• , ARIZ'ONA THE YOUNGEST STATE 325 , Hoyt under Safford. As the Presidents. during this perio~ were Li~coln, Johnson, Grant and Hayes, all were 'republIcan. The Federal Judges appomted before 1878, the territory having an allotm~mt of three, were '-IV. F. Turner (chief justice), W. T. Howell, J. P. Allyn, H. F . Backus, H. H. Carter, John • • Titus (chief justice), Isham Reavis, C. A. Tweed and De Forest Porter. The I last named remained in office from 1873 till 1881, an exceptionally long term • for the times. CHAPTER XXVI • CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS LAW BROUGHT TO ARIZONA • Governor Goodwin followed Poston in Congress, despite strong opposition • Elections, Officials and , Legislatures McCormick's Continued Successes Establishment from both the delegate, whos~ strength had singularly waned, and Judge Allyn, of Courts Creation of Counties Highways Yuma Land Dispute A Loyal Peo- whose animosity, according to several private letters of -the period, was , per­ ple Fremont's Governorship Divorces and Lotteries The Thieving Thirteenth- sonal. But Goodwin received 707 votes, Allyn; 376, and Poston, only 260. Bullion Tax Repeal. , The offiee of delegate still remained in the official family at the third elec­ tion , whereat was chosen Coles Bashford, a former Governor of Michigan, who illay 26, 1864, an election was called by Governor Goodwin, to be held July had been serving at attorney general. He received 1,009 votes. Chas. D. 18. Poston, who was well-known in the South, was elected delegate to Congress, Poston again unsuccessfully tried his strength with the voters, receiving 518 on a platform that called for suppo'rt of the Union. He was opposed by W. H. votes, and Samuel Adams tailed with 168 votes. • Bradshaw, a ·democrat. Charles Leib, a Union man, also polled some votes. In 1868 the official family was endorsed again by the voters, for McCormick , - . The campaign was not devoid of bitterness, there being claims that Poston even passed from the office of governor to that of delegate. He received 1,237 ,"otes, had "rung in" Papago Indian voters. Poston later admitted that he did little . while his opponents, John A. Rush and Adams respectively had only 836 and in Congress, wherein he likened himself to a tadpole among frogs. Congres$ 32 votes. Poston complained with bittern~ss that McCormick had traded the was concerned in little but the war and its results. The Arizona delegate was capital for the vote of Pima County. ThiS contention was sustained to a ' degree • , • given gratifying attention when he took the floor to talk on irrigation and secured by the fact that the capital was moved, though assuredly not OIL any strength an appropriation for a canal on the Mojave r eservation. Extended reference from Northern Arizona that might have been controlled by McCormick. ' to. Poston's service will 'be found in a special chapter elsewhere in this volum ~, , . In 1870 McCormick was re-elected, receiving 1,882 votes, over Peter R. The law was established in Arizona by the assignment of , the judges to sta. Brady, who, though a democrat of notable standing, received only 832. In tions. Howell was given the first district, with his court at Tucson, Allyn the 1872 McCormick again was elected, apparently with no opposition, for 2,522 second, at La Paz, and Turner the third, at Prescott. , votes are credited to him, which would have meant not far from the ordinary I 'fill a bond issue later was floated, little money was available for public uses, voting strength of the territory. outside of the Federal pay roll. Up to Novemb~r 1, 1865, the total receipts or There was a change in 1874. It is evident that political lines had not been • the territorial treasurer had been only $1,189.06, nearly all turned in by t h,e , severely drawn and that the personal popularity of the candidates had counted four counties. ' for much. With the' retirement of McCormick, a democrat became delegate in The members of the Legislature, of whom a list will be found elsewhere, had the person of Hiram S. Stevens, whose vote was 1,442, compared with the vote I been elected more or less at large. In the code adopted was made a division of of his republican adversaries, C. C. Bean, 1,076, and John Smith, 571. A the territory into counties, named after Indian tribes of their localities, namely, story has come down concerning the novel way in which Stevens is said to , , Mohave (probably an unintentional anglicizing of the Spanish ::\fojave ) , with have forwarded his candidacy by distributing $25,000 among the gamblers county seat at Mojave City; Yuma (the only' one that has preserved its • of Arizona to bet upon him, the gamblers to take the winnings and he to take boundaries to this day), with county seat at La Paz; Pima, embracing the back his ca.pital. A gambler was a political force in those days, and it is Gadsen Purchase, south of the Gila, with county seat at Tucson; and Yavapai, • probable that they threw much influence towards Stevens in' order to win the north of the Gila and covering more than half the territory 'S area, 'with county money, and it is entirely probable also that Stevens r eceived back every cent seat at Prescott. of his investment. Stevens was re-elected in 1876, though it was a rather . The governors of the early days, in order, were: John N. Goodwin, from narrow squeeze, probably because he could riot use his scheme twice. He was August 21, 1863; R. C. McCormick, from April 10, 1866; A. P. K. Safford, from opposed by two exceptionally strong men, Wm. H. Hardy, the Mohave County April 7, 1869, and John P. Hoyt, from April 5, 1877, till the coming of Fre­ • mont in 1878. The secretaries for the same period were McCormick under pioneer, a republ~can, and Granville H. Oury, who had always handsomely Goodwin, T. P. T. Cartter under McCormick, and Coles Bashford and John P. represented the southern element. Stevens won, but his vote was only 1,194, Hardy receiving 1,099 .votes and Oury, 1,007. 324 • • • - • - • , • • • • • • - 326 ARIZONA THE YOUNGEST STATE ARIZONA THE YOUNGEST STATE 327 In 1878 the struggle for Congress was a sort of free-for-all, participated in a branch to the Town of Weaver, and to collect 5 cents a mile. The list of by Stevens, John G. Campbell, a Yavapai County stockman, King S. Woolsey, incorporators included Bob Groom, Richard Gird, R. C. McCormick, J. T. Alsap, the noted Indian fighter, and A. E. Davis. Campbell was elected, with 1,4.52 Jackson McCracken, Jack .Swilling and King S. Woolsey. To the eastward votes, then following Davis, 1,097, Stevens, 1,090, and Woolsey, 822. It is a Edmund W. Wells, King S. Woolsey and others, constituting the Prescott and very odd fact that though Campbell served his term in Congress, it was found Fort Wingate Road Company, were given the exclusive privilege to construct after his death that he had never been a citizen of the United States., He had and operate a toll road from Prescott to Fort Wingate. • presumed that citizenship had been given by his father, but in this was in error. A ferry franchise was granted to Samuel Todd, giving him exclusive right The first law passed by the new Legislative Assembly, approved O~tober on the Colorado River at Mojave City. A similar fra.nchise was granted to 1, 1864, authorized the governor to appoint a commissioner to prepare and William D. Bradshaw at La Paz. • report a code of laws for the use and consideration of the Legislature. As such Railroads also were held in esteem. Henry Sage, Richard Gird and a half commissioner was appointed Judge Wm. T. Hnwell, to whom later was paid dozen others were authorized to construct and operate a railroad from the the sum of $2,500. The Howell code for several years thereafter was the law Castle Dome mines to Castle Dome City and were to have -a passenger tariff of the land and still is considered by lawyers a legal compilation of high merit. of 10 cents a mile. Annther corporation, 'the Arizona Railroad Company, had Possibly coming to the assistance of some harassed debtor, the Legislature an official flav or in that it was headed by John N. Goodwin and Richard C. enacted "that no indebtedness or liability incuned. ' . or judgment McCormick. Its aspirations were ambitious, to connect Guaymas and other • recovered . against any person prior to his arrival in this territory Pacific ports, through Tubac, with Tucson and thence to the Town of La Paz, , • • shall be binding or have any effect whatever or be in any way enforced in any with an exclusive right to locate a line of road across the territory. court in this tenitory for the term of four years from the date of the passage of this act." The act was repealed the following year. CONSIDERING THE APACHE That the history of Arizona even at that time was considered of some value dissatisfied with the operations of the ' regular army, authorization • Possibl~ was indicated by nfficial approval of the incorporation of the Arizona Historical was given the governor for raising not over six companies of rangers, not to - Society, whereof the members were Secretary McCormick, W. Claude Jone~ . exceed 600 men, to be employed in a campaign against hostile Apaches. rl'he , Allen L. Anderson, Gilbert W. Hawkins, King S. Woolsey, Henry O. Bigelow, • expense was to be met by the issuance of $100,000 in territorial bonds to bear A.