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Redalyc.Seven New Species of Allorhogas (Hymenoptera Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad ISSN: 1870-3453 [email protected] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México Martínez, Juan José; Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro Seven new species of Allorhogas (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) from Mexico Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, vol. 84, núm. 1, marzo, 2013, pp. 117-139 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Distrito Federal, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=42526150035 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 84: 117-139, 2013 DOI: 10.7550/rmb.31955 Seven new species of Allorhogas (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) from Mexico Siete especies nuevas de Allorhogas (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) de México Juan José Martínez1 and Alejandro Zaldívar-Riverón Colección Nacional de Insectos, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Apartado postal 70-233, 04510 México, D. F., Mexico. 1Current address: CONICET – División Entomología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, Avda. Ángel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR Buenos Aires, Argentina. [email protected] Abstract. Seven new Mexican species of the gall associated doryctine genus Allorhogas are described, illustrated and molecularly characterized: A. amuzgo sp. nov., A. coccolobae sp. nov., A. crassifemur sp. nov., A. jaliscoensis sp. nov., A. marshi sp. nov., A. parvus sp. nov., and A. scotti sp. nov. These new species were collected in tropical dry forests situated along the Pacific coast of Mexico in the states of Jalisco, Oaxaca and Guerrero. Allorhogas coccolobae was reared from leaf galls probably induced by an unidentified cecidomyiid (Diptera) on Coccoloba barbadensis Jacq., representing the first record of this genus on Polygonaceae galls. A key to the described Mexican species ofAllorhogas is provided. Key words: galls, Insecta, Mexico, taxonomy. Resumen. Se describen, ilustran y caracterizan molecularmente 7 especies nuevas del género gallícola Allorhogas (Braconidae: Doryctinae): A. amuzgo sp. nov., A. coccolobae sp. nov., A. crassifemur sp. nov., A. jaliscoensis sp. nov., A. marshi sp. nov., A. parvus sp. nov. y A. scotti sp. nov. Estas especies fueron recolectadas en bosques tropicales caducifolios de la costa del Pacífico mexicano en Jalisco, Oaxaca y Guerrero. Allorhogas coccolobae fue criada de agallas foliares en Coccoloba barbadensis Jacq., inducidas probablemente por un cecidómido (Diptera) no identificado, representando el primer registro de este género en agallas de Polygonaceae. Se presenta una clave para las especies de Allorhogas descritas para México. Palabras clave: agallas, Insecta, México, taxonomía. Introduction is essentially unknown (Gahan, 1912; Penteado-Dias and Carvalho, 2008). Allorhogas is a moderately diverse doryctine wasp To date, no Mexican specimens of Allorhogas have genus with 35 currently described and a large number been identified at species level. All available information of undescribed species (Marsh, 2002; Yu et al., 2005; for this country only consists of scattered records of Martínez et al., 2008, 2011; Penteado-Dias and Carvalho, unidentified specimens assigned to Allorhogas from 9 2008; Chavarría et al., 2009; Centrella and Shaw, 2010). different states: Guanajuato, Guerrero, Nuevo León, Members of this group are mainly distributed in the Oaxaca, Puebla, Quintana Roo, Sinaloa, Yucatan and Neotropical region, though 3 species were described from Tamaulipas (Delfín-González and León, 1997; Sánchez- North America and a fourth one, A. semitemporalis Fischer, García and López-Martínez, 2000; González-Hernández 1960, was described from Iraq. All Allorhogas species for et al., 2003; Coronado-Blanco, 2011). Recent collecting which biological information is available are associated trips conducted in tropical dry forests in the states of with plant galls. Some species are known to induce galls, Guerrero, Jalisco and Oaxaca allowed us to obtain a mainly in seed tissues of representatives of the plant number of specimens of Allorhogas, all of which belong families Fabaceae and Melastomataceae (Macedo et al., to undescribed species. 1998; Chavarría et al., 2009; Centrella and Shaw, 2010), Our aim is to describe 7 of these new species, which whereas others have been obtained from galls induced by we also characterize molecularly with the mitochondrial other insects, although their interaction with these inducers DNA sequence fragment belonging to the barcoding locus. We also provide a key to these first described species of Recibido: 22 mayo 2012; aceptado: 13 agosto 2012 Allorhogas from Mexico and give information about the 1168.indd 117 05/04/13 11:20 118 Martínez and Zaldívar-Riverón.- New Mexican Allorhogas biology of one of these species, which was reared from leaf deposited in GenBank (see below), and most of them are galls of a Polygonaceae plant species. also deposited in the project file “Parasitoid wasps from the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve” (ASDOR Materials and methods project), available in the projects section of the Barcode of Life Data System (www.boldsystem.org). All our studied specimens were collected during the Corrected genetic distances among the sequenced past 3 years and are housed at the Colección Nacional specimens and a neighbor joining (NJ) phenogram were de Insectos, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional obtained using the K2P distance model (Kimura, 1980) Autónoma de México, Mexico (CNIN), and the Museo with MEGA version 5 (Tamura et al., 2011). We included Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, in these analyses previously published COI sequences of Buenos Aires, Argentina (MACN). 2 species of Allorhogas from Argentina (A. joergenseni Photographs were taken and edited using a Leica® Martínez and Zaldívar-Riverón, 2008; GenBank accession Z16 APO-A stereoscopic microscope, a Leica® DFC295/ number EU871763) and Costa Rica (Allorhogas sp. DFC290 HD camera, and the Leica Application Suite® DQ498959). program. General morphological terminology follows Sharkey and Wharton (1997), except for the use of the term Descriptions “precoxal sulcus”, which replaces “sternaulus” according to Wharton (2006). Surface sculpture terminology follows Allorhogas Gahan Harris (1979), and wing veins are described according to Allorhogas Gahan, 1912: 3 (type species: A. gallicola Mason (1986). Abbreviations used in the descriptions are: Gahan, 1912). POL (posterior ocellar line, the minimum distance between Catolestes Brèthes 1922: 136 (synoymized by Marsh, lateral ocelli), OD (ocellar diameter, the maximum 1993; type species: C. argentinus Brèthes, 1922). diameter of lateral ocellus), OOL (ocular-ocellar line, Diagnosis. Small sized doryctines (1-4 mm), head distinctly the distance between the compound eye and the lateral to slightly transverse, frons excavated, usually with well ocellus). The term “metasomal tergite” refers to the defined lateral edges, vertex coriaceous, sometimes almost median metasomal tergites, no laterotergites are described smooth, never striate; occipital carina present and complete, since they bear no relevant features for the diagnoses. The meeting hypostomal carina; pronotal collar very short, areas of propodeum and first metasomal tergite used in the usually not visible in dorsal view; mesoscutum declivous descriptions are indicated in Figures 1, 2. anteriorly; notauli present, rarely obscured by sculpture, We also characterized molecularly the species described median lobe of mesoscutum ocassionally with a median in this work. For this, we generated DNA sequences of longitudinal sulcus; propodeum with 2 basal semicircular the barcoding region (658 bp of the cytochrome oxidase I or subtriangular areas, otherwise rugose areolate, rarely mitochondrial gene; Hebert et al., 2003) for most of the type with more or less defined areola; hindcoxa with distinct material belonging to our 7 described species, as well as for basoventral tooth or tubercule; hindfemur in many cases specimens of other 6 Mexican species of Allorhogas that sexually dimorphic, swollen in males; forewing with first were not described here since they were only represented submarginal cell closed by vein r-m; first subdiscal cell by singletons. Most of the DNA extraction, amplification open apically; m-cu from slightly antefurcal, to instertitial and DNA sequencing were carried out at the University of or postfurcal, thus vein (2RS+M)b present or absent; Guelph following the same laboratory protocols employed hindwing with vein M+CU subequal to 1M or slightly in Smith et al. (2009). DNA extraction and amplification shorter; cu-a present but sometimes spectral; m-cu straight of the barcoding region for the wasps reared from leaf or often slightly curved towards wing apex; males without galls (see below) were carried out at the Instituto de a stigma-like swelling on hindwing veins; metasoma not Biología, UNAM, following the same protocols employed petiolate, basal sternal plate about one fourth the length by Ceccarelli et al. (2012). Non-purified PCR products of of first metasomal tergite; first tergite generally with basal these samples were sent to the High-Throughput Genomics smooth area delimited by a transverse carina, often with Unit at the University of Washington (http://www.htseq.
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