are concerned, GTK’s investment in the big Mozambique project will not begin to generate income until some time in the future. Income from other services went also down by EUR 145 000. Finnish businesses and foreign clients made up the largest customer groups in contract services, while in other services the largest income-generating group was government and public administration. There was no significant change in the structure of GTK funding. Income and external funding covered 20% of expenditure. Annual income Costs In value of 2002 currency Overall costs in 2002 amounted to EUR 48.2 million, which was up slightly on the year before. Payroll costs amounted to EUR 28.5 million (59%) and running costs to EUR 17.1 million (36%) of the total. Capital costs were EUR 2.6 million (5%), while capital costs on fixed assets came to EUR 2.5 million, of which EUR 2.2 Expenditure in 1998-2002 million were depreciations and EUR 0.3 million interest payments, at an interest Million euros rate of 4.9%. Interest payments on current assets totalled EUR 0.1 million at an 50 interest rate of 2.3%.
Premises At the end of 2002, GTK had about 45 500 m2 of State-owned premises at its 40 disposal. The head offices at Otaniemi in Espoo covered 18 948 m2, the Kuopio office 9 170 m2 and the Rovaniemi office 5 270 m2. The total area of the buildings at the National Core Sample Depot at Loppi was 6 954 m2. 30
Review of the financial statements Income and expenditure statement January 1 to December 31, 2002 20 Deficit for the financial year was EUR 40.2 million, EUR 0.2 million more than the previous year. Operating expenses were up EUR 4.2 million on 2001. The largest item of expenditure was staff expenses at EUR 28.5 10 million, which amounted to 53% of operating expenses. Second largest item of expenditure was acquisition of services, which grew EUR 3.0 million to EUR 13.1 million and amounted to 24% of operating expenses. Acquisition 0 of services includes the EUR 6 million expenses of the deep seismic 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 reflection sounding project carried out as Russian debt conversion work. Correspondingly, the income from debt conversion has been entered as Annual expenditure In value of 2002 currency extraordinary income. Purchases of materials, supplies and goods remained at the same level as the previous year and amounted to EUR 2.9 million. Travel expenses increased EUR 0.2 million to EUR 2.6 million. Capital
29 investments in 2002 stood at EUR 2.1 million including investments related to acquisition of the new research vessel (EUR 0.4 million) and debt conversion procurement (EUR 0.5 million). Any differences between the items in the income and expenditure statement and the accumulated income and expenditure for 2002 are mainly due to differences between financial bookkeeping used as a basis for the income and expenditure statement and budget bookkeeping based on net budgeting.
Balance sheet, December 31, 2002 The balance sheet total was EUR 13.3 million, an increase of EUR 0.6 million on the previous year.
Assets The value of fixed assets came to EUR 6.4 million, EUR 0.1 million bigger than the previous year. Current assets remained at the previous year’s level of EUR 4.8 million, while accounts receivable grew EUR 0.6 million to EUR 1.9 million.
Liabilities The State’s equity totalled EUR 6.2 million, down EUR 0.2 million on the previous year. Liabilities came to EUR 7.1 million, of which accounts payable came to EUR 1.2 million. Advanced payments received showed a clear increase on the previous year mainly due to the advance payment of EUR 0.5 million received for the Mozambique project. Accrued expenses of EUR 3.9 million consisted entirely of holiday pay liabilities.
Staff in manpower years 2001 2002
Contract services 80 75 Other operations 697 704 Total budget funding 777 779
Employment funds 25 18 Other external funds 9 12 Total external funds 34 30
Grand total 811 809
Staff, costs and income by programmes in 2001 and 2002
2001 2002 2002/2001 MANPOWER YEARS (mpy) Mpy/1000 € % Mpy/1000 € % Change %
Bedrock and raw materials 440 54 426 53 -3 Land use and environment 240 30 248 30 3 Information management 131 16 135 17 3 811 100 809 100 0
COSTS (1000 €) Bedrock and raw materials 26 901 56 26 752 55 -1 Land use and environment 12 830 27 13 328 28 4 Information management 7 897 17 8 117 17 3 47 628 100 48 197 100 1
INCOME (1000 €) Bedrock and raw materials 5 347 60 5 364 62 0 Land use and environment 3 138 35 3 038 35 -3 Information management 482 5 269 3 -44 8 967 100 8 671 100 -3
30 FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION
Costs in 2001 and 2002
2001 2002 2002/2001 1 000 € 1 000 € Change %
Payroll 27 825 28 485 2,4 Running costs 17 342 17 139 -1,2 Capital costs 2 461 2 573 4,6
Total costs 47 628 48 197 1,2
Costs responsibility calculation of contract services in 2001 and 2002
2001 2002 2002/2001 1 000 € 1 000 € Change %
Revenues from contract services 6 861 6 709 -2
Direct costs of contract services -4 521 -4 679 3 Proportion of contract services in common costs -1 532 -1 436 -6 Total costs of contract services -6 053 -6 115 1
Fixed overplus (revenues - direct costs) 2 340 2 030 -13 - % of income 34 30 Surplus (revenues - total costs) 808 594 -26 - % of income 12 9
Income % of costs 113 110
Scope of operations by unit in 2002
Income Expenditure Staff 1 000 € %1 000 € % Htv %
Espoo Unit 2 986 34 11 416 24 216 27 Kuopio Unit 899 10 6 322 14 132 16 Rovaniemi Unit 443 5 4 741 10 96 12 Geoservice Centre 4 136 48 17 941 38 272 33 Information Mgmt 58 1 3 423 7 47 6 Mgmt and Admin. 149 2 3 335 7 46 6
GTK TOTAL 8 671 100 47 178 100 809 100
31 Income and expenditure statement (1000 €)
1.1.2002 - 1.1.2001- 31.12.2002 31.12.2001
Operating income Income from contract services 6 709 6 860 Other operating income 2 001 8 710 1 921 8 781
Operating expenses Materials, supplies and goods: Purchases during the financial period 2 853 2 842 Increase (-) or decrease (+) in stocks 185 -8 Staff expenses 28 520 27 686 Rents 3 967 3 888 Purchased services 13 097 10 063 Other expenses 3 043 2 868 Increase (-) or decrease (+) in products stocks -112 13 Manufacturing for own use (-) -97 -45 Depreciation 2 153 -53 609 2 055 -49 362
Deficit I -44 899 -40 581
Financial income and expenses Financial income 2 3 Financial expenses 1 1 0 3
Extraordinary income and expenses Extraordinary income 6 511 2 510 Extraordinary expenses 40 6 471 6 2 504
Deficit II -38 427 -38 074
Income and expenses from payment transfers Expenses 31 -31 - -
Deficit III -38 458 -38 074
Income from taxes and compulsory charges Value added tax collected 1 331 1 367 Value added tax paid 3 116 -1 785 3 327 -1 960
Deficit for financial period -40 243 -40 034
32 FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION
Balance sheet (1000 €)
31.12.2002 31.12.2001
ASSETS
Fixed assets and other long-term investments
Intangible assets 904 1 036 Tangible assets 5 449 5 233 Shares and other long-term investments 5 5 6 358 6 274
Current and financial assets
Materials, supplies and goods in stock 4 766 4 840
Short-term receivables Accounts receivables 1 947 1 383 Prepaid expenses and accrued income 211 203 Other short-term receivables 15 2 Advance payments 2 2 175 1 588
Cash, bank receivables and other financial assets 3 6 944 6 428
Total assets 13 302 12 702
LIABILITIES
Own capital
State’s equity 6 171 6 402
Liabilities Long-term Other long-term liabilities 5 4
Short-term Advance payments received 736 66 Accounts payable 1 212 1 493 Transactions between accounting offices 656 610 Items to be forwarded for payment 435 472 Accrued expenses 3 911 3 633 Other short-term liabilities 176 22 7 126 6 296
7 131 6 300
Total liabilities 13 302 12 702
33 34 Geological Survey of Finland publications and reports 2002
Tutkimusraportti - Ydinjätteiden sijoitustutkimukset, Suomen geologinen kartta - Report of Investigation Tiedonanto - Nuclear Waste Geological map of Finland, 1 : 100 000 Disposal Research, Report 155 Lahermo, Pertti; Tarvainen, Timo; - Kallioperäkarttojen selitykset - Hatakka, Tarja; Backman, Birgitta; Jun- 106 Vaganov, Petr 2002. IAEA Coordi- Explanation to the maps of tunen, Risto; Kortelainen, Nina; Lakomaa, nated Research Project (CRP) “The use of Pre-Quaternary rocks (8 €) Tuula; Nikkarinen, Maria; Vesterbacka, selected safety indicators (concentrations, flu- Pia; Väisänen, Ulpu & Suomela, Pekka: xes) in the assessment of radioactive waste Pekkarinen, Lauri: Haukivuoren ja Pieksä- Tuhat kaivoa - Suomen kaivovesien fysikaa- disposal”. Report 1: Geochemical cycles, the mäen kartta-alueiden kallioperä. Summary: lis-kemiallinen laatu vuonna 1999. Summary: dispersion and concentration of elements in Pre-Quaternary rocks of the Haukivuori and One thousand wells - the physical-chemical the earth’s crust - global, regional and local Pieksämäki map-sheet areas. 98 p., 3 apps. quality of Finnish well waters in 1999. 92 p. scale. 169 p. (18 €) (18 €) - Kallioperäkartat - 107 Vaganov, Petr 2002. IAEA Coordi- Pre-Quaternary rocks (8 €) nated Research Project (CRP) “The use of Opas - Guide selected safety indicators (concentrations, flu- 1244 Jurva Lehtonen, Matti I. xes) in the assessment of radioactive waste & Virransalo, Petri 50 Saltikoff, Boris (comp.): FOREGS disposal”. Report 2: Dispersion halos and flu- 2631 Törmäsjärvi Perttunen, Vesa 2002, Espoo, Finland, Excursion Guide 6-7 xes of chemical elements in permafrost and 2642 Pasmajärvi Väänänen, Jukka September, 2002, South-western Finland - geo- periglacial regions. 54 p. (10.50 €) 3614 Vikajärvi Hanski, Eero logy and history. 32 p., 1 appended map. (9 €) 108 Traber, Daniel 2002. IAEA Coordi- Erikoiskartat - nated Research Project (CRP) “The use of Miscellaneous maps Turvetutkimusraportti - selected safety indicators (concentrations, flu- Report of Peat Investigation xes) in the assessment of radioactive waste Johansson, Peter; Nenonen, Jari; Hirvas- disposal”. Report 3: Geohydraulic and geoche- niemi, Hannu; Valkama, Jorma; Bister, 335 Korpijaakko, Martti & Silén, Pert- mical basis of geochemical fluxes from deep Tuomo; Tranberg, Janne & Manninen, ti: Halsualla tutkitut suot ja niiden turvevarat. groundwaters observed at earth’s surface. Tuomo: Lemmenjoki: Geologinen retkeily- Abstract: The mires and peat reserves in the 93 p. (13 €) kartta ja opaskirja 1 : 50 000 = Geological municipality of Halsua, western Finland. outdoor map and guidebook 1 : 50 000. Rova- 51 p., 4 apps. (12 €) 110 Ahonen, Lasse; Luukkonen, Ari; niemi: Geologian tutkimuskeskus. (10 €) Pitkänen, Petteri; Rasilainen, Kari & Rus- 336 Leino, Jukka: Mikkelin kunnassa keeniemi, Timo: Jääkaudet ja ydinjätteen lop- Korhonen, Juha V.; Zhdanova, Ludmila; tutkitut suot, niiden turvevarat ja käyttökel- pusijoitus. 45 p. (9 €) Chepik, Anatoly; Zuikova, Julia; Sazonov, poisuus. Abstract: The mires, peat reserves Kiril & Säävuori, Heikki (comp.): Magnetic and their potential use in Mikkeli.106 p., 111 Jokinen, Jarkko & Jakobsson, Kai: anomaly map of central Finland - Karelia 1 : 5 apps. (18 €) Focused modelling of bedrock fracture zones 1 000 000: DGRF-65 anomaly of total field in Olkiluoto. 24 p., 11 apps. (9 €) 500 m above terrain. Espoo: Geological Sur- 337 Stén, Carl-Göran & Moisanen, vey of Finland, St. Petersburg: Ministry of Markku: Hämeenlinnan suot. Summary: The 112 Ruskeeniemi, Timo; Paananen, Natural Resources of Russian Federation, peatlands in Hämeenlinna, southern Finland. Markku; Ahonen, Lasse; Kaija, Juha; Kui- Northwest Department of Natural Resources. 34 p., 2 apps. (12 €) vamäki, Aimo; Frape, Shaun; Moren, Lena (10 €) & Degnan, Paul: Permafrost at Lupin: report 338 Stén, Carl-Göran & Moisanen, of phase 1. 59 p., 3 apps. (10.50 €) Korhonen, Juha V.; Zhdanova, Ludmila; Markku: Rengon suot ja niiden turvevarat. Chepik, Anatoly & Säävuori, Heikki Summary: The peatlands of Renko, southern (comp.): Magnetic anomaly map of North Fin- Finland. 53 p., 2 apps. (18 €) Vuosikertomus - Annual Report land - Kola 1 : 1 000 000 : DGRF-65 anomaly of total field 500 m above terrain. Espoo: 339 Toivonen, Tapio: Alajärvellä tutki- Geologian tutkimuskeskus. Vuosikertomus Geological Survey of Finland; St. Petersburg: tut suot ja niiden turvevarat. Osa 1. Abstract: 2001. 59 p. Ministry of natural resources of Russian The mires and peat reserves of Alajärvi. Part 1. Federation, Northwest department of natural 39 p., 4 apps. (10.50 €) Geological Survey of Finland. Annual report resources. (10 €) 2001. 59 p. 340 Pajunen, Hannu: Ylikiimingissä tut- Saltikoff, Boris; Tontti, Mikko & Puusti- kitut suot ja niiden turvevarat. Osa 8. Abstract: nen, Kauko (comp.): Metallogenic map of The mires and peat reserves of Ylikiiminki, Erillisjulkaisut - Finland 1 : 1 000 000. Espoo: Geological Central Finland. Part 8. 46 p., 3 apps. (12 €) Miscellaneous publications Survey of Finland. (20 €)
341 Luukkanen, Ari: Kiuruvedellä tut- Olander, Heikki: Subfossil Chironomidae Maaperän peruskartta 1 : 20 000/1 : 50 000, kitut suot ja niiden turvevarat, Osa 4. Abstract: (Insecta: Diptera) as indicators of limnologi- selitykset - Explanation to the maps of The mires and peat reserves of Kiuruvesi. Part cal and climatological conditions in Finland Quaternary Deposits 1 : 20 000 4. 68 p., 3 apps. (15.50 €) with particular focus on subarctic lakes. Es- poo: Geological Survey of Finland. 109 p. 2041 01 Lohja (Dissertation) 2041 02 Koisjärvi
➛ Rock formations in the village of Pistohiekka near Puumala. Photo: Jari Väätäinen. 35 2041 03 Ikkala Ahtola, Timo; Herola, Erkki; Lohva, Jaana Mustavaara 1 kaiv.rek.n:o 6512/1 ja Isomaa 1 2041 04 Muijala & Sarapää, Olli 1999. Suomenselän teolli- kaiv.rek.n:o 5699/1 suoritetuista malmitutki- 2041 05 Nummela suusmineraaliprojekti 1999-2000. Kauden muksista. 6 p., 3 apps. 2041 06 Vihti 1999 loppuraportti, Pohjois-Pohjanmaa. 12 p., M06/2734/2002/2/10. 2041 07 Veikkola 17 apps. 2041 08 Ojakkala M89/99/7. Kinnunen, Kari, A. 2002. Inarin Sotajoen 2041 09 Selki Matinkiviniemestä löytyneen Vehviläisen kul- 2041 10 Nuuksio Ahtola, Timo & Sarapää, Olli 2000. Suo- tahipun (67 g) laboratoriomääritykset ja kuva- 2041 11 Lepsämä menselän teollisuusmineraaliprojekti 1999- tutkimus. 11 p. 2041 12 Perttula 2000. Kauden 2000 väliraportti, Keski-Suo- http://www.gsf.fi/publ/mrap/ 2524 11 & 2542 02 Karunki mi. 3 p., 8 apps. m19_3813_2002_21.pdf [Full text] 2541 02 Röyttä M89/2000/2. M19/3813/2002/2. 2541 05 Ala-Kaakamo 2542 02 Karunki Ahtola, Timo & Sarapää, Olli 2000. Suo- Kinnunen, Kari, A. 2002. Ivalojoen Kolmo- 2542 12 Tervola menselän teollisuusmineraaliprojekti 1999- senkoskelta imurikaivumenetelmällä löydetyn 3422 07 Laitasaari 2000. II-vaihe, loppuraportti, Keski-Suomi. Lapin toiseksi suurimman platinahipun (1.6 g) 3422 08 Pikkarala 10 p., 22 apps. tutkimus näytettä tuhoamattomilla menetel- 3422 11 Sanginjoki M89/2000/4. millä. 11 p. 3611 06 Reutuvaara (http://www.gsf.fi/publ/mrap/ 3611 09 Inginkivalo Eilu, Pasi 2002. Suomen sinkkiesiintymien m19_3813_2002_1.pdf) 3611 12 Komottavaara dokumentointi ja malmiaihetietokanta (FIN- M19/3813/2002/1. ZINC). 5 p., 20 apps. M10.1/2002/1. Kinnunen, Kari, A. 2002. Sotajoen Kulta- kimppavaltaukselta vuonna 2002 imuriruop- Unpublished reports released by Heino, Timo & Forss, Heikki 2002. Kuopion pauksella löydetyn kultahipun (72,4 g) tutki- the GTK archives in 2002 Niinikosken Ni-esiintymän mineraalivaranto- mus näytettä tuhoamattomilla menetelmillä. arvio, valtaus Niinikoski 1 (kaiv.rek.n:o 8 p. M-series (Economic geology) 6777/1). 4 p., 9 apps. http://www.gsf.fi/publ/mrap/ M19/3242/2002/1/10. m19_3813_2002_3.pdf [Full text] Ahtola, Timo 1999. Suomenselän teollisuus- M19/3813/2002/3. mineraaliprojekti 1999-2000. Esiselvitys, Hulkki, Helena 2002. Tutkimustyöselostus Keski-Suomi. 7 p., 11 apps. Kittilän kunnassa, valtausalueella Mantovaa- Kojonen, Kari; Johansson, Bo & Pakka- M89/99/1. ra 1, kaiv.rek.n:o 5637/1 suoritetuista malmi- nen, Lassi 2002. Leppävirran Rytkyn Ni-Cu tutkimuksista. 7 p., 2 apps. sulfidimalmiaiheen malmimineraaleista. 17 p., Ahtola, Timo 1999. Suomenselän teollisuus- M06/2743/2002/1/10. 93 apps. mineraaliprojekti 1999-2000. Esiselvitys, M41/3241/2002/1. Pohjois-Pohjanmaa. 8 p., 10 apps. Hulkki, Helena 2002. Tutkimustyöselostus M89/99/2. Kittilän kunnassa, valtausalueilla Palolaki 1- Kontoniemi, Olavi 2002. Viitasaaren Ilmo- 3, kaiv.rek.n:o 5623/1-3 ja Sinoselkä 1-2, lahden ympäristön gabro-peridotiitti-intruusi- Ahtola, Timo 1999. Suomenselän teollisuus- kaiv.rek.n:o 5631/1-2 suoritetuista malmitut- oiden malmitutkimukset vuosina 1997-99. mineraaliprojekti 1999-2000. Väliraportti, kimuksista. 8 p., 3 apps. 5 p., 5 apps. Keski-Suomi. 6 p., 4 apps. M06/3721/2002/1/10. M19/3311/2002/1/10. M89/99/3. Juopperi, Esa 2002. Pohjois-Suomen arkeei- Kontoniemi, Olavi 2002. Pihtipuhtaan Haa- Ahtola, Timo 1999. Suomenselän teollisuus- set alueet. Loppuraportti.20 p., 4 apps. pakylän alueen kultapotentiaaliselvitys vuosi- mineraaliprojekti 1999-2000. Esiselvitys, M10.4/2002/1. na 1998-2000. 8 p., 1 apps. Keski-Pohjanmaa. 7 p., 9 apps. M19/3312/2002/1/10. M89/99/5. Juopperi, Heikki & Karvinen, Antero 2002. Malmitutkimukset vuosina 1996-2000 Pato- Kontoniemi, Olavi & Forss, Heikki 2001. Ahtola, Timo 1999. Suomenselän teollisuus- nenäkkeenselässä Savukosken kunnassa val- Tutkimustyöselostus Rautalammin kunnassa mineraaliprojekti 1999-2000. Väliraportti, tausalueilla Patonenäke 1 ja 2 kaivosrekisteri- valtausalueella Mäkisalo 1 (kaiv.rek.nro Pohjois-Pohjanmaa. 6 p., 4 apps. numerot 6738/1 ja 2. 11 p., 15 apps. 6671/1) suoritetuista nikkelimalmitutkimuk- M89/99/4. M06/3733/2002/1/10. sista vuosina 1997-2000. 18 p., 6 apps. M06/3223/2001/1/10. Ahtola, Timo; Herola, Erkki; Lohva, Jaana Keinänen, Veikko 2002. Tutkimustyöselos- & Sarapää, Olli 1999. Suomenselän teolli- tus Kittilän kunnassa valtausalueilla Naake- Kontoniemi, Olavi & Mursu, Juha 2002. suusmineraaliprojekti 1999-2000. Kauden lop- navaara 1, kaiv.rek.n:o 5522/1, Naakenavaara Viitasaaren Mäkrän alueen kultapotentiaali- puraportti, Keski-Suomi. 12 p., 24 apps. 2, kaiv.rek.n:o 5522/2, Naakenavaara 3, selvitys vuosina 1998-2000.10 p., 4 apps. M89/99/6. kaiv.rek.n:o 6089/1, Naakenavaara 4 ja 5, M19/3311/2002/2/10. kaiv.rek.n:rot 6159/1 ja 2, Naakenavuoma 1 ja Ahtola, Timo; Herola, Erkki; Lohva, Jaana 2, kaiv.rek.N:rot 6089/1 ja 2 sekä Putaanperä Kuivasaari, Tapio 2001. Tutkimustyöselos- & Sarapää, Olli 2000. Suomenselän teolli- 1, kaiv.rek.n:o 5686/1 suoritetuista malmitut- tus Juuan kunnassa valtausalueella Talkki 3 suusmineraaliprojekti 1999-2000.Kauden kimuksista.6 p., 4 apps. (kaivosrek. n:o 6766/1) suoritetuista talkki- 1999 loppuraportti, Keski-Pohjanmaa. 10 p., M06/2734/2002/1/10. karbonaattikivitutkimuksista vuosina 1998- 8 apps. 1999. 9 p., 8 apps. M89/2000/1. Keinänen, Veikko 2002. Tutkimustyöselos- M06/4313/2001/1/83. tus Kittilän kunnassa valtausalueilla Pikku
36 PUBLICATIONS
Lintinen, Panu 2002. Kaoliinitutkimukset Jäsessaari 1-4 (kaiv.rek.no.5340/3-6), 1995. 67 p., 3 apps. Sallan Matovaarassa, Sadinmaassa ja Husu- Rookkijärvi 1-5 (kaiv.rek.no.5566/1-5), M19/2633/2000/1/10. maassa vuosina 1999-2001. 10 p., 6 apps. Kainalomukka 1-2 (kaiv.rek.no.5567/1-2), M19/4621/2002/1/82. Porkkausoja 1 (kaiv.rek.no.5624/1) ja Rossi, Seppo 2001. Tutkimustyöselostus Porkkausoja 2 (kaiv.rek.no.5624/2). 26 p. Rovaniemen maalaiskunnassa valtausalueil- Lintinen, Panu 2002. Kaoliinitutkimukset M06/37/2002/1/10. la Petäjäinen 1 (kaivosrekisterinumero 6624/ Sodankylän Sisnakka-aavalla, Suksiaavalla ja 1), Petäjäinen 2 (kaivosrekisterinumero Tuohiaavalla 1999-2001. 16 p., 14 apps. Mutanen, Tapani 2002. Tutkimustyöselos- 6624/2), Petäjäinen 3 (kaivosrekisterinume- M19/3713,3714,3732/2002/1/82. tus Sodankylän kunnassa valtausalueilla Paju- ro 6752/1) ja Petäjäinen 4 (kaivosrekisteri- koski 1, kaivosrekisterinumero 6866/1 ja Pa- numero 6752/2) suoritetuista kultatutkimuk- Luukkonen, Erkki; Halkoaho, Tapio; Har- jukoski 2, kaivosrekisterinumero 6866/2 teh- sista vuosina 1997 - 2000. 17 p., 64 apps. tikainen, Aimo; Heino, Timo; Niskanen, dyistä malmitutkimuksista. 31 p. M06/2633/2001/1/10. Matti; Pietikäinen, Kimmo & Tenhola, M06/3714/2002/1/10. Markku 2002. Itä-Suomen arkeeiset alueet- Tiainen, Markku 2001. Tutkimustyöselostus hankkeen (12201 ja 210 5000) toiminta vuosi- Nironen, Mikko 2002. Kulta-aiheiden raken- Hyvinkään kunnassa valtausalueella Poika- na 1992-2001 Suomussalmen, Hyrynsalmen, teelliseen kontrolliin liittyvät tutkimukset Pirk- järvi 1, kaivosrekisterinumero 5484/1, suori- Kuhmon, Nurmeksen, Rautavaaran, Valtimon, kalassa ja Lempäälässä 2000-2001. 8 p. tetuista malmitutkimuksista vuosina 1994- Lieksan, Ilomantsin, Kiihtelysvaaran, Enon, M19/2123/2002/1. 2001. 16 p., 45 apps. Kontiolahden, Tohmajärven ja Tuupovaaran M06/2042/2001/1 alueella. 265 p., 7 apps. Pankka, Heikki 2002. Tutkimustyöselostus M19/4513/2002/1. Kittilän kunnassa valtausalueilla Ruoppapalo Tiainen, Markku 2002. Urjalan-Kylmäkos- 1-2 kaiv.rek.n:o 6161/1-2 suoritetuista mal- ken alueen tihennetty moreenigeokemiallinen Makkonen, Hannu 2002. Nikkelimalmitut- mitutkimuksista. 9 p. näytteenotto nikkelimalmietsinässä 1997. kimukset Juvan Luikujärven kohteessa vuon- M06/3722/2002/1/10. 16 p., 19 apps. na 1999. 10 p. M19/2114/2002/1/10. M19/3142/2002/1/10. Pankka, Heikki 2001. Tutkimustyöselostus Sallan kunnassa valtausalueella Hangasjärvi 1 Vaasjoki, Matti & Lindqvist, Kristian 2002. Makkonen, Hannu 2002. Tutkimustyöselos- kaiv.rek.n:o 6675/1 suoritetuista malmitutki- Rovaniemen yksikön sähködynaamisen murs- tus Kuopion kaupungissa valtausalueella Nii- muksista. 4 p., 2 apps. kaimen testaus raskasmineraalien separointia nikoski 1 (kaiv.rek.nro 6771/1) suoritetuista M06/3644/2001/1/10. silmällä pitäen. 10 p. nikkelimalmitutkimuksista vuosina 1996- M41.1/2002/2. 2000. 13 p., 4 apps. Pietikäinen, Kimmo & Niskanen, Matti M06/3242/2002/1/10. 2001. Tutkimustyöselostus Suomussalmen Vartiainen, Risto 2002. Keski-Lapin raken- kunnan Saarikylässä sijaitsevasta valtaukses- nuskiviprojekti 2001. Sodankylän ja Kittilän Mutanen, Tapani 2002. Tutkimustyöselos- ta Ala-Luoma 1 (Kaiv.RN:o 5267/2). 9 p., kunta. 22 p., 3 apps. tus Sallan kunnan Auermavaarassa valtaus- 4 apps. M10.1/2002/2/86. alueella Auermavaara 1 (kaivosrekisterinu- M06/4513/2001/4/10. mero 6937/1) tehdyistä malmitutkimuksista. Vartiainen, Risto 2002. Vähäjoen karbonaat- 19 p., 4 apps. Pietikäinen, Kimmo & Niskanen, Matti tikivitutkimukset Rovaniemen mlk:ssa ja Ter- M06/4714/2002/1/10. 2001. Tutkimustyöselostus Suomussalmen volassa 1995-1996. 10 p., 5 apps. kunnan Saarikylässä sijaitsevasta valtaukses- M19/3611/2002/1/84. Mutanen, Tapani 2002. Tutkimustyöselos- ta Paskolampi 1 (Kaiv.RN:o 5267/1). 9 p., tus Sallan kunnassa valtausalueilla Ahmalam- 5 apps. Västi, Kaj 2001. Magneettisten ja sähköisten pi 1 (kaivosrekisterinumero 5573/1), Kieskis- M06/4513/2001/3/10. anomalioiden tarkistuksista kevyellä kairaus- järvi 1-2 (kaivosrekisterinumerot 5574/1-2) ja yksiköllä (POKA) Vihannin Alpuan ja Kuusi- Kapitvaara 1-2 (kaivosrekisterinumerot 5572/ Pulkkinen, Eelis 1998. Tutkimustyöselostus raitin sekä Ruukin Yli-Rankisen kylien alueil- 1-2) tehdyistä malmitutkimuksista. 21 p., Sodankylän kunnassa valtausalueilla Posto 1, la v. 1999.18 p., 4 apps. 9 apps. kaiv.rek. n:o 6169/1 ja Posto 2, kaiv.rek. n:o M19/2434/2001/1/10. M06/4614/2002/1/10. 6169/2 suoritetuista malmitutkimuksista.7 p., 5 apps. Mutanen, Tapani 2002. Tutkimustyöselos- M06/3714/98/2/10. K-series tus Savukosken kunnassa valtausalueilla Tan- (Bedrock geology) hua 6 (kaivosrekisterinumero 5568/1) ja Tan- Puustinen, Kauko 2002. Kaivoslain mukai- hua 7 (kaivosrekisterinumero 5568/2) tehdyistä set valtaukset, kaivospiirit ja tutkimustyöse- Korsman, Kalevi & Lestinen, Pekka (toim.) malmitutkimuksista. 8 p. lostukset Suomessa vuosina 1811 - 2001: Tie- 2002. Raahe-Laatokka - symposio. Kuopio M06/3732/2002/1/10. tokanta Internetissä. 25 p. 20.-21.3.2001. Laajat abstraktit. 121 p. M10.1/2002/3. K21.42/2002/1. Mutanen, Tapani 2002. Tutkimustyöselos- tus Sodankylän Koitelaisen alueella Puustjärvi, Heikki (ed.) 1999. Pyhäsalmi Mäkitie, Hannu & Torssonen, Markus 2001. tehdyistä malmitutkimuksista valtausalueilla modeling project.Technical Report 13.5.1997- Geologian tutkimuskeskuksen arkistossa ole- Rykimälampi 1 (kaiv.rek.no.5337/1), 12.5.1999. 251 p., 76 apps. va kallioperäkartoitusaineisto (ESAn alueel- Paasikivenaapa 1-4 (kaiv.rek.no.5337/2-5), M19/3321/99/1/10. ta) - numeeristamisen kannalta katsottuna. Viuvalo-oja 1-3 (kaiv.rek.no.5337/6-8), 5 p., 3 apps. Kahdenputaanaapa 1 (kaiv.rek.no.5338/1), Rossi, Seppo 2000. Tervolan alueelta tavattu- K21.42/2001/2. Rytioja 1-2 (kaiv.rek.no.5339/1-2), jen moreenigeokemian ja lohkareiden kulta-, Huuhtamoaapa (kaiv.rek.no.5340/1), kupari- ja kobolttiviitteiden malmipotentiaa- Pajunen, Matti & Ikävalko, Ossi 2002. Kal- Haapalampi 1 (kaiv.rek.no.5340/2), lin arviointi. Malmitutkimukset vuosina 1992- lioperän kehityksen merkitys rakennettavuu-
37 delle pääkaupunkiseudulla. Suomen geologi- Mäkinen, Jari 2002. Geomorfologinen ana- Vanhala, Heikki 1995. Magneettinen ja EM- nen seura. Syysekskursio 26.9.2002. 11 p. lyysi Saimaan alueen vesistöistä. 3 p., 12 apps. haravamittaus Herttoniemen entisellä satama- K21.42/2002/2. P34.4.038. alueella. 11 p., 6 apps. Q16.2/1995/1. Väisänen, Markku 2002. Structural features Mäkinen, Kalevi 2002. Moreenimuodostu- in the central Lapland greenstone belt, nort- mien arvottaminen Etelä- ja Keski-Lapissa Vanhala, Heikki 2002. Vastusluotaus Ylöjär- hern Finland. 20 p., 16 apps. 2001. 5 p., 1 app. ven vanhan kaivoksen rikastushiekka-alueella K21.42/2002/3. P31.4.030. 23.10.-26.10.2001. 5 p., 10 apps. Q16.2/2002/1. Palmu, Jukka-Pekka; Hakala, Pertti; Huh- P-series ta, Pekka; Jarva, Jaana; Kontula, Tytti; S-series (Quaternary geological studies) Kotiluoto, Riitta; Rauhaniemi, Tom & Tee- (Geochemical research) riaho, Jari 2002. Moreenimuodostumien val- Hokkanen, Kalevi 2002. Metamorfoitumat- takunnallisen inventointiprojektin tietokannan Carlson, Liisa; Hänninen, Pekka & Vanha- tomien sedimenttikalkkikivien esiintyminen tulosteraportti Hämeen liiton alueelta. 211 p., la, Heikki 2002. Ylöjärven Paroistenjärven Ahvenanmaalla. 19 p. 54 apps. kaivosalueen nykytilan selvitys. 53 p., 40 apps. P31.4.031. P31.4.032. S/41/0000/3/2002.
Hänninen, Pekka; Penttinen, Sari & Suti- Palmu, Jukka-Pekka; Hakala, Pertti; Huh- Hatakka, Tarja; Tarvainen, Timo & Ves- nen, Raimo 2002. Masa-hankkeen geofysi- ta, Pekka; Kontula, Tytti; Kotiluoto, Riitta; terbacka, Pia 2002. 500 kaivoa - tulokset kaaliset mittaukset vuonna 2002. 20 p. Rauhaniemi, Tom & Teeriaho, Jari 2002. vuoden 2001 pohjavesikartoituksesta. P31.4.034. Moreenimuodostumien valtakunnallisen in- 16 p., 29 apps. ventointiprojektin tietokannan tulosteraportti S/41/0000/6/2002. Hänninen, Pekka; Sutinen, Raimo; Suomi, Uudenmaan liiton alueelta. 91 p., 24 apps. Timo; Äikää, Osmo; Penttinen, Sari & P31.4.033. Iivanainen, Olga & Nikkarinen, Maria 2002. Majaniemi, Juha 2002. GTK:n maaperän Geokemialliset provinssit ja lakan koostumus. seuranta-asemat 2000-2002. 21 p. Pihlaja, Jouni 2002. Moreenimuodostumien Esitutkimus ja kirjallisuuskatsaus. 19 p., P31.4.035. valtakunnallinen inventointi (MORMI). Poh- 2 apps. jois-Pohjanmaa 2002. 4 p., 2 apps. S/41/0000/2/2002. Jakonen, Mari; Middleton, Maarit & Haa- P31.4.036. vikko, Paula 2002. Työohjeet maalajien hyd- Lestinen, Pekka 2002. Kallio- ja moreeni- raulisen johtavuuden määrittämiseen labora- Rauhaniemi, Tom & Toivonen, Tapio 2002. geokemialliset kultatutkimukset Antikanpe- toriossa Concell-Flexible-Wall-tutkimuslait- Opas suo- ja kuntakarttojen tekoon Arc View rän alueella vuosina 2000 - 2001. 22 p., teistolla. 21 p., 5 apps. GIS 3.2-ohjelmalla. 34 p., 5 apps. 20 apps. P30.001. P40.4.002. S/41/2433/1/2002.
Kallinen, Riitta-Liisa; Luukkanen, Ari; Tervo, Tapani 2000. Luontokapinetti. Yläne. Lestinen, Pekka 2001. Kallio- ja moreeni- Virtanen, Kimmo & Lehto, Olli 2001. “Peat Sisältösuunnitelma.12 p., 23 apps. geokemialliset kultatutkimukset Sarjankylän as thermal insulating material”. GSF/Ecologi- P22.4.022. alueella vuosina 1999-2001. 51 p., 4 apps. cal utilisation of peat (EUPE). Work package S/41/2433/1/2001. 1. Tutkimusseloste 26/2001. 32 p., 8 apps. P45.005. Q-series Räisänen, Marja Liisa; Nikkarinen, Maria; (Geophysical research) Lehto, Olli & Aatos, Soile 2002. Liukoisuus- Kallinen, Riitta-Liisa; Luukkanen, Ari; testi- ja heikkouuttomenetelmät kaivannaiste- Virtanen, Kimmo; Nenonen, Keijo & Leh- Hänninen, Pekka; Huhta, Pekka & Vanha- ollisuuden sivutuotteiden ympäristö- ja kaato- to, Olli 2001. Analytical methods and Physi- la, Heikki 2002. Geofysikaaliset patotutki- paikkakelpoisuuden määrittämisessä. 21 p. cal and chemical properties of peat. GSF/ mukset Seinäjoen Kyrkösjärven ja Peräseinä- S/44/0000/1/2002. Ecological utilisation of peat (EUPE). “Utili- joen Kalajärven altailla kesäkuussa 2001. 19 p. sation of low permeability peat in environ- Q16.2/2002/2. Salminen, R, & Gregorauskiene, V. 2002. mental structure”. Work package 2. Tutki- Analytical results of ten water samples from musseloste 28/2001. 61 p., 9 apps. Mertanen, Satu & Kukkonen, Ilmo (toim.) Norilsk area, Taimyr region, Russia. 27 p. P45.007. 2002. Litosfäärigeofysiikka. Toimintakerto- S/41/0000/1/2002. mus 2001. 38 p. Kortelainen, Nina 2002. Isotopic composi- Q10.4/2002/1. Salminen, R. & Gregorauskiene, V. 2002. tion of oxygen and hydrogen in Finnish ground- Geochemistry of four soil profiles from No- waters based on groundwater monitoring in Valli, Tuire 2002. Geofysikaaliset mittaukset rilsk area, Taimyr region, Russia. 18 p., 6 apps. 1995-2001 and “one thousand well” project in Taipalsaaren alueella vuosina 1996-1998. 4 p., S/41/0000/4/2002. 1999: Tables. 3 p., 27 apps. 13 apps. P32.4.017 Q19/3134/2002/1. Tarvainen, Timo & Schmidt-Thomé, Phi- lipp 2002. Baltic Soil Survey: Heavy Metal Mäkilä, Markku; Kankainen, Tuovi; Toi- Valli, Tuire 2002. SAMPO-luotaukset Kitti- Enrichment Factors. 6 p. vonen, Tapio & Grundström, Ale 2002. län Naakenavaarassa. 3 p., 53 apps. S/44/0000/2/2002. Turpeen pitkäaikainen kerrostumisnopeus Q16.1/24/1998/1. Suomessa. 7 p. Vernigora, N. 2002. The results of monthly P40.4.003. Valli, Tuire 2002. SAMPO-luotaukset Urja- monitoring of heavy metals and other ele- lan Honkolankylässä. 3 p., 18 apps. ments in the atmospheric precipitation in thir- Q16.1/24/1999/2. ty observation stations in elements in the at-
38 PUBLICATIONS
mospheric precipitation in thirty observation HYDO loppuraportti. Kooste ajalta 01.06.1998 stations in the territory of Barents ecogeoche- -31.12.2001. 15 p. mistry project. 13 p., 25 apps. RS/2002/1. Sale of publications, S/41/0000/5/2002. maps and reports Laitinen, Jukka 2002. Study of birch NDVI from AISA spectrometer images in the vicini- GTK, Publications Sales Ta-series ty of Parainen carbonate rock mine.7 p., P.O. Box 96 (Information management) 5 apps. FIN-02151 ESPOO, FINLAND RS/2002/5. Tel. +358 20 550 2450 Infon toimintakertomus vuodelta 2001. Fax +358 20 550 12 24 p., 16 apps. Malenovsky, Zbynek 2002. Estimation of E-mail [email protected] Ta/2002/1. chlorophyll content and health-state of the www.gsf.fi Norway spruce crowns from AISA hyperspectral image. 18 p. Publications and maps are also RS-sarja RS/2002/7. sold at the libraries of Kuopio (Remote Sensing) and Rovaniemi Units: Ruohomäki, Timo & Kuosmanen, Viljo GTK, Kuopio Unit, Library Arkimaa, Hilkka 2002. Environmental stu- 2001. Aerial photography and photograph P.O. Box 1237 dies using airborne hyperspectral AISA-data digitization in connection with the HyMap FIN-70211 KUOPIO, FINLAND in the mining area of Pyhäsalmi, Finland. 43 p., campaign in Sotkamo in the summer of 2000. Tel. +358 20 550 3250 7 apps. 58 p. Fax +358 20 550 13 RS/2002/3. RS/2001/5. E-mail [email protected]
Arkimaa, Hilkka; Kuosmanen, Eira; Kuos- Ruohomäki, Timo; Törmä, Markus; GTK, Rovaniemi Unit, Library manen, Viljo & Laitinen, Jukka 2002. Envi- Rainio, Heikki; Lumme, Juho & Mäkilä, P.O. Box 77 ronmental studies using airbone hyperspectral Markku 2002. Soil types, vegetation and FIN-96101 ROVANIEMI, FINLAND AISA and HYMAP data in the mining area of AISA-imagery in Lammi test area. 62 p. Tel. +358 20 550 4131 Kemi. 37 p., 5 apps. RS/2002/6. Fax +358 20 550 14 RS/2002/4. E-mail [email protected]
Helminen, Tiina-Riitta & Räisänen, UT-series Peat reports available from: Marja-Liisa 2002. Regional atmospheric (International cooperation) GTK, Kuopio Unit, Library deposition patterns of dust in the vicinity of P.O. Box 1237 the Lahnaslampi talc mine, Sotkamo, Väisänen, Ulpu; Kukkonen, Marjatta; Kou- FIN-70211 KUOPIO, FINLAND Finland, as revealed by moss and humus ri, Pentti & Roa, Oswaldo 2002. Ympäristö- Tel. +358 20 550 3250 samples, for MINEO. 10 p., 33 apps. ongelmat Nicaraguassa Matagalpan ja Diri- Fax +358 20 550 13 RS/2002/8. amban alueilla. 26 p., 29 apps. E-mail [email protected] UT/Nicaragua/2002/1. Kuosmanen, Viljo; Arkimaa, Hilkka & The nuclear waste disposal Laitinen, Jukka 2002. TEKES-hankkeen research reports are available from: ‘Hyperspektrinen malmi- ja teollisuusmine- GTK, Asta Sainio raaliviitteiden kaukotunnistus ja -kartoitus’ P.O. Box 96 FIN-02151 ESPOO, FINLAND Tel. +358 20 550 2400 E-mail [email protected]
The prices include VAT (publica- tions 8 %, maps 22 %). Export outside the European Union is tax free. Companies in EU-countries are exempled from Finnish VAT, if they supply their VAT identifi- cation number. Our VAT number is FI02446807.
The postage is not included in the price.
‘Kummakivi’ (the Strange stone) at Ruokolahti is an erratic boulder balanced on a glaciated rock and is subject to a preservation order. Photo: Jari Väätäinen.
39 Papers by GTK staff in 2002
The following list includes Ahonen, Lasse; Luukkonen, Ari; Pitkänen, Laflammeite, Pd3Pb2S2, a new platinum- Petteri; Rasilainen, Kari 2002. Jääkaudet ja group mineral species from the Penikat laye- references from the ydinjätteen loppusijoitus. In: Korkka-Niemi, red complex, Finland. The Canadian Minera- database FINGEO as at K. (ed.) Geologian tutkijapäivät 13.-14.3.2002 logist 40 (2), 671-678. Helsinki : ohjelma, tiivistelmät, osallistujat. 28th February 2003 to Helsinki: Geologian valtakunnallinen tutkija- Blomqvist, R.; Ruskeeniemi, T.; Smellie, J. koulu, 18. A. T. 2002. Palmottu natural analogue project papers published in 2002 - geological setting and overview. In: Mara- with at least one author Ahonen, Lasse; Luukkonen, Ari; Pitkänen, vic, H. von & Alexander, W. R. (eds.) Eighth Petteri; Rasilainen, Kari; Ruskeeniemi, Timo EC Natural Analogue Working Group Mee- from GTK staff (name in 2002. Jääkaudet ja ydinjätteen loppusijoitus. ting : proceedings of an international work- bold), and also to papers Abstract: Ice ages and nuclear waste disposal. shop held in Strasbourg, France from 23 to 25 Geologian tutkimuskeskus. Ydinjätteiden si- March 1999. Luxembourg: Office for Official published in 2001, if not joitustutkimukset. Tiedonanto YST-110. 45 p. Publications of the European Communities, reported in the previous 127-142. Airo, M.-L. 2002. Aeromagnetic and aerora- annual report. The list is in diometric response to hydrothermal alterati- Blyth, Alexander R.; Frape, Shaun K.; Rus- Finnish alphabetical order. on. Surveys in Geophysics 23 (4), 273-302. keeniemi, Timo; Blomqvist, Runar 2002. Long-term hydrogeological stability of crys- Alakukku, Laura; Jaakkola, Antti; Hänninen, talline bedrock in glaciated terrains : evidence Pekka; Ristolainen, Antti 2002. Relationship from the Palmottu natural analogue research between spatial variability of soil physical site, Finland. In: Science at the highest level, properties and yield - MaSa-study. In: Imple- Denver 2002 : GSA Annual Meeting and Ex- mentation of precision farming in practical position, October 27-30, 2002. Geological agriculture, 10-12 June 2002, Skara, Sweden : Society of America. Abstracts with Programs NJF seminar no. 336. [S.l.]: Nordic Associati- 34 ( 6), 498-499. on of Agricultural Scientists (NJF), 1 p. Breilin, Olli; Hyvärinen, Jari; Pihlaja, Jou- Antikainen, Merja; Backman, Birgitta; Ru- ni 2002. High natural heavy metal concentra- sanen, Kaisa; Finér, Leena 2002. Vaikuttaako tions of sand and gravel aggregates in Joensuu metsänkäsittely pohjavesialueiden veden laa- region in eastern Finland. In: 9th Nordic Ag- tuun? In: Metsätalouden ympäristökuormitus gregate Research Conference, 12-14 Septem- ja sen vähentäminen - tutkimustietoa ja työka- ber, 2002, Reykjavik, Iceland. Reykjavik: luja, 23.-24.9.2002 Kolin luontokeskus ja Nordiska Sten- och Grusindustriförbundet Kuohattijärvi. Joensuu: Joensuun yliopisto, (NSG), 4 p. 13. Bruno, J.; Arcos, D.; Cera, E.; Duro, L.; Jorda- Antikainen, Merja; Lyytikäinen, Ari; Pihlaja, na, S.; Rollin, C.; Gimeno, M. J.; Pérez del Jouni 2002. Pohjavesien suojelun ja kiviai- Villar, L.; Peña, J.; Ahonen, L.; Luukkonen, neshuollon yhteensovittaminen : loppuraport- A.; Kaija, J. 2002. Testing trace element ti Joensuun seudulta. Abstract: The harmoni- geochemical models at Oklo and Palmottu. In: zation of groundwater protection and aggrega- Maravic, H. von & Alexander, W. R. (eds.) te service : final report from the surroundings Eighth EC Natural Analogue Working Group of Joensuu. Alueelliset ympäristöjulkaisut 259. Meeting : proceedings of an international work- 55 p. + 1 app. map. shop held in Strasbourg, France from 23 to 25 March 1999. Luxembourg: Office for Official Arvola, Lauri; Kortelainen, Pirkko; Bergström, Publications of the European Communities, Irina; Kankaala, Paula; Ojala, Anne; Pajunen, 209-217. Hannu; Käki, Tiina; Mäkelä, Suvi; Rantakari, Miitta 2002. Carbon pathways through boreal Cabri, L. J.; Kojonen, K.; Gervilla, F.; Obert- lakes : a multi-scale approach (CARBO). In: hür, T.; Weiser, T.; Johanson, B.; Sie, S. H.; Käyhkö, J. & Talve, L. (eds.) Understanding Campbell, J. L.; Teesdale, W. J.; Laflamme, J. the global system : the Finnish perspective. H. G. 2002. Comparison of PGE trace analy- Helsinki: Finnish Global Change Research ses of pentlandite and some arsenides and Programme FIGARE, 97-106. sulfarsenides by EPMA and micro-PIXE. In: Boudreau, A. (ed.) 9th International Platinum Backman, B.; Lahermo, P. 2002. Nitrates in Symposium, 21-25 July, 2002, Billings, Mon- groundwater in Finland. In: IAH Euromeeting tana, USA : extended abstracts. Billings, MT: 2002 : nitrate in groundwaters in Europe, June Duke University, 73-76. 4-7, 2002, Wisla, Poland : abstracts. Warsza- wa: Polish Geological Institute, 4. Cera, E.; Ahonen, L.; Bruno, J. 2001. Pro- cesos redox en el depósito de uranio de Pal- Barkov, Andrei Y.; Martin, Robert F.; Halko- mottu (Finlandia). In: Medina, A., Carrera, J. aho, Tapio A. A.; Criddle, Alan J. 2002. & Vives, L. (eds.) Las caras del agua subterrá-
40 nea. Congreso en memoria de Germán Galar- northern Chile. Atmospheric Environment 36 of weathering and contamination potential of za. Tomo I. Hidrogeología y Aguas Subterrá- (23), 3803-3817. nickel sulfide mine tailings, Hitura, western neas 1, 201-208. Finland. In: Science at the highest level, Den- Gillot, F.; Righi, D.; Räisänen, M. L. 2001. ver 2002 : GSA Annual Meeting and Exposi- Cera, E.; Ahonen, L.; Rollin, C.; Bruno, J.; Layer-charge evaluation of expandable clays tion, October 27-30, 2002. Geological Society Kaija, J.; Blomqvist, R. 2002. Redox proces- from a chronosequence of podzols in Finland of America. Abstracts with Programs 34 (6), ses at the Palmottu uranium deposit. In: Mara- using an alkylammonium method. Clay Mine- 415. vic, H. von & Alexander, W. R. (eds.) Eighth rals 36 (4), 571-584. EC Natural Analogue Working Group Mee- Heikkinen, P. M.; Korkka-Niemi, K.; Lahti, ting : proceedings of an international work- Gornostayev, Stanislav S.; Hanski, Eero J.; M.; Salonen, V.-P. 2002. Groundwater and shop held in Strasbourg, France from 23 to 25 Laajoki, Kauko V. O.; Popovchenko, Sergiy surface water contamination in the area of the March 1999. Luxembourg: Office for Official E.; Kornienko, Peter K. 2002. New data on Hitura nickel mine, western Finland. Environ- Publications of the European Communities, mineralogy of the Kapitanovskoe chromite mental Geology 42 (4), 313-329. 183-200. deposit, Ukrainian Shield. In: Cook, N. J. (ed.) Metallogeny of Precambrian shields, Kyiv, Hillebrand, Kari; Korpi, Juha; Virtanen, Kim- Downes, H.; Peltonen, P.; Mänttäri, I.; Shar- Ukraine, September 13-26, 2002 : the abstracts. mo 2002. Suopeltojen turpeen nopea tuotanto- kov, E. V. 2002. Proterozoic zircon ages from Kyiv: Ukrainian State Geological Survey : teknologia. Abstract: Rapid peat production lower crustal granulite xenoliths, Kola Penin- Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, 58. technology for agricultural peatlands. VTT sula, Russia : evidence for crustal growth and Energian raportteja 31/2001. 22 p. + app. reworking. Journal of the Geological Society Groves, D. I. (comp.); Eilu, P. (ed.) 2002. 159 (5), 485-488. Metallogeny of Precambrian shields : oroge- Huhma, Hannu; Mutanen, Tapani 2002. nic gold workshop : nature, global distributi- Oldest rocks of the Fennoscandian Shield in Ehlers, Carl; Skiöld, Torbjörn; Vaasjoki, Matti on, tectonic setting, genesis, wallrock alterati- the Pudasjärvi granulite belt. In: Korkka-Nie- 2002. New age constraints on the Svecofenni- on, and computer-based exploration, Kiev, mi, K. (ed.) Geologian tutkijapäivät 13.- an collissional development in SW Finland. Ukraine, 17 September 2002 [Electronic 14.3.2002 Helsinki : ohjelma, tiivistelmät, In: Jónsson, S. S. (ed.) The 25th Nordic Geo- resource]. 224 p.Optical disc (CD-ROM). osallistujat. Helsinki: Geologian valtakunnal- logical Winter Meeting, January 6th - 9th, linen tutkijakoulu, 22-23. 2002, Reykjavík, Iceland : abstract volume. Grönlund, Tuulikki; Kauppila, Tommi Reykjavík: Geoscience Society of Iceland, 28. 2002. Holocene history of Lake Soldatskoje Hukka, Juho 2002. Kalsiitti. Vuoriteollisuus (Kola Peninsula, Russia) inferred from sedi- 60 (4), 54-55. Eilu, Pasi 2002. Iron oxide-Cu-Au deposits in mentary diatom assemblages. Boreas 31 (3), Finland. In: Cook, N. J. (ed.) Metallogeny of 273-284. Hukka, Juho 2002. Korundi. Vuoriteollisuus Precambrian shields, Kyiv, Ukraine, Septem- 60 (3), 54-55. ber 13-26, 2002 : the abstracts. Kyiv: Ukraini- Hanski, Eero 2001. History of stratigraphical an State Geological Survey : Ukrainian Natio- research in northern Finland. In: Vaasjoki, M. Hukka, Juho 2002. Rikkikiisu eli pyriitti. nal Academy of Sciences, 51. (ed.) Radiometric age determinations from Vuoriteollisuus 60 (2), 63-64. Finnish Lapland and their bearing on the ti- Gangopadhyay, Amitava; Walker, Richard J.; ming of Precambrian volcano-sedimentary Hukka, Juho 2002. Talkki. Vuoriteollisuus Hanski, Eero 2002. A chondritic initial Os- sequences. Geological Survey of Finland. Spe- 60 (1), 44-45. 187/Os-188 for komatiites from the Finnish cial Paper 33, 15-43. Lapland. In: AGU 2002 Spring Meeting, 28- Iljina, M.; Hanski, E. 2002. Multimillion- 31 May 2002, Washington, D.C. Eos, Tran- Hanski, Eero; Huhma, Hannu; Vaasjoki, ounce PGE deposits of the Portimo Layered sactions, American Geophysical Union. Matti 2001. Geochronology of northern Fin- Igneous Complex, Finland. In: Boudreau, A. Supplement 83 (19), S375-376. land : a summary and discussion. In: Vaasjoki, (ed.) 9th International Platinum Symposium, M. (ed.) Radiometric age determinations from 21-25 July, 2002, Billings, Montana, USA : Gangopadhyay, Amitava; Walker, Richard J.; Finnish Lapland and their bearing on the ti- extended abstracts. Billings, MT: Duke Uni- Hanski, Eero 2002. A comparative Os isoto- ming of Precambrian volcano-sedimentary versity, 193-196. pic study of Al-undepleted komatiites from sequences. Geological Survey of Finland. Spe- the Abitibi Greenstone Belt and Ti-enriched cial Paper 33, 255-279. Isosaari, Pirjo; Pajunen, Hannu; Vartiainen, komatiites from the Finnish Lapland. In: AGU Terttu 2002. PCDD/F and PCB history in 2002 Fall Meeting, 6-10 December 2002, San Hanski, Eero 2002. Vikajärvi. Suomen geo- dated sediments of a rural lake. Chemosphere Francisco, California. Eos, Transactions, loginen kartta 1:100 000 : kallioperäkartta 47 (6), 575-583. American Geophysical Union. Supplement 83 lehti 3614. (47), F1412-1413. Jõeleht, Argo; Kirsimäe, Kalle; Shogenova, Hanski, E.; Walker, R. J.; Polyakov, G. V.; Alla; Sliaupa, Saulius; Kukkonen, Ilmo T.; Gervilla, Fernando; Kojonen, Kari 2002. The Glotov, A. I.; Balykin, P. A.; Tran, T. H.; Ngo, Rasteniene, Vita; Zabele, Angelina 2002. Ther- platinum-group minerals in the upper section T. P. 2002. Permian-Triassic komatiites and mal conductivity of Cambrian siliciclastic of the Keivitsansarvi Ni-Cu-PGE deposit, nort- their Os isotopic characteristics in northwes- rocks from the Baltic basin. Proceedings of the hern Finland. The Canadian Mineralogist 40 tern Vietnam. In: Abstracts of the 12th Annual Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 51 (2), 377-394. V. M. Goldschmidt Conference, Davos, Swit- (1), 5-15. zerland, August 18-23, 2002. Geochimica et Gidhagen, L.; Kahelin, H.; Schmidt-Thomé, Cosmochimica Acta 66 (15A), A309. Jõeleht, Argo; Kukkonen, Ilmo T. 2002. Phy- P.; Johansson, C. 2002. Anthropogenic and sical properties of Vendian to Devonian sedi- natural levels of arsenic in PM10 in central and Heikkinen, Päivi M. 2002. Characterization mentary rocks in Estonia. GFF 124 (2), 65-72.
41 Johansson, Carl Erik; Geirsson, Kristján; Erik- Formation, Lantian area, Shaanxi, China. In: malmien arvioinnissa ja kullankaivun kannat- stad, Lars; Andersen , Steen; Alapassi, Mar- Korkka-Niemi, K. (ed.) Geologian tutkijapäi- tavuudessa. Geologi 54 (4-5), 79-83. kus; Suominen, Veli; Jansson, Annika 2002. vät 13.-14.3.2002 Helsinki : ohjelma, tiivistel- Geodiversity in Nordic nature conservation. mät, osallistujat. Helsinki: Geologian valta- Kejonen, Aimo 2002. Tuhannen luolan maa. In: Jónsson, S. S. (ed.) The 25th Nordic Geo- kunnallinen tutkijakoulu, 48. Suomen Luonto 61 (11), 24-28. logical Winter Meeting, January 6th - 9th, 2002, Reykjavík, Iceland : abstract volume. Karhu, Juha A.; Mänttäri, Irmeli; Huhma, Kejonen, Aimo; Huttunen, Timo 2002. Sii- Reykjavík: Geoscience Society of Iceland, 93. Hannu 2001. Radiometric ages and isotope linjärven maaperän kehitys. In: Kipsivuoren systematics of some Finnish carbonatites. In: juurella : Siilinjärven luonnon vaiheita. Savon Johansson, Peter 2002. Geomorfologisia Gehör, S., Wall, F. & Liferovich, R. (eds.) Luonto 28, 28-31. muodostumia. In: Sihvo, J. (author) Ylä-Lapin Formation, exploration and exploitation of luonnonhoitoalueen ja Urho Kekkosen kan- economic deposits associated with mantle car- King, Fraser; Ahonen, Lasse; Taxén, Claes; sallispuiston luontokartoitus : loppuraportti bon : EuroCarb Finland Workshop, 14-20 Sep- Vuorinen, Ulla; Werme, Lars 2002. Copper osa 2: Ylä-Lapin luontotyypit. Metsähallituk- tember 2001 : programme and abstracts. Res corrosion under expected conditions in a deep sen luonnonsuojelujulkaisuja. Sarja A 137, Terrae. Ser. A 19, 8. geologic repository. Tiivistelmä: Kuparin kor- 77-81 + app. 23. roosio odotettavissa olevissa olosuhteissa sy- Kauppila, Tommi 2002. Kvantitatiivisten vällä kallioperässä sijaitsevassa loppusijoitus- Johansson, Peter 2002. Pakasaivo - luonnon paleoekologisten ravinnemallien käyttömah- tilassa. Posiva-raportti 2002-01. 184 p. kummajainen ja haltijoiden koti. Raito 20 (1), dollisuudet järvien tutkimisessa. In: Korkka- 12-15. Niemi, K. (ed.) Geologian tutkijapäivät 13.- Kinnunen, Kari A. 2002. Erään kultahipun 14.3.2002 Helsinki : ohjelma, tiivistelmät, tarina. Vuoriteollisuus 60 (4), 55-56. Johansson, Peter; Nenonen, Jari 2002. Geo- osallistujat. Helsinki: Geologian valtakunnal- logical outdoor recreation maps of the gold- linen tutkijakoulu, 14-15. Kinnunen, Kari A. 2002. Kotimaisen timan- digging districts in Lapland. In: Jónsson, S. S. tin geologiaa. Kello & Kulta (5), 10-14. (ed.) The 25th Nordic Geological Winter Mee- Kauppila, Tommi 2002. Lake eutrophication ting, January 6th - 9th, 2002, Reykjavík, Ice- studies in southern Finland employing diatom- Kinnunen, Kari A. 2002. Lapin toiseksi suu- land : abstract volume. Reykjavík: Geoscience based total phosphorus inference models and rimman platinahipun (1,6 g) tutkimus näytettä Society of Iceland, 94. sedimentary phosphorus fractionations. Tu- tuhoamattomilla menetelmillä. Kultaklubin run yliopiston julkaisuja. Sarja A. II. Biologi- uutiset (3-4/2002), 11-20. Johansson, Peter; Nenonen, Jari; Hirvas- ca-Geographica-Geologica 156. 104 p. niemi, Hannu; Valkama, Jorma; Bister, Kinnunen, Kari A. 2002. Neljännesvuosisata Tuomo; Tranberg, Janne; Manninen, Tuo- Kauppila, Tommi; Moisio, Teppo; Salonen, kotimaisia arvokivilöytöjä. In: Herrala, R. (ed.) mo 2002. Lemmenjoki : geologinen retkeily- Veli-Pekka 2002. A diatom-based inference 25 vuotta jalokiviharrastusta Suomessa. Hel- kartta = geological outdoor map 1:50 000. model for autumn epilimnetic total phospho- sinki: Suomen jalokiviharrastajain yhdistys, Rovaniemi: Geologian tutkimuskeskus. 1 map rus concentration and its application to a pre- 36-58. + guidebook (47 p.) sently eutrophic boreal lake. Journal of Pa- leolimnology 27 ( 2), 261-273. Kinnunen, Kari A. 2002. Spektroliittituot- Johansson, Peter; Perttunen, Vesa 2002. teet vuonna 2000. Kivi 20 (1), 8-15. Geologia. In: Kajala, L. (ed.) Tarvantovaaran Kauppila, Tommi; Moisio, Teppo; Salonen, erämaa-alueen ja Lätäsenon-Hietajoen soiden- Veli-Pekka 2002. Diatom-inferred increase in Kinnunen, Kari A. 2002. Suomalaisiin ko- suojelualueen luonto ja käyttö. Metsähallituk- limnetic phosphorus concentration and the ruihin suomalaiset jalokivet : timantteja Kaa- sen luonnonsuojelujulkaisuja. Sarja A 140, associated changes in sedimentary phospho- vilta. Lapin Kullankaivaja (14), 24-26. 18-29. rus fractions in Valkjärvi, a lake in Kärkölä, Finland. Boreal Environment Research 7 (1), Kobzova, V.; Ladanivskyy, B.; Korepanov, Jokinen, Jarkko; Jakobsson, Kai 2002. Fo- 27-40. V.; Korja, T. 2002. Physical modelling of cused modelling of bedrock fracture zones in magnetotelluric field in central Finland [Elec- Olkiluoto. Geologian tutkimuskeskus. Ydin- Kauppila, Tommi; Tiljander, Mia; Uusita- tronic resource]. In: 27th General Assembly of jätteiden sijoitustutkimukset. Tiedonanto YST- lo, Risto; Alenius, Teija; Saarnisto, Matti the European Geophysical Society, Nice, Fran- 111. 24 p. + 11 app. 2002. Sediment evidence of limnological and ce, 21-26 April, 2002. Geophysical Research environmental changes at Lake Korttajärvi Abstracts 4, 1 p. Optical disc (CD-ROM). Juopperi, Heikki; Vaasjoki, Matti 2001. U- between AD 520 and 1874 with special regard Pb mineral age determinations from Archean of the Medieval climate anomaly. In: Science Kohonen, Jarmo 2002. Fennoskandian kil- rocks in eastern Lapland. In: Vaasjoki, M. at the highest level, Denver 2002 : GSA An- ven keskiosan geologinen kehitys mesoprote- (ed.) Radiometric age determinations from nual Meeting and Exposition, October 27-30, rotsooiselta ajalta tertiääri-kaudelle - jatkuvaa Finnish Lapland and their bearing on the ti- 2002. Geological Society of America. eroosiota vai kerrostumista ja eroosiota? In: ming of Precambrian volcano-sedimentary Abstracts with Programs 34 (6), 202. Korkka-Niemi, K. (ed.) Geologian tutkijapäi- sequences. Geological Survey of Finland. Spe- vät 13.-14.3.2002 Helsinki : ohjelma, tiivistel- cial Paper 33, 209-227. Kejonen, Aimo; Särkkä, Jukka; Juberthie, mät, osallistujat. Helsinki: Geologian valta- Christian 2001. Finland. In: Juberthie, C. & kunnallinen tutkijakoulu, 24-25. Juvonen, R.; Lakomaa, T.; Soikkeli, L. 2002. Decu, V. (eds.) Encyclopaedia biospeologica. Determination of gold and the platinum group Tome 3. Moulis: Société internationale de Korhola, Atte; Vasko, Kari; Toivonen, Hannu elements in geological samples by ICP-MS Biospéologie, 1427-1435. T. T.; Olander, Heikki 2002. Holocene tem- after nickel sulphide fire assay : difficulties perature changes in northern Fennoscandia encountered with different types of geological Kejonen, Aimo 2002. Geologien elämänvii- reconstructed from chironomids using Baye- samples. Talanta 58 (3), 595-603. sauksia. Geologi 54 (6), 100-101. sian modelling. Quaternary Science Reviews 21 (16-17), 1841-1860. Kaakinen, Anu; Lunkka, Juha Pekka 2002. Kejonen, Aimo 2002. Kilotonnin lohkare ja Lithostratigraphy of the late Miocene Bahe tuhannen taalan pannullinen - kulttuurieroista Korhonen, Juha V. (comp.); Zhdanova, Lud-
42 PUBLICATIONS
mila (comp.); Chepik, Anatoly (comp. ); Sää- of palaeotectonics in Holocene sediments of Kukkonen, I. 2002. National geothermal vuori, Heikki (comp.) 2001. Magnetic ano- the Gulf of Bothnia. In: Emelyanov, E. M. resource assessments : Finland. In: Hurter, S. maly map of North Finland - Kola 1 : 1 000 000 (ed.) The Seventh Marine Geological Confe- & Haenel, R. (eds.) Atlas of geothermal resour- : DGRF-65 anomaly of total field 500 m above rence “Baltic-7”, April 21-27, 2002, Kali- ces in Europe. Luxembourg: Office for Publi- terrain. Espoo : St. Petersburg: Geological ningrad, Russia : abstracts, excursion guide. cations of the European Commission, 29-30 + Survey of Finland : Ministry of natural resour- Kaliningrad: Atlantic Branch of P.P. Shirshov plate 18 . ces of Russian Federation. Northwest depart- Institute of Oceanology, RAS, 63. ment of natural resources. Kukkonen, I. T.; Jõeleht, A. 2002. Vertical Kotilainen, Aarno T.; Hämäläinen, Jyrki variation in heat flow density : palaeoclimate Korhonen, Juha V. (comp.); Zhdanova, Lud- M. S.; Winterhalter, Boris 2002. Reconstruc- after all? [Electronic resource]. In: 27th Gene- mila (comp.); Chepik, Anatoly (comp.); Zui- ting a continuous Holocene composite sedi- ral Assembly of the European Geophysical kova, Julia (comp.); Sazonov, Kiril (comp.); mentary record for the eastern Gotland Deep, Society, Nice, France, 21-26 April, 2002. Säävuori, Heikki (comp.) 2001. Magnetic Baltic Sea. Boreal Environment Research 7 Geophysical Research Abstracts 4, 1 p. Opti- anomaly map of central Finland - Karelia 1 : (1), 1-12. cal disc (CD-ROM). 1 000 000 : DGRF-65 anomaly of total field 500 m above terrain. Espoo : St. Petersburg: Kotilainen, Aarno T.; Rantataro, Jyrki; Kukkonen, Minna; Pajunen, Hannu; Korte- Geological Survey of Finland : Ministry of Hutri, Kaisa-Leena 2002. Kaikuluotaus sedi- lainen, Pirkko; Niinioja, Riitta 2001. Suoma- natural resources of Russian Federation. North- menttien häiriörakenteiden tutkimusmenetel- laisten suurjärvien jaottelu pintasedimentin west department of natural resources. mänä. Geologi 54 (9-10), 143-145. piilevien avulla. Abstract: Monitoring of large Finnish lakes with diatoms. In: Grönlund, E. ... Korhonen, J. V.; Koistinen, T. 2002. Upper Kotilainen, Mia M.; Kotilainen, Aarno T. [et al.] (eds.) Suurjärviseminaari 2001 : ympä- lithospheric sources of magnetic and gravity 2002. “8.2 ka cooling event” and subarctic ristö ja yhteiskunta. Joensuun yliopisto. Kar- anomalies of the Fennoscandian Shield [Elec- aeolian activity : possible land-sea correlati- jalan tutkimuslaitoksen julkaisuja 133, 352- tronic resource]. In: 27th General Assembly of on. In: Korkka-Niemi, K. (ed.) Geologian tut- 353. the European Geophysical Society, Nice, Fran- kijapäivät 13.-14.3.2002 Helsinki : ohjelma, ce, 21-26 April, 2002. Geophysical Research tiivistelmät, osallistujat. Helsinki: Geologian Kunzendorf, H.; Vallius, H. 2002. Rare earth Abstracts 4, 1 p. Optical disc (CD-ROM). valtakunnallinen tutkijakoulu, 51. elements (REE) in deep basin sediments of the Baltic Sea. In: Emelyanov, E. M. (ed.) The Korhonen, Riitta; Toivonen, Tapio 2002. Kotilainen, Mia M.; Kotilainen, Aarno T. Seventh Marine Geological Conference “Bal- Horticultural and environmental peat research 2002. Early Holocene subarctic Fennoscandi- tic-7”, April 21-27, 2002, Kaliningrad, Russia in Finland : case area of western Finland. In: an aeolian activity and North Atlantic climate : abstracts, excursion guide. Kaliningrad: At- Schmilewski, G. & Rochefort, L. (eds.) Peat in variability : possible land-sea correlation. In: lantic Branch of P.P. Shirshov Institute of horticulture : quality and environmental chal- Jónsson, S, S. (ed.) The 25th Nordic Geologi- Oceanology, RAS, 68. lenges : proceedings of the International Peat cal Winter Meeting, January 6th - 9th, 2002, Symposium, Pärnu, Estonia, 3-6 September Reykjavík, Iceland : abstract volume. Reykja- Kärkkäinen, Niilo; Sarapää, Olli 2002. Käl- 2002. Jyväskylä: International Peat Society, vík: Geoscience Society of Iceland, 115. viän-Halsuan ilmeniittiesiintymät. Vuoriteol- 326-331. lisuus 60 (4), 33-37. Kousa, A.; Moltchanova, E.; Viik-Kajander, Korpijaakko, Martti; Silén, Pertti 2002. M.; Nikkarinen, M.; Karvonen, M. 2002 . Lahermo, Pertti; Tarvainen, Timo; Hatak- Halsualla tutkitut suot ja niiden turvevarat. Regional differences in geochemical environ- ka, Tarja; Backman, Birgitta; Juntunen, Abstract: The mires and peat reserves in the ment and in incidence of acute myocardial Risto; Kortelainen, Nina; Lakomaa, Tuula; municipality of Halsua, western Finland. Geo- infarction (AMI) in Finland. In: Society for Nikkarinen, Maria; Vesterbacka, Pia; Väi- logian tutkimuskeskus. Turvetutkimusraport- Environmental Geochemistry and Health 20th sänen, Ulpu; Suomela, Pekka 2002. Tuhat ti 335. 51 p. + 4 app. European Conference : heavy metal contami- kaivoa - Suomen kaivovesien fysikaalis-ke- nation and the quality of life, Debrecen, Hun- miallinen laatu vuonna 1999. Summary: One Kortelainen, Nina 2002. Virttaankankaan iso- gary, 4-6 September 2002 : book of abstracts. thousand wells - the physical-chemical quality tooppitutkimukset. In: Kääriä, J. (ed.) Turun Debrecen: Debrecen University, 46-47. of Finnish well waters in 1999. Geologian seudun tekopohjavesihanketta koskeva tutki- tutkimuskeskus. Tutkimusraportti 155. 92 p. musseminaari. Turun Seudun Vesi Oy:n jul- Kousa, Jukka 2002. Koivujärven ja Saarelan kaisu 1/2002, 42-44. yleistä geologiaa. In: Kokkonen, J. (ed.) Kor- Lahti, Seppo I. 2002. Kivet harrastuksena. In: pien kuisketta, laineiden loisketta - Saarelan ja Parkkinen, S. (ed.) Luonnonharrastajan Suo- Kortelainen, Nina 2002. Virttaankankaan Koivujärven kylähistoriikki. Saarela: Saare- mi : saaristosta Salpausselille. Espoo: pohjavesimuodostuman isotooppigeokemial- lan seudun kyläyhdistys, 14-15. Weilin+Göös, 212-215. liset erityispiirteet. In: Korkka-Niemi, K. (ed.) Geologian tutkijapäivät 13.-14.3.2002 Hel- Kozlovskaya, E.; Hjelt, S.-E.; Yliniemi, J.; Lahti, Seppo I. 2002. Mineraalien värien syn- sinki : ohjelma, tiivistelmät, osallistujat. Hel- Korhonen, J.; Elo, S. 2002. Problem-depen- tymekanismeista. Osa 1. Kivi 20 (3), 10-17. sinki: Geologian valtakunnallinen tutkijakou- dent 3-D inversion of P-wave arrivals from lu, 12-13. local events recorded during the SVEKALAP- Lahti, Seppo I. 2002. Mineraalien värien syn- KO deep seismic experiment in Finland [Elec- tymekanismeista. Osa 2. Kivi 20 (4), 14-21. Kotilainen, Aarno 2002. “Suuren jääkausi- tronic resource]. In: 27th General Assembly of ajan” alku ja ajoitus - tuloksia pohjoiselta the European Geophysical Society, Nice, Fran- Lahtinen, Raimo; Huhma, Hannu; Kousa, Tyyneltä valtamereltä. In: Korkka-Niemi, K. ce, 21-26 April, 2002. Geophysical Research Jukka 2002. Contrasting source components (ed.) Geologian tutkijapäivät 13.-14.3.2002 Abstracts 4, 1 p. Optical disc (CD-ROM) . of the Paleoproterozoic Svecofennian metase- Helsinki : ohjelma, tiivistelmät, osallistujat. diments : detrital zircon U-Pb, Sm-Nd and Helsinki: Geologian valtakunnallinen tutkija- Kuivasaari, Tapio 2002. Erikoisia kiviä Pol- geochemical data. Precambrian Research 116 koulu, 19. vijärveltä : kunta ja GTK yhteistyössä. Suo- (1-2), 81-109. malainen Kivi (4), 38-39. Kotilainen, A.; Hutri, K.-L. 2002. Evidence Landén, Laura S.; Rämö, O. Tapani; Karinen,
43 Tuomo 2002. Early Paleoproterozoic rifting 2002. Jyväskylä: International Peat Society, Lukkarinen, Heikki 2002. Siilinjärven kal- of northeastern Baltica-Laurentia. In: The 340-341. lioperä. In: Kipsivuoren juurella : Siilinjärven Geological Society of America 36th Annual luonnon vaiheita. Savon Luonto 28, 24-27. Meeting, South-Central Section, April 11-12, Leveinen, Jussi 2002. Puhdas vesi öljyäkin 2002, Alpine, Texas. Geological Society of arvokkaampaa. Tietoyhteys 6 (2), 18-19. Luodes, Hannu 2002. Suomalainen kivi kes- America. Abstracts with Programs 34 (3), A- tää. Suomalainen Kivi (4), 44-46. 7. Liikanen, Anu; Tanskanen, Heikki; Murto- niemi, Timo; Martikainen, Pertti J. 2002. A Luukkanen, Ari (ed.) 2002. Suoseura ry:n Lanne, E.; Lehtimäki, J.; Vanhala, H.; Väi- laboratory microcosm for simultaneous gas opintoretki Venäjän Karjalaan 17.-20.9.2002. sänen, U. 2002. Geophysical characteristics and nutrient flux measurements in sediments. Kuopio: Geologian tutkimuskeskus. 245 p. of Precambrian fracture zones - a case study Boreal Environment Research 7 (2), 151-160. from Rovaniemi, northern Finland [Electronic Manninen, Tuomo; Huhma, Hannu 2001. A resource]. In: Senos Matias, M. & Grangeia, Lindberg, Antero 2002. Biotiitin muuttumi- new U-Pb zircon constraint from the Salla C. (eds.) 8th Meeting EEGS-ES, Environmen- nen kallion pinnan läheisyydessä. Abstract: schist belt, northern Finland. In: Vaasjoki, M. tal and Engineering Geophysics, 8-12 Sep- The alteration of biotite in the vicinity of (ed.) Radiometric age determinations from tember 2002, Aveiro, Portugal : proceedings. bedrock surface. Posiva. Työraportti 2002-05. Finnish Lapland and their bearing on the ti- Aveiro: Universidade de Aveiro, 431-434. 18 p. ming of Precambrian volcano-sedimentary Optical disc (CD-ROM). sequences. Geological Survey of Finland. Spe- Lindqvist, Kristian; Lallukka, Heli 2002. cial Paper 33, 201-208. Laurén, Ari; Koivusalo, Harri; Kokkonen, Virttaankankaan maaperän karbonaatista . In: Teemu; Penttinen, Sari; Finér, Leena; Man- Kääriä, J. (ed.) Turun seudun tekopohjavesi- Manninen, Tuomo; Pihlaja, Pekka; Huh- nerkoski, Hannu 2002. Uusia työvälineitä ke- hanketta koskeva tutkimusseminaari. Turun ma, Hannu 2001. U-Pb geochronology of the hitteillä ympäristökuormituksen hallintaan - Seudun Vesi Oy:n julkaisu 1/2002, 41. Peurasuvanto area, northern Finland. In: Vaas- FEMMA. In: Metsätalouden ympäristökuor- joki, M. (ed.) Radiometric age determinations mitus ja sen vähentäminen - tutkimustietoa ja Lohva, Jaana; Sarapää, Olli 2002. Geophy- from Finnish Lapland and their bearing on the työkaluja, 23.-24.9.2002 Kolin luontokeskus sical investigations of the Hyypiämäki calcite timing of Precambrian volcano-sedimentary ja Kuohattijärvi. Joensuu: Joensuun yliopisto, marble deposit, southwestern Finland [Elec- sequences. Geological Survey of Finland. Spe- 18. tronic resource]. In: EAGE 64th Conference cial Paper 33, 189-200. and Exhibition, Florence, Italy, 27-30 May Lauri, Laura S.; Mänttäri, Irmeli 2002. The 2002 : extended abstracts. Houten: EAGE Mannio, Jaakko; Salminen, Reijo; Leppänen, Kynsijärvi quartz alkali feldspar syenite, Koil- Business Office, 4 p. Optical disc (CD-ROM). Sirkka; Väisänen, Ulpu; Räinä, Pekka; Poi- lismaa, eastern Finland - silicic magmatism kolainen, Jarmo; Kubin, Eero; Piispanen, Juha; associated with 2.44 Ga continental rifting. In: Loukola-Ruskeeniemi, K. 2002. Extensive Verta, Matti 2002. Raskasmetallit. In: Mähö- Rämö, O. T., Van Schmus, W. R. & Betten- C- and S-rich black shale formations : abun- nen, O. (ed.) AMAP II - Lapin ympäristön tila court, J. S. (eds.) Granite systems and Protero- dant life around black smokers 2 Ga ago. ja ihmisen terveys. Suomen ympäristö 581, zoic lithospheric processes. Precambrian Re- In: Abstracts of the 12th Annual V. M. 29-49. search 119 (1-4), 121-140. Goldschmidt Conference, Davos, Switzerland, August 18-23, 2002. Geochimica et Cosmochi- Mertanen, S. 2002. Palaeomagnetism and Lehtinen, Markku J. 2002. Savitaipaleen mica Acta 66 (15A), A461. plagioclase clouding of Palaeoproterozoic Välijoen seudun kallioperä. In: Jurvanen, P. mafic dykes intruding Archaean blocks of the (ed.) Välijoen seudun historiaa. Välijoki: Vä- Loukola-Ruskeeniemi, K.; Vanne, J.; Lers- Fennoscandian Shield [Electronic resource]. lijoen Nuorisoseura, 14-17 + 4 pl. si, J.; Hyvönen, E.; Arkimaa, H.; Airo, M.- In: 27th General Assembly of the European L. 2002. The first nation-wide black shale map Geophysical Society, Nice, France, 21-26 Lehtonen, M. L.; Marmo, J. S. 2002. Explo- in the world : applications for exploration and April, 2002. Geophysical Research Abstracts ring for kimberlites in glaciated terrains using regional planning in Finland [Electronic resour- 4, 1 p. Optical disc (CD-ROM). chromite in Quaternary till - a regional case ce]. In: Senos Matias, M. & Grangeia, C. (eds.) study from northern Finland. Journal of 8th Meeting EEGS-ES, Environmental and Moltchanova, Elena; Rytkönen, Mika; Kousa, Geochemical Exploration 76 (3), 155-174. Engineering Geophysics, 8-12 September Anne; Taskinen, Olli; Tuomilehto, Jaakko; 2002, Aveiro, Portugal : proceedings. Aveiro: Karvonen, Marjatta 2002. Geographical va- Lehtonen, Matti I.; Virransalo, Petri 2002. Universidade de Aveiro, 485-488. Optical disc riation of non-communicable diseases and Jurva. Suomen geologinen kartta 1:100 000 : (CD-ROM). environmental risk factors : application of kallioperäkartta lehti 1244. Bayesian modeling and GIS. In: GeoHealth Loukola-Ruskeeniemi, K.; Vanne, J.; Lers- 2002 conference, Wellington, New Zealand, Leino, Jukka 2002. Mikkelin kunnassa tutki- si, J.; Hyvönen, E.; Arkimaa, H.; Airo, M.- December 3-5, 2002 : proceedings. Welling- tut suot, niiden turvevarat ja käyttökelpoisuus. L.; Nurmi, P.; Ekdahl, E. 2002. The first ton: Victoria University, 25-33. Abstract: The mires, peat reserves and their nation-wide black shale map in the world : potential use in Mikkeli. Geologian tutkimus- applications for exploration and regional plan- Mroueh, Ulla-Maija; Mäkelä, Esa; Wahlström, keskus. Turvetutkimusraportti 336, 106 p. + 5 ning in Finland. In: 11th Quadrennial IAGOD Margareta; Kauppila, Jussi; Sorvari, Jaana; app. Symposium and Geocongress 2002 incorpo- Puolanne, Juhani; Juvankoski, Markku; Tam- rating open sessions and the special theme mirinne, Markku; Heikkinen, Päivi; Salmi- Leino, Jukka 2002. The use of ground water Sedimentary, magmatic and ore-forming res- nen, Reijo 2001. Finnish guidance for the use penetrating radar in peatlands investigations ponses to compressional and tensional tecto- of secondary products in earth and road by the Geological Survey of Finland. In: Schmi- nics : a focus on Africa, 22-26 July 2002 construction. In: Salminen, R. (ed.) Internatio- lewski, G. & Rochefort, L. (eds.) Peat in hor- Windhoek, Namibia : conference programme. nal conference on practical applications in ticulture : quality and environmental challen- Windhoek: IAGOD : Geological Society of environmental geotechnology ecogeo 2000. ges : proceedings of the International Peat South Africa, 33. Geological Survey of Finland. Special Paper Symposium, Pärnu, Estonia, 3-6 September 32, 15-21.
44 PUBLICATIONS
Mutanen, Tapani; Huhma, Hannu 2001. U- Niskavaara, Heikki; Kontas, Esko; Chekus- Pajunen, Matti (comp.); Ikävalko, Ossi Pb geochronology of the Koitelainen, Akan- hin, Viktor; Reimann, Clemens 2002. Regio- (comp.) 2002. Kallioperän kehityksen merki- vaara and Keivitsa layered intrusions and rela- nal distribution of Au, Pd and Pt from Cu/Ni - tys rakennettavuudelle pääkaupunkiseudulla : ted rocks. In: Vaasjoki, M. (ed.) Radiometric smelters in Kola Peninsula revealed by hu- Suomen Geologisen Seuran syysekskursio age determinations from Finnish Lapland and mus, moss and soil samples. In: The Second 26.09.2002 : ekskursio-opas. Helsinki: Suo- their bearing on the timing of Precambrian AMAP International Symposium on Environ- men Geologinen Seura. 11 p. volcano-sedimentary sequences. Geological mental Pollution of the Arctic, Rovaniemi, Survey of Finland. Special Paper 33, 229-246. Finland, October 1-4, 2002 : extended abstracts. Pajunpää, K.; Lahti, I.; Olafsdottir, B.; Korja, AMAP Report 2002:2, 3 p. T. 2002. Crustal conductivity anomalies in Mäkilä, Markku 2002. Silmäkenevan turve- central Sweden and southwestern Finland. geologinen tutkimus. In: Matiskainen, H. (aut- Nykänen, Vesa; Ojala, Juhani 2002. Integ- Geophysical Journal International 150 (3), 695- hor) Riihimäen esihistoria. Riihimäki: Riihi- ration of the geoscientific data by GIS for 705. mäen kaupunginmuseo, 148-152. mineral exploration purposes at the Geologi- cal Survey of Finland. In: Jónsson, S, S. (ed.) Paulamäki, Seppo; Paananen, Markku; Elo, Mäkinen, Kalevi 2002. Sand and gravel The 25th Nordic Geological Winter Meeting, Seppo 2002. Structure and geological evoluti- resources - extraction and land use restrictions January 6th - 9th, 2002, Reykjavík, Iceland : on of the bedrock of southern Satakunta, SW in Finland. In: Raw materials planning in Eu- abstract volume. Reykjavík: Geoscience So- Finland. Tiivistelmä: Eteläisen Satakunnan rope. Change of conditions! New perspecti- ciety of Iceland, 144. kallioperän rakenne ja kehityshistoria. Posi- ves? : Third European Conference on Mineral va-raportti 2002-04. 119 p. + 6 app. Planning : conference transcript and field trip Ojala, Antti E. K.; Francus, Pierre 2002. guide, 8-10 October 2002, Krefeld, Germany. Comparing X-ray densitometry and BSE-ima- Peltonen, P.; Juvonen, R.; Maier, W. D.; Krefeld: Geological Survey of North Rhine- ge analysis of thin section in varved sedi- Pienaar, C. 2002. Platinum-group elements in Westphalia, 69-72. ments. Boreas 31 (1), 57-64. garnet peridotite nodules from the Karelian (Fennoscandia) and Kaapvaal (southern Afri- Mänttäri, Irmeli; Hölttä, Pentti 2002. U-Pb Ojala, Antti E. K.; Saarinen, Timo 2002. ca) cratons. 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Vuo- of the physical properties of annually lamina- on in the Gotland Basin, based on the geoche- riteollisuus 60 (1), 47. ted (varved) sediments at a sub-annual to mistry of surface sediments. In: Emelyanov, decadal resolution for environmental inter- E. M. (ed.) The Seventh Marine Geological Vartiainen, Risto 2002. Keski-Lapissa etsi- pretation. In: Brauer, A. & Negendank, J. F. Conference “Baltic-7”, April 21-27, 2002, tään rakennuskiviä. Suomalainen Kivi ( 4), W. (eds.) The value of annually laminated Kaliningrad, Russia : abstracts, excursion gui- 46-47. lake sediments in palaeoenvironment re- de. Kaliningrad: Atlantic Branch of P.P. Shir- construction : dedicated to Björn E. Berg- shov Institute of Oceanology, RAS, 133. Virtanen, Kimmo 2002. Peat as the water lund. Quaternary International 88, 5-12. sealing barrier in landfills. In: Schmilewski, Vallius, Henry; Kankainen, Tuovi; Suomi- G. & Rochefort, L. (eds.) Peat in horticulture Toivonen, Tapio 2002. 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Geologi- 16-17. vistelmät, osallistujat. Helsinki: Geologian an tutkijapäivät 13.-14.3.2002 Helsinki : oh- valtakunnallinen tutkijakoulu, 37-38. jelma, tiivistelmät, osallistujat. Helsinki: Geo- Törmä, Markus; Rainio, Heikki; Ruohomä- logian valtakunnallinen tutkijakoulu, 9-10. ki, Timo 2002. Classification of vegetation Valpola, Samu E.; Kauppila, Tommi 2002. and soil using AISA-spectrometer : some Kaljasjärven paleolimnologinen tutkimus val- Väisänen, Markku; Mänttäri, Irmeli; Hölt- results from Lammi test area. The Photo- mistumassa. Kalahaavi (1), 15-16. tä, Pentti 2002. Svecofennian magmatic and grammetric Journal of Finland 18 (1), 73-84. metamorphic evolution in southwestern Fin- Valve, Matti; Kahelin, Hanna; Rantanen, land as revealed by U-Pb zircon SIMS Uski, M.; Hyvönen, T.; Korja, A.; Airo, M.- Pirjo; Heinonen, Soile 2002. Arseenin poisto geochronology. Precambrian Research 116 L. 2002. Focal mechanisms of three Finnish pohjavedestä - ARPO-projektin tuloksia. (1-2), 111-127. earthquakes and their connection to surface Ympäristö ja Terveys 33 (6-7), 31-38. faults [Electronic resource ]. In: 27th General Väänänen, Jukka 2002. Pasmajärvi. Suo- Assembly of the European Geophysical So- Vanhala, Heikki; All, Tarmo; Huotari, Tai- men geologinen kartta 1:100 000 : kallioperä- ciety, Nice, France, 21-26 April, 2002. ja; Kattai, Vello; Lintinen, Petri 2002 . Test kartta lehti 2642. Geophysical Research Abstracts 4, 1 p. Opti- of airborne geophysics for mapping oil shale cal disc (CD-ROM) . mining area in Kohtla-Järve, NE Estonia Väänänen, Jukka; Lehtonen, Matti I. 2001. [Electronic resource]. In: EAGE 64th Confe- U-Pb isotopic age determinations from the Vaasjoki, Matti 2001. Three decades of U- rence and Exhibition, Florence, Italy, 27-30 Kolari-Muonio area, western Finnish Lap- Pb mineral analyses at the Geological Survey May 2002 : extended abstracts. Houten: EAGE land. In: Vaasjoki, M. (ed.) Radiometric age of Finland. In: Vaasjoki, M. (ed.) Radiomet- Business Office, 4 p. Optical disc (CD-ROM). determinations from Finnish Lapland and their ric age determinations from Finnish Lapland bearing on the timing of Precambrian volca- and their bearing on the timing of Precam- Vanhala, Heikki; All, Tarmo; Kattai, Vello; no-sedimentary sequences. Geological Sur- brian volcano-sedimentary sequences. Geo- Lintinen, Petri; Valli, Tuire 2002. Test of vey of Finland. Special Paper 33, 85-93. logical Survey of Finland. Special Paper 33, airborne geophysics for mapping oil shale 9-13. mining area at Kohtla-Järve, NE Estonia. In: Watanabe, Naoki; Marmo, Jukka S.; Wata- Seepõld, M. (ed.) Symposium on oil shale, nabe, Yumiko; Ohmoto, Hiroshi 2002. Vaasjoki, Matti (ed.) 2001. Radiometric age 18-21 November 2002, Tallinn, Estonia : Geochemistry of a 2.3 Ga Sub-Jaturian paleo- determinations from Finnish Lapland and their abstracts. Tallinn: Tallinn Technical Univer- laterite in the Hallavaara area, eastern Fin- bearing on the timing of Precambrian volca- sity, 31. land. In: Science at the highest level, Denver no-sedimentary sequences. Geological Sur- 2002 : GSA Annual Meeting and Exposition, vey of Finland. Special Paper 33. 279 p. Vanhala, Heikki; Lintinen, Petri 2002. Test October 27-30, 2002. Geological Society of of geophysics for monitoring frozen ground - America. Abstracts with Programs 34 (6), Vaasjoki, Matti; Sipilä, Pekka 2001. U-Pb a case from the southern limit of discontinuo- 271. isotopic determinations on baddeleyite and us permafrost in Finnish Lapland. In: The zircon from the Halti-Ridnitsohkka intrusion Second AMAP International Symposium on Winterhalter, Boris 2002. Ilmasto ja geolo- in Finnish Lapland : a further constraint on Environmental Pollution of the Arctic, Rova- ginen tietämys. Geologi 54 (6), 102-103. Caledonide evolution. In: Vaasjoki, M. (ed.) niemi, Finland, October 1-4, 2002 : extended Radiometric age determinations from Fin- abstracts. AMAP Report 2002:2, 3 p. Wold, Richard J.; Valli, Tuire 2002. A re- nish Lapland and their bearing on the timing view of underwater UXO systems in Europe of Precambrian volcano-sedimentary sequen- Vanyan, L. L.; Kuznetsov, V. A.; Lyubetska- [Electronic resource]. In: The UXO/Counter- ces. Geological Survey of Finland. Special ya, T. V.; Palshin, N. A.; Korja, T.; Lahti, I. mine forum : DoD’s preeminent conference Paper 33, 247-253. 2002. Electrical conductivity of the crust be- on technology, programs & partnerships, Sep- neath central Lapland. Izvestiya, Physics of tember 3-6, 2002, Orlando : transformation in Valli, Tuire; Vanhala, Heikki; Huotari, the Solid Earth 38 (10), 798-815. a dynamic environment. Alexandria, VA: U.S. Taija 2002. Airborne magnetic and radiome- Department of Defense, 9 p. Optical disc tric study around oil shale mine area in Koht- Varentsov, Iv. M.; Engels, M.; Korja, T.; (CD-ROM).
48 GTK’s international GTK’s domestic cooperation network cooperation network
Commission for the Geological Academy of Finland Map of the World (CGMW) Association of Finnish Extractive Resources Industries EC/Nuclear Fission/ Natural Analogue Working Group (NAWG) Association of Finnish Peat Industries EuroGeoSurveys (EGS) Centre for Underground Physics in Pyhäjärvi CUPP
Eurolab Consultative Committee on Excavation Work
European & International Federation of Consultative Committee on GIS Natural Stone Industries Consultative Committee on Quaternary Mapping European Association of Remote Sensing Laboratories EARSeL) Continental Shelf Working Group
European Environment Agency (EEA / ETC-TE) Coordination Group for Finnish Antarctic Research
European Science Foundation (ESF) Culminatum (Helsinki Region Centre of Expertise)
Forum of the European Geological Surveys (FOREGS) Delegation of the Finnish Academies of Science and Letters
Geoscience Information Consortium (GIC) Federation of Finnish Learned Societies International Finland’s Stone Centre Airborne Geophysics Safety Association (IAGSA) Finnish Academy of Science and Letters International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Finnish Association of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers
International Finnish Environment Institute Consortium of Geological Surveys (ICOGS) Finnish Forest Research Institute METLA International Geological Correlation Programme (IGCP) Finnish Institute of Marine Research
International Finnish National Committee for Geology Geosphere - Biosphere Programme (IGBP) Finnish National Committee for Polar Research International Heat Flow Commission (IHFC) Finnish National Committee of Geodesy and Geophysics
International Finnish National Committee Lithosphere Programme (ILP) of the International Peat Society
International Finnish Natural Stone Association Mineralogical Association) (IMA) Finnish Naval Research Institute International Peat Society (IPS) Finnish Road Administration
International Finnminers’ Group Science Initiative in the Russian Arctic (ISIRA) FINPRO International Union for Quaternary Research (INQUA) FUNET/CSC International Geological Society of Finland Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) Gold museum International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) Green Net Finland
Karelian Research Centre Helsinki University of Technology
NATO / Environmental Issues Associated INQUA National Committee with Nuclear Disarmament Kuopio Food Safety Center Nordic Arctic Research Programme (NARP) MTT Agrifood Research Finland Nordic Laboratory for Luminescence dating (NLL) National IPCC Group
NORDSIM, Nordic Secondary Ion National Technology Agency TEKES Mass Spectrometer Otaverkko OECD / Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) Pro-GIS ProGEO, European Association for the Conservation Regional Council of Lapland of the Geological Heritage Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory Prospectors & Developers Association of Canada (PDAC) University of Helsinki
Scientific Committee on University of Joensuu Antarctic Research (SCAR) University of Kuopio UN ECOSOC, Committee on Energy and Natural Resources University of Oulu VSEGEI University of Turku
VTT
Åbo Akademi University
49 Organization and management
Geological Survey of Finland organization 31.12.2002
MINISTRY OF TRADE AND INDUSTRY
BOARD
DIRECTOR GENERAL
MANAGEMENT GROUP DIRECTOR’S STAFF
ESPOO KUOPIO ROVANIEMI GEOSERVICE INFORMATION FINANCE AND UNIT UNIT UNIT CENTRE MANAGEMENT ADMINISTRATION
• Bedrock and ¥ Bedrock and ¥ Bedrock and ¥ Geolaboratory ¥ IT services ¥ Planning mineral resources mineral resources mineral resources • Information • Accounting • Quaternary deposits • Land use and • Land use and • Technical services and env. geology environment environment services • Personnel • Application • Geophysical • IT and info services • IT and info services • Geophysical development research services • Administration • Administration • Mineralogical laboratory
• GIS services
PROJECTS
GTK’s management 31.12.2002 Directors of units
Director General Espoo Unit Raimo Matikainen Gabor Gaál
Director of Administration Kuopio Unit Jorma Järvinen Kari Pääkkönen
Director’s staff Rovaniemi Unit Ahti Silvennoinen Bedrock and Raw Materials Programme Director Geoservice Centre Elias Ekdahl Harry Sandström
Land Use and Environment Information Management Programme Director Kalle Taipale Hannu Idman Finance and Administration Communications Director Jorma Järvinen Caj Kortman
50 Board of directors as at 31 December 2002
Christer Sundström Paula Nybergh Managing Director Industrial Counsellor Chairman Deputy Chairperson Nordkalk Oyj Abp Ministry of Trade and Industry
Raimo Matikainen Markku Isohanni Helena Korhonen Director General, Chief Geologist Ministerial Counsellor Professor, Geological Outokumpu Oyj Ministry of the Survey of Finland (GTK) Environment
Jukka Noponen Seija Silvennoinen Jorma Järvinen Commercial Director Project Secretary Director of Jaakko Pöyry Infra GTK Administration Secretary GTK
51 The snow lasts until July on the floor of the Hiidenkirkko ravine near Hyrynsalmi. Photo: Jari Väätäinen
Geological Survey of Finland GTK GTK Kuopio Unit GTK Rovaniemi Unit P.O. Box 96 P.O. Box 1237 P.O. Box 77 (Street address: (Street address: Neulaniementie 5) (Street address: Lähteentie 2) Betonimiehenkuja 4) FIN-70211 KUOPIO FINLAND FIN-96101 ROVANIEMI FIN-02151 ESPOO FINLAND Tel. +358 20 550 30 FINLAND Tel. +358 20 550 11 Fax +358 20 550 13 Tel. +358 20 550 40 Fax +358 20 550 12 Fax +358 20 550 14 www.gsf.fi