COMM 509 Classical Rhetorical Theory

Spring 2019 – Section 20787r Mondays 3:30 – 6:20 pm 4 units Location: ASC 331

Instructor: G. Thomas Goodnight Office Hours: Monday 9:00 – 9:00 am Office: ASC 206a Contact Info: [email protected] 213-821-5384

Course Description The aim of the course is to introduce students to the cultural development of rhetoric as part of Greek art, literature, drama, philosophy and public practice during the classical enlightenment. The course will feature reading, report, discussions of primary texts, with key contemporary secondary works. The course will include rhetorical, dialectical, and aesthetic theories of human being, knowledge, practice and culture. The cultural forms of mapping, sports, medicine, well- being, and conflict will furnish topics for inquiry.

Course Objectives & Goals Classical rhetoric is a tradition that begins from a constellation of cultural practices in the Mediterranean located in the bronze age and extends through writing into the formative literature and history of Hellenic times. The course familiarize students with the emergence of culture and symbolic forms that persist within and against codes of honor, the household, and the market. Cultural forms focus conflict, manifest antagonism, and generate opposition, controversy and debate. The political and normative cultural forms find articulation in moral instruction, political persuasion, ethical life, and aesthetic pleasures. The relationship of rhetoric to contemporary communication assemblies, problematics, resources, and speculative ventures serves as the broad focus of inquiry.

Skills Students will (1) acquire a vocabulary for rhetorical studies, (2) be able to assemble and annotate authoritative sources, (3) be taught to map the influence of classical concepts over time, (4) appreciate international, forms of life in cultural expression.

Course Assignments: The course has three assignments. 1. Students are asked to read Vico’s rhetoric. Vico develops a working vocabulary of concepts of rhetorical theory and practice. Students are asked to keep track of concepts and define terms. 2. Students are asked to assemble an annotated bibliography of primary and secondary sources on a selected subject matter. The bibliography should contain a dozen to twenty sources. 3. Students are asked to write a convention-paper length study that extends and discusses a key issue covered in the course.

Assignments Time Table: Mid-term (March 4). Please turn in a single WORD file that includes Vico notes + subject notes and a rough draft of the annotated bibliography. This will count as 30% of the grade. The week of March 11 please prepare a consultation with Goodnight for the final paper. A presentation of 2 the paper project will be presented in class, one per day for the final 3 weeks of the course. On May 8 please present a single file for the course (Subject: Comm 509). This should include Vico + subject notes entire; convention length paper. The final project will count 30% notes; 40% paper. Formula for grading: 30% initial Vico/notes; 30% final Vico/notes; 40% paper. Missed classes need be made up – extra-work negotiated. Grades arrived by comparison and read.

Readings: Vico, The Arts of Rhetoric Debra Hawhee, Rhetoric in Tooth and Claw: Animals Language and Sensation Debra Hawhee, Bodily Arts: Rhetoric and Athletics in Ancient Greece Susan P. Matthern, Galen and the Rhetoric of Healing. Essays on Blackboard: Primary readings are on line at source. Blackboard will host essays by scholars such as Eduard Zeller, John Poulakos, Takis Poulakos, Ekatrina Haskins, Thomas Farrell, and Martha Nussbaum.

Supplemental Sources: Back round sources include John Poulakos and Takis Poulakos, Classical Rhetorical Theory. Takis Poulakos ed., Rethinking the History of Rhetoric: Multidisciplinary Essays on the Rhetorical Tradition (Boulder: Westview, 1993); Baldwin Ancient Rhetoric and Poetic, and Vickers In Defense of Rhetoric.

SCHEDULE

1. M Jan 7 INTRODUCTION: “The Greeks Crucible of Civilization” Lecture: The Rhetorical Tradition Eduard Zeller, Outlines of the History of Greek Philosophy, part 1.

2. M Jan 14 THE BARD: HOMER AND THE EPOCHAL TRADITION Vico. Rhetoric as Tradition, pp. 1-19 Edith Hamilton. The Greek Religion Edith Hamilton. The Odyssey Malcolm Heath, Stasis-Theory in Homeric Commentary. Mnemsoyne 46:3 (1993): 356- 363. G. Thomas Goodnight, “The Beginnings of Rhetorical Consciousness”

M Jan 21 Martin Luther King Day No Class

3. M Jan 28 KOSMOS, MEGARIANS, PRESOCRATICS Vico, pp. 21-31. Kennerly and Pfister, Introduction, ARDN, 1-27 Mari Li Mifsud, On Network, ARDN 67-87 Antoine Braet. The Classical Doctrine of Status and the Rhetorical Theory of Argumentation. Philosophy & Rhetoric (1987); 79-93. Otto Alvin Dieter, Stasis. Speech Monographs 17:4 (1950): 345-369.

4. M Feb 4 THE FORA: PROTAGORAS, GORGIAS (Read the Protagoras and the Gorgias) Vico, pp. 35-45. 3 E. Johanna Hartelius, “Big Data and Global Knowledge: A Protagorean Analysis of the United Nation’s Global Pulse.” ARDN 67-87. Nathan Crick, On Fear and Longing: Gorgias and the Phobos and Eros of Visual Rhetoric. ARDN, 88-106 “Heracles at the Crossroads” and “A Defense of Palamedes” in P & P John Poulakos, “Terms for Sophistical Rhetoric,” in Takis Poulakos ed. Rethinking the History of Rhetoric: Multidisciplinary Essays on the Rhetorical Tradition (Boulder: Westview, 1993) in Eduard Zeller, Outlines of the History of Greek Philosophy, part 3.

5. M Feb 11 DRAMA: TRAGEDY--SOPHOCLES—ANTIGONE Vico, pp. 47-57. Read: Antigone Martha Nussbaum, The Fragility of Goodness: Luck and Ethics in Greek Tragedy and Philosophy Martha C. Nussbaum, “Compassion and Terror,” Daedalus, Questia.

M Feb 18 President’s Day No Class.

6. M Feb 25 PSYCHE: PLATO—PHAEDRUS Vico, pp. 58-68. Read: The Phaedrus Wayne Brockriede, Arguers as Lovers, Philosophy & Rhetoric 5:1 (1972); 1-11. Evan Blythin, ‘Arguers as Lovers’: A Critical Perspective. Philosophy and Rhetoric (1979): 176-186. Ekaterina V. Haskins and Gaines S. Hubbell, “Plato’s Phaedrus and the Ideology of Immersion, ARDN , 154-175.

7. M Mrc 4 GREEK HISTORIANS: HERODOTUS, JOSEPHUS THUCYDIDES Read the Milean Dialogue Vico, pp. 69-82. Paul F. Mustacchio. The Concept of Stasis in Greek Political Theory. Dissertation. NYU, 1972. Heath, Malcolm. The Substructure of Stasis-Theory from Hermagoras to Hermogenes. The Classical Quarterly 44:1 (1994): 114-129.

M Mrc 11 Spring Break

8. Mrc 18 THE BODILY ARTS: RHETORIC & ATHLETICS Vico, pp. 83-86. Debra Hawhee, Bodily Arts: Rhetoric and Athletics in Ancient Greece; Lynda Wash. The Rhetoric of Oracles. Rhetoric Society Quarterly 33:3 (2009).

9. Mrc 25 THE BODY OF THE ORATOR—DEMOSTHENES & PERICLESE Vico, pp. 87-106. Pericles, Funeral Oration James A Mackin, Schismogenesis and Community: Pericles’ Funeral Oration, QJS 77:3 (1991): 11029. 4

Demosthenes, On the Crown Antiphon, First Tetrology Lysias 1 Lysias 2 Plato’s Menexenus (as an alternative point of view) Edith Hamilton, Demosthenes D C Innis, Gorgias, Antiphon and Sophistopolis

10. Apr 1 RHETORIC GENRES AND AESTHETICS--ARISTOTLE Read the Rhetoric Book I and III Vico, pp. 107-135. Carolyn R. Miller, Genre in Ancient and Networked Media, ARDN, 176-204. James G. Backes. Aristotle’s Theory of Stasis in Forensic and Deliberative Speech in the Rhetoric. Communication Studies 12:1 (1961): 6-8. Jeanne Fahnestock and Marie J. Secor, Grounds for Argument: Stasis Theory and the Common and Special Topoi. In Argument in Transition. David Zarefsy, Malcolm Sillars and Jack Rhodes Ed, 135-45 SCA 1983. Select passages from Baumgarten’s Aesthetics.

11. Apr 8 HEALTH & MEDICINE, HIPPOCRATES AND GALEN Vico 147-156. Stephen Pender. Between Medicine and Rhetoric. Early Science and Medicine 10:1 (2005): 36-64. Lisa Keranen, The Hippocratic Oath as Epideictic Rhetoric: Reanimating Medicine’s Post for Its Future. Journal of Medical Humanities 22:1 (2001): 55-68. Adam David Roth, Reciprocal Influences between Rhetoric and Medicine in Ancient Greece. Dissertation 2008 65-125. Jacques Jouanna. Rhetoric and Medicine in Hippocratic Corpus. In Greek Medicine from Hippocrates to Galen. Chapter 3. Brill.

12. April 15 RHETORIC IN TOOTH AND CLAW, NATURE Vico, pp. 157-185 Aesop’s Fables: The Mule, The Three Tradesman, Hercules and Plutus, The Goddess of Fortune and the Man by the Well, The Rogue and the Oracle. Debra Hawhee, Rhetoric in Tooth and Claw: Animals Language and Sensation

13. April 22 ETHICS AND MORALS EUDAIMONIA STOIC & EPICUREAN Vico, pp. 191-208 Zeller, Section III, Post Aristotelianism: Stoic, Epicureans and Skeptics. Ned O’Gorman. Stoic Rhetoric: Prospects of a Problematic. Advances in the History of Rhetoric 13 (2011): 1-13. Dan Flory. Stoic Psychology, Classical Rhetoric, and Theories of Imagination in Western Philosophy. Philosophy and Rhetoric 29:2 (1996): 147-167. C. Joachim Classen. Poetry and Rhetoric in Lucretius. Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association 99 (1968): 77-118. 5 Ray Nadeau. Some Aristotelian and Stoic Influences on the Theory of Stases. Communication Monographs 26:$ (1959): 248-254. David Goodwin. Controversiae Meta-Asystatae and the New Rhetoric. Rhetoric Society Quarterly 19:3 (1989): 205-216.

14. April 29 PAN-NATIONALISM & MEDIA CONVERGENCE: ISOCRATES Edith Hamilton, Isocrates Rosa A. Eberly and Jeremy David Johson, Isocratean Tropos and Mediated Multiplicity. ARDN 132-153. ISOCRATES: “On Helen” “Antidosis” Ekatrina Haskins, “Orality, Literacy, and Isocrates’ Political Aesthetics,” in Dave Pruett, C. Jan Swearingen, Rhetoric, the Polis, and the Global Village: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1999.

EXTRA READING Impure Imaginations: The Rhetorical Humors of Digital Virology, Christopher J. Gilbert ARDN, 107-132. Poiesis, Genesis, Mimesis: Toward a Less Selfish Genealogy of Memes. Michele Kennerly and Damien Smith Pfister, ARDN 205-228.

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY The following topics are available. Others may be added. Each student should produce an initial annotated bibliography to be assembled by the mid-term. The articles or chapters should be assembled. A dozen are requested. The bibliography should include key pieces, with a paragraph explanation of their inclusion. The introduction to the bibliography should link the history of the concept to contemporary questions in communication.

1. Intercultural Horizons in the Classical Age. Rhetoric’s descent from magic, myth, storytelling and performance; 2. Greece and China on deep rhetoric (Aristotle and Mencius). 3. Architectonics, MAKING social theory and practice—Vico. 4. Hospitality and Post-War Culture—Epoch/the Odyssey. 5. Women in the tradition of the classics/The Hellen. 6. Rhetoric and the Human Psyche/Dialogue the Phaedrus. 7. Rhetoric, Play and Desire: The Symposium/Dialogue Plato. 8. Sports, the Body, and Immortality. 9. Between Divine and Animal Worlds. 10. Healing and Medicine. 11. Stasis and Empire. 12. Rhetorical Networks. 13. The Agora and the City. 14. Cosmology and geographies of travel. 15. Truth, Illusion and Aesthetics. 16. The transformation of suffering into purpose, sense, perception and making.

FINAL PROJECT The second annotated bibliography should take on a related but independent topic. The student is requested to explicate the concept and deploy it in a useful way of extending current research in 6 classical rhetoric or the project of extending classical rhetoric to contemporary teaching and communication making and critique. Additional topics include:

1. Classical understandings of life. 2. The equation of climatic zones with the models of reasonability or middle way. 3. Studies in well-being or virtuous spirals. 4. Comparisons of habit and hexis as means of doing things. 5. The word-deed relationship developed by Vico. 6. Slave society and automation. 7. The deployment of monuments to organize memory and the city. 8. Sculpture as a model of formal appreciation of order. 9. The use of classics in a mode of psychoanalysis, Freud, Jung, or Lacan. 10. The development of declamation and controversy as a response to the collapse of the Republic. 11. Comedy and laughter as rhetorical forms of resistance.

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