OPERKULUM: BAGIAN KUNCI UNTUK Identiflkasigastropoda YANG SERING TERABAIKAN

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

OPERKULUM: BAGIAN KUNCI UNTUK Identiflkasigastropoda YANG SERING TERABAIKAN Oseana, Volume XXXVln, Nomor I,Tahun 2013: 1- 14 ISSN 0216-1877 OPERKULUM: BAGIAN KUNCI UNTUK IDENTIFlKASIGASTROPODA YANG SERING TERABAIKAN Oleb Ucu Yanu Arbi') ABSTRACT OPERCULUM: KEY CHARACl'ER FOR GASTROPODS IDENTIFICATION THAT IS OFfEN OVERLOOKED. Gastropodshave bodyparts that can be used as key characters for identification. A special character which isfound only in gastropods, one of which is the operculum. Operculum shows a similarity to the shell, and there is a possibility of an evolutionary link between these secretory organs. The growth of operculum is following the growth of the shell, so the size of the operculum remains proportional to the size of the aperture. The type and form of operculum are used to assist the identification and classification to species level. The most important function of the operculum is to keep water in the body as well as a protection device against predators when the body is inside the shelf., , Op. erculum of the gastropods often utilized by humans for making several kinds of materials. Evolutionary development of operculum morphology can be evidenced from the analysis of fossils. PENDAHULUAN sebaliknya semakin banyak perberbedaan karakter yang dimiliki maka hubungan ldentifikasi makhluk hidup secara kekerabatannya semakin jauh. konvensional awaJnya dilakukan dengan cara Kelas Gastropoda memiliki bagian• membandingkan aspek morfologi dan anatomi, bagian tubuh yang dijadikan sebagai karakter yaitu membandingkan bagian-bagian tubub dari untuk kunci identifikasi. Beberapa bagian tubuh makhluk hidup yang diidentiflkasi. Persamaan bahkan merupakan karakter khusus yang banya dan perbedaan yang muneul antar jenis makhluk dimiliki oleh Kelas Gastropoda, salah satunya hidup akhimya rnenjadi dasar pengklasifikasian, adalah operkulum. Posisi operkulum pada membagi makhluk hidup ke dalam beberapa Gastropoda ditunjukkan pada Gambar I. kelompok, filum, kelas, ordo, famili dan Operkulum, yang berarti tutup kecil (jamak: seterusnya sampai ke tingkat jenis. Semakin opercula) adalah struktur berkapur pada banyak banyak karakter yang sama maka memiliki jenis (tidak semua) Gastropoda. Hampir semua hubungan kekerabatan yang semakin dekat, dan siput Pulmonata bersifat inoperculate, yaitu I) UPT Loka Konservasi Biota Laut, Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi-LIP1, Bitung tidak memiliki operkulum, keeuali pada Famili Tulisan ini merupakan sebuah tinjauan Amphiboloidea. Namun, beberapa spesies yang dirangkum dari berbagai sumber. Penulis Pulmonata terestrial mampu mensekresi suatu meneoba memberikan informasi mengenai epiphragm, yaitu struktur sementara yang daJam pentingnya peranan operkulum baik bagi beberapa kasus dapat memiliki fungsi yang sarna kehidupan Gastropoda dan untuk kepentingan seperti operkulum. Epiphragm dapat dibedakan identifikasi jenis Gastropoda, dengan harapan dari operkulum dalamhal homogenitas dan tanda dapat menjadi tambahan pengetahuan tentang pertumbuhan (Cbeca & Jimenez-Jimenez, 1998. peranan operkulum. Gambar I. Terminologi Gastropoda seeara umum yang menunjukkan bahwa operkuJum merupakan bagian penting dari Gastropoda (Sumber: Koleksi pribadi). STRUKTUR ANATOMI DAN MORFOLOGl dalam operkulum, seperti decapentaplegic OPERKUUJM (OPP) dan grainyhead. Bukti lain menunjukkan bahwa OPP memiliki peran kunei dalam Operkulum menunjukkan kemiripan pengembangan operkulum. Berdasarkan dengan eangkang, kemungkinan terdapat pengamatan, bahwa OPP penting bagi hubungan evolusi antara kedua organ pengembangan cangkang dan operkulum, dan sekretorik tersebut, Hashimoto et al. (2012) OPP di bagian posterior kakimemiliki kontribusi menemukan bahwa beberapa gen yang terlibat terbadap inovasi dari operkulum. Bentuk dasar dalam pembentukan eangkang juga terdapat operkulum ditunjukkan pada Gambar 2. 2 Gambar2. OperkuJumMarstonia comalensis sebagai contob operkulum yang memiliki bentuk anatomi dasar seperti cangkang (Kaim & Sztajner, 2005). Struktur cangkang dan operkulum dari Lapisan luar adalah struktur homolog. Keluarga Nerita {Theliostylaj albicilla dan Cinnalepeta neritopsine dikategorikan ke dalam kelompok pulchella digambarkan dan dibandingkan cangkang empat lapis (NeritiIiidae,Neritidae, dan dengan anggota yang masih ada lainnya PbenacoJepadidae) dan keJompok cangkang tiga Neritopsina. Cangkang N. (1'.) albiclilla terdiri lapis (keJuarga lain). Sebaliknya, struktur dari empat lapisan: lapisan terluar prismatik, operkulum merupakan variabel nyata di diikuti oleb lapisan silang-lamelar sederbana, Neritopsina, dan sedikit korelasi yang dapat myostracum, dan lapisan daJam silang-lameLar dibentuk dalam menerangkan evolusi filogenetik kompleks. Operkulum terdiri dari tiga lapisan atau adaptasi (Sasaki, 200 1). Salah satu struktur prismatik diendapkan pada kedua sisi lapisao operkulum yang telah diteliti adalam operkulum organik. C. pulchella juga memiliki cangkang dari Neritopsis radula yang ditunjukkan pada empat lapis, tetapi tidak memiliki operkulum. Gambar3. 3 Gambar 3. Mikrostruktur operkulum Neritopsis radula dari Mauritius, Sarnudera Hindia. A) Bagian daJarnoperkulum yang mengalami kalsifikasi; B) Bagian dalarn yang mengalami kalsifikasi diselubungi bagian aragonitik; C) Aragonitik, bagian luar prismatik-berserat; D) Perbatasan antara aragonitik, bagian luar prisma-berserat dan bagian pertama yang mengalami kalsifikasi, bagian dalarn prismatik-komposit;E) Bagian pertama yang mengalami kalsifikasi, bagian dalam prismatik-kornposit; F) Bagian pertama yang mengalarni kalsifikasi, bagian dalarn prismatik-kornposit dan bagian dalam prismatik-berserat kedua yang dibatasi oleh lapisan organik; 0) Bagian dalam prismatik-berserat yang mengalarni kalsifikasi kedua; H) Permukaan lapisan organik dengan ujung prisma (Kaim & Sztajner, 2005). OperkuIurnmelekat pada akhir dari otot tersebut. Dalam banyak spesies dari siput taut columellar dengan punggung lempeng opercular bercangkang yang hidup pada zona subtidal; rnengarah ke permukaan atas dari bag ian ukuran operkulum umumnya tereduksi menjadi belakang kaki. Pertumbuhao operkulum kecil, dan tidak lagi berfungsi untuk menutup mengikuti pertumbuhan ukuran cangkang, aperture. Bahkan dalam sejumlah famiListruktur sehingga ukuran operkulum tetap sebanding operkulum telah teJah benar-benar tereduksi deogan ukuran aperture (bukaan cangkang). sepenuhnya. Pada banyak spesies, ketika hewan tersebut aktif Menurut Kaim & Sztajner (2005) dua dan merangkak, bagian dari bawah cangkang tipe dasar operkulum daJamhal komposisi bahan terletak pada permukaan luar operkulum penyusunnya: 4 1. Jenisyang paling umum dati ope:rkulum tipis genus Purpura, Xenophora, dan terdiri dari bahan protein corneous agak Paludomus. tebal, yang berwarna kuning sampai • Berbentuk cakar atau unguiculate: inti kecoklatan dan biasanya agak tembus, apikal atau di depan, seperti pada genus lentur, tetapi mungkin menjadi rapuh ketika Turbinella dan Fusus; dan yang berbentuk kering. Bentuknya bervariasi, tergantung cakar dan bergerigi, seperti pada Strombus. pada kelompok siput dan bentuk bukaan • Spiral: twnbuh hanya pada satu sisi dan cangkangnya. berputar seperti tumbuh, selalu sinistral 2 Jenis lain dari operkulum terbatas pada pada kulit dextral. beberapa famHi, misal Turbinidae, yang • Paucispiral atau O)igog}'TOUS:sedikitspiral, memiliki basis corneous berkapur yang pada genus Littorina. pejal. Permukaan berkapur dalam beberapa • Subspiral atau bampir spiral: pada genus f3mili meniliki wama atau omamen misalnya Thiara. berupa pustula dan alur cangkang. • Multispiral atau polygyrous: memiliki struktur spiral berjarak dekat denganjumlah VARIASI BEN1lJK OPERKULUM banyak, kadang-kadang sampai dna puluh, Jenis dan bentulc operkulum dimana jumlab putaran pada operkulum digunakan untuk membantu mengidentifikasi tidak dipengaruhi oleh jumlah whorl dan mengkJasifikasikan grup terkait (genus), eangkang, tetapi oleh kelengkungan babkan sampai Icetingkat spesies. Variasi bentuk aperture, seperti pada genus Trochus. struktur operkulum dapat digambarkan sebagai • Terartikulasi: ketika memiliki proyeksi, berikut: seperti pada genus Nerita. • Konsentris: intinya sebagai pusat atau • Terpancar: merupakan modifikasi dari subcentral, seperti pada genus operkulum terartikulasi di mana bentuk Lithoglyphus dan Ampul/aria, dan inti spiral tidak begitu jelas, seperti pada genus lainnya dekat margin parietal dati cangkang. Navicella. • Terimbrikasi atau pipih: tumbuh banya pada satu sisi dengan inti marjinal, seperti pada Gambar 4. Variasi bentuk dasar operkulum pada Gastropoda (Kaim & Sztajner, 2(05). 5 Jika diklasifikasikan secara morfo• Dari bukti morfologi, sistematika, dan genetik, operkulum dibedakan menjadi tigajenis bistologi menunjukkan babwa operkulum spiral utama: (1) spiral jlexic/audent (kebanyakan flexiclaudent sebagai bentuk leluhur, Hal ini multispiral), bentuk yang tidak bertepatan mengarah pada model "periostracum" dengan aperture, (2) spiral rigiclaudent Prosobranchia untuk menjelaskan asal-usul (biasanya paucispiral), bentuk yang cocok operkulum. Menurut model ini, dalam dengan aperture, (3) rigiclaudent konsentris, Gastropoda trochospiralawal periostracum itu yang juga pas dengan aperture. Jenis pertama tidak lagi memerankan fimgsi forrnasi cangkang pas dengan aperture apabiJa diregangkan pada sabuk yang tumpang tindih di antara whorl (tleksibel) dan dikeluarkan ketika bagian lunak (band parietal). Band periostracal kemudian yang sebagian atau seluruhnya menjuiur. Dua diekstrusi dari cangkang untuk membentuk jenis lainnya tidak lentur pada retraksi dan operkulum baru, membentuk strip melingkar operkulum
Recommended publications
  • WMSDB - Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base
    WMSDB - Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base Family: TURBINIDAE Author: Claudio Galli - [email protected] (updated 07/set/2015) Class: GASTROPODA --- Clade: VETIGASTROPODA-TROCHOIDEA ------ Family: TURBINIDAE Rafinesque, 1815 (Sea) - Alphabetic order - when first name is in bold the species has images Taxa=681, Genus=26, Subgenus=17, Species=203, Subspecies=23, Synonyms=411, Images=168 abyssorum , Bolma henica abyssorum M.M. Schepman, 1908 aculeata , Guildfordia aculeata S. Kosuge, 1979 aculeatus , Turbo aculeatus T. Allan, 1818 - syn of: Epitonium muricatum (A. Risso, 1826) acutangulus, Turbo acutangulus C. Linnaeus, 1758 acutus , Turbo acutus E. Donovan, 1804 - syn of: Turbonilla acuta (E. Donovan, 1804) aegyptius , Turbo aegyptius J.F. Gmelin, 1791 - syn of: Rubritrochus declivis (P. Forsskål in C. Niebuhr, 1775) aereus , Turbo aereus J. Adams, 1797 - syn of: Rissoa parva (E.M. Da Costa, 1778) aethiops , Turbo aethiops J.F. Gmelin, 1791 - syn of: Diloma aethiops (J.F. Gmelin, 1791) agonistes , Turbo agonistes W.H. Dall & W.H. Ochsner, 1928 - syn of: Turbo scitulus (W.H. Dall, 1919) albidus , Turbo albidus F. Kanmacher, 1798 - syn of: Graphis albida (F. Kanmacher, 1798) albocinctus , Turbo albocinctus J.H.F. Link, 1807 - syn of: Littorina saxatilis (A.G. Olivi, 1792) albofasciatus , Turbo albofasciatus L. Bozzetti, 1994 albofasciatus , Marmarostoma albofasciatus L. Bozzetti, 1994 - syn of: Turbo albofasciatus L. Bozzetti, 1994 albulus , Turbo albulus O. Fabricius, 1780 - syn of: Menestho albula (O. Fabricius, 1780) albus , Turbo albus J. Adams, 1797 - syn of: Rissoa parva (E.M. Da Costa, 1778) albus, Turbo albus T. Pennant, 1777 amabilis , Turbo amabilis H. Ozaki, 1954 - syn of: Bolma guttata (A. Adams, 1863) americanum , Lithopoma americanum (J.F.
    [Show full text]
  • CAMUS PATRICIO.Pmd
    Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía Vol. 48, Nº3: 431-450, diciembre 2013 DOI 10.4067/S0718-19572013000300003 Article A trophic characterization of intertidal consumers on Chilean rocky shores Una caracterización trófica de los consumidores intermareales en costas rocosas de Chile Patricio A. Camus1, Paulina A. Arancibia1,2 and M. Isidora Ávila-Thieme1,2 1Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Casilla 297, Concepción, Chile. [email protected] 2Programa de Magister en Ecología Marina, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Casilla 297, Concepción, Chile Resumen.- En los últimos 50 años, el rol trófico de los consumidores se convirtió en un tópico importante en la ecología de costas rocosas de Chile, centrándose en especies de equinodermos, crustáceos y moluscos tipificadas como herbívoros y carnívoros principales del sistema intermareal. Sin embargo, la dieta y comportamiento de muchos consumidores aún no son bien conocidos, dificultando abordar problemas clave relativos por ejemplo a la importancia de la omnivoría, competencia intra-e inter-específica o especialización individual. Intentando corregir algunas deficiencias, ofrecemos a los investigadores un registro dietario exhaustivo y descriptores ecológicos relevantes para 30 especies de amplia distribución en el Pacífico sudeste, integrando muestreos estacionales entre 2004 y 2007 en 4 localidades distribuidas en 1.000 km de costa en el norte de Chile. Basados en el trabajo de terreno y laboratorio,
    [Show full text]
  • The Nautilus
    THE NAUTILUS Volume 120, Numberl May 30, 2006 ISSN 0028-1344 A quarterly devoted to malacology. EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Dr. Douglas S. Jones Dr. Angel Valdes Florida Museum of Natural History Department of Malacology Dr. Jose H. Leal University of Florida Natural Histoiy Museum The Bailey-Matthews Shell Museum Gainesville, FL 32611-2035 of Los Angeles County 3075 Sanibel-Captiva Road 900 Exposition Boulevard Sanibel, FL 33957 Dr. Harry G. Lee Los Angeles, CA 90007 MANAGING EDITOR 1801 Barrs Street, Suite 500 Dr. Geerat Vermeij Jacksonville, FL 32204 J. Linda Kramer Department of Geology Shell Museum The Bailey-Matthews Dr. Charles Lydeard University of California at Davis 3075 Sanibel-Captiva Road Biodiversity and Systematics Davis, CA 95616 Sanibel, FL 33957 Department of Biological Sciences Dr. G. Thomas Watters University of Alabama EDITOR EMERITUS Aquatic Ecology Laboratory Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 Dr. M. G. Harasewych 1314 Kinnear Road Department of Invertebrate Zoology Bruce A. Marshall Columbus, OH 43212-1194 National Museum of Museum of New Zealand Dr. John B. Wise Natural History Te Papa Tongarewa Department oi Biology Smithsonian Institution P.O. Box 467 College of Charleston Washington, DC 20560 Wellington, NEW ZEALAND Charleston, SC 29424 CONSULTING EDITORS Dr. James H. McLean SUBSCRIPTION INFORMATION Dr. Riidiger Bieler Department of Malacology Department of Invertebrates Natural History Museum The subscription rate per volume is Field Museum of of Los Angeles County US $43.00 for individuals, US $72.00 Natural History 900 Exposition Boulevard for institutions. Postage outside the Chicago, IL 60605 Los Angeles, CA 90007 United States is an additional US $5.00 for surface and US $15.00 for Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of the United States National Museum
    . LIST OF SHELLS COLLECTED ON THE WEST COAST OF SOUTH 8- AMERICA. PRINCIPALLY BETWEEN LATITUDES 7 30 S . AND 49 N , BY DR. W. H JONES. SURGEON, U S NAVY. BY * Roi'.ERT E. C. Stfarns, AdjHHit Curator of the Dr^arlmfnt of AMlusks. In tin* yt'ar l.s,sj ti,,. national colUrtion was enricln-d by the acMition N\ of various iiiuttMial cnllrcii'd hy Dr. H. .lonr.s, of the U. S. Navy, wliilf conni'ctvd with tin' W S. S. Wavhmntt. This acceptable contri- bution to the MusfUMi mchnled an intiTe.stin;; e«>lh'»'tion of nudlu.scan forms oblaiiH'd h\ Dr. .lones at various jjoints on the west coast of South, Central, an«l North America, and at the (Jalapajjos Islands. Thou;,'h a jjreat part of the shells were i)ick«'d up on the beaches and in pot>r comlition, yet so limitctl is our knowU-d^'e of the distributicui of west St)Uth Anu*rican species that the ctdlection has its special value for the information it furnishes upon this point. The pre|»an»tion for the exhibit of mollusksat the New Orleans lOxposition and the pressure (»f <Mirrent loutine work has been such as to «lelay the compilation of this list at an earlier da,\ Dr. Jones collected in the Near i^^t, at the followin^' |»laces, at the dates jjiven in hi.s notes, as folh>ws : Stevens Hay, Chatham Island, (lalapapos jjroup, in August; also at Manta ant! Hahia (Hahia ranguapi), ICcuador, in the snnu^ uiiuith; at I'ayta.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Benthic Marine Mollusks of the Strait of Magellan, Chile
    ZooKeys 963: 1–36 (2020) A peer-reviewed open-access journal doi: 10.3897/zookeys.963.52234 DATA PAPER https://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Diversity of benthic marine mollusks of the Strait of Magellan, Chile (Polyplacophora, Gastropoda, Bivalvia): a historical review of natural history Cristian Aldea1,2, Leslie Novoa2, Samuel Alcaino2, Sebastián Rosenfeld3,4,5 1 Centro de Investigación GAIA Antártica, Universidad de Magallanes, Av. Bulnes 01855, Punta Arenas, Chile 2 Departamento de Ciencias y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Magallanes, Chile 3 Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile 4 Laboratorio de Ecosistemas Marinos Antárticos y Subantárticos, Universidad de Magallanes, Chile 5 Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Santiago, Chile Corresponding author: Sebastián Rosenfeld ([email protected]) Academic editor: E. Gittenberger | Received 19 March 2020 | Accepted 6 June 2020 | Published 24 August 2020 http://zoobank.org/9E11DB49-D236-4C97-93E5-279B1BD1557C Citation: Aldea C, Novoa L, Alcaino S, Rosenfeld S (2020) Diversity of benthic marine mollusks of the Strait of Magellan, Chile (Polyplacophora, Gastropoda, Bivalvia): a historical review of natural history. ZooKeys 963: 1–36. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.963.52234 Abstract An increase in richness of benthic marine mollusks towards high latitudes has been described on the Pacific coast of Chile in recent decades. This considerable increase in diversity occurs specifically at the beginning of the Magellanic Biogeographic Province. Within this province lies the Strait of Magellan, considered the most important channel because it connects the South Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. These characteristics make it an interesting area for marine research; thus, the Strait of Magellan has histori- cally been the area with the greatest research effort within the province.
    [Show full text]
  • Epipodium Morphology of Prisogaster Niger (Mollusca: Vetigastropoda): Revealing Potential Autapomorphies of Diagnostic Value for the Prisogasterinae
    Int. J. Morphol., 30(2):541-545, 2012. Epipodium Morphology of Prisogaster niger (Mollusca: Vetigastropoda): Revealing Potential Autapomorphies of Diagnostic Value for the Prisogasterinae Morfología del Epipodio de Prisogaster niger (Mollusca: Vetigastropoda): Revelando Autapomorfías Potenciales de Valor Diagnóstico para Prisogasterinae *Gonzalo A. Collado; *Marco A. Méndez & **Donald I. Brown COLLADO, G. A.; MÉNDEZ, M. A. & BROWN, D. I. Epipodium morphology of Prisogaster niger (Mollusca: Vetigastropoda): revealing potential autapomorphies of diagnostic value for the Prisogasterinae. Int. J. Morphol., 30(2):541-545, 2012. SUMMARY: In this work the epipodium morphology of the marine snail Prisogaster niger is described. In this gastropods the epipodium includes a complex of structures among which the neck lobes, epipodial ridge, epipodial tentacles and epipodial papillae constitute the most remarkable characters. Although these features are commonly found among trochoidean taxa, the observation of the epipodium, compared with the literature, revealed potential autapomorphic characters of diagnostic value for the genus and the subfamily Prisogasterinae, like epipodial lamellae and epipodial tuft. KEY WORDS: Gastropoda; Turbinidae; Epipodial organs; Morphological characters. INTRODUCTION Prisogaster niger (Wood, 1828) is a common marine data have contributed to resolve the systematic position of snail found along the southwest coast of South America from Prisogaster-Prisogasterinae with de redefinition of the Paita, Perú, to the Straits of Magellan, Chile (Marincovich, family Turbinidae (Williams & Ozawa, 2006; Williams et 1973; Osorio et al., 1979; Ramírez, 1981; Alamo al., 2008). &Valdivieso, 1987). The species has ecological importance in rocky shore communities considering its role as a grazer The epipodium, a complex of sensory structures of algal communities (Vásquez & Vega, 2004) and being located on the dorsal portion of the foot under the shell prey for higher vertebrates (Sabat et al., 2003).
    [Show full text]
  • Domestic Life During the Late Intermediate Period at El Campanario Site, Huarmey Valley, Peru
    University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School July 2020 Domestic Life during the Late Intermediate Period at El Campanario Site, Huarmey Valley, Peru Jose Luis Peña University of South Florida Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons Scholar Commons Citation Peña, Jose Luis, "Domestic Life during the Late Intermediate Period at El Campanario Site, Huarmey Valley, Peru" (2020). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/8478 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Domestic Life during the Late Intermediate Period at El Campanario Site, Huarmey Valley, Peru by Jose Luis Peña A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Applied Anthropology Department of Anthropology College of Art and Sciences University of South Florida Major Professor: Robert H. Tykot, Ph.D. E. Christian Wells, Ph.D. Nancy White, Ph.D. David Chicoine, Ph.D Mary Glowacki, Ph.D. Date of Approval: April 7, 2020 Keywords: household, pottery analysis, Andes, identity Copyright 2020, Jose L. Peña DEDICATION I dedicated this dissertation to my beloved wife Patti Peña for her constant support and patience during this incredible journey, and to my twins, Christian and Anna, for their constant love and hugs in times when I need them the most.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Pliocene Mollusk Fauna from Mejillones, Northern Chile Sven N
    A new Pliocene mollusk fauna from Mejillones, northern Chile Sven N. Nielsen Paläontologische Zeitschrift Scientific Contributions to Palaeontology ISSN 0031-0220 Volume 87 Number 1 Paläontol Z (2013) 87:33-66 DOI 10.1007/s12542-012-0146-0 1 23 Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer- Verlag. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be self-archived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your work, please use the accepted author’s version for posting to your own website or your institution’s repository. You may further deposit the accepted author’s version on a funder’s repository at a funder’s request, provided it is not made publicly available until 12 months after publication. 1 23 Author's personal copy Pala¨ontol Z (2013) 87:33–66 DOI 10.1007/s12542-012-0146-0 RESEARCH PAPER A new Pliocene mollusk fauna from Mejillones, northern Chile Sven N. Nielsen Received: 12 March 2012 / Accepted: 13 June 2012 / Published online: 5 July 2012 Ó Springer-Verlag 2012 Abstract A new Pliocene (3.4 Ma) mollusk fauna from (Vermeij and DeVries, 1997), Austrofusus steinmanni Mejillones Peninsula, northern Chile is described and (Mo¨ricke, 1896) und Leukoma antiqua (King, 1832). Fu¨r compared with the Pliocene La Cueva fauna of little con- verschiedene Arten werden die a¨ltesten Nachweise und strained age from central Chile and some species from the geographische Reichweiten erweitert. Ein gemeinsames Huenteguapi Sandstone overlying the Ranquil Formation Vorkommen von Warmwasserarten, welche dem MIS 11 on Arauco Peninsula, south central Chile.
    [Show full text]
  • Intertidal Mollusks of Iquique, Chile
    INTERTIDAL MOLLUSKS OF IQUIQUE, CHILE By LOUIE MARINCOVICH, JR. NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM LOS ANGELES COUNTY SCIENCE BULLETIN 16 FEBRUARY 20, 1973 I:r INTERTIDAL MOLLUSKS OF IQUIQUE, CHILE 70*' 10' 7<T 11 -l°! -£°" 20„ IQUIQUE ANTOFAGASTA Location of Iquique in northern Chile INTERTIDAL MOLLUSKS OF IQUIQUE, CHILE By LOUIE MARINCOVICH, JR. NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM LOS ANGELES COUNTY SCIENCE BULLETIN 16 FEBRUARY 20, 1973 PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS OF THE NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM OF LOS ANGELES COUNTY The professional publications of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County include two series, Contributions and Bulletins. In the past, articles, monographs and catalogs in the fields of history and science have appeared under various headings-Co/i- tributions, Science Series, History Leaflet Series and unnumbered catalogs of exhibitions and collections. To simplify and to standardize matters, all professional publications of the History and Science Division of the Museum will now be issued at irregular intervals either as Contributions, or as Bulletins. The former will contain short, technical papers which may be occasionally gathered in volumes, octavo in size. The latter will contain longer, separate monographs and catalogs, usually quarto in size, although this will depend on the needs of the presentation. Papers in each series are to be numbered consecutively. These papers are original articles and studies based on the collections and work of the Museum, presenting newly acquired information and understanding in the fields of Anthro­ pology, Botany, Geology, History, Mineralogy, Paleontology, Technology and Zoology. GILES W. MEAD, Director Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County VIRGINIA D. MILLER Editor All communications concerning science manuscripts, exchange of science publications, and the purchase of science publications should be sent to the Editor, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90007.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Huaca Soto
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Huaca Soto and the Evolution of Paracas Communities in the Chincha Valley, Peru A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Archaeology by Benjamin Thomas Nigra 2017 © Copyright by Benjamin Thomas Nigra 2017 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Huaca Soto and the Evolution of Paracas Communities in the Chincha Valley, Peru by Benjamin Thomas Nigra Doctor of Philosophy in Archaeology University of California, Los Angeles, 2017 Professor Charles S. Stanish, Chair Paracas was an autochthonous sociocultural tradition that emerged on the south coast of Peru during the early first millennium BCE. Beginning as a constellation of independent villages, by the final centuries BCE Paracas peoples had coalesced into two politically complex, non-state peer-polities with evidence for permanent socioeconomic inequality, dedicated craft industries, and leadership that exercised stable control over non-kin labor. Recent research in the Chincha Valley suggests that intensification of large-scale ritualized events was integral to this transition. Indeed, Chincha contains the largest and most labor-intensive buildings on the Formative south coast. These include more than a dozen massive sunken court structures that form at least five discrete settlement clusters. Excavation in one of these structures, Huaca Soto (PV57-26), ii demonstrates that the site was utilized for ritualized processions between the 8th and 5th centuries BCE. Drawing on an analysis of architecture, fineware ceramics, ceremonial offering deposits and comestibles, this dissertation traces the evolution of Huaca Soto from its initial Early Paracas construction episodes through its abandonment at the onset of the Middle Paracas (Cavernas) period.
    [Show full text]
  • A Study of Faunal Consumption at the Gallinazo Group Site, Northern Coast of Peru
    Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 12-3-2013 12:00 AM A Study of Faunal Consumption at the Gallinazo Group Site, Northern Coast of Peru Claire Venet-Rogers The University of Western Ontario Supervisor Dr. Lisa Hodgetts The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Anthropology A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Master of Arts © Claire Venet-Rogers 2013 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Venet-Rogers, Claire, "A Study of Faunal Consumption at the Gallinazo Group Site, Northern Coast of Peru" (2013). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 1749. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/1749 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A STUDY OF FAUNAL CONSUMPTION AT THE GALLINAZO GROUP SITE, NORTHERN COAST OF PERU Monograph by Claire Venet-Rogers Graduate Program in Anthropology A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts The School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies The University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, Canada © Claire Venet-Rogers 2014 Abstract This thesis is an investigation into consumption patterns at the Gallinazo Group archaeological site, from the Early Intermediate Period (200 B.C. to 800 A.D.), on the Peruvian north coast. Faunal samples were recovered from two different but contemporaneous contexts: a civic-ceremonial platform mound and an Architectural Compound in a residential sector.
    [Show full text]
  • Guia Moluscos.Pdf
    www.uantof.cl/crea CREA “Centro Regional de Estudios y Educación Ambiental” Proyecto Mecesup Ant0003 “Incorporación de Valores de Desarrollo Sustentable en los Profesionales que forma la Universidad de Antofagasta” Director : Sr. Carlos Guerra Correa Director alterno: Sr. Roberto Quiroz López GUIA DE BIODIVERSIDAD VOL. 1 Macrofauna y Algas Marinas N°4 ALGAS Autor y Editor: Oscar Zúñiga Romero1 1 Departamento de Acuicultura Facultad de Recursos del Mar Universidad de Antofagasta 84 1 2 83 Introducción Esta Guía de Campo para la identificación de moluscos marinos comunes de la II región pretende entregar una herramienta facilitadora y orientadora a aquellas personas y estudiantes no vinculado a las Ciencias del Mar que de una forma u otra está interesado en los temas de conservación y manejo de recursos hidrobiológicos para lo cual es fundamental identificar y cuantificar la biodiversidad que existe en los ambientes estudiados. La Guía entrega elementos descriptivos generales y simples que permiten al lector tener una aproximación a la identificación taxonómica de moluscos, que se debe profundizar acudiendo a la literatura especializada o acercándose a las instituciones universitarias que cuentan con especialistas en Biología o Ecología Marina (taxonomía). Se entregan figuras tipos de moluscos y nombres de los principales rasgos morfológicos que permiten su identificación. 3 INDICE Introducción..................... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... 3 Lista taxonómica.. ........... ........... ........... ..........
    [Show full text]