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Spectral Counts ID Description Gene P1 1 P1 2 P2 1 P2 2 P3 1

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Spectral Counts Dasatinib Sunitinib ID Description Gene P1_1 P1_2 P2_1 P2_2 P3_1 P3_2 P4_1 P4_2 P5_1 P5_2 P6_1 P6_2 P7_1 P7_2 P8_1 P8_2 P9_1 P9_2 P10_1 P10_2 P1_1 P1_2 P2_1 P2_2 P3_1 P3_2 P4_1 P4_2 P5_1 P5_2 P6_1 P6_2 P7_1 P7_2 P8_1 P8_2 P9_1 P9_2 P10_1 P10_2 136429 trypsin [Sus scrofa] 95 89 98 102 89 96 93 80 116 94 115 133 129 140 93 91 109 108 77 86 138 131 103 100 106 101 118 119 137 137 106 101 134 123 119 120 95 102 89 90 162648 albumin [Bos taurus] 7 10 27 29 12 12 11 10 0 2 2 7 7 2 4 17 14 12 16 4 6 4 2 1 0 0 2 2 0 1 4 7 12 15 1433B_HUMAN 14-3-3 protein beta/alpha YWHAB 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 4 1 1 1 5 2 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1433E_HUMAN 14-3-3 protein epsilon YWHAE 0 4 2 3 3 2 0 4 6 2 3 9 7 2 0 6 5 2 2 2 1 1 1 1433G_HUMAN 14-3-3 protein gamma YWHAG 1 0 5 6 1 1 3 4 2 1 0 2 3 0 2 0 2 3 3 2 0 0 0 1433T_HUMAN 14-3-3 protein theta YWHAQ 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1433Z_HUMAN 14-3-3 protein zeta/delta YWHAZ 2 1 10 8 2 4 2 1 15 13 6 7 8 10 5 8 6 7 4 4 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 AAK1_HUMAN AP2-associated protein kinase 1 AAK1 14 16 2 2 4 4 1 3 23 26 17 18 18 20 20 20 18 25 24 22 AAKB1_HUMAN 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 PRKAB1 0 1 2 1 1 3 3 2 2 5 2 0 2 AAKB2_HUMAN 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 PRKAB2 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 AAKG1_HUMAN 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 PRKAG1 7 5 5 3 3 29 23 23 22 30 29 19 16 40 40 18 20 AAKG2_HUMAN 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 PRKAG2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 AAPK1_HUMAN 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 PRKAA1 20 21 15 13 10 9 3 2 28 25 36 26 32 39 29 24 53 52 24 32 AAPK2_HUMAN 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 PRKAA2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 ABL2_HUMAN Abelson tyrosine-protein kinase 2 ABL2 9 9 ACADV_HUMAN Very long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial ACADVL 26 28 37 36 12 11 13 13 27 29 10 8 13 17 23 21 17 12 16 16 9 6 17 13 28 20 10 7 11 15 32 30 ACK1_HUMAN Activated CDC42 kinase 1 TNK2 3 ACTB_HUMAN, ACTG_HUMAN Actin, cytoplasmic 1, Actin, cytoplasmic 2 ACTB, ACTG1 13 8 12 8 12 10 21 20 31 29 13 12 40 40 22 28 30 24 32 39 18 18 3 3 7 7 10 9 23 22 16 11 29 32 16 20 24 31 34 32 ACTBL_HUMAN Beta-actin-like protein 2 ACTBL2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ADCK3_HUMAN Chaperone activity of bc1 complex-like, mitochondrial ADCK3 16 20 13 12 4 4 3 4 8 8 35 37 34 36 12 11 ADK_HUMAN Adenosine kinase ADK 8 5 10 6 5 6 6 4 14 15 3 7 3 2 8 6 AGR2_HUMAN Anterior gradient protein 2 homolog AGR2 1 AHNK_HUMAN Neuroblast differentiation-associated protein AHNAK AHNAK 13 14 2 14 12 3 2 3 AIMP2_HUMAN Aminoacyl tRNA synthase complex-interacting multifunctional protein 2 AIMP2 1 1 1 1 AL1A1_HUMAN Retinal dehydrogenase 1 ALDH1A1 3 1 1 1 2 2 1 0 0 2 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 AL1A2_HUMAN Retinal dehydrogenase 2 ALDH1A2 0 0 1 0 0 3 1 0 0 2 2 2 1 2 1 AL1B1_HUMAN Aldehyde dehydrogenase X, mitochondrial ALDH1B1 10 7 3 2 3 14 14 8 8 1 1 14 16 11 13 4 1 ALBU_HUMAN Serum albumin ALB 0 0 8 7 0 0 14 11 1 4 8 8 13 16 0 0 0 3 3 1 6 6 6 7 23 15 3 2 16 15 3 2 5 ALDH2_HUMAN Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial ALDH2 18 22 11 11 5 7 5 6 23 17 18 15 25 28 35 29 6 6 15 19 ANXA2_HUMAN Annexin A2 ANXA2 5 7 1 2 3 2 2 1 2 AURKA_HUMAN Aurora kinase A AURKA 1 3 2 AZI2_HUMAN 5-azacytidine-induced protein 2 AZI2 1 1 2 5 4 1 3 4 7 1 4 3 BCR_HUMAN Breakpoint cluster region protein BCR 1 1 1 0 BLK_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein kinase Blk BLK 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 BMP2K_HUMAN BMP-2-inducible protein kinase BMP2K 2 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 5 5 3 3 2 3 3 5 10 5 7 4 BPI_HUMAN Bactericidal permeability-increasing protein BPI 2 7 7 5 BRAF_HUMAN Serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf BRAF 4 2 2 2 14 11 18 18 4 3 BTK_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein kinase BTK BTK 6 7 83 83 10 5 9 7 24 31 50 44 81 73 8 4 110 109 41 38 1 C4BPA_HUMAN C4b-binding protein alpha chain C4BPA 6 6 11 12 CBR1_HUMAN Carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 1 CBR1 3 CDC37_HUMAN Hsp90 co-chaperone Cdc37 CDC37 1 2 2 1 2 2 3 CDC42_HUMAN Cell division control protein 42 homolog CDC42 1 CDK13_HUMAN Cyclin-dependent kinase 13 CDK13 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CDK3_HUMAN Cyclin-dependent kinase 3 CDK3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CDK5_HUMAN Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 CDK5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CH60_HUMAN 60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial HSPD1 1 CHK2_HUMAN Serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk2 CHEK2 11 9 CLCA_HUMAN Clathrin light chain A CLTA 1 1 1 CLCB_HUMAN Clathrin light chain B CLTB 3 CLH1_HUMAN Clathrin heavy chain 1 CLTC 1 1 4 4 3 2 3 3 2 2 4 5 CMBL_HUMAN Carboxymethylenebutenolidase homolog CMBL 1 2 6 6 5 5 2 2 4 5 4 3 2 3 2 2 2 3 CO1A2_HUMAN Collagen alpha-2(I) chain COL1A2 1 1 1 CO3_HUMAN Complement C3 C3 5 4 3 2 3 6 CSK_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein kinase CSK CSK 17 14 93 86 34 38 26 29 81 75 128 117 139 122 23 18 181 191 68 68 2 2 1 10 9 CSPG2_HUMAN Versican core protein VCAN 3 DC1I2_HUMAN Cytoplasmic dynein 1 intermediate chain 2 DYNC1I2 1 1 1 1 1 DCD_HUMAN Dermcidin DCD 3 3 DCK_HUMAN Deoxycytidine kinase DCK 20 24 2 1 12 14 16 18 2 2 10 6 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 3 7 5 3 35 33 32 28 13 13 8 10 DCTP1_HUMAN dCTP pyrophosphatase 1 DCTPP1 2 2 DDR2_HUMAN Discoidin domain-containing receptor 2 DDR2 3 2 DECR_HUMAN 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase, mitochondrial DECR1 4 6 4 2 4 5 2 1 3 3 2 3 4 2 2 3 2 2 3 6 2 3 7 6 DEF1_HUMAN, DEF3_HUMAN Neutrophil defensin 1, Neutrophil defensin 3 DEFA1 DEFA1B D 30 20 6 6 7 6 5 3 31 35 25 23 6 6 12 13 1 3 4 6 15 13 1 1 1 8 10 3 6 1 3 4 4 5 DESM_HUMAN Desmin DES 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 DMBT1_HUMAN Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 protein DMBT1 2 2 2 2 DPYL2_HUMAN Dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 2 DPYSL2 1 1 1 1 2 DSG1_HUMAN Desmoglein-1 DSG1 1 2 DYHC1_HUMAN Cytoplasmic dynein 1 heavy chain 1 DYNC1H1 2 1 2 DYHC2_HUMAN Cytoplasmic dynein 2 heavy chain 1 DYNC2H1 10 9 8 8 ECHB_HUMAN Trifunctional enzyme subunit beta, mitochondrial HADHB 3 4 3 6 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 ECP_HUMAN Eosinophil cationic protein RNASE3 7 10 12 13 6 5 EEA1_HUMAN Early endosome antigen 1 EEA1 1 EF1A1_HUMAN, EF1A3_HUMAN Elongation factor 1-alpha 1, Putative elongation factor 1-alpha-like 3 EEF1A1, EEF1A1P 9 10 11 11 7 9 11 9 6 6 3 2 11 10 5 18 19 4 3 1 3 3 5 10 3 8 1 3 2 6 8 7 3 4 15 13 EF1B_HUMAN Elongation factor 1-beta EEF1B2 1 1 EF1D_HUMAN Elongation factor 1-delta EEF1D 2 2 2 2 2 EF1G_HUMAN Elongation factor 1-gamma EEF1G 3 2 1 1 4 4 4 3 2 1 4 2 2 1 1 3 2 1 4 6 5 EGFR_HUMAN Epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR 6 2 ELAV1_HUMAN ELAV-like protein 1 ELAVL1 1 ENPL_HUMAN Endoplasmin HSP90B1 1 1 1 2 1 4 3 1 0 1 1 EPDR1_HUMAN Mammalian ependymin-related protein 1 EPDR1 1 2 15 17 5 5 9 10 8 9 5 3 7 9 7 13 EPHA1_HUMAN Ephrin type-A receptor 1 EPHA1 2 EPHA2_HUMAN Ephrin type-A receptor 2 EPHA2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EPHB3_HUMAN Ephrin type-B receptor 3 EPHB3 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 EWS_HUMAN RNA-binding protein EWS EWSR1 1 FAK1_HUMAN Focal adhesion kinase 1 PTK2 1 1 6 4 0 1 3 4 11 17 13 12 6 5 FAK2_HUMAN Protein-tyrosine kinase 2-beta PTK2B 3 3 5 4 5 3 8 8 7 7 18 19 4 3 7 10 6 8 FBRL_HUMAN rRNA 2'-O-methyltransferase fibrillarin FBL 1 FCRL3_HUMAN Fc receptor-like protein 3 FCRL3 1 FER_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein kinase Fer FER 3 2 2 7 10 4 FGR_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein kinase Fgr FGR 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 2 1 2 0 0 4 5 0 0 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 2 2 FIBA_HUMAN Fibrinogen alpha chain FGA 1 1 1 3 FIBB_HUMAN Fibrinogen beta chain FGB 2 1 2 FIBG_HUMAN Fibrinogen gamma chain FGG 1 2 FLNA_HUMAN Filamin-A FLNA 11 11 22 20 12 9 8 4 23 26 27 20 4 3 30 24 9 8 28 25 11 13 5 3 10 4 11 14 20 22 21 21 5 5 28 30 FLNB_HUMAN Filamin-B FLNB 0 7 5 1 0 4 2 0 0 0 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 FRK_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein kinase FRK FRK 17 11 0 0 6 5 11 11 1 1 5 7 3 2 0 0 7 10 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GAK_HUMAN Cyclin-G-associated kinase GAK 12 13 72 77 44 44 17 15 70 71 61 60 99 106 20 21 61 52 34 42 2 3 4 1 2 4 5 4 5 GELS_HUMAN Gelsolin GSN 6 1 1 2 2 3 GOGB1_HUMAN Golgin subfamily B member 1 GOLGB1 2 GRP78_HUMAN 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein HSPA5 3 3 0 0 1 1 0 0 3 6 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 3 2 1 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 3 2 H10_HUMAN Histone H1.0 H1F0 1 1 H12 HUMAN H13 HUMAN H14 Histone H1.2, Histone H1.3, Histone H1.4 HIST1H1C HIST1H 2 2 4 3 6 5 4 4 3 6 4 5 8 5 4 2 2 1 1 2 1 5 2 1 1 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 4 3 H15_HUMAN Histone H1.5 HIST1H1B 2 2 1 5 2 1 1 2 2 1 3 2 1 2 H1X_HUMAN Histone H1x H1FX 3 H2A1 HUMAN H2A1B HUMAN Histone H2A type 1 Histone H2A type 1-B/E Histone H2A type 1-C Histone HH2AFJ HIST1H2A 3 3 2 3 1 3 2 5 4 1 H2B1C HUMAN, H2B1D HUMAN Histone H2B type 1-C/E/F/G/I, Histone H2B type 1-D, Histone H2B type 1-H, HH2BFS, HIST1H2B 2 3 2 5 4 4 H31 HUMAN H31T HUMAN H3Histone H3.1, Histone H3.1t, Histone H3.2, Histone H3.3 H3F3A,H3F3B, HIS 1 1 3 H4_HUMAN Histone H4 HIST1H4J HIST1H4 2 4 5 3 3 4 3 2 2 1 HBA_HUMAN Hemoglobin subunit alpha HBA2,HBA1 2 2 15 12 2 3 4 3 2 1 3 2 6 4 1 2 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 4 2 3 4 7 1 2 3 HBB_HUMAN Hemoglobin subunit beta HBB 2 3 14 15 3 3 4 5 3 4 4 6 4 6 16 9 10 13 3 2 1 4 4 4 3 3 3 2 3 3 10 8 5 3 7 7 1 2 3 4 HCK_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein kinase HCK HCK 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 6 4 17 14 0 0 18 19 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 HDA10_HUMAN Histone deacetylase 10 HDAC10 3 3 2 2 2 5 2 3 HDAC6_HUMAN Histone deacetylase 6 HDAC6 3 2 1 1 5 10 6 3 5 3 5 3 5 4 7 3 HEMH_HUMAN Ferrochelatase, mitochondrial FECH 7 6 31 32 9 5 35 35 23 28 21 24 26 22 2 2 15 12 12 15 1 1 HINT1_HUMAN Histidine
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  • The Correlation of Keratin Expression with In-Vitro Epithelial Cell Line Differentiation

    The Correlation of Keratin Expression with In-Vitro Epithelial Cell Line Differentiation

    The correlation of keratin expression with in-vitro epithelial cell line differentiation Deeqo Aden Thesis submitted to the University of London for Degree of Master of Philosophy (MPhil) Supervisors: Professor Ian. C. Mackenzie Professor Farida Fortune Centre for Clinical and Diagnostic Oral Science Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary, University of London 2009 Contents Content pages ……………………………………………………………………......2 Abstract………………………………………………………………………….........6 Acknowledgements and Declaration……………………………………………...…7 List of Figures…………………………………………………………………………8 List of Tables………………………………………………………………………...12 Abbreviations….………………………………………………………………..…...14 Chapter 1: Literature review 16 1.1 Structure and function of the Oral Mucosa……………..…………….…..............17 1.2 Maintenance of the oral cavity...……………………………………….................20 1.2.1 Environmental Factors which damage the Oral Mucosa………. ….…………..21 1.3 Structure and function of the Oral Mucosa ………………...….……….………...21 1.3.1 Skin Barrier Formation………………………………………………….……...22 1.4 Comparison of Oral Mucosa and Skin…………………………………….……...24 1.5 Developmental and Experimental Models used in Oral mucosa and Skin...……..28 1.6 Keratinocytes…………………………………………………….….....................29 1.6.1 Desmosomes…………………………………………….…...............................29 1.6.2 Hemidesmosomes……………………………………….…...............................30 1.6.3 Tight Junctions………………………….……………….…...............................32 1.6.4 Gap Junctions………………………….……………….….................................32
  • Keratin-Pan Polyclonal Antibody Catalog # AP73512

    Keratin-Pan Polyclonal Antibody Catalog # AP73512

    苏州工业园区双圩路9号1幢 邮 编 ： 215000 电 话 ： 0512-88856768 Keratin-pan Polyclonal Antibody Catalog # AP73512 Specification Keratin-pan Polyclonal Antibody - Product info Application WB, IHC-P Primary Accession P35908 Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat Host Rabbit Clonality Polyclonal Keratin-pan Polyclonal Antibody - Additional info Gene ID 3849 Other Names KRT2; KRT76; KRT3; KRT5; KRT6A; KRT6B; KRT6C; KRT71; KRT72; KRT73; KRT74; KRT75; KRT79; KRT8; KRT84; Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 2 epidermal; Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 2 oral; Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 3; Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 5;Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 6A; Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 6B; Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 6C; Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 71; Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 72; Keratin, type II cytoskeletal Western Blot analysis of Jurkat cells 73; Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 74; using Keratin-pan Polyclonal Antibody.. Secondary antibody was diluted at Dilution 1:20000 WB~~Western Blot: 1/500 - 1/2000. IHC-p: 1/100-1/300. ELISA: 1/20000. Not yet tested in other applications. Format Liquid in PBS containing 50% glycerol, 0.5% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide. Storage Conditions -20℃ Keratin-pan Polyclonal Antibody - Protein Information Immunohistochemical analysis of Name KRT2 paraffin-embedded human-mammary-cancer, antibody was Synonyms KRT2A, KRT2E diluted at 1:100 Function Probably contributes to terminal cornification (PubMed:<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/citations/1380918" target="_blank">1380918</a>). Associated with keratinocyte activation, proliferation and keratinization (PubMed:<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/citations/12598329" target="_blank">12598329</a>). Plays a role in the establishment of the epidermal barrier on plantar skin (By similarity). Tissue Location Expressed in the upper spinous and granular suprabasal layers of normal adult epidermal tissues from most body sites including thigh, breast nipple, foot sole, penile shaft and axilla.
  • Proteomic Expression Profile in Human Temporomandibular Joint

    Proteomic Expression Profile in Human Temporomandibular Joint

    diagnostics Article Proteomic Expression Profile in Human Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Andrea Duarte Doetzer 1,*, Roberto Hirochi Herai 1 , Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf 2 and Paula Cristina Trevilatto 1 1 Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil; [email protected] (R.H.H.); [email protected] (P.C.T.) 2 Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +55-41-991-864-747 Abstract: Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) is a multifactorial condition that impairs human’s health and quality of life. Its etiology is still a challenge due to its complex development and the great number of different conditions it comprises. One of the most common forms of TMD is anterior disc displacement without reduction (DDWoR) and other TMDs with distinct origins are condylar hyperplasia (CH) and mandibular dislocation (MD). Thus, the aim of this study is to identify the protein expression profile of synovial fluid and the temporomandibular joint disc of patients diagnosed with DDWoR, CH and MD. Synovial fluid and a fraction of the temporomandibular joint disc were collected from nine patients diagnosed with DDWoR (n = 3), CH (n = 4) and MD (n = 2). Samples were subjected to label-free nLC-MS/MS for proteomic data extraction, and then bioinformatics analysis were conducted for protein identification and functional annotation. The three Citation: Doetzer, A.D.; Herai, R.H.; TMD conditions showed different protein expression profiles, and novel proteins were identified Buzalaf, M.A.R.; Trevilatto, P.C.
  • Biological Models of Colorectal Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Suppression

    Biological Models of Colorectal Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Suppression

    BIOLOGICAL MODELS OF COLORECTAL CANCER METASTASIS AND TUMOR SUPPRESSION PROVIDE MECHANISTIC INSIGHTS TO GUIDE PERSONALIZED CARE OF THE COLORECTAL CANCER PATIENT By Jesse Joshua Smith Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Vanderbilt University In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In Cell and Developmental Biology May, 2010 Nashville, Tennessee Approved: Professor R. Daniel Beauchamp Professor Robert J. Coffey Professor Mark deCaestecker Professor Ethan Lee Professor Steven K. Hanks Copyright 2010 by Jesse Joshua Smith All Rights Reserved To my grandparents, Gladys and A.L. Lyth and Juanda Ruth and J.E. Smith, fully supportive and never in doubt. To my amazing and enduring parents, Rebecca Lyth and Jesse E. Smith, Jr., always there for me. .my sure foundation. To Jeannine, Bill and Reagan for encouragement, patience, love, trust and a solid backing. To Granny George and Shawn for loving support and care. And To my beautiful wife, Kelly, My heart, soul and great love, Infinitely supportive, patient and graceful. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work would not have been possible without the financial support of the Vanderbilt Medical Scientist Training Program through the Clinical and Translational Science Award (Clinical Investigator Track), the Society of University Surgeons-Ethicon Scholarship Fund and the Surgical Oncology T32 grant and the Vanderbilt Medical Center Section of Surgical Sciences and the Department of Surgical Oncology. I am especially indebted to Drs. R. Daniel Beauchamp, Chairman of the Section of Surgical Sciences, Dr. James R. Goldenring, Vice Chairman of Research of the Department of Surgery, Dr. Naji N.