DOCSLIB.ORG

Stambolis Dissertation Novemeber 18 2015

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Stambolis Dissertation Novemeber 18 2015 UCLA UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title The Culture of Knowledge: Constructing “Expertise” in Legal Debates on Marriage and Kinship for Same-Sex Couples in France and the United States Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2qs11675 Author Stambolis-Ruhstorfer, Michael Publication Date 2015 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles The Culture of Knowledge: Constructing “Expertise” in Legal Debates on Marriage and Kinship for Same-Sex Couples in France and the United States A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology by Michael Stambolis-Ruhstorfer 2015 © Copyright by Michael Stambolis-Ruhstorfer 2015 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION The Culture of Knowledge: Constructing “Expertise” in Legal Debates on Marriage and Kinship for Same-Sex Couples in France and the United States By Michael Stambolis-Ruhstorfer Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology University of California, Los Angeles, 2015 Professor Abigail Cope Saguy, Chair This dissertation asks how and why American and French decision-makers—and those striving to persuade them—use specific kinds of “experts” and “expertise” when debating if same-sex couples should have the right (or not) to marry and found families. To answer these questions, I analyze archival, interview, and ethnographic data to study “expertise”—conceived broadly—in media, legislative, and judicial debates on the U.S. state, U.S. federal, French, and European levels from 1990 to 2013. I find that, despite addressing the same issues, decision- makers draw on divergent categories of “experts” mobilizing types of knowledge that follow systematic cross-national patterns. For instance, French institutions hear professors and intellectuals who discuss gay family rights in the abstract while U.S. institutions hear ordinary citizens whose lived experiences ground academic testimony. Furthermore, some “expertise,” such as economics in the U.S. or psychoanalysis in France, is pervasive in one context but absent in the other. I argue that nationally specific patterns in “expertise” are due to embedded ii institutional logics, legal structures, and knowledge production fields that impact how information is produced, made available, and rendered legitimate nationally and historically. Chapter 1 identifies the people U.S. and French newspapers cite and what they say. U.S. reporting prioritizes ordinary citizens and advocacy organizations using personal experience and legal expertise. In contrast, French reporting prioritizes intellectuals and professionals using psychoanalytic and anthropological concepts. Chapter 2 finds national differences in people testifying before legal and political institutions. In contrast to French legislatures, which draw on famous intellectuals, state agencies, and other elite actors, U.S. legislatures hear more ordinary citizens and activists. Courts, which are central to advancing gay rights in the U.S. but not France, combine personal testimony with empirical science from “expert witnesses.” Chapter 3 describes how these patterns are partly the result of the way lawyers and legislators navigate cultural and institutional constraints as they organize testimony. Chapter 4 explains how knowledge availability also depends on power and resource distribution in fields where academics and professionals work. Finally, Chapter 5 describes how experts’ access to decision- making institutions depends on the relationships they forge with organizations and lawmakers. iii The dissertation of Michael Stambolis-Ruhstorfer is approved. Eric Fassin Hannah Louise Landecker Edward T. Walker Juliet A. Williams Abigail Cope Saguy, Committee Chair University of California, Los Angeles 2015 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 Chapter 1 “Expertise” in the Media: Coverage of Marriage and Parenting 24 Debates in Le Monde and The New York Times Chapter 2 “Expertise” in U.S. and French Political and Legal Institutions 60 Chapter 3 The Work of the Debates: Negotiating the Institutional Logics of 87 Knowledge Outlets Chapter 4 “Experts” in Their Academic and Professional Fields 131 Chapter 5 “Experts” and their Connections to the Policy Sphere 162 Conclusion 180 Methodological Appendix 192 Works Cited 213 v LIST OF TABLES Introduction Table 1 U.S. State Legalization of Same-sex Marriage, Adoption, and 12 Surrogacy Before Obergefell v. Hodges, 2015 Chapter 1 Table 2 Proportion of Articles by Institutional Domain and Issue Covered 34 Le Monde and The New York Times Table 3 Proportion of Expertise Occurrences by Type and Stance in Le Monde 37 and The New York Times between 1990-2013 Table 4 Types of Social Science and Mental Health Expertise Occurrences in 38 Le Monde and The New York Times Table 5 Proportion of Articles Citing Different Categories of Experts in 46 Le Monde and The New York Times between 1990-2013 Table 6 Experts whose Proportion of Citations Changed Significantly over 48 Sample Period in Le Monde and The New York Times Chapter 2 Table 7 Proportion of Categories of Experts in California Hearings by Stance 62 Table 8 Proportion of Categories of Experts in Texas Hearings by Stance 62 Table 9 Proportion of Categories of Experts in Appeals Briefs to U.S. Supreme 69 Court in Hollingsworth v. Perry Table 10 Proportion of Categories of Experts Heard by Assemblée Nationale 75 and Sénat Judiciary Committees by Stance, Pacs Hearings 1998 Table 11 Proportion of Categories of Experts Heard by Assemblée Nationale 76 and Sénat Judiciary Committees by Stance, Marriage and Adoption Hearings 2012- 2013 Methodological Appendix Table 12 Complete List of Expertise Codes 196 Table 13 Complete List of Category of Experts 198 vi Table 14 Interviewees in U.S. Debates 205 Table 15 Interviewees in French Debates 206 Table 16 Conferences, Seminars, and Events Attended in Person 209 LIST OF FIGURES Introduction Figure 1 Favorable Opinions on Marriage for Same-sex Couples in the US and 15 France from 1995 to 2015 Figure 2 Favorable Opinions on Adoption by Same-Sex Couples in the US and 16 France from 1992 to 2014 Chapter 1 Figure 3 History of Coverage of Expertise in Le Monde and The New York 33 Times, 1990-2013 Figure 4 Type of Expertise in Le Monde, 1990-2013 41 Figure 5 Percent of Favorable and Unfavorable Expertise in Le Monde, 1994-2013 42 Figure 6 Type Expertise in The New York Times, 1990-2013 44 Figure 7 Percent of Favorable and Unfavorable Expertise in The 45 New York Times, 1990-2013 Figure 8 Proportion and Type of Expertise Used by Experts in Le Monde 51 Figure 9 Proportion and Type of Expertise used by Experts in The New 51 York Times vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This project would not have been possible without the support, time, and energy of many people. I owe a debt of gratitude to all those who contributed to its realization. I thank Abigail Saguy, my advisor and mentor, whose careful and thorough guidance throughout my graduate career has been extraordinary. Abigail taught me how to think sociologically, encouraged me to keep trying when confronted with challenges, patiently tutored me in the craft of writing, and pushed me when I needed it. For all this and more, I am very grateful. Many thanks to Éric Fassin, Hannah Landecker, Frédérique Matonti, Daniel Sabbagh, Edward Walker, and Juliet Williams who, as mentors and dissertation committee members, generously offered their advice, feedback, support, and evaluation of my work. I thank my husband, Nicolas Durand, for putting up with me, reading drafts, correcting my French, and sharing this adventure. I also owe much to my parents, Lisa Stambolis and Lania D’Agostino, sister, Anias Stambolis-D’Agostino, and many other family members. I especially acknowledge Françoise Lacroix for hosting me in Garches. I also thank colleagues and friends Benoît Bastard, Erik Bleich, Agnès Chetaille, Jérôme Courduriès, Pauline Delage, Virginie Descoutures, Judith Ezekiel, Mignon Moore, Calvin Morrill, David Paternotte, Violaine Roussel, and Manuela Salcedo for their feedback on my work and help in the field. I thank all those who were willing to let me interview them and entrust me with their stories. Finally, much gratitude goes to the staff in the Sociology Department at UCLA and at the EHESS. This research was supported by funding from the National Science Foundation (grant SES 1226663), the Bourse Chateaubriand of the Ministère des affaires étrangères de France and the Fulbright Commission, the UCLA Center for European and Eurasian Studies, and the UCLA Graduate Division’s Dissertation Year Fellowship program and Chancellor’s Prize. viii VITA EDUCATION 2013 Graduate Certificate. University of California, Los Angeles. Department of Gender Studies. 2010 M.A. University of California, Los Angeles. Department of Sociology 2008 M.A. Université de Toulouse II. Department of English and American Studies 2004 B.A. Dickinson College. Department of French PUBLICATIONS Stambolis-Ruhstorfer, Michael and Abigail Saguy. 2014. “How to Describe it? Why the Term ‘Coming Out’ Means Different Things in the U.S. and France.” Sociological Forum 29(4): 808-829. Stambolis-Ruhstorfer, Michael. 2013. “Labels of Love: How Migrants Negotiate (or Not) the Culture of Sexual Identity.” American Journal of Cultural Sociology 1(3): 321-345. Moore, Mignon and Michael Stambolis-Ruhstorfer. 2013. “LGBT Sexuality and Families at the Start of the Twenty-First Century.” Annual Review of Sociology 39(1): 491-507. Stambolis-Ruhstorfer,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Gay and Transgender Communities - Sexual And
    HOMO-SEXILE: GAY AND TRANSGENDER COMMUNITIES - SEXUAL AND NATIONAL IDENTITIES IN LATIN AMERICAN FICTION AND FILM by Miguel Moss Marrero APPROVED BY SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: __________________________________________ Michael Wilson, Chair __________________________________________ Adrienne L. McLean __________________________________________ Robert Nelsen __________________________________________ Rainer Schulte __________________________________________ Teresa M. Towner Copyright 2018 Miguel Moss Marrero All Rights Reserved -For my father who inspired me to be compassionate, unbiased, and to aspire towards a life full of greatness. HOMO-SEXILE: GAY AND TRANSGENDER COMMUNITIES - SEXUAL AND NATIONAL IDENTITIES IN LATIN AMERICAN FICTION AND FILM by MIGUEL MOSS MARRERO BA, MA DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of The University of Texas at Dallas in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HUMANITIES THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT DALLAS August 2018 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Latin American transgender women and gay men are part of my family. This dissertation is dedicated to them. It would have not been possible without their stories. I want to give my gratitude to my mother, who set an example by completing her doctoral degree with three exuberant boys and a full-time job in mental health. I also want to dedicate this to my father, who encouraged me to accomplish my goals and taught me that nothing is too great to achieve. I want to thank my siblings who have shown support throughout my doctoral degree. I also want to thank my husband, Michael Saginaw, for his patience while I spent many hours in solitude while writing my dissertation. Without all of their support, this chapter of my life would have been meaningless.
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring Connections Between Efforts to Restrict Same-Sex Marriage and Surging Public Opinion Support for Same-Sex Marriage
    Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses Spring 5-22-2014 Exploring Connections Between Efforts to Restrict Same-Sex Marriage and Surging Public Opinion Support for Same-Sex Marriage Rights: Could Efforts to Restrict Gay Rights Help to Explain Increases in Public Opinion Support for Same-Sex Marriage? Samuel Everett Christian Dunlop Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Part of the Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Studies Commons, and the Political Science Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Dunlop, Samuel Everett Christian, "Exploring Connections Between Efforts to Restrict Same-Sex Marriage and Surging Public Opinion Support for Same-Sex Marriage Rights: Could Efforts to Restrict Gay Rights Help to Explain Increases in Public Opinion Support for Same-Sex Marriage?" (2014). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 1785. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.1784 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. Exploring Connections Between Efforts to Restrict Same-Sex Marriage and Surging Public Opinion Support for Same-Sex Marriage Rights: Could Efforts to Restrict Gay Rights Help to Explain Increases in Public Opinion Support for Same-Sex Marriage? by Samuel Everett Christian Dunlop A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Political Science Thesis Committee: Kim Williams, Chair Richard Clucas David Kinsella Portland State University 2014 Abstract Scholarly research on the subject of the swift pace of change in support for same-sex marriage has evolved significantly over the last ten years.
    [Show full text]
  • ABSTRACT TAYLOR, JAMI KATHLEEN. the Adoption of Gender Identity Inclusive Legislation in the American States. (Under the Direct
    ABSTRACT TAYLOR, JAMI KATHLEEN. The Adoption of Gender Identity Inclusive Legislation in the American States. (Under the direction of Andrew J. Taylor.) This research addresses an issue little studied in the public administration and political science literature, public policy affecting the transgender community. Policy domains addressed in the first chapter include vital records laws, health care, marriage, education, hate crimes and employment discrimination. As of 2007, twelve states statutorily protect transgender people from employment discrimination while ten include transgender persons under hate crimes laws. An exploratory cross sectional approach using logistic regression found that public attitudes largely predict which states adopt hate crimes and/or employment discrimination laws. Also relevant are state court decisions and the percentage of Democrats within the legislature. Based on the logistic regression’s classification results, four states were selected for case study analysis: North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Maryland and Massachusetts. The case studies found that legislators are often reluctant to support transgender issues due to the community’s small size and lack of resources. Additionally, transgender identity’s association with gay rights is both a blessing and curse. In conservative districts, particularly those with large Evangelical communities, there is strong resistance to LGBT rights. However, in more tolerant areas, the association with gay rights advocacy groups can foster transgender inclusion in statutes. Legislators perceive more leeway to support LGBT rights. However, gay activists sometimes remove transgender inclusion for political expediency. As such, the policy core of many LGBT interest groups appears to be gay rights while transgender concerns are secondary items. In the policy domains studied, transgender rights are an extension of gay rights.
    [Show full text]
  • Thèse Et Mémoire
    Université de Montréal Survivance 101 : Community ou l’art de traverser la mutation du paysage télévisuel contemporain Par Frédérique Khazoom Département d’histoire de l’art et d’études cinématographiques, Université de Montréal, Faculté des arts et des sciences Mémoire présenté en vue de l’obtention du grade de Maîtrise ès arts en Maîtrise en cinéma, option Cheminement international Décembre 2019 © Frédérique Khazoom, 2019 Université de Montréal Département d’histoire de l’art et d’études cinématographiques Ce mémoire intitulé Survivance 101 : Community ou l’art de traverser la mutation du paysage télévisuel contemporain Présenté par Frédérique Khazoom A été évalué par un jury composé des personnes suivantes Zaira Zarza Président-rapporteur Marta Boni Directeur de recherche Stéfany Boisvert Membre du jury Résumé Lors des années 2000, le paysage télévisuel américain a été profondément bouleversé par l’arrivée d’Internet. Que ce soit dans sa production, sa création ou sa réception, l’évolution rapide des technologies numériques et l’apparition des nouveaux médias ont contraint l’industrie télévisuelle à changer, parfois contre son gré. C’est le cas de la chaîne généraliste américaine NBC, pour qui cette période de transition a été particulièrement difficile à traverser. Au cœur de ce moment charnière dans l’histoire de la télévision aux États-Unis, la sitcom Community (NBC, 2009- 2014; Yahoo!Screen, 2015) incarne et témoigne bien de différentes transformations amenées par cette convergence entre Internet et la télévision et des conséquences de cette dernière dans l’industrie télévisuelle. L’observation du parcours tumultueux de la comédie de situation ayant débuté sur les ondes de NBC dans le cadre de sa programmation Must-See TV, entre 2009 et 2014, avant de se terminer sur le service par contournement Yahoo! Screen, en 2015, permet de constater que Community est un objet télévisuel qui a constamment cherché à s’adapter à un média en pleine mutation.
    [Show full text]
  • Conversion Therapy Versus Gay-Affirmative Therapy: Working with Ego-Dissonant Gay Clients
    Conversion Therapy versus Gay-affirmative Therapy: Working with Ego-dissonant Gay Clients Andrew Kirby MHSc 2008 Conversion Therapy versus Gay-affirmative Therapy: Working with Ego-dissonant Gay Clients Andrew Kirby A dissertation submitted to Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Health Science (MHSc) 2008 School of Psychotherapy Primary Supervisor: Stephen Appel TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ATTESTATION OF AUTHORSHIP iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv ABSTRACT v CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1 Client introduction 2 Research topic 3 Aim of research 4 Organisation of the dissertation 5 CHAPTER TWO: METHOD 6 The systematic review in evidence-based practice 6 Systematic literature review 7 Defining the topic for review 7 Search strategies 8 Selection of studies 8 Quality appraisal, extraction, and synthesis of studies 9 Summary 9 CHAPTER THREE: FREUD ON HOMOSEXUALITY 10 Introduction 10 Constitutional bisexuality 10 Psychosexual developmental model 11 Aetiological theories of homosexuality 12 Sexual reorientation 13 Summary 14 CHAPTER FOUR: CONVERSION THERAPY 15 Introduction 15 Philosophical underpinnings 15 Historical overview: Aetiological theories 16 Beginnings 16 Current status 17 Application: Key concepts, treatment approaches and research 19 Psychoanalytic and psychodynamic approaches 19 Behaviour therapy approaches 21 Cognitive therapy approaches 23 Group therapy approaches 24 i Religious programmes 25 Meta-analysis 26 Evaluation and critique 26 Summary 29 CHAPTER FIVE: GAY-AFFIRMATIVE THERAPY
    [Show full text]
  • The Profound and Intimate Power of the Obergefell Decision: Equal Dignity As a Suspect Class
    TULANE JOURNAL OF LAW & SEXUALITY A Review of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in the Law VOLUME 25 2016 The Profound and Intimate Power of the Obergefell Decision: Equal Dignity as a Suspect Class Autumn L. Bernhardt* I. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................... 2 II. OVERVIEW OF THE OBERGEFELL DECISION ......................................... 3 A. Integrated Constitutional Analysis ....................................... 5 B. The Form and Substance of the Obergefell Decision ........... 6 C. Gays and Lesbians Have a Fundamental Right To Marry and Are Entitled to Equal Protection Under the Law ................................................................................. 9 D. The Implications of Obergefell on Legislation Justified By Moral Disapproval, Respect for Tradition, and Equal Application ....................................... 11 III. GAY PEOPLE REPRESENT A SUSPECT CLASS UNDER EQUAL PROTECTION ANALYSIS AND LEGISLATION IMPLICATING GAY PEOPLE MUST BE REVIEWED UNDER HEIGHTENED SCRUTINY ........ 15 A. The Long Journey to Resolving the Proper Level of Constitutional Review and the Suspect Class Status of Gay Americans ............................................................... 17 B. Obergefell’s Discussion of the Four Factors of the Suspect Class Doctrine ....................................................... 22 1. Factor 1: Obergefell Recognizes that Gay Americans Have Experienced a History of Discrimination .................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Queer Quarantine: Conceptualizing State and Dominant Cultural Responses to Queer Threats As Discursive Tactics and Technologies of Quarantine
    Queer Quarantine: Conceptualizing State and Dominant Cultural Responses to Queer Threats as Discursive Tactics and Technologies of Quarantine by Péter Balogh A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Canadian Studies Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2015 Péter Balogh Abstract This study explores queer quarantine, my conceptualization of processes and practices aimed at assessing, diagnosing and isolating queer threats to the nation. In theorizing queer quarantine, I draw upon the longstanding conflation of queerness with disease and contagion, and build a case for reading the isolation, containment and casting out of queerness as an assemblage of discursive tactics and technologies aimed at quarantining queers beyond conventional understandings of quarantine. I examine the ways queers are imagined to threaten public space, healthy bodies, and the future of the nation, and provide a new accounting for so-called homophobic policies and practices deployed in statecraft and dominant culture. I also trace the emergence of the queer AIDS monster, an effect of disciplinary tactics of queer quarantine and a particular discursive formation in its own right. My study has two aims: building a case for queer quarantine and, at the same time, demonstrating how queer quarantine can be used as a new model of analysis to identify and explore some of the ways the Canadian state and dominant culture continue to marginalize and oppress queers despite the rights gains and “acceptance” that some gays and lesbians have achieved. My analysis reveals that in 1970s Toronto, the rapidly increasing visibility of queerness became a public threat necessitating tactical responses from local authorities and the police to quarantine queer spaces.
    [Show full text]
  • View Full Issue As
    N 1 December 15 1988- Jan 11 1989 Give the People Light and they will find their own way. 1r The Wisconsin Light LighV BRUTAL ATTACKS INCREASE; *aoli6ais GO LARGELY UNREPORTED A TIME TO DIE VII. Page 2 It happens in Milwaukee just the same as anyplace else in the country. A BOY OF SUMMER Let's call him "Tim." It was the end of September, just this year. It was 12:35 Another Kind of Love . Page 4 p.m. He says he will "never forget the time." He had left a bar on Second Street WORLDWIDE NEWS Page 6 and was walking across the Water Street Bridge. Suddenly someone, a man, came POLITICALLY SPEAKING up behind him. Tim hadn't heard him Page 7 because he was wearing his Walkman. The man kicked Tim hard in the back LIVELY ARTS Page 10 sending him sprawling out into the middle of the bridge. Tim remembers and FICTION remembers well, screaming and crying as Christmas Time On Brewers the man kicked him again and again while Hill Page 11 shouting "Choke on this fagot!" over and over again. RELIGIOUS OUTREACH Tim was fortunate. A car came along Page 12 with, as it turned out, two Gay men. Tim's attacker fled, leaving Tim badly mauled. The two men offered all the assistance they could and finally called Jamakaya him a cab to take him home. As Tim finished his story, he added Wins UWM Award that two weeks later, two friends of his had been attacked in the Wisconsin Light columnist Jamakaya same general area.
    [Show full text]
  • Fairy Lgbtales
    Fairy LGBTales Mapping Queer Fairy-Tale Retellings from the 1990s to the 2010s Alba Morollón Díaz-Faes PhD Thesis Department of Literature, Area Studies and European Languages Faculty of Humanities UNIVERSITY OF OSLO 2019 Fairy LGBTales Mapping Queer Fairy-Tale Retellings from the 1990s to the 2010s II © Alba Morollón Díaz-Faes 2019 Fairy LGBTales Mapping Queer Fairy-Tale Retellings from the 1990s to the 2010s Alba Morollón Díaz-Faes Trykk: Reprosentralen, Universitetet i Oslo III Acknowledgements This thesis would not have been possible without the help of many fairy godmothers and godfathers. First of all, I must sincerely thank my main supervisor, Rebecca Scherr, for her flexible supervision style, which allowed me to find my own way, but also for her insightful directions in the most critical moments of the writing process, which have had an enormous impact on the final form of the thesis. Infinite thanks go to Anne Duggan, my co- supervisor, whose lucid guidance has been essential, whose enthusiasm has kept me going when I was feeling discouraged, and who has enormously impacted not only my impressions of my own project, but also of the fairy-tale genre as a whole. I am also greatly indebted to my midway evaluator, Vanessa Joosen, whose intelligent feedback at a crucial juncture challenged me to turn this project into something worth reading (and writing). I am forever grateful to Tina Skouen and Bruce Barnhart, project leaders of Literature, Rights, and Imagined Communities, for allowing me to carry out this study, for believing in me and my vision, and for their unwavering support in the last three years.
    [Show full text]
  • The Place of Gay Men in Canadian Media Discourse on HIV
    Reluctant Subjects: The Place of Gay Men in Canadian Media Discourse on HIV by Jaime Cristian Rangel A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Sociology University of Toronto © Copyright by Jaime Cristian Rangel, 2018 Reluctant Subjects: The Place of Gay Men in HIV/AIDS Canadian Media Discourse and HIV Prevention Jaime Cristian Rangel Doctor of Philosophy Department of Sociology University of Toronto 2018 Abstract This dissertation maps the struggles for gay men’s inclusion into the national and global health imaginaries of HIV/AIDS over the past three decades. I order to do so, the author analyzes three instances of public discourse on vulnerability and risk, and their representation in the continuum between individual and collective victimhood and responsibility in the aftermath of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, as reported in Canadian media. The central claim is that national and global health discourses are underpinned by the double helix of biopolitical and humanitarian imaginations, which I argue, require the production of morally worthy subjects for anchoring political and material responses to the pandemic. This is the case because biopolitical and humanitarian imaginations nurture specific ways of collecting, understanding, reporting, and responding to epidemiological data. Equally important, these ways of imagining morally worthy subjects nurture the symbolic, that is, political and cultural moves that inform priority setting and shape resource allocation for different populations. ii Acknowledgments This work is the product of individual and collective efforts that include the work of members of my committee and other peers through extensive conversations and critical reviews.
    [Show full text]
  • Representations of Hiv/Aids in Popular American Comic Books, 1981- 1996
    REPRESENTATIONS OF HIV/AIDS IN POPULAR AMERICAN COMIC BOOKS, 1981- 1996 William Richard Avila A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2021 Committee: Jeffrey Brown, Advisor Michael Decker Graduate Faculty Representative William Albertini Timothy Messer-Kruse © 2021 William Richard Avila All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Jeffery Brown, Advisor From 1981-1996, the United States experienced an epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) that held profound implications for issues ranging from civil rights, public education, and sexual mores, to government accountability, public health, and expressions of heterosexism. Popular comic books that broached the subject of HIV/AIDS during the U.S. epidemic elucidate how America’s discourse on the disease evolved in an era when elected officials, religious leaders, legal professionals, medical specialists, and average citizens all struggled to negotiate their way through a period of national crisis. The manner whereby comic book authors, illustrators, and publishers engaged the topic of HIV/AIDS changed over time but, because comic books are an item of popular culture primarily produced for a heterosexual male audience, such changes habitually mirrored the evolution of the nation’s mainstream, heteronormative debates regarding the epidemic and its sociocultural and political implications. Through studying depictions of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in popular comic books, alterations in the heterocentric, national discourse emerge revealing how homophobic dismissals of the “gay plague” in the early 1980s gave way to heterosexual panic in the mid-1980s, followed by the epidemic’s reinterpretation as a national tragedy in the late-1980s.
    [Show full text]
  • The Beacon, July 3, 2013 Florida International University
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by DigitalCommons@Florida International University Florida International University FIU Digital Commons The Beacon Special Collections and University Archives 7-3-2013 The Beacon, July 3, 2013 Florida International University Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/student_newspaper Recommended Citation Florida International University, "The Beacon, July 3, 2013" (2013). The Beacon. Book 498. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/student_newspaper/498 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the Special Collections and University Archives at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Beacon by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Forum for Free Student Expression at Florida International University Vol. 25, Issue 1 fiusm.com Wednesday, July 3, 2013 Tuition revenue JOB FAIR to improve finan- cial aid, advising REBECA PICCARDO revenue is needed to compensate Staff Writer for the losses generated by the downturn in the economy and State universities will expe- state budget cuts. rience a 1.7 percent tuition The automatic tuition increase increase for the 2013-2014 is also being triggered because academic year, an automatic larger tuition has been written inflation adjustment triggered into previous budgets approved by Gov. Rick Scott’s veto of a 3 by the Board of Governors. percent increase. Due to an annual work The increase will equal a plan meeting, members from $1.75 increase per credit hour, the Board of Governors were or an extra $21 a semester for unavailable for comment by ROBERTO JIMENEZ/THE BEACON a student enrolled in 12 credits.
    [Show full text]