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Jewish Ffairs Affairs Jewish Affairs Jewish J EEWISHW I S H A FFFAIRSFA I R S 1897 1947 1917 1967 2017 Price R50,00 incl. VAT Registered at the GPO as a Newspaper ISSN 0021 • 6313 Y&R1508565 Wishing you a sweet celebration and prosperous year ahead. Shana Tova Umetukah. Specialist Banking Asset Management Wealth & Investment Investec Limited and its subsidiaries, including Investec Bank Limited - 1969/004763/06, registered credit providers and authorised financial service providers. Johannesburg 011 286 7000 Cape Town 021 416 1000 Durban 031 575 4000 Pretoria 012 427 8300 Port Elizabeth 041 396 6700. MISSION EDITORIAL BOARD In publishing JEWISH AFFAIRS, the SA EXECUTIVE EDITOR Jewish Board of Deputies aims to produce a cultural forum which caters for a wide David Saks SA Jewish Board of Deputies variety of interests in the community. The journal will be a vehicle for the publication of ACADEMIC ADVISORY BOARD articles of significant thought and opinion on Suzanne Belling Author and Journalist contemporary Jewish issues, and will aim to Dr Louise Bethlehem Hebrew University of Jerusalem encourage constructive debate, in the form of Marlene Bethlehem SA Jewish Board of Deputies reasoned and researched essays, on all matters Cedric Ginsberg University of South Africa of Jewish and general interest. Professor Marcia Leveson JEWISH AFFAIRS aims also to publish essays Naomi Musiker Archivist and Bibliographer of scholarly research on all subjects of Jewish Isaac Reznik interest, with special emphasis on aspects Gwynne Schrire SA Jewish Board of Deputies of South African Jewish life and thought. Dr Gabriel A Sivan World Jewish Bible Centre Scholarly research papers that make an original Professor Gideon Shimoni Hebrew University of Jerusalem contribution to their chosen field of enquiry Professor Milton Shain University of Cape Town will be submitted to the normal processes of academic refereeing before being accepted The Hon. Mr Justice Ralph Zulman for publication. ADVERTISING AND SUBSCRIPTIONS – Shirley Beagle ENQUIRIES [email protected] JEWISH AFFAIRS will promote Jewish 011 645 2583 cultural and creative achievement in South TYPESETTING/PRINTING – Bookpress, Johannesburg Africa, and consider Jewish traditions and heritage within the modern context. It aims to provide future researchers with a window on the community’s reaction to societal © South African Jewish Board of Deputies 2017 challenges. In this way the journal hopes Permission to reprint material from JEWISH AFFAIRS should be critically to explore, and honestly to confront, applied for from problems facing the Jewish community both The South African Jewish Board of Deputies in South Africa and abroad, by examining JEWISH AFFAIRS is published 3 times annually national and international affairs and their impact on South Africa. Annual subscription R150 including VAT and postage Overseas Subscriptions R300 The SA Jewish Board of Deputies is committed Postal Address: PO Box 87557, Houghton 2041 to dialogue and free enquiry. It aims to protect [email protected] human rights and to strive for better relations among peoples of diverse cultural backgrounds Original, unpublished essays of between 1 000 and 6 000 words on in South Africa. all subjects are invited, and should be sent to: The columns of JEWISH AFFAIRS will The Editor, JEWISH AFFAIRS, PO Box 87557, Houghton 2041, therefore be open to all shades of opinion. [email protected] The views expressed by the contributors will be their own, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editor, the Editorial Board or the Publishers. However, in keeping with the provisions of the National Constitution, the freedom of Cover Image speech exercised in this journal will exclude Section of a certificate issued to mark the founding of the the dissemination of hate propaganda, personal state of Israel, 1948. attacks or invective, or any material which may be regarded as defamatory or malicious. In all such matters, the Editor’s decision is final. VOL. 72 NO. 2 ROSH HASHANAH 2017 Editor: David Saks OBITUARY Elaine Katz Kathy Munroe ..............................................................................................................................................6 MILESTONES - ZIONISM AND THE STATE OF ISRAEL The Balfour Declaration: Its genesis, birth and historical significance Rodney Mazinter .........................................................................................................................................8 On Arthur Balfour and his Zionist sympathies Cecil Bloom ...............................................................................................................................................14 29 November 1947 - How SA Jewry received the news .........................................................................19 The Great Synagogue in Jerusalem David Sher .................................................................................................................................................22 HOLOCAUST ECHOES Child of the Concentration Camp (Part 1) Don Krausz ................................................................................................................................................35 The attitude of South African Jewry to German Jews seeking asylum in South Africa Ralph Zulman .............................................................................................................................................43 One world and one human race – a moral for International Holocaust Remembrance Day, 2017 Marlene Bethlehem ....................................................................................................................................51 SOUTH AFRICAN JEWRY – HERITAGE AND HISTORY Memories of a Bygone Era: The Yiddishe Volkshul un Kindergarten in Johannesburg Shirley Zar .................................................................................................................................................56 The blue newsboy and the doctor Glenda Woolf .............................................................................................................................................62 FICTION Family Business Eugenie Freed ...........................................................................................................................................68 BOOK REVIEWS Making David into Goliath Gary Selikow ..............................................................................................................................................74 Final Solution – The Fate of the Jews 1933-1949 Isaac Reznik ...............................................................................................................................................75 Memoirs of a Hopeful Pessimist: a Life of Activism through Dialogue Gwynne Schrire .........................................................................................................................................76 The Ochberg Orphans and the horrors from whence they came (Volume Two) Lionel Slier ................................................................................................................................................78 POETRY Abigail Sarah Bagraim, Charlotte Cohen, Moe Skikne ...............................................................................80 ISRAEL Our mission is to build strong support and love for the State of Israel. Promote Aliya and travel to Israel Communicate Israel related information to the community Monitor and respond to local media and other attacks on Israel Support and develop pro-Israel organisations Increase support for Israel through outreach programmes Engage with key decision makers to communicate our narrative www.sazionfed.co.za 011 645 2601 [email protected] SAZionistFed @SAZionistFed 23 Jewish Affairs Advert_85x270_v4.indd 1 2017/07/31 1:00 PM JEWISH AFFAIRS ROSH HASHANAH 2017 ELAINE KATZ * Kathy Munroe Elaine Katz (1935-2017) Dr Elaine Katz, long serving member of the Editorial Board of Jewish Affairs, author, academic, fine researcher, scholar and a close friend and colleague passed away after a short illness on 21 February 2017. Elaine was a South African historian of distinction, possessing a fine mind, sharp sense of humour and dry wit. She had a great capacity for friendship, empathy and caring for her many friends and family. Elaine was a world authority on the history of the South African mining industry, early trade unionism, medical history and the history of Johannesburg. Her research was deep, acute in its analysis and firmly evidenced-based. She wrote with meticulous precision and her writing style was always readable. She will be remembered for her two masterful works of South African historical scholarship, which were based respectively on her M.A., earned in 1974 at the University of the Witwatersrand and on her Doctoral dissertation for which she was awarded her PhD by Wits in 1990. Elaine’s great strength was as a researcher. Her first impressive study was A Trade Union Aristocracy: the Transvaal White Working Class and the General Strike of 1913 (1976), published by the African Studies Institute at Wits. In 1994, Wits University Press published her authoritative study, White Death: Silicosis on the Witwatersrand Gold Mines 1886-1918. These two works established Elaine’s reputation as a leading historian of the South African gold mining industry. She gathered international accolades and her reputation was enhanced by her journal publications and presentations to a range of international conferences on mining history.
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