Material Bernini

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Material Bernini Material Bernini Edited by Evonne Levy and Carolina Mangone Routledge R Taylor & Francis Croup LONDON AND NEW YORK Contents List of Illustrations vii Contributors xHi Preface xvii Acknowledgments xxi Abbreviations xxiii Obstacles in the Path to a Material Bernini (1900-Present) 1 Evonne Levy PART I: IMMATERIAL/MATERIAL The Matter of Metaphor: Truth, Sculpture, and the Word 23 Maarten Delbeke Im/material Bernini 39 Fabio Barry Bernini scultore pittoresco 69 Carolina Mangone Body and Clay: Material Agency from an Early Modern Perspective 105 Joris van Gastel PART II: CLAY BOZZETTI What Is a Bozzetto? 123 Michael Cole Bernini's Bozzetti and the Trope of Fire 147 Steven F. Ostrozv The Concept of Bernini's "Calculated Spontaneity" A Critical Reassessment 169 Tara L. Nadeau vi MATERIAL BERNINI Bernini/Not Bernini: Reflections on the Role of Technical Evidence in the Attribution of Bernini's Terracottas 187 CD. Dickerson III and Anthony Sigel Bibliography 219 Index 239 Illustrations Cover image: Gianlorenzo Bernini, 3.4 Gianlorenzo Bernini and Cathedra Petri, detail, 1647-53, gilt bronze, Guillaume Courtois, apse with St. Peter's Basilica, Vatican. (Photo: © Martyrdom of St. Andrew, 1668, Alessandro Vasari) S. Andrea al Quirinale, Rome. (Photo: Fabio Barry) The Matter of Metaphor: Truth, 3.5 Gianlorenzo Bernini, lateral portal Sculpture, and the Word of Cornaro Chapel, 1647-52, S. Maria della Rome. Fabio 2.1 Gianlorenzo Bernini, Truth, 1645, Vittoria, (Photo: marble, Galleria Borghese, Rome. Barry) of (Photo: Scala, Florence—courtesy 3.6 Gianlorenzo Bernini, back wall of le Attivita the Ministero per i Beni e Cornaro Chapel, 1647-52, S. Maria della Culturali) Vittoria, Rome. (Photo: Fabio Barry) 2.2 Francois Spierre after Lazzaro 3.7 Odoricus, Tessellated Pavement, Baldi, frontispiece to Giovanni Borboni, detail, 1268, Westminster Abbey, Delle statue (Rome: Nella stamparia di London. (Photo: © Dean and Chapter of Iacomo Fei, 1661). (Photo: Bibliotheca Westminster, London) Hertziana) 3.8 "Rustic Gate XXIX," in Sebastiano Serlio, Tutte d'architettura, book 6, Im/material Bernini Vopere Libro estraordinario (Venice: Francesco de' 3.1 Gianlorenzo Bernini, Comoro Chapel, Franceschi, 1584), 17. (Photo: Fabio Barry) 1647-52, S. Maria della Vittoria, Rome. 3.9 "Pyramid of Diffusion of Light (Photo: Richard Wittman) into Matter," in Athanasius Kircher, 3.2 Guidobaldo Abattini (attr.), The Obeliscus Pamphilius (Rome: Grignani, Cornaro Chapel, ca. 1651, oil on canvas, 1650), 169. (Photo: Fabio Barry) Staatliches Museum Schwerin. (Photo: 3.10 "Pyramid of Light and Pyramid Erich Lessing) of Darkness within the Circuit of the 3.3 Gianlorenzo Bernini, interior view Universe," in Athanasius Kircher, of S. Andrea al Quirinale, 1658-71, Rome. Obeliscus Pamphilius (Rome: Grignani, (Photo: Richard Wittman) 1650), 171. (Photo: Fabio Barry) Viii MATERIAL BERNINI 3.11 "Hierarchy of the Elements and Fogg Art Museum Funds (1937.68). Angelic Choirs," in Athanasius Kircher, (Photo: Imaging Department © Musurgia Universalis (Rome: Corbelletti, President and Fellows of Harvard 1650), 2:450. (Photo: Fabio Barry) College) 3.12 Raphael and Gianlorenzo Bernini, 4.3 Gianlorenzo Bernini, Portrait of Chigi Chapel, begun 1513, completed a Young Man, ca. 1627, oil on canvas, 1655, S. Maria del Popolo, Rome. Vatican Museum, Vatican State. (Photo: (Photo: Fabio Barry) Scala/Art Resource, NY) 3.13 Gianlorenzo Bernini, Pio Chapel, 4.4 Gianlorenzo Bernini, Angel with 1647-52, S. Agostino, Rome. (Photo: the Scourge, detail, ca. 1667-68, Fabio Barry) terracotta, Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 3.14 Francesco Rustici, Allegory of Alpheus Hyatt Purchasing and Friends Painting and Architecture, ca. 1621-22, of the Fogg Art Museum Funds oil on canvas, Galleria degli Uffizi, (1937.68). (Photo: Anthony Sigel Florence. (Composite image made by © 2015 President and Fellows of the author. Photos: Ministero per i Beni Harvard College) e le Attivita Culturali Soprintendenza 4.5 Gianlorenzo Portrait Speciale per il Patrimonio Storico, Bernini, of a oil on Galleria Artistico ed Etnoantropologico e per il Youth, 1623-34, canvas, Polo Museale della citta di Firenze) Borghese, Rome. (Photo: Scala/Art Resource, NY) 3.15 Giovanni Lanfranco, Assumption of the Virgin, 1625-28, fresco, S. Andrea 4.6 Gianlorenzo Bernini, David and della Valle, Rome. (Photo: Fabio Barry) Goliath, 1623, oil on canvas, Palazzo Barberini, Galleria Nazionale d'Arte 3.16 Baciccio, Apotheosis of St. Ignatius, Antica, Rome. (Photo: Scala/Ministero ca. 1685, oil on canvas, Galleria per i Beni e le Attivita culturali/Art Nazionale di Arte Moderna, Rome. Resource, NY) (Photo: Web Gallery of Art) 4.7 Guercino, Apollo and Marsyas, ca. 1619-21, oil on canvas, Collezione dei Bernini scultore pittoresco dipinti antichi della Banca Popolare 4.1 Gianlorenzo Bernini, Head dell'Emilia Romagna, Modena. (Photo: Erich of St. Jerome, ca. 1661, terracotta, Lessing/Art Resource, NY) Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, 4.8 Pier Francesco Mola, Portrait Cambridge, Massachusetts, Alpheus of Pope Alexander VII, ca. 1659, oil on Hyatt and Friends of the Purchasing canvas, private collection. (Photo: Fogg Art Museum Funds (1937.77). Palazzo Chigi, Ariccia) (Photo: Imaging Department © President 4.9 Alessandro Head and Fellows of Harvard College) Algardi, of St. Paul, ca. 1634, terracotta, Museo 4.2 Gianlorenzo Bernini, with the Angel Nazionale del Palazzo di Venezia, Rome Scourge, detail, ca. 1667-68, terracotta, (PV 13228). (Photo: Soprintendenza Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, Speciale per il Patrimonio Storico Cambridge, Massachusetts, Alpheus Artistico ed Etnoantropologico per il Hyatt Purchasing and Friends of the Polo Museale della Citta di Roma) Illustrations ix 4.10 Gianlorenzo Bernini, Allegorical Body and Clay: Material Agency from Figure, detail, 1630-31, terracotta, an Early Modern Perspective Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, 5.1 Woodcut in Agnolo Cambridge, Massachusetts, Alpheus Firenzuola, Prose (Florence: Giunti, Hyatt Purchasing and Friends of the 1548), 105r. (Photo: Staats- und Fogg Art Museum Funds (1937.75). Universitatsbibliothek Hamburg Carl (Photo: Imaging Department von © President and Fellows of Harvard Ossietzky) College) 5.2 Parmigianino, Madonna with the oil on 4.11 Gianlorenzo Bernini, Long Neck, 1535^40, wood, Galleria Uffizi, Florence. Half-Kneeling Angel, detail, 1672, degli (Photo: Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain) terracotta, Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Massachusetts, Museum, Cambridge, 5.3 "Natura Potentior Ars," etching and Friends Alpheus Hyatt Purchasing in Giovan Battista Pittoni, Imprese di of the Art Museum Funds Fogg diversiprencipi, duchi, signori, e d'altri (Photo: Department (1937.66). Imaging personaggi et huomini letterati et illustri © President and Fellows of Harvard (Venice: s.n., 1562), no. 51. (Photo: College) www.archive.org/PublicDomain) 4.12 Gianlorenzo Bernini, Bust of Pope Urban VIII, ca. 1658, bronze, partly gilt What Is a Bozzetto? private collection, Florence. (Photo: Model © Arrigo Coppitz) 6.1 Gianlorenzo Bernini, for the Lion on the Four Rivers Fountain, 4.13 Gianlorenzo Bernini, Bust of ca. 1649-50, terracotta, Accademia Pope Urban VIII, ca. 1632, bronze and Nazionale di San Luca, Rome. (Photo: © porphyry, private collection, Rome. 2012 Zeno Colantoni) (Photo: © Arrigo Coppitz) 6.2 Antonio Raggi (attr.), Sea Deity 4.14 Gianlorenzo Bernini, Bust of Pope with Dolphin, ca. 1652-53, terracotta, Urban VIII, detail, ca. 1658, partly gilt Collection of Gerolamo and Roberta Etro, bronze, private collection, Florence. Milan. (Photo: © 2015 Anthony Sigel) (Photo: © Arrigo Coppitz) 6.3 Gianlorenzo Bernini, Self-portrait, 4.15 Gianlorenzo Bernini, Bust of c. 1635, Galleria Borghese, Rome. Pope Gregory XV, ca. 1621-22, bronze, (Photo: Scala/Art Resource, NY) Carnegie Museum of Art, Pittsburgh, 72.8. Howard A. Noble Fund, (Photo: 6.4 Gianlorenzo Bernini, Head of Tom Little) St. Jerome, detail, ca. 1661, terracotta, Harvard Art Museum, 4.16 Alessandro Algardi, Bust of Museums/Fogg Massachusetts, Alpheus Pope Innocent X, ca. 1650, bronze and Cambridge, and Friends of the porphyry, Palazzo Doria Pamphilj, Hyatt Purchasing Art Museum Funds Rome. (Photo: Saskia, Ltd.) Fogg (1937.77). (Photo: Anthony Sigel © 2015 President 4.17 Pier Francesco Mola, Portrait and Fellows of Harvard College) of Pope Innocent X, ca. 1650-52, oil on 6.5 Gianlorenzo Head canvas, Palazzo Chigi, Ariccia. (Photo: Bernini, of Palazzo Chigi, Ariccia) St. Jerome, detail, ca. 1661, terracotta, X MATERIAL BERNINI of on National Gallery Art, Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, paper, D.C., Woodner Collection, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Alpheus Washington, the Patron's Permanent Fund 1991.190.2. Hyatt Purchasing and Friends of National Gallery of Art, Fogg Art Museum Funds (1937.77). (Photo: D.C.) (Photo: Anthony Sigel © 2015 President Washington, and Fellows of Harvard College) 6.13 Giambologna, or workshop, a Fountain, ca. 1571—75, 6.6 Gianlorenzo Bernini, Four Members Drawingfor and brown ink over black chalk, of the Cornaro Family, ca. 1647-49, pen Ashmolean Museum, Oxford. (Photo: terracotta, Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Ashmolean Museum, Oxford) Museum, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Alpheus Hyatt Purchasing and Friends Funds of the Fogg Art Museum Bernini's Bozzetti and the Trope (1937.73). (Photo: Imaging Department of Fire © President and Fellows of Harvard College) 7.1 Gianlorenzo Bernini, Angel with the Superscription, ca. 1667-68, 6.7 Giambologna, Rape of a Sabine, terracotta, Museo Nazionale del ca. 1579-80,
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