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Flora of Tuzakl›, Otluk, Gidefi Mountains and Surroundings

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Flora of Tuzakl›, Otluk, Gidefi Mountains and Surroundings TurkJBot 26(2002)303-349 ©TÜB‹TAK ResearchArticle FloraofTuzakl›,Otluk,GidefiMountainsandSurroundings(Akseki) AhmetDURAN K›r›kkaleUniversity,FacultyofSciencesandArts,DepartmentofBiology,71450YahflihanK›r›kkale-TURKEY Received:31.01.2001 Accepted:21.03.2002 Abstract: ThenaturalandcultivatedplantsofTuzakl›,Otluk,Gidefimountainsandtheirsurroundingswerestudiedbetween1994 and1997;2486herbariumspecimensbelongingto1023taxa,484generaand98familieswerecollectedandidentifiedfromthe areas.Sixty-onetaxaarecultivatedandtherestarenativeplants.Thephytogeographicelementsarerepresentedinthestudy area asfollows:Mediterranean360(37.4%),Irano-Turanian86(8.9%)andEuro-Siberian35(3.6%).Thephytogeographicregionsof 481(50%)taxaareeithermulti-regionalorunknown.Phytogeographicregionsarerecommendedfor12taxa,ofwhich phytogeographicregionshavenotbeenpreviouslysuggested.ThelifeformsofthetaxaaredeterminedaccordingtoRaunkiaer.The numberofendemictaxais163(16.9%).Thirty-seventaxashowvariationswhichwerenotreportedintheFloraofTurkey.These variationsarepresentedherein.Thestatesoffivetaxashowingunusualdistributionsarediscussed. KeyWords: Flora,Akseki,Antalya,Turkey Tuzakl›,Otluk,GidefiDa¤lar›veÇevresininFloras›(Akseki) Özet: Buaraflt›rmaTuzakl›,Otluk,GidefiDa¤lar›veÇevresinindo¤alvekültürbitkilerinikapsamaktad›r.1994-1997y›llar›aras›nda toplanan2486bitkiörne¤ininde¤erlendirilmesiyle,98familya,484cinsvebucinslereait1023türvetüralt›seviyedetakso n belirlenmifltir.1023taksonun61’ikültür,962’siisedo¤albitkilerdir.Araflt›rmaalan›ndafitoco¤rafikelementlerinda¤›l›m›flöyledir; Akdeniz360(%37.4),‹ran-Turan86(%8.9),Avrupa-Sibirya35(3.6).481(%50)taksonunfitoco¤rafikbölgesibilinmemekteveya çokbölgelidir.12taksonafitoco¤rafikbölgeelementiönerilmifltir.Toplanantaksonlar›nhayatformlar›Raunkiaer'insistemine göre belirlenerektablofleklindeverilmifltir.Endemiktürsay›s›163(%16’9)'dür.TürkiyeFloras›'ndabelirtilenmorfolojiközellikl erden farkl›özelliklergösteren37taksonunbuözellikleriAppendixiçindesunulmufltur.Araflt›rmaalan›ndantespitedilenveülkemiz de genelindeilginçyay›l›flgösterenbefltaksonundadurumlar›de¤erlendirilmifltir. AnahtarSözcükler: Flora,Akseki,Antalya,Türkiye Introduction alotofcommontallscrubssuchas Paliurusspina-christi Tuzakl›,OtlukandGidefimountainsarelocatedinthe Mill.,Pistaciaterebinthus L.,Ceratoniasiliqua L.,Cercis WestTorosMountainswithinthebordersofAntalya siliquastrum L., Calicotomevillosa (Poir.)Link, Arbutus province.Accordingtothegridsquaresystemusedinthe andrachne L., Styraxofficinalis L., Fontanesia FloraofTurkey,theresearchareaislocatedinthesquare philliraeoides Labill.,Phillyrealatifolia L.,Laurusnobilis L. C3.Thealtitudeoftheareais500maroundMurtiçion andQuercuscoccifera L. thewesternborderoftheareaand2427matthe Theforestvegetationisthemostcommonvegetation summitofE¤erbeliHill(Fig.1).Theresearchareais typeinthearea,andisrepresentedbytheforestsof borderedinthewestbyGülenMountain,inthenorthby Juniperusexcelsa M.Bieb.,Pinusbrutia Ten.,Abiescilicica Yal›ncaandMusamountains,intheeastbyPalaz,Karaçal (Antinori&Kotschy)Carr.and Cedruslibani A.Rich.at andMano¤lumountainsandinthesouthbyGündo¤mufl. altitudesbetween900and1850m. ThearealieswhollywithintheMediterranean Thesteppevegetationisat1650minthenorthand PhytogeographicArea,andintheprovinceofAntalya. 1800minthesouthofthemountains.Themost Fivedifferentvegetationtypesareseeninthearea: dominantspeciesofthisvegetationtypeare Astragalus macchie,forest,steppe,rockandscree.Themacchie creticus Lam., Circiumlappaceum (M.Bieb.)Fisch., vegetationisfoundbetween500and1000m.Itincludes Marrubiumglobosum Monthbret&AucherexBenth., 303 304 FloraofTuzakl›,Otluk,GidefiMountainsandSurroundings(Akseki) AKSEK‹ yönü N Kuzderesi Cemerler Sad›klar GeyranY. 1503 Karay›lanbo¤az› Çatalyürük Morualan› 2392 Mahmutlu Karakaya Tekea¤na¤› 2192 636 Ard›çl›dünek Evlekbo¤az› 1133 OtlukD. AlibeylerY. Tuzakl›D. Darac›kbo¤az› Serebil 1748 GidefiD. 924 1273 P›narbafl›Y. 2131 Tafll›ca Çataloluk ÇukurköyY. Güzelsu 2278 2427 SalamutY. YumrudikmeniT. E¤erbeliT. 999 Eflekçukuru Mentefle P›narbafl› Çukurköy CivcivT. Karaa¤açl›D. 1244 Çalt›l›çukur Murtiçi UluDe. 0123Km. 1355 12345678910 1388 Çalt›De. Bozsenir 42° KavzanD. Güneyyaka A 40° B ‹nifldibi 38° ÇukurköyDeresi GebeDere MANAVGAT C 36° GÜNDO⁄MUfi 28° 30° 32° 34° 36° 38° 40° 42° 44° Figure1. GeographicMapofResearchArea A.DURAN Ziziphoraclinopodioides Lam., Euphorbiakotschyana 300 Fenzl,Bromustomentollus Boiss.,andStipapulcherrima AKSEK‹ 1250 13.1 1355.5 K.Koch. 200 50 100 TherockvegetationisfoundespeciallyonOtlukand GidefiMountainsandYumrudikmeniHill.Themost 40 80 dominantspeciesofrockvegetationinclude Aethionema iberideum (Boiss.)Boiss., Arenariauninervia McNeill, 30 60 Sileneodontopetala Fenzl, Seseligummiferum Pall.ex Sm.,Inulaheterolepis Boiss.,Phagnalongraeceum Boiss., 20 40 Staehelinalobelii DC.,Onosmafrutescens Lam.,Alkanna oreodoxa Hub.-Mor.,Scrophulariarimarum Bornm.and Saturejacuneifolia Ten. 10 20 Thescreevegetationisfoundabove2000m.The 0 mostdominantspeciesofscreevegetationinclude Heldreichiabupleurifolia Boiss., Oxyriadigyna (L.)Hill, Vaviloviaformosa (Stev.)Al.Fed., Lamiumeriocephalum Benth.,andCyclotrichiumoriganifolium (Labill.)Manden. GÜNDO⁄MUfi 930 14.5 1401.5 300 &Scheng. 200 Thegeologicalstructureofthestudyareaismadeup 50 100 ofcalcareousrocksinthenorthandmagmaticrocksin thesouth.TheÇukurköyformation,whichcoversthe 40 80 transitionzoneofMurtiçi-Güzelsu-Köprülü,iscomposed ofsmallrocks,sandstoneandgreenmarls(fienel,1972; 30 60 Demirtafl,1987). Therearethreelargesoilgroupsinthestudyarea: 20 40 colluvialsoils(especiallyintheagriculturalareasaround thevillagesofSad›klar,Tafll›ca,Çukurköy,P›narbafl›, 10 20 GüzelsuandMurtiçi),redMediterraneansoils(around KuzDere,GeyranYaylaandÇukurköyDere)andorganic 0 soils(aroundTuzakl›,OtlukandGidefiMountains,andin thesouthofÇukurköy)(TKB,1972). Figure2. ClimateDiagramofAksekiandGündo¤mufl ThestudyareahasatypicalMediterraneanclimate. Thetotalaveragerainfallperyearis1864.7mmin diagramisgivenforE¤erbeliHillusingextrapolation Güzelsu,1401.5mminGündo¤mufland1355.5mmin accounts(Fig.3).E¤erbeliHill,whichismuchhigherthan Akseki.Theprecipitationisgenerallyinwinter(almost theotherstations,hasextremeprecipitationand halfofit)andtheleastinsummer(DM‹,1984).The temperatureaverages. rainfallregimeisthe EastMediterraneanRainRegime TypeI inAksekiandGündo¤mufl,and theCentral MediterraneanRainRegimeType inGüzelsu(Erinç, MaterialsandMethods 1988).AccordingtoEmberger’sMediterraneanbio- ThispaperisbasedonaPhDthesis.Twothousand climatelayersclassification,Aksekiis rainyandsub-cold, fourhundredandeighty-sixspecimenswerecollected Gündo¤muflrainysub-cool,andGüzelsu rainyandupper between1994and1997.Thespecimenswereidentified cool (Dönmez,1984).Theclimatediagramsweredrawn atthefamily,genericandspecieslevelsaccordingto usingGaussen’smethod(Akman,1990).Thediagrams differentfloras(Davis,1965-1985;Davisetal.,1988; helpshowthearidseasons(Figs.2,3).Forabetter Güneretal.,2000;Boissier,1867-1888;Rechingeret understandingoftheclimateofthearea,aclimate al.,1965-1977;Tutinetal.,1964-1980;Townsend& 305 FloraofTuzakl›,Otluk,GidefiMountainsandSurroundings(Akseki) °C GÜZELSU 1250 12.6 1864.7 mm thelifeformsofalltaxa.Thelifeformsmentionedinthe 300 textandappendixareabbreviatedasfollows: 200 (Ph)–Phanerophyte,(Ch)–Chamaephyte,(H)- Hemicryptophyte,(Th)–Therophyte,(G)–Geophyte,(Vp)- 50 100 VascularParasite,(cv.)-cultivar.Agriculturalplantswere notincludedintherateofendemismand 40 80 phytogeographicregionelements.IUCNcategoriesof species( Astragalusantalyensis A.Duran&Podlech, A. 30 60 cedreticola A.Duran&Podlech, Chaerophyllum aksekiense A.Duran&H.Dumanand Tordylium 20 40 ketenoglui H.Duman&A.Duran)publishedrecentlyare given(Duran&Duman,1999a;Podlech,1999).The IUCNcategoriesareasfollows:(CR)-Critically 20 10 Endangered,(EN)-endangered,(VU)-Vulnerable(IUCN, 2000).ThespecimensarekeptintheGAZIandADO 0 herbaria. E⁄ERBEL‹ 2427 4.3 2500.5 400 DiscussionandConclusions 300 Thisstudywascarriedoutwith2486plantspecimens 200 50 100 collectedover3years.Asaresultoftheidentificationof theplantspecimens88families,484generaand1023 40 80 taxa(subsp.andvar.included)weredeterminedfromthe area.Sevenofthe1023taxaarefromthe Pteridophyta 30 60 division;1016belongtotheSpermatophyta division.Ten taxaareGymnospermae and1006areinthesubdivision 20 40 Angiospermae.Eighthundredandforty-fourtaxabelong 10 20 totheclass Dicotyledonae and162belongtotheclass Monocotyledonae. 0 Thetaxamaybecategorisedaccordingto -10 -20 phytogeographicregionasfollows:Mediterranean360 (37.4%),Irano-Turanian86(8.9%)andEuro-Siberian Figure3. ClimateDiagramofGüzelsuandE¤erbeli 35(3.6%).Thereare481(50%)taxa,ofwhichsome areofmulti-regionalorsomeofunknown Guest,1966-1985;Zohary,1966-1986)andrevisions phytogeographicregionsatthemoment.Theratioof (Do¤an,1999;Aytaç,1997;Podlech,1998a;Podlech, phytogeographicregionelementsiscomparedwiththose 1998b;Tuzlac›,1987;Al-Eisawi&Jury1988;Wagenitz insomeotherstudiescarriedoutintheregion(Table1). &Hellwig,2000). ThestudyareaislocatedintheMediterranean AlistisgivenintheAppendixofthetaxadetermined; PhytogeographicRegionandhasaMediterranean cultivatedplantsarelistedafternaturalplants,and,in climate,whichhastypicallyaridsummers.Therefore,in addition,cultivarformsofthecultivatedplantsaregiven thisresearcharea,xerophyteplantsadaptedtoanarid (TKB,1999).Thelistofplantsissetoutaccordingtothe environmentarecommon.Mediterraneanelementsare orderintheFloraofTurkey.Thefollowingdetailsare representedbythehighestpercentageintheflora.The statedintheappendix:familyname,speciesname, researchareaborderstheIrano-Turanian author(s),locality,altitude,collectiondate,habitat,name
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