International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
SEMESTER I
PAPER I: ANIMAL DIVERSITY I Paper Code: ZOL 111
TOPICS Teaching UNITS Hours
Principles of classification-Salient features and classification UNIT upto orders in non-chordates. I 15 Structural organization in different classes of non-chordates.
Protozoa-Type study (Paramecium) and study of : UNIT 10 II • Locomotion • Osmoregulation • Nutrition • Reproduction
UNIT Origin of metazoa-Metamerism and symmetry. III 5 Porifera and coelenterate UNIT Type study (Leucosolenia and obelia) 10 IV • Canal system • Corals and coral reefs • Polymorphism in hydrozoa.
UNIT Ctenophora-affinities-Type study (Pleurobrachia). 5 V
Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER II: ANIMAL DIVERSITY I
Paper Code: ZOL 112
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours
UNIT Platyhelminthes and Nemathelminthes I Type Study: Taenia solium, Ascaris • Reproduction 9 • Parasitic Adaptations
UNIT Economic Importance of: II • Protozoa 9 • Corals and coral reefs • Helminths
UNIT Annelida III Type Study : Earthworm and Leech 9 • Coeloem • Excretory Sytem
UNIT Mollusca IV Type Study: Pila ,Unio and Sepia 10 Torsion And distorsion in Gastropods Economic Importance of Mollusca
UNIT Onychophora 8 V Affinities and Type Study Peripatus Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER III : Cell Biology Paper Code: ZOL 113
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours
UNIT Diversity of cell size and shape. I 7 Cell theory.
Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Cellular organelles-separation and characterization.
UNIT Cellular energy transactions- II 10 Role of mitochondria and chloroplasts.
Cell junctions. Cell adhesion, and the extracellular matrix.
Membrane transport of small molecules and the ionic basis of membrane excitability UNIT Intracellular compartments and protein sorting. III • Vesicular traffic in the secretory and endocytic 10 pathways (GERL System) • Cell signaling with reference to c-AMP and IP 3 DAG system
UNIT Cytoskeleton IV 6 Cell-division cycle. • The mechanics of cell division.
UNIT Tissues V • Epithelial tissues: Structure functions and types - 12 (a) simple epithelia-squamous. cuboidal. columnar, ciliated, pseudostratified (b) compound-stratified and transitional • Connective Tissues: Structure, function and types-
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
(a) Connective tissue-proper-areolar. adipose, white,fibrous, yellow elastic, reticular.mucous (b) Skeletal- cartilage (hyaline, fibrous and calcified cartilage) and bones (dried, decalcified and mammalian) (c) Vascular tissue: Structure, function and types- Blood (plasma and corpuscles) and lymph
• Nervous tissue: Structure, function and types -Myelinated and nonmyelinated • Muscular: Structure, function and types Visceral/smooth. Skeletal/ striated and cardiac Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
Paper IV: Biochemistry I Paper Code: ZOL 114
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours
Biochemistry UNIT • Meaning, history, scope and significance 7 I Basic Chemical Concepts: • Bonds and functional groups
UNIT Amino acids and peptides II • Properties and structure. 8
UNIT Carbohydrates III • Classification, structures and clinical significance 12 • Oxidation of glucose through glycolysis. Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation; • Elementary knowledge of interconversion of glycogen and glucose in liver: • Role of insulin.
UNIT Lipids IV • Classification, structures and clinical 10 significance. • Beta-oxidative pathways of fatty acids: • Brief account of biosynthesis of triglycerides. • Cholesterol and its metabolism
UNIT Vitamins V • Discovery, structures and functions. 8
Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
Suggested readings:
Conn et al : Outlines of Biochemistry (Wiley). Conn. Stumph RK. Bruening and Doc : Outlines of Biochemistry (Wiley). Davenport : An outline of animal development (Addison-Werley). De Robertis and DeRobertis : Cell and Molecular Biology (Saunders College) Edward Gasque : Manual of Laboratory L. Ed. In Cell Biology (W.C. Brown Publishers) Hyman. L.H : The Invertebrates. Vol.1 (McGraw Hill). Hyman. L.H : Th6 Invertebrates. Vol.11 (McGraw Hill). Lodish et al : Molecular Cell Biology (Scientific American Books.) Stryer. L : Biochemistry (Freeman). Invertebrate Zoology; Barns, R. D; W. B. Saunders Co. Textbook of Zoology; Shivpuri, Jacob, D. and Vyas. D.K.; Ramesh Book Depot. Text book of Invertebrate Zoology I; Sandhu, G.S; Campus Books. Text book of Invertebrate Zoology II; Sandhu, G.S ; Campus Books. Modern Textbook of Zoology Invertebrates; Kotpal; Rastogi Publications. Cell Biology and Genetics; Kohli, K.S;Ramesh Book Depot Genetics; Winchester, A.M; Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Cell and Molecular Biology; De Robertis and De Robertis; Saunders College. Cell Biology; Powar, C.B; Himalayan publishing House.
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER-V : PRACTICALS Paper Code: ZOL 115
Animal Diversity- I
Museum Specimens and Slides: • Protozoa: euglena; Trypanosoma; Giardia; Entamoeba; Elphodium; Foraminifeferan shell; Monocystis; Plasmodium; Paramecium; Paramecium showing binary fission and conjugation; Opalina; Nyctotherus; Balantidium; Vorticella. • Porifera: Leucosolenia; Euplectella; Spongilla.L.S. and T.S. of Sycon; Spongin fibres; Gemmules. • Coelenterata: Millipora; Physalia; Vallela; Aurelia; Alcyonium; Gorgonia; Pennatula; Sea Anemone; Stone coral; Obelia-Polyp& Medusa. • Ctenophora: Any one.
Animal Diversity- II Museum Specimens and Slides: • Platyhelminthes: Taenia; Planaria; Fasciola.,T.S. of Taenia through mature proglottid; Cysticerous. • Aschelminthes: Ascaris • Annelida: Nereis; Heteronereis; Aphrodite: Chaetopterous; Arenicola; Glossiphona; Pontobdella; Polygordius.,T.S. body of Nereis. • Onychophora: Peripatus • Mollusca: Chiton; Aplysia; Cyprnea; Mytillus; Pearl oyster; Dentalium; Loligo; Octopus; Nautilus.,V.S. shell; T.S. Gill of Pila; Glochidium.
Anatomy: • Earthworm : External features; General viscera; Alimentary canal; Nervous system; Reproductive system. • Pila: External features; Pillial organs; Nervous system.
Permanent Preparations : Gill lamella, Radula and T.S. ospharidium of Pila.
Microscopic Techniques: • Organization and working of optical microscopes: Dissecting and compound microscopes. • General methods of microscopically permanent preparations: Narcotization; Fixing and Preservation; Washing; Staining and Destaining, Dehydrations, Cearing and Decolourization; Mounting, General idea of composition, preparation and use of- 1. Fixatives: Formalin and Bouin's fluid 2. Stains: Borax carmine; Acetocarmine; Acetoorcein; Haematoxylin and Eosin.
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
Collection and Culture methods: • Collection of animals from their natural habitat during field trip e.g. Amoeba, Paramecium; Euglena; Planaria; Earthworm; Daphnia; Cyclops etc. • Culture of Paramecium in the laboratory and study of its structure, life processes and behaviour, collection and study of invertebrate parasites: Rectal ciliates of frog.
Cell Biology
Exercises of Cell Biology : • Squash preparation of the study of Mitosis in Onion root tip. • Squash preparation of the study of Meiosis in Grasshopper/ Cockroach testis. • Study of giant chromosomes in salivary gland of Chironomous/ Drosophila larva.
Biochemistry
Exercises of Biochemistry • Detection of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids in animal tissues. • Identification of mono, di and polysaccharides in the given samples. • Demonstration of principle of paper chromatography.
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
SEMESTER II
PAPER –I : BIOCHEMISTRY II Paper Code: ZOL 211
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours
UNIT Proteins 12 I • Classification, structural properties. • Essential and non-essential amino acids • Transformation of amino acids:Deamination. transamination. decarboxylation. • Synthesis of enzymatic protein and urea, fate of ammonia (ornithine cycle) • Fate of carbon skeleton.
UNIT II Nucleic acid and nucleotides • Structural properties and functions. 8
UNIT Nucleic Acid III • Catabolism and Biosynthesis 8
UNIT Nature of enzyme classification. IV • Co-enzymes.nd Co-factors. 10 • Inhibition (competitive, uncompetitive and noncompetitive). • Isoenzymes. • Factors contributing to catalytic efficiency.
UNIT V Mineral Metabolism: • Iodine. 7 • Iron. • Calcium. • Zinc
Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER II- ANIMAL DIVERSITY III Paper Code: ZOL 212
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours
UNIT Arthropoda I 12 • Crustacean larval worms • Vision in Arthropods • Metamorphoses in insects • Social life, • Mouth parts • Economic importance of insects
UNIT Comparative study of following in prawn, cockroach, II scorpion. Trilobites. 15 • Bloodvascular system • Reproductive system • Respiratory system • Excretion system
UNIT Principles and Practices of: III • Sericulture 5 • Lac culture • Apiculture
UNIT Economic Importance of Arthropoda : IV • Crustacea and larvae. 8 • Insect as parts ot human society and thier management UNIT Economic Importance of Mollusca including an outline 5 V idea of Pearl culture. Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER III– MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Paper Code: ZOL 213
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours
UNIT Genes and chromosomes I • Nature of generic material 10 • Central dogma Organization of DNA • Viral, • Bacterial and • Eukaryotic Palindromes, Split genes.
UNIT DNA replication II • General principles, enzymes and inhibitors. 8 DNA repair.
UNIT Transcription - basic details. III Protein biosynthesis - basic details. 10
UNIT Co-and post-translation modifications, inhibitors. IV Regulation of gene expression - general principles. 9
UNIT Gene transfer- V • General concepts, 8 • Genetic disorders, • Gene therapy.
Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER IV : GENETICS & BIOSTATISTICS Paper Code: ZOL 214
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours
UNIT Mendelian inheritance pattern I Laws of heredity. 7 Co-and incomplete dominance. Linkage and linkage maps.,
UNIT Varieties of gene expressions – II • Multiple alleles 12 • Lethal genes • Pleiotropic genes Gene interactions Transposons. Sex-chromosome systems an sex-linkage. Non-chromosomal inheritance.
UNIT Mutations and chromosomal alterations III Meiotic consequences. 10 Human genetics – • Chromosomal and single gene disorders; • Genetic counseling • Somatic cell genetics. Gene mapping and genome analysis.
UNIT Introduction, scope and application of Biostatistics IV Understanding the concepts of descriptive and inferential 8 statistics. Frequency distribution Graphical presentation of data
UNIT Mean. mode, median and their significance 8 V Standard deviation and standard error and their significance Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
Suggested readings:
Farnsworth : Genetics (Harper and Row). Conn et al : Outlines of Biochemistry (Wiley). Conn. Stumph RK. Bruening and Doc : Outlines of Biochemistry (Wiley). Davenport : An outline of animal development (Addison-Werley). De Robertis and DeRobertis : Cell and Molecular Biology (Saunders College) Edward Gasque : Manual of Laboratory L. Ed. In Cell Biology (W.C. Brown Publishers) Hyman. L.H : The Invertebrates. Vol.1 (McGraw Hill). Hyman. L.H : Th6 Invertebrates. Vol.11 (McGraw Hill). Lodish et al : Molecular Cell Biology (Scientific American Books.) Stryer. L : Biochemistry (Freeman). Invertebrate Zoology; Barns, R. D; W. B. Saunders Co. Textbook of Zoology; Shivpuri, Jacob, D. and Vyas. D.K.; Ramesh Book Depot. Text book of Invertebrate Zoology I; Sandhu, G.S; Campus Books. Text book of Invertebrate Zoology II; Sandhu, G.S ; Campus Books. Modern Textbook of Zoology Invertebrates; Kotpal; Rastogi Publications. Cell Biology and Genetics; Kohli, K.S;Ramesh Book Depot Genetics; Winchester, A.M; Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Cell and Molecular Biology; De Robertis and De Robertis; Saunders College. Stryer. L : Biochemistry (Freeman). Watson. J.D. et al ^Molecular Biology of the gene (Benzamin/Cummings). Wilson. EB : Cell in Development and inheritance (Macmillan)
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER-V : PRACTICALS Paper Code: ZOL 215
Animal Diversity- III
Museum Specimens and Slides: • Arthropoda: Limulus; Spider; Scorpion; Centepede; Millepede; Lepas; Balanus; Squilla; Eupagarus; Crab; Mantis; Apis; Locust; Bombyx; Beetle., Pediculus; Bedbug; Termite various types; Cyclos; Daphnia; Crustacean larvae.
Anatomy: • Cockroach: External features; Appendages; Mouthparts; Alimentary canal; Nervous system; Reproductive system. • Prawn: External features; Appendages; Alimentary canal; Nervous system.
Permanent Preparations : Hastate plate and Statocyst of Prawn, Salivary Gland and Trachea of Cockroach.
Genetics and Biostatistics
Exercises of Genetics: • Study of Drosophila: An idea about its culture and Lifecycle. • Identification of male and female Drosophila. • Identification of wild and mutant Drosophila- Yellow and Ebony body; Normal and Vestigeal wings; White and Red eyes etc. • Permanent preparation of sex comb of Drosophila • Identification of blood groups in Man.
Exercises of Biostatistics: • Exercises on mean, mode and median. • Construction of frequency table, pie chart, histogram and polygon. • Exercises on standard deviation and standard error.
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
SEMESTER-III
PAPER I :ANIMAL DIVERSITY IV Paper Code: ZOL 311
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours
UNIT Chordates I • Origin and general characters 7
UNIT Protochordates II • Classification upto orders. 10 • Interrelationships Structural organisation • Hemichordates. • Urochordates. Post embryonic development of Amphioxus UNIT Agnatha - Classification upto orders. III 8 UNIT Fishes IV • Classification upto orders 10 • Parental care • Respiratory organs • Migration • Pisciculture UNIT Amphibians V • Origin and evolution of land vertebrates 10 • Classification upto order • Parental care. Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER II : ANIMAL DIVERSITY V Paper Code: ZOL 312
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours
UNIT Reptiles I • Classification upto orders. 8 • Extinct reptiles. • Poisonous snakes of India UNIT Bird II • Migration, 6 • Principles of bird flight, • Origin
UNIT Palaeognathae and Neognathae III • Distribution and classification. 8 • Beaks and Claws. Poultry Keeping
UNIT Mammals – IV • Origin, classification and general characters. 7
UNIT Comparative anatomy of systems in Fishes, Amphibians , V Reptiles. Aves and Mammals. 16 • Integument. • Skeletal system • Digestive system. • Circulatory system. • Respiratory system, • Sensory organs. • Urinogenital system Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER III: PHYSIOLOGY I Paper Code: ZOL 314
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours
UNIT Aim and Scope of Physiology – I • Cell Physiology 8 • Mammalian physiology. • Comparative physiology and Applied physiology. Chemical foundations of physiology • solutions,osmotic pressure, diffusion. • pK and pH. • Buffers UNIT Physiology of Excretion: II • Kinds of nitrogenous excretory end-products 12 (ammonotelic. uricotelic and ureotelic): • Role of liver in the formation of these end products • Functional architecture of mammalian kidney tubule • Formation of urine • Hormonal regulation of water and electrolyte balance.
UNIT Blood III • Composition and function of Blood and lymph 9 • Blood groups • Blood coagulation • Structure and function of haemoglobin. UNIT Heart IV • Structure; origin, conduction and regulation of 10 heart beat • Cardiac cycle • ECG.
UNIT Peripheral circulation – V • Blood pressure 8 • Capillary pressure • Regulation.
Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER IV : PHYSIOLOGY II Paper Code: ZOL 314
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours
UNIT Respiration I • Mechanism and control of breathing. 8 • Concept of partial pressure of gases. • Bohr's Effect
UNIT Digestion and absorption of dietary components. II Nutritional requirements and disorders. 8
UNIT Physiology of Nerve Impulse and Reflex Action III • Functional architecture of a neuron 8 • Origin and propagation of nerve impulse, • Synaptic transmission • Spinal reflex arc • Central control of reflex action.
UNIT Physiology of Muscle Contraction IV • Functional architecture of skeletal muscle 6 • chemical and biophysical events during contraction and relaxation of muscle fibres.
UNIT Endocrine Glands. V 15 • Types • Their Secretions and Functions • Classification of Hormones • Brief account of structural ,histology of endocrine gland: Pituitary,adrenal, thyroid, islets of Langerhans. testis and ovary.
Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
Suggested readings: Alexander. R.M. : The Chordates (Cambridge University Press). Bhatia. A.L. : Biochemistry and Endocrinology. Indus Valley Publication. Eckert. R : Animal Physiology (W. H. Freeman). Ganong : Review of Medical Physiology (Lange). Monielty. A. R : The Chordates (Cambridge University Press). Waterman. A..I : Chordata - Structure and Function (Macmillan co.). Young. J.Z : Life of Vertebrates (Oxford University Press). Colbert’s evolution of the vertebrates; Colbert, E.H; John Wiley & Sons Text book of Chordate Zoology vol. II ; Sandhu, G.S. and Sandhu, G.S; Campus Books. Modern text book of Zoology-Vertebrates; Kotpal, Rastogi Publication. Vertebrate Zoology; Rastogi, V.B.; Ramnath & Kedarnath. A Textbook of Animal Physiology; Berry, A.K.; Emkay Publisher, Delhi Biochemistry and Endocrinology; Bhatia, A.L.; Indus valley Publication, Jaipur Animal Physiology; Bhatia, A.L and Kohli, K.S; Ramesh Book Depot ,Jaipur Text Book of Medical Physiology; Guyton, A.C; International student addition. Text Book of Medical Physiology; Chatterjea, M.N and Shinde, R.; Jaypee brothers.
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER-V : PRACTICALS Paper Code: ZOL 315
Animal Diversity- IV
Museum Specimens: • Hemichordata : Balanoglossus • Urochordata: Herdmania • Cephalochordata: Amphioxus • Agnathostomata: Myxine, Petromyzon • Pisces : Sphyrna, Torpedo, Pristis, Chimaera, Lung fish, Acipenser, Carp, Notopterous, Cat fish, Anguilla, Exocoetus, Hippocampus, Synaptura. • Amphibians: Ichthyophis, Ambystoma, Axolotle Larva, Alytes, Bufo, Rana Tigrana, Hyla. • Reptiles: Turtle, Tortoise, Shenodon, Hemidactylus, Draco, Heloderma, Iguana, Varanus, Uromastix, Chamaeleon, Python, Eryx, Bungarus, Naja Naja, Viper, Hydrophis, Crocodile, Alligator, Gravialis. • Birds: Ostrich, Emu, Kiwi, Rhea, Duck, Swan, Kite, Vulture, Peacock, House Sparrow, Crow, Wood pecker, Neelkanth, Owl, Parrot. • Mammals: Echidna, Ornithorhyncus, Macropus, Bat, Langur, Rhesus, Manis, Porcupin.
Osteology: Frog, Varanus, Bird and Rabbit.
Protochordata: T.S. Amphioxus through various regions .
Pisces: T.S. of Fish.
Mammalian Histology: Liver, Lung, Kidney, Testis, Ovary, Pancreas, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pituitary, T.S. Stomach, T.S. Duodenum, T.S. Intestine, Bone and Cartilage.
Dissections: Amphioxus- • Mounting: Velum, Oral hood. Scoliodon- • Eye muscles, Internal ear, Cranial nerves. • Mounting: Placoid Scales, Ampullae of Lorenzini. Labeo- • Cranial nerves • Mounting: Cycloid Scales
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
Rat- • Venous and Arterial systems, cranial and neck nerves. • Mounting: Stripped muscles. Physiology-I
Physiology: • Blood- Haemoglobin, Haematocrit, WBC and RBC Counting. • Blood Film- Identification of various types of Leucocytes.
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
SEMESTER IV
PAPER I : PHYSIOLOGY III Paper Code: ZOL 411
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours
UNIT Hormonal control : I • Male and female reproduction 8 • Implantation, • Parturition • Lactation in mammals.
UNIT Preliminary idea of neurosecretion II Hypothalamic control of pituitary function 9 Neuroendocrine mechanism of Insects
UNIT Thermo regulation: III • Physiological Processes. 12 • Cold Environment. • Hot Environment. • Poikilotherms and Homeotherms
UNIT Physiology of High altitude: IV • Acclimatization and Adaptations. 8 • Diseases due to High altitudes
UNIT Physiology of Diving: V • Basic outline 8 • Oxygen toxicity • Decompression sickness
Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER II : IMMUNOLOGY – I Paper Code: ZOL 412
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours UNIT Immunology I • Definition 7 • Types of immunity; innate and acquired: humoral and cell mediated. Antigen: Antigenicity of molecules, haptens.
UNIT Antibody II • Definition. (IgG. IgM. IgD. IgA and IgE) 8 • Outline idea of properties and function of each class of immunoglobulin. Antigen-antibody reactions • Precipitation reaction, • Agglutination reaction, • Neutralizing reaction, • Complement • Lytic reactions and phagocytosis.
UNIT Cells of Immunity III • Macrophages. 10 • Lymphocytes (B- and T- types). T.- Helper cells.T-killer cells, plasma cells and memory cells. MHC genes and gene products.
UNIT Mechanism of humoral or antibody mediated immunity. IV 12
UNIT Immunotolerance. Autoimmunity 8 V Hypersensitivity Cvtokines.
Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER III : BIOINFORMATICS& COMPUTER APPLICATIONS Paper Code: ZOL 413
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours
UNIT The Internet and the Biologists I The Gene bank sequence database 9
UNIT Structure data base II Sequence analysis using GCG 9 Information retrevial from Biological database NCBI data model Sequence Alignment and database searching Practical aspects of multiple sequence alignment Phylogenetic analysis
UNIT Predictive methods using Protein sequences III Predictive methods using Nucleotide sequences 9 Of Mice and Men: Navigating public physical mapping ACEDB:A database for genome information Submitting DNA sequence to the database
UNIT Basic Mathematics for biologist IV Matrices and vectors 9 Exponential functions. Periodic Functions Differential equations, Integration UNIT Computer Basics V MS-Office 9 Operating Systems(Unix and DOS) Hardware and Software Multimedia Network Concepts(LAN,WAN) Internet Web Servers, Web Access Security HTML,HTTP Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER IV: ETHOLOGY Paper Code: ZOL 414
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours
UNIT Introduction: I • Ethology as a branch of biology and its 9 significance Concepts of Ethology : • Fixed Action Pattern. • Action specific Energy. • Sign Stimulus. • Innate Releasing Mechanism, • Learning and Imprinting
UNIT II Methods of studying brain and behaviour • Neuroanatomical. 9 • Neurochemical • Neurophysiological. Feeding strategies among animals Brain and behaviour
UNIT Genetic and environmental components in the development III of behaviour 9 Communication: • Chemical • Visual. • Light. • Audio Learning : habituation. conditioning. Trial and error, latent, imprinting UNIT Social behavioural IV Cooperation 9 Reproductive behaviour • Evolution of sex and reproductive strategies • Mating systems • Courtship • Sexual selection • Parental care Biological rhythms
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
• Circadian and annual rhythms Taxes. Kineses Navigation &Migrations • fish and birds
UNIT Learning and memory V • Conditioning 9 • Habituation • Insight learning • Association learning • Reasoning • Cognitive skills Wildlife of Rajasthan and behaviour of few wild animals in their habitat and captivity.
Total Teaching Hours 45
Suggested readings:
Molecular Modeling for Beginners - by Alan Hinchliffe Molecular Modeling and Simulation - by Tamar Schlick Molecular Modeling - by Warren J. Hehre Naveen Prakash, Introduction to Database Management Systems, Tata McGraw Hill. Inntroduction to Computers Sternberg, M.J.E.: Protein structure prediction: a practical approach, 1996 Pain, R.G.: Mechanisms of protein folding, 1994 Leach.A.R: Molecular modelling: principles and applications Immunology; Kuby; W.H; Freeman Publications. Essential immunology; Roitt, I; ELBS. Animal Behaviour; Mathur, R.; Rastogi Publications, Meerut
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER-V : PRACTICAL Paper Code: ZOL 415
Immunology Blood Groups • ABO and Rh factor.
Computer Applications • Exercise Related to Ms-Word. • Exercise Related to Ms-Powerpoint • Exercise Related to Ms-Excel • Exercise Related to DOS • Exercise Related to Unix • Exercise Related to Multimedia • Exercise Related to Web Access • Exercise Related to HTML • Exercise Related to HTTP
Bioinformatics (As per the theory paper)
Ethology • To study the food preference and feeding behaviour of Tribolium. • To study the light response of Tribolium. • To study the process of learning in rats with the help of animal maze and analyse the result of the experiment. • To study the communication in Earthworm by chemical stimuli i.e. extruding a substance called “Pheromone” that can transmit message. • To study imprinting during critical period. • Study of social organization of Rhesus (Macaca mulata) and Langurs (Presbetis entellus). • To study the behaviour of animals (Experimental) • A visit to Zoo: To study the behaviour
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
SEMESTER V
PAPER I : ECOLOGY Paper Code: ZOL 511
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours
UNIT Aims and Scope of Ecology I Concepts of limiting factors 9 Ecosystem: Biotic and abiotic factors Biotic Factors: • Competition in nature - Intraspecific and interspecific. • Niche concept. • Predation and parasitism - concept, evolution of prey – predator strategies, evolution of parasitism, host parasite relationship: Commensalisms and mutualism
UNIT Ecosystem: II • Production, consumption and composition in an 9 ecosystem: • Concepts of food chain, food web. trophic structure • Ecological pyramids. Biogeochemical cycles of O 2. CO 2 H 2O, N2, P. role of microbes. Ecosystem: • Its homeostasis. • Functional aspects. • Productivity concepts and its determination. • Ecotone. • Edge Effects. • Niche UNIT Population Ecology: III • Populations - Characteristics, growth and its 9 analysis,regulation of densities. • Density and methods of its measurement, natality, mortality, age ratio & distribution, pyramids, fluctuation, biotic potential,
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
dispersal, growth forms population interactions and propagation. • Brief idea of demography Community Ecology: • Characteristics of natural Communities, structure, composition, stratification.
UNIT Ecological succession: IV • Types and Patterns, concept of climax. 9 • Details of xerosere and hydrosere successions Habitat Ecology: • Fresh water • Marine, • Terrestrial • Estuarine water UNIT Major biomes of the world: V • Desert. 9 • Grassland. • Tundra. • Temperate. • Tropical moist Forest and Seasonal forests. Ecology and Human Future: • Growth rate • Role of human kind in modifying natural communities Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER II: ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY Paper Code: ZOL 512 UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours UNIT Environment and its concepts I • Global environment. 9 • Hydrosphere. • Lithosphere. • Atmosphere • Biosphere Natural resources: Present status and future needs. Management of natural resources: Renewable (Forests. Wildlife. Water) and Nonrenewable (Water, soil, minerals and energy) UNIT Environmental pollution I: II • General outline and various types of pollutants. 9 • A detailed account of pollution of water, air and soil Environment pollution II: • Sources and remedies for thermal, noise, radiation, industrial chemicals, agrochemicals. insecticides and pesticides and household pollutants UNIT Greenhouse effect. III Ozone layer Depletion. 9 El Nino and La Nina Effects Radiation and Environment: • Types of Radiation. • Fall out. • Effects of Radiation. • Nuclear Accident Basic concepts of bioaccumulation. biomagnifications. biodegradation of pollutants. UNIT Wild Life Conservation: Vanishing and threatened animals and plants with IV special reference to Rajasthan. 9 Wildlife management efforts by Government and Non Government Organizations Impact of Urbanization: Development and distribution of urban centers. UNIT Problems and the solutions of urbanization: V • Brief idea of Human Population with special reference to India and Rajasthan Space ecology: • Space problems and their solutions • Space ecosystem • Space colonization I Sustainable Environment Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER III: DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY Paper Code: ZOL 513
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours
UNIT Gametogenesis- I • Spermatogenesis • Oogenesis. vitellogenesis. egg membranes. 9 Fertilization – • Sperm-egg interactions • Biochemical events • Post fertilization events. Parthenogenesis.
UNIT Types of animal eggs II Patterns of cleavage 9 Germ layers, Gastrulation. fate maps and cell lineage. Extra embryonic membranes Types and physiology of placenta. Organizer concept, induction process.
UNIT Organogenesis III • Heart 9 • Kidney • Nervous system • Sense organs. Post-embryonic developments - insects and amphibians.
UNIT Regeneration in invertebrates and vertebrates IV Development of immune system in vertebrates. 9 Various types of stem cells and their applications (with special reference to embryonic stem cells)
UNIT Cloning of animals. V • Nuclear Embryonic Transfer Technique, 9 • Nuclear Transfer Technique • Embryonic or Therapeutic clone. Teratological effects of Xenobiotics. Ageing - concepts and models. Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER IV: EVOLUTION Paper Code: ZOL 514
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours UNIT Concept of Evolution. I Origin of Life on Earth. 9 Origin of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. UNIT Variations II Mutations 9 Recombination Ploidy. Isolation. Natural selection Concept of species and speciation. UNIT Molecular phylogeny III Phylogeny of horse. 9 Mimicrv UNIT Polymorphism IV Population genetics. 9 • Genetic Drift. • Hardy-Weinberg Law. Macro and microevolution: Evolution of Man. UNIT Zoogeography - V • Principles concepts of parallelism, 9 endemism etc. • Factors influencing animal distribution. • Zoogeographical realms and faunal peculiarities. • Evolution of realms. • Plate tectonics and continental drifts. Total Teaching Hours 45
Suggested readings: Fundamentals of ecology; Odum.E.P.; W.B.Saunders, New Delhi. Environmental management; Bandhu, D; India Environment society, New Delhi Principles of Wildlife management; James, A. Bailey; John Wiley & sons Environmental Science,Santra S.C.,New Cental Book Agency Pvt Ltd.,Kolkata Environmental Science ,Cunningham Developmental biology; Gilbert, S.F; Sinauer associates Inc.Massachusetts . Fundamentals of ecology; Odum, E.P.; W.B.Saunders, New Delhi. Environmental Biology; Verma P.S. & Agarwal U.K; S. Chand &Co. NewDelhi Introduction to evolution; Moody.
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER-V : PRACTICAL Paper Code: ZOL 515
Ecology and Environmental Biology
Analysis of Environmental components • Soil pH • Water analysis: pH, alkalinity, acidity, dissolved O2 and free CO2. • Salinity(Chlorides) • Study of phyto and zooplanktons in a given water sample. • Quantitative estimation of zooplanktons.
Developmental Biology
Study of Frog/ Toad development with the help of: • Prematerial available: egg, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, neurula, tail bud, mature tadpole larva, metamorphic stages, froglet/ toadlet. • Histological slides: Cleavage, Blastula, gastrula, neurula, tail bud. • Study of living tadpole larva and its metamorphic stages.
Study of Chick development: • Whole mount:18, 21,24,33,48,72 and 96 hrs of incubation period embryo. • If possible primitive streak stage in living embryo after removal of the blastoderm from the egg may be demonstrated • Study of the embryo at various stages of incubation in vivo by making a window in the egg shell may also be demonstated. • Study of various foetal envelops in a 10-12 day old chick embryo(amnion, chorion, allantois, yolk sac)
Evolution
Simple Numericals based on population genetics.
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
SEMESTER VI PAPER I : MICROBIOLOGY Paper Code: ZOL 611
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours
UNIT The scope and history of microbiology I Major characteristics of microorganisms. 9 Microbial classification, nomenclature and identification.
UNIT Bacteria II • Morphology, fine structures, cultivation, reproduction and 9 growth, pure culture and characteristics. • Bacterial nucleic acids.
UNIT The world of Bacteria. III • Ordinary. Gram negative bacteria. 9 • Ordinary Gram positive bacteria. • Bacteria with unusual properties. • Gram positive filamentous bacteria.
UNIT Microorganisms IV • General characteristics of fungi (molds and 9 yeast) algae ,protozoa, viruses.
UNIT V Medical Zoology • Brief introduction to pathogenic microbes, 9 viruses. Rickettsia.Spirochetes and bacteria.
Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER II: APPLIED ZOOLOGY-II Paper Code: ZOL 612
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours
UNIT Brief accounts of life history, mode of infection and I pathogenicity 9 • Entamoeba. • Trypanosoma. • Leishmania. • Plasmodium. • Wucheria and • Dracunculus
UNIT II Arthropods as vectors of Human diseases • Malaria. 9 • Dengue. • Filariasis. • Japanese encephalitis • Plague UNIT Insects pest of economically important crops III Household insects 9 Rat menace and its control Mites and ticks Vermiculture UNIT Pisciculture IV • Edible fresh water fishes 9 • Fish Diseases • Economic importance of fish UNIT V Dairy farming Leather industry 9 Wool industry Pharmaceuticals from animals Total Teaching Hours 45
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER III: BIOTECHNOLOGY & ITS APLICATIONS Paper Code: ZOL 613
UNITS TOPICS Teaching Hours UNIT Bacteria and genetic engineering (outline idea only); I Benefits of genetic engineering 12 Potential hazards and regulations of genetic engineering. Enzymology of genetic engineering: • Restriction enzymes. • DNA ligase. • Polymerase etc. Monoclonal antibodies and their applications. Analysis and expression of cloned gene in host cells: Restriction enzyme analysis. Southern blotting. Northern blotting. In-situ hybridization. PCR (polymerase chain reaction). DNA fingerprinting UNIT Protoplast fusion in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. II Recombinant DNA technology and its application. 9 Cloning Vehicles: • Plasmids. • Cosmids. • Lambda phage. • Charon phage. • Shuttle vectors • DNA plasmids. • Yeast plasmids. UNIT Introduction of cloned genes into the host cells III • Transformation, 10 • Transduction. • Transgenic animals, their uses and biotechnology. Brief account of cloning: Genomic research-its advantages and disadvantages. Biotechnology in Medicine (outline idea only): • P.C.R. (Gene-machine) • Antibiotics • Vaccines • Enzymes • Vitamins. • Steroids. • Artificial Blood. UNIT Environmental Biotechnology (outline idea only): IV • Metal and petroleum recovery 7
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
• Pest control • Waste-water treatment.
UNIT Food. Drink and Dairy Biotechnology (outline idea only): 7 V • Fermented food production • Dairy products • Alcoholic beverage's and vinegar • Microbial spoilage and food preservation Total Teaching Hours 45
Suggested readings: Molecular Biotechnology. Glick B.R.& Pasternak J. J; ASM Press. Principles of gene manipulation; An introduction to genetic engineering; Old, R.W & Primrose, S.B; Blackwell Science. Elementary biotechnology, Gupta, P.K; Rastogi Puplications; Meerut. Economic Zoology ,Biostatitics and Animal behaviour,Shukla.Mathur.Upadhyay.Prasad,Rastogi Publication,Meerut Economic Zoology ,Shukla. Upadhyay.Rastogi Publication,Meerut Molecular Biology of the gene; Watson J.D.; Benzamin/ Cummings.
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
Paper IV: Project Paper Code : ZOL 614
Objectives:
• To orient the student to the techniques of documentation.
The student will be required to prepare and submit a Project Report or Term Paper, requiring two hours per week of self- study outside the class. There will be evaluation by a panel of examiners at the end of the Semester. The evaluation will comprise of presentation of the project as well as viva-voce.
Department of Zoology International College for Girls ( Autonomous)
PAPER-V : PRACTICAL Paper Code: ZOL 615
Molecular Biology & Biotechnology
Restriction digestion of DNA Agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA Separation of amino acids on paper & thin layer chromatography
Microbiology: Principle and working of equipments used in biotechnology laboratory (SDS-PAGE apparatus, horizontal DNA Electrophoresis chamber, Laminar Airflow, Autoclave, Incubator, pH meter, Homogenizer, Ascending and Descending Chromatographic chamber, Thin Layer Chromatographic Apparatus ,Microtome) Preparation and use culture media for microbes
Study of microbes in food material(curd, milk rotten fruits and vegetables)
Educational tour to any Microbiology lab (Food processing factory, Distillery, Dairy etc.) Candidates will have to submit a report on it.
Applied Zoology
As per theory
Department of Zoology