ICP 62 – Koerber Et Al (2019)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

ICP 62 – Koerber Et Al (2019) Ichthyological Contributions of PecesCriollos 62: 1-14 (2019) 1 CLOFFAR - update 6 - supplement to Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of Argentina. 1 2 3 Stefan Koerber , Thomas O. Litz & Juan Marcos Mirande 1 Friesenstr. 11, 45476 Muelheim, Germany, [email protected] 2 Friedhofstr. 8, 88448 Attenweiler, Germany, [email protected] 3 CONICET - Fundación Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina. [email protected] Remarks on this update In only six months 14 changes have been registered which alter the list of freshwater fishes found in Argentina. The total number of species has increased to 562 by two new species and two first records. One of the latter was yet another exotic species, Geophagus sveni, that has been detected in Argentina’s waters. Three resurrections from synonymies have been neutralized by three negative records for species listed for Argentina erroneously in the past. Also, four new combination have no influence on the total count. The single paper which most changes has been the description of the trichomycterid genus Cambeva to which four species have been transferred fom Trichomycterus. CLOFF update update update update update update total AR # 1 # 2 # 3 # 4 # 5 # 6 Myliobatiformes 6 6 Acipenseriformes 1 1 2 Clupeiformes 6 6 Cypriniformes 5 5 Characiformes 183 4 4 2 2 1 196 Siluriformes 200 1 4 11 2 1 1 220 Gymnotiformes 15 1 1 17 Galaxiiformes 4 4 Salmoniformes 6 6 Atheriniformes 4 1 5 Cyprinodontiformes 30 -3 1 2 30 Beloniformes 2 2 Synbranchiformes 1 1 "Perciformes" 3 3 Centrarchiformes 3 3 Mugiliformes 2 2 Cichliformes 41 2 -1 2 2 3 2 51 Pleuronectiformes 2 2 Ceratodontiformes 1 1 total 515 4 7 14 8 10 4 562 The aim of this list of species of freshwater fishes from Argentina is to provide an updated supplement to the ‘Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of Argentina (CLOFFAR)’ published by Mirande & Koerber (2015). Only those species are listed here that have not been included in that paper and earlier updates or which have undergone systematical changes since then. Changes in this sense may be new species, synonymies, revalidations, new combinations, first records etc., every factor which might modify the data published at present. Information already provided in CLOFFAR is not repeated herein. © www.pecescriollos.de 2019 - ISSN 1868-3703 Ichthyological Contributions of PecesCriollos 62: 1-14 (2019) 2 This list is not a publication in the sense of the ‘Code’ (ICZN) and expressions as ‘new species’, ‘new combination’ etc. are only used to highlight changes in comparison with the original CLOFFAR. ‘NEW’ after species names indicates that this record has not been included in previously published updates. ‘Info’ provides hyperlinks to the individual species accounts in www.pecescriollos.de, usually with figures and some data from the respective publication. class A C T I N O P T E R Y G I I order ACIPENSERIFORMES family Acipenseridae Acipenser A. gueldenstaedtii Brandt & Ratzeburg, 1833 first record for Argentina from the Paraná and La Plata rivers info published in Demonte et al. (2017) order CHARACIFORMES family Parodontidae Apareiodon A. vittatus Garavello, 1977 first record for Argentina from the Río Iguazú info published in Casciotta et al. (2016) family Curimatidae Steindachnerina S. nigrotaenia (Boulenger, 1902) resurrected from synonymy of S. brevipinna info NEW published in Britski et al. (2019) Curimatidae considered not to be distributed in Argentina Cruxentina insculpta Fernández-Yépez, 1948 | Aguilera et al. (2018) sub Steindachnerina insculpta | Britski et info NEW al. (2019) family Anostomidae Megaleporinus M. macrocephalus (Garavello & Britski, 1988) new combination from Leporinus info published in Ramirez et al. (2017) M. obtusidens (Valenciennes, 1837) new combination from Leporinus info published in Ramirez et al. (2017) family Erythrinidae Hoplias H. argentinensis Rosso, Mabragaña, González-Castro, Bogan, Cardoso, Mabragaña, Delpiani & Díaz de Astarloa, 2018 new species from the La Plata, Paraná and Uruguay basins info published in Rosso et al. (2018) © www.pecescriollos.de 2019 - ISSN 1868-3703 Ichthyological Contributions of PecesCriollos 62: 1-14 (2019) 3 type locality Santa Fé, río Coronada H. mbigua Azpelicueta, Benítez, Aichino & Mendez, 2015 new species from the Paraná basin in Misiones info published in Azpelicueta et al. (2015) type locality Misiones, río Paraná, Nemesio Parma H. misionera Rosso et al., 2016 new species from the Uruguay and Paraná basins info published in Rosso et al. (2016) type locality Misiones, río Acaraguá, Villa Bonita family Serrasalmidae Myloplus M. tiete (Eigenmann & Norris, 1900) new combination from Myleus info published in Ortí et al. (2008) family Characidae subfamily Bryconinae Brycon B. hilarii (Valencienes, 1850) confirmed for Argentina info published in Lima (2017) original Chalceus hilarii synonyms Megalobrycon erythropterus Cope, 1872 Brycon microlepis Perugia, 1897 subfamily Characinae Characinae considered not to be distributed in Argentina Cynopotamus gulo Cope, 1870 | in CLOFFAR sub Galeocharax knerii | Giovannetti et al. (2017) info subfamily Stevardiinae tribus Diapomini Diapoma D. alburnum (Hensel, 1870) new combination from Cyanocharax info published in Thomaz et al. (2015) D. guarani (Mahnert & Géry, 1987) new combination from Hyphessobrycon info published in Thomaz et al. (2015) D. lepiclastum (Malabarba, Weitzman & Casciotta, 2003) new combination from Cyanocharax published in Thomaz et al. (2015) D. nandi Vanegas-Ríos, Azpelicueta & Malabarba, 2018 NEW new species from the río Paraná basin in Misiones info published in Vanegas-Ríos et al. (2018) D. obi (Casciotta, Almirón, Piálek & Rican, 2012) new combination from Cyanocharax © www.pecescriollos.de 2019 - ISSN 1868-3703 Ichthyological Contributions of PecesCriollos 62: 1-14 (2019) 4 published in Thomaz et al. (2015) D. pyrrhopteryx Menezes & Weitzman, 2011 first record for Argentina from the Upper Uruguay basin info published in Almirón et al. (2016) D. uruguayense (Messner, 1962) new combination from Cyanocharax published in Thomaz et al. (2015) remarks not uruguayensis as Diapoma is neuter Piabarchus P. stramineus (Eigenmann, 1908) new combination from Bryconamericus info published in Thomaz et al. (2015) Piabina P. thomasi (Fowler, 1940) new combination from Bryconamericus info published in Thomaz et al. (2015) tribus Eretmobryconini Markiana M. nigripinnis (Perugia, 1891) Tetragonopterus anomalus is a jr. synonym info published in Carvalho & Santos (2015) synonym Tetragonopterus anomalus Steindachner, 1891 type locality anomalus: Corrientes, Río Paraná subfamily Astyanax clade Astyanax A. bifasciatus Garavello & Sampaio, 2010 first record for Argentina from the Río Iguazú info published in Casciotta et al. (2016) A. dissensus Lucena & Thofehrn, 2013 first record for Argentina from río Uruguay in Corrientes info published in Terán et al. (2016) A. dissimilis Garavello & Sampaio, 2010 first record for Argentina from the Río Iguazú info published in Casciotta et al. (2016) A. lacustris (Lütken, 1875) Astyanax asuncionensis is a jr. synonym info published in Lucena & Soares (2016) original Tetragonopterus lacustris synonyms Astyanax altiparanae Garutti & Britski, 2000 A. bimaculatus asuncionensis Géry, 1972 A. bimaculatus paraguayensis Eigenmann, 1921 Tetragonopterus jacuhiensis Cope, 1894 A. powelli Terán, Butí & Mirande, 2017 new species from the arheic of Río Sucuma, Catamarca info published in Terán et al. (2017) A. xiru Lucena, Castro & Bertaco, 2013 first record for Argentina from río Uruguay basin in Misiones info © www.pecescriollos.de 2019 - ISSN 1868-3703 Ichthyological Contributions of PecesCriollos 62: 1-14 (2019) 5 published in Casciotta et al. (2016) subfamily Hemigrammus clade Hemigrammus H. tridens Eigenmann, 1907 first record for Argentina from Río Paraná basin in Corrientes info published in Azpelicueta & Koerber (2017) Moenkhausia M. bonita Benine, Castro & Sabino, 2004 first record for Argentina from the whole La Plata basin based info NEW on the previous erroneous determinations as M. intermedia published in Vanegas-Ríos et al. (2019) Species from the Astyanax-clade considered not to be distributed in Argentina Moenkhausia dichrourus intermedius Eigenmann, 1908 | in CLOFFAR sub M. intermedia | Vanegas-Ríos et info NEW al. (2019) order SILURIFORMES family Clariidae Clarias C. gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) first record for Argentina from the Río Iguazú info published in Casciotta et al. (2016) original Silurus gariepinus remarks introduced exotic species origin Africa family Pimelodidae Steindachneridion S. melanodermatum Garavello, 2005 first record for Argentina from the Río Iguazú info published in Casciotta et al. (2016) family Pseudopimelodidae Microglanis M. carlae Vera Alcaraz, da Graça & Shibatta, 2008 first record for Argentina from the Pre-Delta National Park, info lower Paraná basin published in Almirón et al. (2015) M. nigrolineatus Terán, Jarduli, Alonso, Mirande & Shibatta, 2016 new species from the río Bermejo basin in Salta info published in Terán et al. (2016) Pseudopimelodidae considered not to be distributed in Argentina Pimelodus cottoides Boulenger, 1891 | in CLOFFAR sub Microglanis c. | Souza-Shibatta et al. (2018) info © www.pecescriollos.de 2019 - ISSN 1868-3703 Ichthyological Contributions of PecesCriollos 62: 1-14 (2019) 6 family Heptapteridae Cetopsorhamdia C. iheringi Schubart & Gomes, 1959 first record for Argentina from the Paraná basin in Misiones info published in Benitez et
Recommended publications
  • Phylogeny Classification Additional Readings Clupeomorpha and Ostariophysi
    Teleostei - AccessScience from McGraw-Hill Education http://www.accessscience.com/content/teleostei/680400 (http://www.accessscience.com/) Article by: Boschung, Herbert Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Gardiner, Brian Linnean Society of London, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London, United Kingdom. Publication year: 2014 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.680400 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.680400) Content Morphology Euteleostei Bibliography Phylogeny Classification Additional Readings Clupeomorpha and Ostariophysi The most recent group of actinopterygians (rayfin fishes), first appearing in the Upper Triassic (Fig. 1). About 26,840 species are contained within the Teleostei, accounting for more than half of all living vertebrates and over 96% of all living fishes. Teleosts comprise 517 families, of which 69 are extinct, leaving 448 extant families; of these, about 43% have no fossil record. See also: Actinopterygii (/content/actinopterygii/009100); Osteichthyes (/content/osteichthyes/478500) Fig. 1 Cladogram showing the relationships of the extant teleosts with the other extant actinopterygians. (J. S. Nelson, Fishes of the World, 4th ed., Wiley, New York, 2006) 1 of 9 10/7/2015 1:07 PM Teleostei - AccessScience from McGraw-Hill Education http://www.accessscience.com/content/teleostei/680400 Morphology Much of the evidence for teleost monophyly (evolving from a common ancestral form) and relationships comes from the caudal skeleton and concomitant acquisition of a homocercal tail (upper and lower lobes of the caudal fin are symmetrical). This type of tail primitively results from an ontogenetic fusion of centra (bodies of vertebrae) and the possession of paired bracing bones located bilaterally along the dorsal region of the caudal skeleton, derived ontogenetically from the neural arches (uroneurals) of the ural (tail) centra.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of the Placenta Drives a Shift in Sexual Selection in Livebearing Fish
    LETTER doi:10.1038/nature13451 The evolution of the placenta drives a shift in sexual selection in livebearing fish B. J. A. Pollux1,2, R. W. Meredith1,3, M. S. Springer1, T. Garland1 & D. N. Reznick1 The evolution of the placenta from a non-placental ancestor causes a species produce large, ‘costly’ (that is, fully provisioned) eggs5,6, gaining shift of maternal investment from pre- to post-fertilization, creating most reproductive benefits by carefully selecting suitable mates based a venue for parent–offspring conflicts during pregnancy1–4. Theory on phenotype or behaviour2. These females, however, run the risk of mat- predicts that the rise of these conflicts should drive a shift from a ing with genetically inferior (for example, closely related or dishonestly reliance on pre-copulatory female mate choice to polyandry in conjunc- signalling) males, because genetically incompatible males are generally tion with post-zygotic mechanisms of sexual selection2. This hypoth- not discernable at the phenotypic level10. Placental females may reduce esis has not yet been empirically tested. Here we apply comparative these risks by producing tiny, inexpensive eggs and creating large mixed- methods to test a key prediction of this hypothesis, which is that the paternity litters by mating with multiple males. They may then rely on evolution of placentation is associated with reduced pre-copulatory the expression of the paternal genomes to induce differential patterns of female mate choice. We exploit a unique quality of the livebearing fish post-zygotic maternal investment among the embryos and, in extreme family Poeciliidae: placentas have repeatedly evolved or been lost, cases, divert resources from genetically defective (incompatible) to viable creating diversity among closely related lineages in the presence or embryos1–4,6,11.
    [Show full text]
  • Four New Records of Fish Species (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae
    Zoological Research 35 (1): 51−58 DOI:10.11813/j.issn.0254-5853.2014.1.051 Four new records of fish species (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae, Balitoridae; Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) and corrections of two misidentified fish species (Tetraodontiformes: Tetraodontidae; Beloniformes: Belonidae) in Yunnan, China Marco Endruweit* Qingshan Road 601, Qingdao, China Abstract: In this study, six fish species of five families are reported for the first time from Yunnan Province, China. The nemacheilid Schistura amplizona Kottelat, 2000 is reported from the Luosuojiang River and Nanlahe River subbasins, Mekong basin; the prochilodontid Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837), the balitorid Vanmanenia serrilineata Kottelat, 2000, and the tetraodontid Monotrete turgidus Kottelat, 2000, from Nanlahe River subbasin, Mekong basin; the balitorid Beaufortia daon (Mai, 1978), and the belonid Xenentodon canciloides (Bleeker, 1854), both, from Black River subbasin, Red River basin. The freshwater puffer M. turgidus and the needlefish X. canciloides have been previously misidentified as Tetraodon leiurus (Bleeker, 1950) and Tylosurus strongylurus (van Hasselt, 1823), respectively. Keywords: New record; Misidentification; Mekong basin; Red River; Yunnan Yunnan Province is located in the Southwest within Chen et al in 1989, respectively 1990 for the second the People’s Republic of China. Its name refers to its volume, giving 226 species and subspecies accounts in location south of the Yunling Mountain range. It shares the first volume plus an additional 173 in the second. international border with Myanmar in the West and Through extensive fieldwork and re-evaluation of Southwest, with Laos and Vietnam in the South; national institutionally stored lots the number of Yunnanese fish borders with Xizang Autonomous Region to the species is growing (for e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • History of Fishes - Structural Patterns and Trends in Diversification
    History of fishes - Structural Patterns and Trends in Diversification AGNATHANS = Jawless • Class – Pteraspidomorphi • Class – Myxini?? (living) • Class – Cephalaspidomorphi – Osteostraci – Anaspidiformes – Petromyzontiformes (living) Major Groups of Agnathans • 1. Osteostracida 2. Anaspida 3. Pteraspidomorphida • Hagfish and Lamprey = traditionally together in cyclostomata Jaws = GNATHOSTOMES • Gnathostomes: the jawed fishes -good evidence for gnathostome monophyly. • 4 major groups of jawed vertebrates: Extinct Acanthodii and Placodermi (know) Living Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes • Living Chondrichthyans - usually divided into Selachii or Elasmobranchi (sharks and rays) and Holocephali (chimeroids). • • Living Osteichthyans commonly regarded as forming two major groups ‑ – Actinopterygii – Ray finned fish – Sarcopterygii (coelacanths, lungfish, Tetrapods). • SARCOPTERYGII = Coelacanths + (Dipnoi = Lung-fish) + Rhipidistian (Osteolepimorphi) = Tetrapod Ancestors (Eusthenopteron) Close to tetrapods Lungfish - Dipnoi • Three genera, Africa+Australian+South American ACTINOPTERYGII Bichirs – Cladistia = POLYPTERIFORMES Notable exception = Cladistia – Polypterus (bichirs) - Represented by 10 FW species - tropical Africa and one species - Erpetoichthys calabaricus – reedfish. Highly aberrant Cladistia - numerous uniquely derived features – long, independent evolution: – Strange dorsal finlets, Series spiracular ossicles, Peculiar urohyal bone and parasphenoid • But retain # primitive Actinopterygian features = heavy ganoid scales (external
    [Show full text]
  • Reproductive Characteristics of Characid Fish Species (Teleostei
    Reproductive characteristics of characid fish species (Teleostei... 469 Reproductive characteristics of characid fish species (Teleostei, Characiformes) and their relationship with body size and phylogeny Marco A. Azevedo Setor de Ictiologia, Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Dr. Salvador França, 1427, 90690-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. ([email protected]) ABSTRACT. In this study, I investigated the reproductive biology of fish species from the family Characidae of the order Characiformes. I also investigated the relationship between reproductive biology and body weight and interpreted this relationship in a phylogenetic context. The results of the present study contribute to the understanding of the evolution of the reproductive strategies present in the species of this family. Most larger characid species and other characiforms exhibit a reproductive pattern that is generally characterized by a short seasonal reproductive period that lasts one to three months, between September and April. This is accompanied by total spawning, an extremely high fecundity, and, in many species, a reproductive migration. Many species with lower fecundity exhibit some form of parental care. Although reduction in body size may represent an adaptive advantage, it may also require evolutionary responses to new biological problems that arise. In terms of reproduction, smaller species have a tendency to reduce the number of oocytes that they produce. Many small characids have a reproductive pattern similar to that of larger characiforms. On the other hand they may also exhibit a range of modifications that possibly relate to the decrease in body size and the consequent reduction in fecundity.
    [Show full text]
  • Highlights Contrasting Karyotype Evolution Among Congeneric Species
    de Oliveira et al. Molecular Cytogenetics (2015) 8:56 DOI 10.1186/s13039-015-0161-4 RESEARCH Open Access Comparative cytogenetics in the genus Hoplias (Characiformes, Erythrinidae) highlights contrasting karyotype evolution among congeneric species Ezequiel Aguiar de Oliveira1,2, Luiz Antônio Carlos Bertollo1, Cassia Fernanda Yano1, Thomas Liehr3 and Marcelo de Bello Cioffi1* Abstract Background: The Erythrinidae fish family contains three genera, Hoplias, Erythrinus and Hoplerythrinus widely distributed in Neotropical region. Remarkably, species from this family are characterized by an extensive karyotype diversity, with 2n ranging from 39 to 54 chromosomes and the occurrence of single and/or multiple sex chromosome systems in some species. However, inside the Hoplias genus, while H. malabaricus was subject of many studies, the cytogenetics of other congeneric species remains poorly explored. In this study, we have investigated chromosomal characteristics of four Hoplias species, namely H. lacerdae, H. brasiliensis, H. intermedius and H. aimara. We used conventional staining techniques (C-banding, Ag-impregnation and CMA3 -fluorescence) as well as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with minor and major rDNA and microsatellite DNAs as probes in order to analyze the karyotype evolution within the genus. Results: All species showed invariably 2n = 50 chromosomes and practically identical karyotypes dominated only by meta- and submetacentric chromosomes, the absence of heteromorphic sex chromosomes, similar pattern of C-positive heterochromatin blocks and homologous Ag-NOR-bearing pairs. The cytogenetic mapping of five repetitive DNA sequences revealed some particular interspecific differences between them. However, the examined chromosomal characteristics indicate that their speciation was not associated with major changes in their karyotypes.
    [Show full text]
  • Colossoma Macropornom Class: Actinopterygii Order: Characiformes Family: Serrasalmidae
    Pacu Scientific Name: Colossoma Macropornom Class: Actinopterygii Order: Characiformes Family: Serrasalmidae Pacu is a common name said to refer to several species of omnivorous freshwater fish that are related to the piranha. Pacu have square, straight teeth, which are similar to human teeth. They can reach a length of up to 3.5 feet and weigh about 88 pounds. Pacu can live up to about 20 years. They have not been classified by the IUCN at this moment. Range Tropical and subtropical South America. Habitat They inhabit rivers, lakes, floodplains and flooded forests in the Amazon, Orinoco, Sao Francisco, and Rio de la Plata Basins as well as rivers in the Guianas. Pacus have become established in Puerto Rico and singles have been caught in numerous United States. The Amazon River is experiencing a crisis of overfishing. Both subsistence fishers and their commercial rivals compete in netting large quantities of pacus, which bring good prices at markets in Brazil and abroad. Gestation Spawning usually take place in 48 hours to a few days. The eggs are quite sticky and will adhere to foliage as they are dropped. The eggs hatch quickly, usually in about 36 hours. Litter The number of eggs has not been accurately determined, could be hundreds. Behavior Pacus are not social in nature. They can become increasingly independent and territorial as they grow. Pacu are not inhibited by tank size if sold to a customer and therefore many are released into rivers and lakes when they grow to a larger size than the owner wants. Pacus can survive in American rivers and are considered invasive in many states.
    [Show full text]
  • Earliest Occurrence of Hydrocynus (Characiformes, Alestidae) from Eocene Continental Deposits of Méridja Hamada (Northwestern Sahara, Algeria)
    Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences Earliest occurrence of Hydrocynus (Characiformes, Alestidae) from Eocene continental deposits of Méridja Hamada (northwestern Sahara, Algeria) Journal: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences Manuscript ID cjes-2016-0006.R1 Manuscript Type: Article Date Submitted by the Author: 21-Apr-2016 Complete List of Authors: Hammouda, Sid-Ahmed; Universite Abou Bekr Belkaid Tlemcen, DepartementDraft des Sciences de la Terre et de l’Univers, Laboratoire de recherche n. 25 Murray, Alison M.; University of Alberta Divay, Julien; Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology, Preservation and Research Mebrouk, Fateh; Universite de Jijel, Departement des Sciences de la Terre et de l'Univers, F. S. N. V. Adaci, Mohammed; Universite Abou Bekr Belkaid Tlemcen, Departement des Sciences de la Terre et de l’Univers, Laboratoire de recherche n. 25 Bensalah, Mustapha; Universite Abou Bekr Belkaid Tlemcen, Departement des Sciences de la Terre et de l’Univers, Laboratoire de recherche n. 25 Keyword: <i>Hydrocynus</i>, Algeria, Eocene, Oued Méridja, Garet Dermchane https://mc06.manuscriptcentral.com/cjes-pubs Page 1 of 37 Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 1 Earliest occurrence of Hydrocynus (Characiformes, Alestidae) from Eocene continental deposits 2 of Méridja Hamada, northwestern Sahara, Algeria 3 4 Sid-Ahmed Hammouda, Alison M. Murray, Julien D. Divay, Fateh Mebrouk, Mohammed Adaci, 5 and Mustapha Bensalah 6 7 Received 13 January 2016. 8 S. -A. Hammouda, M. Adaci and M. Bensalah . Research Laboratory No. 25, PWSMR-ELTC, 9 Department of Earth Sciences and the Universe, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen 13000, 10 Algeria. 11 A.M. Murray . Department of BiologicalDraft Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 12 2E9, Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolutionary Transition from Lungs to a Gas Bladder: Evidence from Immunohistochemistry, Rna-Seq, and Morphology
    THE EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITION FROM LUNGS TO A GAS BLADDER: EVIDENCE FROM IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY, RNA-SEQ, AND MORPHOLOGY A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Emily Funk December 2020 © 2020 Emily Funk THE EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITION FROM LUNGS TO A GAS BLADDER: EVIDENCE FROM IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY, RNA-SEQ, AND MORPHOLOGY Emily Funk, Ph. D. Cornell University 2020 Key to understanding the evolutionary origin and modification of phenotypic traits is revealing the underlying developmental genetic mechanisms. An important morphological trait of ray-finned fishes is the gas bladder, an air-filled organ that, in most fishes, functions for buoyancy control, and is homologous to the lungs of lobe- finned fishes. While gas bladders and lungs are similar in many ways, the distinguishing morphological difference between these organs is the general direction of budding from the foregut during development. Lungs bud ventrally and the gas bladder buds dorsally from the foregut endoderm. To compare lung and gasbladder development, the relevant taxa include bichir and bowfin. Bichir are the only living ray-finned fish that develops ventrally budding lungs. Bowfin, an early-diverging lineage, sister to teleosts, develops a gas bladder and exhibits a number of ancestral characteristics. Additionally, we included zebrafish as a representative of teleost fishes. I investigated the genetic underpinnings of this ventral-to-dorsal shift in budding direction using immunohistochemistry and RNA sequencing to determine whether gene expression patterns show a dorsoventral inversion paralleling the morphological inversion in budding direction. I also characterize morphological budding direction in bowfin, a purported transitional form, using nano-CT scanning.
    [Show full text]
  • 604 Evolution & Ontology Symposium, Grand Ballroom I, Saturday 25 July 2009 Paula Mabee University of South Dakota, Vermilli
    604 Evolution & Ontology Symposium, Grand Ballroom I, Saturday 25 July 2009 Paula Mabee University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, United States Phenoscape: Using Ontologies to Link Comparative Morphology to Genes Decades of comparative anatomical studies in ichthyology and herpetology have resulted in a rich body of ‘free-text’ data. As these data grow, they are increasingly hard to align and synthesize across taxonomic groups, and synthetic questions concerning the developmental and genetic basis of evolutionary changes in morphology cannot be easily or efficiently addressed. In order for this volume of comparative anatomical data to be analyzed in a developmental genetic context, it must first be rendered computable. One way to achieve this is to use ontologies. Using ostariophysan fishes as a prototype, the Phenoscape project has developed a system that includes ontologies representing expert knowledge of anatomy and taxonomy (the Teleost Anatomy Ontology and the Teleost Taxonomy Ontology), software for data curation (Phenex), and a knowledgebase that supports ontology-based reasoning about evolutionary phenotype data (PhenoscapeKB, http://phenoscape.org/kb). To date, over 5,000 characters from the phylogenetic literature have been annotated for 8,300 species, resulting in over eight million annotated phenotypes. PhenoscapeKB combines these evolutionary phenotypes with information about genetically characterized phenotype from ZFIN, the zebrafish community database. Through ontology-based reasoning over expert knowledge in taxonomy,
    [Show full text]
  • The Polycomb Orthologues in Teleost Fishes and Their Expression in the Zebrafish Model
    G C A T T A C G G C A T genes Article The Polycomb Orthologues in Teleost Fishes and Their Expression in the Zebrafish Model Ludivine Raby, Pamela Völkel, Xuefen Le Bourhis and Pierre-Olivier Angrand * University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Centre Oscar Lambret, UMR 9020 - UMR 1277 - Canther - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; [email protected] (L.R.); [email protected] (P.V.); [email protected] (X.L.B.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: + 33-320-336-222 Received: 21 February 2020; Accepted: 26 March 2020; Published: 27 March 2020 Abstract: The Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) is a chromatin-associated protein complex involved in transcriptional repression of hundreds of genes controlling development and differentiation processes, but also involved in cancer and stem cell biology. Within the canonical PRC1, members of Pc/CBX protein family are responsible for the targeting of the complex to specific gene loci. In mammals, the Pc/CBX protein family is composed of five members generating, through mutual exclusion, different PRC1 complexes with potentially distinct cellular functions. Here, we performed a global analysis of the cbx gene family in 68 teleost species and traced the distribution of the cbx genes through teleost evolution in six fish super-orders. We showed that after the teleost-specific whole genome duplication, cbx4, cbx7 and cbx8 are retained as pairs of ohnologues. In contrast, cbx2 and cbx6 are present as pairs of ohnologues in the genome of several teleost clades but as singletons in others.
    [Show full text]
  • Body Size Evolution and Diversity of Fishes Using the Neotropical Cichlids (Cichlinae) As a Model System
    Body Size Evolution and Diversity of Fishes using the Neotropical Cichlids (Cichlinae) as a Model System by Sarah Elizabeth Steele A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto © Copyright by Sarah Elizabeth Steele 2018 Body Size Evolution and Diversity of Fishes using the Neotropical Cichlids (Cichlinae) as a Model System Sarah Elizabeth Steele Doctor of Philosophy Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto 2018 Abstract The influence of body size on an organism’s physiology, morphology, ecology, and life history has been considered one of the most fundamental relationships in ecology and evolution. The ray-finned fishes are a highly diverse group of vertebrates. Yet, our understanding of diversification in this group is incomplete, and the role of body size in creating this diversity is largely unknown. I examined body size in Neotropical cichlids (Cichlinae) to elucidate the large- and small-scale factors affecting body size diversity and distribution, and how body size shapes species, morphological, and ecological diversity in fishes. Characterization of body size distributions across the phylogeny of Neotropical cichlids revealed considerable overlap in body size, particularly in intermediate-sized fishes, with few, species-poor lineages exhibiting extreme body size. Three potential peaks of adaptive evolution in body size were identified within Cichlinae. I found freshwater fishes globally tend to be smaller and their distributions more diverse and right-skewed than marine counterparts, irrespective of taxonomy and clade age, with a strengthening of these trends in riverine systems. Comparisons of Neotropical cichlid body size diversity and distribution to this broader context shows that body size patterns are largely abnormal compared to most freshwater fishes, particularly those of the Neotropics.
    [Show full text]