Augmentative Biological Control Using Parasitoids for Fruit Fly Management in Brazil
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Thomas Lewinsohn with Paulo Inácio Prado USP Mário Almeida Neto UFG Adriana Almeida UFRN Leonardo Ré Jorge Unicamp ______Laboratório Interações Insetos-Plantas Depto
Phytophagous insects on flower heads of Neotropical Compositae Thomas Lewinsohn with Paulo Inácio Prado USP Mário Almeida Neto UFG Adriana Almeida UFRN Leonardo Ré Jorge Unicamp _________________________ Laboratório Interações Insetos-Plantas Depto. Biologia Animal, Inst. Biologia Unicamp – University of Campinas herbivores+plants: the multicellular majority Terry Erwin, 1982: “... as many as 30 million insects” Terry Erwin who’s who among the herbivorous insects beetles moths, butterflies flies, midges sawflies bugs, aphids grasshoppers thrips walking sticks data sources: taxonomic studies taxonomy based on adults - what do larvae do? no host records unreliable host identification data sources: biocontrol surveys Carduus nutans with Rhynocyllus conicus (Curculionidae) data sources: community diversity studies • Plant samples (plots, individual trees) and • insect mass samples (net sweep, suction samples, fogging, light traps) Murdoch, Evans & Peterson 1972 adult insects on plants: herbivores or tourists? Insects and Compositae as ecological study systems A model system for herbivore evolution Solidago – Eurosta – parasitoids/predators A model system for population dynamics ragwort, Senecio jacobaea - cinnabar moth, Tyria jacobaeae Longitarsus Chromatomyia Melanagromyza metacommunity dynamics a field experiment From biocontrol surveys to ecological insights Biocontrol prospecting in South America Baccharis Daniel Gandolfo Gutierrezia Chromolaena odorata > Campuloclinium macrocephalum basic study design a suitable plant-herbivore system -
Alien Dominance of the Parasitoid Wasp Community Along an Elevation Gradient on Hawai’I Island
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln USGS Staff -- Published Research US Geological Survey 2008 Alien dominance of the parasitoid wasp community along an elevation gradient on Hawai’i Island Robert W. Peck U.S. Geological Survey, [email protected] Paul C. Banko U.S. Geological Survey Marla Schwarzfeld U.S. Geological Survey Melody Euaparadorn U.S. Geological Survey Kevin W. Brinck U.S. Geological Survey Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usgsstaffpub Peck, Robert W.; Banko, Paul C.; Schwarzfeld, Marla; Euaparadorn, Melody; and Brinck, Kevin W., "Alien dominance of the parasitoid wasp community along an elevation gradient on Hawai’i Island" (2008). USGS Staff -- Published Research. 652. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usgsstaffpub/652 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the US Geological Survey at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in USGS Staff -- Published Research by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Biol Invasions (2008) 10:1441–1455 DOI 10.1007/s10530-008-9218-1 ORIGINAL PAPER Alien dominance of the parasitoid wasp community along an elevation gradient on Hawai’i Island Robert W. Peck Æ Paul C. Banko Æ Marla Schwarzfeld Æ Melody Euaparadorn Æ Kevin W. Brinck Received: 7 December 2007 / Accepted: 21 January 2008 / Published online: 6 February 2008 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 Abstract Through intentional and accidental increased with increasing elevation, with all three introduction, more than 100 species of alien Ichneu- elevations differing significantly from each other. monidae and Braconidae (Hymenoptera) have Nine species purposely introduced to control pest become established in the Hawaiian Islands. -
Superfamilies Tephritoidea and Sciomyzoidea (Dip- Tera: Brachycera) Kaj Winqvist & Jere Kahanpää
20 © Sahlbergia Vol. 12: 20–32, 2007 Checklist of Finnish flies: superfamilies Tephritoidea and Sciomyzoidea (Dip- tera: Brachycera) Kaj Winqvist & Jere Kahanpää Winqvist, K. & Kahanpää, J. 2007: Checklist of Finnish flies: superfamilies Tephritoidea and Sciomyzoidea (Diptera: Brachycera). — Sahlbergia 12:20-32, Helsinki, Finland, ISSN 1237-3273. Another part of the updated checklist of Finnish flies is presented. This part covers the families Lonchaeidae, Pallopteridae, Piophilidae, Platystomatidae, Tephritidae, Ulididae, Coelopidae, Dryomyzidae, Heterocheilidae, Phaeomyii- dae, Sciomyzidae and Sepsidae. Eight species are recorded from Finland for the first time. The following ten species have been erroneously reported from Finland and are here deleted from the Finnish checklist: Chaetolonchaea das- yops (Meigen, 1826), Earomyia crystallophila (Becker, 1895), Lonchaea hirti- ceps Zetterstedt, 1837, Lonchaea laticornis Meigen, 1826, Prochyliza lundbecki (Duda, 1924), Campiglossa achyrophori (Loew, 1869), Campiglossa irrorata (Fallén, 1814), Campiglossa tessellata (Loew, 1844), Dioxyna sororcula (Wie- demann, 1830) and Tephritis nigricauda (Loew, 1856). The Finnish records of Lonchaeidae: Lonchaea bruggeri Morge, Lonchaea contigua Collin, Lonchaea difficilis Hackman and Piophilidae: Allopiophila dudai (Frey) are considered dubious. The total number of species of Tephritoidea and Sciomyzoidea found from Finland is now 262. Kaj Winqvist, Zoological Museum, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland. Email: [email protected] Jere Kahanpää, Finnish Environment Institute, P.O. Box 140, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland. Email: kahanpaa@iki.fi Introduction new millennium there was no concentrated The last complete checklist of Finnish Dipte- Finnish effort to study just these particular ra was published in Hackman (1980a, 1980b). groups. Consequently, before our work the Recent checklists of Finnish species have level of knowledge on Finnish fauna in these been published for ‘lower Brachycera’ i.e. -
Subfamily Gnamptodontinae
SUBFAMILY GNAMPTODONTINAE M. J. SHARKEY1, R. A. WHARTON2 1. Hymenoptera Institute, 116 Franklin Ave., Redlands, California, USA, [email protected]. 2. Retired, formerly at Texas A&M University. INTRODUCTION. The subfamily Gnamptodontinae was established by van Achterberg (1983a) to accommodate a small group of species variously placed with the Opiinae, the Rogadinae (in the broad sense), or the Exothecinae (Marsh, 1979).There are three New World genera including Exodontiella Wharton, 1978 which was included in the Opiinae chapter in the last version of the Manual of New World Genera (Wharton et al., 1997). Two exclusively Old World genera, Gnaptogaster Tobias, 1976 and Neognamptodon Belokobylskij, 1999 are also included in the subfamily. The use of the names Gnamptodon Haliday and Gnamptodontinae (rather than the widely used Gnaptodon and Gnaptodontinae) is based on Opinion 1424 (1987) of the Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Van Achterberg (1983a), following Fischer (1972, 1977, 1981) provisionally included Liparophleps Enderlein (= Plesademon Fischer) in the Gnamptodontinae. However, Wharton (1997) confirmed the sexually dimorphic nature of the wing vein pattern, and concurred with Marsh (1976) that Liparophleps is a synonym of Semirhytus Szépligeti and belongs in Doryctinae. PHYLOGENY. The presence of Hagen's glands suggested a relationship to opiines (Buckingham and Sharkey, 1988), but gnamptodontines parasitize leaf-mining lepidopterans rather than cyclorrhaphous Diptera. Zaldívar-Riverón et al. (2006) recovered Gnamptodontinae in a clade consisting of Telengaiinae, Exothecinae, Alysiinae, Opiinae, and Braconinae in most analyses, with Gnamptodontinae and Telengaiinae resolved as sister taxa. Wharton et al. (2006) found Gnamptodontinae sister to either Braconinae or a clade consisting of Alysiinae, Opiinae, and Exothecinae. -
Taxonomic Studies on the Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) Fauna of the Turkish Central Part of Eastern Anatolia Region (Bingöl, Bitlis, Muş and Van)
Original research Taxonomic studies on the Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) fauna of the Turkish central part of Eastern Anatolia Region (Bingöl, Bitlis, Muş and Van) Ahmet BEYARSLAN Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Bitlis Eren University, Turkey e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: In order to determine Opiinae fauna of Turkey, adult specimens of Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) are collected from different habitats of Bingöl, Bitlis, Muş and Van using Malaise and light traps and sweeping nets between 2016 and 2017. The collected materials are prepared and labeled. In addition, relevant literature and comparison materials available in our collection are used for taxonomical examiation of the obtained material. The altitudes and coordinates of localities and collection dates are presented. A total of 24 species in 4 genera and 12 subgenera are determined. From these species Opius (Merotrachys) podomelas Fischer, 1972 is firstly record in the fauna of Turkey. Keywords: Agromyzidae, Podomelas, Parasitoid, malasie, Braconidae, Yu, Tobias Citing: Beyarslan, A. 2020. Taxonomic studies on the Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) fauna of the Turkish central part of Eastern Anatolia Region (Bingöl, Bitlis, Muş and Van). Acta Biologica Turcica, 33(1): 1-7. Introductıon forewing and usually lacking the recurrent vein on the The taxonomy of the parasitic Hymenoptera is perhaps the hind wing. The pterostigma is often thin and long (cuneate least known member of a large group of insects; until or linear), the radial cell usually reaches the wing apex, recently, Braconidae have received less attention than and the second radiomedial cell is usually long. In many many other groups of Parasitica. -
New Species and Phylogenetic Analysis of Cryptodacus, Haywardina, and Rhagoletotrypeta (Di Ptera: Tephritidae)
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Insecta Mundi Florida March 1994 New species and phylogenetic analysis of Cryptodacus, Haywardina, and Rhagoletotrypeta (Di ptera: Tephritidae) Allen L. Norrbom National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C. Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi Part of the Entomology Commons Norrbom, Allen L., "New species and phylogenetic analysis of Cryptodacus, Haywardina, and Rhagoletotrypeta (Di ptera: Tephritidae)" (1994). Insecta Mundi. 288. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/288 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Vol. 8. No. 1 - 2. March - June. 1994 37 New species and phylogenetic analysis of Cryptodacus, Haywardina, and Rhagoletotrypeta (Diptera: Tephritidae) Allen L. Norrbom Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA, ARS, PSI, C/O National Museum of Natural History, NHB 168 Washington, D.C. 20560, U.S.A. Abstract The genera Cryptodacus, Haywardina, and Rhagoletotrypeta are revised, and the cladistic relationships among their species are analyzed. Cryptoplagia Acz6l is synonymized with Haywardina, and Lezca Foote with Cryptodacus. Twenty-one species, including ten new species, are recognized. Keys, diagnoses, and illustrations to identify them are presented. Solanum trichoneuron is reported as a host plant of H. cuculi, and Celtis iguanaea as a host of R. pastranai. Resumen Se hace una revisi6n de 10s g6neros Cryptodacus, Haywardina, y Rhagoletotrypeta, y se analizan las relaciones filogenbticas entre sus especies. -
Hymenoptera, Braconidae) of Finland, Part 2
@EntomoldgicaFennica. 15 October 1999 o A survey of Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) of Finland, part 2 Maximilian Fischer & Martti Koponen Fischer, M. & Koponen, M. 1999: A survey of Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) of Finland, part 2. - Entomol. Fennica 10: 129-160. Faunistic records of 150 species of Opiinae are given mainly for Finland. 78 species are reported as new to Finland. The gross distributions and known hosts are mentioned. Psyttalia cariiiata (Thomson), Biosteres (Chilotrichia) bicolor (Wesmael) and B. (C.) sylvaticiis (Haliday) are deleted from the fauna of Fin- land. Paraphytomyza similis (Brischke) is a new host for Opiiis (Odontopoea) connivens Thomson, and Eziphranta connexa (Fabricius) (Diptera, Tphritidae) for Psyttalia concolor (Szépligeti). Maximilian Fischel; Natural History MLrseum Vienna, 2. Zoological Department, Biirgring 7, A-1014 .Eenna, Airstria Martti Koponen, Department ofApplied Zoology, ?? O. Box 27, FIN-O0014 Uni- versiíy of Helsinki . Received 1 Febrcrary 1998, accepted 2 Jdy 1999 Subgenus Odontopoea Fischer Host. in Finland reared from Diptera, Agro- myzidae: Paraphytomyza similis (Briscke) by E. Odontopoea Fischer, 1986: 610. Type species Thuneberg (new host). Opizrs epcilatirs Papp. Marerial examinen. 1d and 2 P from Finland (DAZH, MZH), N: Vantaa, 22.9.1979 (M. Koponen); Sa: Joutseno (E. Thuneberg); Obb: Ranua, 19.7.1980 (M. Koponen leg.), and Opius (Odontopoea) connivens Thomson 1 0 from Estonia, Laanemaa: Puhtu, 29.5.1990 (M. Kopo- nen leg.). Opiirs (Nosopaeus) connivens Thomson, 1895: 2190,?. Opius (Odontopoea) eprilatiis Pupp Opiirs coiznivens; Fischer 1959g: 70; 197 1a: 56. Opiiis (Nosopoea) connivetis; Fischer 1972: 292 Opiirs eprilatcrs Papp, 19SOa: 50, 53. 55; 1981b: (key), 306 (redescription); Papp 1979: 75. 261, C. -
Knowledge Gaps, Training Needs and Bio-Ecological Studies on Fruit-Infesting Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Northern Ghana
University of Ghana http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh KNOWLEDGE GAPS, TRAINING NEEDS AND BIO-ECOLOGICAL STUDIES ON FRUIT-INFESTING FLIES (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) IN NORTHERN GHANA BY BADII KONGYELI BENJAMIN MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY IN ENTOMOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF GHANA, LEGON, GHANA THIS THESIS IS SUBMITTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF GHANA, LEGON IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY CROP SCIENCE (ENTOMOLOGY) DEGREE JULY, 2014 University of Ghana http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh DECLARATION I hereby declare that this thesis is the result of my own original research, and that it has neither in whole nor in part been presented for a degree elsewhere. Works of others which served as sources of information have been duly acknowledged by reference to the authors. Candidate ………………………… Badii Kongyeli Benjamin Principal Supervisor …………………. Co-supervisor ………………….. Prof. Daniel Obeng-Ofori Prof. Kwame Afreh-Nuamah Co-supervisor …………………… Dr. Maxwell Kevin Billah University of Ghana http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis could not have been accomplished without the guidance of my dear supervisors and academic mentors. My supervisors (Prof. Daniel Obeng-Ofori, Prof. Kwame Afreh-Nuamah and Dr. Maxwell K. Billah) offered me the needed encouragement, support and guidance throughout the study. Also, Prof. Gebriel A. Teye (Pro-Vice Chancellor), Prof. George Nyarko (Dean, Faculty of Agriculture), Dr. Elias N. K. Sowley (Director, Academic Quality Assurance Directorate) and Dr. Isaac K. Addai (Head, Department of Agronomy) all of the University for Development Studies (UDS) approved of my leave of study, supported and encouraged me throughout my study. The Head of Department (Mrs. Dr C. -
Phylogeny and Geological History of the Cynipoid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea) Zhiwei Liu Eastern Illinois University, [email protected]
Eastern Illinois University The Keep Faculty Research & Creative Activity Biological Sciences January 2007 Phylogeny and Geological History of the Cynipoid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea) Zhiwei Liu Eastern Illinois University, [email protected] Michael S. Engel University of Kansas, Lawrence David A. Grimaldi American Museum of Natural History Follow this and additional works at: http://thekeep.eiu.edu/bio_fac Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Liu, Zhiwei; Engel, Michael S.; and Grimaldi, David A., "Phylogeny and Geological History of the Cynipoid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea)" (2007). Faculty Research & Creative Activity. 197. http://thekeep.eiu.edu/bio_fac/197 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Research & Creative Activity by an authorized administrator of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10024 Number 3583, 48 pp., 27 figures, 4 tables September 6, 2007 Phylogeny and Geological History of the Cynipoid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea) ZHIWEI LIU,1 MICHAEL S. ENGEL,2 AND DAVID A. GRIMALDI3 CONTENTS Abstract . ........................................................... 1 Introduction . ....................................................... 2 Systematic Paleontology . ............................................... 3 Superfamily Cynipoidea Latreille . ....................................... 3 -
Diptera: Tephritidae) Research in Latin America: Myths, Realities and Dreams
Dezembro, 1999 An. Soc. Entomol. Brasil 28(4) 565 FORUM Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Research in Latin America: Myths, Realities and Dreams MARTÍN ALUJA Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Apartado Postal 63, C.P. 91000, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico This article is dedicated to J.S. Morgante, R.A. Zucchi, A. Malavasi, F.S. Zucoloto, A.S. Nascimento, S. Bressan, L.A.B. Salles, and A. Kovaleski who have greatly contributed to our knowledge on fruit flies and their parasitoids in Latin America An. Soc. Entomol. Brasil 28(4): 565-594 (1999) A Pesquisa com Moscas-das-Frutas (Diptera: Tephritidae) na América Latina: Mitos, Realidade e Perspectivas RESUMO – Apresento uma avaliação crítica da pesquisa com moscas-das-frutas na América Latina baseada na noção de que muitos mitos e mal-entendidos são transmitidos a estudantes, jovens pesquisadores ou administrações oficiais. Pondero que depois de um esclarecedor início de século, durante o qual muitas descobertas significativas foram feitas sobre a história natural desses insetos, pouco progresso tem sido observado em muitas áreas de pesquisas e manejo de moscas-das-frutas na América Latina durante os últimos 50 anos. Isso tem sido causado em parte pela escassez de estudos sob condições naturais, bem com pela abordagem reducionista utilizada no estudo desses insetos maravilhosos, considerando as espécies individualmente, ou apenas as espécies-praga. Para interromper esse círculo vicioso, proponho que demos mais atenção à história natural das espécies, independente de sua importância econômica, ampliemos o escopo e o período de tempo de nossos estudos, fortaleçamos os fundamentos teóricos e ecológicos das pesquisas com moscas-das-frutas na América Latina e enfatizemos o enfoque comparativo sempre que possível. -
Flies) Benjamin Kongyeli Badii
Chapter Phylogeny and Functional Morphology of Diptera (Flies) Benjamin Kongyeli Badii Abstract The order Diptera includes all true flies. Members of this order are the most ecologically diverse and probably have a greater economic impact on humans than any other group of insects. The application of explicit methods of phylogenetic and morphological analysis has revealed weaknesses in the traditional classification of dipteran insects, but little progress has been made to achieve a robust, stable clas- sification that reflects evolutionary relationships and morphological adaptations for a more precise understanding of their developmental biology and behavioral ecol- ogy. The current status of Diptera phylogenetics is reviewed in this chapter. Also, key aspects of the morphology of the different life stages of the flies, particularly characters useful for taxonomic purposes and for an understanding of the group’s biology have been described with an emphasis on newer contributions and progress in understanding this important group of insects. Keywords: Tephritoidea, Diptera flies, Nematocera, Brachycera metamorphosis, larva 1. Introduction Phylogeny refers to the evolutionary history of a taxonomic group of organisms. Phylogeny is essential in understanding the biodiversity, genetics, evolution, and ecology among groups of organisms [1, 2]. Functional morphology involves the study of the relationships between the structure of an organism and the function of the various parts of an organism. The old adage “form follows function” is a guiding principle of functional morphology. It helps in understanding the ways in which body structures can be used to produce a wide variety of different behaviors, including moving, feeding, fighting, and reproducing. It thus, integrates concepts from physiology, evolution, anatomy and development, and synthesizes the diverse ways that biological and physical factors interact in the lives of organisms [3]. -
Biocontrol Characteristics of the Fruit Fly Pupal Parasitoid Trichopria Drosophilae (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) Emerging from Diff
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Biocontrol characteristics of the fruit fy pupal parasitoid Trichopria drosophilae (Hymenoptera: Received: 17 April 2018 Accepted: 20 August 2018 Diapriidae) emerging from diferent Published: xx xx xxxx hosts Jiani Chen1,2, Sicong Zhou1,2, Ying Wang1,2, Min Shi1,2, Xuexin Chen1,2,3 & Jianhua Huang 1,2 Trichopria drosophilae (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) is an important pupal endoparasitoid of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) and some other fruit fy species, such as D. suzukii, a very important invasive and economic pest. Studies of T. drosophilae suggest that this could be a good biological control agent for fruit fy pests. In this research, we compared the parasitic characteristics of T. drosophilae reared in D. melanogaster (TDm) with those reared in D. hydei (TDh). TDh had a larger size than TDm. The number of maximum mature eggs of a female TDh was 133.6 ± 6.9, compared with the signifcantly lower value of 104.8 ± 11.4 for TDm. Mated TDh female wasp continuously produced female ofspring up to 6 days after mating, compared with only 3 days for TDm. In addition, the ofspring female ratio of TDh, i.e., 82.32%, was signifcantly higher than that of TDm, i.e., 61.37%. Under starvation m treatment, TDh survived longer than TDm. TDh also survived longer than TD at high temperatures, such as 37 °C, although they both survived well at low temperatures, such as 18 °C and 4 °C. Old-age TDh females maintained a high parasitism rate and ofspring female ratio, while they were declined in old-age TDm.