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(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2009/0041872 A1 Siegel Et Al

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(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2009/0041872 A1 Siegel Et Al US 20090041872A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2009/0041872 A1 Siegel et al. (43) Pub. Date: Feb. 12, 2009 (54) ENCAPSULATED VACCNIUM EXTRACTS (21) Appl. No.: 12/186,883 WITH BALANCED GASTRONTESTINAL Filed: RELEASE (22) Aug. 6, 2008 Related U.S. Application Data (75) Inventors: Sven Siegel, Holzminden (DE); (60) Provisional application No. 60/954,370, filed on Aug. Elvira Mavric, Holzminden (DE): 7, 2007. Gerhard Krammer, Holzminden Publication Classification (DE) (51) Int. C. A6IR 36/45 (2006.01) Correspondence Address: A6II 47/46 (2006.01) CONNOLLY BOVE LODGE & HUTZ, LLP A6IPI/00 (2006.01) 1875 EYE STREET, N.W., SUITE 1100 U.S. Cl. ......................................... 424/732: 514/772 WASHINGTON, DC 20006 (US) (52) (57) ABSTRACT (73) Assignee: Symrise GmbH & Co. KG, The invention relates to Vaccinium fruit extracts, related Holzminden (DE) preparations, production methods and uses. US 2009/0041872 A1 Feb. 12, 2009 ENCAPSULATED VACCNIUM EXTRACTS extracts of different berries were tested for their action against WITH BALANCED GASTRONTESTINAL the cell lines HT29 (intestinal cancer cells) and MCF7 (breast RELEASE cancer cells). It has been demonstrated that all the extracts had a sequentially increasing inhibitory action on cell growth in CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED concentrations of 0.025 to 0.5% (J. Agric. Food Chem., 2004, APPLICATIONS 52, 7264-7271. Inhibition of Cancer Cell Proliferation in Vitro by Fruit and Berry Extracts and Correlations with Anti 0001. This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provi Oxidant Levels). Furthermore, it was possible to demonstrate sional Application 60/954,370, filed Aug. 7, 2007. That appli that anthocyan-rich foodstuffs have a preventative action in cation is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Vivo and in vitro on various types of cancer in the digestive tract (gastrointestinal tract) (oral, esophageal, intestinal, col BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION orectal) (summarized in J. Agric. Food Chem, 2005, 53,2859 0002 Anthocyans are among the most important polyphe 2866. Analysis of Anthocyanins in Rat Intestinal Contents nolic compounds in berries. They may be present in berries in Impact of Anthocyanin Chemical Structure on Fecal an amount of up to 5000 mg/kg fresh weight. The aglycones Excretion). (anthocyanidins) most commonly occurring in nature are: 0007. It is known from folk medicine that elderberry and pelargonidin, cyanidin, delphinidin, peonidin, petunidin, cranberry extracts are used to alleviate urinary tract diseases. malvidin. The anthocyanidins present in plants are glycosid This action is likewise attributed to anthocyans. ically bound. Berries contain approximately 15 different anthocyans. Bioavailability 0003 Anthocyans are found in particularly elevated con 0008 If it is to be possible to use anthocyans for medical centration in the fruits (berries) of plants of the Vaccinium purposes and for preventing gastrointestinal diseases, it is genus. The fruits of the blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) have necessary to ensure the bioavailability of the anthocyans. This aparticularly high anthocyan content. The other species of the depends above all on how and to what extent they are Vaccinium genus also have high contents of anthocyans. absorbed and metabolized. The bioavailability of anthocyans These include the North American highbush blueberry or is on average 0.5% when administered orally to humans cultivated blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum), cowberry (Summarized in Fleschhut, J., Untersuchungen zum Metabo (Vaccinium vitis-idaea), common cranberry (Vaccinium oxy lismus, zur Bioverfigbarkeit und zur antioxidativen Wirkung coccos), large cranberry or bearberry (Vaccinium macrocar von Anthocyanen (“Investigations into metabolism, bioavail pon), Small cranberry (Vaccinium microcarpum), false berry ability and antioxidative action of anthocyans'), thesis, (Vaccinium gaultheroides), bog blueberry (Vaccinium uligi 2004). Compared with flavonoids, anthocyans have a very nosum), big huckleberry (Vaccinium membranaceum), red low bioavailability. The B-D-glycosidic form is of vital sig huckleberry (Vaccinium parvifolium), sparkleberry (Vac nificance in terms of the bioavailability and kinetics of antho cinium arboreum), ohelo berry (Vaccinium reticulatum), and cyans (J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54, 583-589: Fate of the Canadian blueberry (Vaccinium myrtilloides). Anthocyanins and Antioxidant Capacity in Contents of the 0004 Anthocyans a capable of scavenging free radicals Gastrointestinal Tract of Weanling Pigs Following Black and stabilizing them by the conjugated double bond system, Raspberry Consumption, J. Agric. Food Chem, 2005, 53. so interrupting free radical chain reactions. A protective func 2859-2866. Analysis of Anthocyanins in Rat Intestinal Con tion relative to proteins has been postulated. Polyphenols tents-Impact of Anthocyanin Chemical Structure on Fecal prevent or inhibit the formation of carbonyl compounds, Excretion). Beta-glucosidases, which are present in the body, which are capable of reacting with free amino groups and thus cleave the glycosidic residues and form aglycones. Some irreversibly modifying proteins. Polyphenols reduce lipid studies show that, after oral administration, the glycosidic peroxidation and function as free-radical scavengers (J. form of the anthocyans is absorbed (Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2001, Agric. Food Chem., 2004, 52, 7419-7424. Inhibition of pro 920-926. Anthocyanins are absorbed in glycated forms in tein and lipid oxidation in liposomes by berry phenolics). elderly women: a pharmacokinetic study), but is also recov This effect was confirmed unambiguously in vitro, the antho ered in intact, unmodified form in urine and blood. cyans of the blueberry (bilberry) proving the most effective, 0009 Absorption of individual anthocyans is determined followed by raspberries, lingonberries and blackcurrants. by the chemical properties of the aglycone and of the Sugar Consumption of fresh strawberries (240 g), freeze-dried bil residue. Absorption of the anthocyans proceeds both in the berries (100 g) and berry juices increases the antioxidative stomach and in the small intestine (Current Nutr. & Food Sci., capacity of the blood plasma by up to 30% (Current Nutr. & 2005, 1, 71-86. Potential Health Benefits of Berries). Food Sci., 2005, 1, 71-86. Potential Health Benefits of Ber (0010 WO 96/36433 describes an encapsulation product ries). with a shell, which is derived from microbial cell wall mate 0005. The blueberry is known in natural medicine for its rial. A substance is encapsulated which is not naturally healing action in the case of diarrhea and gastrointestinal present in the microbe. In addition, the shell is colored with a diseases, and is used in the widest possible range of medical dye in such a way that the coloration is visible in the product. fields, for example atherosclerosis, cataract, diabetes melli To produce the product, a grown, intact microbe is brought tus, diarrhea or retinopathy. into contact with the Substance to be encapsulated and a dye. 0006 Polyphenols or anthocyans are also described in The microbe is preferably alive at the beginning of the encap connection with cardiac conditions (CVD) and cancer. They sulation process and their viability may be hindered for are said to have a positive, preventative effect on the devel instance by irradiation. In any event, the microbe must be opment of these diseases (Antioxidant Activity of Plant intact and must not be present in lysed form. The cell sub Extracts Containing Phenolic Compounds, J. Agric. Food. stance which has passed into Solution during encapsulation is Chem., 1999, 47, 3954-3962). In an in vitro study, phenolic separated by centrifugation prior to drying. US 2009/0041872 A1 Feb. 12, 2009 0011 U.S. Pat. No. 5,288,632 and EP 0242 135 describe shell materials are for example polymers such as polyacry the production of a microbially encapsulated material in a lates, polyamides, polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinylpyrroli grown, intact microbe with a lipid content of less than 40%, done. encapsulation proceeding in the absence of a plasmolyser or an organic lipid-extending Substance. The microbe is present DISCUSSION OF THE PRIOR ART in grown form, i.e. it was recovered from the culture medium 0019 Many of the encapsulation products described in the and is intact (not lysed). During production, the Substance to prior art exhibit a release characteristic which leads either to be encapsulated diffuses through the cell wall and is retained release of the active ingredients only in the stomach or only in passively within the microbe. the intestine. For instance, very readily water-soluble carriers 0012 EP 0453 316 describes a method of encapsulating lead generally to immediate release of the active ingredients lipophilic Substances within yeast cells, whose intracellular in the mouth or stomach. After release, the active ingredients components have been eluted by a heat treatment in the range are immediately exposed to breakdown processes or are in of between 30 and 100° C. for at least one hour, in the part bound irreversibly to proteins. They are then no longer presence of or in the absence of an elution promoter. The yeast available in the intestine. On the other hand, encapsulated extract is preferably isolated prior to contact with the lipo products which are intended to be released in the intestine are philic Substance. made in Such a way that they do not release the active ingre dients in the stomach and do not have
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