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Miljögifter I Urbant Grundvatten

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Miljögifter I Urbant Grundvatten Miljögifter i urbant grundvatten februari 2019 Johan Carlström & Lena Maxe SGU-rapport 2019:02 Diarie-nr: 35-782/2016 Omslagsbild: Provtagningskran vid ett vattenverk. Fotograf: Johan Carlström Författare: Johan Carlström & Lena Maxe Granskad av: Sarah Josefsson Ansvarig enhetschef: Jennie Abelsson Projektnamn: Miljögifter i urbant grundvatten Projekt-id: 42245 Sveriges geologiska undersökning Box 670, 751 28 Uppsala tel: 018-17 90 00 fax: 018-17 92 10 e-post: [email protected] 2 www.sgu.se INNEHÅLL Sammanfattning ................................................................................................................................ 6 Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 7 Bakgrund .......................................................................................................................................... 9 Screening som genomfördes av SGU ............................................................................................... 9 Provtagningsplatser ...................................................................................................................... 9 Kristianstad ............................................................................................................................ 12 Gävle ...................................................................................................................................... 12 Olofström ............................................................................................................................... 12 Värnamo ................................................................................................................................. 12 Visby ...................................................................................................................................... 12 Trelleborg ............................................................................................................................... 12 Enköping ................................................................................................................................ 13 Norrtälje och Södertälje ......................................................................................................... 13 Stockholm .............................................................................................................................. 13 Metod ......................................................................................................................................... 13 Screening som genomfördes av länsstyrelser ................................................................................. 14 Analyserade parametrar ................................................................................................................ 15 Resultat ........................................................................................................................................... 16 Klassificering efter geologi ........................................................................................................ 17 Resultat per ämnesgrupp ............................................................................................................ 17 Fältparametrar ........................................................................................................................ 18 Basparametrar & metaller ...................................................................................................... 19 Bekämpningsmedel ................................................................................................................ 22 PFAS ...................................................................................................................................... 23 Fenolära ämnen ...................................................................................................................... 25 Ftalater ................................................................................................................................... 25 Halogenerade alifater och BTEX ........................................................................................... 26 PAH:er ................................................................................................................................... 27 Tennorganiska ämnen ............................................................................................................ 29 Läkemedel .............................................................................................................................. 29 Dioxiner och dioxinlika PCB:er ............................................................................................. 31 Bromerade flamskyddsmedel ................................................................................................. 32 Övriga organiska miljögifter .................................................................................................. 33 Resultat per stad (nationella undersökningen) ........................................................................... 33 3 Kristianstad ............................................................................................................................ 34 Gävle ...................................................................................................................................... 34 Olofström ............................................................................................................................... 35 Värnamo ................................................................................................................................. 36 Visby ...................................................................................................................................... 37 Trelleborg ............................................................................................................................... 38 Enköping ................................................................................................................................ 38 Norrtälje ................................................................................................................................. 39 Södertälje ............................................................................................................................... 39 Diskussion ...................................................................................................................................... 40 Slutsatser ........................................................................................................................................ 42 Tack till…....................................................................................................................................... 43 Referenser ....................................................................................................................................... 44 Bilaga 1. Analysresultat ................................................................................................................. 46 Bilaga 2. Analysmetoder ................................................................................................................ 47 4 NATIONELL ÄRENDENNUMMER NV-02772-16 MILJÖÖVERVAKNING AVTALSNUMMER 2219-16-003 PÅ UPPDRAG AV PROGRAMOMRÅDE Miljögiftsamordning NATURVÅRDSVERKET DELPROGRAM Screening Miljögifter i urbant grundvatten Rapportförfattare Utgivare Johan Carlström, SGU Sveriges geologiska undersökning (SGU) Lena Maxe, SGU Postadress Box 670, 751 28 Uppsala Telefon 018-17 90 00 Rapporttitel och undertitel Beställare Miljögifter i urbant grundvatten Naturvårdsverket 106 48 Stockholm Finansiering Nationell MÖ Nyckelord för plats Kristianstad, Gävle, Olofström, Värnamo, Visby, Trelleborg, Enköping, Norrtälje, Södertälje, Stockholm Nyckelord för ämne Grundvatten, PFAS, läkemedel, BTEX, alifater, bekämpningsmedel, dricksvatten Tidpunkt för insamling av underlagsdata 2016–2017 Sammanfattning (Max 1500 tecken) Åren 2016–2017 genomförde SGU på uppdrag av Naturvårdsverket en screening av miljögifter med fokus på kommunala grundvattentäkter i urbana miljöer. Syftet var dels att få bättre kunskap om förekomsten av miljögifter i grundvatten generellt och dels mer specifikt när det gäller förekomsten av miljögifter i grundvatten som används för dricksvattenuttag. Undersökningen omfattade fysikalisk–kemiska parametrar, metaller samt fler än 200 organiska miljögifter. I de flesta brunnar hittades något miljögift men totalt sett gjordes få fynd över rapporteringsgränsen och halterna bedöms med något undantag som låga. De ämnesgrupper för vilka flest halter över rapporteringsgräns påträffades var i fallande ordning: PFAS, läkemedel, BTEX + halogenerade alifater samt bekämpningsmedel. Dessa fyra ämnesgrupper stod tillsammans för 84 % av de resultat över rapporteringsgräns som erhölls. Även om de flesta halterna är under rapporteringsgräns eller lägre än de miljökvalitetsnormer och dricksvattengränsvärden de utvärderats mot är det tydligt att grundvattnet i urbana områden är påverkat av mänsklig aktivitet. Det vore därför värdefullt att följa upp mätningarna framöver för att ta reda på om halterna förändras över tid, samt att mäta på fler platser för att erhålla ett mer omfattande dataunderlag för en säkrare bedömning. 5 SAMMANFATTNING Åren 2016–2017 genomförde SGU på uppdrag av Naturvårdsverket en screening av miljögifter med fokus på kommunala
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