Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park

Common Name Version

A Photographic Guide

Sorted by Form, Color and Family with Habitat Descriptions and Identification Notes

Photographs and text by Wilde Legard District Botanist, East Bay Regional Park District

New Revised and Expanded Edition - Includes the latest scientific names, habitat descriptions and identification notes Decimal Inches

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1/8 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 1/2 2 1/2 3 1/2 4 1/2 5 1/2 6 1/2 7 1/2 8 1/2 9 English Inches

Notes:

A Photographic Guide to the Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park

More than 2,000 species of native and naturalized plants grow wild in the San Francisco Bay Area. Most are very difficult to identify without the help of good illustrations. This is designed to be a simple, color photo guide to help you identify some of these plants. This guide is published electronically in Adobe Acrobat® format so that it can easily be updated as additional photographs become available. You have permission to freely download, distribute and print this guide for individual use. Photographs are © 2014 Wilde Legard, all rights reserved.

In this guide, the included plants are sorted first by form (Ferns & Fern-like, Grasses & Grass-like, Herbaceous, Woody), then by most common flower color, and finally by similar looking flowers (grouped by genus within each family). Each photograph has the following information, separated by '-':

COMMON NAME According to The Jepson Manual: Vascular Plants of California, Second Edition (JM2) and other references (not standardized). (Scientific Name) According to JM2 and eFlora (ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html). Origin & Longevity Native, Naturalized, or Waif (not reproducing without human care). Annual, Biennial, Perennial, or a combination. Family Name Common family name according to JM2, (Bloom date range) Period during the year when the plant blooms, according to JM2 and other sources. '-' if plant does not bloom (ie. Ferns). Habitat Habitat description according to JM2 and other sources. ID Characteristics Plant description with identification characteristics and other notes, based on multiple sources including: Annotated Checklist of the East Bay Flora, Second Edition (2013), JM2, Plants of the San Francisco Bay Region (Revised Edition), and Weeds of California and Other Western States. Additional notes Occasionally, an additional note may appear (ie. NOXIOUS weed, INVASIVE weed, Fed & Calif. ENDANGERED, etc.).

Revision: 3/7/2014 Fern-like - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 1

BRACKEN FERN (Pteridium aquilinum var. CALIFORNIA MAIDENHAIR (Adiantum jordanii) COFFEE FERN (Pellaea andromedifolia) Native GOLDENBACK FERN (Pentagramma triangularis pubescens) Native Perennial - Bracken Family - - Native Perennial - Brake Fern Family - - - Shaded Perennial - Brake Fern Family - - - Generally subsp. triangularis) Native Perennial - Brake Fern - Pastures, woodland, meadows, hillsides, partial hillsides, moist woodland - Leaves 8-28" long rocky or dry areas - Fronds 6-30" long, stem light Family - - - Gen shaded, sometimes rocky or to full sun - Leaf blades widely-triangular, gen with many rounded symmetrical segments, each brown. Leaf segments blunt, 0.24-0.6" long, wooded areas - Leaves triangular, 1.2-4" long, 0.5-5' long, gen 3x divided, hairy underneath. with < 4 irregular lobes. Cultivated. Sudden Oak 0.12-0.4" wide. undersides either granular green or powdery Death carrier. gold. Revision: 3/7/2014 Fern-like - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 2

WESTERN LADY FERN (Athyrium filix-femina COMMON HORSETAIL (Equisetum arvense) MOSQUITO FERN (Azolla filiculoides) Native POLYPODY FERN (Polypodium calirhiza) Native var. cyclosorum) Native Perennial - Cliff Fern Native Perennial - Horsetail Family - - - Perennial - Mosquito Fern Family - - - Common. Perennial - Polypody Family - - - On plants, rocky Family - - - Woodland, along streams, seepage Streambanks, wet meadows, springs, other wet, Ponds, slow streams - Floating aquatic fern, cliffs or outcrops, roadcuts, often granitic or area - Leaves gen 12-39" long, broadest near shaded places - Sterile stems 4-24" tall, 6-14 green to red. Stem gen 0.4-1.2" long. Leaves volcanic, rarely dunes - Leaf blades 4-8" long, middle, 1-2 divided, ultimate divisions rounded. sheath teeth. Fertile stems 4-13" tall, 6-10 sheath oval, gen ~0.06" long by 0.04" wide. NITROGEN often widest above base, deeply lobed. teeth. fixing.

COASTAL WOOD FERN (Dryopteris arguta) WESTERN SWORD FERN (Polystichum COMMON ARROW-GRASS (Triglochin maritima) NARROW-LEAVED CATTAIL (Typha Native Perennial - Wood Fern Family - - - Locally munitum) Native Perennial - Wood Fern Family - Native Perennial - Arrow-grass Family - angustifolia) Native Perennial - Cattail Family - common. Open, wooded slopes, caves - Leaf - - Common. Wooded hillsides, shaded slopes, (Apr–Aug) - Coastal salt marshes, interior saline, (May–Aug) - Nutrient-rich freshwater to brackish 12-24” long,5-12” wide, divided 1-2 times. rarely cliffs, outcrops - Fronds gen 20-48" long, brackish, alkaline marshes - Plant 16-43" tall, marshes, wet disturbed places - Plant 4.9-9.8' Segments generally with spine-tipped teeth. divided once. Segments usually separate, teeth dense-tufted. Leaves 4-32" long, 0.08-0.2" wide. tall. Leaves gen < 0.4" wide. Flower cluster gap > point to tips, scaly rachis. Leaf ligule tip entire to notched. 0.4". Revision: 3/7/2014 Grass-like - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 3

BROAD-LEAVED CATTAIL (Typha latifolia) DUNE BENT GRASS (Agrostis pallens) Native SILVER HAIR GRASS (Aira caryophyllea) SLENDER WILD OAT (Avena barbata) Native Perennial - Cattail Family - (Jun–Jul) - Perennial - Grass Family - (Jun–Aug) - Common. Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - (Apr–Jun) - Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - (Mar–Jun) - Unpolluted to nutrient-rich freshwater (brackish) Open meadows, woodland, forest, subalpine - Sandy soils, open or disturbed sites - Flower Disturbed sites - Plants gen 24-32". Spikelets marshes - Plant 4.9-9.8' tall. Widest leaves Lower leaf blades <= 0.2" wide, flat to inrolled. cluster > 0.6" wide, diffuse with long slender 0.8-1.2" long. Awns 0.8-1.8" long. Lemma tip 0.4-1.1" wide. Flower cluster with no gap Flower cluster 2-8" long, < 0.8" wide; narrow and branches. Spikelets about 0.1" long with 2 bristles >= 0.1" long. Seeds EDIBLE whole or between flower types. arching when young. extended awns. ground for flour. INVASIVE weed.

WILD OAT (Avena fatua) Naturalized Annual - RATTLESNAKE GRASS (Briza maxima) LITTLE QUAKING GRASS (Briza minor) CALIFORNIA BROME (Bromus carinatus var. Grass Family - (Apr–Jun) - Disturbed sites - Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - (Apr–Jul) - Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - (Apr–Jul) - carinatus) Native Perennial - Grass Family - Plants 1-5' tall. Spikelets 0.7-1.3" long. Low awn Shaded sites, roadsides, pastures, weedy on Shaded or moist, open sites - Stem 3-20” tall. (Apr–Aug) - Coastal prairies, openings in 1-1.6" long. Lemma tip bristles < 0.04" long. coastal dunes - Stem 8-35" tall. Spikelets Spikelets 0.1-0.2” long, resemble tiny rattlesnake chaparral, plains, open oak and pine woodland Seeds EDIBLE whole or ground for flour. 0.4-0.75" long, resemble rattlesnake rattles. rattles. -Plant 20-40” tall. Flower cluster 6-16” long. INVASIVE weed. INVASIVE weed. Spikelet 0.8-1.6” long. Lemma 0.5-0.8” long, hairy, awn 0.3-0.6” long. Revision: 3/7/2014 Grass-like - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 4

RESCUE GRASS (Bromus catharticus var. RIPGUT GRASS (Bromus diandrus) Naturalized SOFT CHESS (Bromus hordeaceus) Naturalized FOXTAIL CHESS (Bromus madritensis subsp. catharticus) Naturalized Annual-Perennial - Grass Annual - Grass Family - (Apr–Jul) - Open, gen Annual - Grass Family - (Apr–Jul) - Fields, madritensis) Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - Family - (Apr–Nov) - Open, disturbed places - disturbed areas - Plant 6-40" tall. Spikelet 1-2.8" disturbed areas - Plant 4-26” tall. Leaf hairy. (Apr–Jan) - Disturbed areas, roadsides - Plants Plant 8-48” tall. Flower cluster 3-12” long, ~ open. long. Lemma body 0.8-1.2" long, awn > 1.2" long. Flower cluster 1-5” long, dense, some stalks > 4-20" tall. Stem and sheathes smooth. Flower Spikelet flattened, 0.6-1.2” long. Lemma 0.4-0.7” Barbed seeds can stick in flesh of animals. spikelet. Spikelet 0.5-0.9”. Lemma 0.26-0.4”, awn cluster branches visible, lower spikelets erect, > long, awn < 0.2” long. INVASIVE weed. 0.16-0.4”. INVASIVE weed. stalk.

RED BROME (Bromus madritensis subsp. SMOOTH PAMPAS GRASS (Cortaderia BRISTLY DOGTAIL GRASS (Cynosurus ORCHARD GRASS (Dactylis glomerata) rubens) Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - selloana) Naturalized Perennial - Grass Family - echinatus) Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - Naturalized Perennial - Grass Family - (Mar–Jun) - Disturbed areas, roadsides - Plant (Sep–Mar) - Disturbed sites - Plant 6-13' tall. Leaf (May–Jul) - Open, disturbed sites - Tufted. Stem (May–Aug) - Disturbed, often moist sites - Stems 4-20". Flower cluster condensed, branches blades 0.1-0.5" wide, sheathes smooth. Cultivar, 4-28” long. Leaf blade 0.1-0.6” wide. Flower 2-5, 12-79”+ tall. Leaf blade 0.12-0.24” wide. obscure, < spikelets. Stem & sheathes hairy. rarely escaped. INVASIVE weed. cluster 0.4-1.6” long, 1-sided. Fertile and sterile Flower cluster 1.6-8” long. Spikelets crowded on INVASIVE weed. spikelets. INVASIVE weed. 1 side. Lemmas short-awned at tip. INVASIVE weed. Revision: 3/7/2014 Grass-like - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 5

CALIFORNIA OAT GRASS (Danthonia ANNUAL HAIR GRASS (Deschampsia SLENDER HAIR GRASS (Deschampsia SMOOTH CRAB GRASS (Digitaria ischaemum) californica) Native Perennial - Grass Family - danthonioides) Native Annual - Grass Family - elongata) Native Perennial - Grass Family - Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - (Sep–Nov) - (Apr–Aug) - Gen moist meadows, open woodland (Mar–Aug) - Moist to drying, open sites, (May–Sep) - Wet sites, meadows, lakeshores, Disturbed areas - Stem 6-20" long, rooting at - Stem 12-52” tall. Flower cluster 0.8-2.4” long. meadows, streambanks, vernal pools, occ alkali shaded slopes - Densely clumped. Stem 4-28” lower nodes. Leaf blade smooth, 0.6-4.7" long. Spikelets 3-6, 0.5-1” long, awn 0.16-0.5” long. soil - Stem 4.5-24” long. Lemmas 2, ~0.1”, awns long. Glumes =, 0.1-0.2”. Lemmas 2, ~0.1”, awns Spikelets ~0.1" long, 3 per node. from below middle 0.1-0.4” & bent. from middle 0.04-0.2” & straight.

SALT GRASS (Distichlis spicata) Native BARNYARD GRASS (Echinochloa crus-galli) WESTERN WILD-RYE (Elymus glaucus subsp. BIG SQUIRRELTAIL (Elymus multisetus) Native Perennial - Grass Family - (Apr–Sep) - Salt Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - (Jun–Oct) - glaucus) Native Perennial - Grass Family - Perennial - Grass Family - (May–Jul) - Open, marshes, coastal dunes, moist, alkaline areas - Gen wet, disturbed sites, fields, roadsides - Stem (Jun–Aug) - Open areas, chaparral, woodland, sandy to rocky areas - Tufted. Stem 6-24" tall. Stem 4-20” long. Leaves 0.8-4” long, flat, stiff. 12-39" long. Leaf blades to 25" long, 0.2-1.2" forest - Tufted. Stem 12-55" tall. Leaf 0.2-0.5" Leaf 0.06-0.2" wide. Spikelet 0.4-0.6" long. Flower cluster 0.8-3” long, narrow. Spikelets wide. Spikelet 0.1-0.16" long, floret ~0.14" long, 1 wide, flat. Spikelets0.3-0.6" long, 2-4 per node. Glume divisions needle-shaped, lemma awn 1-4" straw-colored to purple, 2-20/group, 0.24-0.8” per node. Awns 0-2” long on same plant. Lemma awn 0.4-1.2" long. long. long. Revision: 3/7/2014 Grass-like - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 6

BEARDLESS WILD RYE (Elymus triticoides) BROME FESCUE (Festuca bromoides) HAIRY FESCUE (Festuca microstachys) Native RYE GRASS (Festuca perennis) Naturalized Native Perennial - Grass Family - ( Jun–Jul) - Dry Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - (May–Jun) - Annual - Grass Family - (Apr–Jun) - Disturbed, Perennial - Grass Family - (May–Sep) - Dry to to moist, often saline, meadows - Plant 18-50” Uncommon. Dry, disturbed places, coastal-sage open, gen sandy soils - Stem 6-29". Spikelet moist disturbed sites, abandoned fields - Stem tall, from rhizomes. Flower cluster 2-8” long. scrub, chaparral - Stem < 20". Inflor 0.6-6" tall, 0.2-0.4" long, awn 0.1-0.5" long. Glumes & 20-40" tall. Spikelet 0.2-0.9" long, > glume, Spikelets generally 2/node. Lemmas 3-7, 0.2-0.5” dense, lower branches erect. Spikelet 0.2-0.4" lemma smooth or hairy. awned or awnless. Sterile shoots at base. long, awn to 0.12” long. long, awn 0.1-0.3" long. INVASIVE weed.

RED FESCUE (Festuca rubra) Native Perennial - COMMON VELVET GRASS (Holcus lanatus) FOXTAIL BARLEY (Hordeum jubatum subsp. MEDITERRANEAN BARLEY (Hordeum marinum Grass Family - (May–Jul) - Sand dunes, Naturalized Perennial - Grass Family - (Jun–Aug) jubatum) Native Annual-Perennial - Grass Family subsp. gussoneanum) Naturalized Annual - grassland, subalpine forest - Plant 12-32", hairy, - Moist sites, roadbanks, cult fields, meadows - - (May–Jul) - Roadsides, disturbed areas, Grass Family - (Apr–Jun) - Dry to moist, clumped, w/closed sheath. Generally with Plant 8-39" tall, very hairy. Glumes 0.12-0.24", meadows, marshes - Stem 8-32", densely tufted. disturbed sites - Stem 4-20". Leaf blades to 32" rhizomes. Spikelets 0.4-0.5", florets 3-10, awns < purple; florets 0.12-0.16" w/hooked awn. Leaf blades to 6" long. Central lemma awn 1-3.5" long, auricles < 0.08". Central lemma awn 0.16" long. INVASIVE weed. long. 0.25-0.7" long. INVASIVE weed. Revision: 3/7/2014 Grass-like - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 7

HARE BARLEY (Hordeum murinum subsp. JUNE GRASS (Koeleria macrantha) Native CALIFORNIA MELIC (Melica californica) Native TORREY'S MELIC (Melica torreyana) Native leporinum) Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - Perennial - Grass Family - (May–Jul) - Dry, open Perennial - Grass Family - (Apr–May) - Open or Perennial - Grass Family - (Mar–Jun) - Chaparral, (Feb–May) - Moist, gen disturbed sites. Common sites, clay to rocky soils, shrubland, woodland, rocky hillsides, oak woodland, conifer forest - conifer forest - Stem 12-40" tall. Leaf blade - Stem 12-43" tall. Central spikelet stalk ~0.06" conifer forest - Stem 8-32" long. Flower cluster Stem 16-55". Leaf 0.06-0.2" wide. Spiklet 0.2-0.6" 0.04-0.1" wide. Spikelet 0.14-0.28" long w/1-2 long. Central floret << lateral florets. INVASIVE condensed, shiny, branches short-hairy. Spikelet long, w/3-7 fertile florets; sterile tip widest above florets; sterile tip widest above middle to 0.06", weed. ~0.2" long, no awns. middle, tip squared. short-hairy lemmas.

HARDING GRASS (Phalaris aquatica) ANNUAL BLUE GRASS (Poa annua) Naturalized BULBOUS BLUE GRASS (Poa bulbosa subsp. ONE-SIDED BLUE GRASS (Poa secunda subsp. Naturalized Perennial - Grass Family - (Apr–Aug) Annual - Grass Family - (Feb–Sep) - Abundant. vivipara) Naturalized Perennial - Grass Family - secunda) Native Perennial - Grass Family - - Disturbed areas, roadsides - Plant 16-79" tall, Disturbed moist ground - Plant 1-8” tall. Leaf (Mar–Jul) - Disturbed places - Plant 6-24” tall, (Mar–Aug) - Common. Dry slopes to tufted. Flower cluster 0.6-6" long, unbranched. blade 0.04-0.12” wide, soft. Flower cluster 0.4-4” densely tufted. Leaf blades 0.04-0.08” wide. saline/alkaline meadows to alpine - Plant 6-40” Lower florets 1 or or unequal. Glume wing long, triangular. Lemmas 0.1-0.16” long. Flower cluster 1-4” long. Spikelets replaced wtih tall, densely tufted. Flower clusters congested. untoothed. INVASIVE weed. leafy bulblets. Spikelets gen 0.3-0.4” long. Lemmas 0.16-0.2” long, backs rounded. Revision: 3/7/2014 Grass-like - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 8

RABBITFOOT GRASS (Polypogon WATER BEARD GRASS (Polypogon viridis) FOOTHILL NEEDLE GRASS (Stipa lepida) SMILO GRASS (Stipa miliacea var. miliacea) monspeliensis) Naturalized Annual - Grass Naturalized Perennial - Grass Family - (May–Jun) Native Perennial - Grass Family - (Mar–Jun) - Dry Naturalized Perennial - Grass Family - (Mar–Sep) Family - (Apr–Aug) - Moist places, along streams - Common. Disturbed areas, wet areas, ponds, slopes, chaparral, grassland, savanna, coastal - Salt marshes, streambanks, chaparral, open - Stem 8-39". Leaf 0.4-8" long, 0.16-0.24" wide. streambanks -Stem 4-40” long, trails. Leaf blades scrub - Stem 14-39" tall. Leaf blade 4.7-9.1" long, woodland, disturbed - Stems green, large tufts, Flower cluster 0.4-6.7" long, plume-like. Glume flat, 0.08-0.4” wide. Spikelet ~ 0.1” long, no awn, narrow. Glumes 0.2-0.6" long. Awn 0.8-2" long. sheaths lt. Inflor arching. INVASIVE weed. awn > 0.14". Lemma awn gen < 0.1". INVASIVE. whorled clusters.

PURPLE NEEDLE GRASS (Stipa pulchra) Native BALTIC RUSH (Juncus balticus subsp. ater) TOAD RUSH (Juncus bufonius var. bufonius) SPREADING RUSH (Juncus patens) Native Perennial - Grass Family - (Mar–Jun) - Oak Native Perennial - Rush Family - (Jul–Nov) - Native Annual - Rush Family - (May–Sep) - Damp Perennial - Rush Family - (Jun–Oct) - Marshy woodland, chaparral, grassland - Stem 14-39" Moist to ± dry sites - Stem 14-43" tall, round, not sunny ground, gen disturbed - Stem gen 1-4" tall, places, creeks, seeps - Plant 12-41" tall, densely long. Leaf blade 4-8" long. Glumes 0.5-0.8" long, twisted. No leaf blade. Flowers generally 0.1-0.2" gen brached from base, ~0.04" wide. Flower tufted. Stems blue-gray-green & distinctly ~equal. Awn 1.6-4" long, last segment straight. long. cluster open. Flowers 0.16-0.3" long. grooved when fresh. Stamens 6. Revision: 3/7/2014 Grass-like - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 9

IRIS-LEAVED RUSH (Juncus xiphioides) Native TALL NUTSEDGE (Cyperus eragrostis) Native GRAND HOUND'S TONGUE (Cynoglossum BROADLEAVED FORGET-ME-NOT (Myosotis Perennial - Rush Family - (Jul–Oct) - Wet places Perennial - Sedge Family - (May–Nov) - Vernal grande) Native Perennial - Borage Family - latifolia) Naturalized Perennial - Borage Family - - Plant 16-32" tall. Leaf blades 0.2-0.5" wide, flat, pools, streambanks - Leaves basal. Flower (Feb–May) - Chaparral, woodland - Stem 1-3'. (Feb–Jul) - Moist, disturbed, shady places - Stem Iris-like. Heads many, few-flowered. Anthers 6, < cluster bracts 4-8. Spikelets 0.2-0.8" long, Leaf stalk 3-6". Leaf blade 3-6" cm long, broadly < 28" long, base woody. Leaves to 0.8" wide. filaments, flowers self-pollinating. oblong, in heads to 1.6" wide. Seeds oval. Flowers bright blue w/inner white teeth. Flowers light blue, 0.2-0.4" wide. INVASIVE short-stalked. weed.

BABY BLUE-EYES (Nemophila menziesii var. CALIFORNIA PHACELIA (Phacelia californica) FIESTA FLOWER (Pholistoma auritum var. BLUE DICKS (Dichelostemma capitatum subsp. menziesii) Native Annual - Borage Family - Native Perennial - Borage Family - (Mar–Sep) - auritum) Native Annual - Borage Family - capitatum) Native Perennial - Brodiaea Family - (Feb–May) - Meadows, grassland, chaparral, Bluffs, open slopes, road cuts, chaparral, (Mar–Jun) - Ocean bluffs, talus slopes, woodland, (Mar–Jun) - Open woodland, scrub, desert, woodland, slopes - Plant 4-12". Lower leaves woodland - Plant tufted, stiff-hairy. Leaves gen streambanks, canyons - Stem 8-47" tall. Leaf grassland - Plant 2-28" tall. Flowers blue-purple, w/6-13 lobes. Flowers bright blue w/white center, pinnate w/big terminal leaflet. Flowers 0.16-0.28" lobes 7-13. Flowers 0.3-0.6" long, 0.4-1.2" wide, not narrowed in the middle. Stamens 6. Early 0.2-1.6" wide. long, lavender. purple, with bractlets. spring bloomer. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Blue/Pink/Purple Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 10

FORK-TOOTHED OOKOW (Dichelostemma ITHURIEL'S SPEAR (Triteleia laxa) Native MEDITERRANEAN LINSEED (Bellardia trixago) COMMON OWL'S-CLOVER (Castilleja densiflora congestum) Native Perennial - Brodiaea Family - Perennial - Brodiaea Family - (Apr–Jun) - Naturalized Annual - Broom-rape Family - subsp. densiflora) Native Annual - Broom-rape (Apr–Jun) - Open woodland, grassland - Plant Common. Open forest, conifer or foothill (Apr–Jun) - Disturbed grassland. - Plant Family - (Mar–May) - Grassland - Plant 4-16" tall. 12-35" tall. Flowers blue-purple, narrowed above woodland, grassland on clay soil - Flower stem sticky-hairy. Stem 6-32" tall. Leaves Leaves 0.8-3.1" long, narrow-lobed. Flower ovary. Stamens 3. Late spring bloomer. 4-28". Leaves 8-16", 0.16-1" wide. Flowers blue, lance-shaped, toothed. Flowers 0.8-1" long, cluster gen rose-purple. Flower upper lip straight. blue-purple or white, 0.7-1.9" long. 2-lipped: upper lip pink, lower lip white. INVASIVE.

PURPLE OWL'S-CLOVER (Castilleja exserta DWARF OWL'S CLOVER (Triphysaria pusilla) GIANT TRILLIUM (Trillium chloropetalum) Native PARRY'S LARKSPUR (Delphinium parryi subsp. subsp. exserta) Native Annual - Broom-rape Native Annual - Broom-rape Family - (Apr–Jun) - Perennial - Bunchflower Family - (Apr–May) - parryi) Native Perennial - Buttercup Family - Family - (Mar–May) - Open fields, grassland - Grassland - Plant 2-8" tall, yellow-brown or Edges of redwood forest, chaparral, gen moist (Apr–Jun) - Chaparral, oak woodland - Leaves Plant sticky, short-hairy. Flower cluster tipped purple, hairy. Leaves 0.2-1.2" long, 3-9-lobed. slopes, canyon banks in alluvial soils - Flowers w/finger-like divisions, hairless. Flowers 3-60, white, pale yellow or rose. Flower upper lip Flowers purple (yellow), 0.16-0.28" long, in leaf dark purple to white, sessile. Petals 2.6-4" long, blue. Lower petals 2-lobed, both sides hairy. hooked, fuzzy. axils. odor rose-like or spicy. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Blue/Pink/Purple Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 11

SPREADING LARKSPUR (Delphinium patens PURPLE SANICLE (Sanicula bipinnatifida) NARROW-LEAF MILKWEED (Asclepias GREATER PERIWINKLE (Vinca major) subsp. patens) Native Perennial - Buttercup Native Perennial - Carrot Family - (Mar–May) - fascicularis) Native Perennial - Dogbane Family - Naturalized Perennial - Dogbane Family - Family - (Mar–Jun) - Grassland, open woodland - Open grassland, gen on serpentine, or pine/oak (May–Oct) - Dry ground, valleys, foothills - Plant (Mar–Jun(Jan)) - Coastal bluffs, sheltered places, Stem 4-35" long. Leaves glabrous, divided into woodland - Plant 5-24" tall. Leaves 1.6-7.5" long, gen hairless. Stem leaves narrow, 3-5 in whorls. esp along stream beds - Plant sprawling. Leaf few-toothed lobes. Flowers few, bright or dark 1-2x divided on a winged central axis. Flowers Flowers green-white to purple-tinged, ~0.25" blade ~ 2.8" long, oval. Flower purple-blue, 1.2-2" blue-purple. dark purple. Fruits prickly. long. wide at top. INVASIVE weed.

FOUR-SPOT (Clarkia purpurea subsp. RUBY CHALICE CLARKIA (Clarkia rubicunda) ELEGANT CLARKIA (Clarkia unguiculata) Native PANICLED / WEEDY WILLOWHERB (Epilobium quadrivulnera) Native Annual - Evening Primrose Native Annual - Evening Primrose Family - Annual - Evening Primrose Family - (Apr–Sep) - brachycarpum) Native Annual - Evening Primrose Family - (Apr–Aug) - Common. Open, grassy or (May–Aug) - Openings in woodland, forest, Common. Woodland - Buds nodding. Axis erect. Family - (Jun–Sep) - Common. Dry open or shrubby places - Buds erect. Petals < 0.6", chaparral near coast - Stem < 5' long. Buds erect. Petals 0.4-1" long, pink to dark-red, clawed. disturbed woodland, grassland, roadsides - Plant lavender to dark red. Ovary 8-grooved. Sepals Petals 0.4-1.2", rose w/red base. Sepals united. Sepals united; sepals & ovary w/spreading hairs 8-79" tall, diffuse. Petals 2-15 mm long, white to 1's or 2's. Stigma > anthers. to 0.1". rose-purple. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Blue/Pink/Purple Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 12

COMMON WILLOWHERB (Epilobium ciliatum LONG-BEAKED FILAREE (Erodium botrys) REDSTEM FILAREE (Erodium cicutarium) GREENSTEM FILAREE (Erodium moschatum) subsp. ciliatum) Native Perennial - Evening Naturalized Annual - Geranium Family - Naturalized Annual - Geranium Family - Naturalized Annual - Geranium Family - Primrose Family - (Jun–Oct) - Common. (Mar–Jul) - Dry, open or disturbed sites - Stem (Feb–Sep) - Open, disturbed sites, grassland, (Feb–Sep) - Open, disturbed sites - Stem 4-24", Disturbed places, moist meadows, streambanks, 4-35" tall, coarse-hairy. Leaves lobed. Petals scrub - Stem 4-20". Leaves compound, leaflets short-hairy. Leaves compound, leaflets toothed. roadsides - Plant 20-48" tall, smooth or pink, 0.3-0.5" long. Sepals w/reddish tip. Fruit dissected. Sepal tip bristly. Petal pink to purple. Sepal tip glabrous. Petals 0.4-0.6" long, pink. short-hairy. Petals 2-6 mm, white to pink. beak 2-4.7" long. Fruit beak 0.8-2". INVASIVE. Fruit beak 0.8-1.6" long.

CUT-LEAVED GERANIUM (Geranium HAIRY DOVE'S FOOT GERANIUM (Geranium DOUGLAS IRIS (Iris douglasiana) Native WESTERN BLUE-EYED-GRASS (Sisyrinchium dissectum) Naturalized Annual - Geranium molle) Naturalized Annual - Geranium Family - Perennial - Iris Family - (May–Jul) - Common. bellum) Native Perennial - Iris Family - Family - (Mar–Jul) - Open, disturbed sites - Stem (Feb–Aug) - Open to shaded sites, disturbed Grassy places, esp near coast - Stem 6-20" tall. (Mar–May) - Common. Open, gen moist, grassy 3-28" tall, rough-hairy. Leaf blades deeply ground - Stem 4-17" tall. Petals red-purple, Leaves 0.4-0.9" wide. Perianth tube 0.04-0.12" areas, woodland - Stem < 25" tall. Leaves divided. Petals violet-red, 0.1-0.25" long 0.1-0.4" long, notched. Sepals awnless. Fruit long, petals 0.6-1.2" wide, stigmas triangular. iris-like. Petals 6, blue-purple with dark veins, w/notched tips. Flower stalk sticky. INVASIVE. smooth, wrinkled. NOXIOUS weed. 0.4-0.7" long. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Blue/Pink/Purple Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 13

GRASS-POLY (Lythrum hyssopifolia) Naturalized FIELD MADDER (Sherardia arvensis) BULL MALLOW (Malva nicaeensis) Naturalized COMMON CHECKERBLOOM (Sidalcea Annual-Perennial - Loosestrife Family - (Apr–Oct) Naturalized Annual - Madder Family - (Mar–Jul) - Annual - Mallow Family - (Mar–Jun) - Disturbed malviflora subsp. malviflora) Native Perennial - - Marshes, drying pond margins, disturbed Pastures, disturbed areas, grassland, dry places - Stem 0.7-2'. Leaf blade 1.2-4.7" wide, Mallow Family - (Mar–Jul) - Coastal prairie, ground - Stem 4-24". Leaves 0.2-1.2" long, ~ meadows, oak woodland - Stem 2.8-6.3" long. 5-7 shallow lobes. Bractlets scrub, open forest - Plant 6-24" tall. Middle elliptical. Petals pink, 0.1-0.2" long. 2 awl-like Leaves in whorls of 5-6, 0.2-0.5" long. Flowers egg-shaped,0.16-0.2" long. Petals pink to leaves not linear-lobed. Petals 0.4-1" long, pink to appendages. INVASIVE weed. pink or lavender, the 4 lobes < tube. blue-violet, 0.2-0.5" long. rose, gen white veined.

RED MAIDS (Calandrinia ciliata) Native Annual - CLASPING HENBIT (Lamium amplexicaule) COYOTE-MINT (Monardella villosa subsp. THYMELEAF BEARDSTYLE (Pogogyne Miner's Lettuce Family - (Feb–May) - Common. Naturalized Annual-Biennial - Mint Family - villosa) Native Perennial - Mint Family - serpylloides) Native Annual - Mint Family - Sandy to loamy soil, grassy areas, cult fields - (Apr–Sep) - Disturbed sites, cult or abandoned (May–Aug) - Dry rocky slopes, oak woods, (Mar–Jun) - Grassy, brushy areas - Plant Petals 0.2-0.6" long, bright pink to red, fields - Stem 4-16" long. Leaf blades 0.4-1" long, chaparral - Plant < 20" tall. Leaves ovate, inconspicuous. Stem 1-8" long, low-growing. round-tipped. Fruit < 0.1" longer than bracts. upper stalkless. Flowers red-purple, gen 0.4-0.7" 0.4-0.9" mm long. Flower head 0.4-1.2" wide. Flowers 0.1-0.2" long, lavender, in dense long. Flowers pink to purple. clusters. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Blue/Pink/Purple Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 14

RADISH (Raphanus sativus) Naturalized Annual - STARFLOWER (Trientalis latifolia) Native JEWELED ONION (Allium serra) Native SPANISH CLOVER (Acmispon americanus var. Mustard Family - (May–Jul) - Disturbed areas, Perennial - Myrsine Family - (Apr–Jul) - Shaded Perennial - Onion or Garlic Family - (Apr–May) - americanus) Native Annual - Pea Family - fields - Stem 16-51" long. Petals 0.6-1" long, places, esp woodland - Stem 2-12". Leaves Common. Grassy slopes - Flowers pink to rose, (May–Oct) - Coast, chaparral, waterways, white to purple. Fruit a fat cylinder w/constrictions 1-3.5" long, 0.4-2" wide, egg-shaped; stem crowded, 10-40. "Petals" about 0.2" long, ± erect, roadsides, disturbed areas - Plant 2-24", hairy. between seeds. INVASIVE weed. leaves in 1 whorl near stem tip. Flower gen pink ± lance-shaped, papery and folded over fruit Flowers white to pink, solitary, bract lobes >> to rose, 0.3-0.6" wide. when in fruit. flower tube.

SMALL-FLOWER LOTUS (Acmispon parviflorus) LEATHER ROOT (Hoita macrostachya) Native PERENNIAL SWEET PEA (Lathyrus latifolius) PACIFIC PEA (Lathyrus vestitus var. vestitus) Native Annual - Pea Family - (Mar–May) - Perennial - Pea Family - (May–Aug) - Naturalized Perennial - Pea Family - (Apr–May) - Native Perennial - Pea Family - (Feb–Jul) - North: Abundant. Coastal bluffs to oak/pine or fir Streamsides, marshes, spring-moist places - Disturbed areas, esp roadsides - Stem smooth, Conifer forest. South: chaparral & oak woodland - woodland, open or disturbed areas - Flowers Stem erect, < 6.6' tall, much-branched. Leaflets robust, broadly winged. Leaflets in 2's. Flowers Stem wings to 0.02" wide. Leaves gen elliptic. pinkish, solitary, 0.2" long, on stalk with bracts. 0.8-4" long, both sides sticky. Flowers ~0.4" long, 0.8-1.2" long, bright pink. Escaped ornamental. Flowers 0.5-0.7" long, pale lavender to purple. Not hairy. blue to purple. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Blue/Pink/Purple Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 15

MINIATURE LUPINE (Lupinus bicolor) Native SUMMER LUPINE (Lupinus formosus var. CHICK LUPINE (Lupinus microcarpus var. SKY LUPINE (Lupinus nanus) Native Annual - Annual - Pea Family - (Mar–Jun) - Abundant. formosus) Native Perennial - Pea Family - microcarpus) Native Annual - Pea Family - Pea Family - (Mar–Jun) - Abundant. Open or Open or disturbed areas - Plant 4-16", hairy. (Apr–Sep) - Dry clay soils, grassland, open areas (Mar–Jun) - Abundant. Open or disturbed areas, disturbed areas - Plant 4-24" tall, hairy. Flowers Flower 0.16-0.4" long, banner longer than wide, under pines, gen in valleys - Plant 8-32", low occ seeded on roadbanks - Plant 4-32", hairy. blue to pink to white, 0.2-0.6" long; banner as upper keel ciliate near tip, pedicel < 0.12". Fruit growing. Leaves hairy. Flowers purple, hairless, Leaves smooth above. Flowers gen pink to wide as long. Flower stalk gen > 0.12" long. 0.12-0.24" wide. summer/fall blooming. purple. Flower bracts shaggy.

ARROYO LUPINE (Lupinus succulentus) Native RANCHERIA CLOVER (Trifolium NARROW-LEAVED CLOVER (Trifolium BEARDED CLOVER (Trifolium barbigerum) Annual - Pea Family - (Feb–May) - Abundant. albopurpureum) Native Annual - Pea Family - angustifolium) Naturalized Annual - Pea Family - Native Perennial - Pea Family - (Apr–Jun) - Wet Open or disturbed areas, often seeded on (Mar–Jun) - Abundant. Dunes, grassland, wet (Late spring) - Disturbed areas - Hairy. Leaflets meadows, open, disturbed areas - Leaflets 0.6-1" roadbanks - Plant 8-40" tall, fleshy, sparsely meadows, slopes, disturbed areas, etc - No head 0.8-1.8" long, 3-8x width. Flower cluster 1-5 cm long. Head 0.2-1" wide, gen bristly. Flowers hairy. Flowers 0.5-0.7" long, whorled, gen bract. Flowers purple + white, 0.2-0.3", no stalk. long, cylindric. Flowers pale pink, 10-12 mm long, pink-purple, 0.2-0.4" long. blue-purple, petal claws short-hairy. Flower bracts hairy, teeth linear, = flowers. = bract length. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Blue/Pink/Purple Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 16

DECEIVING CLOVER (Trifolium bifidum var. FOOTHILL CLOVER (Trifolium ciliolatum) Native CLUSTERED CLOVER (Trifolium glomeratum) PINPOINT CLOVER (Trifolium gracilentum) decipiens) Native Annual - Pea Family - Annual - Pea Family - (Mar–Jun) - Locally Naturalized Annual - Pea Family - (Mar–May) - Native Annual - Pea Family - (Mar–Jun) - Open, (Apr–Jun) - Open, grassy areas, forest - Leaflet common. Grassland, chaparral, disturbed areas - Uncommon. Disturbed areas - Leaflets 0.2-0.5" disturbed places, occas serpentine - Leaflet tips tip square/notched. Flower small, yellow to Flower head 0.3-0.8" wide w/vestigial bract. long. Head 0.28-0.4" wide. Flowers pink, not deep-notched. Reflexed pink-purple flowers pink-purple, soon reflex. Flower stalk top sparsely Flowers pink to purple, soon reflexed, bracts 0.16-0.24" long. Bracts triangular-lobed, curl back w/point. Flower bracts completely smooth. hairy. w/short, flat bristles. in fruit.

ROSE CLOVER (Trifolium hirtum) Naturalized SMALL-HEAD CLOVER (Trifolium TOMCAT CLOVER (Trifolium willdenovii) Native NARROW-LEAVED VETCH (Vicia sativa subsp. Annual - Pea Family - (Apr–May) - Disturbed microcephalum) Native Annual - Pea Family - Annual - Pea Family - (Mar–Jun) - Abundant. nigra) Naturalized Annual - Pea Family - areas, roadsides - Head with 1-2 bract-like leaves (Apr–Aug) - Streambanks, moist, disturbed areas, Disturbed, gen spring-moist, heavy soils, occas (Mar–Jun) - Roadsides, disturbed areas, immed below. Flowers pink, 0.4-0.6" long, roadsides, serpentine, conifer forest - Hairy. serpentine - Head bract wheel-shaped, grassland, open areas in oak and riparian densely-bristly in fruit. INVASIVE weed. Head bract cup-like. Flowers pink to lavender, sharp-lobed. Leaf narrow. Flowers purple w/white woodlands - Flowers 1-2 at leaf bases, calyx lobes smooth-edged, > flowers. tip, 0.3-0.6" long. pink-purple to white, 0.4-0.7" long. Leaflets 0.2-0.3" wide. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Blue/Pink/Purple Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 17

SPRING VETCH (Vicia sativa subsp. sativa) PINKLOBE LEPTOSIPHON (Leptosiphon SLENDER ANNUAL PHLOX (Microsteris gracilis) SKUNKWEED (Navarretia squarrosa) Native Naturalized Annual - Pea Family - (Mar–Jun) - androsaceus) Native Annual - Phlox Family - Native Annual - Phlox Family - (Mar–Aug) - Dry to Annual - Phlox Family - (Jun–Aug) - Common. Roadsides, disturbed areas, grassland, open (Apr–Jun) - Open or shaded areas in woodland, moist areas - Plant < 8" tall, glandualr-hairy. Open, wet, gravelly flats, slopes - Plant 4-24" tall, areas in oak and riparian woodlands - Flowers chaparral - Plant 2-18", hairy. Flowers pink, Leaves 0.4-1.2" long. Flowers 0.3-0.5" long, sticky, with skunk-like odor. Flowers 0.35-0.47" 1-2 at leaf bases, pink-purple to white, 0.7-1.2" bracted group, tube 0.4-1.3" long, lobes gen > tubes yellow, lobes bright pink to white. long, dark blue; petal lobes 0.08" long. long. Leaflets 0.16-0.4" wide. 0.3" long.

RED SAND-SPURRY (Spergularia rubra) WIRY SNAPDRAGON (Antirrhinum CHINESE-HOUSES (Collinsia heterophylla var. PERSIAN SPEEDWELL (Veronica persica) Naturalized Annual-Perennial - Pink Family - vexillocalyculatum subsp. vexillocalyculatum) heterophylla) Native Annual - Plantain Family - Naturalized Annual - Plantain Family - (Feb–May) (Spring–fall) - Forest, meadows, mud flats, Native Annual - Plantain Family - (Jun–Aug) - (Mar–Jun) - Shady places in chaparral, open - Wet, disturbed areas, fields - Stem 2-24" long, disturbed - Plant 1.6-10". Leaf non-fleshy, whorls Disturbed areas - Stem 3-67" long, often clinging mixed woodland, oak woodland - Plant 4-20" tall. crawling. Flowers on 0.6-1.2" long stalks. Flowers w/large white bracts. Petals pink. Stamens 6-10. to other plants. Flowers lavender, 0.4-0.7" long. Flowers 0.6-0.8" long, upper lip whitish. blue, purple-lined with a white center. Sepals < 0.16". Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Blue/Pink/Purple Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 18

PACIFIC BLEEDING HEART (Dicentra formosa) PADRE SHOOTING STAR (Dodecatheon MOSQUITOBILLS SHOOTING STAR CALIFORNIA ACAENA (Acaena pinnatifida var. Native Perennial - Poppy Family - (Mar–Jul) - clevelandii subsp. patulum) Native Perennial - (Dodecatheon hendersonii) Native Perennial - californica) Native Perennial - Rose Family - Damp, shaded areas - Plant 8-18" tall. Leaves Primrose Family - (Mar–May) - Moist places, Primrose Family - (Mar–Jul) - Gen in shady sites (Mar–May) - Coastal grassland, open, rocky dissected, 8-20" long. Flowers heart-shaped, often on serpentine or in ± alkaline sites - Leaf - Leaf blade length generally <2x width. Flower slopes - Stem 4-24" long. Flowers with no petals rose-pink, nodding, 2-30 per cluster, 0.5-1.2" blade length >2x width. Flowers often white. parts 4s or 5s. Filament tube solid black. and purple-black stamens. Leaves finely divided. long. Filiment tube w/light spots below anthers.

ITALIAN THISTLE (Carduus pycnocephalus PURPLE STAR-THISTLE (Centaurea calcitrapa) CHICORY (Cichorium intybus) Naturalized INDIAN THISTLE (Cirsium brevistylum) Native subsp. pycnocephalus) Naturalized Annual - Naturalized Annual-Biennial - Sunflower Family - Perennial - Sunflower Family - (Apr–Oct) - Annual-Biennial - Sunflower Family - (Mar–Aug) - Sunflower Family - (Mar–Jul) - Roadsides, (Apr–Nov) - Pastures, disturbed places - Plant Common. Roadsides, disturbed places - Plants Moist places - Plant 1-11'. Heads 1-1.6" wide, pastures, disturbed areas - Stems 8-79", narrow 8-40"+. Basal leaves 1-2x divided into narrow 16-78" tall. Stems leafless. Leaves 1-1.4" long, 1-several clustered at stem tips, spiny-wings. Lower leaves 4-10 lobed, heads 2-5, lobes. Flowers purple with spiny bracts. dandelion-like. Flowers pale blue, 0.8-1.6" wide. below leaf tips. Flowers white to purple, 0.8-1" flower bracts woolly. NOXIOUS. NOXIOUS weed. Roots roasted as coffee substitute. long. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Blue/Pink/Purple Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 19

BULL THISTLE (Cirsium vulgare) Naturalized ARTICHOKE THISTLE (Cynara cardunculus WEEDY CUDWEED (Pseudognaphalium MILK THISTLE (Silybum marianum) Naturalized Biennial - Sunflower Family - (May–Oct) - subsp. flavescens) Naturalized Perennial - luteoalbum) Naturalized Annual - Sunflower Annual-Biennial - Sunflower Family - (Feb–Jun) - Common. Disturbed areas - Plant 12-79" tall. Top Sunflower Family - (Apr–Jul) - Disturbed places - Family - (Apr–Aug) - Disturbed sites, fields, Roadsides, pastures, disturbed areas - Stem of leaves bristly; leaf base forming decurrent Plant 1.6-8' tall. Artichoke head 1.6-6" diam, streambeds - Heads 0.12-0.16" long, yellowish, 1-10', stout. Leaves spiny, shiny green w/white wings on stem. Flowers purple, gen 1-2" wide. spine-tipped. Flowers blue or purple, 1.2-2" long. female flowers < 0.08" long, pappus bristles veins and spots. Flowers red-purple. INVASIVE NOXIOUS weed. NOXIOUS weed. connected. weed.

TWIGGY WREATH PLANT (Stephanomeria COMMON CALIFORNIA WILD ASTER PURPLE SALSIFY (Tragopogon porrifolius) FULLER'S TEASEL (Dipsacus sativus) virgata subsp. pleurocarpa) Native Annual - (Symphyotrichum chilense) Native Perennial - Naturalized Biennial-Perennial - Sunflower Family Naturalized Biennial - Teasel Family - (May–Jul) - Sunflower Family - (Jun–Nov) - Chaparral Sunflower Family - (Jun–Oct) - Grassland, salt - (Mar–Nov) - Common. Disturbed places - Plant Disturbed areas, fields, vacant lots, pastures - openings, grassland - Plant 20-79". Stem leaves marshes, disturbed places - Plant 16-39", partly 16-39" tall, milky sap. Leaves 0.8-1.6" long, very Plant gen < 6' tall. Leaf pairs fused around stem. oblong, bract-like. Flower bracts not spreading. hairy. Leaf 1.6-6", 0.2-1.2" wide. Rays violet, narrow, waxy blue. Flowers purple. Flower cluster lavender, 5-10 cm long, bracts Flowers 5-6, white to dark pink. 0.3-0.5" long. spreading. INVASIVE weed. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Blue/Pink/Purple Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 20

RED VALERIAN (Centranthus ruber) Naturalized ROBUST VERVAIN (Verbena lasiostachys var. LOW AMARANTH (Amaranthus deflexus) GREEN DOCK (Rumex conglomeratus) Perennial - Valerian Family - (Apr–Jul) - scabrida) Native Perennial - Vervain Family - Naturalized Annual - Amaranth Family - Naturalized Perennial - Buckwheat Family - Disturbed places, rock or wall crevices, roadsides (May–Sep) - Open, dry to wet places - Plant (May–Nov) - Railroad right-of-ways, disturbed (May–Aug) - Common. Moist places - Stem - Stem 1-3' long, hollow, gen woody base. 14-32" tall. Leaves green, narrow, 3-lobed, areas - Stems low, 4-20", mostly lying on ground. 12-32" tall, unbranched below. Flower cluster Leaves 2-3" long. Flowers purple-red or white, stiff-haired above. Flowers blue to purple on long Dense flower clusters at stem sides and ends, open. Fruit valves ~0.1" long, scarcely winged 0.5-0.7" long. Cultivar. stalk. 1-3" long, green or brown. around the 3 tubercles, smooth edged.

CURLY DOCK (Rumex crispus) Naturalized GOLDEN DOCK (Rumex fueginus) Native FIDDLE DOCK (Rumex pulcher) Naturalized WOOLLY FRUITED DESERTPARSLEY Perennial - Buckwheat Family - (All year) - Annual-Biennial - Buckwheat Family - (May–Aug) Perennial - Buckwheat Family - (May–Sep) - (Lomatium dasycarpum subsp. dasycarpum) Abundant. Disturbed places - Stem 16-39" tall. - Riparian, disturbed places, shores, marshes, Disturbed places, meadows, moist or dry habitats Native Perennial - Carrot Family - (Mar–Jun) - Flower cluster dense, valves 0.2-0.24", winged bogs, wet meadows - Stem 6-24" tall, gen - Stem 8-24" long, branches widely spreading. Rocky (gen serpentine), chaparral, woodland - around tubercles, smooth edged. 1 tubercle branched. Leaf blades 2-10" long 0.6-1.2" wide. Leaf blades 1.6-4" long, 1.2-2" wide. Valves Plant 4-20", short-hairy. Flowers greenish-white, enlarged. INVASIVE. Valves w/2-3 teeth. w/2-5 teeth. petals and fruit hairy. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 21

CHECKER LILY (Fritillaria affinis) Native HOARY NETTLE (Urtica dioica subsp. DWARF NETTLE (Urtica urens) Naturalized CUT-LEAF PLANTAIN (Plantago coronopus) Perennial - Lily Family - (Mar–Jun) - Common. holosericea) Native Perennial - Nettle Family - Annual - Nettle Family - (Jan–Jun) - Disturbed Native Annual-Biennial - Plantain Family - Oak or pine scrub, grassland - Stem 4-47" tall. (Jun–Sep) - Meadows, seeps, springs, margins of areas, stream banks, shaded areas in grassland, (Apr–Jul) - Coastal bluffs, salt marshes, trampled Leaves 1.6-6.3" long, whorled below. Petals marshes, streams, lakes, moist areas in oak woodland, chaparral, coastal-sage scrub, places, chaparral, grassy flats - Leaves 1.6-10" mottled brown-purple and yellow-green, 0.4-1.6" chaparral, coastal scrub - Plant 3.3-9.8' tall, riparian woodland - Leaf teeth sharp. Petals 2 long, tooth-like lobes. Flower: stems 1-6, 2-20" long. grayish, covered with stinging hairs. large, 2 small, free to base. tall, cluster 0.8-8" long.

COMMON PLANTAIN (Plantago major) LADY'S MANTLE (Aphanes occidentalis) Native TURKEY-MULLEIN (Croton setigerus) Native PETTY SPURGE (Euphorbia peplus) Naturalized Naturalized Annual-Perennial - Plantain Family - Annual - Rose Family - (Mar–May) - Seasonally Annual - Spurge Family - (May–Oct) - Dry, open, Annual - Spurge Family - (Feb–Aug) - Common. (Apr–Sep) - Disturbed areas - Leaves basal, moist grassland, chaparral, woodland - Plant often disturbed areas - Plant < 8" tall, moundlike, Disturbed areas - Stem 4-18" cm tall, smooth. blades 5-18 cm long, broadly oval, not hairy. inconspicuous, soft hairy, < 4" tall. Leaves covered w/long stiff hairs. Leaf blade 0.4-2" long, Leaves 0.4-1.4" long, entire. Gland Flowers + stem 2-24" tall, flower cluster gen 0.1-0.5" long, deeply lobed. Flowers oval. TOXIC to livestock. crescent-shaped. Seeds dotted. Fruit 2-keeled on 1.2-8" long. yellow-green, < 0.1" long. angles. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 22

WART SPURGE (Euphorbia spathulata) Native PYGMY WEED (Crassula connata) Native MUGWORT (Artemisia douglasiana) Native DAGGERLEAF COTTONROSE (Logfia gallica) Annual - Spurge Family - (Mar–Jun) - Open, gen Annual - Stonecrop Family - (Feb–May) - Open Perennial - Sunflower Family - (May–Nov) - Naturalized Annual - Sunflower Family - disturbed places - Stem 6-17" tall, smooth. areas - Plants 0.8-2.4"+ tall, red in age. Flowers < Common. Open to shady areas, often in (Mar–Jul) - Bare or grassy openings, burns - Leaves spoon-shaped, 0.4-1.2" long, finely 0.1" long, 2 per node; Sepals 4, pointed end. drainages - Plant 20-60" tall. Leaves gen 0.4-4" Plant 1-20" tall, gen cobwebby. Leaves toothed. Gland oblong. Petals generally < sepals. long, densely hairy below, some 3-5 lobed. awl-shaped, stiff, > flower heads. Flowers brown Flower bracts hairy. to yellow.

SLENDER WOOLLY-MARBLES (Psilocarphus SPINY COCKLEBUR (Xanthium spinosum) COCKLEBUR (Xanthium strumarium) Native COMMON FIDDLENECK (Amsinckia intermedia) tenellus) Native Annual - Sunflower Family - Native Annual - Sunflower Family - (Jul–Oct) - Annual - Sunflower Family - (Jul–Oct) - Native Annual - Borage Family - (Mar–Jun) - (Mar–Jul) - Common. Dry, seasonally moist Disturbed, seasonally wet, often alkaline sites, in Disturbed, seasonally wet, often alkaline sites, in Abundant. Open, generally disturbed places - slopes, flats, burns, trails, rarely vernal pools - grassland, marshes, watercourses - Plant 4-24". grassland, marshes, watercourses - Plant 4-32" Plant 0.5-3' tall. Flowers orange with 5 red spots, Plant hairy. Leaves spoon-shaped. Disk flowers Stem node spines 0.6-1.2" long, golden, gen tall. Stem spineless. Bur 0.4-1.2"+ long. 0.3-0.4" long, 0.2-0.4" wide, tube straight. 4-lobed. 3-lobed. Bur 0.4-0.5" long. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Red/Orange Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 23

COMMON INDIAN PAINTBRUSH (Castilleja WOOLLY PAINTBRUSH (Castilleja foliolosa) WARRIOR'S PLUME (Pedicularis densiflora) SHEEP SORREL (Rumex acetosella) Naturalized affinis subsp. affinis) Native Perennial - Native Perennial - Broom-rape Family - Native Perennial - Broom-rape Family - Perennial - Buckwheat Family - (Apr–Jul) - ± Broom-rape Family - (Mar–Jun) - Chaparral, (Mar–Jun) - Dry, open, rocky slopes, edges of (Mar–May) - Dry chaparral, oak/pine forest - Disturbed, often acidic places - Stem < 16". Leaf coastal scrub - Plants 6-24" tall, gen bristly, chaparral - Plant 1-2' tall, base slightly woody, Hairy. Stem 2.4-22". Basal leaves 5-28 cm long, gen basal, blade 0.8-2.4" long, lower non-sticky. Leaves 1-3", lance-shaped, 0-5 lobes. much branched, woolly. Flower cluster 13-41 segments. Flowers deep-red to red-purple, arrowhead-shaped w/2 lobes. Flowers yellowish, Flower cluster open, red to orange-red. orange-red (occas. yellow-green). 0.9-1.4" long, lower lip 1/8th upper. turn reddish. INVASIVE.

CRIMSON COLUMBINE (Aquilegia formosa) RED OR ORANGE LARKSPUR (Delphinium CALIFORNIA FUCHSIA (Epilobium canum LEOPARD LILY (Lilium pardalinum subsp. Native Perennial - Buttercup Family - (Apr–Sep) - nudicaule) Native Perennial - Buttercup Family - subsp. canum) Native Perennial - Evening pardalinum) Native Perennial - Lily Family - Streambanks, seeps, moist places, chaparral, (Mar–Jun) - Moist talus, wooded, rocky slopes - Primrose Family - (Jun–Dec) - Dry slopes, ridges (May–Aug) - Moist places (drier along coast) - oak woodland, mixed-evergreen or conifer forests Stem gen 6-20" tall, usually hairless. Flowers - Plant hairy, gen sticky with a woody base. Leaf Plant < 9' tall. Leaves whorled. Flowers orange - Flowers about 2" long, yellow with red sepals & scarlet to orange-red. Hummingbird pollinated. 0.3-2.8" long, gray to green. Flowers red-orange, with some red, many maroon spots, petals 2.4-4" spurs. floral tube 0.8-1.2" long. long. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Red/Orange Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 24

SCARLET PIMPERNEL (Anagallis arvensis) FLATPOD PEAVINE (Lathyrus cicera) CRIMSON CLOVER (Trifolium incarnatum) CALIFORNIA PINK (Silene laciniata subsp. Naturalized Annual - Myrsine Family - (Mar–May) Naturalized Annual - Pea Family - (Apr–Jun) - Naturalized Annual - Pea Family - (May–Aug) - californica) Native Perennial - Pink Family - - Common. Disturbed places, ocean beaches - Uncommon. Disturbed areas - Stem narrowly Uncommon. Disturbed areas - Hairy. Leaflets (Spring–summer) - Chaparral, oak woodland, Plants 2-16" tall. Flowers 0.2-0.3" long, salmon or winged. Leaflets 2, 1.2-2.4" long, very narrow. 0.6-0.8" long, wedge-shaped. Flower cluster conifer forest, serpentine or not - Plant 8-28" tall. occasionally blue. Leaves TOXIC, can cause Tendril branched and coiled. Flowers red-purple, 0.8-2.4" long, cylindrical. Flowers crimson or Petals 0.5-1" long, bright red. dermititis. solitary, 0.4-0.6" long. white, 0.4-0.6" long.

CALIFORNIA POPPY (Eschscholzia californica) WIND POPPY (Papaver heterophyllum) Native CALIFORNIA FIGWORT (Scrophularia SEASIDE HELIOTROPE (Heliotropium Native Perennial - Poppy Family - (Feb–Sep) - Annual - Poppy Family - (Apr–May) - Grassy californica) Native Perennial - Snapdragon Family curassavicum var. oculatum) Native Perennial - Grassy, open areas - Plant 2-24" tall. Flower areas, openings in chaparral - Plant 1-2', yellow - (Mar–Jul) - Common; damp places, chaparral, Borage Family - (Feb–Oct) - Moist to dry, saline w/spreading rim <= 0.2". Petals 0.8-2.4" long, sap. Petals orange-red, 0.4-0.8" long. Stigma roadsides - Stem 2.6-4' tall, square x-section. to alkaline soils, gen near water - Plant fleshy. early spring = large and orange, fall = smaller and spherical on slender style. Leaves opposite, to 7" long, triangular, toothed. Leaf 0.4-2.4 cm long. Flowers white w/ yellow yellow. Flowers 0.3-0.5" long, upper lips red to maroon, center, 0.12-0.2" long. lower paler or yellowish. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - White Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 25

VARIABLE-LEAF NEMOPHILA (Nemophila COMMON PHACELIA (Phacelia distans) Native ROCK PHACELIA (Phacelia imbricata subsp. RUSTY POPCORNFLOWER (Plagiobothrys heterophylla) Native Annual - Borage Family - Annual - Borage Family - (Mar–May) - Common. imbricata) Native Perennial - Borage Family - nothofulvus) Native Annual - Borage Family - (Feb–Jun) - Common. Forest, chaparral, Clay to rocky soils, slopes - Plant 6-32" tall. (Apr–Jul) - Slopes, roadsides, flats, canyons, (Mar–May) - Common; open woodland, grassland roadsides, streambanks - Flower 0.1-0.4" long, Leaves divided. Flowers 0.24-0.35" long, dirty chaparral, woodland - Plant 8-47", tufted. Leaf - Plant 8-28" tall, red-purple sap. Flower unspotted, bract appendages < 0.04" long in fruit. white. Seeds 2-4. segments 7-15. Flowers 0.2-0.3", white. Flower 0.16-0.35" wide, white. Seed often only 1, bracts often sticky. horizontal.

COMMON MUILLA (Muilla maritima) Native VALLEY TASSELS (Castilleja attenuata) Native KNOTWEED (Polygonum aviculare subsp. COMMON STAR LILY (Toxicoscordion fremontii) Perennial - Brodiaea Family - (Mar–Jun) - Annual - Broom-rape Family - (Mar–May) - depressum) Naturalized Annual - Buckwheat Native Perennial - Bunchflower Family - Coastal scrub, grassland, woodland, valleys - Grassland - Plant 4-20" tall, hairy, non-sticky. Family - (May–Nov) - Disturbed places - Stem (Feb–Jun) - Grassy or wooded slopes, outcrops - Stems 4-20". Leaves 3-10, 4-24" long, basal, Leaves 0.8-3.1" long, narrow, 0-3 lobes. Flower 4-20", mat-forming. Flowers 2-8/leaf axil, ~0.1" Stem 16-35" tall. Flower cluster branched or linear. Flowers 4-70/umbel, green-white w/brown cluster 1-12" long, narrow, tips white or pale long, fused 1/2 length, w/white or pink margins. unbranched. Petals 6, white to yellowish, 0.2-0.6" midvein, lobes 0.12-0.24" long. yellow. long, > stamens. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - White Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 26

STARRY FALSE SOLOMON'S SEAL BANEBERRY (Actaea rubra) Native Perennial - BUR-CHERVIL (Anthriscus caucalis) Naturalized WESTERN WATER-HEMLOCK (Cicuta (Maianthemum stellatum) Native Perennial - Buttercup Family - (May–Sep) - Deep soils, Annual - Carrot Family - (Apr–Jun) - Generally douglasii) Native Perennial - Carrot Family - Butcher's Broom Family - (Apr–Jun) - Moist moist, open to shaded sites, mixed-evergreen or shady places - Plant 18-40" tall. Flowers white; (Jun–Sep) - Wet places, gen aquatic - Plants woodland, streambanks, open slopes - Stem conifer forests - Plant 8-40" tall. Flowers white. flower stalk >= fruit length. Fruits 0.1-0.2" long 5-10' tall. Leaves 1-3x divided, leaflets 1-10, 12-28" long. Leaf 2-7" long. Flowers 5-15/cluster. Fruits shiny red or white, 0.2-0.4" long. All plant with curved "velcro" bristles. Leaves fern-like, serrate edges. Flowers white. Fruits round. The Petals white, 0.16-0.28" long. parts TOXIC to humans. triangular outline. most lethally TOXIC native plant.

POISON HEMLOCK (Conium maculatum) RATTLESNAKE WEED (Daucus pusillus) Native COW PARSNIP (Heracleum maximum) Native WATER PARSLEY (Oenanthe sarmentosa) Naturalized Biennial - Carrot Family - (Apr–Jul) - Annual - Carrot Family - (Apr–Jun) - Rocky or Perennial - Carrot Family - (Apr–Jul) - Moist Native Perennial - Carrot Family - (Jun–Oct) - Common. Moist, esp disturbed places - Plants sandy places - Plant 1-35" tall, usually < 20". places, wooded or open - Plants 1-3 m tall, Streams, marshes, ponds, gen aquatic - Plant 2-10' tall. Stems purple-spotted. Leaves fern-like, Flower clusters with < 13 flowers, all white. woolly-hairy. Leaflets 3, maple-lobed, 4-16" wide. 20-60" tall. Young shoots curled, tendril-like. gen 2x divided. Flowers white. TOXIC. INVASIVE Young roots edible. Sap TOXIC to some people, Petals white, outermost longest. Juice causes Leaves twice-pinnate, leaflets alike, broad, weed. causing dermititis. dermatitis. serrate to lobed. Flowers white. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - White Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 27

SWEET-CICELY (Osmorhiza berteroi) Native VENUS' NEEDLE (Scandix pecten-veneris) TALL SOCK-DESTROYER (Torilis arvensis) SHORT SOCK-DESTROYER (Torilis nodosa) Perennial - Carrot Family - (Apr–Jul) - Conifer Naturalized Annual - Carrot Family - (Apr–Jun) - Naturalized Annual - Carrot Family - (Apr–Jul) - Naturalized Annual - Carrot Family - (Apr–Jun) - forest, woodland, disturbed areas - Plant 12-47". Grassy slopes, roadsides - Plant 6-20" tall. Leaf Disturbed places - Plant erect, 12-40". Flower Disturbed places - Plant spreading, 4-20" tall. Leaflets in 3s, serrate to irreg lobed. Flower segments finely divided, linear. Flowers white, clusters open, > leaf. Fruits 0.1-0.2" long, Flowers white to red, clusters dense, < leaf. Fruit white. Fruit 0.5-1", upward pointing barbs, outer petals larger. Fruit 0.2-1" long with a beak covered with uncurved bristles. Flowers white or ~ 0.1" long, uncurved bristles on outer surface, splitting apart below. 0.8-2.8" long. pinkish. INVASIVE weed. bumps inside.

WAVYLEAF SOAP PLANT (Chlorogalum CALIFORNIA MAN-ROOT (Marah fabacea) COAST MAN-ROOT (Marah oregana) Native WHITE GLOBE LILY (Calochortus albus) Native pomeridianum var. pomeridianum) Native Native Perennial - Gourd Family - (Feb–Apr) - Perennial - Gourd Family - (Mar–May) - Shrubby Perennial - Lily Family - (Apr–Jun) - Common. Perennial - Century Plant Family - (May–Aug) - Streamsides, washes, shrubby open areas - Vine or open areas, forest edges - Vine 3-20' long. Shady to open woodland, scrub - Stem 2-8 dm. Common. Open grassland, chaparral, woodland - 6-20' long. Leaves moderately lobed. Flowers Leaves deeply lobed. Flowers white, deep Leaves grasslike. Flowers 2-many, hanging, Plant 1-8' tall, flowers at night. Bulb juices lather cream or white, < 0.3" wide. Fruit spiny all over. cup-shaped, > 0.3" wide. Fruit smooth at end. closed at tip. Sepals 10-15 mm. Petals white to in water. pink, 20-25 mm long. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - White Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 28

OAKLAND STAR-TULIP (Calochortus WHITE BUTTERFLY MARIPOSA LILY FRAGRANT FRITILLARY (Fritillaria liliacea) HOOKER FAIRY BELLS (Prosartes hookeri) umbellatus) Native Perennial - Lily Family - (Calochortus venustus) Native Perennial - Lily Native Perennial - Lily Family - (Feb–Apr) - Native Perennial - Lily Family - (Mar–Jun) - (Mar–May) - Open chaparral or woodland, gen on Family - (May–Jul) - Sandy (often granitic) soil in Heavy soil, open hills, fields near coast - Stem Montane conifer, mixed-evergreen forest, serpentine - Stem 3-10". Petals white or pink, grassland, woodland, yellow-pine forest - Flowers 4-14" tall. Leaves 2-20, 1.4-4.7" long. Petals exposed roadside - Stem 12-32" tall. Leaf 1.2-6" 0.5-0.7" long, square tip, purple-spotted base. white w/square yellow nectary; 2 red patches white, striped green, 0.4-0.6" long. CNPS: long. Flower 0.3-0.6" long, white, hanging below CNPS: FAIRLY ENDANGERED. above. Petals 1.2-2" long. FAIRLY ENDANGERED. the leaves, stamens > petals.

GOOSE GRASS (Galium aparine) Native Annual CHEESEWEED (Malva parviflora) Naturalized COMMON MINER'S LETTUCE (Claytonia YERBA BUENA (Clinopodium douglasii) Native - Madder Family - (Apr–Jun) - Grassy, ± shady Annual - Mallow Family - (Mar–May) - Common. perfoliata subsp. perfoliata) Native Annual - Perennial - Mint Family - (Apr–Sep) - Shady places - Stem 12-35" long, weak, brittle. Leaves Disturbed places - Stem 8-32" long, gen erect, Miner's Lettuce Family - (Jan–May) - Vernally places, chaparral, woodland - Stem trailing, gen 0.5-1.6" long, in whorls of 6-8. Flowers white, widely branched. Flower bractlets linear. Petals moist, often shady or disturbed sites - Basal leaf woody, forming mats. Leaves 0.4-1.4" long, oval. 4-lobed. Fruits covered w/short, hooked hairs. 0.1-0.2" long, pink to gen white. Fruit with flange length <3x width. Stem leaf gen not angled. Petals white to lavender, 3-8 mm long. Aromatic. from flower bracts. Seeds shiny w/large appendage. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - White Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 29

COMMON HOREHOUND (Marrubium vulgare) CLIMBING MORNING-GLORY (Calystegia SHORTSTEM MORNING-GLORY (Calystegia BINDWEED (Convolvulus arvensis) Naturalized Naturalized Perennial - Mint Family - (Mar–Nov) - purpurata subsp. purpurata) Native Perennial - subacaulis subsp. subacaulis) Native Perennial - Perennial - Morning-glory Family - (Mar–Oct) - Disturbed sites, gen overgrazed pastures - Stem Morning-glory Family - (May–Jun) - Chaparral, Morning-glory Family - (Apr–Jun) - Dry, open Roadsides, open areas in many pl communities - 4-24" long. Leaf blades 0.6-2.2" long. Flower coastal scrub - Stem strongly climbing. Leaf scrub or woodland - Stem gen ~0.8" long. Trailing. Leaf 0.8-1.2" long, w/round tip, pointed bract w/10 hook-tipped teeth. Flowers white, triangular, lobes strongly angled. Bractlets Flowers 1.3-2.4" long, white or cream. Bractlets lobes. Flowers white to pink, 0.8-1" long. ~0.2" long. INVASIVE. smooth, small, distant. concealing flower bracts. NOXIOUS.

DWARF SANDWEED (Athysanus pusillus) SHEPHERD'S PURSE (Capsella bursa-pastoris) MILK MAIDS (Cardamine californica) Native WESTERN BITTER-CRESS (Cardamine Native Annual - Mustard Family - (Feb–Jun) - Naturalized Annual - Mustard Family - (Jan–Oct) Perennial - Mustard Family - (Jan–May) - Gen oligosperma) Native Annual - Mustard Family - Grassy, open slopes, rocky outcrops, chaparral, - Disturbed areas - Stem 4-20" long. Basal leaves shaded sites, canyons, woodland. One of first (Mar–Jul) - Wet meadows, shady banks, damp flats, floodplains, cliffs, ledges - Stem 2-12" long, 1.2-2.4" long, dandelion-like. Petals white, spring flowers - Stem 10-24" long. Leaves lobed areas - Plants < 16". Leaves divided into 5-9 spindly. Flower cluster 1-sided. Petals white, 0.08-0.16" long. Fruits 0.16-0.35" long, flat, to compound w/sharp teeth. Petals white or pale leaflets. Flowers white, 0.1-0.2" long. Fruit < 0.1" ~0.1" long. Fruits round, hairy. heart-shaped. rose, 0.3-0.5" long. wide. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - White Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 30

LESSER SWINE CRESS (Lepidium didymum) PERENNIAL PEPPERGRASS (Lepidium THREADLEAF PEPPERGRASS (Lepidium PROSTRATE PEPPERGRASS (Lepidium Naturalized Annual - Mustard Family - (Mar–Jul) - latifolium) Naturalized Perennial - Mustard Family nitidum) Native Annual - Mustard Family - strictum) Naturalized Annual - Mustard Family - Common. Disturbed areas, fields, pastures - - (Jun–Sep) - Pastures, disturbed areas, fields, (Feb–Mar) - Alkaline soils, pastures, dry vernal (Apr–Jun) - Uncommon. Disturbed areas, Stem 4-18" tall. Petals white, ~0.02" long. Fruit grassland, saline meadows, streambanks, pools, fields, beaches - Fruit stalk flat. Fruit woodland, slopes - Stem 2.8-6.7", gen crawling. wrinkled, style < notch. sagebrush scrub, edge of marshes - Plant smooth, 0.14-0.24" long, cupped, winged. Leaves pinnately lobed. Flower cluster crowded, 14-47". Petals white. NOXIOUS. stallk < fruit, sepals stay.

WATER CRESS (Nasturtium officinale) Native HAIRY FRINGEPOD (Thysanocarpus curvipes) SMALL-FLOWERED NIGHTSHADE (Solanum THREE CORNERED LEEK (Allium triquetrum) Perennial - Mustard Family - (Mar–Nov) - Native Annual - Mustard Family - (Feb–Jun) - americanum) Native Annual-Perennial - Naturalized Perennial - Onion or Garlic Family - Streams, springs, marshes, lake margins, Common. Slopes, washes, moist meadows, Nightshade Family - (Apr–Nov) - Open, often (Mar–Apr) - Locally common. Shady ± disturbed swamps - Stem 4-43" long. Leaflets 3-9, 0.3-1" woodland, streambanks - Stem 4-24". Leaf disturbed places - Flower 0.12-0.24" wide w/3mm places - Stem 4-16", sharply 3-angled. Flowers wide. Petals white, 0.12-0.18" long. EDIBLE clasping w/'ears'. Fruit 0.12-0.24" wide, hanging, lobes, white, anthers ~0.07". Seeds ~0.05". white, 3-15, 0.4-0.7" long, nodding. Escaped leaves. often hairy w/perforated edge. Bracts 0.04-0.08", curled back in fruit. ornamentals. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - White Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 31

SPOTTED CORALROOT (Corallorhiza maculata GAMBEL MILKVETCH (Astragalus gambelianus) GULLY LUPINE (Lupinus microcarpus var. CALIFORNIA TEA (Rupertia physodes) Native var. maculata) Native Perennial - Orchid Family - Native Annual - Pea Family - (Mar–Jul) - Open, densiflorus) Native Annual - Pea Family - Perennial - Pea Family - (May–Sep) - Woodland - (May–Aug) - Shaded mixed-evergreen or conifer grassy areas, scrub - Plant 8-12" tall, slender. (Apr–Jun) - Abundant. Open or disturbed areas, Stem ~1.6'. Leaflets 3, triangular to forest, in decomposing lf litter - Flower lip white, Leaflets square-tipped. Flowers 4-15/cluster, occ seeded on roadbanks - Plant 4-32" tall, hairy. lance-shaped, 1.4-2.8" long, sticky. Flower bracts not widest at tip, w/2 rounded side lobes. white w/purple-tinge, ~0.1" long. Fruits ~0.15" Flowers 0.3-0.7" long, white to yellow. Flower not hairy, lobes =. Flowers white or yellow, long, reflexed. bract hairs few, short. banner 0.4-0.55" long.

THIMBLE CLOVER (Trifolium microdon) Native WHITE CLOVER (Trifolium repens) Naturalized SUBTERRANEAN CLOVER (Trifolium STICKY MOUSE-EAR CHICKWEED (Cerastium Annual - Pea Family - (Mar–Jun) - Common Perennial - Pea Family - (Feb–Dec) - Disturbed subterraneum) Naturalized Annual - Pea Family - glomeratum) Naturalized Annual - Pink Family - locally. Open, moist or dry, gen disturbed areas - areas - Stem creeping. Leaflets 0.2-1" long, oval, (Mar–Apr) - Meadows, roadsides, disturbed areas (Spring) - Dry hillsides, grassland, chaparral, Short-hairy. Head bract w/flat base. Flowers wider at tip end. Flower cluster 0.4-1" wide. - Plant hairy, creeping. Leaflets 0.4-0.6" long. disturbed areas - Flowers 0.1-02" long, white, white to pink. Calyx lobes < 1/2 flower tube Flowers white, 0.28-0.43" long, becoming Head 0.4" wide. Flowers white, 0.3-0.55" long, sticky-hairy. Flower bract hairs extend beyond tip; length, < flowers. reflexed. No head bract. fruit in a bur. bracts herbaceous. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - White Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 32

SMALL-FLOWER CATCHFLY (Silene gallica) STICKWORT (Spergula arvensis) Naturalized COMMON CHICKWEED (Stellaria media) CALIFORNIA DWARF PLANTAIN (Plantago Naturalized Annual - Pink Family - (Spring–early Annual - Pink Family - (Spring–early summer) - Naturalized Annual - Pink Family - (Feb–Sep) - erecta) Native Annual - Plantain Family - summer) - Fields, disturbed areas - Plant 4-16". Open slopes, pine woodland, sand dunes, fields, Oak woodland, meadows, disturbed areas - Plant (Mar–May) - Sandy, clay, serpentine soil; grassy Leaves < 1.4" long. Flower cluster short-hairy, disturbed areas - Stem 4-16"+. Leaves 0.4-2" 2.8-20" tall. Stem w/line of hairs on 1 side. Sepals slopes, flats, open woodland - Leaf 1.2-5" long, bracts sticky-hairy, petal blade 0.2-0.5" long, long, linear, in whorls. 0.12-0.18" long. Petals white, 2-lobed, 0.7-0.9x linear, hairy. Flowers + stem 1.2-12" tall, cluster smooth to notched, white to pink. sepals. 0.2-1.2" long.

ENGLISH PLANTAIN (Plantago lanceolata) CREAM CUPS (Platystemon californicus) Native STICKY CINQUEFOIL (Drymocallis glandulosa WOOD STRAWBERRY (Fragaria vesca) Native Naturalized Annual - Plantain Family - (Apr–Aug) Annual - Poppy Family - (Mar–May) - Open var. wrangelliana) Native Perennial - Rose Family Perennial - Rose Family - (Jan–Jul) - Gen partial - Common. Disturbed areas - Leaves basal, grassland, sandy soil, burns - Plant 1.2-12" tall, - (May–Jul) - Gen ± shady or moist areas - Stem shade in forest - Stem gen 1.2-6" long. Leaflets 3, hairy, 2-10" long, <= 1" wide. Flowers + stem shaggy-hairy. Leaves 0.4-3.5" long, narrow. 8-28". Flower 0.2-0.25" long, pale yellow to thin. Central leaflet gen w/12-21 teeth. Flower 8-31" tall, flower cluster 0.8-3" long. INVASIVE, Flowers solitary. Stamens > 12. Petals 6, gen cream. Terminal leaflet distinct, unlobed. white, gen 0.6" wide, often above leaves. Fruit a lawn weed. cream with yellow base. strawberry. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - White Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 33

SMALL-FLOWER ALUMROOT (Heuchera WOODLAND STAR (Lithophragma affine) Native CALIFORNIA SAXIFRAGE (Micranthes FRINGE CUPS (Tellima grandiflora) Native micrantha) Native Perennial - Saxifrage Family - Perennial - Saxifrage Family - (Mar–Apr) - Open, californica) Native Perennial - Saxifrage Family - Perennial - Saxifrage Family - (Apr–Jul) - Moist (Apr–Jul) - Moist, rocky banks and cliffs - Plant grassy slopes - Plant 4-24" tall. Leaves w/3-5 (Feb–May(Jun)) - Moist, shady places - Plant slopes - Plan 16-39" tall, hairy. Flower cluster 4-40" tall. Leaf blade 0.8-4.7" long, 5-7 lobed, sharp-toothed shallow lobes, stem leaves 6-14" tall. Leaves 1.6-4" long, at base, unbranched. Petals green-white to rose or red, generally hairy. Petals white, ~ 0.1" long. alternate. Petals 0.2-0.5" long, white. Hypanthium egg-shaped, >= 0.08" wide, toothed. Petals 0.12-0.28" long, falling early. Stamens 10. funnel-shaped. white, 0.1-0.18" long. Hypanthium bell-shaped.

YARROW (Achillea millefolium) Native Perennial MAYWEED (Anthemis cotula) Naturalized Annual MARSH BACCHARIS (Baccharis glutinosa) ENGLISH DAISY (Bellis perennis) Naturalized - Sunflower Family - (Apr–Sep) - Many habitats - - Sunflower Family - (Apr–Aug) - Common. Native Perennial - Sunflower Family - (Jul–Oct) - Perennial - Sunflower Family - (Dec–Sep) - Plant 4"-7' tall. Stem white-hairy. Leaves finely Disturbed areas, fields, coastal dunes, chaparral, Coastal freshwater and saltwater marshes, Damp, grassy areas - Herbaceous lawn weed. dissected. Flower cluster flat-topped. Flowers oak woodland - Leaves finely divided into streambanks - Plant herbaceous, sticky, 3-6' tall. Leaves 0.8-4" long, spoon-shaped. Ray flowers white to pink. Widely used in folk medicine. thread-like lobes. Flowers > 0.6" wide, many on Leaf blades lance-shaped, < 5" long, 0.5-1.2" white, 0.3-0.4" long, narrow. Disk flowers yellow, top of a well-branched stem. wide. ~ 0.1" long. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - White Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 34

COMMON CALIFORNIA-ASTER (Corethrogyne HORSEWEED (Erigeron canadensis) Naturalized HAYFIELD TARWEED (Hemizonia congesta WHITE HAWKWEED (Hieracium albiflorum) filaginifolia) Native Perennial - Sunflower Family - Annual - Sunflower Family - (All year) - Disturbed subsp. luzulifolia) Native Perennial - Sunflower Native Perennial - Sunflower Family - (May–Sep) (Jul–Nov) - Coastal scrub, chaparral, grassland, places - Plant 8-79" tall. Gen 1 main stem Family - (Mar–Dec) - Disturbed, open, or grassy - Forest - Stem 8-47" tall, densely long-hairy. foothill woodland, forest - Heads 3-20+, calyx branching above. Disk flowers yellow; rays white sites, often clayey soils, serpentine - Plant 2-32" Leaves mostly at base, 3-6" long, not lobed. length 2x width. Rays white to pink-purple. or pink, <= 0.04" long. Head bracts 0.12-0.16" tall. Flowers white, rays 0.2-0.5" long; head bract Flower cluster widely branched, heads tall,0.08-0.12" wide. tips < body. few-haired. Rays white. Milky sap.

COTTONWEED (Micropus californicus var. CALIFORNIA EVERLASTING CALIFORNIA CHICORY (Rafinesquia californica) PINCUSHION FLOWER (Scabiosa atropurpurea) californicus) Native Annual - Sunflower Family - (Pseudognaphalium californicum) Native Biennial Native Annual - Sunflower Family - (Apr–Jul) - Naturalized Annual - Teasel Family - (Mar-Nov) - (Mar–Jun) - Clearings, often disturbed, dry or - Sunflower Family - (Apr–Jul) - Sandy canyons, Open sites in scrub, woodland; often common Disturbed areas - Stem < 2' tall. Leaves opposite, seasonally moist soils - Plant 0.4-20" tall. Disk dry hills, coastal chaparral - Stem 8-51" tall. after fire - Stem 2-15+ dm. Flower heads 0.8-1.2" pinnately dissected. Flower clusters < 1.2" wide, flowers < 5; top scale points up, largest gen Leaves green + glandular on both sides. Heads wide, solitary. Rays white or cream, extend flowers gen blue, pink, purple or white. 0.12-0.16" long. white, spheric, 0.2-0.24" long. 0.2-0.3" beyond bracts. Ornamental. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - White Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 35

LEMON VERBENA (Phyla nodiflora) Native SEASIDE / COASTAL PAINTBRUSH (Castilleja CLUSTERED BROOMRAPE (Orobanche YELLOW JOHNNY-TUCK (Triphysaria eriantha Perennial - Vervain Family - (May–Nov) - Wet wightii) Native Perennial - Broom-rape Family - fasciculata) Native Perennial - Broom-rape subsp. eriantha) Native Annual - Broom-rape places, pond margins - Mat-like. Leaf blade (Mar–Aug) - Coastal scrub - Plant 12-32" tall, Family - (Apr–Jul) - Dry, gen bare places. Root Family - (Mar–May) - Grassland, foothills - Plant 0.2-1.2" long, < 0.4" wide, 5-11 teeth. Flowers sticky, short-hairy. Leaves crowded, 0.8-2.4" parasite on various shrubs - Plant 2-8" tall. 4-14" tall, purple. Leaves 0.4-2" long, 3-7 lobed. white to red. Flower stem 0.6-3.5" tall. long. Flower cluster yellowish (bright red to Flowers pink or yellow, 5-20 on long stems. Flowers yellow with dark purple beak, 0.4-1" long. Ornamental. yellow).

CALIFORNIA BUTTERCUP (Ranunculus PRICKLESEED BUTTERCUP (Ranunculus FOOTHILL MEADOW-RUE (Thalictrum fendleri FENNEL (Foeniculum vulgare) Naturalized californicus var. californicus) Native Perennial - muricatus) Naturalized Annual - Buttercup Family var. polycarpum) Native Perennial - Buttercup Perennial - Carrot Family - (May–Sep) - Buttercup Family - (Mar–Aug) - Grassland, open - (Apr–Jun) - Stream-banks, drainages, low Family - (Mar–Jun) - Moist, open to shaded Roadsides, disturbed sites - Plants 3-6.5' tall, woodland - Petals 9-17, 0.28-0.55" long, often > meadows - Plant 6-20". Leaves gen 3-lobed. places, woodland, forest - Plant 2-6'+ tall, male or anise-scented. Stems waxy-blue, canelike. 2x width. Fruit body 0.07-0.13" long, 0.05-0.09" Petals yellow, 5, 0.16-0.3" long. Fruits 0.2" long female. Leaf 1-4x divided, 3-18" long, segments Flowers yellow. Leaf segments thread-like, edible wide, smooth. with curved bristles. 0.3-0.8" long. No petals. when young. INVASIVE weed. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Yellow Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 36

BLADDER PARSNIP (Lomatium utriculatum) POISON SANICLE (Sanicula bipinnata) Native PACIFIC WOODLAND SANICLE (Sanicula GOLDEN EGGS SUNCUP (Taraxia ovata) Native Native Perennial - Carrot Family - (Feb–May) - Perennial - Carrot Family - (Apr–May) - Open crassicaulis) Native Perennial - Carrot Family - Perennial - Evening Primrose Family - (Mar–Jun) Open grassy slopes, meadows, woodland - Plant grassland or pine/oak woodland - Plants 5-24" (Mar–May) - Open slopes, ravines, woodland - - Grassy fields, gen clay soil - Stemless. Leaf 4-20" tall, leafy stem. Leaf lobes linear, bases tall. Leaves 2x pinnate. Flowers yellow, male Plants stout, 9-47". Leaves 1-5" across with 3-5 blade oval, 1.2-6" long w/long stalks. Flower broad. Flowers bright yellow above unfused, flower stalk < fruit. Reported to be slightly TOXIC. deep, palmate lobes and serrate edges. Flowers stalks leafless. Petals yellow, 0.3-0.9" long. round bractlets. Fruit winged. yellow. Ovary hidden.

YELLOW MARIPOSA LILY (Calochortus luteus) GOLDEN MONKEYFLOWER (Mimulus guttatus) CLIMBING BEDSTRAW (Galium porrigens var. ERECT-POD WINTER CRESS (Barbarea Native Perennial - Lily Family - (Apr–Jun) - Heavy Native Perennial - Lopseed Family - (Mar–Aug) - porrigens) Native Perennial - Madder Family - orthoceras) Native Perennial - Mustard Family - soils in grassland, woodland, mixed-evergreen Common. Wet places, gen terrestrial, occ (May–Aug) - Among shrubs in chaparral, forest - (Mar–Jul) - Meadows, streambanks, moist forest - Stem 8-20" long. Flowers bell-shaped, emergent or floating in mats - Plant 0.8-60". Stem 4-59" long. Leaves 0.1-0.7" long, oval to woodland, grassland - Stem 8-24". Lower leaves deep yellow, 0.8-1.6" long, gen w/inner central Flower yellow, gen > 0.8" long; mature bracts egg-shaped, in whorls of 4. Flowers yellow to red, w/large terminal lobe, upper clasping stem. red-brown spot. flattened sideways, inflated in fruit. 4-lobed. Petals bright yellow, 0.2-0.3" long. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Yellow Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 37

BLACK MUSTARD (Brassica nigra) Naturalized TURNIP (Brassica rapa) Naturalized Annual - SHORTPOD MUSTARD (Hirschfeldia incana) CHARLOCK (Sinapis arvensis) Naturalized Annual - Mustard Family - (Apr–Sep) - Common. Mustard Family - (Jan–May) - Disturbed areas - Naturalized Biennial-Perennial - Mustard Family - Annual - Mustard Family - (Mar–Sep) - Disturbed Disturbed areas, fields - Plant 1-6' tall. Petals Stem 8-40" tall. Leaves clasping, upper (Apr–Oct) - Disturbed areas - Stem 16-60". areas - Stem 8-39", no rosette. Leaves coarse. bright yellow, 0.3-0.4" long. Fruit upright, pressed smooth-edged & waxy. Petals yellow, 0.2-0.4" Longest leaves 1.6-4" long, dense-hairy. Petals Petals 0.35-0.47" long, yellow. Fruit 0.8-1.8", against stem. INVASIVE weed. long, stalk 0.3-1"; fruit beak > 0.4". INVASIVE pale yellow, ~0.2" long. Fruit appressed. ascending, beak 0.24-0.47" long w/fat base. 3-7 weed. Fall-blooming. INVASIVE. valve veins. INVASIVE weed.

HEDGE MUSTARD (Sisymbrium officinale) CREEPING WOOD SORREL (Oxalis corniculata) BERMUDA BUTTERCUP (Oxalis pes-caprae) COLCHITA (Acmispon brachycarpus) Native Naturalized Annual - Mustard Family - (Apr–Sep) Naturalized Perennial - Oxalis Family - (Most of Naturalized Perennial - Oxalis Family - Annual - Pea Family - (Mar–Jun) - Abundant. - Disturbed areas, fields, pastures - Stem 10-22" Year) - Disturbed areas - Plant < 20" tall, rooting (Jan–May) - Disturbed areas, roadsides, Grassland, oak and pine woodland, desert flats tall, thin, wiry. Petals 0.1-0.16" long, pale yellow. at nodes. Leaflets < 0.8" long, in 3s. Petals grassland, dunes - Flowering stem < 12" tall. and mtns, roadsides - Soft, densely hairy, < 16" Fruit 0.4-0.55" long, awl-shaped, appressed. yellow, < 8 mm long. Fruit 0.24-1" long. Possibly Leaflets in 3s, < 1.4" long. Petals yellow, < 1" tall. Flower yellow, almost stemless, bract lobes TOXIC to sheep. long. Ornamental. INVASIVE weed. 1-2x flower tube. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Yellow Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 38

DEERWEED (Acmispon glaber var. glaber) CALIFORNIA LOTUS (Acmispon wrangelianus) BIRD'S-FOOT TREFOIL (Lotus corniculatus) CALIFORNIA BURCLOVER (Medicago Native Perennial - Pea Family - (Mar–Aug) - Native Annual - Pea Family - (Mar–Jun) - Naturalized Perennial - Pea Family - (Jun–Sep) - polymorpha) Naturalized Annual - Pea Family - Chaparral, roadsides, coastal sands; common - Abundant. Coastal bluffs, chaparral, disturbed Open, disturbed areas - Leaflets 5, 0.16-0.9" (Mar–Jul) - Common. Chaparral, oak woodland, Often shrubby, leaflets 3-6, many clusters of 3-7 areas - Low growing. Flowers yellow aging red, long. Flower cluster 3-7 flowered on0.6-4.7" stalk. streambanks, roadsides, disturbed areas - Stem stemless flowers, yellow fading to orange-red, 0.2-0.4" long, almost stemless. Bract lobes same Flowers bright yellow, 0.4-0.55" long, banner 4-20". Flower yellow, 0.14-0.24" long. Spiny spiral 0.3-0.5" long. length as flower tube. often reddish. fruits. INVASIVE.

SOURCLOVER (Melilotus indicus) Naturalized HOP CLOVER (Trifolium campestre) Naturalized LITTLE HOP CLOVER (Trifolium dubium) WOOLLY MULLEIN (Verbascum thapsus) Annual-Biennial - Pea Family - (Apr–Oct) - Open, Annual - Pea Family - (Apr–May) - Disturbed Naturalized Annual - Pea Family - (Spring) - Naturalized Biennial - Snapdragon Family - disturbed areas - Stem 4-24" long. Leaflets 3, areas, roadsides - Flower heads 0.3-0.5" wide, Agricultural, disturbed areas, lawns - Heads (May–Sep) - Roadsides, streambanks, disturbed 0.4-1" long. Flowers yellow, ~0.1" long. bright yellow, brown w/age, quickly reflexing. 0.16-0.3" wide. Flowers bright yellow, age brown, areas - Plant woolly lt-green. Stem 1-6.6' tall. Flowers with lengthwise ridges. quickly reflex, smooth. Leaves 2-20" long. Flowers yellow, 0.6-1" wide, sticky. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Yellow Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 39

BROADLEAF STONECROP (Sedum GIANT NATIVE DANDELION (Agoseris BIGSCALE BALSAMROOT (Balsamorhiza TOCALOTE (Centaurea melitensis) Naturalized spathulifolium) Native Perennial - Stonecrop grandiflora var. grandiflora) Native Perennial - macrolepis) Native Perennial - Sunflower Family - Annual - Sunflower Family - (Apr–Jul) - Disturbed Family - (Apr–Aug) - Outcrops, often in shade - Sunflower Family - (Apr–Jul) - Grassland, scrub, (Mar–Jul) - Open grassy or rocky slopes, valleys - fields, open woodland - Plant 4-39", gray-hairy, Plant mat-forming. Basal leaves spoon-shaped, woodland - Plant 10-40". Leaf lobes point up. Plant 8-24", hairy. Leaves basal, 6-16", divided. resinous. Leaves 0.8-6" long. Flowers yellow, forming persistent rosettes. Petals ~0.3" long, Flower rosy-purple, variable-sized bracts. Seed Flowers yellow, rays ~1". CNPS: FAIRLY 0.4-0.8" long, bracts tipped w/purple spines. yellow. tapers to beak > 2x body length. Leaf lobes point ENDANGERED. NOXIOUS weed. upward.

YELLOW STAR-THISTLE (Centaurea solstitialis) BRASS-BUTTONS (Cotula coronopifolia) GERMAN IVY (Delairea odorata) Naturalized FLAX-LEAVED HORSEWEED (Erigeron Naturalized Annual - Sunflower Family - Naturalized Perennial - Sunflower Family - Perennial - Sunflower Family - (Nov–Mar) - bonariensis) Naturalized Annual - Sunflower (May–Oct) - Invasive, roadsides, disturbed (Mar–Dec) - Common. Saline and freshwater Shady, ± disturbed places, riparian woodland, Family - (All year) - Disturbed sites - Plant 4-39" grassland or woodland - Plant 4-39" tall. Leaves marshes, mud flats - Plant 2-16"+ tall, smooth, ± coastal scrub - Vine stem 3-20' long. Heads ~ 20 tall, gray-hairy. Upper leaves narrow. Disk flowers woolly, extend down the stem. Flower bract fleshy. Leaves linear to lance-shaped w/linear per cluster. Disk flowers bright yellow. NOXIOUS yellow, disk-like rays white. Head bracts 0.14-0.2" spines 0.4-1" long. NOXIOUS weed. teeth or lobes. INVASIVE. weed. tall. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Yellow Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 40

GREAT VALLEY GUMPLANT (Grindelia ROSILLA (Helenium puberulum) Native Biennial - DIABLO HELIANTHELLA (Helianthella castanea) BRISTLY OX-TONGUE (Helminthotheca camporum) Native Perennial - Sunflower Family - Sunflower Family - (Jun–Aug) - Streambanks, Native Perennial - Sunflower Family - (Apr–Jun) - echioides) Naturalized Annual-Biennial - (May–Nov) - Sandy or saline bottomland, seepage areas, lake margins - Plant 20-63". Open, grassy sites - Stem 4-20" tall. Leaves w/ 1 Sunflower Family - (All year) - Common. roadsides - Stem non-woody, 2-8' tall, whitish. Flower head spherical, disk flowers ~0.1" long, pair of veins more distinct. Outer head bracts Disturbed areas - Stem 1-6.5' tall, bristly. Leaf Leaves gen resinous. Head to 1.2" wide, bracts yellow on sides, brown-purple on top; rays leaf-like, curl around head. CNPS: FAIRLY 2-8" long, covered with prickly bumps. Flower bend downward. 0.15-0.4" long, point down. ENDANGERED. heads 0.8-1.6" wide. INVASIVE weed.

TELEGRAPH WEED (Heterotheca grandiflora) SMOOTH CAT'S-EAR (Hypochaeris glabra) ROUGH CAT'S-EAR (Hypochaeris radicata) WILLOW LETTUCE (Lactuca saligna) Native Annual - Sunflower Family - (Jun–Oct(± all Naturalized Annual - Sunflower Family - Naturalized Perennial - Sunflower Family - Naturalized Annual - Sunflower Family - year)) - Disturbed areas, dry streambeds, sand (Mar–Jun) - Common. Disturbed areas, (Apr–Jul) - Disturbed areas, grassland, open (Jul–Nov) - Roadsides, grassland - Stem 12-39" dunes - Plant 0.3-8' tall, bristly, sticky, branched grassland, open woodland - Plant 4-24" tall, woodland - Plant 4-32" tall, rough-hairy. Rays tall. Leaf lobes entire or few-toothed, no prickles above. Leaf 0.8-2.8" long, lower clasp stem. Rays smooth. Rays 0.2-0.3" long, barely > head bracts. 0.4-0.6" long, well exceeding head bracts. Fruits underneath. Flowers 5-12, pale yellow, open in 25-40, 0.2-0.3" long. Only inner fruit beaked. INVASIVE. all beaked. INVASIVE weed. morning. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Yellow Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 41

PRICKLY LETTUCE (Lactuca serriola) COMMON HARE-LEAF (Lagophylla TIDY-TIPS (Layia platyglossa) Native Annual - GUMWEED (Madia gracilis) Native Annual - Naturalized Annual - Sunflower Family - ramosissima) Native Annual - Sunflower Family - Sunflower Family - (Feb–Jul) - Many habitats - Sunflower Family - (Apr–Aug) - Open, (May–Oct) - Abundant. Disturbed places - Stem (Apr–Oct) - Grassland, openings in scrub, Plant 1-28" tall, sticky. Leaves narrow. Ray semi-shaded or disturbed sites, many habitats, 1.6-10' tall, prickly-bristly. Leaves deeply-lobed, woodland, forest - Plant 4-40" tall. Leaves hairy, flowers 0.1-0.8" long, yellow w/white tips. Disk incl serpentine - Plant 2.4-40" tall, hairy, upper midvein and edges prickly-bristly. Flowers pale often sticky, to 4.7" long. Rays yellow, 0.12-0.24" anthers gen dark purple. half sticky. Leaf 0.4-4" long. Rays yellow, 3-10, yellow, 0.16-0.2" wide. long. 0.06-0.3" long. Bracts 6-10 mm tall.

COAST TARWEED (Madia sativa) Native Annual COTTON-BATTING PLANT (Pseudognaphalium COMMON GROUNDSEL (Senecio vulgaris) CALIFORNIA GOLDENROD (Solidago velutina - Sunflower Family - (May–Oct) - Grassy, open, stramineum) Native Annual - Sunflower Family - Naturalized Annual - Sunflower Family - subsp. californica) Native Perennial - Sunflower or disturbed sites - Plant 3.5-10 dm, hairy, all (Mar–Aug) - Many habitats, dunes, chaparral (Feb–Jul) - Common. Disturbed areas - Plant Family - (May–Nov) - Woodland margins, glandular. Leaf 0.8-7.1" long, 0.1-0.7" wide. Rays slopes, roadsides - Heads 0.16-0.2" long, female 4-24" tall, not hairy, w/1-10+ stems. Flower head grassland, disturbed soils - Stem 8-60" tall. Gen green-yellow, 8-13, 0.06-0.16" long. Head bracts flowers > 0.08" long, pappus bristles free. bracts with black-tips. Milky sap. densely short-soft-hairy. Flower cluster height 0.24-0.6" tall. 2-4x width. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Yellow Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 42

PRICKLY SOW THISTLE (Sonchus asper subsp. COMMON SOW THISTLE (Sonchus oleraceus) COMMON DANDELION (Taraxacum officinale) SILVERPUFFS (Uropappus lindleyi) Native asper) Naturalized Annual - Sunflower Family - Naturalized Annual - Sunflower Family - (All year) Naturalized Biennial-Perennial - Sunflower Family Annual - Sunflower Family - (Mar–May) - (All year) - Common. Slightly moist disturbed - Abundant. Disturbed places - Plant 4-55" tall. - (All year) - Abundant. Esp disturbed areas - Common. Open grassland, woodland, chaparral, sites, along streams - Plant 4-48". Leaf teeth Leaf teeth soft to touch. Basal lobes of upper Stem hollow. Leaves bright green with sharp deserts, gen in loose soils - Heads pale yellow, prickly. Basal lobes of upper leaves rounded, leaves sharply pointed, straight to curving down-pointing lobes. Outer head bracts reflexed. never nod. Outer head bracts always > 1/4 inner curving downward. upward. Fruit ~ brown. length. Pappus scale notched.

FALSE HAWKBIT (Urospermum picroides) NARROW-LEAVED MULE'S EARS (Wyethia SMOOTH MULE'S EARS (Wyethia glabra) GRAY MULE'S EARS (Wyethia helenioides) Naturalized Annual-Perennial - Sunflower Family angustifolia) Native Perennial - Sunflower Family Native Perennial - Sunflower Family - (Mar–Jun) - Native Perennial - Sunflower Family - - (Apr–Jul) - Uncommon. Disturbed places - Stem - (Apr–Aug) - Grassland - Plant 4-35" tall, Gen shady sites - Plant 4-16" tall, shiny green, no (Mar–May(Aug)) - Open grassland, woodland, 4-16"+ tall, long-hairy. Leaves clasping the stem. rough-hairy. Leaves narrow, veins all similar, woolly hairs. Leaf basal blades 10-18" long, scrub - Plant 8-28" tall, densely woolly, often Flowers yellow. Style base swollen as thick as base blades 4-20" long. Ray flowers 0.6-1.8" lance-shaped to oval, shiny. Ray flowers 1-2" becoming smooth. Some woolly hairs remain on the seed. long. long. leaf stalks and floral bracts. Revision: 3/7/2014 Herbaceous - Yellow Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 43

JOHNNY-JUMP-UP (Viola pedunculata) Native JIM BRUSH (Ceanothus oliganthus var. BLUE BLOSSOM (Ceanothus thyrsiflorus var. CHAPARRAL CURRANT (Ribes malvaceum var. Perennial - Violet Family - (Feb–Apr) - Open, sorediatus) Native Perennial - Buckthorn Family - thyrsiflorus) Native Perennial - Buckthorn Family - malvaceum) Native Perennial - Gooseberry grassy slopes, hillsides, chaparral, oak woodland, (Jan–May) - Slopes, ridges, chaparral, conifer (Mar–Jun) - Bluffs, slopes, canyons, chaparral, Family - (Oct–Apr) - Chaparral, oak woodland - gen full sun - Plant 2-15" tall. No basal leaves. forest - Shrub/tree < 11.5' tall. Twigs red-brown. coastal scrub, closed-cone-pine forest - Leaves Shrub < 6.6' tall, no prickles. Petals 0.08-0.12" Petals gold-yellow, lower 3 brown-veined, upper Leaves alternate, 3 main veins. Flowers blue, alternate, 3 main veins. Twigs angled, ridged long, pink to white. Styles hairy at base. 2 red-brown on back. purple-blue or whitish. lengthwise.

RED-FLOWERING CURRANT (Ribes HAIRY VINE HONEYSUCKLE (Lonicera SNOWBERRY (Symphoricarpos albus var. CREEPING SNOWBERRY (Symphoricarpos sanguineum var. glutinosum) Native Perennial - hispidula) Native Perennial - Honeysuckle Family laevigatus) Native Perennial - Honeysuckle mollis) Native Perennial - Honeysuckle Family - Gooseberry Family - (Feb–Apr) - Many habitats - - (May–Jun) - Canyons, streamsides, woodland - Family - (May–Jul) - Shady woodland, (Apr–May) - Ridges, slopes, open places in Shrub < 13' tall, no prickles. Sepals pink to white. Shrub sprawling-climbing, 6-10' long, short-hairy. streambanks, N. slopes - Shrub 20-71" tall. woodland - Shrub 6-24" tall, sprawling. Flowers < Petals white to red, ~0.1" long. Styles smooth. Flower cluster densely sticky. Flowers pink, Flowers > 8/cluster, pink, 0.16-0.24" long, 8/cluster, pink + often red outside, 0.16" long, 0.5-0.6" long, sticky-hairy. bell-shaped, swollen on 1 side. bell-shaped, symetrical. Revision: 3/7/2014 Woody - Blue/Pink/Purple Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 44

BLACK SAGE (Salvia mellifera) Native Perennial BLUE WITCH (Solanum umbelliferum) Native CALIFORNIA ROSE (Rosa californica) Native WOOD ROSE (Rosa gymnocarpa var. - Mint Family - (Mar–Jun) - Coastal-sage scrub, Perennial - Nightshade Family - (All year) - Perennial - Rose Family - (Feb–Nov) - Gen ± gymnocarpa) Native Perennial - Rose Family - lower chaparral - Shrub 3.3-6' tall. Leaf 1-2.8" Shrubland, mixed-evergreen forest, woodland - moist areas in sun, esp streambanks - Shrub ((Feb)Apr–Jul) - Common. Gen in shade of long, toothed, hairy underneath. Flowers blue, Plant gen < 39", upper stem hairs branched, 2.6-8.2' tall w/thick curved spines, forming forest, scrub - Shrub w/straight thorns. Flowers white or lavender, tube 0.2-0.4" long, in clusters dense. Flowers 0.6-1" wide, purple, with green thickets. Petals pink, 0.6-1" long; sepals unlobed. gen solitary, stalks sticky, fruit smooth, sepals 0.6-1.6" wide. spots at the base. deciduous.

WHITE ALDER (Alnus rhombifolia) Native CALIFORNIA HAZELNUT (Corylus cornuta CALIFORNIA COFFEE BERRY (Frangula REDWOOD (Sequoia sempervirens) Native Perennial - Birch Family - (Apr–Jun) - Along subsp. californica) Native Perennial - Birch californica subsp. californica) Native Perennial - Perennial - Cypress Family - - - Redwood forest - permanent streams - Tree. Leaves flat, not rusty Family - (Jan–Mar) - Common. Many habitats, Buckthorn Family - (May–Jul) - Coastal-sage Tree to 380' tall, evergreen. Leaves alternate: on underneath, margins serrate, not rolled under. esp moist, shady places - Shrub, small tree < 13' scrub, chaparral, forest, woodland - Shrub < 16' rapidly growing stems awl-like, < 0.3" long; others Female flowers cone-like. Wood used for tall. Leaf velvetry-hairy. Fruits 0.8-1.2" long in tall. Flowers greenish. Leaves smooth beneath. flat, 0.2-1" long. Seed cone 0.5-1.4" diam, woody. furniture and for smoking meats. papery bracts, 1-2/group. Revision: 3/7/2014 Woody - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 45

COAST LIVE OAK (Quercus agrifolia var. BLUE OAK (Quercus douglasii) Native Perennial VALLEY OAK (Quercus lobata) Native Perennial INTERIOR LIVE OAK (Quercus wislizeni var. agrifolia) Native Perennial - Oak Family - - Oak Family - (Apr–May) - Dry slopes, interior - Oak Family - (Mar–Apr) - Slopes, valleys, wislizeni) Native Perennial - Oak Family - (Mar–Apr) - Valleys, slopes, mixed-evergreen foothills, woodland - Tree 20-66', deciduous. Bark savanna - Tree < 115' tall, deciduous. Leaves (Mar–May) - Interior canyons, slopes, pine/oak forest, woodland - Tree 30-80'. Leaves convex, checkered into scales. Leaves 1.2-2.4" long, 2-5" long, not leathery, deeply lobed, lobes woodland - Tree < 75'. Leaf blades 0.8-2" long, hair-tuft below in vein axils. Acorns on 1st year bluish green, unlobed to shallowly lobed, lacking without bristles. Acorns 1.2-2" long, slender, cup hairless, flat. Acorns on 2nd year twigs, shell twigs, shell glabrous inside. bristles. 0.4-1.2" deep. woolly inside.

MONTEREY PINE (Pinus radiata) Native BIG-LEAF MAPLE (Acer macrophyllum) Native BOX ELDER (Acer negundo) Native Perennial - WESTERN POISON OAK (Toxicodendron Perennial - Pine Family - - - Closed-cone-pine Perennial - Soapberry Family - (Mar–Jun) - Soapberry Family - (Mar–Apr) - Streamsides, diversilobum) Native Perennial - Sumac Family - forest, oak woodland - Tree < 125' tall. Mature Common. Streambanks, canyons - Tree < 100'. bottomland. - Tree < 66' tall. Leaflets in 3s. Group (Apr–Jun) - Canyons, slopes, chaparral, coastal bark black, deep-grooved. Needles 3 per bundle, Leaves 5-lobed, 3-6" long, 4-10" wide. Group of of 10-250 hanging flowers appear with leaves. scrub, oak woodland - Shrub or vine. Leaflets 3, 2.4-5.9" long. Seed cone 2.4-6" long, asymmetric, 20-90 hanging flowers appear after leaves. Winged fruits. Widely planted ornamental. red in fall, mid leaflet stalked. Flowers green. opening 2nd year. Winged seeds. Fruits white. TOXIC. Revision: 3/7/2014 Woody - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 46

CALIFORNIA SAGEBRUSH (Artemisia N. CALIFORNIA BLACK WALNUT (Juglans FREMONT COTTONWOOD (Populus fremontii BLACK COTTONWOOD (Populus trichocarpa) californica) Native Perennial - Sunflower Family - hindsii) Native Perennial - Walnut Family - subsp. fremontii) Native Perennial - Willow Family Native Perennial - Willow Family - (Feb–Apr) - (Aug–Nov) - Coastal scrub, chaparral, open (Apr–May) - Along streams, disturbed slopes - - (Mar–Apr) - Scattered. Alluvial bottomland, Alluvial bottomland, streamsides - Tree < 100' woodland - Shrub 2-8.5' tall, rounded. Leaves Tree 20-75'. Leaflets 13-21, 3-5". Fruit 1.4-2" streamsides - Tree < 66' tall. Leaves tall. Leaves egg-shaped, finely-scalloped edge, 0.4-4", hairy, thread-like, lt green to gray. Flower wide. CNPS: SERIOUSLY ENDANGERED heart-shaped to triangular, coarsely scalloped, blade 1.2-2.8" long. heads < 5 mm wide. Sage-scented. (unplanted). blade 1.2-2.8" long.

WESTERN SYCAMORE (Platanus racemosa) WESTERN VIRGIN'S BOWER (Clematis HILLSIDE GOOSEBERRY (Ribes californicum STRAGGLE GOOSEBERRY (Ribes divaricatum Native Perennial - Sycamore Family - (Feb–Apr) - ligusticifolia) Native Perennial - Buttercup Family var. californicum) Native Perennial - Gooseberry var. pubiflorum) Native Perennial - Gooseberry Common. Streamsides, canyons, arroyos - Tree - (Jun–Sep) - Along streams, wet places - Family - (Feb–Mar) - Forest openings, woodland - Family - (Mar–May) - Uncommon. Coastal bluffs, 33-115' tall. Bark peeling pale. Leaf blades 4-10" Leaflets 5-15, irregularly lobed. Flowers many, in Shrub < 5' tall. Leaf blades 0.4-1.2" long, not forest edges - Shrub < 10' tall. Petals 0.04-0.08" long, palmately lobed, smooth to hairy above, fall. Sepals white to cream, 0.2-0.24" long. sticky. Sepals greenish, petals 0.12" long, white. long, white. Styles 0.2-0.3" long, hairy at base. short-woolly under. Bracts purplish. Revision: 3/7/2014 Woody - White Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 47

CANYON GOOSEBERRY (Ribes menziesii var. PACIFIC MADRONE (Arbutus menziesii) Native BRITTLE-LEAF MANZANITA (Arctostaphylos BLUE ELDERBERRY (Sambucus nigra subsp. menziesii) Native Perennial - Gooseberry Family Perennial - Heath Family - (Mar–May) - Conifer, crustacea subsp. crustacea) Native Perennial - caerulea) Native Perennial - Muskroot Family - - (Feb–Apr) - Common. Forest openings, oak forests - Tree < 130' tall, evergreen, peeling Heath Family - (Feb–Apr) - Chaparral, conifer (Mar–Sep) - Common. Streambanks, open chaparral - Shrub < 10', prickly. Leaves sticky red bark. Leaf blades < 5" long. Flowers forest - Twigs bristly, leaf stalk 0.1-0.2", upper places in forest - Shrub 7-26' tall. Flower cluster below. Styles glabrous, anthers exserted, sepals yellow-white or pink, < 3.1" long. Berries red, < leaf surface shiny. flat-topped, 1.6-13" diam, petals spreading. Fruits purplish. 0.5" diam, round. waxy blue-black.

RIVER RED GUM (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) BLUE GUM (Eucalyptus globulus) Naturalized SILVERLEAF COTONEASTER (Cotoneaster CHRISTMAS BERRY / TOYON (Heteromeles Naturalized Perennial - Myrtle Family - (Apr–Jul) - Perennial - Myrtle Family - (Oct–Jan) - Common. pannosus) Naturalized Perennial - Rose Family - arbutifolia) Native Perennial - Rose Family - Common. Disturbed areas - Tree to 80' tall. Disturbed areas - Tree < 200' tall. Flowers single, (May–Jul) - Disturbed places, mixed-evergreen ((May)Jun–Aug) - Chaparral, oak woodland, Leaves 2-8" long, 0.6-1" wide. Flowers 5-10 in large, gen stemless. Leaves 4-12" long, 1-1.6" forest - Leaves 0.8-1.4" long, pointed tip, smooth mixed-evergreen forest - Shrub-tree < 33' tall, simple umbel, small, white; bud cap <0.25". wide; used medicinally by Aboriginals. INVASIVE above. Petals white, spreading. Fruit red. evergreen. Leaf 2-4" long. Petals white, < 0.16" INVASIVE. weed. INVASIVE weed. long. Fruit bright red. Revision: 3/7/2014 Woody - White Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 48

OCEANSPRAY (Holodiscus discolor var. OSO BERRY (Oemleria cerasiformis) Native PACIFIC NINEBARK (Physocarpus capitatus) BITTER CHERRY (Prunus emarginata) Native discolor) Native Perennial - Rose Family - Perennial - Rose Family - (Feb–Apr) - Chaparral, Native Perennial - Rose Family - (May–Jul) - Perennial - Rose Family - (Apr–Jun) - Rocky (May–Aug) - Moist woodland edges, rocky slopes canyons, streambanks, lowland wet to dry open Moist banks, n-facing slopes, mixed-conifer forest slopes, canyons, chaparral, mixed-evergreen, - Shrub 5-20' tall. Leaf blade 0.6-3.1" long, woodland, coast to shaded conifer forest - Shrub - Shrub 3.3-8'. Leaf blades gen < 4" wide, 3-5 conifer forest - Shrub/tree < 50'. Leaf: stem toothed at end. Flower cluster 0.8-10" long. 3-20'. Leaf 2-5" long. Flower cluster 1.2-4". Petals lobed. Petals white, ~0.1" long. Fruits reddish, 0.1-0.5", blade 0.6-2.4" long. Petals white, Petals white, ~0.07" long. white, 0.12-0.24". 0.3-0.4" long. 0.12-0.3" long. Fruit red to purple.

HIMALAYAN BLACKBERRY (Rubus THIMBLEBERRY (Rubus parviflorus) Native CALIFORNIA BLACKBERRY (Rubus ursinus) WESTERN HOP TREE (Ptelea crenulata) Native armeniacus) Naturalized Perennial - Rose Family Perennial - Rose Family - (Mar–Aug) - Common; Native Perennial - Rose Family - (Mar–Jul) - Perennial - Rue Family - (Apr–May) - Scrub, - (Mar–Jun) - Common. Disturbed areas, moist semi-shaded areas, esp edges of Open, disturbed areas - Stem round, woodland - Shrub/tree < 16' tall. Leaflets 3, roadsides - Shrub w/thorny 5-angled stem. woodland - Shrub 0.5-2 m tall, not prickly. Petals bristly/prickly. Leaves simple to 3 leaflets, 0.8-2.8" long, citrus odor when crushed. Petals Leaflets 3-5, white-hairy beneath. Blackberry-type 0.5-0.9" long, white. Leaves simple, 3-5 lobed. underside green. Plants unisexual. Petals green-white, 0.16-0.2" long, fragrant. Fruits 1-2 fruit. INVASIVE. Raspberry-type fruit. 0.24-0.6" long, white. Blackberry-type fruit. cm long. Revision: 3/7/2014 Woody - White Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 49

CALIFORNIA BUCKEYE (Aesculus californica) PEPPER TREE (Schinus molle) Naturalized COYOTE BRUSH (Baccharis pilularis subsp. SHINYLEAF OREGON-GRAPE (Berberis pinnata Native Perennial - Soapberry Family - (May–Jun) Perennial - Sumac Family - (Jun–Aug) - Washes, consanguinea) Native Perennial - Sunflower subsp. pinnata) Native Perennial - Barberry - Dry slopes, canyons, borders of streams - Large slopes, abandoned fields - Tree 16-60' tall. Family - (Jul–Dec) - Coastal bluffs, woodland, Family - (Feb–May) - Rocky slopes, conifer shrub or tree 13-39' tall. 5-7 leaflets. Flowers Flowers white to yellow. Leaves compound, grassland, disturbed sites, occ on serpentine - forest, oak woodland, chaparral - Shrub gen < 7'. white to pale rose. Large seeds toxic but edible leaflets stemless. Fruits pink to red, 0.2-0.3" Shrub < 15' tall, brittle, common. Leaves gen Leaflets w/15-23 spiny teeth, spines < 0.1" long. after leaching out saponins. diam. 0.6-1.6" long. Flowers yellow.

HOLLYLEAF REDBERRY (Rhamnus ilicifolia) WESTERN LEATHERWOOD (Dirca occidentalis) CALIFORNIA BAY (Umbellularia californica) BUSH MONKEYFLOWER (Mimulus aurantiacus Native Perennial - Buckthorn Family - (Mar–Jun) - Native Perennial - Daphne Family - (Nov–Mar) - Native Perennial - Laurel Family - (Nov–May) - var. aurantiacus) Native Perennial - Lopseed Chaparral, montane forest - Shrub < 13' tall, Gen n facing slopes, mixed-evergreen forest to Common. Canyons, valleys, chaparral - Tree < Family - (Mar–Jun) - Disturbed areas, coastal evergreen w/stiff branches. Leaf blades 0.8-1.6" chaparral, gen fog belt - Shrub 3-10'. Flowers 150' tall. Leaf 1.2-4", 0.6-1.2" wide, aromatic. cliffs, canyon sides - Shrub 4-60". Flowers yellow, long, toothed. Fruits 0.2-0.3" wide, red. yellow, 1-4 per group, open before/with leaves. Cluster of 5-10 small, yellow or yellow-green orange or red; 1-2.3" long; bract tube glabrous. CNPS: Fairly ENDANGERED. flowers. Fruit 0.8-1" diam. Revision: 3/7/2014 Woody - Yellow Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 50

BLACKWOOD ACACIA (Acacia melanoxylon) SCOTCH BROOM (Cytisus scoparius) FRENCH BROOM (Genista monspessulana) SPANISH BROOM (Spartium junceum) Naturalized Perennial - Pea Family - (Feb-Mar) - Naturalized Perennial - Pea Family - (Apr–Jul) - Naturalized Perennial - Pea Family - (Mar–Jun) - Naturalized Perennial - Pea Family - (Apr–Jun) - Uncommon. Disturbed areas - Tree < 100' tall. Common. Disturbed places - Shrub 6.6-8' tall, Common. Disturbed places. - Shrub < 10' tall, Disturbed areas - Shrub, < 10' tall, gen leafless. Leaves simple, 0.2-1.2" wide, 3-5 main veins. deciduous. Stems sharply 5-angled, new twigs evergreen. Stems 8-10 ridged, leafy. Flowers Leaves simple, very sparse. Flowers yellow, Flowers pale yellow, 2-8 per head. INVASIVE hairy. Flowers yellow, 1-2 at leaf bases, 0.6-0.8" yellow, 4-10 at branch tips, banner 0.4-0.6" long. several at stem tips, 0.8-1.2" long. Fruits 2-4" weed. long. NOXIOUS. NOXIOUS. long. INVASIVE weed.

BIRCH-LEAF MOUNTAIN-MAHOGANY GOLDEN-YARROW (Eriophyllum confertiflorum CALIFORNIA MATCHWEED (Gutierrezia HINDS' WILLOW (Salix exigua var. hindsiana) (Cercocarpus betuloides var. betuloides) Native var. confertiflorum) Native Perennial - Sunflower californica) Native Perennial - Sunflower Family - Native Perennial - Willow Family - (Apr–May) - Perennial - Rose Family - (Mar–May) - Dry, rocky Family - (Apr–Aug) - Many dry habitats - (Jul–Nov) - Grassland, arid woodland and Common. Floodplains, sandy gravel - Shrub or slopes, chaparral - Shrub 3-10'. Leaf 0.4-1" long, Shrubby, 8-28" tall. Leaves 0.4-2" long, deeply shrubland, serpentine - Stem 8-40" long, woody tree < 17' tall. Leaf blades 1.2-6" long, linear, end toothed. Flower 0.16-0.3" wide. Hairy fruit 3-5 lobed. Flowers yellow; rays 4-6, 0.08-0.2" base. Leaf narrow, flat, <= 2" long. Ray flowers mature dense soft-hairy below. Ovary hairy. styles 2-3.5" long. long; head bracts 4-7. 4-13, 0.1-0.3" long. Revision: 3/7/2014 Woody - Yellow Wild Plants of Anthony / Lake Chabot Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 51

RED WILLOW (Salix laevigata) Native Perennial ARROYO WILLOW (Salix lasiolepis) Native - Willow Family - (Dec–Jun) - Common. Perennial - Willow Family - (Jan–Jun) - Common. Riverbanks, seepage areas, lakeshores, canyons Shores, marshes, meadows, etc - Shrub-tree, - Tree bark fissured. Leaf lanceolate, glaucous bark smooth. Leaf-like stipules. Leaf egg-shaped, below, gen w/stalk glands. Stamens 5. Fruit waxy below. Fruit smooth, bract persistent, dark, glabrous. stamens 2. Decimal Inches

.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1 .5 2 .5 3 .5 4 .5 5 .5 6 .5 7 .5 8 .5 9

1/8 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 1/2 2 1/2 3 1/2 4 1/2 5 1/2 6 1/2 7 1/2 8 1/2 9 English Inches

Notes: