• SOCIETY FOR CALIFORNIA ARCHAEOLOGY NEWSLETTER VOLUME 11 NO. 6 DECEMBER 1977
~!OMHU._TIONS OPEN FOR 1978 OFFICERS CALL FOR PAPERS FOR 1978 SCA MEETINGS
Please submit names of people you would like The Annual Meeting of the Society of California to see as SCA leaders for f978 to the Chairmen Archaeology will be held on March 16, 17 and 18, 1978, of the Nominations and Election Connnittee, at Yosemite National Park, Meetings will be at Ed Kandler and :CU1ss Kaldenberg, CuIT'J Village in the Park.
Since ballots will go out with the February Proposed symposia and individual paper proposals Newsletter, members are asked to send the name should be submitted by Januar.y 31, 1978, to Program and adress of nominees as soon as possible to Chairman David Fredrickson (Department of Anthropology, one of the Chairmen, Permission of the nominees Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA 94928). should be received first, and nominees IIIUst be Th!phasis this year will be on Regional Research, so SCA members at the time of the election. papers on this subject will be especially welcome. An abstract of approximately 100 words should be Ed Kandler can be reached at this address: included on the form enclosed with this Newsletter. Ed Kandler SPNED-EI, U.S. Corps of Engineers, 2if Main Street, San Francisco, CA 94105. LOCAL ARRA.i~GEMENTS INFORMATION FOR ANNUAL MEE'l'INGS Russ' address is 831 Barstow Road, Barstow, CA 92311 • Persons wishing to make reservations at Yosemite for the period of the Annual Meetings may make them for either the Curry Village location (where the meetings will be held but food is not available) or SCA INTERN CHOSEN at Yosemite Lodge (where food service is availab1e but meetings will not be held). Costs for hotel • The SCA Executive Board has selected Clyde E. rooms at the Lodge are 129.68 per person per day Kuhn as SCA Intern to work on developing a grant or $24.38 per person (with an additional S3 or 14 proposal for an SCA-related research design. The foI each additional person in a room). Charges for selection follows a search and screening program cabins with bath at Curry Village are 116.43 per conducted for the Society by the California person per night, or 19.54 per person without bath; Environmental Intern Program of San Francisco, these charges are good for up to 4 people, with in which a number of applicants were considered. each additional person charged an extra l3 or 14 Kuhn will develop a proposal or proposals for per night. Meetings will be held March 16 (Thurs.) submission to different foundations, to be ready through March 18 (Saturday), so those attending may by March 1, 1978, and involving an evaluation of want to arrive the preceding evening, March 15, problems within California archaeology and develop ment of a structure within the Society to deal with Reservations should be made by sending these problems. He will work in consultation with a reservation request (on a fonn_ supplied by Dave Fredrickson, as Northern California Vice the Park reservation office, if such a form is President, and will spend approximately two months included with your copy of this Newsletter), with in developing the grant proposal. (See minutes of the first nightts deposit, to the following address: October 22 Executive Board meeting for further details). lla.rbara Garcia Conference Reservation Dept. Yosemite National Park, CA 95389
NEMBERSHIP LIST FOR 1977 (Phone Area 209+373 4171). Camping facilities are frf course also available Please check the Membership List 1977 to see if at Yosemite National Park, and should not be too your name and address are listed correctly. The list difficult to ohtain since the meetings will be is complete through December 1, 1977. before Faster vacations. If t:>:"avel assistance is needed between Fresnfr A membership renewal form and envelope will go and Yosemite, you may contact Dudley Varner, Annual out to aJl members with the February issue of the Meeting Chairman, Department of Anthropology, Newslette:c, so that it can be returned with the ballot California State University, Fresno, 93710. for election of 1978 officers. If you wish to pay early, you may send your money to CSU, Fullerton-but Pre-registration infonnation will appear in it will be easier to deal wit'1 ballots and renewals the next Newsletter, and will be handled at CSU, • in February. Fresno. COSO HOT SPRINGS NOMINATION IN PERIL
Nomination of Caso Hot Springs, in the China Next News Lake Naval Weapons Center, to the National Register of Historic Places may not be accomplished because of opposition by the Navy, according to informed Deadline sources. Everyone who wishes to express interest in nomination of this important location should • write to:
Dr. William Murtagh, Keeper of" the Jan. 14 National Register Office of Archeology and Historic .Preservation U,S. Department of the Interior Washington, D.C. 20240 WORK AVAILABLE· ON WARM SPRINGS DAM PROJEX>T
Carbon copies should also be sent to the California The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, San Francisco State Historic Preservation Office in Sacramento. District, will be contracting for historical, ethno graphic, and archeological services in connection with the construction of Warm Springs Ilam-Lake Sonoma, Sonoma County, California. The project includes LOS ANGELES TIMES approximately 17,000 acres, with about 95 sites of 4/19/77 Part 2, pages 1-2 known cultural significance. Briefly, the work will 10/15/77 Part 2, page 14 entail: 1. Historical research, including strong com ponents of oral history and ethnohistory, to provide FORMS FOR SCA DIRECTORY OF CONSULTANTS mitigation-level and interpretive program documentation and materials on the settlement of the project area Included with this issue of the Newsletter are by non-Indian peoples, as well as a chronicle of application forms for persons or organizations settler-Indian contacts. Special emphasis shall be who wish to be included in the 1978 edition of the on the background of sites which have been deemed SCA Directory of Archaeological Consultants, and eligible for inclusion in the National Register of a list of minimum criteria which nmst be met for Historic Places, which includes the Skaggs Springs inclusion. A processing fee of $8.00 should be area. Coordination with and participation by local sent with the notarized application to James Rock, historical societies and archival repositories will Chairman of the Directory Committee: be emphasized.
James T, Bock 2. Ethnographic research among Cloverdale Pomo and • Klamath National Forest other Indians with ancestral relationships to the .1215 South Ma.in project area who were not contacted during initial Yreka, CA 96097 surveys. Facilitation of the establishment of an on-going working relationship between the Corps and Native Americans with affinities to the project area, SYMPOSIUM ON THE CALIFORNIA ISLANDS. Special attention will be paid to development of management programs for ethnobotanical resources of A "Multidisciplinary Symposium on the California the project, and formulation of plans for Indian- Islands", to be held at the Santa Barbara Museum of related interpretive programs. Natural History on February 27 through March 1, 1978, will include invited and contributed papers on a 3. The initial phase of archeological work will variety of scientific topics relating to the include the formulation of a research design for islands off the California and Baja California both prehistoric and historic archeological site coasts. A brochure describing· the meetings states: preservation and data recovery, and the accomplish ment of such work within the zones what will be "The puxposes of this gathering are to summarize affected by construction through Fiscal Year 1979. and advance our knowledge of the California Islands. Problems related to the inundation of archeological We are providing a forum for all those concerned with sites and data will be examined in depth, with island processes in general, and· with this unique petroglyph preservation and relocation being given fringing archipelago especially. Emphasis will be special consideration. Planning for interpretive on the life and earth sciences,·including the fields use of archeological sites and data will be initiated. of evolutionary biology, ecology, biogeography, paleontology, geology, marine science, and Further information may be obtained from Dr. anthropology," Richard N. Lerner, Anthropologist, Environmental Branch (Phone 415 556-6665). Parties who may want Michael Glassow, UC Santa Barbara, has been to be considered for all or portions of this work invited to speak on "Recent· Developments in Archeology" should file Standard Form 254, "Architect-Engineer on Monday evening, Feb. 27, at 8:00 P.M. Contributed and Related Services Questionnaire," with the: papers (15 minutes in length) will. be offered on Feb. 27 and 28. (Deadline for abstracts was December 1, Secretary, Selection Board unfortunately too early for the current Newsletter U,S, Army Corps of Engineers to get the word out in time). Registration fees 211 Main Street of $5 for students, $10 for professionals should be San Francisco, CA 94105 sent along with one's name, institution, address, and phone number, to the conference convenor: Dr. Dennis Copies of the form may be obtained, at no cost, M. Power, Director, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural from the same address. History, 2559 Puesta del Sol Road, Santa Barbara, CA 93105. Preregistration is urged strongly. RICHARD N. LERNER 8/29/77 • 2 AND CALTRANS AGREE ON I-15 ARTIFACTS primarily gatherers, rather than hunters, that they buried their dead in flexed position with "A disagreement between the Luiseno Indians and cherished possess1on:s, that tney were oy Yaleo Caltrans over what to do with Indian artifacts dis Indian:s (sic) of the San Dieguito culture and covered in the right-of-way of a proposed 2-mile disappeared about 2,000 years ago as the Luiseno section of Interstate 15 north of Escondido has been and Kumeyaay Indian cultures appeared in this area. resolved, according to Adria.ru:;, Giantu.rco, director of the transportation department. Leaders of the "Several of the scientists began makir.g inquiries Luiseno tribe have agreed to leave the artifacts in of the developer and at City Hall in an attempt to • place as long, as they are not disturbed by freeway halt the planned gradir.g. construction, Ms. Giantu.rco said. Bids on the pro ject, budgeted at $10.2 million, will be opened in "Reading said they were told by a supervisor in Los Angeles Dec. 15 and work is ex:pected to begin the environmental quality division of the city 30 to 45 days later, a Caltrans spokesman said. The Planning Department, and subsequently by a deputy four-lane freeway route is in northern San Diego city attorney, •that nothing could be done. 1 County." Area Posted: Reading said she returned to the site LOS ANGELES TIMES 10/25/77 Nov. 17 and was alanned to find the 35-acre property posted with !llal'lY 1no trespassing' signs and patroled by a guard.
SAN DiffiO SITE DElfEJ,OPMENT HEARll'lG SE!' "At this point, Daniel D. Whitney, an attorney as well as a professor of anthropology at San Diego "Plans to excavate two prehistoric Indian camps State University, became involved in the situation. discovered in Southeast San Diego's Chollas Canyon were being made last night while a legal battle' was "In an eleventh-hour effort to halt the bull looming over who has rights to archaeological digs dozers, Whitney, county archaeologist Ron May and destined :ior modern development. archaeologist Richard J. Kardash Jr. met Sunday night with Superior Court Judge Earl B. Gilliam at "At immediate issue was the fate of the two his home. rare archaeological discoveries, which scientists say were camps occupied by people of the so "Gilliam issued a, temporary restraining o:rder called ta, Jollan culture between 2,000 and a,ooo delaying the grading work and the next morning the years a.go. group headed by Ka:rdash filed suit to extend the order, subsequently granted, by Judge Alfred Lord. "The two sites, apparently rich in stone tools, were discovered Nov. 15 near Federal Boulevard and "Named as defendents in the action are the City 60th Street on private properrr about to be graded of San Diego, planning director James Goff, environ for housing construction. mental quality director James Gleason and the devel opment finn~ which has offices in Kearney Mesa • "The possible further significance ef the issue is th
"At each site :she found cutting, scraping and ''Yesterday, Whitney said he and the attorney for seed grinding tools of stone a.~d the shells of the developers, Robert Caplan, agreed to an arrange pecten:s and chiones, shellfish savored by early ment in which the company will permit the scientists Indians in the area. to investigate the two sites until a court hearing date on nee. 5 in return for allowing the firm to "Reading then learned that the Biddle-Carte~ proceed with grading of some 30 acres of land around Development Corp. was ~reparing to construct low the sites. income housing in the area and had already been issued.a grading permit. Still Under Study: Deputy City Attorneys Alan Sumption and .John Riess said they were still studying "'I found engineers setting stakes on my the case. second visit .to the site, 1 she recalled. 'They toln me they were bringing in a Caterpillar "A development fire official referred questions tractor '.;he next day and that major dirt removal to Caplan, who could not be reached ror comment." operations were set to start the following Monday (~~ov. 21).' (Instrumental in the e~forts noted above were Brian Mooney, who initiated the telephone network "On Nov. 16, Rearl:ibg led six other archaeclo which soon linked California Indian Leeal Services gists and anthropologists to the sites. They with Kardash and beean to get things moving; Lester concurred that the camps belonged to the La Jollan Marston of C.I.L.S.; ~nd Prnfessor/Atto!::!ey Dan culture. Whitney of S, D.S. U. Attorneys JY'iarston and \lhi tney have donated many hours of legal ~~sistance a:'lll ''Rer::arkably little is trmm about the La Jollan field labor a8 well). Indians, partly because few of their canps have been fcund. Scientists know that they were News story by CLIFF SFI'Tif, T'ne San :Jiepo • ~. 11/?4/77, paces B-1 and B-5 3 DESERT ADVISORY COMMI'I'I'EE MEE'l'InGS MENDOCINO MUST FOLLOW ENVIRONMENTAL GUIDELINES
The California Desert Conservation Area "Mendocino County must tighten its procedure for Advisory·Comm.ittee will be meeting in El Centro environmental impact reports (EIR) as a remtl t of • on December 8-10, to hear interim management last week's Superior Court decision on the Wuanita reports, discuss County Government and the Meadows subdivision. California Desert Plan, the proposed Mining Law of 1977, and talce a field trip to the Imperial "Judge Arthur B. Broaddus ruled that supervisors Dunes Geothermal Area. failed to follow guidelines of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) in approving the The next meeting following this will be in 14-lot rural subdivision in Rocktree Valley east san Diego on February 24-25, and the May 12-14 of Willits. meeting is scheduled for Bishop and nearby field locations. "The Mendocino County Superior Court judge will issue a writ of mandate overturning the supervisors' The Desert Plan Staff and the Desert Advisory June 28 decision. Committee are now located at 3610 Central Avenue, Suite 402, Riverside, CA 92506, and can be con "Neighbors in the Rocktree Valley-Hearst area tacted by writing the Director and Chairperson, filed the lawsuit, arguing that supervisors failed respectively, at that address. to consider environmental impacts of th.e project.
"Attorneys for the county said the board reviewed the EIR during its June 13 meeting. :But the county SCA SOLICITS MANUSCRIPTS FOR OCCASIONAL PAPERS did not include an archaeological survey of the site.
The Society for California Axchaeology is "Deputy district attorney Rick Henderson, repre soliciting papers on method arid theory in California senting the boa.rtl of supervisors, argued that archaeology for inclusion in its new publication opponents f~-;led to challe~~e the re~ort within 10 series. Emphasis of the series will be on new and days after it was adopted. different interpretations or explanations of existing "The judge said supervisors should not have okayed data and new methods of gathering and synthesizing a report with an 'admitted defect,• however. data. Papers should relate to California archaeology or prehistory, or be of interest to California "Broaddus ruled that supervisors delegated author archaeologists, but all papers containing new methods ity to the planning commission to review the report. or theories will be considered~ Papers containing well reasoned speculation are especially enco~ed, "He cited CEQ.A guidelines which identify super but purely descriptive papers are discou..""ag0d u.~less visors as the 1 lead agency• in EIR deliberations. they contain highly significant data which will 'The EIR cannot serve its infonnational function generate new and different interpretations. The unless it is reviewed and consid!?Z"i by the govern length of papers can vary, as can style, but all mental body which takes action having an effect upon papers must be concisely written and well thoueht the environment,• Broaddus said. out. mrto'rials, book reviews and short comments may also be submitted for consideration~ Manuscripts "He ruled in favor of the neighbors •••• 'l'hey may be submitted to: • earlier protested the subdivision, warning about poor roads in the area. Neighbors said the project GARY S. BRESCHINI, Editor would spoil the valley's rural character by doubling 379 Corral de Tierra the number of parcels there •••• Salinas, CA 93901 11/3/77 "Henderson told the board of supervisors this week they will have to certify all EIRs as legally sufficient, a task which was formerly left to the planning commission.
BEDROCK MORTAR MOVED TO ESCONDIDO MUSEUM "The deputy district attorney said he is not clear about Judge Broaddus• intB!cy:retation of the CEQA The San Diego Union for October 16, 1977, page B-8, guidelines. 'The key is what is meant by "reviewing carried a picture shoving two bulldozers pulling a and considering"• 1 he said. Henderson said he will bedrock milling feature through a dark soil, and two confer with the judge about EIR procedures •••• " construction men in hard hats. The caption beneath read: THE PRESS DEMOCRAT 9/28/77 page 12A "Heavy equipment operators tackle the job of moving an eight ton boulder--containing grinding holes useii by early day Indians to process acorns, nuts, and other hard foods into meal--from a field in Escondido SYMPOSIUM PAPERS SOUGHT FOR 1978 AAA MEETINGS to the city Historical Society's mini-museum in Grape Day Park. The move was made yesterday." Nancy Walter and Paul. Chace are organizing a symposium on Axchaeology in the Private Sector for It is to be hoped that this move will not be a the American Anthropological Association meetings p?eeedent for bulldozing operations on other bedrock in Los Angeles in November 1978. If you are milling. stations, whatever their destinations mi·€ht be. interested in presenting a paper on this topic, Efforts to preserve Such features in situ, and to test please respond to either Nancy (17048 Sunburst, the surrounding soil for pollen, bone, stone flakes Northridge, CA 91325) or Paul (1623 Kenora Drive, or artifacts would seem to be necessities for good Escondido, CA 92027), so that abstracts can be cultural resource management practices. submitted in time for the deadline. • 4 INFOfilll".ATION REQUESTED ON ARCHAEOLOGIST I ANTIQUITIES LAW RULED ILLEGAL NATIVE AMERICAN COOPERATION AND CONFLICT The following article is reprinted from the Ron May's article in the July 1977 issue of A,S,C,A. Newsletter for October 1977, page 3, the Newsletter, listing examples of cooperation Written by Denise Tessier, it orginally appeared between American Indians and archaeologists in in the Albuguerque Journal, August 16, 1977, the San Diego area, is on a subject of great pages A1-2, interest to me. Why do we see instances of both • cooperation and conflict between Indians and ''Misdemeanor charges against a man who archaeologists? We should be interest8d in allegedly excavated pottery pieces from a 900-year trying to answer this question, because we are, old Zuni ruin were dismissed Monday by a part-time after all, anthropologists, and because gaining federal magistrate in Albuquerque, who held the law understanding can't help but be a positive step protecting such ruins unconstitutional, U.S. towards future cooperation between these two Magistrate Peter Gallagher, while filling in for groups whose interests aren't always the same. U.S. Magistrate Robert McCoy, made the decision after a day of testimony in which two archaeological I have begun investigating this topic and experts testified that the pottery sherds removed hope to culminate it in the form of an M.A. dated back to 1100 A.D. thesis. Being a member of SCA, as well as its :Business Office manager, I am well aware that "Before Gallagher dismissed the charges, the Newsletter reaches a majority of archaeolo prosecutor Robert Collins warned that to strike gists and archaeology-interested people in the down the law as unconstitutional 'would exnose state, and is therefore an invaluable vehicle all national forests and national parks and their for seeking the kind of information I am after. ruins and monuments to wanton and irreversible If any of you can provide me with the details destitution at the hands of souvenir and commercial of any cases of either cooperation or conflict pottery hunters.' between archaeologists (yourself perhaps) and American Indian groups concerning a site, "Being tried was Scott Merritt Ca.mazine, 25, a artifacts, burials, etc., I would very much third-year Harvard medical student who works at the appreciate hearing from you. Please include Zuni public hospital, The charge was a misdemeanor the date, geographical location as well as offense under the U,S, Antiquities Act, which pro the Indian tribe involved, if possible. I hibits. excavating, injuring or destroying any would also appreciate any suggestions anyone historic or prehistoric ruin or monument or any may have for me. Please write to Susan Wright, 'object of antiquity• on government lands, Gallagher 2501 Wallace Avenue, Fullerton, CA 92631. dismissed the charge after Ca.mzine 1 s defense attorney, Thank you. Jay Hertz of Albuquerque, challenged the Antiquities Act as vague, saying reasonable persons might not be SUSAN WRIGHT 11/77 able to ascertain what a prehistoric ruin or object of antiquity is,
"Collins said he cannot appeal Gallagher's dismissal because evidence against Ca.mazine had already been introduced, bringing the case under the double jeopardy rule, He said, however, that the U,S, • Attorney's office 1 will continue to prosecute antiquities violations with vigor, wherever they occur, despite Gallagher's ruling,•
"Zuni rangers testified that they caught Camazine HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY READER NOW AVAILABLE at the site, and one of two children with Camazine testified that the man had taken pottery pieces from SCA Member Robert L. Schuyler, of the City the hole that had been dug, A hoe and two trowels College, City University of New York, has edited were introduced as the tools used by Ca.mazine, The a new source book on historic archaeology, which two archeological experts, Bruce Anderson and T. J, is now available at a reduced price to state Ferguson of Zuni Archeological Enterprise, testified archaeological society members. Entitled Historical that the site was highly unusual in that it was laid Archaeolog;y, A Guide to Substantive and Theoretical out by early Indians in an 1 X1 pattern, as opposed Contributions, it contains 35 articles from widely to the traditional 1 L1 or 1U1 patterns, They also scattered sources. These are grouped in 5 parts: said the hole appeared to have been dug directly over Emergence and Definition of a New Discipline; Sub an ancient ceremonial room, or kiva, fields of Historical Archaeology; Substantive Contri butions; Theoret.ical Positions; and Future Trends. "In June 1976, three commercial pottery hunters Articles include some of the classic and some less cited by forest rangers for excavating an unmarked well known studies, by such writers as J.C. Harrington, ruin near Mogollon in the Gila National Forest were Arthur Woodward, Joh.~ Cotter, Bernard Fontana, J.E. convicted under the Antiquities Act and sentenced by Rowe, James Deetz, Stanley South, Lewis Binford, Mark U.S. Magistrate John Darden to social service work Leone, I. N. Hume, Iain Walker, Clyde Dollar, James for a period of time, Darden had denied a similar Fitting, Oleg Grabar, K.J. Barton, D.B. Harden, defense plea of unconstitutionality and vagueness. Marley Bro,m, and Robert Schuyler. However, in a similar case in Arizona that resulted in conviction was appealed to the Ninth Circuit Court Orders for copies of the source book should be of Appeals, and the court ruled that the Antiquities sent to Baywood Publishing Co., Inc., 120 Marine St., Act is unconstitutional. That ruling does not apply Farmingdale, New York 11735, and to receive the in New Mexico, which is in the Tenth Circuit," discount should be accompanied by payment of $11.95. The books will be shipped by ~arch 1st, 1978. Reg-~lar DENISE TESSIER • price is $15.00 per copy. Albuquerque Journal, B/16/77 5 N!TIVE AMERICAN HERITAGE COMMISSION NEW NATIONAL RmISTER EFFORT
Victoria Roberts, Resource Coordinator on the "The Department of Parks and Recreation has staff of the Native American Heritage Commission, launched a comprehensive effort to identify spoke at the Oat. 22 Data-Sharing Meetings at Sonoma buildings, sites and districts of significance State College about the work of the commission and to California's Asian, Black, Chicano and Native • the role of archaeologists with respect to the American populations. Once identified, such commission. The commission, she said, is involved properties become eligible for the NatiotJal Register in cultural resource preservation when another state of Historic Places, and may qualify for tax breaks agency is inv'll.ved, or when state or federal money under the Tax Reform Act of 1976 and California's is involved. The commission has so far received Proposition 7. Those who can help identify more than 200 requests for assistance, from tribes, specific sites should contact Mickey Fearn, 128 agencies, etc. EIRs and EIS's which Ms. Roberts has Plaza. Street, Los Angeles, 90012, (213) 620-3342; reviewed have been , (with few exceptions) "totally or Roy Adger, P.O. Box 266, Palo Alto, 94302, inadequate," she stated. The major shortcomings (415) 322-6997 or 326-7706," involve failure to contact the local Indian community, failure to make a thorough literature CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL COURIER 7/77 search and check with the State Historic Preserva tion Office to see if a site is on the National register, and failure to discuss mitigation pro cedures (including comments from the local Native FOREST SERVICE COOPERATES TO PROTECT CERil>!ONIAL SITE American conmr.mity so that the commission will know wti.at they vant ~done with the site). On the latter Six Rivers National Forest and Klamath National point, she noted that because there are local Forest worked closely with the Orleans Karok Council differences in opinion and preferences, there in protecting a ceremonial site during the recent Hog cannot be any overall policy from the com.'llission Fire. The site, used by Karok deer hunters as a good on what is to be done with sites. luck site, is located in an isolated, road.less area. When it was threatened by the fire, it became necess The Colll!llission has decided to put off survey ary to extend a fire line throut;-TI the area. Before inYent~_ng &.9ld all :socially and religiously doing so1 the Orleans District Ranger of Six Rivers important sites in the state until next year, N.F. contacted the Orleans Karok Council and obtained because of the difficulties involved in identify their concurrence and advice on the construction of ing sites, which may lead to pot-hunting and the fire line. A "cat" line was constructed several desecration, It is concerned about the ever hundred yards downslope from the Rocks, while a foot increasi~ violation of burial sites; archaeolo trail which passes through the site w.s cl ea.red of gists must contact local Native .American people brush. The Chairperson of the Orleans Karok Council, as soon as they suspect that a burial is present, who visited the location during the fire, was and respect the wishes of these people about satisfied with the manner in which the Rocks site scientific study or immediate reburial. Artifacts was protected, and was grateful for the cooperation should also be reinterred if the local Native of the Forest Service. Severak Karok from Somes Jlar Americans wish it. i\.rchaeologists have to explain accompanied the rehabilitation crew which later to local people 'What they want to do, so that there visited the area and closed off the "cat" line in • will be understanding on both sides. several places to prohibit visitation. The site is still intact with no evidence of distu.rbance, and The Commission is making ready a Directory was used by Karok hunters within the past few weeks, including names and addresses of Indian people in California, which archaeologists should send for. JOE WINTER 10/14/77 A statewide list of organizations, listed by counties, should be ready by January. In March ... ~~ ...... ,_ . a Cultural Handbook should be available, including a sample EIR, procedures to be followed on different ... •. ~ . '/;/////J1/1111 4 I. '\~\'/~~\{ . . : levels of property ownership (private, city, county, ,'!:'!::;:: ,..., ,.., ::.::: state, or federal property) and cultural resoi=e management guidelines. MAJOR PALEOllTOLOGICAL DISCOVERY IN MONTANA Ms, Roberts requested help from SCA in monitoring archaeologists who claim to be cultural resoi=e "The skulls of a prehistoric bear and musk ox managers, and suggested that a list of archaeologists thought to be up 'to 13, 000 years old, have been found who are competent and can report back to Native in the deepest recesses of a cave on the slopes of American people would be useful. She also suggested the Continental Divide. Neither species was known that a committee of Native Americans, archaeologists, to have lived in Montana. The skulls were excavated SlIPO a.nd (??) offices should be established to by Wulliam Melton of the University of Montana review EIRs and monitor what is going on in the field. Geology Department from a cavern that has primitive Indian drawings at its opening. 'It will add to 'Hie Commission would be interested in receiving what we know of the very late Pleistocene era.,' information 'Which SCA members may have on CRM classes, Melton said. The bear skull, parts of it as brittle collections of relevant laws, and samples of good EIR.s. as cha=ed paper, was brought out of the cave only To send these, or to request publications of the after it was given several coats of shellac. Portions Native American Heritage Commission, notification of it shattered, but Melton is reconstructing them. The skulls might never have been .found had it not of time and place of their monthly meetins, or be _put on their mailing list, write to her at the following been for a year of drought in the Northwest. The address, or to Stephen M. Rios, Executive Secretary: water level dropped, disclosing a narrow tunnel coursing downward in an o.ften e:icplored cavern, then Native American Heritage Commission leadirJG u.pward to the chamber where the skulls were 1400 Tenth Street, Room 200 found." Sacramento, CA 95814 SAN FRAUCISCO SUNDAY EXAMINER AND CHRONICLE, 10/30/77 The telephone number is 916+~22-7791. • 6 NATIONW'IDE RESERVOIR INUN1lATION STUilY UNDERWAY Requests for copies of the above-mentioned reports or information relating to immdation The Southwest Cultural Resources Center of the impacts should be sent to National Reservoir National Park Service is the coordinating body for Irrundation Study, Southwest Cultural Resou.."'Ces Center, a multi-phase study designed to determine the P.O. Box 728, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501. effects of freshwater irrundation upon archeological sites. It is jointly funded by the U.S. Army Corps TONI CARRELL 11/77 of Engineers, Bureau of Reclamation, Soil Conserva tion Service and the National Park Service. The focus of the National Reservoir Irrundation Study is the examination of sites during periods of drawdown, • prior to inundation and while flooded, to assess the impacts on data-retrieval potential; the degree of ON C14 DATES AND CULTURAL RESOURCE MANAGEJo!ENT preservation or destruction of archeological remains; and the efficacy of salvage operations versus direct Roberta Greenwood's recent call for the protective measures. publication of C14 dates in the SCA Newsletter (October 1977) is excellent, since it would This program has been undertaken to provide allow archaeologists throughout the state to agencies involved in land-alteration activities with better appreciate the testing and mitigation procedures that will facilitate their land-managing efforts which are being carried out in a functions in areas where impoundments now exist or variety of locations. ~ne publication of C14 are currently being planned. Decisions relating to dates would also reaffirm our basic research cultural remains, whether they result in long-term commitment, and it-emphasizes the need for protection, mitigation of adverse impacts, or a well-controlled absolute dating in the ma.king combination of procedures mu.st be based upon of significance statements. Most government thoroughly documented and researched scientific agencies require absolute dating as a regular data, rather than upon educated guesses as to how part of testing programs, and many private sites are affected once they have been immersed. developers can easily be convinced of their usefulness if presented with well-reasoned The goal of the National Reservoir Inundation arguments. Even a limited testiI11< proRTalll Study is to develop management-oriented guidelines utilizing one to two test pits at_ a_ site for cultural resources, which will provide the with a budget of $1000 should involve C14 or additional information needed to deal intelligently obsidian hydration dating, since they increase with cultural remains affected by Federal projects, our ability to make accurate statements about or on Federal lands where the primary impacts will the importance and condition of the site. result or currently result from irrundation, and They can also result in important theoretical enable managers to remain in full compliance with and chronological advances. The following C14 extant environmental legislation. The results of dates were taken from six sites which were this study will also provide involved agencies and tested and one site which was salvaged in archeologists with a greater understanding of the Santa Clara County during the past year. resource and a set of alternatives to the question able techniques of traditional salvage archeology. Location rate (B.P.)
The Inundation Study has moved into its second 608 SCL 64 (test) Almaden V. 6590 + 200 year of operation and project archeologists have Valley (basal layer) recently completed the Preliminary Report of the 609 1840 + 100 National Reservoir Irrundation Study which details (next-to • the research design to be implemented over the next bottom layer) 3 years. The report outlines a series of testable 621 SCL 128 (salvage) Holiday Inn 1700 + 110 hypotheses, which are aimed at developing a body of site in (midden) knowledge regarding specific impacts, both adverse 622 San Jose 1350 + 110 and beneficial, upon the data-bearing components (midden) and physical integrity of archeological sites. 618 1300 + 100 Guidelines for data-collection and site-preparation, (buri'i°l) designed specifically to test inundation impacts, 620 635 ±. 100(oven) are included in this document. Information on pro 619 330 + 90 (oven) tective measures and general predictions on their 623 250 + 90 efficacy are also provided, although the emphasis (abalone shell) of the study thus far has been on determining the 551 SCL 224 (test) Upper Llagas 1575 + 100 nature of the impact--a necessary first step before Valley (midden) providing comprehensive mitigation procedures. 584 SCL 137 (test) Canoas Creek 980 + 100 San Jose (midden) The Inundation Study ersonnel have also com 552 SCL 246 (test) Upper Llaga.s 795 + 100 pleted an annotated bibliography which contains over Valley (midden) 250 references to freshwater inundation and related 537 SCL 52 (test) " 1111 " 630 + 100 topics. It is entitled, The Effects of Freshwater (midden) Inundation of Archeological Sites Through Reservoir 538 SCL 223 (test) " 380 + 100 Construction: A Literature Search. (midden)
Individuals in various areas of the country are JOE WINTER 11/16/77 currently involved in the on-going research and are implementing many of the field testing procedures outlined in the Preliminary Report. In the states NOTE FROM THE EDITOR CONCERNING C14 LISTINGS: of California, Oregon, Washington, Arizona and Idaho studies are either in progress or in the planning Please send in a short account of the context stages. Any information that is available regarding and importance of the dated materials when you send inundation impacts or on-going research being con in radiocarbon date listings, so that readers can ducted in reservoir areas, due to the current drought have a better idea of their meaning and significance • and drawdown or in preparation for initial closing, • would be a-,iprecfa.ted. MARCIA WIRE 7 A PROGRESS REPORT ON CALIFORNIA PARKS & PRESERVES $194 million. The 1977-78 program involves an additional $107 million. Cahill told the committee In late September, the Na.tu.re Conservancy that the bureaucratic maze is so complex that the announced its intention to purchase 90% of Santa state has trouble buying land for parks~even with Cruz Island, located off the coast of Santa legislative approval and the money. He was parti Jlarba.ra and well known for its exceptional cularly critical of being required to get the archaeological values. The Nature Conservancy approval of the State Public Works Board and said is a 60-year-old environmental group specializing the parks department, and not the state Department • in the acquisition of natural areas throutlh private of General Services, should buy park land {Los donations. Conservancy representatives indicated Angeles Times, (11/2/77). - that they had obtained an option to purchase after negotiations with the present owner. The Conser In July a bill expanding Redwood National vancy and· the present owner will jointly manage Park by 48,000 acres and giving the Secretary of the island, with complete title reverting to the Interior jurisdiction over logging outside the park Conservancy within 30 years. Federal purchase of was successfully steered out of the House Interior the island has also been proposed in a bill by Rep. Subcommittee on national parks. By October, how Anthony Beilenson (D-Cal) which would expand ever, the House bill had been stalled by labor Channel Islands National Monument and link it to lobbyists who had gone directly to the Speaker of a Santa Mor.ica MOUlltains National Seachore. The the House and asked that the bill be kept from Conservancy agreeniti'nt makes no provision for reaching the f1opr for a vote. Meanwhile, Sena tor eventual annexation into the National Park system Cranston (D-Cal) promised to push the Carte-r admin (Loa !ngeles Times, 9/30/77). istration1 s Redwood Park bill he sponsored in the Senate (Los !ngeles Times, 7/27/77 1 10/6/77). Meanwhile, the Santa Monica Mountains, after 20 years of promotion by conservationists and In October, "a program to review nearly 68 several government a.,gencies, have become one of million acres of national forest land for possible the hottest Federal park prospects in the country. inclusion in the government's national wilderness Passage of Beilenson•s proposal for a national system was announced in Albuquerque by Rupert park and seashore is predicted in some form by Culter, assistant agricultre secretary.. Culter Congress next year. In its present form, said previous "piecemeal" policies of designating Beilenson1 s bill would establish the Channel wilderness areas~which are kept free of activities Islands and Santa Monica Mountains National Park such as lumbering--have not been satisfactory. and Seashore. Al though no acreage figure is Culter promised that the public will be made "a specified in the bill, it has been estimated that full partner" in each step of the new selection process an_d recommendations on which areas should 30,000 to 40 1 000 acres would be acqnired on the ma.inland using $100 million authorized by the bill. be proposed for wilderness status and those which Another $50 million would be used to acquire Santa no longer sho-uld be considered will be made public Cruz and Santa Rosa Islands. The National Park by December, 1978." (Los A.ngeles Times, 10/6/77)." would also incorporate Malibu Creek, Topanga and Point Mugu state parks. With the combined federal CLYDE KUHN 11 /14/77 acquisitions and state parks, the total mainland 1978 FIELDWORK OPPORTUNITIES BIJLLJ?I'IN acreage could reach 70,000 acres. The 1978 Fieldwork Opportunities Bulletin of California Republican Congressmen Goldwater the Archaeological Institute of America will be • and Lagomarsino have introduced their own pro- available in January 1978. The Bulletin covers posal for a National Santa Monica Urban Park programs in the u.s. and abroad, includill€ oppor which would require matching funding by state tunities for volunteers, staff positions, field and local governments. The urban park would not schools and general information. Send orders be managed by the National Park Service but by a prepaid to Archaeological Institute of America, local park commission. With the Nature Conservancy's 260 West Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10013. action to acquire and preserve Santa Cruz island, Price: AIA members $1, non-members $3. some of the urgency for Federal protection of the Channel Islands has been removed, and that element For further information contact: of Beilenson•s bill which proposes an expansion of Federal ownership in the Channel Islands will ELIZAJJETH A. WHTTEF!EA.D 11/77 probably be eliminated. In fact, Congres'Sman ~neral Secretary, ilA Phillip llu.rton (D-Cal) has indicated that "the islands will have to be handled on a separate basis. TEX;HNIQUES OF ARC!IAEX)LOGICAL Ex:CAVATION BOOK The Santa Monica national park proposal faces a possible obstacle from the state of California, A new book by Philip Barker, University of however. While supporting the park concept, Birmingham, England, Techniques of Archaeolop;ical Resources secretary Huey Johnston has indicated Excavation (280 pp., 80 photos, $15.00 + 10"/o postage that the state my insist that compensation for and handling charges) is available from Universe state park lands included in the National Park Books, 381 Park Avenue South, New York, N.Y. 10016 must be made, either in cash or in the form of a at a discount over its listed price of 318.50. land trade. Johnston insists that such compensa tion woul.d result in additional parklands for The book gives a history of excavation methods southern Californians through further state from Pitt Rivers to the present, describes the acquisitions (Los A.ngeles Times, 10/6/77) stages and processes involved in excavation, including discussion of "horizontal" as well as With respect to the state park system, Russell "vertical" excavation methods, contrasts and Cahill testified October 31st before an Assembly similarities between "rescue anrr research parks committee which wanted to know what is ho excavation" and discusses site safety. The holding up a long list of park projects, some second half of the book "considers the meaning authorized as long ago as the 1960•s. In fact, of excavated evidence and its synthesis into a the legislative analyst's office said the depart history, however partial, of the site and the ment has a backlog of about 90 projects worth role of experimental archaeology." • 8 Legislation 1977 Ll'&ISLATIVE REPORT FOR THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL COMMUNITY
By DEAN GAUMER & CLYDE KUHN • The first part of the 1977-78 session of the California Legislature recessed at midnight on September 15th after approving, rejecting and indefinitely delaying action on a rrumber of el!V'ironmental quality, heritage preservation and archaeological bills.
Assembly Bills Southern Miwok and Clrukchansi Yokuts (Madera. County), a ceremonial site known as the Bear Tu.nee Property ~was sponsored by John Knox (D-11th District) significant to the Mai.du people (Lassen County), on December 6 to prohibit any state agency from and land adjacent to El Presidio de Santa Barba.re. permitting archaeological excavation of a Native State Historic Park, was passed and sent to .. the American burial ground abandoned for less than Senate on June 23, where it failed in Fina.nee two hundred years until the Legislature has acted Committee (although with the possibility of recon- upon a report of the Native American Heritage , sideration granted). Commission containing the findings of the Commission on Native American sacred places on The Assembly also considered a number of bills public lands, unless the bu:rial site will be relating to environmental qua.li ty. Some Of'tiioae disturbed by an authorized public works or public bills are noted below. utility project and the governing council of the Native Americans concerned gives its permission. ~was introduced by Richard Robinson (D-72nd After passage in the Assembly on Dec. 7, the bill District) on February 14 to pe:rmit a public agency was refe=ed to the Senate Governmental Organiza to make the finding that changes or alterations tion Committee where, after amendment, it failed necessary for carrying out a project for 'Which an in second hearing. EIR has been prepared are within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another agency, if that ~ncy AB 817 was introduced by Ba=y Keene (D-2nd Dist.) dete:rmines that another public agency could more and coauthored by Senator Behr, on March 8 to appropriately exercise jurisdiction. ':the bill delete the phrase "in a burial park" in the would also require, instead cf the finding t:ha.t definition of a grave; to make it a misdemeanor specific economic, social or other c'onsiderationa to dig, take, or ca=y away from any parcel of make unfeasible the mitigation measures or project public or private land, known or reasonably alternatives identified in the EIR, a finding that should be known to be a Native American Indian such considerations make the mitigation measures or bu.rial site any sea.rth, soil or stone without project alternatives which achieve substantially the the license of the owner or legal occupant; same objectives of the project, identi.fied in the prohibit such action in connection with artifacts EIR, not feasible. The bill additionally proposes • and human bone; and to increase the amount of fine to revise legislative findings a.nd declaration as to $5,000. After passage in the Assembly on June to when projects should be approved as proposed and 23, the bill was re-referred to the Senate Committee as to the purpose of EIRs and to extend the pro on Judicia.:rJ after amendment and third hearing on visions of existing law pertaining to the functioning August 25th. of a "responsible" agency as opposed to f'unctions as a "lead" agency. This bill was in.Resoo.:roes, AB 962, introduced by Vic Fazio (D-4th District) Land Use and Energy Committee at the time the on March 16, would appropriate funds for deposit Legislature recessed. in a Park, Open Space and Historical Lands and Facilities Loan Account for emergency loans to Speaker Leo McCarthy (D-18th District) carried cities, countires, regional park districts, and Governor Brown's "Dow Chemical" inspired ~ to recreation and park districts from the Department a 7Q-() vote approval in the last minute flurr,r of of Parks and Recreation for the acquisition of park, action prior to recess. AB 884 significantly open space, and historical lands and facilities. revises existing law governing CEQA review and After consideration and approval by the Committee authorization by public agencies of development on Water, Parks and Wildlife, the bill was re projects. The bill, among other things, specifically referred to the Ways and Means Committee where it defines "developinent project;" requires any public remained in suspense at the time of recess. agency that is the lead agency for a development p project to approve or deny such projects within one AB 1948, introduced by Victor Calvo (D-21st District), year from the date on which an application request would specify that nothing in the California Public ing approval has been received; establishes speci Records Act shall require the disclosure of records fied time limits for approval or disapproval of disclosing locations of significant archaeological development projects by any public agency 'Which is sites, as defined by regulations adopted by the a responsible agency, as fefined by CEQA; specifies State Historic Preservation Officer, except with that failure to act within the required time limits respect to "bon. fide" persons, groups, or institu shall be deemed approval of the development project; tions as determined by that office. After first requires each state agency by June 30, 1978, to reading on May 12, the bill was referred to the compile lists which shall specify in detail the Judiciary Committee. info:rma.tion which will be required from a:n:y appli cant for a development project; requires the Of.fice AB 1977, introduced on May 25 by Assemblymen Maddy 1 of Planning and Research to the maximum extent Hart, Kapiloff and Suitt with Senators Rains and feasible, tc consolidate hearings where a project
Stull as coauthors, was for an appropriation for requires approval by more than one agency; requires 1 the state park system, including the acquisition in the case of projects involving the issuance of • of Ahwa.h.~ee Roundhouse constructed by local a lease, permit, licenae, certificate, or other 9 • SCA NEWS
DISTRICT 06 BIBLI(X;RA.PHY AVAIL.ABLE reported on the status of the Geothermal Plant in Imperial County. It appears that there was no Dudley Varner reports that District 06 now has inventory of all cultural resources as per 36CFHBOO available a bibliography on EIRs completed, as of requirements. Clyde requested that SCA start to September 1, 1977. develop a policy to deal with all geothermal activities.
CORRECTION ON CLEARINGHOUSE SPLIT Nancy Walter reported on the status of the Encino Village site that Northridge Archaeological The editor erred in stating in the October Research Center had been working on with regard to 1977 Newsletter (page 11) that Charles Dills will compliance. The City of Loe Angeles and the be Clearinghouse Coordinator of the new SCA District developer are now in the process of putting the site 15 in San Luis Obispo County. Dills is the State up for bid and will comply with the wishes of NA.RC Regional Officer rather than coordinator. as well as the local Indian conmanity as a clari.fi cation of the extent of cultural resources is Robert Hoover will be Clearinghoiise Coordinator determined. for District 15. He has been serving with Michael Glassow to coordinate the combined San Luis Obispo Mendocino County needs to tietiten its EIR Santa :Barbara County district. Glassow continues procedures in order to follow CEQA go.idelines. In as Coordinator for the Santa Barbara clearinghouse. a recent case, the Board of Superrl.sors nr.bber- stamped an EIR.which did not include an archaeo logical survey of the site (See nevs etor;r).
Publications COlllD.ittee: Joe Winter reported SCA ElCE'.mTIVE BOARD MEm'ING MINUTES 3. that Gary Breschini is working on a series o.f October 21, 197?, Berkeley Cultural Resource Papers as well as a 'l'heoretical series. Paul Chace is de.ferring his report.for Present: Joe Winter, Paul Chace, Dave Fredrickson, publication until a later time. Nancy Walter, Clyde Kuhn, John Parker, Rob Jackson, Jay Flaherty, Linda King, Chester King, Steve 4. Directory: There was lengthy discussion Stoddard, Roger Werner, G. Fenenga. concerning the role of SOPA and a directory o.f archaeological consultants. Some members of the 1. Nominations/Elections -COlllJlli ttee: Russ Executive Board and others who were present felt • Kaldenberg from Southern California and Ed Kandler that SCA should phase out directory publication from Northern California are forming and working on as SOPA begins to expand and refine theirs. Others th.e Nominations/Elections Committee for 1978-1979 felt that SCA has an obligation to continue pub for SCA officers. lishing a listing of archaeologists a't'&ilable for consulting. While this matter renains to be con 2. Erw!ronmental Affairs Committee: Joe Winter tinued at some length, pla.DJi are under way for has received a letter of resignation from Paul what may be the last SCA Directory. A mailing is Hampson as committee chairman. Those who are being planned as well as notices in the Newsletter interested should contact the board as soon as asking for all who want to be in this next edition possible "Mrs. Shippentower told of the anguish ofher ":Ct is to be published and distributed only after people on hearing stories about how' some have' . receiving the approval of Paiute leaders. chipped a'Way the ancient carvings and carted them off to mount them in their homes, "Indians have suggested that the Paiutes patrol the prehistoric a.rt sites, that the Paiutes be all "The petroglyphs are no longer on Indian-owned allowed to run guided tours to the petroglyphs and land. They are on government land administered by that non-Indians be permitted into the area only the BLM. Two of the sites were recently enclosed when accompanied by Indians, by 5-foot-high wire fsnces. "It is too early to tell what the final outcome ''Mrs. Shlppentower is chairwoman of Ta Numuna will be." Anagoona--the Paiute :Burial Protection Society. LOS ANGELl!S TIMm 4/19/77 Part 2. pages 1-2 and 11/15/77, Part 2, page 14 soc(._01fORllA mffAEOlOGI §~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ • . RllHOli.lL EDITORS; San Die&>; Ron May, 6044 Estelle St., San Diego,92115 Los Apeles: Nancy P. \llalter, 17048 Sunbii.rst, The Society for California Archaeology, Inc. is a Northridge, CA 91325 non-profit scientific and educational organization ~: Russell L. Kai BY CLYDE KUHN A Meteorite as "Antiquity" In 1976 prospectors discovered a three foot by four foot iron meteorite weighing 6,070 AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL ODYSSEY IV: pounds in the Old Woman Mountains southeast of WITHER TEE ANTIQUITIES ACT? Cadiz, California. The meteorite is the second largest ever found in the United States. The Enforcement Problems prospectors filed a claim for the land on which the meteorite had landed and notified the Much attention has been directed in some circles Smithsonian Institution of the find. By June 18th toward "improving" the American Antiquities Act of of this year, the Smithsonian's curator of meteor 1906 (P,L, 59-209) in light of a court case in which ites was on hand as a Marine helicopter lifted the the act was overturned in appeal as "fatally vague." meteor out of the mountains for temporary display Other incidents have been cited as emphasizing the at the BI..~•s Riverside District Office prior to "present dangerous legal situation" with respect to transportation to the Smithsonian where it was to enforcing the act {see in particular pp. 15-17 of be "sliced up and studied." Federal authorities the Airlie House Report issued this year by the justified the expropriation, inte::astir"61Y enough, SAA). Mostly administrative cures have been sugges on the basis of the Antiquities Act, "passed to ted by Federal legal authorities in the form of prevent plunder of relics from government land" remedial language rul.emaking which would "define (apparently not all Federal offices read the NPS crucial terms in the Antiquities Act." How drastic .1.1.22.l newsletter). Meanwhile, the prospectors ally Federal authorities propose to "improve" the filed for a restraining order with U.S. District Antiquities Act is best demonstrated, however, by a Court to bar removal of the meteorite from southern new interpretation of the intent of the act. California until they had been compensated, By June 29th, however, the court declined to grant Interpretive Chanp;es the restraining order, upholding the government's assertion of entitlement to the meteor "as an The April 1977 issue of the National Park . American 'antiquity'". Service's Office of Archeology and Historic Preserva tion newsletter .1.!.22l features an article by Charles The meteorite, however, remained on display McKinney of the Interagency Archeological Services. rather than being immediately transported to the In this article McKinney suggests that the permitting Smithsonian, eventually ending up at the Los authority of the Antiquities Act was intended by Angeles County Museum of Natural History by the • Congress to apply only to archaeological resources end of July. By that time, State Attorney General or to paleontological specimens located within a Evelle Younger filed suit in Superior Court cultural context. This interpretation would invali invoking a state statute on unique natural resouxces date current administrative practice which require in an attempt to keep the meteorite in California paleontological field investigations to be ':"1b~e:ted rather than have it shipped to the Smithsonian. to Federal permit authorization and, more s1g:ru.f1- Although the Superior Court refused to grant a cantly, would remove protection of vertebrate paleon restraining order ba=ing removal because of tological fossil specimens located on Federally uncertainty over legal jurisdiction, a u.s. administered lands from the provisions of the act. District judge did issue a temporary restraining order on July 21st, acting on a request filed by According to McKinney, policy changes are in San Bernardino County. progress on the Federal level focusing upon the control of vertebrate paleontological field investi By September 7, California's Senator Cranston gations occurring under the authority of various announced that Interior Secretary Andrus had decided Federal land management agencies. The legal basis to grant custody of the meteorite to California, of any new regulation would be separate from the while the Federal government retained title. At the Antiquities Act, and the Bureau of Land Management same time the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural (BU!.) is envisioned as the lead agency responsible History and the San Bernardino County Museum were for developing a comprehensive collecting permit competing for custody. By mid-October, however, program for paleontological resources with the the "Old woma.n" meteorite was languishing in Federal assistance of the paleontological community. hands at the BLM 1s llarstow way Station, while the miners who had made the original discovery teasingly In spite of the intensity with which Federal announced the existence of a larger, 3-ton meteorite authorities have argued that the Antiquities Act named "Squaw Tom," "originally discovered in 1927 is unenforceable and in spite of how convincingly and only recently analyzed for authenticity." The they narrow the act's applicability to only prospectors said they were keeping the exact location cultural remains and paleontological remains in of the meteorite secret because of the ownership a cultu:ra.1 context, the recent case of the "Old controvery generated over the "Old Woman" meteor vomann meteorite has seriously eroded the credi (above information obtained from the Modesto Bee, bility of their reasoning and once again demon 6/17, 6/18/77; the San Francisco Sunday E::m.ininer strates Federal inconsistency in the application and Chronicle, 6/19/77; Los An8eles Times, 6/30, • and enf'orcement of cultural resource statutes and 7/~1, 7/22, 9/8 and 10/11/77; .and a BLM Riverside regulatio:os. District Uffice news release, n..d.). 14 Implications Because Federal land management agencies have been so timid in enforcing the act and inept in Does this ~lightly amusing and unquestionably prosecuting violations, the real effectiveness of curious tale have a moral? the law has never been demonstrated. This is undoubtedly one of the unvoiced principal reasons There is 1 first of all, no little irony in the why questions as to its protective scope and intent fact that the Smithsonian and BLM justified seizing are now being raised. In fact, fear of an unfavo:v • the meteorite under the Antiquities Act in order to able decision is one of the explicit reasons given prevent it from being sold for jewelry by the pros for not appealing the most serious adverse inter pectors, only so that it could be sliced up and pretations of the act to the Supreme Court. Instead studied for science. While the Antiquities Act of advocating more vigorous application of the a.ct clearly expresses a Federal intent to preserve in order to clarify its authority, a commitment American antiquities and to pe:rinit scientific has been made to maintain the current indeterminacy. study provided such study leads to an increase in Somehow it doesn't seem logical to preserve the knowledge and "pe:rinanent preservation," it does integrity of a law through failing to enforce i tl not express a blanket authority to procure or . condemn such antiquities in the interest of science, The "Old Woman" incident also demonstrates that which was clearly the case in the "Old Woman" situa the Antiquities Act can be used to justify the tion. It hardly seems consistent with the act, preservation of more than cultural remains and moreover, to conduct the recovery of "very important paleontological specimens located in a cultural scientific material" in order to preserve it from context, if it is convenient for the Federal unauthorized removal when in fact this material authorities to make such an interpretation. Federal was still located on Federally administered land and arguments about the legislative intent of the when the purpose of recovery was solely scientific Antiquities Act as applying only to "archeological study and not permanent preservation. Clearly, one resources and paleontological specimens in a cultural of the problems with the Antiquities Act would seem context," as expressed in McKinney's article, are to be abuse on the part of Federal authorities in 9retty vell demolished by the actiona cf th~ EI.~ its application! and the Smithsonian with respect to the meteorite, which by no stretch of the ima.gination can be One may also wonder if the Federal authorities classified as cultural in origin or a human anti bothered to demonstrate NEPA compliance prior to quity. Clearly, another of the problems vith the the removal of the meteorite. In other words, were Antiquities Act would seem to be the inconsistency the impacts of removing the meteorite from its of Federal authorities in its application! terrestrial resting place assessed? Didn't removal compromise its scientific integrity? As an aside, The latest Federal interpretation of the act, it is interesting to note that existing regulations as expressed in McKinney's article, can also be for the Antiquities Act specify that no pe:i:mit will criticized as too narrov. There are, in fact, be granted for the removal of any "ancient monument innumerable non-<:mltu:ral features and objects, or structure" which can be permanently preserved including vertebrate, invertebrate, pa.leobotanical in situ (and thereby remain an object of interest) remains, stratigraphic records, land.form remnants, under the control of the United States. geomorphologic a.:nd existing biogeographic features which ma.y not be in direct cultural association, Equally important, this incident demonstrates but which are nevertheless essential to underst&nding • that the Antiquities Act is quite enforceable, past human activity and are consequently important when enforcement is convenient for the Federal elements of the cultural past. While not derzying authorities. Federal attorneys would seem to have the need for new Federal legislation directed had no difficulty in successfully arguing for the specifically toward preserving vertebrate, inverte removal of the meteorite from southern California brate and botanical paleontological remains as well and establishing Federal ownership under the authori as other natural features of human interest, such ty of the Antiquities Act before a Federal court in as meteorites, for their own sake, as objects of spite of the doubtful applicability of the a.ct in scientific relevance to human a.ntiquity many such this case. In short, ample institutional support features would seem to be already protected under is forthcoming for the act when sufficient the encompassing language of the Antiquities Act. political pressure is applied at the appropriate level of the Federal establishment. Difficulties It would appear, therefore, that impending encountered in getting the a.ct enforced under changes in the application and enforce111ent of the normal situations can too often be attributed to Antiquities Act by Federal authorities are likely, the unwillingness, inability or timorousness of but may not altogether be the most appropriate local Federal authorities to carry through on resolution of Antiquities Act ambiguities. In legitimate complaints ma.de against artifact fa.ct, changing Federal posture toward the Antiquities collectors or other curio seekers who have been Act may be interpreted as a convenient political systematically plundering cultural resources on excuse for not enforcing a strict law in a meaning public land over the seventy-year life history of ful. manner and as ~n attempt to rationalize the the act. ineptitude and fa· ··re of 70 yea.rs o.f non-en:f'orce ment just as much as it can be interpreted as a In fact, Federal authorities often justify not response to inherent flaws in the la.rigua.ge of the taking action on such complaints with politically act. motivated rationalizations, the best known of CLYDE KIJllJ,l' 11/14/77 which must undoubtedly be those which suggest that a stronger case is needed, or that the judge may be an artifact collector and therefore unsympa thetic to enforcement and so nwhy risk compro mising the a.ct with an unfavorable decision?" The fa.ct; moreover, that taking action would (Upcoming, Part II of the Geothe:anal Interim Report, and an article on the new Federal Heritage upset the normal routine of the bureaucracy, a Administration) prospect repellent to administrators, is an • additional non-political deterrent to enforcement. 15 ORANGE COUNTY HIRES ARCHAEOLOGICAL PLAlrnER NEW RE:;IONAL AND ASSOCIATE NEWSLE';:'T'Ert EDITORS •Robert Sel;my III will start to work on Decem We would like to welcome several new ber 5th as Cultural and Scientific Resources Manager members to the SCA Newsletter staff: for Orange County. This position was created as a result of the joint proposal by PCAS (Pacific Coast Joan Hellen, Sacramento Valley Regional Editor .A:ixha.eological Society} and the Natural History P.O • .Box 453 Foundation of ()-range County for an archaeologist to Davis, CA 95616 review EIR's and to watch over sites endangered by • construction. After the position was approved by Wendy Van Du.sen, North Coast Regional Editor the County Supervisors, a task force was appointed 343 Keller Street, #4 to evaluate the cultural resources of the county Petaluma, CA 94952 and make appropriate recommendations to ensure their protection. Dr. Keith Dixon and Roger Dean Gaumer, Legislation Desautels served as archaeological advisors on P.O. Box 69 this task force, and Dr. John Cooper served as Davis, CA 95616 paleontological advisor. Members of the County Staff and individuals from the building industry Clyde Kuhn, Politics and Archaeology were also represented on the task force. The 2207 Carroll Street, Apt. 3 task force ~nerated a lengthy document which Oakland, CA 94606 included a proposed policy for handling these resources. The County Supervisors accepted the document for filing and established the policy. If SCA members or others have materials to One result of the policy was to unfreeze a submit which can be incorporated in the regional or topical columns of these new editors, please mail position of Planner III, which will now be occupied them directly to them at the addresses above. If, by Mr. Selway. on the other hand, you have articles, clippings, or other information which is lengthy, or is "Mr. Selway received his Master of Arts degree perh.3.ps an indi7iduz.l contributic~ which you would in History/Archaeology from the University of like to have appear as such, you may mail it directly California at Riverside and has worked at the to the Newsletter editor, Marcia Wire, Department of State Office of Historic Preservation in Sacra~ento. Anthropology, San Jose State Univ., San Jose 95192. "As a further result of the above-mentioned policy, the County has established an official list of certified archaeologists, who may work as "Principal Investigators" in the preparation of archaeological elements of EIR's for the County. At present, the list include9 M. Cottrell, Dr. D. Van Ro:rne, N. Whitney, C. Drover, Dr. G. Rice, :pr. G. Stickel, (DrJ R. Greenwood, c. Cameron, J. ~adlock, P. Chace~·R. Carrico, and Dr. P. Ezell. (Since this article was written, R. Desautels has been added to the list by the Planning Commission). A similar list of paleontologists has been approved. NEW PUBLICATION • "The or:l.ginal PCAS/NHF proposal also recommended . "Ghost Towns and Mining Camps: Selected Papers the hiring of a Mus.sum Curator in the Natural History is a new book from the Preservation Press of the fields, with particular concern for the archaeology National Trust for Historic Preservation. The book and paleontology of the County. The Supervisors focuses on methods of preserving a..~d interpreting approved this recommendation, but froze the position ghost towns through planning, legal tools such as until the task force on Cultural and Scientific historic district ordinances, and proper conserva Resources had completed their study and a policy tion techniques. Among the towns discussed is had been approved. Subsequent developments of various Eadie, which i'J.ouxished in 1859. Copies of this causes have further delayed the filling of this publication can be ordered at $4.00 from the position. Preservation .Bookshop, National Trust, 740-748 Jackson Place, N.W., Washir.gton, D.C. 20006." "A Museum Symposium was held last May under the sponsorship of the Orange County Historical CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL COURIER 7/77 Commission, the Natural History Foundation of Orange County, Archaeological Research, Inc., and PHILANTHROPE GIVES UP ON PEKING MAN the Museum of North Orange County. An 11-man task force was chosen by the 23 groups in attendance ."Bai_iker Ch~istopher Janus said [on October 27th) which, if approved by the County Supervisors, will he is withdrawing his $150 1 000 reward for informa address the needs for the establishment of a Museum t~on leading to the missing Peking }fan fossils after of Natural History for the County. Meanwhile, a his four-year search produced marriage offers death 5,000 square foot warehouse has been allocated as t~ats and chicken bones-but few leads. Ja.:ru.s a repository for fossils and artifacts from said the hunt cost him more than #200,000 and took within the County. PCAS has been delegated the him on search missions through faux continents responsilility, by the Natural History The fossils, thought to be at least 500 000 ye~rs Foundation, to appoint a qualified volunteer o~d and considered priceless by anthrop~logists, to serve as interim curator for the archaeo disappeared after US Marines took them into custody logical collections stored at the warehouse. ~ear Peking at the start of World War II. .Besides It appears that the position of Museum Curator informatio~ offered in response to his reward offer, originally approved by the County may be Janus received faux marriage proposals, several job broadened in scope. offers, three death threats, numerous requests for loans and an invitation to appear in a deodorant • LAURA LEE MITCHELL, in connnereial." Smoke Signa.ls, Pacific Coast Archaeological Society news SAN FRANCISCO SUNDAY EXAMINER letter, 1.2/77, page 3 AN1J CHRONICLE 10/23/77 16 MEMBERSHIP 1977 NOTICE: Use of this membership list for commercial or promotional • purposes is prohibited without prior written permission from the Society for California Archaeology, c/o Department of Anthropology, California State College, Fullerton, CA 92634. David Abrams Keith Ball Stanley R. Berryman Larry L. Bowles Cosumnes River College 155 Central Avenue 1336 Oakdale Ave. 12451 Vivienda 8401 Center Parkway San Francisco, CA 94117 El Cajon, CA 92021 Colton, CA 92324 Sacramento, CA 95823 Patty L. Baratti Virginia G. Bickford Michael V. Boynton Evan F. Acker 965 E. Cottage Grove Ave. 4841 Heil Ave., No. 40 Mendocino National Forest Dept. of Anthropology #17 Huntington Beach, CA 92649 420 E. Laurel St. Univ. of Nevada · Las Vegas, NV 89109 Willows, CA 95988 Las Vegas, NV 89109 Barbara J. Biggs James C. Bard 2098 N. Marter Ave. John Patrick Brady Margaret Adams 2399 Prospect St. #3 Simi Valley, CA 93065 P. 0. Box 1328 153 El Monte Berkeley, CA 94704 Twain Harte, CA 95383 Ventura, CA 93003 Patricia M. Bikai Leo Raoul Barker 4 Commodore Dr. Yvonne Lorraine Brady Paul V ....~ .. iellc 644 Clayton Street Emeryville, c ...~ .. 94608 1677 Spence SL 31650 Pitsch Canyon San Francisco, CA 94117 Simi, CA 93065 Malibu, CA 90265 Jeffrey C. Bingham Henry 0. Bass 5868 Pavo St. Joan E. Brandoff Paul Eugene Amaroli 1308 Mt. Ida Road Long Beach, CA 90808 2745 Las Encinas West 2810 Laguna Road Oroville, CA 95965 Santa Barbara, CA 93105 Santa Rosa, CA 95401 Jeanne D. Binning Stephen T. Bass 810 D Prescott Way Donald Branscomb Michael S. Anderson 2508 Diamond Court Riverside, CA 92507 P. 0. Box 1813 401 E. Mariposa Bakersfield, CA 93304 Clearlake Highlands, CA 95422 Redlands, CA 92373 Charles W. Black JoAnn M. Baxter 708 Mills Ave. Gary S. Breschini obert J. Anderson Box 1034 Modesto, CA 95350 37"9 Corral de Tierra 178 Foxworthy Ave. Weaverville, CA 96093 Salinas, CA 93901 • San Jose, CA 95124 Thomas Black Yolande S. Beard 475 Gravilla Street Christina Brewer Stephen B. Andrews 1275 Hudson Ave. La Jolla, CA 92037 1495 Regatta Rd. 2801 S. "H" St. , #30 P. 0. Box 16 Laguna Beach, CA 92 651 Bakersfield, CA 93304 St. Helena, CA 94574 Thomas C. Blackburn 527 Clark Ave. Frederick L. Briuer William C. Appleby William C. Beatty, Jr. Claremont, CA 91711 8439 Barnsley Ave. 1708 Gladys Ave. Dept. of Anthr apology Los Angeles, CA 90045 Long Beach, CA 90804 California State University Melinda K. Blade Fresno, CA 93710 466 "I" Avenue Sylvia M. Broadbent Michele C. Aubry Coronado, CA 92118 Dept. of Anthropology Roberta Becker University of California Dept. of Anthropology Ruth Blank 1032 West Norwich Riverside, CA 92502 University of California 255 S. Rengstorff Ave. #42 Fresno, CA 93705 Riverside, CA 92502 Mountain View, CA 94040 James P. Brock Robert S. Begole 1520 Ruth Lane Nicole Ann Bailey Dana Bleitz 722 North Pine St. Newport Beach, CA 92660 11133 Dell Ave. 707 W. Hellman Ave. Anaheim, CA 92805 Forestville, CA 95436 Alhambra, CA 91803 William H. Brock, Jr. Daniel A. Bell 20- l 7th Ave. , #2 Suzanne Baker Ann Bloch 2838 Claire Ct. Venice, CA 90291 1464 La Playa #105 7911 Maynard Ave. Sacramento, CA 95821 San Francisco, CA 94122 Canoga Park, CA 91304 Lee Brown Michael G. Baksh James A. Bennyhoff 13376 Hildegarde Bruce C. Bolinger 2571 Midvale Ave. 258 Collins St. , #2 1500 4th St., #15 Riverside, CA 92508 Los Angeles, CA 90064 San Francisco, CA 94118 Sacramento, CA 95814 Mary A. Brown Mary Alice Baldwin Vance G. Bente John C. Borcher 5437 Central Ave. 36 2 5 Curtis St. 1629 Veteran #6 1063 Dolores St. River side, CA 92504 San Diego, CA 92106 Los Angeles, CA 90024 San Francisco, CA 94110 Debby Bryan Barbara J. Balen Judy A. Berryman 2617 Garfield Ave. Deborah Marie Bowers Route 2, Box 559 1336 Oakdale Ave. Carmichael, CA 95608 5541 Newcastle Ave. #3 El Cajon, CA 92021 .onora, CA 95370 Encino, CA 91316 Charles Bull Matthew R. Clark Emma Lou Davis Guanda M. Dusette 3316 Adam, No. 19 Box 652 1236 Concord St. 1078 Via Los Padres San Diego, CA 92116 El Granada, CA 94018 San Diego, CA 92106 Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Colin Irnre Busby A. B. Clayton 4001 Fruitvale Ave. Dennis E. Davison Yvonne ~vf. Duvernet clo Environment Section 315 Wildwood Drive 17238 Chatsworth St. Oakland, CA 94602 Dept. of Transportation S. San Francisco, CA 94080 Granada Hills, CA 91344 P. 0, Box 1352 Constance Carner on Fresno, CA 93715 Donna Anne Day Ike Eastvold • 14602 Montevideo Dr. 6923 Owensmouth 541 Prospect Whittier, CA 90605 Michael P. Claytor Canoga Park, CA 91303 Highgrove, CA 92507 470 High St. Donald G. Campbell Auburn, CA 95603 Sandy Day 625 Everitt Memorial Hgwy. William Eckhardt 7902 Lake Andrita Ave. Mt. Shasta, CA 96067 1027 23rd Street Joy Clevenger San Diego, CA 92119 San Diego, CA 92102 2874 Westhaven Dr. R. J. Cantwell Anaheim, CA 92804 Roger J. Desautels 4315 W. Whitendale Bob Edberg 711 W. 17th St., A-9 Visalia, CA 93270 1125 Wilson Dr. Stanley E. Clewett Costa Mesa, CA 92627 Simi Valley, CA 93065 929 Hawley Rd. Anne M. Carlson Redding, CA 9600 1 D. Stephen Dibble 82 Beaver St. Mary Edgecomb 2002 #2 E. Fairway San Francisco, CA 94114 1209 W. St. Andrews Pl. C. William Clewlow, Jr. Orange, CA 92666 Santa Ana, CA 92707 Archaeological Survey Jack Carpenter University of California 5120 Prather A Linda E. Dick Robert L. Edwards Los Angeles, CA 90024 238 W. Swift Richmond, CA 94805 Department of Anthropolcg y Clovis, CA 93612 Cabrillo College Helen Clough Toni Carr ell 6500 Soquel Ave. 1400 Calcutta #125 Lee A. DiGregorio Aptos, CA 95003 c/o Natl. Park Service Bakersfield, CA 93307 P.-0. Box 728 2856 Westhaven Dr. Anaheim, CA 92804 Gail D. Egolf Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501 Donald E. Clutter, II Route 1, Box 84 19641 Roderick Lane Charles E. Dills MacDoel, CA 96058 Richard L. Carrico Huntington Beach, CA 92046 1371 Avalon St. 2562 Ridgeview Dr. San Luis Obispo, Ernestine S. Elster San Diego, CA 92105 CA 93401 Mandy Cole One Westwind 624 Poppy Ave. KE:ith A. Dixon Venice, CA 90291 Robert Cartier Corona Del Mar, CA 92625 De Anza College 2902 Angler Lane Los Alamitos, CA 90720 Rollin 0. Enfield Cupertino, CA 95014 Jack C. Collins Rt. 2, Box 150-A 5822 Meadowbrook Dr. Joseph E. Doctor Bishop, CA 93514 A.G. Caruso Huntington Beach, CA 92649 P. O. Box 33 817-C W. 4th Ave. Exeter, CA 93221 Suzanne J. Engl er Chico, CA 95926 Marilyn G. Colombo 4638 Saltillo St. 4714Adams Ave. • Alice E. Doidge Woodland Hills, CA 91364 Shirlee Ceniceros San Diego, CA 92115 1250 Cypress Ln. 110-1:/2 S. Salinas St. John T. Erp Lemoore, CA 93245 Santa Barbara, CA 93103 Julia G. Costello 1 720 Zinnia Lane 316-1/2 W. Micheltorena P. L. Doll San Jose, CA 95124 Paul G. Chace Santa Barbara, CA 93109 12531 Edieth 1823 Kenora Dr. William S. Evans, Jr. Escondido, CA 92027 Garden Grove, CA 92641 Steven Craig 628 Eleventh St. P. 0. Box 617 James Datta Manhattan Beach, CA 90266 Franklin G. Chapel, Jr. Goleta, CA 93017 ~~ 1 2470 Wyndham 9671 ' C" Vlestrninster 1v1ary Ellen Farley Garden Grove, CA 92644 Redding, CA 9600 1 Michael K. Crist 924 Kennedy Drive 1335 W. Harvard Ronald D. Douglas Capitola, CA 95010 David Chavez Fresno, CA 93705 457 Edgewood Ave. 5105 Tango Circle Micki Farley Mill Valley, CA 94941 Anaheim, CA 92805 Kevin Darvell 101 N. Jessica #118 10 1 Colgan Ave. Sp. 11 Meredith L. Dreiss Tucson, AZ 85710 Allan L. Childers Santa Rosa, CA 95404 1400 39thAve. #1 Box 507 Inverness, CA 94937 Nancy Farrell San Francisco, CA 94122 John Norman Datto P. 0. Box 305 USS Goldsborough DDG-20 Patricia J. Duff Forest Falls, CA 92339 Don D. Christensen FPO San Francisco f6(J 2568 Yale Place 9 1 49 Carl Costa Mesa, CA 92626 San Francisco, CA 94117 Glenn J. Farris Charles A. Davis 2500 Dana, Apt. 8 239 Pollasky Helene R. Dunbar Berkeley, CA 94704 Andrew L. Christenson Clovis, CA 93612 Dept. of Anthropology Interagency Archaeological Serv. National Park Service Gary R. Fink University of California *Marie G. Cottrell P. 0. Box 36063 4319 Copeland, #1 Los Angeles, CA 90024 2702 S. Rosewood San Francisco, CA 94102 San Diego, CA 92105 Santa Ana, CA 92707 • 18 . ------·---- Jay Flaherty Karen Glikman Lori L. Haney Jerald J. Holland 1817W. Fountain Way 45 Sunview Drive 15415 Starbuck P. 0. Box 1314 Fresno, CA 93705 San Francisco, CA 94131 Whittier, CA 90603 Quincy, CA 95971 Katherine S. Flynn Mary Gormly Melvin J. Hatley John Holson 104 Harbor Dr. 714 W. Washington St. 2204 - 52nd St. P. 0. Box 794 Novato, CA 94947 Alhambra, CA 91801 San Diego, CA 92105 Sausalito, CA 94965 • Trudy Haversat Robert L. Hoover Dr. John C. Ford Barbara Gorrell Miracosta College 2020 Tenth St. Route 1, Box 496 1144 Buchan St. 1 Baynard Dr. Berkeley, CA 94710 Pullman, Washington 99163 San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 Oceanside, CA 92054 Jane R. S. Gothold David Hearle Steven Horne Amy E. foster 10121 Pounds Ave. 1750 Sherry Lane #2 42 Aero Camino P. 0. Box 3768 Whittier, CA 90603 Santa Ana, CA 92701 Goleta, CA 93017 Chico, CA 95926 Roberta* S. Greenwood James Heid John W. Foster 725 Jacon Way 123 Kent Ave. #7 Jerry B. Howard 7921 Archer Pacific Palisades, CA90272 Kentfield, CA 94904 21931 Kiowa Lane Fair Oaks, CA 95628 Huntington Beach, CA 92646 David E. Griffin, Jr. J. Larry Heinzen David A. Fredrickson Department of Anthropology P. 0. Box 2286 Maj. David T. Howe 1940 Parker St. University of Missouri Santa Barbara, CA 93120 13695 Thunderbird Dr. Berkeley, CA 94704 Columbia, MO 65201 Riverside, CA 92508 Joan E. Hellen :t,,J'"ancy French Gordon L. Grosscup P. 0. Box 543 Sheila Hubbard 330 W. Sierra Ave. Department of Anthropology Davis, CA 95616 572 Eriar~.. vcod Cotati, CA 94928 Wayne State University Ventura, CA 93003 Detroit, Michigan 48202 Winfield Henn John Fritz Shasta-Trinity Natl. Forest D. Travis Hudson Department of Anthropology Karl Gurcke 6543 Holiday Dr. 622. Burtis St. State Univ. of New York Department of Anthropology Redding, CA 96001 Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Binghamton, NY 13901 University of Idaho Moscow, ID 83843 Sara L. Henninger Jack G. Hunter Dennis Gallegos 305 Bellevue Ave. 728 W. 37th St. 80 Highland Ave. Ted Gutman Redlands, CA 92373 San Pedro, CA 90731 Manhattan Beach, CA 90266 4101 Stansbury Ave. Sherman Oaks, CA 91423 Jennifer Ann Henson Ken Hutchison Richard Gangursky 1701 Jennings 14314 Burbank Blvd. # 111 7754 Aldea Arda Haenszel Madera, CA 93637 Van Nuys, CA 91401 • Van Nuys, CA 91401 1382-A Genevieve San Bernardino, CA 92405 Gregory H. Henton Rob Jackson Anne Ganley P. 0. Box 3083 10140 Torrance Ave. 1987 Radford Ave. Mary Carolyn E. Hale Chico, CA 95927 San Jose, CA 95127 Claremont, CA 91711 329 S. Pine St. Nevada City, CA 95959 Patricia A. Hicks Diane Jacobs Michael C. Gardner 3056 Forbes Ave. 196 Canyon Road P. 0. Box 800 Barbara Ann Hall Santa Clara, CA 95051 Newbery Park, CA 91320 Rosemead, CA 91770 1028 Wilmington Way Redwood City, CA 94062 Janet Hightower Ralph Jacobs Alan Garfinkel 742 Munevar 1147 Brown #102 675 Alvarado, #28 Dorothy H. Hall Cardiff, CA 92007 Fresno, CA 93704 Davis, CA 95616 521 W. Maryland, #1 Phoenix, AZ 85013 Dorothv J. Hill C. D. James III Gerald R. Gates P. 0. Box 3278 P. 0. Box 1266 7749 Reseda Blvd. #5 James E. Hall Chico, CA 95926 Quincy, CA 95971 Reseda, CA 91335 839 Carolina St. Imperial Beach, CA 92032 James D. Hill, III Kathleen A. James Bert A. Gerow 8647 Fiona Way 3014 Lazy Meadow Dr. Department of Anthropology Stephen R. Hammond Santee, CA 92071 Torrance, CA 90505 Stanford University 3425 Fairmont Blvd. Apt. 8 Stanford, CA 9430 5 River side, CA 92501 Katherine L. Hill Steve R. James 2608 3rd St. P. 0. Box 8763 Diane P. Gifford Robert P. Hampson Santa Monica, CA 90405 Salt Lake City, UT 84108 12.:'. Rincons, Apt. M 1203 Anzio St. Santa Cruz, CA 95060 Crescent City, CA 95531 John Hitchcock Garth S. Jeffers Box 864 6681 River side Dr. Michael A. Glassow Project City, CA 96079 Redding, CA 9600 1 Department of Anthropology University of California Robert Hitchcock Peter M. Jensen Santa Barbara, CA 93106 1115 Emerald Bay Dept. of Anthropology Laguna Beach, CA 92651 California State University • Chico, CA 95926 19 Beth A. Jersey Chester D. King Avelino M. Legaspi 2207 Carroll St. , Apt. 3 1089 Broadway Richard E. Markley Oakland, CA 94606 1415 Lexington Dr. #3 San Jose, CA 95125 Route 5, Box 239-B San Jose, CA 9 5 11 7 Chico, CA 95926 Patricia J ertber g Linda King A. Jane Lenker 250 Beal Ave. Susan N. Mart • Dept. of Anthropology 920 Ontario Placentia, CA 92670 West Valley College D-10 Koshland Way Escondido, CA 92025 Saratoga, CA 95070 Santa Cruz, CA 95064 Donald P. Jewell N. Nelson Leonard III 5816 Kenneth Ave. Mrs. 0. W. King Patricia Martz Star Route, Box 21 Fair Oaks, CA 95628 35 Teasdale St. No. 1 Songsparrow Forest Falls, CA 92339 Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 Irvine, CA 92 714 Darrell R. Johns Richard N. Lerner 7031 Sutter Ave. Jo Anne Kipps T. J. Maxwell 2335 Stuart St. Carmichael, CA 95608 2614 Dana 3268 Luther Ave. Berkeley, CA 94705 Berkeley, CA 94704 Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 Andrea Johns on 7631 Bothwell Leslie Lewis Ronald V. May Stephen N. Kischell 2115IStreet Reseda, CA 91335 P. 0. Box 846 6044 Estelle St. Sacramento, CA 95816 Laguna Beach, CA 92652 San Diego, CA 92115 Boma Johnson Vicki Lewis 650 N. Imperial Albert Knight Randy Mayers 397 Calle Montecito Brawley, CA 92227 6850 El Colegio Road 6022 Merriewood Dr. Oceanside, CA 92054 Goleta, CA 93017 Oakland, CA 94611 Keith L. Johnson Department of Anthropology Lavinia C. Knight Alexander J. Lindsay, Jr. Deborah Jean McCall California State University Museum of Northern Arizona P. 0. Box 1933 809 N. Richman Ave. Chico, CA 95926 Fullerton, CA 92632 Route 4, Box 720 Chico, CA. 95926 Flags tafi, AZ. 8600 1 Patricia H. Johnston Orton L. Knutson Ellen L. 1'.1.cCann Susan G. Lindstrom 8395 Bluff Road 2013 Fantero Ave. c Io Walter 129 Cement Hill Road Banning, CA 92220 Escondido, CA 92025 17048 Sunburst Nevada City, CA 95959 Northridge, CA 91325 Terry Jones Henry C. Koerper Pamela Loomis 131 Nevada St. 632 Chipwood St. Richard McCarty 2546 Davis Ave. Santa Cruz, CA 95060 Orange, CA 92669 4386 Escondido, Apt. 15 Carlsbad, CA 92008 Las Vegas, NV 89109 Marcia C. Jourdane Makoto Kowta Ann Loose 303 Moosehead Dr. Dept. of Anthropology Kevin G. McCormick Aptos, CA 95003 5745 Ives Pl. 800 E. 23rd St. California State University Riverside, CA 92506 Chico, CA 95926 Merced, CA 95340 Thomas G. Jourdane 303 Moosehead Dr. Robert Lopez Lucille McCown Jean F. Krase 267 Petit Aptos, CA 95003 2750 Bordeaux Ave. 1 725 Catalina Ave. Ventura, CA 93003 La Jolla, CA 92037 Seal Beach, CA 90740 Russell L. Kaldenberg 831 Barstow Road Christopher E. Love Elizabeth A. McCrary • George Kirtzman Barstow, CA 92311 264 Hokona Zia UNM 2825 Tilden Ave. 1350 Journey's End Dr. Albuquerque, N. M. 87131 La Canada, CA 91011 Los Angeles, CA 90064 Edward Kandler Joanne MacGregor-Hanifan 2626-3 Ashby Ave. Clyde E. Kuhn Charlotte A. McGowan 3030 Loma Linda Dr. Berkeley, CA 94705 2207 Carroll St. , Apt. 3 10101 Sierra Vista Ave. Bakersfield, CA 93305 Oakland, CA 94606 La Mesa, CA 92041 Suzanne Keitzer Michael E. Macko 1886 48th Ave. Osamo Kunemoto Allan J. Mcintyre 733 Elkus Walk No. 202 San Francisco, CA 94122 1205 S. Ivy 3310 Mosscreek Lane Goleta, CA 93017 Monrovia, CA 91016 San Jose, CA 95121 Lyle A. Kenney Drawer AN John L. Maddock Paul E. Langenwalter II Michael J. Mcintyre P.O. Box 293 Ventura, CA 93001 3364 Utah 18530 Nordhoff St. Orange, CA 92666 Riverside, CA 92502 Northridge, CA 91324 Timothy M. Keorns John P. Maguire 98 54 Shoshone Mara K. Larson Denise H. McLemore 15110 Talbot Dr. Northridge, CA 92025 454 Weldon Ave. 1119 Del Sol Pl. , A pt. A La Mirada, CA 90638 Oakland, CA 94610 Redding, CA 9600 1 Donna Mae Kerrigan Deedra A. Malies 2022 Sand Hill Road Thomas N. Layton Steven R. Mc Williams 2331 Newcastle Ave. Menlo Park, CA 94028 Dept. of Anthropology 72892 Gloriana Dr. Cardiff, CA 92007 California State College Palm Desert, CA 92260 Ann G. King 1000 E. Victoria St. 13128 Occidental Road James P. Manning Dominguez Hills, CA 90747 Dove Menkes Sebastropol, CA 95472 P. 0. Box 1865 2286 Loma Alta Drive Chico, CA 95927 Georgia Lee Fullerton, CA 92633 102 Calle Palo Colorado Santa Barbara, CA 93105 20 • Donald P. Miller Marin K. Murta Dr. Allan Pastron Dennis K. Quillen 1125 Woodside Rd. ucsc Dept. of Sociology/Anthro. 1620 Neal Dow #3 Berkeley, CA 94708 Box 64-6-381, Kresge Coll. Univ. of Santa Clara Chico, CA 95926 Santa Cruz, CA 95064 Santa Clara, CA 95053 Donald S. Miller James P. Quinn • U.S. Forest Service Dan Nelson Billy J. Peck 6516 Country Club - A 630 Sansome St. 2108 Mendota Way 3035 W. Mesa Rohnert Park, CA 94928 San Francisco, CA 94111 San Jose, CA 95122 Fresno, CA 93711 Jo Rainie George R. Miller Don Nelson Joel S. Peck 27475 Hesperian Blvd. #103 1404 Henry Street 1680 W. Tedmar, #38 2330 Malcolm Hayward; CA 94545 Berkeley, CA 94709 Anaheim, CA 92804 Los Angeles, CA 90064 John A. Rauschkolb II Kathleen Ann Miller Pamela Nesbet Robert L. Pence 821 Bayside Ct. 4400 Briggs Ave. 15450 Pepper Lane Dept. of Anthropology Novato, CA 94947 Montrose, CA 91020 Saratoga, CA 95070 Pierce College 6201 Winnetka Ave. Pam Reed Rick Minor Mary Frances Nissen Woodland Hills, CA 91364 661 E. San Carlos Department of Anthropology 1716 Arbutus St. Fresno, CA 93710 University of Oregon Anaheim, CA 92805 Lorann S. A. Pendleton Eugene, OR "97403 925 Katella St. Linda Anne Reynolds Richard H. Norwood Laguna Beach, CA 92651 2065 Greenwood Herbert L. Minshall 4158 Swift Ave. San Carlos, CA 94070 4409 New Hampshire St. San Diego, CA 92104 Michael W. Pendleton San Diego, CA 92116 5062 Englewood Dr. Belinda A. Rich Janis Offermann San Jose, CA 95129 9202 Sepulveda Blvd. #8 Laura Lee Mitchell 55 William Street Sepulveda, CA 91343 19522 Sierra Canon Cotati, CA 949za Rene K. Peron Irvine, CA 92664 331 Florence St. Nancy Ridgway William H. Olsen Sebastopol, CA 95472 465 N. June St. Margaret G, Molarsky 6225 Samoa Way Los Angeles, CA 90004 P. 0. Box 286 Carmichael, CA 95608 Robert Perry Ross, CA 94957 111-1/2 3rd Street Pete Edward Riley Rita Olson Seal Beach, CA 90740 137 N. Stanford, Apt. C Virginia Monk 20975 Valley Green Dr., #293 Fullerton, CA 92631 690 19th Ave. Cupertino, CA 95014 Linda Pfeiffer San Francisco, CA 94121 771 Juniper, F Sara Rinck Dennis H. O'Neil Goleta, CA 93017 458 Rustic Dr. Berta C. Moratto Archaeological Cert. Frog. Los Angeles, CA 90065 5373 Linda Lane Palomar College Arthur D. Pheland, Sr. Santa Rosa, CA 95404 San Marcos, CA 92069 649 Stewart St. Eric W. Ritter • Fort Bragg, CA 95437 1115 Le Conte Dr. Michael J. Moratto Thomas M. Origer Riverside, CA 92507 Depa.rtment of Anthropology 2855 Old Gravenstein Hwy. S. Christopher Pierce San Francisco State Univ. Sebastopol, CA 95472 20900 Comanche Tr. Larry D. Roberts San Francisco, CA 94132 Los Gatos, CA 95030 555 Vallombrosa Ave. Apt. 87 Robert I. Orlins Chico, CA 95926 Marge Morin 39 First St. James F. 2499 Royal Oak Woodland, CA 95695 721 W. Ave. Phyllis J. Robertson Escondido, CA 92027 Lancaster, CA 93534 114 E. San Gabriel, #1 Phil C. Orr San Clemente, CA 92672 Joseph W. Morris Western Speleological Inst. Michael R. Polk 147-A Venetian Rd. 797 Ashley Rd. P. 0. Box 215 L.A. Robinson Aptos, CA 95003 Santa Barbara, CA 93103 E. Lansing, MI 48823 Box 103 Big Creek, CA 93605 Madonna Moss Douglas Osborne Sala Ponnech Department of Anthropology 3442 Rowena Dr. 1316 W. Commonwealth Roger Robinson University of California Los Alamitos, CA 90720 Fullerton, CA 92633 4812 West Ave. #M-4 Santa Barbara, CA 93017 Quartz Hill, CA 93534 Milt Palmer Bonnie Duffy Poswell Lynne H. Mounday 2972 Calle Grande 825 Treehouse Lane James T. Roe'!<: 912-3 Acosta Plaza Las Vegas, NV 89121 Sacramento, CA 95825 418 S. Oregon St. Salinas, CA 93901 Yreka, CA 96097 Carolyn J. Panlaqui Martha Powers James F. Muche Route 2, Box 75 2405 Corning St., #15 George P. Rodgers P. 0. Box 8505 Ridgecrest, CA 93555 Los Angeles, CA 90034 27475 Hesperian, 103 San Marino, CA 91108 Hayward, CA 94545 Mary C. Paquin Adrian Praetzellis John L. Mulder 174 Arrow Lane P. 0. Box 131 William G. Roop 666 Loma Avenue Felton, CA 95018 Ely, Nevada 89301 37 Havenwood Road Long Beach, CA 90814 Novato, CA 94947 Marian Parks William E. Pritchard Jeanne Munoz 233 Morning Canyon Rd. P. 0. Box 1084 Paula E. Rosa 7159 Coralite St. Corona del Mar, CA 92625 Sacramento, CA 95805 1758 N. 9th .Long Beach, CA 90808 Laramie, Wyo. 82070 21 Martin D. Rosen Rae Schwaderer David R. Stuart P. 0. Box 5310 Timber Cove Donald R. Tuohy 3550 S. Harlan, #168 Santa Monica, CA 9040 5 Jenner, CA 95450 Curator of Anthropology Denver, Colo. 80235 Nevada State Museum Martin Rosenson Dr. Philip Seff Carson City, NV 89701 Virginia L. Stuemke 33144 Lake Garrison Joseph E. Bonadiman-Assoc. 601 E. Sycamore Fremont, CA 94536 1265 Kendall Drive Sharon F. Urban Orange, CA 92666 San Bernardino, CA 92407 Arizona State Museum Charles E. Rozaire Univ. of Arizona Gary Stumpf 900 W. Exposition Blvd. William D. Self Tucson, AZ 85721 Los Angeles, CA 90007 8258 Verbena • Box 422 Riverside, CA 92504 June Lake, CA 93529 Mark Vallier Mark Rudo 377-D Western Dr. Judy Suchey 225 Ewing Terrace Felicia G. Shinnamon Santa Cruz, CA 95060 San Francisco, CA 94118 134 Acacia Ave. Dept. of Anthropology Calif. State University Napa, CA 94558 Wendy E. Van Dusen Russell G. Ruhlen Fullerton, CA 92634 343 Keller St. #4 P. 0. Box 472 Karen L. Shirley Petaluma, CA 94952 Martha Sullenberger San Mateo, CA 94401 18024 Schoenborn, No. 4 500 Linden, Box 372 Northridge, CA 91324 Dudley M. Varner Leslie Rumph Riverside, CA 92507 5289 N. Fisher P.O. Box 3 Michael P. Simmons Fresno, C~ 9_3710 Elaine M. Sundahl El Verano, CA 95433 Department of Anthro. P. 0. Box 278 California State College Gary R. Varner Summit City, CA 96089 Mary Rusco San Bernardino, CA 92407 4034 Mira Verde Nevada State Museum Oceanside, CA 92054 Carol I. Sutton Carson City, NV 89701 Clay A. Singer 2823 Cherry St. 830-1/2 Bay St. Sheila J. Vaughan Berkeley, CA 94705 Michael P. Sampson Santa Monica, CA 90405 1514 Pacific P. 0. Box 488 Las Vegas, NV 89-104 Mark Q. Sutton Feather Falls, CA 95940 Charles R. Smith 42310 - 55th w 609 Santa Ray Av. William T. Venner Quartz Hill, CA 93534 Sharon Satterwhite Oakland, CA 94610 Box 215 4592 E. Sierra MadFe, Apt. B Baker, CA 92309 James D. Swenson Fresno, CA 93726 Gerald A. Smith Route 3, Box 633 2024 Orange Tree Lane Wendy Ann Waldron Thermal, CA 92274 Judi Sayler Redlands, CA 92373 13158 Pam Lane 70 Byxbee Lakeside, CA 92040 Marilyn K. Swift San Francisco, CA 94132 Helen C. Smith P. 0. Box 1625 260 Brentwood St. Nancy Peterson Walter Los Gatos, CA 95030 Robert A. Schiffman Costa Mesa, CA 92627 1 7048 Sunburst Department of Anthro. 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