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INSIDE: • Famine commemoration concludes WCFU — page 3. • WCFU photo follow-up - centerfold. • Dr. Oleh Havrylyshyn analyzes Ukraine's economy — page 9. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY Published by the Ukrainian National Association inc., a fraternal non-profit association Vol. LXI No. 47 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1993 50 cents Appeals court cites OSI fraud,Ukrain e ratifies START I overturns extradition order setting tough conditions by Roma Hadzewycz by Marta Kolomayets from both the United States and Russia JERSEY CITY, N.J. - A federal Kyyiv Press Bureau over the past two years to have Ukraine surrender its nuclear arsenal and adhere to appeals court has ruled that U.S. prosecu­ KYYIV - As The Weekly was going tors perpetrated fraud on the court and promises to become a non-nuclear state. to press, Ukraine's Parliament voted 254- Ukraine has claimed ownership of its "acted with reckless disregard for the 9 to ratify the Strategic Arms Reduction truth" in their handling of the case of John nuclear weapons and has insisted that it Treaty, but set tough conditions for its cannot dismantle its arsenal in full if it Demjanjuk, accused of being a brutal implementation on Thursday evening, guard at the Treblinka Nazi death camp. does not get international security and November 18. safety guarantees and promises of com­ A three-judge panel of the U.S. Circuit After two hours of debate in a closed Court of Appeals on Wednesday, pensation and economic aid. It also session, the legislators approved the insists on pledges of respect regarding its November 17, unanimously decided to START I treaty, accompanied by a 13- overturn that court's 1986 extradition territorial integrity, which refering point resolution. The resolution condi­ specifically to Russia's aggressive poli­ order, which paved the way for Mr. tions under which Ukraine would Demjanjuk to be tried in Israel on charges cies toward Ukraine. become a nuclear-free state and reaffirms Under the resolution's terms, Ukraine he was "Ivan the Terrible" of Treblinka. commitments made on the Declaration of The court ruled that the extradition would liquidate only ,36 percent of its order was a mistake as the Justice State Sovereignty in 1991. missiles (63 of 176 missiles) and 42 per­ Department's Nazi-hunting unit, the Many of the lawmakers think the con­ cent of its warheads (520 of its| 1,240 Office of Special Investigations, had con­ ditions will delay the dismantlement of warheads); it also states that Ukraine has cealed exculpatory evidence from both Ukraine's nuclear arsenal for years to the right to become non-nuclear in a the court and the Demjanjuk defense. come. "stage-by-stage process," eliminating The Circuit Court's decision, written John Demjanjuk. "Ukraine has made its move. Its move nuclear weapons on its territory only by Senior Judge Piece Lively and signed of all war crimes charges and ruled that has been very significant. Now it's time after receiving financial compensation by Chief Judge Gilbert Merritt and Judge he should be set free. for the West to make a move," said and guarantees for its national security. Damon J. Keith, noted that if evidence The 6th Circuit Court of Appeals, Serhiy Holovaty, a democratic opposi­ The document called on other nuclear known to the OSI which indicated that however, did not vacate the 1981 ruling tion leader in Parliament. states to make a pledge of never using another man was "Ivan" had been made denaturalizing Mr. Demjanjuk. "We were forced to accept this docu­ nuclear weapons against Ukraine, never available, Mr. Demjanjuk would not Nonetheless, its finding of prosecutorial ment because of the unconstructive posi­ using conventional weapons against it have been sent to Israel, where he was misconduct paves the way for the 73- tion of our partners in the agreement," and never threatening it by force. found guilty and sentenced to death in year-old former Cleveland autoworker to said Ukraine's Foreign Minister Anatoliy Besides claiming ownership of all 1988. Earlier this year, the Israeli regain his citizenship. Zlenko, as he left the Parliament. strategic and tactical weapons, including Supreme Court acquitted Mr. Demjanjuk (Continued on page 3) The leaders were referring to pressure (Continued on page 22) Parliament vetoes Kravchul<'s bond decree New electoral law by Marta Kolomayets all political forces, who were motivated by the fear that Ukraine favors Communists Kyyiv Press Bureau would be shredded and sold in bits to foreigners. by Marta Kolomayets Some democrats worried that after five years, Ukraine would Kyyiv Press Bureau KYYIV - President Leonid Kravchuk condemned a not be able to redeem the bonds and a great share of Ukraine's Parliamentary veto that bans the sale of national resource bonds resources would become the property of the bond KYYIV - Ukraine's lawmakers and accused the Supreme Council of exceeding its rights in a holders.Others said that, in effect, the decree would halt virtual­ approved an electoral law on continuing tug of war between the executive and legislative ly all privatization for the next five years. Thursday morning, November 18, branches of Ukraine's hobbling government. Mr. Kravchuk responded to these accusations in his state­ that will set the wheels in motion The Ukrainian leader blamed Parliament for "blocking the ment, adding: "A cohesent economic policy was sacrificed for for parliamentary elections sched­ influx of foreign capital into Ukraine," according to a statement political considerations. This testifies to the fact that a consider­ uled for March 27, 1994. ,> Issued by the president's press service late Monday evening, able number of legislators, hiding behind populist slogans and However, many of the legisla­ November 15. He also vowed to continued working on the declarations, are guided by their own narrow political goals and ture's democrats wonder what kind implementation of the decree, taking into account "constructive not by the country's economic interests. of elections they will be, as the law criticism" offered by the legislators. "These deputies demonstrate that they virtually oppose eco­ that passed in Parliament by a vote More than a month ago, on October 12, President Kravchuk nomic reforms and want no transition to market economy," the of 245-8 allows workers' collec­ issued a decree on issuing 400 state commodity bonds valued statement added. tives, political parties, as well as at $25 million (U.S.) each, for a fiie-year period with a seven The released statement also added that the Ukrainian presi­ independents to nominate candi­ percent annual interest rate. Bonds for the mortgage of land, dent acted within his legal rights and powers, doing everything dates for office. real estate and movable property were to earn Ukraine $10 bil­ to strengthen Ukraine's economy. It stressed the fact that the The law provides for elections to lion and could be sold and resold to citizens and foreigners decree in no way hampers the privatization process, because the be held in 450 single-mandate elec­ alike. property under question can change hands and thus be priva­ toral districts on the basis of But no sooner had the president issued the decree when tized during the five-year period. absolute majority, and thus favors Parliamentary commissions began declaring it "unconstitution­ "The decree threatens Ukraine's independence," said Vitality post-Communist forces, which still al," and on Friday, November 12, brought it before the Supreme Melnychuk, the chairman of the Parliamentary committee on hold power in the densely populat­ Council, which vetoed it. The legislators said the decree vio­ privatization. ed eastern regions of the country. lates three articles of the Constitution, two articles of the "This decree was kept a secret; the president did not consult Candidates must gather 3(Ю signa­ Declaration on State Sovereignty and a number of provisions in with anyone," said Stepan Khmara, a Ukrainian nationalist who tures to be put on the ballot; democ­ 12 of Ukraine's laws. condemned the decree."I don't know where he thought we rats are upset as such a procedure Parliament viewed the^decree as an action that would jeopar­ could get $700 million (U.S.) per year to pay interest on these makes political parties insignificant, dize the nation's statehood, and during the November 12 morn­ bonds. This is suicide." he added. because anyone can nominate,candi­ ing session, questioned government officials about the reason­ Parliament also decided to form a commission that would dates for office. Candidates must ing behind it. (Continued on page 22) They then voted 239-33 to ban the decree, uniting deputies of (Continued on page 20) THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21,1993 No. 47 ANALYSIS: The ramifications of halting the currency exchange BSF flotilla returns from western Georgia $11 U.S.), are also scheduled to get a 50 IntelNews most, if not all of our manufacturing percent pay increase, so that they remain workers," said Mr. Anderson. SEVASTOPIL — The first flotilla of in Ukraine instead of defecting to Russia KYYIV — A terse telegram from the German Embassy Counselor Michael two Black Seas Fleet battleships returned for jobs. (Interfax-Ukraine) National Bank of Ukraine (NBU) to the Vorbs noted that Western businesses to Sevastopil from Poti on November 17. Ukrainian Interbank Currency Exchange could be scared off by the new currency It included about 40 Ukrainian service­ Lack of power supplies shut down schools (UICE) set off a financial uproar during regulations. "Everyone who is investing men withdrawn from the armed conflict the second week of November, as it region in western Georgia. Another SEVASTOPIL — Ten schools have in Ukraine is very, very cautious," Mr. been shut down in the city for the lack of abruptly shut down the country's major Vorbs said, adding that if joint ventures flotilla is scheduled to return later in the legal source for trading in large sums of month. (Interfax-Ukraine) power supplies. Hot water supplies have and foreign businesses are not given a been cut and gas supplies are insufficient, karbovantsi, hard currency and rubles. chance to trade currency, the results for The Kravchuk government maintains Miners halt coal deliveries city administration officials said on Ukraine could be "disastrous." November 16. Only 1.373 million cubic that this temporary measure will bolster Other businesses may not be as Ukraine's official currency, but many DONETSKE — Miners from the meters of natural gas are delivered to the affected by the auction closure because Donetskevuhil Enteфrise, which encom­ city daily, while 2.1 to 2.5 million are business leaders and financial experts of the weak karbovanets. A Winner Ford contend that it stymies trade and invest­ passes 21 coal mines, have stopped deliv­ needed. (Interfax-Ukraine) representative said the company has a eries to customers as of November 12, ment, favors certain enteфrises unfairly, good supply of hard currency, since it and is an "old guard" attempt to revert to demanding that the coal prices be raised. Troop cut reports called ''disinformation'^ has not sold a single car for karbovantsi The miners said the prices should be raised a state-controlled economy. Unless since the exchange rate plummeted in KYYIV — Ukraine's Defense Ministry reversed by Parliament, the measure is to the level that "would ensure normal August. Reasonable dollar prices look industrial process and implementation of has repudiated troop cuts of Ukrainian seen by some as another disastrous step astronomical when converted at the cur­ military personnel reported in the Russian toward national financialcollapse . social programs." According to Donetske rent rate of 26,000 kbv per dollar. For Strike Committee member Volodymyr newspaper Izvestiya and called them "dis­ Business lifeline example, a U.S. $5,000 car would carry a Minenko, the mines are selling coal at information," reported Respublika on converted price-tag of 130 million kbv . 138,(ХЮ karbovantsi per ton, while the real November 5. A November 4 defense The November 9 telegram, demanding Winner Ford has decided to take a wait- ministry report said the final size of the a "temporary halt of trading at the costs are 338,0(Ю karbovantsi per ton. If and-see attitude about the decrees. the administration refuses to raise the Ukrainian military after reductions would UICE," was a follow-up to last week's Mr. Anderson concurred: "The gov­ be 450,000. Izvestiya had said that almost presidential decree aimed at "improving prices, the miners will "turn to more deci­ ernment, despite having made many mis­ sive forms of protest against the Ukrainian 150,000 troops would be cut by January 1, hard currency regulation" in Ukraine. takes, will somehow make the situation 1994 and that additional cuts would UICE Director Oleh Andronov says government's price policies." Mr. bearable for businesses. It really depends Minenko thinks the conflict between min­ reduce the force to 250,000 by 1995. there is no legal basis for shutting the on what trick the government pulls out of (RFE/RL Daily Report) exchange down in this way. "The ers and government can result in a large- its bag." scale strike. (Interfax-Ukraine) exchange has not violated any regulations, Others don't feel optimistic. One Senchenko made head of Sarajevo force and we are not a government entity." Kyyiv-based director of a company sell­ Citizens asked to conserve gas, electricity UNITED NATIONS — United Deputy Prime Minister for Trade ing a top U.S. brand product said, "With Valentyn Landyk disagrees with that DNIPROPETROVSKE — City Nations Secretary-General Boutros- presidential elections seven months Boutros Ghali appointed Col. Senchenko evaluation, saying the NBU's action is "a away, the economy will be gone if administration officials here have asked first step to combat the speculation wide­ their citizens to save gas, electric power of the Ukrainian armed forces as chief of Kravchuk continues with these draconian staff of the U.N. military contingency for ly flourishing at the UICE." Mr. Landyk and heat, reporting that the pressure in decrees." Sarajevo, reported Ukrainian Television. accused the exchange of "deliberately the main gas-carrying pipe line has Ukraine has a battalion of troops attached boosting the karbovanets/U.S. dollar Old habits die hard decreased twice this fall. According to rate." to the U.N. peacekeeping force in Government leaders, particularly Volodymyr Pryjmak, chairman of the Sarajevo. (RFE/RL Daily Report) Founded by 40 commercial banks, the Deputy Prime Minister Landyk, city's committee for emergencies, this is Interbank currency exchange sells acknowledge a need for changes in the a result of nonpayment to Russian suppli­ Ukraine will not budge from weapons stand Russian rubles, Deutsche marks, and hard currency regulation system. They ers. His committee, on November 15, U.S. dollars. It has bben a hard currency admit that the existing inter-bank hard said that it has established a schedule for KYYIV — Ukraine will not deliver a lifeline for businesses since the currency market in Ukraine did not switching off gas and electric power sup­ single de-activated SS-19 nuclear missile Ukrainian government imposed a manda­ reflect the real state of the financial-mon­ plies to the city's enterprises and resident to Russia until Ukraine, the U.S. and tory 50 percent sale of hard currency etary system, and this led to the artificial housing for a couple of hours a day. Russia resolve the issue of compensation earnings last July. Some financial experts increase of the exchange rate of the kar­ Consumption is predicted to drop by 48 for Ukraine's tactical nuclear weapons, predict the shutdown and the new regula­ bovanets to hard currency and Russian percent in November. (Interfax-Ukraine) Ukraine's Foreign Deputy Minister tions will result in significant curtailing rubles. Borys Tarasyuk told Holos Ukrainy in an of export-import activity among Mr. Kravchuk's decree obliges the Kharkiv faces transportation shortage interview. According to the deputy chief Ukrainian enterprises and commercial Cabinet of Ministers and the National of the commission for armaments and firms. The decree's package of hard cur­ KHARKIV — The city is faced with a disarmament of the Ministry of Foreign Bank of Ukraine to develop measures to shortage of trams, buses, and trolleys, as rency measures, of which the shutdown improve Ukraine's financial system. But Affairs, Volodymyr Balashov, because of the UICE was only a first step, may well as trained drivers, according to Russia has refused to extend the defini­ it also directs them to aim these measures Viktor Kochubey, the head of Kharkiv's make such activity simply unprofitable. at increasing the state's influence both on tion of Ukraine's nuclear arsenal to transportation services, speaking at a include tactical weapons already deliv­ "I know that businesses like ours can­ hard currency operations, and on export- press conference on November 16. He not compete with state enteфrises. Since import operations in general. ered to Russia, Ukraine is not obligated said a $62,000 (U.S.) contract has been to carry out the terms of the Massandra they will get priority in a controlled sys­ The decree specifically recommends signed with INECO, a Czech firm, to tem, private firms won't ever get the that the National Bank of Ukraine "estab­ agreement pertaining to the delivery of supply Kharkiv's trams with spare parts, its nuclear weapons to Russia. Thus far chance to buy hard currency at the offi­ lish...an official exchange rate regulation since 90 percent of the transport is from cial exchange rate," says one director of a in accordance with the Cabinet of no legal document has been worked out the former Czechoslovakia. Kharkiv dri­ that addressed the issue of tactical commercial business. "We will be forced Ministers" and "temporarily halt hard vers, who make an average salary of to sell at the official exchange rate, and currency trading at UICE." In addition, 268,000 coupons per month (less than the difference between the two rates will the decree recommends "measures to pro­ (Continued on page 23) be our direct loss." He adds, "If business­ hibit buy-sell hard currency operations at es can't find reliable non-legal ways to exchanges and financial institutions" with buy and sell hard currency, and if they on the exception of an unspecified number of top of that aren't able to hide their hard "authorized banks." The decree further THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY FOUNDED 1933 currency receipts from the government, recommends that those "authorized" they'll simply have to close up shop." banks be allowed to buy and sell any hard An English-language newspaper published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., The financial director for Johnson currency not subject to the mandatory 50 a non-profit association, at 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N.J. 07302. Wax, Dave Anderson, makes another percent sale rule with their own funds, but Second-class postage paid at Jersey City, N.J. 07302. point: "We get our raw materials from only on order from clients. The actual (ISSN - 0273-9348) Russia, If we can't get rubles, we can't procedures for such operations are to be determined by the NBU. Yearly subscription rate: $20; for UNA members — $10. get materials and everything comes to a Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper. grinding halt." Johnson Wax employs "We know the authors of this decree. neariy 300 people in Ukraine, producing These are people who even today think The Weekly and Svoboda: UNA: cleaning products that sell for coupons in terms of Marxist-Leninist ideology," {201)434-0237,-0807,-3036 (201)451-2200 throughout the country. Those jobs could said UkrInBank Deputy Governor be jeopardized by President Kravchuk's Yaroslav Soltys. "These people quite Postmaster, send address Editor-in-chief: Roma Hadzewycz decree and the shutting of the UICE. simply cannot think in terms of a market changes to: Associate editor: Marta Kolomayets (Kyyiv) economy. They would sooner return to a The Ukrainian Weekly Assistant editor: Khristina Lew Johnson just recently started broad­ totalitarian-socialist style of running the casting a series of Western-style TV P.O. Box 346 Staff writers/editors: Roman Woronowycz economy, than trouble themselves trying Jersey City, N.J. 07303 Andrij Kudia Wynnyckyj commercials in Ukrainian, among the to change their way of thinking or adapt first of their kind on Ukrainian televi­ to the country's need to move down the sion. "If we have to slow down or even The Ukrainian Weekly, November 21,1993, No. 47, Vol. LXI stop production, layoffs could affect (Continued on page 19) Copyright © 1993 The Ukrainian Weekly No. 47 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21,1993 Rally at Maple Leaf Gardens commemorates famine, concludes WCFU by Andrij Wynnykyj ty of mankind to prevent the recurrence of tragedies such as the famine in Ukraine. TORONTO — The sixth and final Opening remarks were delivered by Dr. World Congress of Free Ukrainians cul­ Mykola Kushpeta, chairman of the com­ minated with an ecumenical moleben and memorative rally and member of the mass rally to commemorate Ukraine's WCU presidium, who voiced the theme of victims of the famine-genocide of 1932- that day: "We will never forget." 1933, on Sunday, November 7, at The defining moment of the rally fol­ Toronto's Maple Leaf Gardens. lowed — a dramatic and moving "famine About 7,000 Ukrainians, including ballet" by the students of Danovia many delegates of the now renamed inter­ Stechishin's Ukrainian Academy of Dance, national World Congress of Ukrainians, set to the music of Enrico Morricone's attended the four-hour event, which griev­ "Mission" soundtrack and selections from ed the loss of over 7 million countrymen the liturgy as sung by the St. Ephtymius and affirmed that, with newly re-asserted Choir of the St. Nicholas Church in statehood as guarantor, this holocaust Toronto, conducted by Adrian Iwachiv. would never be forgotten, nor repeated. The program began at 2:00 p.m. to the Working as a kind of diptych of death solemn tolling of bells, with a procession and resurrection, Ms. Stechishin's chore­ of clergy and representatives of veter­ ography first presented tableaus of peas­ ans', religious and youth organizations, ants fleeing before marching black-clad led by bearers of the Ukrainian and automaton commissars, then a gloomy Canadian national flags. parade of starving farmers clutching at their stomachs as their fellows were deci­ An ecumenical moleben was then mated by hunger, then a grim circle of served by hierarchs of the Ukrainian death washed over by an eerie dry-ice Catholic, Orthodox and Protestant mist, culminating in an anguished scream Churches, as well as 21 clergy from all of a mourning woman. three denominations. Among the cele­ Metropolitan Vasily Fedak of the Ulcrainian Orthodox Church of Canada raises brants of the memorial service were Then, to the strains of "Sviatyi krip- his cross during the ecumenical moleben in commemoration of victims of the Metropolitan Vasily Fedak of the kyi" and "Bozhe Velykyi Yedynyi," the 1932-1933 famine, at Maple Leaf Gardens. Ukrainian Orthodox Church of Canada, scene of rebirth bloomed like the opening Metropolitans Maxim Hermaniuk of of a peacock's fan, with dancers carrying Ukraine an apology and compensation. "we will never forget," Gen. Morozov Canada and Stephen Sulyk of the United icons, candelabra, sheaves of wheat, Mr. Shymko drew a parallel to the spoke of survivors' guilt, but he re-assert­ States; as well as Pastor Petro Mariychuk trembity (mountain horns), and the young Jewish Holocaust. "They had to take up ed the guilt of the Communist Party, of the All-Ukrainian Evangelical Baptist wearing folk costumes from every arms, shed blood and fight to create an which repeatedly drew up plans "for the Fellowship, who read Psalm 23. region, symbolizing the resurgent power independent state of Israel, to make sure liquidation of the nests of kulak and that we shall never forget, and that never Responses to the moleben were sung of a people unbowed. Petliurist bourgeois nationalist opposi­ again will such a horror be visited upon by the St. Volodymyr Millennium Choir tion" in Ukraine, casting its nets still Outgoing WCFU President Yuri their people." (assembled from parishes of the Toronto, Shymko followed with an address in trib­ wider and wider. He stated that the Hamilton, Grimsby, St. Catharines ute to famine victims delivered in his Mr. Shymko referred to Chancellor regime's capacity to obscure th^ reality of areas), conducted by Nestor Olynyk. trademark thunderous style. Decrying Konrad Adenauer "a democrat, a German the horrific famine from the world's The national anthems of Canada and the loss of Ukraine's potential through leader of a democratic Germany" who attention endured in its policies until the Ukraine were played by the Vanguard and. the starvation of millions of poets, artists, "apologized for the horror of the very end, when the USSR disintegrated. Baturyn orchestras, and then master of entrepreneurs, generals, statesmen, he Holocaust of the Nazis," contrasting this Gen. Morozov said that even now, in ceremonies Maria Szkambara, chair of the called the Soviet regime and its inheritors with Russia's record on the famine. "To times of economic crisis, "we feel the Ukrainian Canadian Congress Toronto to account. Mr. Shymko declared that this day, democratic Russia has not apol­ pressure of a resurgence in Bolshevik branch, formally opened the rally and since the Russian Federation is the ogized," Mr. Shymko thundered, "to this spirit." He warned that "they are not declared that it was the moral responsibili­ USSR's avowed successor, it owed day, the archives in Moscow are closed. merely trying to teach us what to do in To this day no-one wants to speak of our own home, but seek to undercut us as compensation." Calling upon the we draft oiir constitution, form our own Ukrainian government and the diaspora reckless disregard for their duty to the army, establish our own electoral sys­ to take up this cause, Mr. Shymko Appeals court.:, court and their discovery obligations in tem." He warned that the Communist rejoined: "but we must speak." (Continued from page 1) failing to disclose at least three sets of Party was once again registered and that Reacting to the court's ruling, Edward documents in their possession before the Elaine Ziemba, minister of citizenship as such concessions progress, Ukraine Nishnic, a son-in-law of Mr. Demjanjuk proceedings against Demjanjuk ever and senior citizens' affairs of the Ontario risks losing "everything we have: inde­ and the family spokesman, told The reached trial." provincial government, brought words of pendence and statehood." Weekly, "I believe that justice was done The judges then enumerated those solidarity from Premier Bob Rae, Gen. Morozov, to general applause, today by the 6th Circuit Court of documents: denounced the Soviet regime's "attempt­ called for an affirmation that /'Ukraine Appeals, and for that we're deeply thank­ • The Fedorenko protocols, which ed destruction of a group of people" and had left the empire, and has no intention ful." included statements by two former said we all must be vigilant to prevent the of ever returning to it." He said the family "is very pleased guards at Treblinka, Leieko and repetition of such atrocities. In conclusion. Gen, Morozov said with the ruling. We have always had Malogon, who identified another man, Mykola Zhulynsky, Ukraine's deputy Ukrainian independence must be guaran­ complete faith and confidence in that Ivan Marchenko, as "Ivan the Terrible." prime minister for humanitarian affairs, teed "for the sake of the memory of those court to review all the evidence in this • The list of Ukrainian guards at read an expression of sympathy from who died in the struggle for the freedom of complex case objectively and dispassion­ Treblinka furnished by the Polish gov­ President Leonid Kravchuk, and offered their people, and the memory of those who ately, and that the court would come out ernment, which did not list Mr. his own remarks. Dr. Zhulynsky is him­ died in that terrible tragedy, the famine of with a just finding." Demjanjuk, but did contain the name of self a famine survivor, and he recounted 1932-1933. We will never forget." The U.S. Justice Department, mean­ Ivan Marchenko. This list, the Circuit how his neighbor once drew him and The newly elected president of the while was reported to be determined to Court said, "was certainly exculpatory." another young friend to her house as the WCU, Dmytro Сіруwnyk, spoke last and deport Mr. Demjanjuk regardless of the Surely, the name of the notorious "Ivan" holocaust raged, and read about the com­ very briefly, saying that Ukraine is final­ federal court's findings about prosecutor­ would have been on that list, the defense ing of "the Beast" referred to in the Book ly in a position to determine its own fate. ial misconduct. The Associated Press later argued. of Revelations. Then, glancing at the He also quoted the poet Vasyl quoted a Justice Department spokesman, • Contemporaneous reports of the drawn curtains, she set out the Beast's Symonenko's words: "My people exist, John Russell, as saying that the depart­ OSI's 1979 interview with Otto Horn, a name with matches: "Stalin." my people will always be." ment was reviewing its options but German guard at Treblinka, who identi­ On behalf of all Ukrainians, Dr. The rest of the program included per­ intended "to effect Demjanjuk's prompt fied Mr. Demjanjuk as "Ivan" in a video­ Zhulynsky offered thanks to the diaspora formances by the impressively large chil­ removal from the United States as soon taped 1980 deposition, but had failed to for having preserved the memory of the dren's choir of the Ukrainiarv Heritage as his legal status is resolved." do so three months earlier when present­ famine and its victims alive. He said the Language Schools of Toronto and vicini­ ed with photo spreads. Contemporaneous famine served as a lesson for mankind, "Reckless disregard" ty, conducted by Ir^ Drohobyckyj, reports of that earlier interview, the court which should never again allow a like accompanied by Taras Petrynenko and The 6th Circuit Court of Appeals found, "conflicted with Horn's testimony system to be established. Tetiana Horobets of the Hrono ensemble; severely criticized the OSI's prosecution at the deposition that when he finally They keynote address was delivered by the Prometheus and Dibrov^ choirs of John Demjanjuk. It noted: "The atti­ identified Demjanjuk's photograph in the by retired Gen. Kostyantyn Morozov, and the Baturyn orchestra conducted by tude of the OSI attorneys toward disclos­ second spread, he could not see the first who outlined the chronology of the Ostap Brezden; the Burlaka choir led by ing information to Demjanjuk's counsel set of pictures." The reports of the 1979 Soviet regime's policies of grain requisi­ Alexander Chmil; and a stormy rendition was not consistent with the government's interview were found in the Justice tioning that lead to the famine, the isola­ of the "To You, Ukraine," a cantata writ­ obligation to work for justice rather than Department's trash and turned over to the tion of entire villages for "sabotage," the ten by Mr. Kardash, by his orchestra. for a result that favors its attorneys' pre­ Demjanjuk defense. infamous decrees on "state property," the The program concluded with the conceived ideas of what the outcome of The federal judges pointed to the OSI's sealing of Ukraine's borders against singing of Mykola Lysenko's,"Bozhe legal proceedings should be." "casual treatment of information" that relief, the deportations and executions of Velykyi Yedynyi" by all present, led by Furthermore, the three-judge panel could have been exculpatory, and conclud- those who rose in despairing opposition. Mr. Kardash's orchestra and combined stated: "The OSI attorneys acted with (Continued on page 16) Punctuating his narrative with a firm choirs. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21,1993 No. 47 War vets organize training for Ul

Ukrainian Museum to liost gala, Air Ukraine celebrates inaugural Ivan Dzyuba keynote speaker flight, opens 5th Avenue office

NEW YORK — Concluding a success­ A native of Lviv, Natalia Khoma stud­ ful year of fundraising for the building ied at the Lviv Central Music School and fund, the board of trustees of the the Lviv and Moscow conservatories. Ukrainian Museum has slated a gala lun- She has distinguished herself as a recital- сЬеоЙ for Sunday, December 5, at the ist and a soloist with orchestras through­ Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York City. out the former USSR, the United States, Ivan Dzyuba, minister of culture of Canada and Europe. Ms. Khoma has per­ Ukraine, will deliver the keynote address. formed with a number of leading ensem­ The musical program will feature guest bles and orchestras and has won top artists cellists Natalia Khoma and Suren prizes at international competitions. Bagratuni, and the Promin ensemble Among her most recent solo appearances under the direction of Bohdanna were her New York debut with the Wol^nsky. Nestor Holynsky will act as Chamber Ensemble of the New York master of ceremonies. A donation of $ 100 City Symphony, her debut with the pqr person is requested. Reservations Sherbrooke Symphony Orchestra in should be made through the museum by Canada and a concert tour in Spain with November 24 by calling (212) 228-0110, the Franz Liszt Chamber Orchestra. orfaxing (212) 228-1947. Suren Bagratuni's performances as recitalist, soloist and chamber musician throughout the former USSR, Europe and United States have earned him acclaim and a prominent place on the internation­ al concert scene. Born in Yerevan, Armenia, Mr. Bagratuni studied at the Roman Woronowycz Moscow Conservatory. He has per­ formed extensively with international Air Ukraine celebrated its inaugural flight to the United States and officially orchestras and is the winner of a number opened its midtown Manhattan office, located on Fifth Avenue, on November 4 of prestigious awards. Currently Mr. with an afternoon grand opening reception. The ceremony, which included the Bagratuni serves on the faculty of the blessing of the headquarters by Ukrainian Orthodox and Ukrainian Catholic Nev; England Conservatory's extension clergy, 'vas the culmination of three days of programs including an Inaugural division. FHgh*"' ::-3eption at the Ukrainian National Home on November 3 attended by The vocal ensemble Promin, under the U.S. ^'<5 Jk і 'ndustry executives. Standing before the Air Ukraine logo in the air­ direction of Bohdanna Wolansky, has line s '>n:es are: (from left) Air Ukraine U.S. General Manager Mykola G. been in existence for 20 years. The Kravels; the Rev. Wolodymyr Bazylevsky of St. Volodymyr's Ukrainian ensemble performs a widely varied reper­ Orthodox Church; Archbishop Antony of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church; toire, from simple folk songs to complex икгаіпіал Ambassador Oleh Biiorus; Ukraine's Secretary of Transportation modern compositions, striving for purity Ores! Kjfmpush; Chicago Consul-General Anatoliy Oliynyk; Air Ukraine General of style, accuracy of execution and depth Manager Leonid Pohrebniak; the Rev. Patrick Pashchak of St. George's Minister of Culture Ivan Dzvuha. of interpretation Catholic Church: and New York Consul-General Viktor Kryzhanivsky. No. 47 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1993 THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FORUM Detroit holds organizing meeting Woodbine, N.J., Branch 378 by Irene Pryjma tutional changes designed to streamline operations and to introduce new insur­ celebrates three anniversaries WARREN, Mich. - The Ukrainian ance products, rates and benefits, and National Association in Detroit, which new manuals. Products are very competi­ has 18 branches making up the Detroit tive, even bettering Prudential, Aetna and District Committee, held an organizing Continental in some areas. The future is meeting on October 24 at the Ukrainian bright, Mr. Olesnycky conrinued. The Cultural Center. new UNA products tailor to specific indi­ Dr. Alexander Serafyn opened the vidual needs. Licensed insurance brokers meeting, introducing guest speaker Nestor will be able to competitively sell UNA Olesnycky, supreme vice-president of the insurance products. UNA. Mr. Olesnycky emphasized the New features of insurance include importance of the UNA to the life of the financial planning, nursing home care, Ukrainian community in America. auto insurance, travelers' insurance, In America, it is relatively difficult to medical benefits coverage for visitors, find an organization like the UNA in annuities with flexible or fixed rates on existence for 100 years, and still, active premiums, mortgages and loans. and thriving. This year marks the 100th Computerization has been facilitated anniversary of Svoboda, the Ukrainian- resulting in the streamlining of opera­ language daily newspaper, and the 60th tions, as have a FAX and 1-800 tele­ anniversary of The Ukrainian Weekly, its phone number to answer questions. The English-language sister publication. Next UNA is in the process of setting up year, the UNA, a fraternal insurance com­ regional (state) branch offices to meet pany, celebrates its 100th anniversary. state-specific insurance criteria and The founders of these Ukrainian adding licensed brokers to assist the American institutions were economic and UNA subscribers, the vice-president said. political immigrants from an oppressed Standing in front of St. Nicholas Ukrainian Catholic Church are: Ann and Ukraine. They came together to over­ A question and answer period followed the presentation. Taking part in the discus­ Edw^ard Kolanko, Philip Yuschok, Alice Yabrish, the Lepki family, Eva Lesiw, come their economic hardships and to Nele Zyniuk, Mary Syniowsky, the Rev. Ivan and Mrs. Dawydowych, Nancy and help Ukraine towards independence. sions were: Dr. Serafyn, Dr. Atanas Slusarczuk, Zenon Wasylkewycz, W. Tom Ciciura, Katherine Panchisine, Stanley Pikolycky, Woodbine Mayor Svoboda and The Ukrainian Weekly William Pikolycky and Jessi Pikolycky. are resources for detailed information on Kolodchin, J. Baziuk, Irene Pryjma, Ukraine and Ukrainians. The UNA main­ Roman Kuropas, H. Korbiak and D. Koshylowsky. Questions pertained to types WOODBINE, N J. - UNA Branch 378 members. Special mention was made of tains a Kyyiv Press Bureau and a combined three important anniversaries the founders of the branch. Washington Office that acts as a liaison of UNA policies, qualifications and earn­ ings of the agents, need for updated infor­ into one and celebrated them on The service was followed by a recep­ between the Ukrainian community and September 25. tion at the home of Mrs. Panchisine. A the Congress and administradon. The mation for the branches, numbers of dele­ The Society of St. Nicholas was delicious buffet was served, and against UNA also runs Soyuzivka, a resort in the gates to the UNA convention, age limits for the background of reading Ukrainian his­ Catskills of New York that is constantly candidates and executive board members, founded in December of 1927 in upgraded. The UNA contributes to cul­ etc. Mr. Olesnycky gave detailed answers, Woodbine, N.J. Sixty-five years ago, in tory, observations about Ukrainian immi­ tural and other activities, gives scholar­ and for a few - promised to send complete January of 1928, its founders, William grants and readings of excerpts from ships, initiated the Fund for the Rebirth explanations to questions. Halchak, Alex Barnak, Anna Kuzan, Ukrainian literature, Mrs. Panchisine of Ukraine, and Ukrainian Heritage After a break for lunch, Mr. William Zinich and William Panchisine, recounted the story of the UNA, how the Defense Fund. Olesnycky noted that all UNA districts joined the Ukrainian National society was founded by a handful of The headquarters building of the UNA are planning local celebrations of the Association. William Zinich was secre­ humble immigrants who were unable to in Jersey City, N.J., is now 90 percent UNA'S 100th anniversary. In Detroit, the tary until 1978, when his duties were speak English, and how the group grew rented, as compared to 65 percent in 1990, occasion will be marked with a banquet assumed by William Panchisine. into today's largest Ukrainian fraternal and major remodeling of the main lobby is and program in May of 1994. Currently the branch officers are: organization. planned, Mr. Olesnycky reported. At the conclusion of the meeting. Dr. Katherine Panchisine, secretary, Stanley After wishing their parent organization In May 1994, the UNA convention in Serafyn thanked Mr. Olesnycky for his Pikolycky, president, Eva Lysiw, treasur­ and Svoboda, its Ukrainian-language Pittsburgh will be presented with consti­ detailed informative talk. er, and Mr. Panchisine, assistant secretary. daily, "Mnohaya Lita," the members The anniversary celebration began departed with a feeling of pride in the with a church service, offered by the accomplishments of the UNA and The UNA and you Rev. Ivan Dawydowych for departed Svoboda during the past 100 years. Fixed or adjustable? Voung UNR'ers by Stephan J. Welhasch Shopping for a mortgage loan can be a very confusing and frustrating experience, but it doesn't have to be. What should one watch out for? Which loan is better, a fixed or an adjustable rate mortgage? Is a short-term loan necessarily better than a long-term loan? These are just a few of the questions that smart shoppers are asking themselves today. "I've seen newspaper ads for home mortgage loans that feature unbelievably low rates. Can it be true, or is there a catch somewhere?" one shopper queried. The answer, simply put, is that the advertisements he saw were probably for adjustable rate mortgages (ARMs). True, ARMs are at their lowest ever. The terms are for shorter periods of time. One year, two year, three year, five year and seven year... "Where will it end?" you may ask yourself. Each one is different, the rate can be adjusted after one year, with caps that vary, which means the monthly payment could go up or down, depending on how the market moves. ARMs make your future monthly payments uncertain. There are ARMs that put a ceiling on your payment increase or rate increase from one period to the next. Practically all have a ceiling on interest rate increases over the life of the loan. How do you know if an ARM loan is right for you? Well, it depends on your financial situation and the terms of the loan. Remember, ARMs are risky when interest rates begin to rise. Lisa Michelle Shatynski, born March How do you compare ARMs with fixed-rate mortgages? 1, 1993, to Pamela and William J. You need to consider the maximum amount your montiily payment could increase. You Shatynski of Jamesburg, N.J., is a new also need to compare what might happen to payments with your future ability to pay. member of UNA Branch 490 in Union, If you're planning on moving within two or three years then an ARM loan is N.J. She was enrolled by her grand­ Daniel Joseph Lazor, born June 28, is preferable, because your monthly payments are at their lowest. When you know that parents Olga and John J. Shatynski of a new member of UNA Branch 178 of you're planning to stay in your home for more than five years, a fixed-rate mortgage Hillside, N.J., and is the 15th Manchester, N.H. He is the son of loan is the better choice. Shatynski family member to join the Michael and Maria Lazor and the For more detailed information concerning fixed-rate and adjustable mortgage loans, UNA. Lisa has an older brother, grandson of the Rev. Joseph and Gregory, and a sister, Christine. Sophia Lazor. (Continued on page 22) THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1993 No. 47

NEWS AND VIEWS THE UmiNiAN WEEKLY Holushko appointment dangerous

Election law blues by Taras Kuzio Mukha had himself replaced Lt.-Gen. Over the past few weeks, Ukraine's economy has plummeted; prices have Vitaly Fedorchuk, who was known for his sky-rocketed and gas and oil shortages have caused many industries to come to On September 20, Mykola Holushko brutality in repressing dissent and national­ a screeching halt. was appointed chairman of the Russian ism in Ukraine on behalf of First Secretary Instead of building a Ukrainian-model economic state, based on market Security Ministry after serving a period of the Communist Party of Ukraine reforms, Ukraine's leaders have been slip-sliding away from progress, turning as its acting head. His appointment sug­ Volodymyr Shcherbytsky, in 1982. gests that President Boris Yeltsin has back to the familiar command-administrative system. Both Messrs Fedorchuk and Holushko .abandoned ideas of reforming the former And, now Ukraine's democrats have suffered another setback. With the pas­ have followed a similar Chekist career KGB in order to obtain its support in his sage of a new election law on Thursday, November 18, they have seen the pattern. Mr. Fedorchuk succeeded Yuri confrontation with the Russian parlia­ shaky foundations of democracy-building crumble. Andropov as chairman of ttie Soviet KGB ment and to obtain greater intelligence in The law, which does not recognize the multi-party system, a condition for and later became minister of the interior. the Near Abroad. deniocratic elections, and provides for a single-chamber legislature, favors the Mr. Holushko remained chairman of the Although President Yeltsin has won election of Communist candidates to the new Parliament, which is scheduled to Ukrainian KGB from May 1987 unril the battle with the Russian parliament in (Convene in the spring of 1994. November 1991 when the Ukrainian KGB the short term, this has been paid for with Unlike Russia, which is preparing for multi-party elections in December to a was transformed into the Security Service increased reliance upon the Russian two-chamber parliament, where half the seats will be based on proportional of Ukraine headed by Mr. Holushko's for­ Security Ministry (the former KGB) and representation, Ukraine has remained a "dinosaur reservation." mer deputy, Evhen Marchuk.2 The armed forces. This will lead to a more The newly independent states of the former Soviet Union have all had their Security Service of Ukraine was officially assertive Russian policy towards the established on September 20, 1991, and share of difficulties in establishing a new identity and promoting a new politi­ Near Abroad, where the military has dic­ cal system for their citizens, based on principles of democracy. Mr. Marchuk was appointed to the post of tated Russian foreign policy since 1992. chairman on November 14. In Russia, the transition period to a democratic state continues; it has includ­ In the case of Ukraine, it will lead to ed bloodshed and political turmoil. But with a powerful leader at the helm, Therefore, following the Chekist tradi­ greater pressure for denuclearization, tion, Mr. Holushko has moved from his such as Boris Yeltsin, who is committed to democracy, Ukraine's northern Russian sovereignty over Sevastopil and neighbor will be able to provide the possibilities for a better life for each and Ukrainian base to Moscow and become possession of the Black Sea Fleet. It is the chairman of the Russian Security every one of its citizens. therefore no coincidence that the Russian After the October 3-4 events in Moscow, Ukraine's leaders smugly assured Ministry, successor to the Soviet and minister of Defense, Pavel Grachev, led Russian KGB. In an early interview in their people: Russia struggles for democracy through revolution and violence. the negotiations at the Massandra summit Ukraine will achieve democracy through peaceful means. We won't have the his new Ukrainian post, Mr. Holushko between Presidents Yeltsin and showed his credentials as a survivor: president liquidate our Parliament; we will do it ourselves.. This will be the Kravchuk in September. more democratic way, they said. "The Chekists of Soviet Ukraine, togeth­ The formal appointment of Mr. er with all of the toilers of the republic, Traditionally, Ukraine has been home base for such staunch Communists as Holushko to the post of chairman of the Moisey Kaganovich, Nikita Khrushchev, Leonid Brezhnev and Volodymyr fully support those decisions of the party Russian Security Ministry makes him the (19th AU-Union CPSU conference), Shcherbytsky. These were committed Communists. first career Chekist to head it since the min­ regarding them as a political orientation Unfortunately, today to say that committed democrats in Ukraine's leader­ istry was created after the disintegration of for the improvement of their work."*^ ship are in the minority is a gross understatement. Today, the seedlings of the former USSR. The Soviet/Russian A few years later, Mr. Holushko democracy are dying even before they had a chance to sprout roots in the fer­ KGB was renamed the Ministry of Security claimed in an interview on the eve of the tile soil, the chornozem of Ukraine. in October 1991 and remains largely August 1991 putsch that, although the Today, the chairman of Parliament, Ivan Pliushch, tells his legislature: "It is not unchanged, despite the forced dismissal of Ukrainian KGB was a part of one united important what kind of election law we adopt; our assignment is to pass a law so 400 generals by Yeltsin. • security system for the USSR, "99 per­ that people come to vote. What kind of Parliament is chosen is not our problem." The Russian Security Ministry inher­ cent of our activities are directed exclu­ This example illustrates the total lack of commitment to change in this coun­ ited practically the entire foreign intelli­ sively towards the interests of sovereign try, in the face of econoniic collapse and political instability. gence apparatus of the former Soviet Ukraine."4 ; The Ukrainian president has no vision; resistance to breaking with the past KGB (First, Eighth, Sixteenth Main After working for the glory of the is causing Ukraine to lag far behind all the other former Soviet republics and Administrations, the Military Main Communist Party and sovereign Ukraine, threatening its very independence. The master of double talk continues to play Intelligence Administration and the Mr. Holushko will now be working in the all sides and is not willing to make a commitment to progress, taking a stand Space Intelligence Center). The new interests of Russia. His inside knowledge against the forces resisting change. Security Ministry is one of the most dan­ of both the Ukrainian environment, It will be an uphill, treacherous battle for the democrats to win seats in the gerous legacies of the Soviet past, and where he worked four years, and the for­ next Parliament; there are too few of them to battle the powers that be, the ruling how it will supposedly strengthen mer Ukrainian KGB will be indispens­ nomenklatura and its strong grip on Ukraine's economic and political system. Russia's new democracy or pervert it able to the Russian leadership. His pro­ Only time will tell who the winners will be in the March elections to remains to be seen. tege and former deputy, Mr. Marchuk, Parliament. However, one thing is sure: if the current leaders remain in power, Mr. Holushko was bom in 1937 and is a now heads his opposite structure in the people of Ukraine will be the real losers. Ukrainian by nationality. He finished Ukraine. What will be their relationship? Tomsk State University and is a jurist by Will Holushko activate former agents in education. In 1959-1963 he worked in the Ukraine on behalf of Russia? procurator's office in the Kuzbas and from Mr. Holushko will provide an invaluable 1963 in the KGB, where he rose to the rank contribution in directing Russia's more of lieutenant-general. In 1989 he was elect­ aggressive and interventionist policies ed to the Congress of People's Deputies towards the Near Abroad where the "Jewel where he worked on the Supreme Soviet in the Crown" is Ukraine. At the very least, Commission on Crime, Law and Order. Ukrainian leaders should be aware of this What makes Holushko's appointment new potentially dangerous development; interesting is his Ukrainian background. In Among the many examples of Russians sympathetic to yet it seems to have slipped them by. May 1987 the chairman of the Ukrainian Ukrainian causes was the eminent surgeon, anatomist, educator KGB, Lt.-Gen. Stepan Mukha, was and civic figure, Nikolai Pirogov. Dr. Pirogov was bom in 1 See Victor Yasmann, "Where Has the KGB replaced by Mr. Holushko. Mr. Mukha Moscow on November 25, 1810, and after completing his medical studies, he served ОопеГ' RFE/RL Research Report, Vol. 2, No. 2 was transferred to the "armed forces (January 8, 1993). and Alexander Rahr, "The as professor of surgery at the university in Doфat (1836-1840) and St. Petersburg reserve" after a scandal concerning the (1841-1856). Revival of a Strong KGB, RFE/RL Research illegal arrest of journalists in Report, Vol. 2, No. 20 (May 14,1993). Diinng the Crimean War (1853-1856), Dr. Pirogov contributed to the study of Voroshilovohrad (now Luhansk). Mr. hemorrhagic and traumatic shock and made advancements in the treatment of gunshot 2 See Taras Kuzio, *The Security Service of Ukraine — A Transformed Ukrainian KGB?" wounds. Taras Kuzio is a research associate at Jane's Intelligence Review, March 1993. After the war. Dr. Pirogov was appointed superintendent of the Odessa (1856- the International Institute for Strategic 3 Radianska Ukraina, Augst 9, 1988. 1858) and Kyyiv (1858-1861) school districts. He expanded the local school systems Studies in London. 4 Vechirnyj Kyyiv, July 1991. and was instrumental in the founding of the Odessa University. Dr. Pirogov encouraged the opening of Sunday schools in the Kyyiv district and evert advocated the use of Ukrainian as the language of instruction. He opposed early speci^ization t)r "streaming" of pupils and discrimination based on nationality or UNH Fund for the Rebirth of Ukraine class. Unfortunately, his liberal education policies drew fire from the tsarist authori­ The Home Office of the Ukrainian National ties and ultimately led to his dismissal. Association reports that, as of November 17, the frater­ In 1866, Dr. Pirogov settled on an estate in Vyshnia, near Vinnytsia, where he nal organization's newly established Fund for the worked as a consultant on military medicine and surgery during the Franco-Prussian Rebirth of Ukraine has received 16,406 checks from Its (1870-1871) and Russo-Turkish (1877-1888) wars. He also wrote about anesthesia members with donations totalling $413,928.68 The con­ and surgical techniques. He died on his estate in December 1881. tributions Include Individual members' donations, as The medical institutes in Odessa and Vinnytsia are named after Dr. Pirogov, and in well as returns of members' dividend checks and Inter­ 1947 his estate was converted into a museum. B. Mohylevsky's biography of the sur­ est payments on promissory notes. geon and educator was published in Kyyiv in 1953. Please make checks payable to: 'Source: "Pirogov, Nikolai," Encyclopedia of Ukraine, Vol. 3, (Toronto: University of UNA Fund for the Rebirth of Ukraine. Toronto Press, J 993). No. 47 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1993

LETTER TO THE EDITOR and were reaching out to us for guidance. J^aces and^Caces Calling on Ukrainian Since then a certain degree of contact has been maintained and some concrete fea­ by Myron B. Kuropas students with vision sible ideas have been formulated. They have ideas for projects in tourism, Dear Editor: exchanges (both cultural and education­ All things are not as they once were! al) and numerous other cooperative Take a good look around at business, efforts, however it seems that they have The Kravchenko Saga nowhere to turn. Where are the students politics and the world in general, and you I remember it as if it was yesterday. Victor Kravchenko warned that it was will see that the world into which we who can work at this end and be part of their vision? The war was over and my dad had just foolish for American officials to believe were born is not the same one in which traded in his faithful, black and slightly that the Soviets would never produce we live. The same can be said about the No matter where we turn, whether as battered 1939 Pontiac for a brand-new, nuclear weapons or that Stalin was sin­ \ctivity of Ukrainian students worldwide. students or young professionals looking black Dodge. The car was parked on a cere in his commitment to disarmament. Those who were once inactive due to for work, employers are always looking farm my folks owned near Three Rivers, "I Chose Freedom" was eventually their circumstances are now active, and for some quality, some characteristic that Mich, and I, intoxicated by the new car translated into 22 different languages, those who were once active have become sets one out from the plain masses. smell, was sitting in the back seat. severely undermining the credibility of the silent. Unemployment has reached epidemic I was 13 years old and I was in that USSR. It was obvious to the Kremlin that I remember when students' organiza­ proportions as industry and business Dodge reading 'T Choose Freedom" by Victor Kravchenko had to be discredited. tions organized demonstrations, carried restructure and rationalize for the 21st Victor Kravchenko. My dad had bought On November 13, 1947, an article tided out letter-writing campaigns and lobbied century. With this in mind, what steps it for me when he was in Jersey City "How Kravchenko was Manufactured" government on various Ukrainian topics are students taking that will make them attending a UNA Supreme Assembly appeared in Les Lettres Francais, a French throughout North America, and much of stand out from all the others competing meeting. It was my first "adult" book, Communist newspaper. It alleged that "I this was before my activity as a student. for a smaller piece of a shrinking pie? I and I couldn't put it down. Chose Freedom" was a scam produced by All of this was done for the recognition would suggest the following as a con­ For me, the book was a thriller. It the American Secret Service to defame of human rights, the Ukrainian Church, structive building of experience, and chronicled the rise of communism in the the Soviets and that Victor Kravchenko and for the freedom of Ukraine in gener­ opportunity for students who would like Soviet Union and exposed, succinctly was a drunken incompetent who was al. Now what do we see? Not much of to be a part of the vision of students in and unequivocally, the horrors of about to be returned to the Soviet Union to anything at all, and those who are active Ukraine. For example, I know there is a must be commended for their efforts. It is Stalinism. Many pages were devoted to face charges when the Americans inter­ possible need for a coordinator to work the 1932-1933 terror-famine in Ukraine, vened and convinced him to defect. Urged true that we are living in a "New World in conjunction with the Canadian confirming, once and for all in my mind, on by Cynthia, Mr. Kravchenko sued the Order," but our work is far from com­ Federation of Students on marketing trips what my father had been telling me about journal for libel. plete; in fact, it has only truly begun. to Ukraine for students through their In the world of business we are con­ Travel Cuts network as a joint venture Stalin for as long as I could remember. The Soviets produced a'host of wit­ stantly hearing that there is a need for with students in Ukraine. A number of Because of who he was, Mr. nesses during the 1949 trial, including Mr. leaders who have a "vision." What is the publishing projects in the area of educa­ Kravchenko's book was also incontro­ Kravchenko's Soviet wife and the mother vision of the student leadership in North tion are in the works, and agreements are vertible evidence of the truth expounded of his son Valentin, in an attempt to smear America? Does one exist? What concrete being secured for copyrights in Ukraine. by the Ukrainian American community. the defector, but it backfired: At the end of actions are student organizations like Victor Kravchenko was a Soviet offi­ a sensational six-week trial, which was SUSTA and SUSK taking? These are but a few examples that cial working in Washington who, on covered by the world press, Victor illustrate the opportunities which exist Since my first meetings with April 1, 1944, boarded a train for New Kravchenko emerged victorious. The trial and that we should reach out for. Student Ukrainian student leaders at the SUSK York City, checked into a seedy New became the basis of another book, "I Congress in Ottawa in the summer of leaders in Ukraine still look to us for York hotel, and surfaced a few days later Chose Justice," published in 1950. 198І9, it was perfectly clear that these stu­ guidance in a number of areas, and we on the pages of The New York Times to In 1958, Victot Kravchenko learned dents had a vision of their future. They shduld be looking to them for experiences condemn the Soviet tjnion as a totalitari­ that his father, mother and brother's chil­ had a pretty clear idea of where they that cannot be gained in the everyday an state. dren, all of those mentioned in his book wanted to be, and more or less had an workforce. Although my focus in this let- Significantly, Victor Kravchenko had and many he met over the years had idea of how they were going to get there. (Continued on page 16) placed himself "under the protection of either been killed or imprisoned for their American public opinion" rather than the association with him. U.S. government. He apparently knew On February 25, 1966, Victor that any Soviet citizen asking for asylum Kravchenko was found dead in his New ANNIVERSARY GREETINGS in the U.S. during the war years would York apartment, allegedly a suicide. In have been turned over to Stalin's hench­ his will, he stipulated that he be cremated men immediately. and that his ashes be held until they Rep. Benjamin A. Gilman Accusing the Soviet government of a could be scattered on the Dnipro River. "double-faced" foreign policy with Although he never, to my knowledge, Dear Ms. Hadzewycz: respect to the United States, Kravchenko openly professed to be a Ukrainian It gives me great pleasure to congratulate the Ukrainian National Association on denounced Stalin as a brutal dictator nationalist, I always viewed him as a the 60th anniversary of its newspaper. The Ukrainian Weekly. responsible for the death of millions. The Ukrainian patriot, a person of extraordi­ During the last 60 years, the people of Ukraine have seen a tumultuous history Soviets, of course, immediately con­ nary personal courage willing to stand up unfold. They have endured the hardship of famine and enjoyed the triumph of democ­ demned Mr. Kravchenko as a traitor who to Stalin at a time when most Americans ratic independence. Throughout the years. The Ukrainian Weekly has kept a watchful wanted to avoid service in the Red Army. wanted to believe the Soviet dictator was eye on the changing times and been an excellent source of information for Ukrainian At a time when the United States was a closet democrat. Americans and Americans of all backgrounds. officially allied with Stalinist Russia to Over the years, the name Victor I heartily congratulate The Ukrainian Weekly for its incredible achievement and make "the world safe for democracy," Kravchenko faded from memory. wish it and us another 60 years and more of its invaluable reporting. Roosevelt's White House did not take Recently, I discovered that there was more With best wishes. kindly to the defection. According to reli­ to the Kravchenko story. I learned, as Paul able sources. President Roosevelt insisted Sincerely, Harvey would say, "the rest of the story." that Mr. Kravchenko be deported if it Benjamin A. Gilman It was not until 1964 that Andrew could be proven that he was a deserter. Ranking Republican Member Kravchenko, who was raised on his U.S. House of Representatives Before action could be taken against mother's Arizona ranch, learned that Mr. Kravchenko however, he wisely Victor Kravchenko, the "family friend" went into hiding. President Roosevelt called "Tato" with whom he and his Sen. Howard M. Metzenbaum died and the war ended. brother Anthony spent time in New York "I Chose Freedom" was published in and New Hampshire, was in fact his Dear Ms. Hadzewycz: 1946 and remained on the best seller list father. He adopted his father's surname throughout the spring and summer» It and in 1987 began to research his father's I was delighted to learn that the Ukrainian Weekly celebrated its 60th anmversш^ was about this time that Kravchenko met history. Anthony, meanvfhile, had died on October. This is a magnificent achievement. Cynthia Kuser, an independently prematurely in 1969. Over the past 60 years. The Ukrainian Weekly has become a prominent provider of wealthy, blond beauty of high intellect, Persecuted by the Soviets for being the information regarding Ukraine's struggle for independence. In 1918, the Ukrainian conversant in several languages. She son of a "traitor," Andrew's half-brother, people proclaimed their freedom and self-determination by declaring an independent took Victor under her wing and was the Valentin, eventually adopted his moth­ Ukrainian National Republic. For 70 years thereafter, Ukraine suffered with many mother of two of his sons, Anthony and er's maiden name Bodrov, Threatened on other nations under Soviet repression. Ukraine's independence is one of the many Andrew, both of whom she legally and off over theyears, he, was finally great blessings of the USSR's dissolution. Ukraine maintained its religion, culture and adopted and raised. sentenced to six years in a labor camp in language despite decades of Communist oppression. The Ukrainian Weekly has Late in July of 1947, Victor 1982. In 1991, he gained access to KGB played a crucial role in preserving the dream of Ukrainian freedom and culture. Kravchenko testified before the House files and concluded that his father had I salute the proud people who have made publication of The Ukrainian Weekly a Un-American Activities Committee, been murdered. That same year he reality over the past 60 years. declaring that "every responsible repre­ learned of the existence of Andrew. On January 3, 1992, Andrew and Very sincerely yours, sentative of the Soviet government in the Valentin, the two living sons of Victor Howard M. Metzenbaum United States may be regarded as an eco­ U.S. Senator nomic or political spy." Long before the Kravchenko, met in Phoenix for the first USSR detonated its first atomic bomb. time. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21,1993 No. 47 Three U.S. cities cited for developing sister city ties with Ukraine The Sister Cities Program, which has slowly begun to Bohodukhiv is a small town (population 20,000) near and cooperation that will promote individual friendships catch on in Ukraine, awarded achievement citations toKharki v with very primitive living conditions, as noted and the interchange of ideas, goods and services three U,S, municipalities for their work in developing by the visiting mayor of Boyertown, and with virtually between the people of Cincinnati and the people of relations with individual cities in Ukraine at their 37th no infrastructure. Bohodukhiv is the agricultural market­ Kharkiv." annual Sister Cities International Conference, The ing center for the surrounding cooperative farms. The I strongly recommend the quarterly publication affair, whose theme was ''The Dawning of a New area's rich black soil produces wheat, oats, millet and "Gazetta," which brings the most recent updates and can World," was held in Houston, Texas, in July, sugar beets. Apple, pear and plum orchards also add to serve as a wonderful resource for ideas and inspiration. The conference drew 750 participants from most the rich harvest. It can serve as proof positive of what motivated and states and about 120 international delegates, and pre­ Boyertown collected medical equipment, medicines committed individuals can accomplish. sented 14 awards including special achievment awardsan d other useful medical supplies and shipped them via For a copy or subscription write to: The Cincinnati- to the U.S. partner of the sister cities of Cincinnati, a closed container to Bohodukhiv, where a hospital was Kharkiv Sister City Project, 3620 Carew Tower, 441 Ohio, and Kharkiv; Sonoma, Calif, and Kaniv; and being built. Boyertown, a city of 4,000 was able to raise Vine St., Cincinnati, Ohio 45202. Boyertown, Pa., and Bohodukhiv, near Kharkiv. over $5,000 in addition to the medical supplies for its In a recent letter to me, Cincinnati-Kharkiv Siste The program was established in 1956 by then sister city. A Boyertown delegation personally delivered Cities Project Administrator Kathy Morley wrote: "Our President Dwight D. Eisenhower to involve people and the supplies in August 1992. Dr. Willard Grubb chaired partnership has been special because of the marvelous organized groups in personal diplomacy throughout theth e ad hoc committee. The Boyertown Rotary Club con­ friendship Cincinnatians and Kharkivites feel for each world. Today, Ukraine has more than 20 sister city affil­tributed significantly to make this happen, while the other. Our people really love each other and became iations with the West, with more planned for the near Funds for Democracy furnished a container and took 'family' with unexpected, breathtaking speed. In addition, future. care of the shipping arrangements. the organizational effort and responsibility in both cities Following are profiles of the three aforementioned Boyertown also brought Tanya Knysh, a 5-year-old has been outstanding. In both cities, fine people of good award-winning sister city relationships girl, to the city for surgery on a skull injury that she had will and broad vision find that interacting and working sustained at age 4. Dr. Grubb arranged for her care and together toward our shared goals enriches our experience Sonoma - Kaniv treatment. Surgery was successfully performed by Dr. and gives tomorrow additional hope and promise." Gregory Lignelli at the Pottstown Memorial Medical My first encounter with a representative of the by Virginia I. Alexander Center. As a result, Tanya now has the opportunity to Cincinnati-Kharkiv delegation in Houston was at a ses­ A special achievement award for medical assistance grow up to be a normal adult. The community in sion where the topic covered was working with sister was awarded by Readers Digest to Sonoma, Calif., for Boyertown through the sister cities program, responded cities in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. its "Lions in Sight" project. This project was a sister to provide transportation for Tanya, arranged for home- The tone was not too positive. Having enumerated all cities effort to make things "a little clearer" for the peo­ stays and absorbed costs which totalled more than the problems, one delegate suggested that the best alter­ ple of Kaniv. An initiative started in Sonoma resulted in $500,000 — a truly remarkable achievement for this native might be to consider a sister city in Germany or the collection of over 6,000 eyeglasses for the residents small community. France instead. It was then that Marilyn Braun of the of their sister city. Volunteers sorted, cleaned, processed In 1992, Charles and Ariene Butts, members of Sister Cincinnati-Kharkiv delegation suggested that possibly and packaged the "recycled eyeglasses." Cities of Boyertown, purchased an ambulance, which they should consider a Ukrainian sister city because they overhauled and painted. In January of this year, the their experience had been wonderful. ambulance and another container with $2,000 worth of medical supplies was shipped to Bohodukhiv by the Sister Cities International Fund for Democracy. Boyertown's interest in forming a relationship with by Chrystia Sonevytsky Bohodukhiv started in 1983. Their attempts to establish The slogan for the sister cities program is "Peace a link were without any success for the next five years. Through People" which means "a stronger relationship, Letters attempting to establish a link were unanswered. a deeper understanding than governments can ever legis­ In 1988, Irving and Jennifer HoUingshead of Boyertown late." participated in a peace walk through Ukraine. It was The awards received by the Sister Cities of during that trip, after they returned to Kyyiv, that the Boyertown-Bohodukhiv, Cincinnati-Kharkiv and Hollingsheads took a train to Kharkiv and went to Sonoma-Kaniv are vivid examples of this sentiment. Bohodukhiv. They were warmly received, and soon Since I was able to be present at the Sister Cities after their return to the States once again initiated the International Conference in Houston, I would like to necessary contacts that finally resulted in the twinning share with you some additional observations and of the two towns. thoughts. It was my desire to learn about the activities of There is great interest in Ukraine. There is also very Boyertown vis-a-vis its sister city of Bohodukhiv, which little knowledge about Ukraine. Hence, there is a fear of brought me an envelope filled with news clippings. This the unknown that needs to be bridged. You, the reader truly overwhelmed me. In addition to the excellent med­ ical help provided to its sister city, the residents of (Continued on page 20) Boyertown have been actively pursuing teacher and stu­ dent exchanges with the Boyertown School District superintendent Dr. Alan F. Fager in the lead. Cincinnati-Kharkiv by Chrystia Sonevytsky I Douglass Alexander Dr. Wayne Cannon and Emily Clopton, the A special Reader's Digest award was presented to the sister city delegation of Cincinnati-Kharkiv for its pro­ Alexanders' granddaughter, with a box of eyeglasses. gram in the area of education and training. A quote from the Sister Cities International In June 1992, a delegation headed by Dr. Wayne Conference program reads: Cannon, a Sonoma optometrist, and his team of doctors "At this crucial time for the former Soviet republics, and technicians traveled to Ukraine at their own the exchange between Cincinnati and Kharkiv in expense, donating their vacation time and medical February 1992 came at an ideal time. Recognizing their expertise to help the people of Kaniv as part of the sister ability to communicate the need for democratic reform cities initiative. While in Ukraine, they conducted two and change in Ukraine, Cincinnati arranged for a team primary eye care clinics: one in Kyyiv and one in to travel to Kharkiv to evaluate the situation. This was Sonoma's sister city of Kaniv. During the seven days later followed by another group traveling to Kharkiv that these free clinics operated, the ocular health of sev­ with the intention of shedding light on the concept of eral thousand patients was evaluated and necessary democracy to 80 government officials from the region. treatment was provided wherever possible. A great number of the beneficiaries of "Lions in Sight" were "The third phase of this municipal training program Ukrainian children. was the visit of 10 interns from Kharkiv looking to gain hands-on training in municipal government by working This writer, who chairs the Sonoma-Kaniv Sister City alongside local officials. The final phase of the project Committee, was responsible for coordinating all logis­ was the return visit of two Cincinnati delegates to tics, for advance planning arrangements and for on-site Kharkiv to survey the progress achieved by the program. visits to Kyyiv and Kaniv. The positive response received on both sides of the Atlantic has prompted the cities to discuss future pro­ Boyertown-Bohodukhiv jects that will continue to deal with the development of by Chrystia Sonevytsky the fledgling democratic system in Kharkiv." The sister city relationship between Cincinnati and During the 37th Sister Cities International Kharkiv was initiated in March 1989. Since then there Conference, the sister city of Boyertown, Pa., with a has been an ever-growing and active interaction between population of 4,000, was awarded a special achievement the two sister cities, covering a broad spectrum of activi­ I Chrystia Sonevytsky award in the area of medical assistance. The recipients ties as reflected in their mission statement which reads, Virginia and Douglass Alexander display Sonoma's of this medical assistance were the residents of "The mission of the Cincinnati-Kharkiv Sister City Readers Digest Special Achievement Award for Bohodukhiv — its sister city. Project is to create a climate of goodwill, understanding medical assistance to Kaniv. No. 47 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21,1993

UKRAINE: TWO YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE Ukraine's economic crisis, its causes and prospects for resolution Dr. Oleh Havrylyshyn is alternate executive directornomi c situation is so serious it threatens to undermine Both assessments also suggest the main cause of the on the board of directors of the International Monetary that independence. Then, one can agree to disagree on problem is Ukraine's own economic policies. While I Fund, representing a group of countries including the the remedies for the economic crisis, but accept that all broadly agree with this, I wish to elaborate somewhat in Netherlands, Ukraine and several other member-states proposals — for accelerated market reforms, for stronger two directions. First, I will address frequently heard of the IMF. During all of 1992 he served as special government discipline and regulations — are equally arguments that external factors put Ukraine on an advisor and deputy minister of finance of Ukraine. patriotic in their emotional intent, but differ in their intel­ inevitable path to economic deterioration. Second, while Bom in Ukraine, he grew up in Brazil and Canada, andlectua l judgment. On this basis, a constructive debate can for an outside official observer or private business has worked professionally, principally in Canada and thebe conducted without a destructive divisiveness. investor it suffices to say "they need to get their house in U.S., but has travelled extensively to over 50 countries, order," for insiders deeply concerned about Ukraine, it studying, researching, lecturing and working as economic The extent of the economic crisis is important to go deeper and ask: "Why is the house not advisor with country governments and international insti­Almost no disagreement exists about the critical and in order?" In other words, what is the root cause of the tutions. He speaks fluent Ukrainian, English and French,deterioratin g state of the Ukrainian economy. Prime economic policy failure? Consider first external factors. and has a working knowledge of several other languages. Minister Leonid Kuchma's statement to Parliament on Unfavorable external factors Upon completing a Ph.D. in economics at the August 30 ^ repeated the list of ills: production contin­ Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1972, he ues to decline in most sectors, inflation which had at There is a long list of difficulties facing the new became a professor of economics at Queen's University least ceased its upward spiral in the early spring and Ukrainian nation which one might categorize as external in Kingston, Ontario, and later at George Washingtonfluctuate d between 20 and 30 percent per month, has by factors. I will concentrate on the three most important ones University in Washington, as well as a visiting professorno w certainly exceeded this rate and perhaps reached that may partly explain the present situation: Ukraine was at Universite Libre de Bruxelles, the University of the hyperinflationary figure of 50 percent per month part of Й1Є ruble zone; Ukraine is completely dependent on Geneva and the Institute for World Economy in Kyyiv. (about 10,000 percent per year). The karbovanets has Russia for net energy requirements; and Ukraine was a He has written numerous articles in professional jour­plunged in black market value from 1,000 kbv/$ in colony of Moscow with the implicit inheritance of a very nals on international economics and finance, as well as January 1993 to nearly 20,000 by mid-October, and undeveloped administrative capacity in several areas several books, including "Planning in Tunisia'* (1976),fro m 3 kbv/ruble to 10 kbv/ruble. Ukraine's balance of important to economic management and nation-building. *The Direction of Developing Country Exports" (1985),payment s is in a very large deficit (perhaps $2 billion or The high inflation in 1992 is certainly explainable "Evolution of Trade Policies in Poland" (in Polish, more), largely with Russia, which is its sole source of largely by continued participation in the ruble zone. But 1990), "From Soviet disUnion to Eastern Economic petroleum imports. the reasoning is not as simple as many Ukrainian politi Community?" (1991), and his personal favorite, the first Ukrainian-language textbook on principles of economics, "Osnovni Elementy Teoriy Rynkovoyi Systemy" (1992). The views expressed in this paper are those of the The statistic most telling of Ukraine's economic plight is its author and do not necessarily reflect the position of the dubious honor of being included among the top three high-infla­ IMF or the Ukrainian government. The following paper was delivered at the conference tion economies in the world today^ alongside Brazil and Zaire. "Ukraine: Two Years of Independence," held on October 8-9 at York University, Toronto. by Dr. Oleh Havrylyshyn The most recent IMF publication on Ukraine describes cians and parliamentarians were fond of stating: "Russia the situation through 1992 and to mid-1993 as follows: has high inflation and by being part of the ruble zone we PARTI "Developments in money and credit during 1992 reflect­ import inflation from Russia." Two years have passed since what we may call 'The ed, above all, the absence of a coherent framework for The case of two other states in the region — Third Ukrainian Republic*' ' began its efforts at rebuild­ monetary policy. The control of inflation was at best a Azerbaijan and Moldova—show the fault ip this over­ ing the Ukrainian nation. Unlike the first two and espe­ subordinate objective [of policy], and this was reflected simplified logic. Through at least mid-1992 and even cially the second — this third revival has been widely during 1992 in accelerating monetary growth, a rapidly later, the central banks of these two countries conducted accepted diplomatically by the world community, with depreciating exchange rate, and the emergence of dan­ a classical, restrictive monetary policy, trying to limit over 100 nations, including all major ones, recognizing gerously high rates of increase in prices." ^ expansion of money supply and bank credits to enter­ Ukraine and quickly establishing official legations. Some This has worsened since, and a much blunter assess­ prises "— with some success! Their inflation rates were confidence in the permanence of the Third Republic may ment is given by the Investment Firm Morgan Stanley in indeed lower than in Russia. But the cost was that lower be given by facts such as the continued expansion of the its strategy brief on Ukraine: *The economy is suffering prices for their goods caused an outflow of these goods, U.S. Embassy staff in Kyyiv to nearly 100 by the end of from hyperinflation, severe declines in output, a budget exacerbating the shortages already prevalent, and result­ the year. This gives some confidence, but not enough. deficit amounting to around 50 percent of GDP and a ing in two reactions. First, and without much success, The bastion of Ukrainian independence is far from rapidly depreciating currency. And it is going to get restrictions were imposed on exports. Second, they fully built and impregnable. In particular, the greatest much worse. Social pain caused by exorbitant food finally gave up the futile attempt to conduct/a monetary immediate danger is that the economic wall of this bas­ costs, despite the rich abundance of natural resources policy less restrictive than Russia's (or Ukraine's in the tion is not only still unbuilt, but whatever there was of it and agricultural land, is the price of the authorities' case of Moldova), until there was a separate curi-ency. is crumbling, leaving a dangerous fault in the structure. repeated failure to instigate reform. It's recipe for disas­ In Ukraine, this effort at greater monetary restrictive- The danger this poses is probably not any external threat ter, a potential explosion just waiting to happen." ^ ness never even seriously occurred in 1992 except peihaps of a military sort ,2 but rather that continued economic The statistic most telling of Ukraine's economic for a month or two immediately after the January 1 price instability and deterioration undermine the coherence of plight is its dubious honor of being included among the liberalization in Russia. But it would have been doomed to the entire structure of this bastion, and — to finish with top three high-inflation economies in the world today, the same failure had it been tried. As many Western econ­ the analog — poses the risk of the structure caving in on alongside Brazil and Zaire. omists came to realize by eariy 1992, a single currency for itself, with the other walls of language, culture, domestic the 15 independent states of die former USSR, each with politics, international diplomacy, military strength, an autonomous central bank and its own government bud­ falling for lack of the economic buttress. get, was a recipe for inflation. This author argued in 1991 The зЬафІу deteriorating state of the economy can no that the continued use of a single currency would mean longer be put into second or third place among of tasks more of the member-states of the ruble area would have an for the architects of the Ukrainian nation, but must be incentive to be frugal or restrictive, but instead would be jiven first priority. In this article I will first describe encouraged to run the biggest possible budget deficit, briefly the economic crisis, then the causes of this eco­ issue as much credit as possible, thereby push up prices nomic deterioration and the prospects for a resolution. for goods in their countries faster than elsewhere, with the There are several external contributing factors— politi­ consequence that such goods would flow in from their cal and economic pressures, historical circumstances. neighbors.6 Not doing so would give the results described More important at this moment may be Ukraine's own, above for Moldova and Azerbaijan. internal political economy problem: a failure to move From this logic came the argument for separate cur­ forward on reform and stabilization of the inflationary rencies: "by placing the responsibility for monetary poli­ and budgetary situation. There are two aspects of this cy with the same political unit that pulls the fislcal trigger economic crisis I will consider: its fundamental causes, (Continued on page 17) and the potential for Western financial assistance. Before all this, however, let me address an issue that ' After Kyyivan Rus', the Kozak state was the first threatens to divide the people in Ukraine and in the Republic, 1917 marked the beginning of the second, and 1991 Ukrainian diaspora: Should one rally around the flag the beginning of the third. and be patient with the mistakes of a two-year country, 2 Any potential enemies are in the immediate future, unable or should one be frank and openly critical in the hope of or unwilling to take such radical steps, or worse, may feel they seeing these mistakes corrected? need only wait for Ukraine to fall into their hands. Like all analogies, the two-year-old baby analogy has 3 The Ukrainian Weekly, September 5, 1995. ' some validity but also has its limits; it is a dangerous ^ IMF, Economic Review, No. 10, Ukraine, September analogy if it is misused to label critics as unpatriotic, and 1993, p.31. indeed lead to the very divisiveness it is intended to 5 Morgan Stanley Investment Research, Ukraine: The Big, The Bad and The Beautiful, August 13, 1993.. avoid. There is another way to prevent divisiveness, ^ Oleh Havrylyshyn and John Williamson, "from Soviet which starts from the premise that all Ukrainians share disunion to Eastern Economic Comipunity?" Washington: the goal of independence, and further they agree the eco­ Dr. Oleh Havrylyshyn Institute for International economics, October 1991. 10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21,1993 No. 47 TEACHING ENGLISH IN UKRAINE: partment. "But there were no tickets avail­ a woman, Sofia. And the swells and Uman, with her soft sign, is a woman able for soft berths," I told them. cleavages went on through the park. "Oh?" they said. "Is that what they Uman has grown from a little cross­ by Matthew-Daniel Stremba learn more about these queue customs told you? We just observed from the plat­ roads by a little river to frontier fortress from my hosts in Uman. form how many berths in the forward to a kind of county seat now straddling "Умань." The "м'який знак" (soft When my turn came, finally, I leaned cars were still fresh, never occupied." both river banks. It is not the oblast cen­ sign) should have been a clue of sorts. into the postage-stamp-size opening in (When you think of it, just how many ter, just the raion center. When you've studied a little Ukrainian, the plexiglass and spilled out some people could be going to Uman?) Day after day throughout July, I never you come away knowing at least how to Ukrainian words requesting a one-way My hosts easily theorized that the tired of the tree-shaded dusty streets and recognize the nouns of feminine gender. ticket "до Уманя." The slender pretty young clerk in Kyyiv had been setting the fenced-in one-story houses where Besides those with the ending "-a," clerk barely took me in. She bluntly stat­ me up to plead for a better place, which some of the city's approximately 100,000 there are those remarkable few on a spe­ ed there were only tickets on the "общий customarily ends up by offering the clerk souls continue to live without running cial list that simply come to a close with­ вагон." out any real ending, requiring an un- money over and beyond what such a seat water. (Streetside standpipes - "колонки" Oh, I remembered hearing about this American palatalization of the tongue. sells for. They were sure that was it. And, - serve these inhabitants in all seasons.) kind of train car, hard shelves instead of "Вість. Сіль. Тінь." But there I was the exchange rate being what it was, for Roosters crow, scratch and strut berths, the density of passengers not telling friends in Kyyiv that I was head­ an American it wouldn't have been very behind and in between these rural-look­ much different from a labor camp-transit ing "до Уманя" (to Uman), and no one much at all. ing structures. Here, a white goat - teth­ train. But at least the ticket assigns me a corrected me. And I was congratulating "But still," they wanted to know, "why ered on a grassy strip between sidewalk space. Hey, I can handle a hard seat, if I myself for mastery of such a noun's geni­ hadn't you arranged in advance with and street. There, on another such strip - have a reserved place. tive, for I had neatly avoided the stupidi­ Prosvita in Kyyiv to get you to Uman?" the grass was turned over for a vegetable "MecTO, общий вагон." Russian still ty of "до У мана"! "До Умані," I was sure that's what patch already thriving. is the most frequently occurring language Uman, less than 150 miles south of they said. Boys with matted hair and wiry bodies on the streets of Kyyiv. Kyyiv, was my summer assignment for Yes, "Умань," with her soft sign, is a played in the dirt or fishing in the pond. I will not spend time telling you what Teaching English in Ukraine '93, the joint woman. And I, for my part, was sure that, Neatly dressed teenage girls walking an awful experience nine hours on an project of the Ukrainian National had I at the Kyyiv train station said prop­ barefoot but carrying their hoes the better "общий вагон" was. How it was impossi­ Association in New Jersey and the Prosvita erly "до Умані," that would've spoken to keep them for whatever the destina- ble in the dim-dim lighting and thick-tiiick Ukrainian Language Society headquar­ to the clerk's solidarity with all things fion. On a sunny day there was some­ throng to locate the "место" I bought for tered in Kyyiv. At the Kyyiv train station I feminine, and reflexively she would've thing for me there that was quaintly cheap. How, instead of regaling me with established that the only train going to showed the whole range of train options American: the redolent innocence of bread and salt and vodka, the car's popu­ Uman is a weekly night train, which — to open to me. Of course. Tom Sawyer's town. lation mocked this Yankee's travail. How cover a distance less than that between Well, Uman, quite properly, does not Below these streets and lanes, decay­ I stood until several hours after sunrise in Jersey City and Washington — normally show a flat profile. Our walk from the ing in an era of low-budget maintenance the freezing end of the car, near the odor­ takes nine hours. train station on the south side of town, yet somehow still lovely, are darker iferous toilet. No, none of that. Ah, well, a night on a train would be the suitcases in tow, was up and down things much less romantic. There are the In Uman, finally, by 9 a.m., I was one night 4ess I'd have to impose myself and uphill again. ancient tunnels, sealed off now, that once never so grateful to alight from a train. as someone's guest. During the five hours Thank God my first abode was on the served the city's defenders during the My hosts greeted me first, then expressed I stood in line to buy the ticket, I observed first floor in a five-story building. My horrific assaults of Tatars, Turks, puzzlement. "Why did you opt for the people suddenly appear out of nowhere hosts' home was in a "Khrushchovka," Ukrainians, Poles and Russians. once-a-week train from Kyyiv to Uman? ahead of me in the line. No one but me which is what Soviets called small two- From time to time a pavement here or There are several buses daily; it takes showed annoyance at this jumping ahead. room apartments built in the Khrushchev there will give way and sink into the less than four hours!" Then, several hours into the vigil, I era. After sitting down to a substantial murky depths of previous centuries: old noted other individuals disappearing and "You're kidding!" I later determined meal and drinking several customary dried blood once violently shed - Kozaks reappearing, never losing claim to their that to be true. But at that moment I was toasts and making some easy conversa­ in the hire of the Polish crown, Haidamak tion, we set out again on the south-north spot. Indeed, they weren't really jumping distracted. I thought I had heard them say rebels against the established powers, Pol­ axis, this time free of the baggage, to see the queue. It was all, I began to see, a "до Умані." ish gentry and Jewish leaseholders. more of Uman. going-and-coming in accordance with They also were astonished that I bought Orthodox Christians and Uniate clergy, some long-standing tradition practiced in the cheapest ticket, when for a little more Up-up and then down-down into the public-transport ticket lines. I was to money I could have been in a "soft" com­ park built by Count Potocki, named after (Continued on page 21)

"cleaning the (entire) house" (read: female about one kilogram of butter, the sacrifice Yosyf and the wild boars of Ternopil activity) and "helping with some chores," and planning my host family went through (read: male activity). Some social prob­ to take care of me will never be forgotten. by Dr. Mary Danysh was off and running — improving my lems are international. In fact, Ukrainian generosity impressed Ukrainian while in Ukraine was a daily Our language lessons were so pleasur­ me more than everything else I experienced if anyone is interested in getting the source of excitement for me, and people able sometimes that things got out of — people who could afford nothing for true story on how much "kovbasa" the were so kind with their compliments that hand. I thought it would be a nice idea to themselves gave me the most beautiful gifts average monthly salary in Ukraine can they were outright liars. tell a story as a group — each person — and the giving will be treasured by me. buy, consuming as much of that kovbasa My first encounter with my students, adding a few sentences in turn, with the My time in Ukraine on this program and other Ukrainian delicacies as they college age and older, was of the very last concluding. СДП eat and finding themselves friends pleasant kind — they were so eager to was a wonderful balance of doing some­ for life with about 16 endearing (if some­ learn about me, American life and the But like every American film that thing practical for others, getting a heck what obstreperous) Ukrainian students, American accent. After class a half- insists on a gratuitous sex scene, these of a lot of enjoyment out of it myself, then they should consider the UNA- dozen of them led me on a spontaneous stories, no matter what the original sub­ meeting relatives and piecing together Prbsvita project "Teaching English in tour of Ternopil, the place of my father's ject matter, would rapidly work their way our family's past, as well as making new Ukraine." I'm not sure if there's a better birth, where I was able to imagine him as around to starring Yosyf (our most friends and having fun with my students. way to get to know — and love — the a boisterous 10-year-old, walking those endearing disrupter and general class On almost every sunny afternoon after Ukrainian people in four short weeks. very same streets with his parents or mascot) and a pack of wild boars, classes, some of us would spend the day Tliis pitch is coming to you not from a friends. And as we walked, I realized I inevitably in Africa. After three or four and evening together taking walks by the "Super Uke" who felt eminently qualified had made my first friends, my students. attempts at this, Yosyf and the wild boars lake, sitting to rest in the many parks, as a volunteer, but from a slighdy prodi­ Our class met four hours a day, became like some chronic ailment or boating on catamarans, drinking coffee in gal Ukrainian American daughter residing Monday through Friday, for four weeks. recurring nightmare, and I was forced to cafes, and going on amusement rides. i4^hana. West Africa, and taking Twi The hours would actually fly by because do away with this exercise. We talked about everything — in rather than Ukrainian language lessons. the students were always a pleasure, even On the home front, I enjoyed being put Ukrainian and in English. I can now say In fact, my mother did all the footwork when they were chronically disruptive. on the Ukrainian rapid weight-gain plan. I've had some great nights out on my for me, enlisting me in the program and Even that afforded some fun because I There was no traditional delicacy that my father's town. Because it became my notifying all relatives and friends that her got a special charge out of disciplining host mother couldn't prepare, and no word town, too — thanks to my students. still unmarried disco-loving, absent- my elder brother's namesake. was mortifying enough for the person who My father concluded his time in minded professor of a daughter was on In our class we laughed a lot and I didn't manage to take five helpings. Ternopil as a young boy, in 1944, play­ her way from Africa to teach in Ukraine. think they learned a lot. We varied our I was voluntarily smothered in all the ing games in his street with his friends, As for me, I spent the time before my day with paired conversation time, pyrohy, hrechana kasha, cutiets, holubtsi, as young boys do. journey agonizing over the horrible state viciously competitive spelling bees, and nalysnyky and torte I could eat. And the Thanks to Ukraine's recent independence of my Ukrainian-language skills — that harrowing accounts of what they did over freshness of their vegetables! I frankly and this summer teaching project, I was of a 6-year-old — and petrified that the weekend. admitted to a friend before leaving that I able to continue our family history in Ukrainians would feel they had come Actually, it seems they spent all their would return to Ukraine for its cucum­ Ternopil as a young woman. On Stepan into contact with a Ukrainian American free time berry-picking and house-clean­ bers alone. Bandera Avenue at 1 a.m., one last Saturday of very low I.Q. I was more than pleased ing. I did have to correct some male stu­ My stay with the host family involved night after a farewell dinner at a nice hotel, that my mother had arranged for me to dents, especially the one in my host family more than just feasting — I was treated we sang "Chervona Ruta" and the Beatles' teach the advanced level of English so who boldly proclaimed that "On Saturday I like the earthly manifestation of a long- "Yesterday" with my students at the top of that not a word of Ukrainian need be cleaned my house," when I spent Saturday lost ancestor. Ukrainian hospitality is our lungs. I can't thank them enough. uttered in the classroom. watching his older sister, also my ^ udent, famous to all of us, but in these hard times But a miracle occurred at Lviv аіфогі doing this very task, I may add, with great in Ukraine where, as one woman put it, Dr. Mary Danysh is affiliated with the — I suddenly began to babble in fluent if expertise and thoroughness. I pointed out her and her husband's life savings could department of English at the University of ungrammatical Ukrainian. From there I the difference between the expressions once buy them a car and now buys just Ghana — Legon. No. 47 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1993 Kyyiv's galleries reflect artists' searcti for new expression

by Arcadia Olenska-Petryshyn Ukrainian sources. It was refreshing to note that the Although art theory and criticism has not yet come subject matter was not pri­ into its own in Ukraine, the art scene itself, certainly in marily illustrative but Kyyiv, is surprisingly rich and diverse. Many good rather transformed through artists, who were isolated from Western ideas, now expressive formal devices strive to see their art in the context of universal artistic and presented intuitively. processes. They are aggressive in pursuing their person­ The best works were al artistic goals and are quite articulate in discussions evocative as could be seen about art. They are also the artists who realize that their in surrealistic subjects as work has to be based on individual creativity and not on well as those which allud­ any group ethos. ed to myth and other imag­ There are many more possibilities of exhibiting in inary situations. Kyyiv this year, as existing spaces have become avail­ able to artists and a number of new galleries have The artists' search for opened. There is a sense of excitement at the exhibits, in new possibilities of expres­ spite of the fact that the artists know they are unlikely to sion could be seen in a receive meaningful reviews or to have significant sales number of other galleries of their works. in Kyyiv. An especially The best artists certainly realize that an awareness of well-situated gallery, Ukrainian artistic traditions does not mean a repetition across from the Opera, of schematic and superficial shapes which some identify sponsored by the Associa­ as "Ukrainian." It means the artists' awareness of their tion of Ukrainian Artists, spiritual roots and that traditions are a source of inspira­ held a three-person exhibit tion which nourishes their creativity. That spiritual her­ in June. itage of Ukraine, much of which is yet to be uncovered, I attended the opening is rich indeed. For centuries, historical memory was of the show and found a dulled as monuments and graves were leveled and his­ large number of artists who torical and epic art, as well as any artistic expression of discussed the art works, pride in the past, was forbidden. drank wine, smoked, light­ That which was permitted was mainly the decorative ed candles and behaved aspect of folk art, especially when it was rendered like artists anywhere who Oleksandr Babak and Oleksandr Borodai, installation art; An Old Weaver's schematically. In other words, the function of art was to know that they are free to Loom; wood, copper, enamel; 1988. decorate and embellish rather than to express significant create and relish their new feelings about the Ukrainian heritage. It is not suфrising, artistic milieu. There was a feeling of excitement and expression. The paintings, mostly of landscapes and still therefore, that the new freedom of expression has given optimism which can rarely be sensed during art open­ lifes now seem anonymous and passive. Yet there was a an impetus to art, and that it is flourishing rapidly. ings in the West. The works themselves also showed sense of dynamism in the artists' studios in the early One of the most interesting exhibits in the spring of that intuition, with hints of fantastic settings, rather than 70s, certainly when compared to the official art. I saw 1993 was held in the newly opened Gallery Kyyiv. The illustration, was the preference of the artists. These works with the forbidden religious and Ukrainian sub­ gallery is large with good exhibition spaces and appro­ artists also had well-developed artistic points of view ject matter that once could not be exhibited in public. I priate lighting, and is especially suited for group shows. presented convincingly in their works. remember well one of the apprehensive artists who The spring exhibition included the works of contempo­ A new cultural center, in what was once the Lenin asked me not to mention the pessimism in his works in rary artists from different parts of Ukraine, many of Museum, on the Khreshchatyk also has abundant facili­ my article about him because of feared reprisals. whom had well developed individual expressive styles. ties for exhibits by contemporary artists. The most inter­ The most popular exhibition center in Kyyiv is along Some of the artists were pursuing formal solutions, as in esting of the shows was a group exhibit by artists from the Andriyivsky Uzviz, which is frequented by many non-objective works, but most of them were more inter­ all over the world, including Japan, but mostly by tourists in search of souvenirs. The exhibits there are ested in subject matter renditions, especially in European artists. The few Ukrainian artists who partici­ held in galleries and outdoors, on both sides of the pated in the show held street, weather permitting. Only a few of the galleries their own, although some seem selective in their choices of art works, such as tentative use of form could Skrynia, which has a separate room for crafts and a still be detected. The room of rather well-chosen art works. The ceramics, exhibit was interesting also both on the street and in galleries are most successful, because it presented a especially in the Honchari gallery. unique opportunity to com­ Yet most of the art works exhibited on the pare Ukrainian art with the Andriyivsky Uzviz appeal to the sentimentality of the art beyond its borders. viewers, as can be seen by numerous paintings of The exhibition facilities thatched houses, Kozaks, sunflowers and similar sub­ of the Association of jects. These works show little interest on the part of the Ukrainian Artists itself dis­ artists in self-expression; they are, rather, illustrational played an entirely different renderings of popular themes. exhibition. It contained the The new exposition at the State Museum encompass­ works of some earlier as es Ukrainian art through the centuries up to the 1930s well as contemporary and includes many works which have not been previous­ arrists and was niarkedly ly exhibited. This is especially evident in the room that more timid and derivative. contains many yet unseen works by the Boychukists. Some of the works lacked The total effect of the exposition suffers from the inade­ clarity of statement and quacies of the museum's space, which is much in need there seemed little urgency of restoration. in their expression. The In general, the impression of the art scene in Kyyiv is most disappointing were very favorable because it shows that besides exquisite the non-objective works historical monuments, the city now has much to offer in which seemed irrelevant terms of contemporary artistic activity. and even showed deficien­ cies in painterly tech­ niques. The exhibition mir­ rored the isolation of UIMA updates artists' files Ukrainian artists from Dear Artists: meaningful art processes, Ukrainian Institute of Modern Art is in the which were imitated but process of updating its artists' files. not felt deeply during the Artists of Ukrainian descent, who currentiy are Soviet years. not affiliated with the institute and would like to The same situation be, should send a resume and five to 10 slides of could be observed in an their current art work to the curator of the institute. exhibit "Sixty from the After a review of the slides, the artists will be noti­ 60s." Although the 66s fied about participation in shows in the future. (If were years of protest you wish your slides to be returned, please include against officialdom and the a self-addressed envelope.) artists seemed bold and Address all correspondence to: UIMA, c/o defiant at the time, their Lydia Litwin, 2320 W. Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL exhibit this year was timid 60622. O. Diachenko, "The Return of the Prodigal Son.' and evidenced little self- 12 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1993 No. 47 A PHOTO REVIEW: Five days of the 1

Scenes from the World Congress of Free Ukr< from above: Dr. Mykola Zhulynsky's addresses t Yuri Shymko given civic award by Canadian MP um; WCFU veteran Prof. Jurij Darewych at the m ing outside the Frontenac Ballroom of the Westin Romaniw, WCFU host and UCC president, prepc during Maple Leaf Gardens rally; hierarchs and two scenes from Danovia Stechishin's "famine I chairman Mykola Kushpeta, Mr. Shymko, Dr. & IV Mr. & Mrs. Drach; Ukrainian World Coordinating at third plenary session; presidential candidate WCU president-elect Dmytro Cipywnyk with v keynote address at the famine commemorative re

ВіііІШіІі No. 47 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21,1993 13 t World Congress of Free Ukrainians

;, held in Toronto, November 2-7. Clockwise t plenary session; outgoing WCFU president Flis; the pre-congress meeting of the presidi- ing last plenary; delegates milling and debat- )г Castle hotel, site of plenary sessions; Oleh lad table dignitaries for banquet; flag bearers conducting the moleben for famine victims; dignitaries' dais at the rally, (from left) rally jlynsky, Gen. Morozov, Dr. & Mrs. Cipywnyk, )il President Ivan Orach's emotional address >slav Skrypnyk (left) and Dmytro Cipywnyk; oira; Gen. Kostyantyn Morozov delivering 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1993 No. 47

=1 BOOK NOTE

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ALBANY, N.Y. — Americans for ing students in completing a sample Democracy in Ukraine USA/USA pro­ application and in writing personal ject, which helps highly selected essays. Ukrainian high school students apply to The applicant should have a proven ^ PACKAGE and FOOD Parcel Service ^^ American colleges, has one or two posi­ past interest in Eastern Europe. tions available to co-organize and co- Experience within an admissions office is ZAKARPATSKA, IVANO-FRANKIVSICA manage the third annual advising project highly desirable; knowledge of Ukrainian LVIVSKA and CHERNIVCY OBLAST ran by USA/USA in Ukraine to be held or Russian a plus (seminars are run in June-August, 1994. ENGELMAN Grocery RAHWAY Travel Steven Musey English). The applicant should also have Brooklyn, NY Affiliated students and previous Rahway, NJ Millevllle, NJ strong inteфersonal, team and negotiating 718 436-9709 908 381-8800 609 825-7665 advisees from Ukraine have already won skills; proven ability to initiate projects, to admission and grants to leading American work independently and to travel alone; AUTHORIZED AGENTS universities, among them Williams, Mt. proven ability to raise funds in the United Holyoke, Smith and Dartmouth. States. The position entails the following responsibilities: Funding includes a return airplane • publicizing the project in six major ticket plus local housing, travel and food. The "Chornomortsi" Ukrainian cities in collaboration with An additional stipend is negotiable. established Ukrainian contacts such as A resume and inquiries should be Plast Fraternity the Ministry of Education, the Ukrainian addressed to: Bohdan A. Oryshkevich, invites everyone to their... Renaissance Fund, English language M.D., USA/USA, P.O. Box 3874, 42t/i /4»utu^ high schools, and local volunteers; Albany, NY 12203-0874. Fax: (518) • interviewing students and evaluating 434-1132; e-mail: dms466 @ albnyvms. applications on site; administering and bitnet, or to: Ivan Bilaniuk, 083 Lowell MORSKIY grading pre-TOEFL and SAT-like Mail Center, Harvard College, exams; selecting students; Cambridge, MA 02138-5028. e-mail: • describing the American college bilaniuk @ HUSC.edu. There is a rolling BALL system and application process; assist­ deadline on applications. Friday, November 26,1993 at 9pm If the funding comes through from the Ramada Inn War vets... Eurasia Foundation for the group of 60, Route 10, East Hanover, NJ. (Continued from page 4) the UAV will begin to look for continued Band: CRYSTAL funding for additional students from the AID, which deals in million dollar out­ Tickets $15.00 at the door lays. To date, the foundation has released public sector. "This is only a stone in the e info, contact Oleh Koiodiy $2.5 million in grants directed towards pond," said Mr. Babski. "The 60 will (201) 763-1797 the Newly Independent States, with an only be an initial seeding of Ukraine. No collect calls please. average grant size of $50,000. They need many more people with Western business backgrounds." Mr. Walsh is optimistic the needed money will arrive and is eager to get on The UAV Scholarship Fund is also with the program. He said he became looking to the private sector and to pri­ interested in such a program after talking vate individuals to help defray the costs GLOSSARY OF BUSINESS TERMINOLOGY with the UAV's Jerry Nestor, who is also of a long-term educational banking pro­ associated with the American Banking gram. If you would like to donate, please ENGLISH-UKRAINIAN Institute. 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League of B'nai B'rith. In addition, the explained that the Demjanjuk defense have to face the same nightmare. These Appeals court... court noted the pressure exerted by Rep. now has to go back to the district court, 17 years have shattered the lives of the (Continued from page 3) Joshua Eilberg, who wrote in a 1978 letter which issued the denaturalization ruling, Demjanjuk family." Mr. Nishnic told The ed: *Thus, we hold that the OSI attorneys to Attomey General Griffin Bell that "we to make its plea for reinstatement. Weekly. cannot afford to lose" the Demjanjuk case. He acknowledged that the process acted with reckless disregard for the truth A real Thanksgiving and for the government's obligation to take The decision also stated: could take years, but emphasized, no steps that prevent an adversary from "It is obvious from the record that the "We've got the spirit, the determination, Mr. Demjanjuk, who upon his return presenting his case fully and fairly. This prevailing mindset at OSI was that the and the wherewithal to win, but not the to the United States on September 22 was was fraud on the court in the circumstances office must try to please and maintain funds." He added, "How long can we go whisked away under tight security to an of this case where, by recklessly assuming very close relationships with various on? We have no money to fight the undisclosed safe location, now is at his Demjanjuk's guilt, they failed to observe interest groups because their continued blank-check budget of the Justice home in Seven Hills, Ohio. A Jewish their obligation to produce exculpatory existence depended upon it. Department." Mr. Nishnic noted that the group periodically continues its protest materials requested by Demjanjuk." "The *win at any cost' attitude dis­ Demjanjuk defense is $100,000 in debt outside the family home. The court cited the roles of three OSI played by some of these record docu­ and has only $500 in the bank. Due to the fact that Mr. Demjanjuk's attorneys in the Demjanjuk prosecution: ments and statements contrasts sharply "We are now looking for a lawyer to denaturalization remains in effect, Mr. Allan A. Ryan Jr., then director of the with the attitude and actions of the Israeli take on the case, in which we will argue Nishnic said his father-in-law remains OSI; Norman Moscowitz, the case's orig­ prosecutors, who were under domestic that John Demjanjuk was wrongfully "cautious" and is not making any public inal prosecutor; and Bruce Einhom, a co- pohtical pressures themselves. But for the denaturalized based on fraud," Mr. statements. counsel to Mr. Moscowitz. actions of the Israeli prosecutors, the Nishnic said, adding that the search for a "This Thanksgiving, one thing for The 6th Circuit Court of Appeals also death sentence against Demjanjuk proba­ lawyer to take on the case on a pro bono sure, we have a lot to be thankful for," noted the undeniable pressures and politi­ bly would have been carried out by now. basis or at a reduced fee is complicated Mr. Nishnic said. "It's the first family cal concerns that propelled the OSI's He would have been executed on a charge by the fact that it is hardly a politically Thanksgiving that we've shared in eight prosecution of Mr. Demjanjuk. It cited for which he has now been acquitted." popular case for anyone to tackle. He years" [since Mr. Demjanjuk's extradi­ tion in early 1986]. reports and letters by OSI attorneys that Citizenship question noted that even Judge Merritt of the 6th noted these political concerns, refeited to Circuit Court had been denounced for In addition to Mr. Demjanjuk's acquit­ the case as a "political hot potato" and Commenting on Mr. Demjanjuk's bid reopening the case. tal by Israel's Supreme Court and this noted that the support of Jewish organi­ to have his U.S. citizenship restored, Mr. Supporters of Mr. Demjanjuk and oth­ most recent decision overturning his extra­ zations must be enlisted and reinforced. Nishnic said, "The finding that fraud was ers also are "trying to get these cases dition, Mr. Nishnic noted "among the It pointed also to a lecture tour in Israel committed by OSI prosecutors years brought by the OSI against suspected war things we are grateful for is the support of undertaken by Mr. Ryan in 1986 under the before the denaturalization paves our criminals criminalized - not just for John the Ukrainian community. Without it, we sponsorship of the Anti-Defamation way to attack the prior judgements." He Demjanjuk - but so that no one else will would have had no defense."

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icap, is itself an internal policy matter. resolving the economic crisis play a role, • the evolution in post-communist Ukraine's economic... Having said all this, it must be recog­ their importance never was predominant, society of a "new" rentier-capitalist elite (Continued from page 9) nized that this negative inheritance has and is in any event diminishing. Besides, whose profits depend on the economic of inflation, separate currencies stand a played and continues to play a significant bad weather outside is not in one's con­ system remaining highly dirigiste and better chance of achieving the required role. While scientific skills and training of trol, and no matter how bad it is one must regulated by the state. (Let me emphasize fiscal discipline sooner." ^ In November the population are very high by any stan­ do the best within one's own capacity. this is a key factor common to all post- 1992, the new government of Prime dard, the knowledge of languages, foreign Better to light a candle than to curse the socialist economies and not at all unique Minister Kuchma with Prof. Viktor exposure, international financial expertise darkness. Let me dismiss immediately one to Ukraine.) Pynzenyk as deputy prime minister for was much less than in Moscow, which was, argument which is too often heard: the The story to be told needs to inter­ economic reform, fmdly took the coura­ after all, the center of the empire to which economic crisis is a result of applying twine both of the above explanations, and geous step of exiting from the ruble zone, all roads led. A personal comment by the shock therapy and letting free markets needs to address simultaneously several understanding full well this would mean Head of the National Bank of Ukraine cap­ operate. This is like the patient complain­ economic phenomena, including produc­ any future inflation could not be blamed tures the essence of diis problem: "If only ing of the tremendous pain caused by an tion decline in the face of continued full on anyone except the Ukrainian policy­ half of the Ukrainians who work as finan­ injection of medicine, even before the nee­ employment, high inflation, lack of pri­ makers themselves (Parliament, Central cial experts in the Russian Central Bank or dle is applied. There has been no shock vatization, sharp devaluation of the kar- Bank, govemment.) As we know inflation other banks, were to return to Ukraine, I therapy of sharp monetary or credit bovanets to "unrealistic" levels, and huge has, if anything, increased and as the kar- could do wonders with this institution." restrictions, prices are far from free and amounts of capital flight (in dollars of bovanets or "kupon" for all economic The inability of Ukraine to do better in the remain "influenced" by many measures, course) "hidden" both internally and in purposes is a separate currency, it must be intemational financialcommunit y is some­ and the extent of privatization has been foreign bank accounts or other assets. recognized that 1993's inflation is largely times partly attributed to the inability to very minimal. All claims of the birth of a This intertwined story may appear more home-grown and not the result of a poorly project a good image of reform-orientation. market in Ukraine are grossly exaggerat­ complex than it is, and, like a sweater, if functioning single currency ruble zone. Again, the small number of individuals ed, to recast Mark Twain's famous phrase. (Continued on page 18) The second argument, petroleum- who could do this is clearly a problem for The surface explanation for the economic imports dependence, cannot by itself be a all former colonies, including Ukraine. crisis is that very little has been done in very important part of the inflation story, I pose as a question to those who know the way of a monetary control shock to 7 Ibid, p. 74. but is perhaps very important in explain­ better the Ukrainian society and politics stop inflation, or of systemic therapy to ^ Approximately $10-20 per ton of ing general strategy of economic policy. today why this continues to be more of a privatize and allow competitive markets to imported crude oil from Russia in late 1992, Energy prices, which had been about 10 problem for Ukraine than for some of the function. The IMF and Morgan Stanley and in the range of $60-80 in latest agree­ other non-Baltic states like Moldova, assessments say essentially this, but they ments. to 20 percent of world levels as late 9 Energy costs account for about 6-7 per­ 1992, have since risen about four or five­ Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan. But do not attempt to answer the deeper ques­ let me finish by agreeing that at least tion: Why has reform not moved forward? cent of production value in Western fold fold to 60-70 percent presently.8 economies. Assuming even 20 percent for Numerous analyses of OPEC's 1973 oil some important part of the problem is the Let me elaborate two inter-related Ukraine, a 600 percent increase in prices of price shock and how they affected infla­ negative inheritance from the empire. hypotheses in answer to this question. energy would mean a rise in final products tion in the Western economies give us a Fundamental causes of economic • the dominance among leading poli­ prices of about 120 percent. guideline for estimating an order of mag­ policy failure cymakers and politicians of the ideologi­ ^^ The potential role of Western financial nitude inflation effect attributable just to cal views called "gradualism" and "state assistance is discussed more fully later in this energy price increases. With energy While certain external impediments to guidance"; article. intensity in Ukraine about twice that of Western economies, such a rough calcu­ lation suggests an inflation effect of about 100-120 percent or not much more than doubling of general prices. ^ In fact, prices have increased more than 10-fold Non-Stop Service New York to Kyyiv in the past year. Admittedly, oil price increases enter into a spiral of inflation involving indication Of wages (and per­ haps even profits!), but these are then internal and not external factors. But even with the wage indication effect it is not plausible to attribute such a high level of inflation to oil prices. Only a pol­ icy of issuing large amounts of credits Air Ukraine can explain the high inflation. A more important negative impact of energy dependence may have been (and continues to be) that short-run crisis man­ agement for energy needs focuses strate­ gy on a Moscow-axis, and diverts atten­ Tuesdays, Fridays and Sundays tion away from developing a Western-ori­ ented strategy. Such an alternative strate­ Starting November 2. gy would consist basically of Western financing to support a credible program of inflation control; taking the last steps to full world-pricing of energy payable by all users within Ukraine, and an early fol­ low up of several so-called structural For reservations and information please call reform measures led by privatization, price liberalization, and removal of com­ plex export-import and foreign exchange 1(800)-UKRAINE restrictions other than tariffs on imports. or Such a move by Ukrainian authorities could be developed in consultation with Call your Travel Agent the IMF and World Bank in order to obtain, from these two institutions alone, Air Ukraine • 551 5th Avenue. • Suite 1010 • New York, N.Y. 10176 credits amounting to as much as $700 million at the beginning, and a potential total of $1.5-$2 billion over a year. If one considers further that the approval by the IMF and World Bank of Ukrainian reform efforts is likely to encourage other KOBASNIUK TRAVEL INC. official and private flows of financial assistance, one sees the feasibility of pay­ ' 157 Second Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10003-5765 ing for minimal energy import needs in Established 1920 dollars, at world prices, thus lessening the need for negotiating complex and perhaps disadvantageous deals with Russia. ^^ VITAYEMO "AIR UKRAINE" Let me conclude the discussion on external conditions by saying a few THE ONLY NON-STOP AIRLINE TO KYYIV words about the colonial inheritance. The Tuesdays • Fridays • Sundays .. handicap of Ukraine and other former colonies is less and less of a justification From$545.00. for the crisis as time goes by, and as human and institutional capacity is built For Reservations and Information please call up. Furthermore, how quickly one builds 254-8779 or 1-800-535-5587 Fax: (212)254-4005 up this capacity and overcomes the hand­ THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1993 No. 47

In theory this sounds fine, but has two archs" of the collective. The interests of same, nor, as the common wisdom has it, Ukraine's economic... serious faults in practice. Very few mea­ this group therefore coincide more or less are these simply illegal "mafia" activities. (Continued from page 17) sures other than the issuance of credits are with those who argue for "gradualism" They are all perfecdy legal, given the eco­ evident, so the transformation is not occur­ and "state guidance." nomic rules and laws of the country. we find the right thread we can unravel it ring even gradually. Also, woridwide expe­ Beyond this, the large amount of cred­ Illegal action occurs of course, but is inci­ rather quickly. riences of many developing countries testi­ its is enough to also provide the working dental to or built upon the main tendency The right place to start the unraveling fy against such an approach, essentially capital for dollar speculation and interna­ of earning large "rents" from having a may be with the immediate and direct because the continued support of the gov­ tional trade activities, giving large quick privileged position to obtain large credits cause of inflation: massive emission of ernment via subsidies or cheap credit cre­ returns on commercial transactions. and special licenses to trade or export. money supply in the form of karbovanets ates a "welfare-dependency" of producers. Dollars could be bought at say 3,000 kbv Naturally, those who do find comfort cash and more importandy credits to kol- Neither directors nor workers are motivated in the spring. With 30 million kbv credits hosps (collective farms), enteфrises, and in these policies may not strongly favor to change as long as they feel confident the from the banking system $100,000 could changing the conditions. When the word the government by the Central Bank. state will continue to bail them out. Worse, be purchased. Interest rates of 20 percent Inflation of such a high magnitude can "reform" is uttered, it means several ensured of being paid, they have negative per month (maximum) only seem high, changes that would eliminate these only be explained by massive monetary motivation, work less and less hard and but are not if within three months the emission. The latest credits to agriculture opportunities. Reduction of credits and productivity continues to decline, therefore inflation was well over 200 percent. privarizarion would remove the privi­ of 1.3 trillion kbvji or about one-third of output falls even without unemployment.із Repayment of the loan with interest (300 the money supply, ensures money supply leged position of many "patriarchs." Politicians, as anywhere in the worid, are mil. + 60 percent = 480 mil. kbv) can be growth of 30-50 percent per month and Raising interest rates to real positive lev­ delighted to go along with a policy that done by selling $80,000 giving a pure net hence a minimum underiying inflation of els (inflation plus a few percentage "avoids" massive unemployment. profit of $20,000. As most credits were this magnitude. This has been recognized points) would eliminate the margin of What about the so-called "new" rentier issued at well below the official redis­ for some time in the reform programs of profit on pure currency speculation. Price capitalists? They are an amorphous and count rate of 20 percent per month, the the Kuchma government, and the state­ liberalization would close the gap ill-defined group that includes directors size of the profit was much greater. ment of the head of the National Bank of between domestic and world prices and of enterprises, collective and state farms, These kinds of operations are well Ukraine, who on September 17 threatened eliminate the margin of profits in export­ heads of trade groups, and heads of new described in the writings of Deputy to resign if Parliament continues to insist ing goods in short supply. Eliminating private "commercial" entities formed as Prime Minister Pynzenyk before, during, on the issuing of new credits at such mag­ the system of export licensing would lead spin-offs from state enteфrises. The pub­ and after his tenure in office, and are too nitudes. • 2 If it is so clear to all concerned to competition among potential exporters lic wisdom says they are not new because numerous to cite. that these credits are the main cause of of valuable raw materials, driving up they were members of the economic elite Yet another sort of possibility credits inflation, why are they simply not stopped? their prices and eliminating not only the in the Soviet period. While this is proba­ provide is for international transactions, shortages but also the large quick profit One answer is the dominance in policy bly mostly so, let me argue that where especially in exports of raw materials — opportunities. Obviously, this new group circles of those ideologically favoring they came from is less important than including energy — which are priced of rentier-capitalists will not be happy gradualism and state guidance of the what their current interest is, and in what more cheaply than world prices. It is sim­ with such changes and may therefore try economy. They argue that ceasing the direction they may influence policy. ple economics to say underpriced goods to oppose them. credits will mean destruction of industry The large issuance of credits provides are goods in shortage. Consequently, and agriculture, and massive unemploy­ these new state-capitalists with several dirigiste-oriented governments do all they ment. They argue instead for simultane­ very beneficial — not to say profitable can to prevent their export, imposing 11 Reuters Press Report, September 28, ous incentives and special assistance to — opportunities. At a minimum, by export restrictions and licensing. If some­ 1993. industry to undertake conversion, restruc­ ensuring their enteфrises function, work­ one is able to obtain both the necessary 12 Reuters Press Report, September 17, 1993. ture, make new investments in technolo­ ers are paid, financing is made available financing to buy raw materials in Ukraine 13 The soft credit policies and their negative gy to raise productivity and thereby cre­ for the many social services provided to and also the license to export, the potential effect on motivation to efficiency and change is ate new jobs, and only then allow reduc­ workers, including housing, health ser­ for quick profits is very large. nicely captured by the article of Chrystia tion of workplaces in old inefficient vices, recreation, etc. — directors retain Those who benefit from either of these Freeland, "Conversion on the Road to enterprises. their elite position in society as "patri- three activities are not necessarily the Capitalism," Financial Times, August 26, 1993. 27 LB FOOD PARCEL TO UKRAINE Trident Trade Group HAM 850 g $25.50 MACARONI 1/2 KILO Free delivery in I. 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Sugar Services offered: Tractors and • Parcel package delivery • Food parcels small farming • Air express delivery • Custom food parcels • Wire transfer of US Dollars • Appliances "^ equipment • VCR's, Radios, Cameras (220v) • Car shipment ALSO — scarves, sweaters, material, threads and many other For product information, popular items for Ukraine. call Toll Free: 1 -800-354-3136 UKRAINIAN GIFT SHOP DNIPRO 11758 Mitchell St. «Detroit, MI 48212 698 Sanford Ave. • Newark, NJ 10716 SEPCORP International, Inc, 25 Mountain Pass Road. Hopewell Junction. NY 12533 USA (313)892-6563 (201)373-8783 No. 47 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1993 19

opportunities to purchase "cheap" hard currency trade to a few banks and then Suhoniako, member of the Parliament's The ramifications... currency. The unnamed "authorized regulate those banks," he noted. "It's the Committee on Economic Reform. (Continued from page 2) banks" will also be able to profit: by old Soviet solution: fix it through state "This decree is a touchstone for the road to reform." being distinguished from "unauthorized" regulation." old nomenklatura. With it, they are test­ "The measures to which they are banks, they will be allowed to buy and It appears that this choice — to return ing out just what Ukrainians will do to resorting will lead to one of two things: a sell hard currency without regard to actu­ or not to return to the old "Soviet" meth­ stop any moves to restore state capitalism socialist state, which we've already had, al market conditions. Furthermore, deci­ ods of state control — will be left to with communist overtones," Mr. or a national-socialist state. But they will sions such as who can buy hard currency Parliament to decide. The government's Suhoniako said. "We cannot allow them not lead to a democratic state, built on and how much they can buy will depend program for getting Ukraine out of its to succeed. I hope that Parliament, start­ on individual officials at "authorized" the principles of individual freedom, pri­ economic mess is on the agenda for the ing with Ivan Pliushch, will do what's banks, and not on the market. vate property and free enteфrise." Parliament's current session. At the same necessary and defend the national inter­ "We've seen what happened when a time, the Parliament will be examining ests of Ukraine." UICE Committee Chair Vadym careless government decision led to a the latest Kravchuk decrees. Some parlia- Deputy Finance Minister Borys Hetman agrees that the decree was draft­ flourishing shadow economy, both under nientary committees and individual Sobolev was laconic about the decree: ed by "people who are far from real life the old regime and under [former Prime deputies are already suggesting that the "It's temporary in nature." And in fact, and who do not care about Ukraine." Minister Vitold] Fokin," commented parliament, for the first time ever, use its this may illustrate the slyness of "Of course these people paid lip ser­ UICE Director Andronov. "The decision power of veto. Kravchuk's action. After the harsh reac­ vice to the notion of market reforms — to halt trading at the hard currency "It's really important that everyone, but tions in financial and business circles, at first. In reality," Mr. Soltys said, "it's exchange means — besides eliminating especially political parties with a voice in and even in Parliament, this "temporary" impossible to have one foot in commu­ the legal hard currency market and the Parliament, understand the potential decree may indeed last only from the nism's door and the other in capitalism's. implementing a karbovanets exchange damage this decree will do to reforming time it was signed by the president until So for two years now, Ukraine has been rate without regard to market conditions Ukraine's economy," said Aleksandr the time it is discussed in Parliament. stagnating, while its economy and the — a booming shadow hard currency mar­ welfare of its people grows worse." By ket. The country can only lose." contrast, said Mr. Soltys, "Russia is Ihor Frantskevych, Ukraina Bank's going through a terrific sociopolitical hard currency and correspondent account Advertisement shakeup — and the economic situation is manager, put it succinctly. By allowing DIRECTOR, MARKETING & SALES actually slowly improving." commercial banks to buy and sell hard LARGE CONSUMER GOODS COMPANY IN UKRAINE Running backward to stay in place currency, Mr. Frantskevych said, the decree could in some sense be a lure, A large U.S. multinational Company that is a worldwide leader in the manu­ The Soviet system taught Ukrainians tempting those banks to speculate in facture and marketing of fast-moving consumer goods, has retained our to understand one thing well: "Nothing "bank-client" relations. lasts longer than a temporary measure." "There's also the danger of a 'gray services to assist them in filling the above key position for their operations Perhaps this, more than anything, is market,' that buying and selling of hard in Ukraine, with a head-office in Kyyiv and manufacturing facilities with very why President Kravchuk's decree on the currency will go on through banks with sizable production volumes. currency regulation system', and particu­ official exchange rates, and simultaneous The Director, Marketing & Sales will have the overall responsibility for the larly the "temporary" halting of UICE 'unofficial settlements' will be going on marketing, sales and distribution activities on the Ukrainian market, with the activity, has caused such an uproar in between the buyer and seller — to make Ukraine's financial, business and politi­ up the difference between official and objective of achieving the planned market shares and sales volumes and cal circles. Many see this as just an market exchange rates." Mr. realizing maximum growth for the Company. attempt to turn back the clock, enacted by Frantskevych added, "It's also likely that This newly-created position offers an outstanding opportunity ior an experi­ an "old guard" that continues its tight the real hard currency rate will be even enced professional is marketing/sales of consumer goods in fully developed grip on top government positions and on higher than the market rate at the markets, who has the ability to set up and manage a sizable and efficient influential positions among the presi­ exchange, because the buyer will have to marketing and sales organization under the difficult and very challenging dent's advisors. Gradobank add some 'risk' money on top. Needless Administrative Director Viktor to say, it will be practically impossible conditions of an emerging market economy. Zherdytsky believes the decree must be for the state to control such settlements." Candidates should have a genuine desire to make a contribution towards examined in the context of the latest acts A number of financial experts say that the future development of Ukraine. They should have a good command of by the government and the President. a large part of the hard currency will like­ English and Ukrainian. "Then it becomes obvious that the execu­ ly end up converted neither on the legal tive, now, as before, wants to accumulate nor on the gray market: it will be swal­ The position will be highly visible and it can lead, upon successful comple­ as much power as possible for itself. It lowed up by the black market. There, tion, to very good career opportunities within the Company's operations wants to govern everything and every­ money will not only be converted uncon­ internationally. one." However, Mr. Zherdytsky said, trolled, but also criminals will control the "This is no longer possible, because relationship between buyers and sellers. Please write to or contact in strictest confidence: Ukraine has moved too far away from the old system. These actions will only suc­ Waiting for the other shoe to drop Christine HAWRYLYSHYN-BATRUCH, 16 Etournelles, ceed in increasing the economic chaos." CH-1255 Geneva, Switzerland. Tel. + Fax 41 22 784 08 26. In the meantime, the reality of the Other opponents of the new currency decree and the possibility of its further regulations say the president and his gov­ implementation depends completely on ernment are moving closer and closer to the position Parliament takes when it "total state control of the economy" and begins to debate this question. It may A CHiaSTMAS GIFT THAT TRULY MATTERS see this as a deliberate step away from veto the president's decision. market reform. Many of them fear the Other than the sending of the telegram, for your parents, children and friends. regulations will completely destroy the the National Bank's position has been a Through a special gift of hard currency market and ruin Ukraine's cautious "no comment" while the docu­ MEMBERSHIP IN THE UKRAINIAN MUSEUM financial system. This, in turn, will wipe ment goes to Parliament for debate. you will share the beauty of our culture with your out any profit motive for most Ukrainian During two meetings on November 9 and loved ones. exporters. 10, the bank's governors were unable to According to Mr. Soltys, acting Prime reach a decision regarding the Bank's Your thoughtfulness will have an impact not just for the Minister Yukhym Zviahilsky and role vis-a-vis the new regulations. moment, but for tomorrow and into the future. Finance Minister Hryhoriy Piatachenko Despite hints by Mr. Andronov that the are behind the decree. But, as he pointed UICE might sue the NBU, Mr. Hetman, a out, behind them stands "a large group of former governor of the bank, said the Gift for: apologists for communist ideology," UICE is unlikely to take action against the English including Cabinet bureaucrats and other National Bank of Ukraine. As he puts it, presidential advisors. Thanks to efforts the NBU is simply a "hostage of a system' by this cabal to wreck Ukraine's econo­ and is as much a victim as the exchange Address: my, added Mr. Soltys, the young state of itself. Mr. Hetman is kinder than many. Ukraine may well slide into a total col­ Johnson Wax's Mr. Anderson said Tel. lapse, with escape possibly limited to closing the auction could have a silver From: abdication of Ukraine's newly acquired lining — providing the government Address: independence. allows commercial banks to freely exchange currency. Although the UICE .Tel.. Strange Bedfellows was founded by 40 commercial banks, Mr. Zherdytsky noted that the new "in the present situation, four state banks Membership Categories (Check one) Please make checks payable to decree and the halting of UICE opera­ are effectively manipulating the currency • Senior Citizen $10.00 The Ukrainian Museum tions is advantageous "for certain institu­ situation," Mr. Anderson said. "If the • Student $10.00 Mail to: The Ukrainian Museum tions and organizations." He said these commercial banks begin to set individual • Individual $25.00 203 Second Ave. groups now have the opportunity "to rates, it could be a welcome form of - New York, NY 10003 manipulate state resources for their own competition, with banks vying to offer Q Family $50.00 interests." the best rates to attract business. Q Contributing $100.00 Other financial specialists agree, not­ Unfortunately, Mr. Anderson said ing that the decree provides advantages there is little hope of that happening. For further information, please call (212) 228-0110 for import enteфrises by expanding their "The government will probably restrict 20 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21,1993 No. 47

in this extraordinary tournament. The cup Three U.S. cities... will be sanctioned by FIFA and the (Continued from page 8) United States Youth Soccer Association of The Ukrainian Weekly can provide and will comprise both boys' and girls' that bridge to help create an awareness divisions, ages 8 through 18. For further information contact: Carol Butler, Celebrate in your community, and in this way help to facilitate contacts that can eventually MasterCard International Sister Cities NEW YEARS lead to the formation of a new sister city Cup, 3901 Olympic Ave., Louisville, KY at relationship. It was my observation that 40207; telephone, (502) 895-7959; fax, S О YUZI V KA the smaller towns were the most effec­ (502)895-0136. tive in having successful sister city pro­ At this time Louisville has sister city Friday. December 31st - Sunday, January 2nd grams. relationships with Mainz, Germany; Look around and see if you can make Montpellier, France; Quito, Ecuador; and ALL ROOMS SOLD OUT!!!

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The Cincinnati-Kharkiv delegation in Houston at the 37th annual convention: Please contact SOYUZIVKA for further information & reservations at: (from left) Conrad Haupt, president, Jean Schroer, Marilyn Braun; (standing, Phone:(914)626-5641 Ultrainian National Association Estate—Soyuzivl

I I hereby order Ukraine: A Concise Encyclopaedia of preparing documents by the executive D Volume I — $95.00 Parliament... branch. D Volume II - $95.00 (Continued from page 1) Presidential legal adviser Ivan D Volumes I * II - $170.00 review the president's morivarions for Tymchenko told The Ukrainian Weekly І Enclosed is (a check, M.O.) for the amount $ issuing such a decree, which the presi­ that , according to the Constitution, the president has the right to issue decrees ' Please send the book (s) to the following address: dent labeled illegal because such a com­ mission would interferes with the process on matters that are not regulated by law; his decrees can remain in effect Name until Parliament adopts a law on the issue. No. Street INSURE When a Constitutional Court is estab­ ANd ЬЕ SURE. lished, then Parliament can turn to the City State Zip Code JoiN ihE UNA! court to have presidential decrees ruled unconstitutional, he said. No. 47 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21,1993

yet of a different kind. He sat in prison for Uman, with her... two years after having sent a telegram in (Continued from page 10) support of Ivan Dzyuba in the earlier kobzars, even - and, of course, the women, і970s, when that scholar's publication of The Weekly: JSs^t^J'""""' men and children who had absolutely no "Internationalism or Russification?" clue what the violence was all about stirred up all kinds of official charges. Not that deep below the surfaces with­ He refuses to be caught up by venge- in and without Uman are the remnants of fulness against the former agents of his more recent terror, the memory of people torment and is terribly disheartened by Important Information ground up between the two totalitarian the waste of energy of those who scream: "All Communists to the gallows!" or forces of the 20th century. One memorial regarding advertisements in "Svoboda" and "The Ukrainian Weekly." on the way out of town marks a quarry "Ukraine only for Ukrainians!" He prays that served the Nazi occupiers as a deten­ that there be "men and women of states­ Some businesses, organizations and private individuals have been sending tion camp where few survived the ele­ man-like vision, who will make col­ ments. It appeared to be a place largely leagues of one another, who will forgive their ads to an incorrect (incomplete) address. This causes delays in publica­ ignored. My companion critically point­ the past, to work together toward a mod­ tion of text, which in turn results in customer complaints. ed to the poor maintenance of the site. em Ukrainian nation-state." Farther away is the "Dry Ravine." The After one of several such serious dis­ Please address all advertising correspondence to Maria Szeparowycz, granite monument amid the trees dis­ cussions, I had to avoid the headache that Advertising Manager. Svoboda Administration. plays three plaques: the original tablet too much concentration in Ukrainian on identifying in Russian the site as the deep and complex topics gives me. I place where fascists murdered Soviet cit­ swam toward the surface with the izens; a later tablet in Ukrainian, Russian remark, "This thing about Uman being and Hebrew; a third only in Hebrew. feminine really took me by surprise!" What's your most valuable asset? My companion's perception was that And he agreeably detoured to this eas­ the Jewish community had somehow ier topic. "Well, I'll admit, when I write," taken over the whole memorial, and he he said, "I refer to Uman in the feminine was, therefore, annoyed. Dried-up flow­ gender. After all, I wouldn't want anyone ers lay at the base, a wreath from some to think me uneducated. In conversation, INCOME! earlier memorial service, its faded ribbon however, I regularly speak of Uman as banner still legible - the "Jewish masculine. All Ukrainian cities have his­ Community of Uman," — the only sign torically been masculine. Kyyiv. Lviv. A DISABILITY CAN STOP that this tragic place was not ignored. And so, too, should be Uman." The reminders of Soviet oppression "What about Odessa?" ironically are the monuments the Soviets "Not a Ukrainian city, really." YOUR INCOME COLD. themselves had installed to celebrate Strangely, I had quite forgotten about It's a proven fact that 1 out of 3 people will suffer a long term their gifts to Ukraine. Lenin still stands Poltava. disability (3 nnonths or longer) between the conspicuously in the central town square. And it was a 12-year-old girl who told ages of 35 and 65* Another block of stone not far from the me one of the legends about how Uman city marketplace and the Moscow patriar­ came to be called "Умань." Back in the You may be thinking it couldn't happen to you. But It very chal parish church unabashedly declares days when Uman was just a spot on a well could. The chances of disability before age 65 are eternal memory to a man it refers to as "a crossroads, there was an inn operated by greater than most people realize. In fact before age 65, Chekist," who died (was killed, some two women. It so happened they both your chances of becoming disabled from an accident or say) in the area. carried the same name, "Маня." At that illness are for greater than your chances of dying. The main street continues to bear the inn used to stop the chumaks, the men name "Radianska" (Soviet). Another who transported salt and other goods in street, "Karl Marx," yet another, the convoys of oxcu and wagons. "Paris Commune." And a museum I Once it happened that, just after some THE SOLUTION: missed is the building where the chumaks left the inn "womanned" by Protect your income through the disability income insurance Bolsheviks, yet in the Tsarist period, clan­ "Маня and Маня," they met up with programs offered by the Ukrainian National Association destinely printed Lenin's circular, Iskra. travelers coming from the opposite direc­ through Security Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York, tion. The travelers asked the chumaks, Monuments there are of a different Binghamton, New York. kind. The art museum, in front of which "Where have you been?" local Roman Catholics assembled to pray The chumaks answered. "У Мань." For nnore infornnation coil every Sunday, had once been a Roman Wow! Thank heavens I knew my geni­ the Financial Services Department of the UNA at: Catholic church. The Chernishevsky tive plural. movie cheater was originally one of many (201) 451-2200 in NJ. Orthodox churches in the city. One such Matthew-Daniel Stremba describes 1 (800) 253-9862 outside N J church now in recovery with the himself as a storyteller, free-lance writer 1(215) 821-5800 in PA Ukrainian Orthodox Church-Kyyiv and teacher who lives in Trinidad with Patriarchate, shows all the scars from its his wife, a U,S, diplomat. He has com­ Soviet days as a warehouse. pleted post-graduate studies in psycholo­ Then there's my first host, a monument gy, education and English. This Christmas, give a gift for the mind... and for the body. Video of the Special limited-time offer from The Ukrainian Weekly One-hour documentary film about Ukrainians in America A year's subscription plus a T-shirt (featuring The Ukrainian Weekly Jlag in white lettering on a black 100% cotton T-shirt) "THE HELM OF DESTINY»' for $25 ($15 for UNA members). Produced by Slavko Nowytski Name: Sponsored by the UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION Address:_ Price $19.95 City: . State:_ . Zip:_ Shipping & handling in US and Canada $4.00 (Prices in U.S. Dollars) Nev7 Jersey residents - 6% State Tax applies. I am a member of UNA Branch_ Order and payment to be sent to: I am not a UNA member.

SVOBODA Circle one for T-shirt size: S M L XL 30 Montgomery St,, Jersey City, N.J. 07302 Clip out and send form with check to: The Ukrainian Weekly THE FILM'S AIM for UKRAINIAN AMERICANS 30 Montgomery St. is to acquaint them with the Ukrainian immigrant stor}^ make them Jersey City, NJ 07302 aware of tiieir Ukrainian "roots", instill in them a desire to maintain the Ukrainian heritage, Hurry to order! First 50 persons who respond will receive encourage them to become active in the an additional T-shirt free. Ukrainian experience. 22 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1993 No. 47

Europe to ask them not to accept Ukraine Fixed... New electoral law... as a member," said Mr. Chornovil on Ukraine ratifies... (Continued from page 5) (Continued from page 1) Wednesday, November 17. (Continued from page 1) Soon afterward, democrats, upset at call your Ukrainian National Association receive 50 percent plus one to be elected. components of nuclear warheads, the Elections are valid only if 25 percent of the stagnant Parliament's voting, decided document prolongs the process of imple­ (UNA) mortgage department representa­ to disrupt the proceedings and prepared tive. registered voters show up at the polls. mentation for an unspecified period of "These elections cannot be considered to storm the podium. time, only after all conditions are met. The UNA is always ready to help its multi-party," said Vyachelsav Chornovil, "I can no longer lead the discussions," "In fact, it may be impossible to meet members determine what kind of a mort­ the chairman of Rukh. said Anatoliy Tkachuk, the deputy chair­ all the conditions...The United States and gage loan best suits their needs. UNA's "This system reduces political parties man of Parliament's Commission on Russia will never give such guarantees," First Mortgage Loan Program is to nothing," said Serhiy Holovaty, a legal Law-Making. He left the podium and the said Mr. Holovaty. designed to help its members become expert in Parliament. "This decision is a hall, saying that he could not be responsi­ "Ukraine today has a specific status: it homeowners. Members can enjoy peace move toward totalitarianism," he added. ble for a law that is a throwback to is nuclear, yet it is non-nuclear. That is, Soviet election procedures. of mind in knowing they're getting the Many democrats did not return to vote it became the owner of nuclear weapons best possible mortgage loan value avail­ on Thursday, as heated debates on Democrats, led by Mr. Holovaty, as a result of the disintegration of the able, along with first class service. Wednesday resulted in Chairman Ivan accused Communists and Socialists of Soviet Union. It owns them, but it "Good Service" is our motto. Pliushch postponing the vote. violating regulations by voting on behalf pledges to give them up. Thus, they are To find out more about UNA's First "We have reached the edge. There is of their absent colleagues. owned by Ukraine and temporarily on its Mortgage Loan Program, refinancing nothing more for democrats to do in this However, on Thursday the Communist territory," he added. your home, or about becoming a mem­ Parliament," commented Ihor Hryniv, a majority in Parliament voted for an elec­ Present for the vote were 306 ber, please call: (201) 451-2200, or deputy from Lviv. toral law that reflects the stagnantion of deputies; 254 voted to ratify the START 1 (800) 253-9862 (except New Jersey). "We intend to appeal to the Council of democratic reforms in Ukraine. treaty, nine voted against it, while nine abstained and 34 did not participate in the voting. The deputies said they would only Ukrainian National Association review and consider acceding to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty when the Monthly reports for July conditions of their resolution were met.

Dividend To Members 1.407.49 RECORDING DEPARTMENT Dues And Annuity Premiums From Members Returned 13,218.42 MEMBERSHIP REPORT Endowments Matured 85,594.36 Indigent Benefits Disbursed 350.00 A J VESELKA, JUV. ADULTS ADD TOTALS Interest On Death Benefits 321.98 TOTAL AS OF JUNE 30 1993 17.456 42.932 5.539 65,927 Payor Death Benefits 45.73 J^ ^ ORCHESTRA GAINS IN JULY 1993 Reinsurance Premiums Paid 307.13 Scholarships 91,050.00 New members 35 71 12 118 Trust Fund Disbursed 2,525.88 Reinstated 30 79 109 Total $ 303,481.77 Andy Czerny: (514) 678-7010 Transferred in 18 51 3 72 Change class in 3 3 Operating Expenses: Tjno Papa: (514) 374-6632 Transferred from Juvenile Dept. 1 1 Real Estate $ 282,004.07 TOTAL GAINS 71 202 15 303 Svoboda Operation 86.877.94 LOSSES IN JULY 1993 Washington Office 26,869.44 Official Publication-Svoboda 108.215.88 Suspended Organizing Expenses: Transferred out Advertising 2,953.51 Change of class out Commissions And Overrides On Universal Life 2,501.69 Transferred to adults Died Field Conferences 2,973.06 YEVSHAN Cash surrender Lodge Supplies Purchased 4.345.33 Endowment matured Medical Inspections 494.40 Books - Cassettes - Compact disks - Videos Fully paid-up Reward To Branch Presidents And Treasurers 17.28 Reduced paid-up Reward To Branch Secretaries Language tapes - Call for our Catalog Extended insurance 65,290.86 Certificate terminated Reward To Organizers 14,602.88 New cassette for kids "Dobryden" Reward To Special Organizers 1,678.55 102 TOTAL LOSSES 288 33 423 Supreme Medical Examiner's Fee 1,500.00 INACTIVE MEMBERSHIP Traveling Expenses-Special Organizers 116.00 GAINS IN JULY 1993 1-800-265-9858 Total $ 600,440.89 Paid-up 7 61 68 Payroll, Insurance And Taxes: VISA-MASTER CARD ACCEPTED Extended insurance 3 19 22 Employee Benefit Plan $ 40,796.00 TOTAL GAINS 10 80 90 Insurance-General 100.00 BOX 325, BEACONSFIELD, QUEBEC LOSSES IN JULY 1993 Insurance-Workmens Compensation 950.00 CANADA, H9W 5T8 Salaries Of Executive Officers 19,091.99 Died 1 30 31 Cash surrender 20 22 42 Salaries Of Office Ennployees 91.810.63 Reinstated 2 5 7 Taxes-Federal, State And City On Employee Wages 27,130.91 Lapsed 4 6 10 Total $ 179,879.53 TOTAL LOSSES 27 63 90 General Expenses: TOTAL UNA MEMBERSHIP Actuarial And Statistical Expenses $ 12,311.60 AS OF: JULY 31 1993 17,423 42,863 5,521 S5,807 Bank Charges 12.10 Bank Charges For Custodian Account 2,287,02 FLOWERS WALTER SOCHAN Books And Periodicals 853.36 Supreme Secretary Dues To Fratemal Congresses 3.515.42 General Office Maintenance 1.426.53 Insurance Department Fees 745.00 Postage 7,169.95 FINANCIAL DEPARTMENT Printing and Stationery 966.63 INCOME FOR JULY, 1993 Rental Of Equipment And Services 374.74 Telephone, Telegraph 2.570.76 Delivered in Ukraine Dues and Annuity Premiums From Members Traveling Expenses-General 2,440.06 Income From "Svoboda" Operation Total $ 34,673.17 1-800-832-1789 Investment Income: Miscellaneous: Banks Accrued Interest On Bonds $ 20,465.84 Landmark, Ltd. Bonds Donation From Fund For The Rebirth Of Ukraine 10,655.23 Certificate Loans 2,299.11 Donations 8,900.00 Mortgage Loans 30,002.12 Exchange Account-Payroll 28.698.38 Real Estate 253,762.90 Investment Expense-Mortgages 2.870.13 Short Term Investments 8,694.15 Professional Fees 3,900.00 Stocks 7,130.38 Rent 785.63 Planning a trip to Urban Renewal Corporation 0.00 Transfer Account 390,000.00 Total j; і.27і,боТ:5Г Ukrainian Publications 12.175.50 Youth Sports Activities 5,500.00 Refunds: Total Cash Surrender 218.75 $ 483,950.71 Donations 2,000.00 Investments: UKRAINE? Employee Hospitalization Plan Premiums 535.70 Bonds $ 2,365,386.20 Endowment Matured 655.36 Certificate Loans 6,824.11 Personalized Investment Expense 1,145.00 E.D.P. Equipment 10,000.00 Operating Expenses Washington Office 3,966.03 Mortgages 92,000.00 Reward To Branch Presidents And Treasurers 17.28 Travel Service at Real Estate Reward To Special Organizer 1,206.67 13,075.29 Taxes Federal, State & City On Employee Wages 26,786.19 Short Term Investments 475,262.70 Reasonable Rates Taxes Held In Escrow 217.33 Stock 4,012.65 Total 36,748.31 Total $ 2,966,560.95 Miscellaneous: Disbursements For July, 1993 Dividend Accumulations 40.12 •VISAS«HOTELS«MEALS» Donations To Fraternal Fund 700.00 Donations To Fund For The Rebirth Of Ukraine 14,628.26 •TRANSFERS'CUIDES» Exchange Account-Payroll 28,698.38 BALANCE Profit On Bonds Sold or Matured 9,102.51 ASSETS LIABILITIES •AIR TICKETS* Sale Of "Ukrainian Encyclopaedia" 733.36 Cash 1,041,383.71 Life Insurance $ 72,894,202.44 Transfer Account 390.012.00 •RAIL TICKETS• Total 443,914.63 Short Term Investments 2,577.471.05 •CARS V^ITH DRIVERS^ Investments: $ Bonds " Bonds Matured Or Sold 427,913.00 Mortgage Loans [ • INTERPRETERS• Certificate Loans Repaid $ 7.509.00 Certificate Loan ' 648.337.39 Accidental D.D. Mortgages Repaid 67,971.09 Real Estate •SIGHTSEEING^ Short Term Investments Sold 1,906,565.51 Printing Plant & E.D.P. ' Total 2.409,958.60 Equipment 756,080.13 Fratemal 1.687.844.07 Orphans Income For^uly 1993 ~~^ $ A/\62,228:W Stocks Г" Loan to D.H.-U.N.A LANDMARK, LTD Housing Corp. 104,551.04 Old Age Home DISBURSEMENTS FOR JULY, 1993 Loan To U.N.U.R.C. toll free (800) 832-1789

Paid to Or For Members: OaMD/VA (703) 941-6180 Annuity Benefits 1.494.56 Cash Surrenders 27.182.03 ALEXANDER BLAHITKA fax (703) 941-7587 Death Benefits 79.984.19 Supreme Treasurer No. 47 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21,1993 23

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JAILBIRDS Across 7. Dissident Iryna who was kidnapped ENH/INCE rOUR PRESENTS I. Real name of Maksym Sahaidak. and held incommunicado during 4. Poet Vasyl who died in 28 Across. Gorbachev's 1989 visit to Lviv. WITH OUR PRESENCE! 5. 6 Down by profession. 8. Initials of former political prisoner CALL TOLL FREE FOR OUR CATALOG FULL OF UKRAINiAN HEARTIFACTSI 9. Organization that helped political who is former ambassador to Canada. UNIQUELY DESIGNED. HAND SCREENPRINTED & EMBROIDERED CLOTHING prisoners. 10. Political prisoner after participating FOR ADULTS & CHILDREN/ 11. Sixtiers literary dissidents. in 2 Down. JEWLERY. HATS. UMBRELLAS. TOTE BAGS & APRONS/ A VARIETY OF PRICES/ SOMETHING FOR EVERYONE THAT YOU LOVE! 14. Nemesis of political activists. 11. Former political prisoner honored by 17. How punishment was administered Philadelphia's Poor Richard Club in fc, UKRAINA INTERNATIONAL к ?ДЛ'ї?"в'ІЇІ™Р"Г^ ^^- ^^^^ C r^ 228 E. SENECA TURNPIKE . О П UNIT #39, BOX 29536 to some political prisoners. 1992. \>^ S^ACUSE: NE>ft^^^^ ^ KVAN^ 5!L^?SSAUGA ONTARIO L5A 3Y0 19. Accords. 12. Head of Committee for Defense of ^ 1^0M76.9091 TOLL FREE C*^^ CALL (416)890-5353 20. Poet Yuriy who died in 28 Across. Ukrainian Catholic Church. 22. Philologist whose "Right to Live" 13. Dissident Shumuk. manuscript was confiscated by 15. Cemetery where 4 Across, 20 Across 14 Across. and 35 Across were reburied in 1989. No Place Like Soyuzivka On Thanksgiving Day 24. Winter conditions in 28 Across. 16. Dissident Strokata. 27. Self-published writings of dissidents. 18. Author of "History's Carnival." 28. Prison camp for many Ukrainian 21. Served by political prisoners. THANKSGIVING DINNER dissidents 23. What authorities often called 32. Title of M. Osadchy book. dissidents. AT SOYUZIVKA 34. Dissident Horska by profession. 25. Initials of author of "Report from the Thursday, November 25,1993 at 1 p.m. 35. Poet Oleksa who died in 28 Across. Beria Reserve." 37. Dissident tapestry maker Stefania. 26. Authorities' response to activists? 38. Subject for dissident Moroz. 28. First name of dissidents Grigorenko Traditional or Ruban. Turkey Down 29. Take dissident to court again. Dinner 2. Protest staged by political prisoners. 30. Conditions in prison camp. 3. Political prisoner's cellmate? 31. Baptist minister incarcerated in Special Order: 4. Dissident Shukhevych to General Yakutia. Whole Turkey Chuprynka. 33. What political prisoners often felt. for the Family 6. Author of "White Aster of Love." 36. What kept the cell locked. Extensive Salad Bar and Viennese Desert Table Interfax reported that a letter was sent to Newsbhefs... Russian President Boris Yeltsin on Dinners (Continued from page 2) November 1 citing abuses in Moldova, by advanced Georgia and Tajikistan. The Watch has weapons between Ukraine and Russia. reservations urged Russian authorities to stop ele­ (RFE/RL Daily Report) only. ments providing military and financial Moldovans accuse Russians of violations support to breakaway groups in neigh­ THANKSGIVING DINNER ONLY. boring countries. The group also has THANKSGIVING DINNER VI^ITH OVERNIGHT ACCOMMODATIONS.. CHISINAU — The Moldovan repre- charged that, "Russia considerably over­ (Prices include Tax & Gratuities) .wotation of a joint commission supervis­ stepped the limits of its goodwill mission ing the ceasefire in the Dniester region to Georgia, Moldova, Azerbaijan, North accused the Russian side of multiple vio­ Ossetia and Tajikistan." (RFE/RL Daily Name: lations of the ceasefire agreement at a Report) Address: November 1 news conference. Reported \^ violations include: allowing the penetra­ New bishop enthroned in Ukraine tion of additional "Dniester" forces into Zip: the security zone between the conflicting KOLOMIYA, Ukraine — The sides and blocking the inspection of sus­ enthronement of Pavlo Vasylyk, the first Telephone: pected "Dniester" arms stockpiles in bishop of the newly established Date of Arrival: Date of Departure: ; { Bendery, where such stockpiles are Ukrainian Greek-Catholic eparchy of Building choice: banned. Warning of a growing danger of Kolomiya-Chernivtsi, took place on a resumption of hostilities, the Moldovan October 31. Cardinal Myroslaw Ivan Number of persons: Children: ' side asked for prompt remedial measures. Lubachivsky, head of the Church, per­ UNA Branch #: Deposit Enclosed: (RFE/RL Daily Report) formed the installation as about 15,000 /' faithful looked on. The decision to form Helsinki group questions Russia's role the new eparchy was made at the Synod For reservations, for dinner Ukrainian National Association Estate WASHINGTON — Experts from the of Bishops of the Ukrainian Greek- please contact: Soyuzivka Helsinki Watch human rights group have Catholic Church in May 1992 and was Phone:(914)626-5641 Foordmore Road ' raised concerns about Russia's role as a approved by Pope John Paul II afterward. FAX: (914) 626-4638 Kerhonkson, NY 12446 peacekeeper in the former Soviet Union. (Respublika) 24 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1993 No. 47

Monday, November 22 cessful 1993 soccer season with a luncheon banquet to be held at the Ukrainian Youth NEW YORK: Taras Schumylovych will PREVIEW OF EVENTS Center, 301 Palisade Ave., at 2 p.m. take part in a member's art group show spon­ and critic, former editor of Ukrainska of North-Central Alberta." The presentation Trophies will be awarded to players on the sored by the Composers, Authors and Artists Literatunia Gazeta and Suchasnist and mem­ will be held in the Heritage Lounge, C and D division teams who played in the of America, to be held at the Republic Bank ber of the editorial board of Entsyklopediya Athabasca Hall, at 7:30 p.m. Yonkers Soccer League. Videotapes of for Savings, 770 Broadway (at 9th St.). The Ukrainoznavstva, who will address the topic Thursday, December 2 game highlights will be shown. Tickets, at exhibit runs through December 10. "Literary Processes in Ukraine Today," to be $15, may be purchased by contacting Dr. Wednesday, November 24 held at the society's building, 63 Fourth TORONTO: The Chair of Ukrainian Studies Orest Kozicky, (914) 969-3606. Ave., at 5 p.m. at the University of Toronto is holding a lecture NEW YORK: The Shevchenko Scientific by Prof. Orest Subtelny, York University, who SO. BOUND BROOK, N.J.: St. Andrew's Society invites the public to a lecture by Oleh CHICAGO: Plast will host its annual fall will address the topic 'Two Years of Ukrainian Ukrainian School is holding a Christmas Romaniv, president of the Shevchenko dinner and dance at the Ukrainian Cultural Independence: An Assessment." The presenta­ bazaar at St. Andrew's Church Hall, 11:30 Scientific Society in Lviv and corresponding Center, 2247 W. Chicago Ave., beginning tion is being held in the Board Room, a.m. - 2 p.m. Dealer tables are available at member of the Ukrainian Academy of with a cocktail reception at 6:30 p.m., dinner Multicultural History Society of Ontario, 43 $10 per table. For further information, con­ Sciences, who will address the topic "Ukraine at 7:30 p.m. and dancing to the music of Queen's Park Crescent E., 4 - 6 p.m. tact Nina Wedmid, (908) 563-2690, or Today: A Time of Hai'sh Realities and New Veseli Chasy starting at 9 p.m. Tickets: $45, George Mischenko, (908) 671-1914. Expectations," to be held at the society's dinner and dance; $20, dance only. To Saturday, December 4 building, 63 Fourth Ave., at 6:30 p.m. reserve a dinner table or for further informa­ NEWARK, N.J.: St. John the Baptist HARTFORD, Conn.: The Zoria Ukrainian tion, call (312) 227-0389. Dance Ensemble will hold a fund-raising MANAHAWKIN, NJ.:' Ukrainian Ukrainian Catholic School will be hosting a St. Nicholas program at 3 p.m. at St. John's performance at the Ukrainian National American Veterans of the New Jersey State Sunday, November 28 Home, 961 Wethersfield Ave., at 2 p.m. Department will host a presentation ceremo­ school gym, 762 Sandford Ave. St. EAST HANOVER, NJ.: The New Jersey Tickets: $5, adults; $2.50, students. For ny to initiate the "Adopt a Hospital" program Nicholas' office will be open 11 a.m. - 12 Regional Council of the Ukrainian National additional information, call Tania at Southern Ocean County Hospital, Rt. 72, noon, and from 2-3 p.m. Only one package Women's League of America invites the Zborowski (203) 628-5873, or Chris Baxer at 10 a.m. Ambassador Oleh Bilorus and per recipient will be accepted. The program public to a luncheon benefit celebrating the (203) 584-8676. Consul General Victor Kryzhanivsky will be will feature a play performed by St. John's 50th anniversary of Our Life magazine, to present. The public is welcome. For more students. St. Nicholas will be present to dis­ SCRANTON, Pa.: The annual Ukrainian be held at Ramada Hotel, Rt. 10, starting at information, call Robert Gulay at (609) 585- tribute gifts. Christmas program "St. Nicholas Visits the 3 p.m. Donation: $30. For further informa­ 6208, or George Miziuk at (609) 394-4824. PHILADELPHIA: The Ukrainian Children" will be held at the Anthracite tion, call (908) 290-2265. Heritage Museum, McDade Park, at 2 p.m. Friday, November 26 Professional Society of Philadelphia invites Tuesday, November 30 the public for a festive holiday evening at Co-sponsored by the Ukrainian Heritage EAST HANOVER, N.J.: The Chorno- Ulana's Club, 205 Bainbridge St., 9 p.m. - 2 Council of Northeastern Pennsylvania, the NEW YORK: New Jersey Senator Bill mortsi Plast fraternity invites the public to a.m. Dance to the music of Fata Morgana. program is a celebration of Ukrainian holiday Bradley and Les Taniuk, Chairman of the their twelfth annual "Morskiy Ball" to be $10 cover at the door. For further informa­ traditions and music. St. Nicholas will present Commission of Culture and National held in the main ballroom of the Ramada tion, call (215) 698-8300 or (215) 394-0404. each child 12 and under with an old fash­ Renaissance of Ukraine will host a reception Hotel, Rt. 10 (westbound), beginning 9 p.m. Special room rates are available at the ioned Christmas treat. Seating is limited and for members of the Odessa Philharmonic Music will be provided by the Crystal band. Comfort Inn, (215) 627-7900. reservations are required. Admission to the Semi-formal attire is requested. For addi­ Orchestra immediately following its program is $2.50, adults; $1.50, children. For tional information, contact Oleh Kolodiy at Carnegie Hall debut concert. The reception MONTREAL: The Ukrainian Canadian further information, call (717) 963-4804. will be held at the Princeton Club, 5 W. 43rd Professional and Business Association is (201)763-1797. Monday, December 6 Street. Evening attire is required. Admission holding a computer seminar and demonstra­ EAST HANOVER, N.J.: The New Jersey for the general public will be $100 per per­ tion at the Ukrainian Youth Hall, 3270 HARFTORD, Conn.: The Odessa Regional Council of the Ukrainian National son, and reservations are limited to 250 Beaubien E., 9 a.m. - 7 p.m. The program, Philharmonic Orchestra, under the direction Women's League of America invites the attendees. Proceeds to benefit the Children although geared mainly for beginners, will of Hobart Earle, will perform a special bene­ public to a luncheon benefit honoring the of Chomobyl Relief Fund. For reservations, cover topics of interest for advanced users. fit concert for the Children of Chornobyl 50th anniversary of Our Life magazine, that call (201) 376-5140. Admission: $5 per person; $10 per family. For Relief Fund at the Lincoln Theater of the will be held at Ramada Hotel, Route 10, further information, call Will Zuzak, (514) Wednesday, December 1 University of Hartford, 200 Bloomfield Ave. starting at 3 p.m. Cost: $30. For further 652-8657 (day), (514) 649-3338 (evenings). Tickets: $20, general admission; $10, stu­ information, call (908) 290-2265. EDMONTON, Alberta: The Canadian dents and faculty of the University of Institute of Ukrainian Studies at the Sunday, December 5 Saturday, November 27 Hartford, as well as children under 18. University of Alberta is holding the last lec­ YONKERS, N.Y.: The Krylati Sport Club Tickets may be ordered through the Lincoln NEW YORK: The Shevchenko Scientific ture of its fall seminar series, by Jars Balan, of the Yonkers branch of the Ukrainian Theater Box Office, 1-800-274-8587. Local Society invites the public to a lecture by Ivan freelance writer and editor, who will address American Youth Association (SUM-A) reservations can be made by calling (203) Koshelivets, leading emigre literary scholar the topic "The Kalyna Country Ecomuseum invites parents and fans to celebrate a suc­ 768-4228.

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