9 HISTORIC PRESERVATION Historic preservation plays an important role in maintaining the community’s character and identity, and enhancing the quality of the built environment to ensure the community is an attractive and desirable place for residents and visitors. The Historic Preservation Element focuses on the protection of the historical and cultural resources in the Encanto Neighborhoods, and it supports educational opportunities and incentives to highlight, maintain, and preserve historic resources. City of Encanto Neighborhoods Community Plan

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GOALS 1. Preservation of significant historical resources. 2. Educational opportunities and incentives to highlight, maintain, and preserve historic resources.

Table 9-1: HISTORIC PRESERVATION TOPICS ALSO COVERED IN OTHER PLAN ELEMENTS ILITY B AN DESIGN B

HISTORIC PRESERVATION TOPIC AREAS LAND USE UR ECONOMIC PROSPERITY CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINA ARTS AND CULTURE Identification of historical and cultural X X resources Preservation of historical and cultural X X X X X resources

Many aspects of the Plan overlap with the Historic 9.1 Identification and Preservation Preservation Element. For example, Historic Preserva- of Historical Resources tion is closely correlated with the Land Use, Economic Prosperity, and Arts and Culture elements. Table 9-1 The Encanto Neighborhoods have rich historical re- shows some of the issues that may be covered in more sources representing human settlements that date hun- than one element in the Plan, including Conservation dreds of years into the past. The history of its people and Sustainability and Urban Design. and its physical form are closely connected, as docu- mented in the historical and cultural resource technical studies prepared for this Plan. Archaeology Study

In Southeastern San Diego and Encanto Neighbor- hoods, 32 cultural resources have been recorded. The 13 prehistoric resources include two temporary camps; two shell scatters; two shell and lithic scatters; one lithic scatter; one shell, lithic, and groundstone scatter; one

9-2 Historic Preservation January 2015 9 shell and lithic scatter with associated midden; one hab- that have not been developed should be surveyed prior itation site; the ethnographic village of Las Choyas; and to any ground- disturbing activities. In areas that have two isolated finds. The 18 historic resources include 13 been developed, ground-disturbing activities should be historic debris deposits, two historic foundations with monitored. associated features, two historic debris deposits with associated features, and one historic residence. One Historic Context multi-component site is also present, consisting of The Southeastern San Diego Historic Context State- two historic loci and two prehistoric loci. Numerous ment presents the history of the built environment in previously recorded and newly identified sites and/or Southeastern San Diego and Encanto Neighborhoods features have been observed in a buried context dur- from pre-history to 1967 in order to support and ing ground-disturbing construction and infrastructure guide identification and evaluation of historic proper- installation, or maintenance activities. ties throughout the neighborhood, as well as to inform future planning decisions. The Historic ContextState- There are substantial pockets of land that remain unde- ment identifies periods and themes significant in the veloped in Encanto Neighborhoods, located primarily historical development of Southeastern San Diego and in canyon areas and designated parks. The ethnographic Encanto Neighborhoods which include: village of Las Choyas has been identified archaeological- ly and ethnographically within the community and has • Pre-History and Early San Diego History (to been previously identified as an area of concern to the 1867) local Native American community. Water courses such as Chollas Creek, Imperial Creek, and South Chollas • Building Southeast San Diego (1868-1916) Creek were major transportation corridors and ecologi- −− Acquiring the Land: Early Subdivisions cal resources used during both prehistoric and historic −− Residential Development periods. Given these factors, these areas have a high lev- el of cultural sensitivity. Because cultural resources have −− Encanto: Suburban Farms also been observed during ground-disturbing activities −− Commercial Corridors throughout the community, and because the plan area −− Development of Social and Community is crossed by multiple high-potential water courses, the Services remainder of the community plan area is considered to have a moderate level of sensitivity for buried archaeo- −− Annexation logical resources. • Southeastern San Diego Expands (1917-1939) Participation of local Native American tribes is crucial −− Panama- Exposition and World to the protection of cultural resources. Native Ameri- War I can participation would be required for all levels of fu- −− The Automobile Arrives ture investigations in Encanto Neighborhoods. Areas 9-3 City of San Diego Encanto Neighborhoods Community Plan

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−− Ethnic Diversity and Migrations Mexican, and early American peoples. These remains are most likely to be found along Chollas Canyon and −− New Municipal Improvements other waterways, and many archaeological sites in the • Freeway Era (1940-1967) community have been documented. −− World War II Building Encanto (1868-1916) −− Suburbanization In contrast with the suburban development of the west- −− Freeway Construction ern portion of the Southeastern San Diego community, −− Education and Social Services Encanto and the South Chollas Valley (formerly part of Ex-Mission Rancho de San Diego de Alcalá, and not Pre-history and Early San Diego History (to 1867) part of the San Diego pueblo lands) were decidedly ru- The longest period of human settlement in the San ral in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Diego area includes Native American, Spanish, and Encanto was a self-sufficient town, connected to the Mexican habitation, and is the period with the least city by rail lines but isolated from the land specula- physical evidence remaining today. As early as 12,000 tion that characterized Southeastern San Diego. En- years ago, Southeastern San Diego and Encanto Neigh- canto was first platted in 1891, with ten-acre lots. In borhoods were primarily inhabited by the Kumeyaay 1907, the Richland Realty Company purchased 1,100 people (called Diegueños by the Spanish missionaries). acres in Encanto and re-platted it into one-half, five- The development of San Diego had its start with the and ten-acre lots, calling it Encanto Heights. The new Mexican land grants in the area, namely Pueblo Lands subdivision was the first suburban stop outside of San and Ex-Mission Rancho de San Diego de Alcalá. These Diego on the San Diego, Cuyamaca and Eastern Rail- would serve as the base for all future development in way line. It was advertised for “suburban homes and the community. American settlement of San Diego be- small farms,” ideal for fruit trees, chicken ranches, and gan in 1850 with the subdivision of “New San Diego,” gardening. By 1910 there were five additions to En- and was solidified in 1867 when Alonzo Horton pur- canto Heights: Rosemont, Sunny Slope, Highdale, Del chased 800 acres in and began Norte, and Empire Additions. Prices for one-half-acre selling the lots at his real estate office. San Diego city tracts ranged from $50 to $500, and the Company also leaders also tried to attract a railroad to further spur had a building department in connection with Encanto development in the city. Heights to build homes for new buyers. Map of San Diego from 1910, showing subdivisions and city limits prior to the annexation of Encanto, No known built resources exist from San Diego’s earli- By 1910, a commercial center had developed on Impe- which is shown on the far right (top). (San Diego Public est period within Encanto Neighborhoods. However, rial Avenue between 63rd and 65th streets. The town’s Library) Advertisement for Encanto Heights in 1910 sub-surface archaeological artifacts discovered from first post office was constructed in 1910, and several (bottom). (San Diego History Center Photo Archive) this period are likely to yield information about the feed stores, a general store, a bakery, a barber, and a life and culture of the early Native American, Spanish, pool hall were all listed in the 1911 City Directories. A

9-4 Historic Preservation January 2015 9 portion of this historic business district remains today The influence of the automobile resulted in new busi- on Imperial Avenue, although all the existing buildings nesses that catered to car owners. Garages and service from this early period have been considerably altered. stations sprang up along the main commercial corri- dors. In Encanto Neighborhoods, roadhouses, service The Pueblo Lands formed the boundary of the City of stations, and garages catered to automobile travelers on San Diego until the early twentieth century, when the Imperial Avenue, one of the main highways out to the city began annexing communities that had developed communities in eastern San Diego . Personal in the adjacent Ex-Mission San Diego lands. The En- automobile garages soon became a fixture of the new canto Neighborhoods area was incorporated into the auto-focused lifestyle in the community. city on April 1, 1916 because residents desired San Di- ego’s municipal water services. Beginning in the 1920s, ethnic enclaves began to form in Encanto Neighborhoods. This is attributed primar- Encanto Neighborhoods Expand (1917-1939) ily to the increased use of restrictive covenants in hous- Parts of the community had already been subdivided ing contracts in other neighborhoods of San Diego. during the real estate booms of the 1880s and the early Minority groups settled in Southeastern San Diego and 1900s. During the interwar period, construction in ex- Encanto Neighborhoods where such restrictions were isting subdivisions grew. A few new subdivisions were absent or were not enforced. Other factors likely in- recorded during this time. The automobile granted cluded proximity to jobs and social institutions such as more flexibility for developers and homeowners, allow- churches, desire for cultural familiarity amongst oth- ing areas farther from the city center to thrive with- ers of the same culture, and international events that out relying on public transportation. New subdivisions triggered large-scale population migrations across the in the 1920s included Las Alturas Extensions around country. 1925, which extended the original 1888 “Las Alturas During the 1920s and 1930s, the Japanese popula- Villas” subdivision south to Churchward Street. In ad- tion in San Diego was scattered throughout the city dition, Valencia Park was built in 1926 as a large sub- in locations such as Mission Valley and Pacific Beach, division with curvilinear streets at Imperial and Euclid as well as surrounding areas including Spring Valley, avenues. Valencia Park was better-advertised than some Chula Vista and Otay Mesa. The Japanese population of the other areas and had a large sign with free-stand- in San Diego was estimated at approximately 1,000 in ing letters to encourage buyers. 1937. During this time they were primarily engaged The street grid expanded to keep pace with these new in farming and fishing. Encanto was still a rural sub- suburban tracts. Broadway was extended into Encanto urb, and attracted an enclave of Japanese farmers who Suburban farms in Encanto Neighborhoods in 1915 Neighborhoods in 1927, Market Street was extended cultivated the rolling hills. The Japanese community (top, San Diego History Center Photo Archive). Produce generally raised flowers and grew vegetables, namely as- shipping label (middle, courtesy Robert P. Ito). The new beyond Mt. Hope Cemetery and paved in 1928, and subdivision of Valencia Park (bottom) was built in the paragus, white celery, tomatoes, beets, and carrots. The Imperial Avenue became a major thoroughfare. 1920s. (San Diego History Center Photo Archive) Japanese families that settled in Southeastern San Di- 9-5 City of San Diego Encanto Neighborhoods Community Plan

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ego were forced to move to internment camps during Freeway Era (1940-1967) World War II. Following the war, most who had owned The postwar era saw the rapid expansion of San Diego: agricultural land did no, or could not, return to their over 2,500 new subdivisions were recorded citywide be- properties and resettled elsewhere. tween 1940 and 1967, including several in Encanto In response to growth, new municipal improvements Neighborhoods. In 1940, a dairy at 65th and Wunder- were undertaken. Ocean View School was constructed lin streets was asked to leave because it was in the middle between 1920 and 1940 on 47th Street. In addition, of a built-up area. The city acquired the property, which older schools were remodeled or replaced, including is now the Encanto Recreation Center. Many developers the Encanto and Chollas Schools. All buildings were constructed speculative housing in their new subdivisions, demolished and replaced with modern schools after typically using identical models with a few floor plan vari- World War II. Holy Cross Cemetery was opened by the ations. Emerald Hills Estates is the best example of this Catholic Diocese in 1919, on 40 acres of land north of type of housing tract constructed during the postwar pe- Hilltop Drive between 44th and 46th streets. The blue- riod in Encanto Neighborhoods. domed mausoleum was originally constructed circa Restrictive zoning and discriminatory covenants in other 1920s, and is now very prominently located adjacent parts of the city reinforced the segregated living conditions to Highway 94. that had begun in the 1920s, and Southeastern San Di-

Settlement in the Chollas Valley in 1944 (left) and 1953 (right). The shaded areas are completely urbanized, showing the growth during this period. 9-6 Historic Preservation January 2015 9 ego became home to a majority of San Diego’s poor and As the population in Southern California continued to non-white residents during the postwar era. Many Afri- expand after World War II, increasing traffic congestion can-Americans moved to Encanto and Valencia Park from led city engineers to create a new transportation system Logan Heights in the 1950s and 1960s, taking advantage to move large volumes of cars quickly without having to of the first opportunity they had to own homes. pass through congested business districts. In San Diego, master planning for the new freeways began in the early In the postwar era, “car culture” pervaded Southern 1950s, and Encanto Neighborhoods were heavily affected California, and commercial development catered to the by these plans. Large swaths of the community were razed increasing number of car owners. New property types to make way for the six and eight-lane freeways, effectively such car washes, drive-in restaurants, and drive-in movie eliminating the once-fluid edges of the neighborhood. theatres were built, and new avant-garde roadside archi- The freeways not only demolished some of the area’s old- tectural styles were developed to catch the eye of drivers. est buildings, but also displaced families and businesses. For example, the Johnson Wilshire Gas Station at 4689 Market Street (HRB site #954), built in 1962, embodies Homes were built so quickly during the postwar period the futurist Googie style with a canopy pierced by three that schools struggled to keep up with the demand of the diagonal metal supports, much like car wash designs of “baby boom.” Many schools were first opened in portable the period. buildings, and were replaced later with more permanent

Aerial view of Emerald Hills Subdivision shortly after construction, 1957 (left). (San Diego History Center Photo Archive). Aerial view over Euclid Avenue and Highway 94,1958 (right) (San Diego History Center Photo Archive). 9-7 City of San Diego Encanto Neighborhoods Community Plan

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construction. Unlike schools from previous periods, these Street (HRB site #954). The Edwin Capps residence was postwar schools still exist and in good condition today. constructed between 1911 and 1917 by Edwin Capps, Schools from this period include Valencia Park Elemen- a two time City Engineer (1893-1899 and 1909-1911), tary School (1951); Gompers Junior High School (1955); City Harbor Engineer (1912-1915), and two time May- Johnson Elementary School (1957); Knox Middle School or of the City (1899-1901 and 1915-1917). Mr. Capps (1957); Horton Elementary School (1958); and O’Farrell oversaw the establishment of Old City Hall at 5th Av- Middle School (1959). In addition to the new schools, ex- enue and “G” Streets in 1899. He designed the Spruce isting schools were remodeled and expanded. Schools that Street Suspension Bridge and the City Jail on 2nd Av- still retain their Mid-Century Modern designs from this enue. He also was responsible for the Harbor Improve- period include Chollas/Mead Elementary and Encanto ment Plan which dredged the harbor, erected a seawall Elementary. and the Broadway pier, and generally transformed the harbor into a modern and functional asset of the city. Designated Historical Resources Mr. Capps served as the Mayor and official host during Encanto Neighborhoods contain two properties listed the 1915-16 Panama-California Exposition and was an in the San Diego Register of Historical Resources: the early proponent for the preservation of Torrey Pines as a Edwin Capps Residence Site, 910 60th Street (HRB site public park and an earnest worker for improvement of #248) and Johnson’s Wilshire Gas Station, 4689 Market .

Johnson’s Wilshire Gas Station on Market Street, built in 1962, retains distinctive characteristics of Googie architecture and is listed on the City’s Register of Historical Resources. 9-8 Historic Preservation

January 2015 Fig 2.7: Historic Structures Figure 9-1: HISTORIC RESOURCES 9

CITY HEIGHTS

CHARLENE AV LEMON GREATER GROVE NORTH PARK 15 MALLARD ST ALCEDO ST BLUEBIRD ST PARADISE ST

EASTERN AREA MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. FWY

I-805 FEDERAL BL ORIOLE ST

SWAN ST

SPRINGFIELD ST MULBERRY ST

WINNETT ST REPUBLIC ST

ZELLER ST CHAUMONT DR TOOLEY ST KLAUBER AV BALLINA DR

SPRINGFIELD ST PLOVER ST

RADIO DR

HILGER ST

60TH ST

UPLAND ST

CITY HEIGHTS ZIRCON ST EIDER ST GIBSON ST

BURIAN ST

94 94 LUBER ST BITTERN ST LENOX DR MADERA ST Holy Cross WEAVER ST

46TH ST WREN ST Cemetery C ST GENEVA AV

57TH ST EVELYN ST

56TH ST

44TH ST ST BEVERLY Edwin Capps BROADWAY

51ST ST

47TH ST Residence Site HILLTOP DR WINSTON DR CAROLINA LN

ELWOOD AV

HANOVER ST WUNDERLIN AV KELTON RD WUNDERLIN AV

F ST LISE AV ALVIN ST

DASSCO ST

48TH ST

DUVAL ST

49TH ST

69TH ST

EUCLID AV ESCUELA ST BROOKLYN AV BROOKLYN AV SOUTHEASTERN ROSWELL ST SAN DIEGO G ST

65TH ST 45TH ST

COTTON ST

68TH ST 59TH ST MARKET ST 67TH ST

63RD ST

60TH ST

64TH ST GUYMON ST KENWOOD ST STORK ST

61ST ST

62ND ST FERGUS ST

Johnson's Wilshire MERLIN DR MARKET ST IMPERIAL AV Gas Station

66TH ST MADRONE AV NARANJA ST THRUSH ST GROVELAND DR 63RD ST IMPERIAL AV S.D. 53RD ST SULLIVAN AV County NOGAL ST SANTA MARGARITA ST

TREEWOOD ST BENSON AV SWEETWOOD ST

50TH ST ELK ST

49TH ST DREAM ST IMPERIAL AVE CHURCHWARD ST

VALENCIA PY MANZANARES WY S SAN JACINTO DR CIELO DR LATIMER ST HENSON ST TRINIDAD WY FRANKLIN AV EDMONDS ST

S 58TH ST

PATTEN ST Locally Designated Historic Structures SKYLINE DR SANTA MARIA TR DULUTH AV OCEAN VIEW BL SAN MATEO DR ALDERLEY ST AGUA VISTA WY

Trolley Stops LAS FLORESTR

S 65TH ST

O MEARA ST

MANOMET ST LEGHORN AV

GLORIA ST JACOB DEKEMA FWY OLVERA AV

S 61ST ST

Trolley Line S EUCLID AV LA PAZ DR

Existing Parks & Open Space S VALENCIA PY PITTSBURGH AV S 66TH ST SOUTHEASTERN LOGAN AV

SANCemetery DIEGO VARNEY DR CAREFREE DR CAREFREE COBAN ST BONITA DR PALIN ST Encanto Neighborhoods Community THEODORE DR DIVISION ST

Plan Boundary S 47TH ST

OAKHURST DR SOLOLA AV ALTA VISTA AV DAISY AV Areas Outside City of San Diego AVAST

S 49TH ST PELUSA ST DIVISION ST

Note: The Fifth Amendment to the Central AV LORENZ GREYCOURT AV I-805 PLAZA BL Imperial EIR surrounded the Redevelopment MAGNUS WY Area for potential historic resources in 2006, NATIONAL but much of the Encanto Planning Area has CITY GREWIA ST 0 1/4 1/2 not been closely surveyed. ST EBBS MARIPOSA PL MILES 06/16/2014

VESTA ST 9-9 City of San Diego Encanto Neighborhoods Community Plan

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Johnson’s Wilshire Gas Station was constructed begin- portant to note that while the context statement identi- ning in 1957. In 1962, the Googie style canopy was con- fies key historical themes that shaped development in structed after the Wilshire Oil Company standardized Southeastern San Diego and Encanto Neighborhoods, the design of its pumping areas using “futuristic” design it is not a comprehensive history of the city, nor is it a in the early 1960’s. The canopy measures 76 feet wide definitive listing of all the neighborhood’s significant by 26 feet deep and covers three rows of fueling pumps resources. Instead, it provides a general discussion of on raised concrete pads. The canopy itself is flat roofed the overarching forces that created the built environ- and tilts slightly down to the west. Constructed of wood ment, the reasons why properties associated with that planks with metal eaves, the canopy is pierced by three development are important, and what characteristics diagonal metal supports approximately 16 feet in height they need to qualify as historic resources. which are bolted to the concrete floor. The supports, which were designed to attract attention of motorists, Historical Resources Inventory for the Fifth extend through and upward above the canopy, tapering Amendment to the Central Imperial Redevelopment at the top and bottom and flaring out at the intersection Plan with the canopy. Two metal beams brace the canopy and Much of the community has not been closely evaluated the supports; and single metal cables extend from each of for potential historic resources, but a cultural and his- the diagonal supports to the eastern edge of the canopy. toric resources inventory was conducted in 2006 as part The canopy was designated under HRB Criterion C as a of environmental review of the Fifth Amendment to the good example of Googie style architecture. Central Imperial Redevelopment Plan. The Redevelop- ment Plan Area generally covers the portion of Encanto Potentially Significant Historical Resources Neighborhoods between Ocean View Boulevard and In order to qualify for listing in the local, state, or In the next twenty years, there will be historical re- Market Street from I-805 to Euclid Avenue, as well as national historical registers, a property must be shown sources that have not yet been identified as significant the Imperial Avenue corridor from Euclid to approxi- to possess both significance and integrity. Properties that could be added to the National, State, or City Reg- mately 69th Street and the west side of Euclid Avenue shown here are for example only. isters for Historical Resources. The Southeastern San between Market Street and SR-94. Diego Historic Context Statement identifies important periods, events, themes, and patterns of development, The survey found 76 buildings with a recorded construc- and provides a framework for evaluating individual tion date prior to 1960 or an estimated age of over 45 historic properties and districts for the National Regis- years in Central Imperial Redevelopment project area. ter of Historic Places, California Register of Historical Buildings were evaluated for potential historic register Resources, and San Diego Register of Historical Re- eligibility. Most of the buildings are located along Impe- sources. Historic property types associated with these rial Avenue, especially clustered between 63rd and 66th periods and themes are also identified and described in streets, the focal point of the Encanto Neighborhoods the Historic Context Statement, and significance and community from the 1910s into the late 1950s. Many integrity considerations are included for each. It is im- of these may be eligible for listing on the City Register

9-10 Historic Preservation January 2015 9 as contributing elements to a proposed Encanto Com- P-HP-2: Identify, designate, preserve and restore mercial Historic District. Some, notably 6365 Impe- historical buildings in Encanto Neigh- borhoods and encourage their adaptive rial Avenue, the Art Deco-style red brick building that reuse in a manner consistent with the U.S. housed the Encanto Post Office in the 1920s, and 6493 Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Imperial Avenue, a Mission-style commercial building Treatment of Historic Properties. dating from the 1920s, may also be eligible for listing as P-HP-3: Develop a historic context statement an individual resource on the basis of architectural style. related to the Japanese-American com- Three additional buildings in the Lincoln Park neigh- munity within Southeastern San Diego and borhood were also identified as potentially eligible for Encanto Neighborhoods to assist with the identification, evaluation and preserva- individual listing. tion of resources significant to that his- tory. Include an oral history component Other Potentially Significant Historical Resources in the context statement to inform about those properties valued by the community. Other potentially eligible sites include the former Em- Conduct subsurface investigations at the erald Hills Golf Course and Country Club located at project level to identify potentially signifi- 1601 Kelton Avenue. The clubhouse was contructed in cant archaeological resources in Encanto 1939 ad operated by Art Cloninger, a widely know res- Neighborhoods. taurant operator, and was intended to take the place of P-HP-4: Protect and preserve significant archaeo- another local dine and dance rendezvous. A potentially logical resources. Refer significant sites to historic property type associated with one of the sig- the Historical Resources Board for designa- tion. nificant themes of the development period is the subur- ban farms, which is unique to Encanto Neighborhoods P-HP-5: Conduct project-specific Native American consultation early in the development area. Contructed between 1900 and 1916, the proper- Buildings along Imperial Avenue (top) and the former review process to ensure adequate data re- Emerald Hills Golf Course (bottom) may be eligible for ties can be assocaied with the earliest development and covery and mitigation for adverse impacts sale of land in Encanto Neighborhoods. These units to significant archaeological and Native historic listing. were the center of suburban farms and are presently American sites. Refer potentially significant located throughout the hills of the community. historical and cultural resources to the His- torical Resources Board for designation. Identification and Preservation Policies P-HP-6: Allow concerned Native American parties an opportunity to comment on or partici- In addition to General Plan Historic Preservation Ele- pate in any treatment plan for any sites ment Policies, the following policies are specific to En- with cultural and religious significance to canto Neighborhoods: the Native American community.

P-HP-1: Conduct a Historic Resources Reconnais- P-HP-7: Recommend that concerned parties seek sance Survey to identify architecturally to avoid direct and indirect impacts to the and historically significant buildings and site(s) as the primary mitigation alternative potential historic districts. in the event that Native American burials 9-11 City of San Diego Encanto Neighborhoods Community Plan

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are anticipated or inadvertently discovered 9.2 Educational Opportunities and during controlled archaeological excava- tions or any phase of construction. Proceed Incentives Related to Historic according to applicable laws and in ac- cordance with the Native American Graves Preservation Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA; 43 CFR 10), as appropriate, as well as ac- Revitalization and adaptive reuse of historic buildings cording to any agency-specific rules and and districts has many benefits. These include conser- procedures, concerning the treatment of vation of resources, use of existing infrastructure, local sites containing human remains, funer- job creation and tax revenue from consumer purchas- ary objects, sacred objects or objects of cultural patrimony. es, supports small business development and heritage tourism, and enhances quality of life and community P-HP-8: Recommend that if human remains are character. uncovered, no further disturbance of the site shall occur until the County Coroner has made the necessary finds as to origin There are a number of incentives available to owners of and disposition of the remains. historic resources to assist with the revitalization and adaptive reuse of historic buildings and districts. The P-HP-9: Include measures during new construc- tion to monitor and recover buried depos- California State Historic Building Code provides flex- its from the historic period and address ibility in meeting building code requirements for his- significant research questions related to torically designated buildings. Conditional Use Permits prehistory. are available to allow adaptive reuse of historic struc- tures consistent with the U.S. Secretary of the Interior’s Standards and the character of the community.

The Mills Act, which is a highly successful incentive, provides property tax relief to owners to help rehabili- tate and maintain designated historical resources. Ad- ditional incentives recommended in the General Plan, including an architectural assistance program, are being developed and may become available in the future. In addition to direct incentives to owners of designated historical resources, all members of the community enjoy the benefits of historic preservation through reinvestment of individual property tax savings into historical properties and an increased historic tourism economy. There is great opportunity to build on the ex- isting heritage tourism base drawn to the community’s

9-12 Historic Preservation January 2015 9 historic neighborhoods by highlighting and celebrating the rich history of Encanto Neighborhoods.

Educational and Incentives Policies In addition to General Plan Historic Preservation El- ement Policies, the following policies are specific to Encanto Neighborhoods for implementation of edu- cational opportunities for preservation of the commu- nity’s historical resources:

P-HP-10: Promote community education and aware- ness of the significance of Encanto Neigh- borhood’s potential and listed historic resources. P-HP-11: Include well-preserved archaeological ar- tifacts in an exhibit that could temporarily be housed at the Valencia Park/Malcolm X, Skyline and Paradise Hills libraries to bet- ter inform the public about the prehistoric occupation and the historic development of Encanto Neighborhoods. P-HP-12: Promote the maintenance, restoration, rehabilitation and continued private owner- ship and utilization of historical resources through a variety of financial and develop- ment incentives. P-HP-13: Continue to use existing incentive pro- grams and develop new approaches, such as architectural assistance and relief from setback requirements through a develop- ment permit process, as needed.

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