The Shurangama Sutra
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金 輪 通 訊 第219期,2011年 9/10月 -1- Gold Wheel Sagely Monastery Newsletter, Issue #219, September/October 2011 ܛ఼ੈ! Gold Wheel Sagely Monastery Newsletter 235 North Avenue 58, Los Angeles, CA 90042 Tel: (323) 258-6668 www.goldwheel.org !ᄂܧᘲᄘк͕གྷگˠ..ਠࡶ˯̳ކ ! ៍ҋдඳᖠ! ! 迴光返照觀自在 覺諸有情即薩埵 如如不動心君泰 了了常明主人公 六種神通渾閒事 八方風雨更無驚 卷之則退藏於密 放之則彌六合中 The Heart of Prajna Paramita Sutra with “Verses Without a Stand” Composed by Venerable Master Hsuan Hua Avalokiteshvara Bodhisattva Reversing the light to reflect within, contemplating at ease, Avalokiteshvara enlightens all the sentient beings; hence, a Bodhisattva. With a mind that is thus, thus, unmoving, a superior one at peace; With total understanding of the ever‐shining, he is host and master. Six types of psychic powers are nothing unusual; Winds and rains of the eight directions are neither alarming. Rolled up, it is hidden in secrecy; unfolded, it fills the entire world. ώഇ̰ट ! Table of Contents 3!!!̂Ңࢵ່ᚑགྷᛖ! 2 The Shurangama Sutra ! ! ᚗጪགྷᛖ! 9 The Sixth Patriarch’s Dharma Jewel Platform Sutraڱয়̱!!!: ! Major Figures and Events in China 13 !ۏѺѐࢲำˠܕ઼̚!!24 ! During the Past Century ! ! 金 輪 通 訊 第219期,2011年 9/10月 -2- Gold Wheel Sagely Monastery Newsletter, Issue #219, September/October 2011 The Shurangama Sutra A Simple Explanation by Venerable Master Hsuan Hua (Continued from issue #218) )ତ˯ഇ*! ! The second paramita practiced by Bodhi- ᘲᄘĈдҢି㗗Ă sattvas is keeping moral precepts. This is oneگĞ˟ğԦ ķĂԦಶߏĶͤ of the most important aspects of Buddha’sޠࢦࢋ۞ߏĶԦ teachings. What are precepts? Precepts are -ķǕǕͤೋĂͤҝ˘̷۞ rules of moral conduct to which Buddhist disܧೋ֨ ೋĂԯೋְౌͤҝăઃͤ˞ć֨ ciples must firmly adhere. The precepts can ಶߏĶ࿅ direct you at deterring evil and defendingܧĂ֨౯ѣ࿅Ăܧ against mistakes. When you uphold the pre- ķĄઇ̙၆˞ĂಶΨĶܧķć cepts, you are required to restrain yourself ઇ၆˞ĂಶΨĶߏķǕǕ˵ from committing bad actions, thus conducting -ಶߏĶኜೋ̙үķĂٙѣ˘̷۞ yourself properly towards practicing whole .ᗼְౌ̙ࢋઇćĶிච؇ҖķĂ some deeds ?ٙѣ˘̷рְౌࢋΝઇĄ How many kinds of precepts are there ԦߏĶኜೋ̙үĂிච؇ Laypeople who already took refuge with!!!!! the Triple Jewel – the Buddha, the Dharma, ҖķĄտౣĶԦķѣк͌ĉԦ and the Sangha – and wished to make progress -кĂૄώ۞ߏĶ̣ԦķĄ should take the Five Precepts, namely, no killޝѣ -дछˠ˲ߏ࠲ֶˬᚗ۞Ăࢋߏຐ ing, no stealing, no sexual misconduct, no ly ing, and no intoxicants. After having received the Five Precepts, laypeople can proceed even צࡁտăซՎ۞ྖĂಶࢋ݈ـГ ซ further by taking the Eight Precepts. Another݈ـĂГޢԦ̝̣צԦć̣ ȈԦćȈԦĂ stage surpassing the Eight Precepts is the TenצޢˣԦĂצՎĂ ԆՒᑓԦĂઇ Precepts of a Shramanera (novice). When theצಶߏՒᑓԦ˞Ą Shramanera Precepts are received, those who Ѻ̣Ȉ୧ wish to become fully-ordained, i.e., leaving the˟צछˠĂಶࢋГ ԦĂߏͧćͧκѣˬѺα home-life, can take the Two Hundred Fifty Ȉˣ୧ԦĄඳᖠ˵ѣԦĂඳᖠѣ Precepts of a Bhikshu (monk) or the Three Hundred Forty-Eight precepts of a Bhikshuni -ȈࢦαȈˣᅅԦćȈߏࢦ۞Ă (nun). There are also the Ten Major and Forty ࢦ۞ Eight Minor Bodhisattva Precepts. The firstޝαȈˣߏᅅ۞ĄȈߏ -ཋĂҰࡶϚ˞Ăߏ఼̙ᚚॄ۞ć ten are called “major” because one cannot re pent and reform for violation of any of these 金 輪 通 訊 第219期,2011年 9/10月 -3- Gold Wheel Sagely Monastery Newsletter, Issue #219, September/October 2011 ᅅ۞ཋĂҰࡶϚ˞ĂᔘΞͽ ten. In contrast, violating the minor preceptsֱ֤ Լ࿅ҋາĄ allows the possibility for one to reform and begin anew. -ᙱ When the Buddha almost entered NirܠдҢˢঠႄ۞ॡ࣏Ă!!!! ۰ͽαְኛયĂᄲĈĶҢд͵۞ vana, Venerable Ananda asked him four -ॡ࣏ĂͽҢࠎरĂҢߏԧࣇ۞र questions, one of which was: “When the Bud dha was in the world, he was our master; after Ăኡߏԧࣇ۞ the Buddha enters Nirvana, who will be ourޢćҢˢঠႄ̝ͭ रͭĉķҢಶӘ෦ĈĶԧˢ master?” The Buddha told him, “After I enter ঠႄ̝ޢĂҰࣇͽԦࠎरĄķ Nirvana, you should take the precepts as your master.” He meant to say that those who had ߏӘ෦छˠǕǕӘ෦ٙѣ۞ left the home-life, namely, Bhikshus and ͧăͧκĂࢋĶͽԦࠎरķĄ Bhikshunis should take the precepts as their .ᆃдछˠࡶຐࢋՐԦâؠࢋ master֤ ШछˠֽՐԦ۞ĄԦĂಶߏ Laypeople can receive precepts they ԯԦගҰ࣎ˠâؠࢋͧ wish to seek only from those who has left the ,Ăώ home-life. When the precepts are transmitted˯ޠ̖ਕԦćдҢ۞Ԧ ߏ̙ࣞͧκ็Ԧ۞ĄٙͽԦ the precept-substance must be bestowed onֽ the recipient and certified by a Bhikshu. Ac- ޠ˵ѣՒᑓԦăͧԦăඳᖠԦĂ cording to the Buddha’s precepts, Bhikshunis ѣޝкĄ cannot transmit precepts. Besides these pre- ! cepts, there are also, as mentioned earlier, the Shramanara precepts, Bhikshu precepts, and .Bodhisattva precepts. There are many kinds צԧࣇˠࡶຐ࣒âؠࢋ!!!! ԦćҰࡶਕчҝஐԦវĂಶည লሬᚗ֤ᆃ࡚ᚊǕǕ֏Ұ Absolutely essential is the receipt of precepts for those who wish to cultivate the ࣎ˠਕчԦĂಶ൘тᚗ˘ Way. If you can guard the pure precept- -ѣᆊࣃ۞Ą݈ೀ͇ԧ substance, then you are as valuable as a pre૱ܧᇹĂߏ रಶЯ cious pearl. As I have told you several daysޠކߏᓾ࿅Ăݑ̙̋ ago, Vinaya Master Dau Hsuan (“Proclaimer ࠎԦрĂຏ͇ˠֽග of the Way”), who lived on Jhong Nan ਖ਼ֻዳĂගਖ਼ฺЫĄٙͽ࣎ Mountain during the Tang Dynasty, held the ԦᇇĂߏࢋღăࢋღ۞ĄҰ precepts so well that gods made offerings of Ă֤ food to him. The precept virtue is extremelyྖ۞ޠчԦ̙ڍĂтڱጯҢ important. If you study the Buddhadharma but Ұጯ̦ᆃౌрည̄д႒ͪǕ fail to uphold the precepts, then the study you .ѣ༹࣎ᒬĂҰ྅˯ have acquired is analogous to a leaky bottle˭غǕ̄ ͪĂιಶ႒˞ćҰࡶਕчԦ And the water you pour still drains through the hole at the bottom of the bottle, for example. ĉ˳҃˳̝Ăಶ႒˞Ąԧࣇ But if you abide the precepts at all times, there .ˠ࣎֗វĂౌߏѣ႒۞֗វć will be eventually no outflows ࣎ѣ႒۞நĂԧனд̙ਕ̳ The human body has outflows. In the ฟ၆Ұࣇᓾ۞ĄҰࣇࣹ˘࣎ˠࡶ meantime, I will not discuss publicly the Ăࢋ࣎Ҿ˘࣎ˠ principle of outflow now. Those who want toܝڱຐጯ႒۞ -࣎ˠгֽኛયĈĶިᆃᇹ̄ know more about the dharma-door of non˘ 金 輪 通 訊 第219期,2011年 9/10月 -4- Gold Wheel Sagely Monastery Newsletter, Issue #219, September/October 2011 ਕ႒ĉķ֤ԧಶᓾගҰĄ outflow may come forward individually and̖ -request from me for answers to your ques ̄ڱЯࠎனд̳ฟᓾĂ՟ tions in mind such as: “How can I be with- ᓾćҰࣇኡࡶຐࢋ႒Ă̙Ӹѣ out outflow?” Then I will tell you. Again, I ॡม۞ॡֽ࣏ԧᓾĄ cannot talk about it in public now. But ! anyone who wants to attain non-outflow can come and ask me if you have time. ӻޝߏڱனдԧࣇᓾ࣎!!!! -ᔵӻĂᔘᅮࢋѣӻ Now we are speaking of a very wonڱĂΞߏ۞ -Ą࣎Ķӻˠķ derful dharma. The dharma is indeed wonڱˠֽኛ࣎ӻ derful; requesting thus requires a wondrous person. And this wondrous person happens ڍЩΨĶڱ෪Ă۞ٽಶߏ टķĄ̂ࡗߏαặѐֽ݈۞Ă to be Yi Xiang Qian. His dharma name is ॡ࣏ҢିᓾૅᔘдᖠᇇූĂ Guo Rong. He came here four or five year֤ ҢିᓾૅጯχӱĂጯ˞˘ੱ ago when the Buddha Lecture Hall wasֽ once located on Sa De street. Since then, ഁ˫ֽ˞Ăࢋߏͽ he‘s been coming here intermittently toٸĄனд̄ Ă̂ࡗಶߏ࠻࠻ᑚĂٕ۰ߏኯ learn meditation. It is now summer break݈ ኯćᓁ҃֏̝ĂԱ˘ᕇऎሄĄ for some; yet for him, he chooses to return here. If he does not come as he often has in ˘аިᆃᇹબĉ˯༊˞Ċ the past, he might have instead gone to a ᆃ༊ĉࢋጯĮ່ᚑགྷį movie theater, to a gambling place, or to̦˞˯ -༊Ą other entertainment centers. What hap۞ pened to him this time? He got tricked! How so? In his willingness to study the !!!!˘ਠˠ֍Ķ˯༊ķĂ͕ Shurangama Sutra. 㗗ౌ୲˞ĂᄲĈĶબĂа̙ People would usually freeze over the ˞˞Ă˯˞࣎༊Ċķࠎ̦ᆃ˯ notion of ‘getting tricked’. Someone may ķߏ˘࣎ say, “Oh no! I got tricked!” Why did he getົڱ༊ĉ࣎Ķ່ᚑ -tricked? This Shurangama Dharma As ڱĂ˵ߏ˘࣎ᙱ۞ົڱࡴ۞ .ม˝ᕇ sembly is the most bitter dharma assemblyזĂϤѝ̱ᕇᛗĂົ It is also the most difficult dharma assem- ጯ७㗗˵՟ѣ bly. Its schedule consisting of daily sessionsזᛗĄҰᄲĂ ᆃк۞ኝĊΞߏԧࣇனдߏ that begin at 6:00 a.m. and conclude at 9:00 Ķࢋ˞ϠѪķ۞ጯ७Ăԧࣇனд p.m. is much more rigorous than regular school‘s. Nevertheless, it is a school that ߏĶҖྋ࠹ᑕķ۞ጯ७ĂࢋҖྋ aims to end birth and death. It is a school ࠹ᑕĄ that concentrates on practice and under- standing. ٙͽᓾĮ່ᚑགྷįĂಶߏ From the study of the Shurangama!!!! ĶྋķćԧࣇӱᒪĂಶߏĶҖķĄ Sutra we derive understanding; from inves- ࢋྋҖ֭ซĂ̖Ψཙኼ၁г tigating dhyana we set our practice. By Җ၁ኹ֤ᆃΝઇâᕇ˵̙ combining practice and understanding, we practically set a firm footing in cultivation, âᕇ˵̙ਕᙾҋ̎۞Ą̙ impregnable to oversight or deceit. This is۞ ਕᙾˠĂҰࡶᙾˠĂಶߏᙾҋ̎Ą something you cannot cheat on others. If னдԧᄲҰ˯༊˞Ăϒߏ̙˯ you cheat on others, you are cheating your- self. What I said earlier about your being 金 輪 通 訊 第219期,2011年 9/10月 -5- Gold Wheel Sagely Monastery Newsletter, Issue #219, September/October 2011 ༊ĂߏࢋྋՙҰϠѪ۞યᗟĂ tricked is the fact that you were ֽ֤ߏҰ̂۞˘࣎ӀৈĂٙ not tricked at all. This will help solve your problem on issues -ͽ˘ؠࢋྋҖ֭ซ۞Ą! about birth and death. In the fu ture, it will be to your greatest -ᓾĶྋҖ֭ซķĂԧᓝ benefit. Therefore you must si multaneously advance in both .࣎ͧಔĄ̦ᆃͧಔĉѣ˘࣎ understanding and practice˘ ˘ˠ˘࣎ឨ̄Ă࣎ˠҝд۠ кˠ˵ֽᑒࣇ The following example willޝĂᔘѣ help illustrate the importance of кˠҝдഏٗ̄㗗 exercising understanding alongޝѓĂ۞ -with practice. In a family com ەᙝĄѣ˘͇Ă۞ˠౌΝ ˞Ă̙ߏΝˬᘸξҢିᓾૅጯ pound lived a blind man and a Į່ᚑགྷįĂߏઇ̦ᆃΝ˞ĉ crippled man. There were also several other people living with ,ҘĂ them and assisting them. One dayڌࡗٕ۰Ν౦Ăٕ۰෴̂ -۰ΝČČĂᓁ҃֏̝Ă࣎͵ everyone had gone out to go fishٕ ม˯̦ᆃְଐࣇౌࢋΝઇ˘ ing, or shopping or attend other activities that most people usually ઇĂಶ౺˭˘࣎ឨ̄ă˘࣎ሺ enjoy doing, leaving the blind man ̄дछ㗗˞ĄҰᄲĂಶᆃμĂ and the crippled man at the com- มٗ̄ಶͫ˞ĊҰᄲިᆃ pound.