Chapter 1 USPS HISTORY
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USPS OPERATIONS MANUAL Page 1-1 Chapter 1 USPS HISTORY Seldom does the complete story of an organi- which they and professional sea captains and sea- zation’s founding survive the passage of time. We men had bestowed on their owners. grope for much of the information and the gaps which remain in the minutes; manuals and maga- How long the idea fermented for a club-within- zines have to be filled with assumptions and mem- a-club to embrace a select group of “gasoliners” ories of early associates. But this much is certain, who would develop such forms of cruising and rac- in the list of founding fathers the name of Roger ing as the new types of yachts would allow, we will Upton of Boston and Marblehead, Massachusetts, never know, but in the summer of 1911 Upton stands pre-eminently. It was the projection of his spread his thoughts before a small group of col- thoughts, spirit and a reflection of his enthusiasm leagues. With acceptance of his ideas, Upton was that would reach beyond the limits of any dream: a elected rear commodore of the Boston Yacht Club national organization to be known as United States in 1912 and was placed in charge of the unofficial Power Squadrons. But to begin, we must go back power boat division of the fleet. A self-taught navi- in time to the world of boating at the turn of the gator and stickler for doing things right, he soon century. kept the division’s 36 members busy with studies, cruises, races and drills modeled after U.S. Naval Recreational boating in the early 1900s was maneuvers. To quote from one of his articles, “To largely confined to sailing craft and a sparse num- my mind the organization can be of use to yachts- ber of larger steam yachts generally manned by men for three major reasons: first, improvement in professional crews. Commercial ships of the day navigating ability of power-boat owners; second, were all steam-driven, steam propulsion became promotion of acquaintance and social intercourse king by the close of the twentieth century. Sailing by the power-boat owners; third, the fitting of schooners were fast becoming relics of a bygone power-boat owners to be of possible use to the era while internal combustion engine, gasoline- Navy in time of war so that they might be received driven crafts were coming into their own but with as volunteers should they so desire.” little enthusiasm on the part of out-and-out sailors. Yacht clubs taught and promoted the spirit of sail- The social side of the organization included ing, and as motor driven yachts joined their fleets monthly dinners at which ship and tow captains, there were few activities for them. Yachting was marine inspectors and other prominent persons still for the sailors, and the new breed of powerboat were guest speakers. From these activities grew men found scant fun on club cruises and almost confidence in and a change of attitude toward the none in racing. new breed of yachtsmen. Their quest for recogni- tion was unintentionally improved during the sum- Laws of the United States governing naviga- mer of 1912 when twenty vessels from the Boston tion applied only to steam vessels. Governed by a Yacht Club power boat division were invited to board of steamboat inspectors, crusty, old, sea- accompany the sailing yachts on their annual cruise going men, these inspectors had little use whatso- to Portland, Maine. The power boats cruised in ever for the small internal combustion engine squadron formation with an elaborate system of yachts. It was their fervent hope to gain control maneuvers executed by means of flag signals. Dur- over these boats by placing them under the very ing the cruise, a screeching nor’wester blew, and same rules which governed ocean liners and other many of the sailing yachts were dismasted or other- steam-powered vessels. Through education, the wise disabled. It was then that the worth of the founders of USPS set out to protect power yachts power yachts was quickly established as they sped from these steamboat inspectors and to forever under Upton’s command to the rescue by towing remove the stigma of ignorance and foolhardiness all disabled craft safely to port. No losses were 2013.3 Page 1-2 USPS OPERATIONS MANUAL reported. To quote the September 1912 issue of ready for nation-wide action. Accordingly, a sec- Motor Boating Magazine, which dramatized the ond conference was called where final work was rescue with a six-page photo story, “The fellows of accomplished. the Powerboat Division provided meritorious ser- vice and emerged from the ordeal crowned with How quietly great movements start, destined in glory.” time to reach beyond the limits of one’s dreams. How quietly, like the first slow stirring of a ship It was 14 October 1912 that a letter from Rear upon the ways, this gleaming new hull slid down to Commodore Roger Upton, petitioning the Boston her launching is shown in the simple, one-page Yacht Club to officially establish the power boat recording of the birth certificate. division was read by the executive committee. As minutes of that meeting disclose, the executive At the second conference to consider the ques- committee granted Commodore Upton’s petition tion of formation of power squadrons, held at the unanimously. It was at the annual meeting in Janu- New York Yacht Club on 2 February 1914, at eight ary 1913 that the name was changed to “Power o’clock in the evening, the following vote was Squadron,” the name passed on to the organization, passed and signed by the delegates whose names and the club within-a-club was officially recog- are set against their respective clubs or associa- nized. Its officers and rules were printed in the tions. 1913 Boston Yacht Club Yearbook. Officers were Roger Upton, commander; C. N. Burnell, lieuten- “That we, the undersigned, duly authorized ant commander; and Nathaniel L. Stebbins, a noted delegates of the club or association set against our Boston marine photographer, secretary. respective names do hereby associate such clubs or associations together as a national organization to A distinguishing power squadron pennant was be known as United States Power Squadrons, and designed to be flown above the yacht club. It fea- we bind our clubs to abide by the rules and regula- tured a red field with centered white star at the tions adopted by said United States Power Squad- hoist; the center third was white and the outer end, rons. blue. Only when a prospective member was able to • Yachtsmen’s Club of Philadelphia; C.L. Lagen, pass what now seems to have been a fairly difficult Commodore examination in advanced piloting subjects was he • Power Boat Squadron of New Haven, Conn.; authorized to fly the streamer. J.N. Champion, Commodore • Larchmont Yacht Club; Francis M. Wilson So ends the birth of the idea and its develop- • Atlantic Yacht Club; Theodore D. Wells ment into an active movement, but actually, this is • Corinthian Yacht Club of Philadelphia; C. only the beginning. Longstreth • Rhode Island Yacht Club; William St. Streeter, Sometime in January of 1914, the Power Commodore Squadron of the Boston Yacht Club called a confer- • New York Motor Boat Club; C.F. Chapman ence of many yacht clubs throughout the country to • Hudson River Power Squadron; Franklin P. determine if the “power squadron” idea could be Pratt developed among them and a national body was • Lynn Yacht Club; A.D. Grover formed; those already active had come to realize • Knickerbocker Yacht Club; William E. that the movement was destined to grow beyond its Spencer present limits. Only some clubs along the Atlantic • Harlem Yacht Club; R.S. Haydock Seaboard attended, as could naturally be expected, • Portland Yacht Club; Holman F. Day, Rear but among them the officials of existing squadrons Commodore found a surprisingly great enthusiasm. Who • Savin Hill Yacht Club; Charles A. J. Smith attended and what was discussed, or where the • Kennebec Yacht Club; Charles E. Hyde meeting was held is not known as no minutes exist. • Hudson River Yacht Racing Association; But, it evidently showed plainly enough that it was Worthington Scott 2013.3 USPS OPERATIONS MANUAL Page 1-3 • Sachem’s Head Yacht Club; W.C. Stringer knowing the rules of the road, the compass, buoys, • Baltimore Yacht Club; Dwight F. Mallory and chart bearings, a member was required to • Seawanhaka Corinthian Yacht Club; Elliot attend at least three squadron drills yearly to hold Tuckerman his membership certificate. When the member • Indian Harbor Yacht Club; Frank Bowne Jones attended twelve, he became a privileged member • Boston Yacht Club Power Squadron; William and thereafter need only appear at one drill each A. Hopkins year. Not more than six drills counted in any one year toward the member’s qualification. The signatures of Messrs. Longstreth, Stringer, Tuckerman and Jones are affixed subject to ratifi- The United States Power Squadrons' Ensign cation of their respective clubs.” was designed early in its history. It was the work of two of our organization's founding members: And that is all. Yet it contains what the national Charles Chapman and Roger Upton of the Boston body prescribes we shall forever know: the names Yacht Club. of the founding fathers. Roger Upton wrote a letter about the establish- At this same meeting, the organization was ment of the Power Squadrons, which was pub- made complete by the election of officers and lished in the US Naval Institute Proceedings for members of the Governing Board included: 1917, Vol.