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MARTINUS TOMMY NUGROHO Student Number: 991214125 JUDAS’ MOTIVES IN ASSISTING JESUS IN FULFILLING THE BIBLE’S PROPHECY AS SEEN IN MARTIN SCORSESE’ THE LAST TEMPTATION OF CHRIST A Thesis Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements to obtain the Sarjana Pendidikan Degree in English Language Education By MARTINUS TOMMY NUGROHO Student Number: 991214125 ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND ARTS EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUCATION SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2008 i ii iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my Lord Jesus Christ. Without His blessing, I believe I would not have been able to finish this thesis and most of all, my study. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my major sponsor, Drs. A. Herujiyanto, M.A., P.Hd. and my co-sponsor, A. Hardi Prasetyo, S.Pd., M.A., who have devoted their time and energy to guide me in finishing my thesis. My appreciation also goes to all the lecturers of Sanata Dharma University. My special thanks go to Mbak Tari and Mbak Danik, the secretariat staff of the English Language Education Study Program of USD. I am sincerely grateful to my beloved mother, Ellies Endang, and my ‘father’, Om Yusuf, for their prayers, love, patience, support, and guidance in every second of my life. My greatest gratitude goes to my lovely wife, Hendri Hastuti, for her understanding and to my daughters, Nael and Egan, who always cheer my life. I also thank my sister, Tenny, and my parents-in-law, Bapak Mur and Ibu Mur, for their support to finish my study. I would like to thank to all my friends: all 99ers who have left me behind; they have inspired me to finish my study, to Tunjung and Aji for sharing their ideas and all 98ers, Anom (thanks for the correction), Brojo, and Yoseph. I will not forget thank my band mates, Gendel, Bruno, Tiyok, Didit, and Ponkq and also Otto for the PC and Albert for the printer. iv v LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS Yang bertandatangan dibawah ini, saya mahasiswa Universitas Sanata Dharma: Nama : Martinus Tommy Nugroho Nomor Mahasiswa : 991214125 Demi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Sanata Dharma karya ilmiah saya yang berjudul: JUDAS’ MOTIVES IN ASSISTING JESUS IN FULFILLING THE BIBLE’S PROPHECY AS SEEN IN MARTIN SCORSESE’ THE LAST TEMPTATION OF CHRIST Beserta perangkat yang diperlukan (jika ada). Dengan demikian saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma hak untuk menympan, mengalihkan dalam bentuk media lain, mengelolanya dalam bentuk pangkalan data, mendistribusikan secara terbatas, dan mempublikasikannya di internet atau media lain untuk kepentingan akademis tanpa perlu meminta ijin dari saya mamupun memberikan royalti kepada saya selama tetap mencantumkan nama saya sebagai penulis. Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya. Dibuat di Yogyakarta Pada tanggal 18 Juli 2008 Yang menyatakan vi ABSTRACT Nugroho, Martinus Tommy. 2008. Judas’ Motives in Assisting Jesus in Fulfilling the Bible’s Prophecy As Seen in Martin Scorsese’ The Last Temptation Of Christ . Yogyakarta: English Language Education Study Program, Department of Language and Arts Education, Faculty of Teachers Training and Education, Sanata Dharma University. This thesis discusses The Last Temptation of Christ , a movie from Martin Scorsese. This movie tells about the journey of Jesus with his struggle to understand his deity and his effort to defeat temptation since He is also a man. In his journey, Jesus was accompanied by Judas who helps Jesus fulfills the prophecy as the Messiah. The objective of the study is to find out why Judas assists Jesus in fulfilling the Bible’s prophecy. In order to achieve the objective of the study, there are three problems to answer. First, how Jesus and Judas are depicted in the movie; second, what are Judas’s motives for assisting Jesus; and third, what are the motives behind Judas’ betrayal towards Jesus. The method employed in this thesis is a library research. The sources are obtained from the movie itself, the script, criticism, and other sources related to the movie. This thesis also uses some theories to conduct the analysis. They are the theories of character and characterization, motivation theory as part of psychological approach. From the analysis, it can be concluded that Jesus is critical, lovable, regretful, and he is also irritable, fearful, unpredictable. On the other hand, Judas is strong, patience, straight, faithful person and he is also demanding, irritable. Second, Judas’s motives for assisting Jesus are to free Israel and to exercise his belief that Jesus is a Messiah. Third, the reason behind Judas’ betrayal toward Jesus is that he has to help Jesus accomplish the prophecy. This study recommends that further researchers conduct their research on comparison between this movie and other Jesus movie such as The Passion of Christ by Mel Gibson and the New Testament of the Bible using the formalist approach. As for English teacher, it is suggested that part of the script is used to teach Play Performance and Speaking class. vii ABSTRAK Nugroho, Martinus Tommy. 2008. Judas’ Motives in Assisting Jesus in Fulfilling the Bible’s Prophecy As Seen in Martin Scorsese’ The Last Temptation Of Christ . Yogyakarta: Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa dan Seni, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Sanata Dharma. Skripsi ini membahas The Last Temptation Of Christ , sebuah film karya Martin Scorsese. Film ini bercerita tentang perjalanan Yesus dalam perjuangannya memahami makna ketuhanannya dan usahanya untuk mengalahkan cobaan karena ia juga adalah seorang manusia biasa. Dalam perjalanannya, Yesus ditemani oleh Yudas yang membantunya memenuhi ramalan sebagai Sang Penyelamat Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mengapa Yudas membantu Yesus memenuhi ramalan kitab suci. Untuk mencapai tujuan dari penelitian ini, ada tiga pokok permasalahan yang akan dibahas dalam skripsi ini. Yang pertama adalah bagaimana Yesus dan Yudas digambarkan dalam film ini, yang kedua adalah apakah motivasi Yudas membantu Yesus, dan yang ketiga adalah apa alasan Yudas mengkhianati Yesus. Untuk mencapai tujuan dalam penelitian ini, metode yang digunakan dalam skripsi ini adalah studi pustaka. Sumber-sumber didapat dari film itu sendiri, naskah film, kritik-kritik dan sumber-sumber lain yang berhubungan dengan film ini. Skripsi ini juga menggunakan beberapa teori untuk menuntun analisa. Teori-teori tersebut adalah teori karakter dan karakterisasi, dan teori motivasi sebagai bagian dari pendekatan psikologis. Dari analisa yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Yesus adalah seorang yang kritis, mencintai sesama, dan penuh penyesalan, dan ia juga seorang yang memiliki keraguan, penuh ketakutan dan seorang yang tidak pasti. Sementara Yudas adalah seorang yang kuat, jujur dan beriman, penuntut tetapi memiliki kesabaran terhadap Yesus, dan mudah marah. Yang kedua, motif Yudas membantu Yesus adalah untuk memerdekakan Israel dan untuk menunjukan keyakinannya bahwa Yesus adalah Sang Penyelamat. Yang ketiga, alas an Yudas mengkhianati Yesus adalah ia harus membantu Yesus memenuhi ramalan Tuhan sebagai Sang Penyelamat. Direkomendasikan bagi para peneliti selanjutnya untuk melakukan penelitian dalam perbandingan film ini dengan film tentang Yesus lainnya seperti The Passion of Christ karya Mel Gibson dan dengan Kitab Perjanjian Baru. Dan untuk para guru bahasa Inggris, disarankan agar sebagian dari naskah film ini digunakan untuk mengajar Play Performance dan Speaking. viii TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE OF TITLE ……………………………………………………………… i PAGE OF APPROVAL ………………………………………………………. ii PAGE OF BOARD EXAMINERS ...………………………………………….. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...……………………………..…………………….. iv STATEMENTS OF WORK’S ORIGINALITY ..………………...................... v LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI …………………….... vi ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………….…….. vii ABSTRAK ……………………………………………………………………... ix TABLE OF CONTENT……………………………………………………….. x CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………. 1 A. Background of the Study ………………………………………………. 1 B. Objective of the Study …………………………………………………. 4 C. Problem Formulation …………………………………………………... 5 D. Benefits of Study ………………………………………………………. 5 E. Definition of Terms ……………………………………………………. 5 CHAPTER II REVIEW ON RELATED LITERATURE……………………… 8 A. Theory of Critical Approach …………………………………………... 8 B. Theoretical Review ……………………………………………………. 10 1. Theory of Character and characterization ……………………... 10 2. Theory of Psychoanalysis ……………………………………... 14 3. Theory of Motivation ………………………………………….. 23 ix C. Theoretical Framework ……………………………………………….. 25 D. Criticism ……………………………………………………………….. 26 E. The Context of The Last Temptation of Christ ……………………….. 30 CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY …………………………………………… 33 A. Subject Matter ………………………………………………………… 33 B. Approach ……………………………………………………………… 34 C. Procedures …………………………………………………………….. 34 D. Sources ……………………………………………………………….. 35 CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS ………………………………………………….. 37 A. The Characterization of the Characters ………………………………. 37 B. Judas’ Motives in Assisting Jesus’ Journey in Fulfilling the Prophecy as a Messiah ……………………………………........... 48 C. Why Judas Betray Jesus ……………………………………………… 51 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION AND SUGGESTION 54 A. Conclusions ………………………………………………………….. 54 B. Recommendation for Next Researcher ………………………………. 56 C. Suggestion for Teaching and Learning Process ……………………… 57 BIBLIOGRAPHY …………………………………………………………… 62 APPENDICES A. Summary
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