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Estimated Water Use in Montana in 2000

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Estimated Water Use in Montana in 2000 In cooperation with the Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation Estimated Water Use in Montana in 2000 Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5223 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey COVER PHOTOGRAPHS: View to the southwest showing Chessman Reservoir, Montana (lower left) and sprinkler irrigation of pasture in western Montana (upper right). Photographs by M.R. Cannon, U.S. Geological Survey, taken in July 2003. Estimated Water Use in Montana in 2000 by M.R. Cannon and Dave R. Johnson In cooperation with the Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5223 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior Gale A. Norton, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Charles G. Groat, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2004 For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Information Services Box 25286, Denver Federal Center Denver, CO 80225 For more information about the USGS and its products: Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/ For additional information write to: District Chief U.S. Geological Survey 3162 Bozeman Avenue Helena, Montana 59601 Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report. iii CONTENTS Glossary. .vi Abstract. 1 Introduction . 1 Purpose and Scope . 2 Sources of Data. 3 Methods of Analysis. 3 Factors Affecting Water Availability and Use in Montana . 3 Previous Investigations. 8 Units of Water Measurement. 8 Estimated Use of Water in 2000. 8 Water Withdrawals and Consumptive Use by Category. 8 Irrigation. 11 Public Supply. 22 Self-Supplied Domestic. 26 Self-Supplied Industrial. 26 Thermoelectric Power Generation. 26 Livestock . 26 Instream Water Use by Category. 34 Hydroelectric Power Generation . 34 Water Reserved for Instream Flow Purposes . 34 Evaporation from Major Reservoirs and Regulated Lakes. 36 Summary. 36 References Cited . 39 Appendix 1: Water Withdrawals by Hydrologic Unit for Six Categories of Use. 41 FIGURES 1-6. Maps showing: 1. Major river basins, counties, and selected towns in Montana. 2 2. Stream basins and Hydrologic Unit Codes . 4 3. Average annual precipitation in Montana, 1961-1990. 6 4. Average annual runoff in Montana, 1951-1980 . 7 5. General extent of major aquifers in near-surface bedrock and semiconsolidated sediments in Montana . 9 6. General extent of unconsolidated deposits that yield water to shallow wells in Montana. 10 7. Graphs showing total water withdrawals in Montana by category and total water consumed in Montana by category in 2000. 16 8-14. Maps showing: 8. Total water withdrawals in Montana counties in 2000. 17 9. Total water withdrawals in Montana hydrologic units in 2000 . 18 10. Irrigation water withdrawals in Montana counties in 2000 . 19 11. Public-supply water withdrawals in Montana counties in 2000. 25 iv 12. Self-supplied domestic water withdrawals in Montana counties in 2000 . 28 13. Self-supplied industrial water withdrawals in Montana counties in 2000 . 30 14. Livestock water withdrawals in Montana counties in 2000 . 33 TABLES 1. Runoff from Montana’s rivers, 2000 calendar year and 1971-2000 average. .3 2. Common water-measurement units . 11 3. Total population and water withdrawals in Montana by county, 2000. 12 4. Total population and water withdrawals in Montana by hydrologic unit, 2000. .14 5. Irrigation water withdrawals and consumptive use in Montana by county, 2000. .20 6. Public-supply water withdrawals in Montana by county, 2000. 23 7. Self-supplied domestic water withdrawals in Montana by county, 2000 . 27 8. Self-supplied industrial water withdrawals in Montana by county, 2000 . 29 9. Water withdrawals for thermoelectric power generation in Montana by county, 2000. 31 10. Livestock water requirements . 31 11. Livestock water withdrawals in Montana by county, 2000. 32 12. Instream water use for hydroelectric power generation in Montana by county, 2000 . 34 13. Montana streams with Murphy Rights instream-flow protection . 35 14. Estimated net reservoir evaporation for major reservoirs. 37 Appendix 1 1-1. Irrigation water withdrawals and consumptive use in Montana by hydrologic unit, 2000. 42 1-2. Public-supply water withdrawals in Montana by hydrologic unit, 2000. 44 1-3. Self-supplied domestic water withdrawals in Montana by hydrologic unit, 2000 . 46 1-4. Self-supplied industrial water withdrawals in Montana by hydrologic unit, 2000 . 48 1-5. Water withdrawals for thermoelectric power generation by hydrologic unit, 2000 . 48 1-6. Livestock water withdrawals in Montana by hydrologic unit, 2000. ..
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