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Informe Técnico Tasas De Reclutamiento De INFORME TÉCNICO TASAS DE RECLUTAMIENTO DE INVERTEBRADOS BENTÓNICOS PROYECTO ABASTECIMIENTO DE AGUA DESALADA MANTOVERDE LOCALIDAD: SECTOR COSTERO SUR DE CHAÑARAL REGIÓN DE ATACAMA ELABORADO PARA: MANTOSCOPPER PREPARADO POR: ESTUDIO DE RECLUTAMIENTO LARVAL MEDIO AMBIENTE MARINO PROYECTO ABASTECIMIENTO DE AGUA DESALADA MANTOVERDE ÍNDICE DE CONTENIDOS RESUMEN EJECUTIVO ...................................................................................................................... 10 1.0 INTRODUCCIÓN ....................................................................................................................... 15 1.1 Antecedentes .......................................................................................................................... 15 1.2 Marco teórico ......................................................................................................................... 15 1.3 Objetivo .................................................................................................................................. 16 2.0 METODOLOGÍA ........................................................................................................................ 17 2.1 Área de Estudio ....................................................................................................................... 17 2.2 Periodo de muestreo .............................................................................................................. 18 2.3 Líneas de Monitoreo ............................................................................................................... 19 2.3.1 Sensores de Temperatura (Hobo)........................................................................................ 20 2.4 Descripción y Análisis .............................................................................................................. 20 2.4.1 Tasas de reclutamiento ....................................................................................................... 21 2.4.2 Estructura comunitaria entre líneas de monitoreo ............................................................. 21 2.5 Análisis Cualitativo Tasas de Reclutamiento y Temperatura del Mar .................................... 21 2.1 Análisis de series de tiempo de temperatura del mar en el dominio de la frecuencia y el tiempo ................................................................................................................................. 22 3.0 RESULTADOS ........................................................................................................................... 23 3.1 Colectores por Campaña......................................................................................................... 23 3.2 Tasas de reclutamiento totales ............................................................................................... 24 3.2.1 Tasas de Reclutamiento por Campaña de Monitoreo ......................................................... 24 3.2.2 Tasas de Reclutamiento por Línea de Monitoreo ................................................................ 27 3.2.3 ‘Tasas de Reclutamiento por Estrato de profundidad ......................................................... 30 3.3 Tasas de Reclutamiento por Grupo Taxonómico .................................................................... 32 3.3.1 BIVALVIA .............................................................................................................................. 35 3.3.2 GASTROPODA ...................................................................................................................... 41 3.3.3 CRUSTACEA .......................................................................................................................... 47 3.3.4 ECHINODERMATA ................................................................................................................ 52 3.4 Variación espacial del Reclutamiento ..................................................................................... 56 3.1 Estructura Comunitaria del Reclutamiento ............................................................................ 60 3.2 Análisis Cualitativo de Tasas de Reclutamiento y Temperatura del Mar ............................... 62 3.3 Análisis de series de tiempo de temperatura del mar en el dominio de la frecuencia y el tiempo ................................................................................................................................. 64 4.0 DISCUSIÓN .............................................................................................................................. 70 4.1 Colectores por campañas (esfuerzo de muestreo) ................................................................. 70 4.2 Tasas de Reclutamiento Totales ............................................................................................. 70 Agosto, 2017 ii ESTUDIO DE RECLUTAMIENTO LARVAL MEDIO AMBIENTE MARINO PROYECTO ABASTECIMIENTO DE AGUA DESALADA MANTOVERDE 4.2.1 Tasas de Reclutamiento por Campaña de Monitoreo ......................................................... 70 4.2.2 Tasas de Reclutamiento por Línea de Monitoreo ................................................................ 71 4.2.3 Tasas de Reclutamiento por Estrato de Profundidad .......................................................... 72 4.3 Tasas de Reclutamiento por Grupo Taxonómico .................................................................... 72 4.3.1 Tasas de Reclutamiento para las especies del grupo Bivalvia ............................................. 72 4.3.2 Tasas de Reclutamiento para las especies del grupo Gastrópoda....................................... 74 4.3.3 Tasas de Reclutamiento para las especies del grupo Crustacea .......................................... 74 4.3.4 Tasas de Reclutamiento para las especies del grupo Echinodermata ................................. 75 4.4 Variación espacial del Reclutamiento ..................................................................................... 75 4.5 Estructura Comunitaria del Reclutamiento ............................................................................ 76 4.6 Análisis Cualitativo de Tasas de Reclutamiento y Temperatura del Mar ............................... 76 4.7 Análisis de series de tiempo de temperatura del mar en el dominio de la frecuencia y el tiempo ................................................................................................................................. 77 5.0 CONCLUSIONES ....................................................................................................................... 78 6.0 BIBLIOGRAFÍA .......................................................................................................................... 79 7.0 TABLAS ANÁLISIS ESTADÍSTICOS ............................................................................................... 84 ANEXOS. TABLAS Tabla 2-1 Coordenadas UTM de las líneas subacuáticas que contienen los colectores larvales en el área de estudio (UTM zona 19, WGS 84) y su ubicación respecto de la influencia del proyecto. ......................................................................................................................................... 18 Tabla 2-2 Asociación de las líneas monitoreo en relación al entorno de ubicación en el área de estudio. ........................................................................................................................................... 18 Tabla 2-3 Fecha de instalación y recambio de colectores larvales de las 15 campañas efectuadas. ............. 18 Tabla 3-1 Permanencia y número de colectores analizados por campaña de monitoreo. Proyecto “Abastecimiento de Agua Desalada Mantoverde“. ........................................................................ 23 Tabla 3-2 Tasas de reclutamiento promedio por campaña. Proyecto “Abastecimiento de Agua Desalada Mantoverde”. .................................................................................................................. 26 Tabla 3-3 Tasas de reclutamiento promedios totales (± ES) por líneas subacuáticas para quince campañas de monitoreo. Proyecto “Abastecimiento de Agua Desalada Mantoverde“. ................ 27 Tabla 3-4 Promedios totales (± DS) por profundidad del colector para quince campañas de monitoreo. Proyecto “Abastecimiento de Agua Desalada Mantoverde”. ...................................... 30 Tabla 3-5 Promedios totales (± ES) por grupo taxonómico para quince campañas de monitoreo realizadas hasta la fecha. ................................................................................................................ 32 -1 -1 Tabla 3-6 Número total de reclutas (n) y tasas de reclutamiento promedios (Ind. Colector d ± DS) para todas las especies del grupo Bivalvia, quince campañas de monitoreo........................... 35 -1 -1 Tabla 3-7 Tasas de reclutamiento promedios (Ind. Colector d ± DS) por profundidad del colector (SUP y FON) grupo Bivalvia. .............................................................................................. 40 Agosto, 2017 iii ESTUDIO DE RECLUTAMIENTO LARVAL MEDIO AMBIENTE MARINO PROYECTO ABASTECIMIENTO DE AGUA DESALADA MANTOVERDE Tabla 3-8 Número total de reclutas (n) y tasas de reclutamiento promedios (Ind. Colector -1 d-1 ± DS) para quince campañas y todas las especies del grupo Gastrópoda. ........................................ 41 Tabla 3-9 Tasas de reclutamiento promedios (Ind. Colector -1 d-1 ± DS) por profundidad del
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