DOCSLIB.ORG

Final Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Final Report FINAL REPORT THE RALLIES AND IT S RELATION WITH CONTRACEPTIVES SALES PREFACE Family of the future association, as a non go­ vernmental organization, aimed since its establishment to support the Egyptian National programme for popula­ tion ann family planning. To help the F.O.FO in pla­ nning and programming, its activities through scientific approach, Research Department Carrying out Co-ordinate studies to conduct practicable recommendation may help in modify the method of work to efficient ones. The rallies are consider one of the most impor­ tant methods using to spread information about contra­ ceptives adopted by F.of. So that, Research Department gave its attention to carry out a special study about this rallies and its relation with contraceptives sales. This report, which prepared by group of acadimic research, will present the final refiults of that study. There are ,,great hope to use these results for direzting the rallies method to achieve more effecti­ veness and broad acomplishmerit for the f.o.f's goals. Contents Chapter One Page I -Introduction -Subject of the study -Objectives of the study -Methodology A. Sample selection B, Study tools C. Data collection D. Analysis E. Findings of the study. Chapter Two 9 -Main characteristics of the sample Chapter Three 15 - Field data findings First Findings concerning rallies Second Comparisoi, between the experimental sample and the control sample concerning their opinion about rallies. Third Respondants knowledge about family planning and contraceptives Fourth Awareness of FOF association and its products Fifth Practice and methods used among respondants Chapter Four The relation between rallies and FOF distributed quantities -Introduction First : Rallies geographical distribution in Cairo metropolitan area during 1982. Second : The time sequence for rallies in Cairo metropolitan area during 1982. Third : FOF distributed quantities of contraceptives during 1982. General Discussion and Conclusion of Study Recomendations Appendix (Cross-tables - Questionnaire). Introduction In spite of the over population problem which Egypt faces, many theoretical and academic studies have been conducted on this problem. Meanwhile the applied research about this problem is very little which indicates no balance between the problem and the member of applied studies. In the past few years, many private association, have contributed in this field beside governnental efforts in order to overcome this problem. Family of the future is considered as one of the pioneers in this field for its efforts and activities to achieve the objectives of the national policy of population FOF started its activities 3 years ago (in 1979). It specifies a great part of its activities for the awareness of the population problem in general and the usage of contraceptives in particular. FOF plans mainly to arhieve this goal through the rallies which are held in over-populated areas,especially in the urban areas which are characterized with high birth rates. Another important activity of FOF is directed towards providing physicians and pharmacists with contraceptives at reasonable prices for consumers. The FOF research department conducted research studies to explore public physicians and pharmacists attitudes towards FOF products and its distribution system. The findings of these research studies has assisted in constructing its policy and future plans . The current research aims are to study the relation between FOF, rallies and their effects on the distribution system among physicians and pharmacists. Subject of the Study The main objective of FOF rallies is to inform people about the population problem and family planning methods. -2- FOF believes that this will increase the sales of its products and, also raise the usage efficiency. To continue the rallies activity, we have to be sure that.the costs and efforts of conducting rallies is proportionate with its effectiveness on sales. For future plans it is important to answer the following question: Did rallies achieve its goal and increase the distributed quantities of contraceptives? The answer of this question is the main goal of our study. Objectives of the Study The purpose of this study in general is to identify the relation between the FOF rallies which were held in greater Cairo in 1982 and the distributed amounts during the same year. The Objectives of the Study are: 1. Identify the rallies effectiveness on increasing attendants'intormation about contraceptives and also the suitability of this information. 2. The effect of attending rallies on using contraceptives in general and FOF products in particular. Identify the relation between time sequence of rallies and the demand of contraceptives. 4. Identify the relation between the geographicall distribution of raliies and the flow of demand of contraceptives. I. Methodology 1. Sample selection 2. Study tools 3. Data collection 4. Analysis. II. Field Study Findings 1. Demographics of the respondants of the two samples 2. Experimental sample findings concerning rallies 3. Comparison between findings of the experiiuental and control samples 4. Hearing of family planning and its methods among the two samples -. 4­ 5. Hearing of family of the future and its products among the two samples 6. Comparing findings concerning practice of family planning among the two samples. III. Study of Recorded Data 1. Geographical distribution and time sequence of rallies which were held during 1982. 2. The relation between number of rallies and number of attendants and the sales quantities of FOF products. IV. Conclusion and Reccmendations. I. Methodology 1. Saple Selection The samplinS population of this study is the public who attended the FOF rallies in greater Cairo during 1982. According to the FOF recorded data, FOF conducted 906 rallies with (53861) attendants (males and fenales). These rallies were held in (28) geographical areas in greater Cairo. The sample was selected in two steps: 1. The three areas with the highest niuber of rallies were selected from the 28 areas of greater Cairo. These areas are: Shoubra, Tababa and Giza. 229 rallies with 13740 attendants were held in the above three areas during 1982. This is equal to 25.3% from the total number of rallies and 25.5% from the total number of attendants. 2. A stratified random sample was drawn from the FOF list of rallies'attendants during 1982. This sample consisted of (158) attendants (80 males and 78 females). To achieve the objectives of this study a control purposive sample of (162) persons (82 males and 80 females) who never attend FOF rallies was randomly selected fron the same three areas. This means that the total sample consisted of (320) persons. II.Study Tools A. Recorded Data This study depends on the FOF available recorded data about number of rallies, number of attendants, and distributed quatities of FOF products during 1982. These products are: IUD copper T, copper 7, "Amman" foaming tablets and "Topps" Condum. B. Questionnaire A quastionnaire has been designed including parts about demographic information, knowledge about family planning and FOF association, sources of getting contraceptives, and suggestions about rallies and contraceptive methods. This questionnaire has been tested anong 32 cases, and according to the pre-test results the questionnaire was modified. (A copy of this questionnaire is attached in the Appendix). C. Individual Interviews Individual interviews were held among FOF medical representatives and distributers to obtain extra information about rallies and distribution systems to integrate with field study data. III. Data Collection Ten FOF trained volunteers carried out the field work in three weeks, and at the sane time three researchers tabulated the FOF recorded data Ii,five weeks. The office and field data check have been done during March 1983. Three expert researchers conducted the individual interviews during April 1.983. IV. Analysli 1. Analysis of variations in the quarterly data of the distributed quantities of FOF products to physicians and pharmacists during 1982. This is done by calculating the weighted geamatric means for this data. 2. Analysis of variations in the quarterly nunbers rallies which were held during 1982 in the (28) areas. This is also done by calculating the weighted ecametric means. 3. Using person's correlation factors to estimate correlations betwaen the distributed quantities of FOF products and the number of rallies and its attendants. 4. Tabulating the frequency distributions for all questionnaire variables. 7 5. Testing the significance of deviation between attendants and non-attendants of rallies concerning the quantity of knowledge about family planning and contraceptives. This is done by calculating the contingency factors. 6. Testing the segnificance of deviations in attendants knowledge according to variables/4e, sex, education, and incone. Findings of the Study Findings of the study will be in three parts: 1. Field data findings. 2. Recorded data findings. 3. Conclusion and recommendations. CHAPTER 1 NAIN CHARAC"ERISTIC OF THE SAMPLE CHAPTER TWO MAIN CLARACTERISTICS OF THE SAMPLE The study consisted of two samples, an experimental sample of (158) persons who attended FOF rallies and a contr3l sample of (162) persons who never attended FOF rallies. Half of the experimental sample is males and the other is females, all of rhem are married and in the fertile age. The sample is distributed on the three geographical areas as follows: Shoubra 36Z - Giza 362 - Bababa 28%). The control sample was selected from people who had never attended rallies but had the same characteristics of the experimental sample concerning sex, marriage status, and geographical distribution. Table (1) Total Sample Distribution by Sex and District Sex! Exp. Sample Control Sample % Males Females Total % District Males Females Total Shoubra 28 29 57 36 30 29 59 36 Giza 30 27 57 36 29 28 57 35 Embaba 22 22 44 28 23 23 46 29 Total 80 78 158 100 82 80 162 100 - iD - This part includes a sunmary of the main characteristics of the experimental and control samples concerning age, education, income, duration of marriage, and nunber of children.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mints – MISR NATIONAL TRANSPORT STUDY
    No. TRANSPORT PLANNING AUTHORITY MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT MiNTS – MISR NATIONAL TRANSPORT STUDY THE COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON THE MASTER PLAN FOR NATIONWIDE TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT FINAL REPORT TECHNICAL REPORT 11 TRANSPORT SURVEY FINDINGS March 2012 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. ALMEC CORPORATION EID KATAHIRA & ENGINEERS INTERNATIONAL JR - 12 039 No. TRANSPORT PLANNING AUTHORITY MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT MiNTS – MISR NATIONAL TRANSPORT STUDY THE COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON THE MASTER PLAN FOR NATIONWIDE TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT FINAL REPORT TECHNICAL REPORT 11 TRANSPORT SURVEY FINDINGS March 2012 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. ALMEC CORPORATION EID KATAHIRA & ENGINEERS INTERNATIONAL JR - 12 039 USD1.00 = EGP5.96 USD1.00 = JPY77.91 (Exchange rate of January 2012) MiNTS: Misr National Transport Study Technical Report 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS Item Page CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................1-1 1.1 BACKGROUND...................................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 THE MINTS FRAMEWORK ................................................................................................................1-1 1.2.1 Study Scope and Objectives .........................................................................................................1-1
    [Show full text]
  • Daring to Care Reflections on Egypt Before the Revolution and the Way Forward
    THE ASSOCIATION OF INTERNATIONAL CIVIL SERVANTS IN EGYPT Daring To Care Reflections on Egypt Before The Revolution And The Way Forward Experts’ Views On The Problems That Have Been Facing Egypt Throughout The First Decade Of The Millennium And Ways To Solve Them Daring to Care i Daring to Care ii Daring to Care Daring to Care Reflections on Egypt before the revolution and the way forward A Publication of the Association of International Civil Servants (AFICS-Egypt) Registered under No.1723/2003 with Ministry of Solidarity iii Daring to Care First published in Egypt in 2011 A Publication of the Association of International Civil Servants (AFICS-Egypt) ILO Cairo Head Office 29, Taha Hussein st. Zamalek, Cairo Registered under No.1723/2003 with Ministry of Solidarity Copyright © AFICS-Egypt All rights reserved Printed in Egypt All articles and essays appearing in this book as appeared in Beyond - Ma’baed publication in English or Arabic between 2002 and 2010. Beyond is the English edition, appeared quarterly as a supplement in Al Ahram Weekly newspaper. Ma’baed magazine is its Arabic edition and was published independently by AFICS-Egypt. BEYOND-MA’BAED is a property of AFICS EGYPT No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted or utilised in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without prior permission of AFICS Egypt. Printed in Egypt by Moody Graphic International Ltd. 7, Delta st. ,Dokki 12311, Giza, Egypt - www.moodygraphic.com iv Daring to Care To those who have continuously worked at stirring the conscience of Egypt, reminding her of her higher calling and better self.
    [Show full text]
  • The Aesthetics of Islamic Architecture & the Exuberance of Mamluk Design
    The Aesthetics of Islamic Architecture & The Exuberance of Mamluk Design Tarek A. El-Akkad Dipòsit Legal: B. 17657-2013 ADVERTIMENT. La consulta d’aquesta tesi queda condicionada a l’acceptació de les següents condicions d'ús: La difusió d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del servei TDX (www.tesisenxarxa.net) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en activitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva difusió i posada a disposició des d’un lloc aliè al servei TDX. No s’autoritza la presentació del s eu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant al resum de presentació de la tesi com als seus continguts. En la utilització o cita de parts de la tesi és obligat indicar el nom de la persona autora. ADVERTENCIA. La consulta de esta tesis queda condicionada a la aceptación de las siguientes condiciones de uso: La difusión de esta tesis por medio del servicio TDR (www.tesisenred.net) ha sido autorizada por los titulares de los derechos de propiedad intelectual únicamente para usos privados enmarcados en actividades de investigación y docencia. No se autoriza su reproducción con finalidades de lucro ni su difusión y puesta a disposición desde un sitio ajeno al servicio TDR. No se autoriza la presentación de su contenido en una ventana o marco ajeno a TDR (framing). Esta reserva de derechos afecta tanto al resumen de presentación de la tesis como a sus contenidos.
    [Show full text]
  • Decree-Law of the President of the Arab Republic of Egypt No
    The Official Gazette Issue no. 51 (bis.) on December 21st 2014 Page (2) Decree-Law of the President of the Arab Republic of Egypt no. 202/2014 Concerning Electoral Districting for the Elections of the House of Representatives The President of the Republic Having perused: the Constitution; Decree-Law no. 45/2014 on the regulation of the Exercise of Political Rights; Decree-Law no. 46/2014 on the House of Representatives; Upon consulting the High Elections Committee; Upon the approval of the Council of Ministers; and On the basis of the opinion of the Council of State; Decided on the following Law: Article 1 The provisions of the attached law shall apply with regard to the first elections for the House of Representatives that is held after its entry into force and any related by-elections. Any provision contradicting the provisions of the attached law is hereby abolished. Article 2 The Arab Republic of Egypt shall be divided into 237 electoral districts (constituencies) under the Individual-Seat system, and 4 constituencies under the lists system. Article 3 The scope and units of each constituency and the number of seats allocated thereto, and to each Governorate, shall be pursuant to the attached tables, in a manner which observes the fair representation of the population and Governorates and the equitable representation of voters. Article 4 This decree-law and the tables attached thereto shall be published in the Official Gazette and shall enter into force as of the day following its date of publication. Issued at the Presidency of the Republic on the 29th of Safar, 1436 A.H.
    [Show full text]
  • Annaulreport MISR BANK 2004-2005.Pdf
    Mr. Mohamed Kamal El Din Barakat Chairman During the fiscal year 2004/2005, the Egyptian government undertook significant structural reforms to the financial and monetary policies that led to an increase in the GDP (gross domestic product) growth rate to 5.1% compared to 4.2% in the previous year as well as a reduction of the inflation rate to 4.7%. Furthermore, the foreign exchange markets witnessed stability and the monetary reserves of foreign currencies increased to more than $20 Billion. This improvement was reflected upon all market sectors including banking. Consequently, it impacted Banque Misr's financial achievements for this year where total assets had grown by 17.3% to reach L.E 106.8 billion. As for the deposits, they grew by 16.3% to reach L.E 93.2 Billion and the shareholders' equity increased by 2.6% to reach L.E 3.5 Billion. Concerning loans, the total loans portfolio grew by 3.8% to reach L.E 37.8 billion. Furthermore, the bank continued its support for small and micro finance projects by offering credit facilities engaging higher employment rates for economy support. The financial investments increased by 26% to reach L.E. 39.1 Billion. In this context, the Bank's newly introduced investment fund with daily current revenue (day by day account) was highly accepted by the customers. This was reflected by the increase of its net value from L.E. 200 Million on its issuance date during August 2004 to reach more than L.E. 2 Billion by the end of July 2005, the total profits before provisions and taxes increased by 74.3% to reach L.E.
    [Show full text]
  • Downtown Cairo
    448 Urban Regeneration and Sustainability URBAN REGENERATION OF PUBLIC SPACE – AL-ALFI STREET – DOWNTOWN CAIRO S. ATTIA, Z. SHAFIK, A. EL HALAFAWY & H.A. KHALIL Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Egypt. ABSTRACT Urban regeneration has been an accepted strategy for reviving city centers around the globe in Western Developed settings and in developing cities for decades. In Cairo, post January 25th Revolution, the Egyptian government sought an approach to upgrade several sites in downtown classical Cairo, to set new conditions for use of public space, to redistribute the power of authority and re-define the rules for the claim of public space of the city. The Cairo Governorate officially launched many projects within the same period; mainly focusing on refurbishing squares and streets, facades face lifting, control- ling vendors’ trespassing and regulating car parking space among other regulations within Downtown area. However, having accepted and acknowledged the governmental intentions of the regeneration projects a question poses itself as to ‘How the community perceives and cherishes those initiatives?’ More important questions are raised regarding the regeneration of Al Alfi Street, the case study that addresses the governmental attempt in down town Cairo in 2015. It brings to light the dynamics enacted between different stakeholders. A research is conducted by adopting participant observations, surveys, questionnaires, and interviews with the local community and different stakeholders to understand their perception and appreciation to the ‘2015’ urban regeneration attempt. The findings of the paper set the urban regeneration principles in a discussion aiming at assessing the stakeholders’ involvement versus their goals and measuring their satisfaction with the outcome of the project, while still posing the ques- tion of the meaning of urban regeneration to the local community and to alternative scenarios that could yield more successful outcomes.
    [Show full text]
  • Italian - Egyptian Debt for Development Swap Programme
    ITALIAN - EGYPTIAN DEBT FOR DEVELOPMENT SWAP PROGRAMME FINAL REPORT 2001 - 2008 This Report has been published by the Technical Support Unit (TSU) to the Management Committee Italian-Egyptian Debt for Development Swap Program (2001-2008) Director: Roberto Schuller Drafted by Marco Ginestro and Antonio Bottone (TSU) With the contribution of: Sara Berlese, Ismail Faramawi, Salvatore Ficara, Marco Marchetti, Annamaria Meligrana, Raffaella Rucci, Giovanna Santaniello, Roberto Schuller, Piero Scerrino, Piera Solinas, Andrea Tani Edited by Sara Berlese All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission or reference to this source. Printed in November 2008 Italian Egyptian Debt for Development Swap Program Acronyms AAE Association for the Advancement of Education (NGO) AES Agricultural Experimental Station ADEW Association for the Development and Enhancement of Women (NGO) ARC Agricultural Research Centre BDC Business Development Centres CAPMAS Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics CBE Central Bank of Egypt CDA Community Development Association CIERA Centro Italo-Egiziano per il Restauro e le Antichità CIU Consultation and Information Unit CLEQM Central Laboratory for Environment Quality Monitoring - NWRC COSPE Cooperazione per lo Sviluppo dei Paesi Emergenti (NGO) CPF Counterpart Fund of the Debt Swap program EEAA Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 3.2 Description of Survey Tasks
    APPENDIX 3.2 DESCRIPTION OF SURVEY TASKS APPENDIX 3.2 DESCRIPTION OF SURVEY TASKS 1. Preparatory Work The candidate survey locations were visited several times to: • Select a suitable location for each survey station. • Determine the required manpower of surveyors and supervisors • Sketch the site and its surrounding features. The following precautions were considered when selecting the survey locations: • The survey site has to be on a straight part of the road to provide sufficient sight distance for the surveyor to see the coming vehicles and to secure the safety of the survey team. • The survey site should be on a level road section to avoid the increase in vehicle speed in the down-grade direction which may increase the hazards possibility against the survey team. • The survey site has to be on an illuminated section as possible to provide adequate vision to the survey team during dark periods of the survey works and maintain safety aspects to the survey team. • The survey site has to be easily accessible by optimizing the transport process of the survey team to/from each site. • A detailed sketch for each survey station site should be prepared by the site supervisors. (1) Locations of Traffic Count Survey A total of 17 traffic count stations were, originally, selected to carry out the manual classified count (MCC) for two days during 18 hours starting from 6:00 A.M. till 12:00 A.M. These count stations can be classified into two major categories. The first category (10 bridges) is represented by a screenline along the Nile River.
    [Show full text]
  • Paper Title (Use Style: Paper Title)
    International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology, 2021 Vol. 5, Issue 11, ISSN No. 2455-2143, Pages 83-95 Published Online March 2021 in IJEAST (http://www.ijeast.com) POWER AND THE CITY. CAIRO AN ARENA FOR PROFIT, CLASSES DISPUTE OR POLITICAL PROPAGANDA? Sadek Saad Department of Architectural Engineering Shobra Faculty of Engineering, Benha University, Cairo, Egypt Abstract— The city can be seen as the end-product of Rapoport's (Rapoport, 1980) and Alexander's (Alexander, human civilisation, imposing various meninges, it can be an 2002) attempts at reading the urban form and patterns presented arena for political, economic, sociocultural and classes the urban components as the end-products of various forces in disputes, imbedding authoritarian power, control and action. However, it is the forces that shape the place and the discipline. type of urban processes (Saad, Forthcoming). In such a This study investigates the architectural and urban perspective, the city shows itself to be an interweaved urban traces of authoritarian power, control, and classes disputes structure reflecting its generating human activities driven by in Cairo from around the end of the 18th Century until the decision-makers and the urban processes’ nature. Power is not first two decades of the 21st Century. The study adopts a always about domination and controls; it should also be descriptive and synthesis research method and approach by understood as a general facility for enabling things to happen, relating significant authoritarian urban projects in Cairo to the power of decision-making (Allen, 2013, p. 9) and the power political, economic, and sociocultural forces in action.
    [Show full text]
  • GUIDELINES to the SURVEY of BUILDINGS and OPEN SPACES DECEMBER 2013 Guidelines Prepared by Urban Regeneration for Historic Cairo Project Team
    HISTORIC CAIRO WORLD HERITAGE PROPERTY GUIDELINES TO THE SURVEY OF BUILDINGS AND OPEN SPACES DECEMBER 2013 Guidelines prepared by Urban Regeneration for Historic Cairo Project Team: Franca MIGLIOLI, Project Manager, UNESCO-WHC Daniele PINI, Scientific Coordinator, UNESCO consultant Local team of consultants: - Federica FELISATTI, Architect, UNESCO consultant - Ahmed MANSOUR, Architect, UNESCO consultant - Ingy WAKED, Architect, UNESCO consultant - Mariam el KORACHY, Architect, UNESCO consultant - Ahmed ABOUZEID, Architect, UNESCO consultant External consultant for the GIS design and training: - Luca LANZONI, Architect, UNESCO consultant Project assistants: - Agne BARTKUTE, UNESCO-WHC - Radwa el WAKIL, UNESCO Cairo For this guidelines: - Amr KHAIRY, Translator and editor of the Arabic version - Eleonor CHAPMAN, Editor of the English version Images: © UNESCO, URHC Team (unless otherwise indicated) Graphic design: URHC Team The authors are responsible for the choice and the presentation of the facts contained in this report, and for the opinions expressed therein, which are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organisation. The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout the report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION p.04 1. BUILDINGS SURVEY FORM p.07 1.1 Building general information
    [Show full text]
  • Cairo Governorate: Candidate Salwa Alaa - the Egyptian Social Democratic Party - Thirteenth District - Boulaq - Individual Seat
    She and Elections II Report on Mentoring on the Ground of Women Candidates for the 2015 House of Representatives Elections March 2016 Nazra for Feminist Studies Table of Contents 4 About Nazra for Feminist Studies 6 Introduction 8 I. Political Environment, Public Sphere and the Status of Women during post-revolution Transitional Periods. 31 II. The Electoral Process Environment. 45 III. Experiences of the Women Candidates with whom Nazra for Feminist Studies worked. 70 IV. Women in the Elections of the House of Representatives. 76 V. Recommendations Based on Analyzing the Results of the Elections from a Feminist Perspective. 78 Annexes. 96 Study Team About Nazra for Feminist Studies s a group that aims to work towards the continuance and development of the Egyptian and re- gional feminist movement in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Nazra believes that Ifeminist and gender issues are social and political concerns with implications on the development and liberation of societies. The group aims to incorporate such issues into both public and private spheres in relevant societies. The team of Nazra for Feminist Studies, comprising both women and men, considers the integra- tion of feminist and gender issues achievable through believing in and struggling for such causes in both spheres. Nazra for Feminist Studies sees that young women and men across the board are struggling to incorporate their gender-based causes into society, thus, Nazra works to provide all forms of support to all supporters of such causes in general, and for the youth groups that take it upon themselves to further these causes in particular.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultureshock! Egypt: a Survival Guide to Customs and Etiquette (4Th
    CultureShock! A Survival Guide to Customs and Etiquette Egypt Susan L Wilson cs! egypt.indd 1 1/27/11 12:21:08 PM CultureShock! A Survival Guide to Customs and Etiquette Egypt Susan L Wilson CS! Egypt.indb i 3/14/11 10:48 AM This 4th edition published in 2011 by: Marshall Cavendish Corporation 99 White Plains Road Tarrytown, NY 10591-9001 www.marshallcavendish.us First published in 1998 by Times Editions; 2nd edition published in 2001; 3rd edition published in 2006 by Marshall Cavendish International (Asia) Private Limited. Copyright © 2006, 2011 Marshall Cavendish International (Asia) Private Limited All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Request for permission should be addressed to the Publisher, Marshall Cavendish International (Asia) Private Limited, 1 New Industrial Road, Singapore 536196. Tel: (65) 6213 9300, fax: (65) 6285 4871. E-mail: [email protected] The publisher makes no representation or warranties with respect to the contents of this book, and specifi cally disclaims any implied warranties or merchantability or fi tness for any particular purpose, and shall in no event be liable for any loss of profi t or any other commercial damage, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages. Other Marshall Cavendish Offi ces: Marshall Cavendish International (Asia) Private Limited. 1 New Industrial Road, Singapore 536196 Marshall Cavendish International. PO Box 65829, London EC1P 1NY, UK Marshall Cavendish International (Thailand) Co Ltd.
    [Show full text]