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1715 Militia The Newsletter supports Cumbria’s Museum of TheLion& Military Life. theDragonTheFriendsofCumbria’sMuseumofMilitaryLife Autumn2020 Contents Rebels in the Fells Regimental vehicles - Saxon 'Gentlemen's Cavalry' - Part 1 Book shelf 'History's waiting room' - the Lion and Dragon archive 'Endex' - a military miscellany 'Still serving' news Museum, Friends & Reenactors news Diary Lest we forget sitrep Thank you everyone who commented on the 'The Lion & the Dragon' in our questionnaire. There’s more about the results of the Survey in the News section on page 7. It showed that we need to provide content that interests history enthusiasts as well as former members of the Regiment, or indeed of any regiment. An occasional series on the Regimental Family is in preparation, which will cover men and women, soldiers and non-coms, who form part of the Regimental family that stretcehd back to 1702. RebelsintheFells If you have a candidate, ancient or modern, you'd like Autumn 1715. The white Stuart cockades are much in Lieutenancy, both horse and foot, to be put in such a posture as included please get in touch. evidence in Scotland and the Borders. Supporters of the Old to be in readiness to meet upon the first orders; and also to give We also want to encourage Pretender – James III of England and VIII Scotland have risen the necessary directions to the proper officers of the Militia more people to follow-up against the new Hanoverian King, George. The Borders are forthwith to seize, with the assistance of a constable, the their interest in military threatened by Jacobites, led by a former Northumberland MP, persons and arms of all Papists, Non-Jurors, or other persons history by writing. David 'General' Sir Thomas Forster. that you have reason to suspect to be disaffected to his Majesty Allardice and, in this edition and his Government, and may probably be aiding to such Calling out the Militia Ted Carter, have taken up Insurrection or Invasion." On the 16 September 1715, the Government had that challenge. We’dlike instructed the Lord Lieutenant of Cumberland and The Government instructions, continued, more. Westmorland, Lord Carlisle, who was at Castle "...repair to the Counties whereof you are Lord Lieutenant, Peter Green Howard in Yorkshire, and accordingly it is his Majesty's pleasure that your Editor Lordship should go thither without loss of time to take care " ... to cause the whole Militia within your [email protected] of regulating the Militia." The Earl of Carlisle did not venture out of Yorkshire It was normal for the Deputy Lieutenants to implement militia activity, in this case Lord Lonsdale, was the militia The Militia The 1715 Borlum & his Scot's Jacobites 'General' Forster's Commanding Officer. The job of copying out the government English Jacobites instructions and circulating them fell on the Lieutenancy’s Brougham's Coy Clerk, Hugh Simpson at Penrith. At the end of September he Carlisle Kelso Wooler © Lion & Dragon reported that he and his agents travelled: 24 October Cavalry Troop Kenmuirs' “...three times round both the counties of Cumberland and Dalston Scot's Jacobites Westmorland at times when [the roads in both counties] were Blencow's Coy very bad to travel in”. Penrith Lonsdale's Coy Jedburgh The Militia and Regulars Lamplugh's Coy 'West Ward' Cockermouth Rothbury There were no regulars in Cumberland and Westmorland 19 October just the Militia. These were part-time soldiers, only paid when Flemming's Militia Coy called out – the formal term was 'Embodied'. In Cumberland Stenhouse's Coy Langholm Kendal and Westmorland there were seven infantry companies, Millom 'General' Forster's between 50 and a 100 men strong and a troop of Longtown raises the Jacobite cavalry. Although from the two counties, they were 31 October standard managed as one battalion. Lord Lonsdale reported that Jacobites they were, Wilson's Coy Brigadier Stanwix Cover picture 'East Ward' Dumfries Brougham's Coy & James III of England and James II of " ... almost throughout ill armed, but I don't know how that Blencow's Coy James VIII Scotland, the 'Old England and VII of can be remedied at present, for they can't be provided with Carlisle Castle Lieutenant-General Carpenter Pretender', painted by © Lion & Dragon Hexham Scotland was deposed by in better in this country, and it will be a long time before new 6 October Dragoons and Foot at Alexis-Simon Belle © The ones can be had from London. We have ordered them to throw Jacobites Newcastle, searches the National Portrait Gallery 1688 and replaced by his away their pikes and get firelocks in their place." Forster's triumph in the Fells Borders for Forster, then returns London Protestant daughter Mary and to Newcastle At Newcastle, there were 750 regular troops, under General On 31 October Forster's army, now about 1,500 strong, Lamplugh's Coy Penrith Fell her husband William of Orange. and the Carpenter. And a force of 2,500 dragoons and infantry was marched south, avoiding Carlisle. On 2 November they were 2 November Map Cumberland posse The roundabout journey of the The 'Old Pretender' also known being assembled at Manchester. Two companies of 'Invalids', near Penrith. Lord Lonsdale had called out all able-bodied Lonsdales Jacobites from that is soldiers no longer fit for active service, had been men, the posse comitatus, to support the militia company in Stenhouse's Militia Coy Penrith as 'The Chevalier' was the son Coy Northumberland through The despatched northwards to garrison Carlisle Castle. blocking the rebels' route. The posse was armed with scythes, Cockermouth of James and Mary Modena. He Appleby Borders to the Battle of clubs and ancient muskets. On first sight of the rebels, the Lord Lonsdale Cumbria threatened Preston. was alleged, by some, to have posse abandoned their positions. Forster’s Chaplin Reverend Lonsdale Castle After 2 November been a foundling smuggled into On the 14 October the Governor of Carlisle Castle, Brigadier Robert Patten described them: her bedchamber in a warming Thomas Stanwix, received notice from Newcastle that the Two companies of 'Invalids' More information "...broke up with their camp in the utmost confusion, to garrison Carlisle pass unseen by the rebels Reid, Stuart 'Sheriffmuir pan. rebels intended to seize the Castle. Two companies of militia were moved to the Castle and the remaining companies were shifting everyone for themselves as well as they could, as he is Flemming's Militia Coy 5 November 1715', Pen and Sword, 2014 generally the case of an armed but undisciplined multitude." Kendal The 'Young Pretender', better dispersed across the Counties, to prevent signs of rebellion. Oates, Jonathan 'Battles of the known as 'Bonnie Prince The Castle already held suspected Jacobite sympathisers. Ferguson in his History of Cumberland is equally blunt: Earl Carlisle, Lord Lieutenant of Jacobite Rebellions', Pen and Cumberland and Westmorland Sword, 2019 Charlie' or 'The Young Chevalier' Taken into custody as a result of an order in Council of 20 "... soon as the Highlanders appeared, the posse comitatus Wilson's Coy was his son. July. This canny move deprived the rebels of the leaders of went away; in plain words, they skedaddled, leaving the two Kirby Lonsdale any potential Cumbrian rebels. The prisoners were well commanders and a few of their servants...It is said the prelate And the last battle Both had to overcome looked after. The Bishop of Carlisle, Nicholson, records dining lost his wig, while shouting from the carriage window to his Lancashire Militia to Wigan on English soil? opposition to their Roman with them and Lord Lonsdale: coachman to stop. " Preston or Clifton Moor, Castle Howard Catholic faith at a time when "... I read ye 2dService in the Cathedral; and din'd (with Ld L Westmorland? Clifton Moor, In his diary Bishop Nicholson recorded only that: Lancaster Lieutenant-General Carpenter Catholicism was seen as the thin & ye popish prisoners) at the Governours. (sic)..." fought on 18 December 1745 "Nov.2. I was eye-witness of our Posse's flight, and ye Rebels and Earl Carlisle and Dragoons York between the rearguard of the edge of autocratic rule by King From Newcastle to Preston Forster and the Scots marching into Penrith." Young Pretender's army and and Pope, and the persecution 13 November Sir Thomas Forster had declared for the Jacobite cause on 6 Government cavalry is of Protestants. The last battle on English soil? October at Hexham. He was joined by around 60 men. His described by some sources as The Jacobites entered Penrith unopposed. The Militia had The Battle of Preston only a 'skirmish'. For some the Jacobites first destination was Wirkworth, perhaps intending to go on Leeds and seize Newcastle. But the Mayor of Newcastle barricaded gone, but at least that denied the rebels their arms. The 12 -13 November 1715 represented the security of the Jacobites continued south. They reached Preston on 11 Preston was certainly no the gaps in the Town's Walls and raised a volunteer regiment. General Wills traditional Royal family as November. The road to Manchester appeared open. But the skirmish. And the Penrith On 15 October the first regular troops arrived in the town. Dragoons, Foot and Lancashire Militia Fells? Not an engagement of opposed to the new next day General Wills' regulars, supported by the Lancashire Thwarted, Forster wandered backwards. Preston any kind. Hanoverians, whilst in Scotland Militia, arrived from Wigan. 12 November At the same time, a detachment of the Earl of Mar's Scots Wigan they were a rallying point for Jacobites under Mackintosh of Borlum had marched south, The Jacobites barricaded themselves in the town. The battle those opposed to joined Lord Kenmuir's lowland Jacobites and attempted to had no elegant manoeuvring.
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