DOCSLIB.ORG

Space Science Missions Long Term Perspective from Industry

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Royal Astronomical Society Discussion Meeting - 12 Nov 2012 Future UK Space Missions Space Science Missions Long Term Perspective from Industry Matthew Stuttard National Lead – Future Science Programmes ESA’s Science Programme ‘Cosmic Vision’ .Four big questions .What are the conditions for planet formation and the emergence of life? .How does the Solar System work? .What are the fundamental physical laws of the Universe? .How did the Universe originate and what is it made of? . One little question … p2 Science and Exploration Beyond Phase A – in the UK . 2013 GAIA – mapping a billion stars with high accuracy . Service module, guidance, sensors, Science Data Processing . 2014 LISA Pathfinder – preparing to detect gravity waves . Prime and propulsion module, optical bench, charge management . 2015 Bepi Colombo – two Mercury orbiters . Spacecraft composite, electric propulsion, RIU, AIT . 2017 Solar Orbiter – closely observing the sun . Prime, subsystem role on AOCS, many payloads . 2018 MIRI – Mid-IR Instrument on JWST . PI, System engineering and assurance, AIT, delivered 2012 . 2018 Exomars Rover Vehicle – exo-biology . Prime, Comms, vision based navigation . 2019 Euclid – using 2 billion galaxies to map dark matter . Industry roles: competition for sub-system roles on PLM and SVM . UK Science lead on VIS instrument and data processing p3 GAIA: Measuring a Billion Stars • Create 3D model of ‘milky way’ • 1000 times more accurate than exists now • Measure direction, distance, luminosity, temperature, gravity and composition of 1 billion stars • Repeat up to 80 times • A European technological marvel • could not be built in US • UK industry and academia (E2V, MSSL, SSTL/SIRA) producing key focal plane and instrument technology (106 CCDs) • Astrium UK • Electrical Systems lead: achieving the highest pointing accuracy ever in Europe • Payload Data Handling systems (VPU) • Propulsion, antenna, spacecraft functional validation . Onboard time correlated to UTC to • Pointing Stability 10arc Seconds less than 1S from L2 . (≈70 picometres at the CCD) . Data volume 60 Tb in 5 years . Star density capability . Data down-link rate 10Mbit/S . up to 750,000 stars per square degree p4 . Measures 100 000 stars per second . On-board processing 13000 MIPs GAIA Ultra-stable SiC Optical Bench & Mirrors Chemical Propulsion System Integration onto Structure Focal Plane Avionics Model Test Bench p5 Planetary Surface Exploration . Beagle 2 established a UK leadership role in Europe p6 Exomars Rover: To find evidence for past or present life on Mars p7 Rover Vehicle – Phase B . travel 18-20km @ 100m/sol . collect samples up to 2m deep and analyse them . Autonomous Guidance and Navigation System Bathtub Structure WISDOM GPR Horns (2) Rear Bogie Attachment Service Module (SVM) Gas gap insulation Analytical Laboratory p8 Drawer (ALD) Phase A/B1 and before Juice . Juice: Jovian system tour . Jupiter atmosphere & magnetosphere . Jovian moons and ring system . Europa flybys – recent active zones . Callisto flybys – early remnant . Ganymede – internal composition, habitat? . Selected as L1 mission . Phase A/B1 to start Q4 2012 . Instruments: UK PI and Co-I roles . Many opportunities for UK industry p10 M3 Mission Candidates EChO Marco Polo R Plato STE LOFT QUEST p11 MSR Precursor Missions – 2013 Phase A INSPIRE PHOOTPRINT 3 x Mars landers Phobos sample return Astrium UK interest Astrium UK interest . Mission analysis . Prime and system engineering . Launch and transfer to Mars . Mission analysis . Return transfer to Earth . Carrier vehicle design . Landing system design . Design of landers . Design of sample collection and . Definition of planetary protection measures transfer system p12 Penetrators . UK niche from MoonLITE . Multi-disciplinary community formed . Jovian Moon penetrator . Ganymede and Europa studied . Key science: astrobiology, geology . Current activities focussed on proving robustness to high impact loads . Testing planned at component and system level . Cavendish Lab gas gun . Pendine sands rocket sled range p13 ESA Science Missions Industrial Development Schedule 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Gaia Pre-Phase A Phase A1 LISA Pathfinder Phase A/B1 Phase B2/C/D Bepi Colombo Solar Orbiter Euclid L1 - JUICE Plato M3 M3 decision M4 L2 S1 – CHEOPS (tbc) UK Pre-Phase A/Phase A? S2 p14 UK Leadership of Science Missions The Status Quo . Space science is funded because it is valued . Knowledge creation, manufacturing skills, spin-along with commercial space . UK will play major roles in leading ESA science missions to 2030 . Scientifically and Industrially . IGS Recommendation 13 in principle achieved through this route . … IGS ‘restack’ is focused on growth in commercial space . World-class space science tends to advance primarily with larger missions . to go further, see further, measure more precisely etc. Conservatism on feasibility/technology . Strong ‘lesson learned’ by ESA . UK cannot afford to do ‘big science’ alone p16 What are the Disruptive Factors? Science . New Science Opportunities Policy . Can niche science still be world class? . Can UK space science be funded if it is not world class? . Unique UK technologies: instruments, platforms, space access . New opportunities in line with UK Civil Space Strategy? . Bilateral collaborations . National budget ‘headroom’ necessary = squeeze existing planning . Slow pace of ESA programme . CV S missions ? ESA launch CV S1 by 2017? . Can UK-led small missions be quicker? . New sources of mission funding . Direct link between Science and Growth? . Knowledge exchange . Practical applications of space science p17 Disruptive Technologies with UK strengths 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Miniaturised sensors (ongoing) Optics (ongoing) Low Cost Platform GEO Interplanetary Nuclear Power RHU, RTG Lightweight deployables Solar Sail Missions Large Telescopes Robotic and Autonomous Landed Systems Landers Rovers Hoppers, dirigibles, boats, climbers Penetrators Low Cost Launch Virgin Skylon NSTP -> much else … p18 Longer term mission ideas . Uranus Mission . RTG could leverage science roles in a bilateral . … but not low cost . Lunar Penetrators . Penetrator technology still being developed by a UK team . Asteroid sample return . enthusiasm in Japan – Hayabusa was a low cost mission . science is strong in UK . mission technology is strong is UK p19 Total Eclipse Mission: “The Lunar Coronagraph” . Mission to fly in a near exact total eclipse (<1.02Rs) in space for many hours to days . Forms a “Super-Giant” Space Coronagraph with a baseline circa 376,000km! . No atmospheric effects (e.g. seeing, ) and much longer totality compared to total eclipses on Earth . Lower diffraction and lower cost alternative to Proba-3 and HiRise formation flying missions Spacecraft Orbit with . Offers unparalleled resolution of inner Corona Near Parabolic Apogee . Other totality/non-totality science also possible Earth Orbit Region where . Novel orbit yields a “far-side” total eclipse: Totality zone and Perigee co-incide . High energy near parabolic Earth orbit provides Perigee ~760,000km initial co-rotation with Moon at its “anti-Sun” side (Near parabolic apogee) . Non-Keplerian orbit phasesS maintain totality u Earth Moon . Parking orbits provide repeatn totality cycles Totality Region . Astrium UK study proved feasibility without Totality Region of interest (inc. Non- new technology or an expensive launch: Keplerian phase) Lunar Orbit . Concept now being pursued with solar scientists at MSSL, UCL and RAL ~3.84x105 km ~3.76x105 km Snapshot of eclipse geometry looking onto the ecliptic plane p20 Directly linking science and growth: Space Weather . Fits the ‘growth’ agenda . Space weather recognised on national risk register . Real costs arise and cost savings can be demonstrated . Technical expertise in UK . Tracking . Heliospheric Imager – Earth leading, stripped down . Located 20 degrees off Earth-Sun line . Interplanetary class of mission Environment, propulsion and comms engineering . Plasma characterisation and solar surface modelling . In-situ and remote sensors at L1 or sunwards . SOHO replacement . Hosted payloads using miniaturised instruments . Active Users . Solar Science groups . Met Office – testing operational alerts . MOD . Potential Users . Electrical power generators and distributors . Sat operators . Aviation – air traffic control, airlines . Oil and Gas industry . … 18 May 2011 p21 Space Weather CDF Study HAGRID Heliospheric Imaging for Assessment of Global and Regional Infrastructure Damage Demonstrator mission for a Space Weather early warning system 18 May 2011 p22 Developing New UK Mission Concepts: Astrium Ltd Role in Phase 0/A . engineering for small science missions: feasibility is key . Complex payloads . Can requirements be met . Pointing, mag, power, gravity, accommodation, contaminations, PP … . Interplanetary . transfers -> mission analysis, GAMs . propulsion (Chemical, Electric) . communications . environment . Difficult environments: thermal, power constrained, radiation . Mission enabling technologies: . RTG, RHU, deployable structures, optics, sensors, data processing . Robotic systems, autonomous guidance systems . Reliability/surviving long cruises . Feasibility assessment . Systems engineering: Mission optimisation . Technology readiness, TRL raising and forecasting . Engineering and financial budgets p23 Questions ? p24 www.astrium.eads.net .
Recommended publications
  • EMC18 Abstracts

    EMC18 Abstracts

    EUROPEAN MARS CONVENTION 2018 – 26-28 OCT. 2018, LA CHAUX-DE-FONDS, SWITZERLAND EMC18 Abstracts In alphabetical order Name title of presentation Page n° Théodore Besson: Scorpius Prototype 3 Tomaso Bontognali Morphological biosignatures on Mars: what to expect and how to prepare not to miss them 4 Pierre Brisson: Humans on Mars will have to live according to both Martian & Earth Time 5 Michel Cabane: Curiosity on Mars : What is new about organic molecules? 6 Antonio Del Mastro Industrie 4.0 technology for the building of a future Mars City: possibilities and limits of the application of a terrestrial technology for the human exploration of space 7 Angelo Genovese Advanced Electric Propulsion for Fast Manned Missions to Mars and Beyond 8 Olivia Haider: The AMADEE-18 Mars Simulation OMAN 9 Pierre-André Haldi: The Interplanetary Transport System of SpaceX revisited 10 Richard Heidman: Beyond human, technical and financial feasibility, “mass-production” constraints of a Colony project surge. 11 Jürgen Herholz: European Manned Space Projects 12 Jean-Luc Josset Search for life on Mars, the ExoMars rover mission and the CLUPI instrument 13 Philippe Lognonné and the InSight/SEIS Team: SEIS/INSIGHT: Towards the Seismic Discovering of Mars 14 Roland Loos: From the Earth’s stratosphere to flying on Mars 15 EUROPEAN MARS CONVENTION 2018 – 26-28 OCT. 2018, LA CHAUX-DE-FONDS, SWITZERLAND Gaetano Mileti Current research in Time & Frequency and next generation atomic clocks 16 Claude Nicollier Tethers and possible applications for artificial gravity
  • Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter

    Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter

    Chapter 6 Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Jim Taylor, Dennis K. Lee, and Shervin Shambayati 6.1 Mission Overview The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) [1, 2] has a suite of instruments making observations at Mars, and it provides data-relay services for Mars landers and rovers. MRO was launched on August 12, 2005. The orbiter successfully went into orbit around Mars on March 10, 2006 and began reducing its orbit altitude and circularizing the orbit in preparation for the science mission. The orbit changing was accomplished through a process called aerobraking, in preparation for the “science mission” starting in November 2006, followed by the “relay mission” starting in November 2008. MRO participated in the Mars Science Laboratory touchdown and surface mission that began in August 2012 (Chapter 7). MRO communications has operated in three different frequency bands: 1) Most telecom in both directions has been with the Deep Space Network (DSN) at X-band (~8 GHz), and this band will continue to provide operational commanding, telemetry transmission, and radiometric tracking. 2) During cruise, the functional characteristics of a separate Ka-band (~32 GHz) downlink system were verified in preparation for an operational demonstration during orbit operations. After a Ka-band hardware anomaly in cruise, the project has elected not to initiate the originally planned operational demonstration (with yet-to-be­ used redundant Ka-band hardware). 201 202 Chapter 6 3) A new-generation ultra-high frequency (UHF) (~400 MHz) system was verified with the Mars Exploration Rovers in preparation for the successful relay communications with the Phoenix lander in 2008 and the later Mars Science Laboratory relay operations.
  • ESA Technology Programmes A

    ESA Technology Programmes A

    ESA Technology Programmes A. Tobias European Space Agency Directorate of Technical and Quality Management January 2013 1. Strategic objectives and Technology The strategic objectives in the DG’s proposal to the 2012 Council at Ministerial level •Pushing the frontiers of knowledge Top class Science of space, in space and from Space •Enabling Services Earth observation, meteorology and environmental monitoring, navigation, telecommunications, space situation awareness, integrated applications •Supporting an innovative and competitive Europe 35 % of the satcom market, 50 % of launches to GTO, high multiplicative effort downstream, a sector of high gross added value, with high spin factor The keys: sustaining innovation, strengthening competitiveness and assuring a robust supply chain, and it all •Enabled by technology •Made possible by a competitive industry built during decades of technology and industrial policies and public investments in shared assets 1 • • • • The domains when theytakeoveratTRL5/6fromtechnologypreparation lines Investments intechnologydevelopmentsarefurther continuedinprojects for industry’scompetitivenessintheworldmarket investments inmissions/launchersspaceinfrastructures developmentsand 350 Exploration (Exomars),EarthObservation(MTG,MetOpSG,GSC) areas, orstabilizationinareaswithmajormissionprogrammes,e.g.Robotic Funding fortechnologydevelopmentwithanincreasingtrendinnearlyall Successful CM12,10B The programmes 2. ESATechnologyProgrammes 2. ESATechnologyProgrammes – 400 M € / yearintechnologydevelopmentlinesprepare3B
  • The SKYLON Spaceplane

    The SKYLON Spaceplane

    The SKYLON Spaceplane Borg K.⇤ and Matula E.⇤ University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA This report outlines the major technical aspects of the SKYLON spaceplane as a final project for the ASEN 5053 class. The SKYLON spaceplane is designed as a single stage to orbit vehicle capable of lifting 15 mT to LEO from a 5.5 km runway and returning to land at the same location. It is powered by a unique engine design that combines an air- breathing and rocket mode into a single engine. This is achieved through the use of a novel lightweight heat exchanger that has been demonstrated on a reduced scale. The program has received funding from the UK government and ESA to build a full scale prototype of the engine as it’s next step. The project is technically feasible but will need to overcome some manufacturing issues and high start-up costs. This report is not intended for publication or commercial use. Nomenclature SSTO Single Stage To Orbit REL Reaction Engines Ltd UK United Kingdom LEO Low Earth Orbit SABRE Synergetic Air-Breathing Rocket Engine SOMA SKYLON Orbital Maneuvering Assembly HOTOL Horizontal Take-O↵and Landing NASP National Aerospace Program GT OW Gross Take-O↵Weight MECO Main Engine Cut-O↵ LACE Liquid Air Cooled Engine RCS Reaction Control System MLI Multi-Layer Insulation mT Tonne I. Introduction The SKYLON spaceplane is a single stage to orbit concept vehicle being developed by Reaction Engines Ltd in the United Kingdom. It is designed to take o↵and land on a runway delivering 15 mT of payload into LEO, in the current D-1 configuration.
  • Thermal Test Campaign of the Solar Orbiter STM

    Thermal Test Campaign of the Solar Orbiter STM

    46th International Conference on Environmental Systems ICES-2016-236 10-14 July 2016, Vienna, Austria Thermal Test Campaign of the Solar Orbiter STM C. Damasio1 European Space Agency, ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk ZH, 2201 AZ, The Netherlands A. Jacobs2, S. Morgan3, M. Sprague4, D. Wild5, Airbus Defence & Space Limited,Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2AS, UK and V. Luengo6 RHEA System S.A., Av. Pasteur 23, B-1300 Wavre, Belgium Solar Orbiter is the next solar-heliospheric mission in the ESA Science Directorate. The mission will provide the next major step forward in the exploration of the Sun and the heliosphere investigating many of the fundamental problems in solar and heliospheric science. One of the main design drivers for Solar Orbiter is the thermal environment, determined by a total irradiance of 13 solar constants (17500 W/m2) due to the proximity with the Sun. The spacecraft is normally in sun-pointing attitude and is protected from severe solar energy by the Heat Shield. The Heat Shield was tested separately at subsystem level. To complete the STM thermal verification, it was decided to subject to Solar orbiter platform without heat shield to thermal balance test that was performed at IABG test facility in November- December 2015 This paper will describe the Thermal Balance Test performed on the Solar Orbiter STM and the activities performed to correlate the thermal model and to show the verification of the STM thermal design. Nomenclature AU = Astronomical Unit CE = Cold Element FM = Flight Model HE = Hot Element IABG = Industrieanlagen
  • LISA, the Gravitational Wave Observatory

    LISA, the Gravitational Wave Observatory

    The ESA Science Programme Cosmic Vision 2015 – 25 Christian Erd Planetary Exploration Studies, Advanced Studies & Technology Preparations Division 04-10-2010 1 ESAESA spacespace sciencescience timelinetimeline JWSTJWST BepiColomboBepiColombo GaiaGaia LISALISA PathfinderPathfinder Proba-2Proba-2 PlanckPlanck HerschelHerschel CoRoTCoRoT HinodeHinode AkariAkari VenusVenus ExpressExpress SuzakuSuzaku RosettaRosetta DoubleDouble StarStar MarsMars ExpressExpress INTEGRALINTEGRAL ClusterCluster XMM-NewtonXMM-Newton CassiniCassini-H-Huygensuygens SOHOSOHO ImplementationImplementation HubbleHubble OperationalOperational 19901990 19941994 19981998 20022002 20062006 20102010 20142014 20182018 20222022 XMM-Newton • X-ray observatory, launched in Dec 1999 • Fully operational (lost 3 out of 44 X-ray CCD early in mission) • No significant loss of performances expected before 2018 • Ranked #1 at last extension review in 2008 (with HST & SOHO) • 320 refereed articles per year, with 38% in the top 10% most cited • Observing time over- subscribed by factor ~8 • 2,400 registered users • Largest X-ray catalogue (263,000 sources) • Best sensitivity in 0.2-12 keV range • Long uninterrupted obs. • Follow-up of SZ clusters 04-10-2010 3 INTEGRAL • γ-ray observatory, launched in Oct 2002 • Imager + Spectrograph (E/ΔE = 500) + X- ray monitor + Optical camera • Coded mask telescope → 12' resolution • 72 hours elliptical orbit → low background • P/L ~ nominal (lost 4 out 19 SPI detectors) • No serious degradation before 2016 • ~ 90 refereed articles per year • Obs
  • Astrophysics

    Astrophysics

    National Aeronautics and Space Administration Astrophysics Astronomy and Astrophysics Paul Hertz Advisory Committee Director, Astrophysics Division Washington, DC Science Mission Directorate January 26, 2017 @PHertzNASA www.nasa.gov Why Astrophysics? Astrophysics is humankind’s scientific endeavor to understand the universe and our place in it. 1. How did our universe 2. How did galaxies, stars, 3. Are We Alone? begin and evolve? and planets come to be? These national strategic drivers are enduring 1972 1982 1991 2001 2010 2 Astrophysics Driving Documents 2016 update includes: • Response to Midterm Assessment • Planning for 2020 Decadal Survey http://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/documents 3 Astrophysics - Big Picture • The FY16 appropriation/FY17 continuing resolution and FY17 President’s budget request provide funding for NASA astrophysics to continue its planned programs, missions, projects, research, and technology. – The total funding (Astrophysics including Webb) remains at ~$1.35B. – Fully funds Webb for an October 2018 launch, WFIRST formulation (new start), Explorers mission development, increased funding for R&A, new suborbital capabilities. – No negative impact from FY17 continuing resolution (through April 28, 2017). – Awaiting FY18 budget guidance from new Administration. • The operating missions continue to generate important and compelling science results, and new missions are under development for the future. – Senior Review in Spring 2016 recommended continued operation of all missions. – SOFIA is adding new instruments: HAWC+ instrument being commissioned; HIRMES instrument in development; next gen instrument call in 2017. – NASA missions under development making progress toward launches: ISS-NICER (2017), ISS-CREAM (2017), TESS (2018), Webb (2018), IXPE (2020), WFIRST (mid-2020s). – Partnerships with ESA and JAXA on their future missions create additional science opportunities: Euclid (ESA), X-ray Astronomy Recovery Mission (JAXA), Athena (ESA), L3/LISA (ESA).
  • Epo in a Multinational Context

    Epo in a Multinational Context

    →EPO IN A MULTINATIONAL CONTEXT Heidelberg, June 2013 ESA FACTS AND FIGURES • Over 40 years of experience • 20 Member States • Six establishments in Europe, about 2200 staff • 4 billion Euro budget (2013) • Over 70 satellites designed, tested and operated in flight • 17 scientific satellites in operation • Six types of launcher developed • Celebrated the 200th launch of Ariane in February 2011 2 ACTIVITIES ESA is one of the few space agencies in the world to combine responsibility in nearly all areas of space activity. • Space science • Navigation • Human spaceflight • Telecommunications • Exploration • Technology • Earth observation • Operations • Launchers 3 →SCIENCE & ROBOTIC EXPLORATION TODAY’S SCIENCE MISSIONS (1) • XMM-Newton (1999– ) X-ray telescope • Cluster (2000– ) four spacecraft studying the solar wind • Integral (2002– ) observing objects in gamma and X-rays • Hubble (1990– ) orbiting observatory for ultraviolet, visible and infrared astronomy (with NASA) • SOHO (1995– ) studying our Sun and its environment (with NASA) 5 TODAY’S SCIENCE MISSIONS (2) • Mars Express (2003– ) studying Mars, its moons and atmosphere from orbit • Rosetta (2004– ) the first long-term mission to study and land on a comet • Venus Express (2005– ) studying Venus and its atmosphere from orbit • Herschel (2009– ) far-infrared and submillimetre wavelength observatory • Planck (2009– ) studying relic radiation from the Big Bang 6 UPCOMING MISSIONS (1) • Gaia (2013) mapping a thousand million stars in our galaxy • LISA Pathfinder (2015) testing technologies
  • LISA and ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 Programme

    LISA and ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 Programme

    LISA and ESA’s Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 Programme J. Clavel Head, Astrophysics Mission Division, Science Directorate of ESA 7th International LISA Symposium, Barcelona, 16-June-2008 Missions in preparation HeHerschel-rschel- Planck Planck BBeepipi-C-Cololombomboo 2008 CoroCorott 2008 20132013 (CNES-ESA)(CNES-ESA) Lisa-Pathfinder 20062006 Lisa-Pathfinder 20102010 Chandrayan GaiaGaia Chandrayan SolarSolar (ISRO-ESA) 20112011 (ISRO-ESA) JWSJWSTT OrbiterOrbiter 20082008 (NASA-ESA-CSA)(NASA-ESA-CSA)(ESA-NASA)(ESA-NASA) MicroscopeMicroscope 20132013 20152015 (CNES-ESA)(CNES-ESA) 20102010 20052005 20062006 20072007 20082008 20092009 20102010 20112011 20122012 20132013 20142014 20152015 20162016 20172017 7th International LISA Symposium, Barcelona, 16-June-2008 ESA’sESA’s newnew longlong termterm planplan forfor spacespace sciencescience 7th International LISA Symposium, Barcelona, 16-June-2008 Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 process • Call for Science Themes in Spring 2004 • Responses analysed by ESA’s advisory structure in July 2004 • Workshop with community in Paris in September 2004 (400 participants) • Spring 2005: the Cosmic Vision Plan was presented to the community • Plan should cover one decade, with 3 Calls for Missions planned 7th International LISA Symposium, Barcelona, 16-June-2008 Four “Grand Themes” identified 1. What are the conditions for life and planetary formation? 2. How does the Solar System work? 3. What are the fundamental laws of the Universe? 4. How did the Universe originate and what is it made of? 7th International LISA Symposium, Barcelona, 16-June-2008 Cosmic Vision process • First “Call for Missions” issued in 1st Q 2007 • 50 proposals received by June 2007 deadline • Selection process by advisory structure on behalf of scientific community during summer 2007 • Final recommendation from SSAC in October 2007 7th International LISA Symposium, Barcelona, 16-June-2008 The ESA program is chosen by the Scientific Community….
  • Mro High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (Hirise)

    Mro High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (Hirise)

    Sixth International Conference on Mars (2003) 3287.pdf MROHIGHRESOLUTIONIMAGINGSCIENCEEXPERIMENT(HIRISE): INSTRUMENTDEVELOPMENT.AlanDelamere,IraBecker,JimBergstrom,JonBurkepile,Joe Day,DavidDorn,DennisGallagher,CharlieHamp,JeffreyLasco,BillMeiers,AndrewSievers,Scott StreetmanStevenTarr,MarkTommeraasen,PaulVolmer.BallAerospaceandTechnologyCorp.,PO Box1062,Boulder,CO80306 Focus Introduction:Theprimaryfunctionalre- Mechanism PrimaryMirror quirementoftheHiRISEimager,figure1isto PrimaryMirrorBaffle 2nd Fold allowidentificationofbothpredictedandun- Mirror knownfeaturesonthesurfaceofMarstoa muchfinerresolutionandcontrastthanprevi- ouslypossible[1],[2].Thisresultsinacam- 1st Fold erawithaverywideswathwidth,6kmat Mirror 300kmaltitude,andahighsignaltonoise ratio,>100:1.Generationofterrainmaps,30 Filters cmverticalresolution,fromstereoimages Focal requiresveryaccurategeometriccalibration. Plane Theprojectlimitationsofmass,costand schedulemakethedevelopmentchallenging. FocalPlane SecondaryMirror Inaddition,thespacecraftstability[3]must Electronics TertiaryMirror SecondaryMirrorBaffle notbeamajorlimitationtoimagequality. Thenominalorbitforthesciencephaseofthe missionisa3pmorbitof255by320kmwith Figure1Cameraopticalpathoptimizedforlowmass periapsislockedtothesouthpole.Thetrack Integration(TDI)tocreateveryhigh(100:1)signalnoise velocityisapproximately3,400m/s. ratioimages. HiRISEFeatures:TheHiRISEinstrumentperformance Theimagerdesignisanall-reflectivethreemirrorastig- goalsarelistedinTable1.Thedesignfeaturesa50cm matictelescopewithlight-weightedZeroduropticsanda
  • The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2012

    The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2012

    Federal Aviation Administration The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2012 February 2013 About FAA About the FAA Office of Commercial Space Transportation The Federal Aviation Administration’s Office of Commercial Space Transportation (FAA AST) licenses and regulates U.S. commercial space launch and reentry activity, as well as the operation of non-federal launch and reentry sites, as authorized by Executive Order 12465 and Title 51 United States Code, Subtitle V, Chapter 509 (formerly the Commercial Space Launch Act). FAA AST’s mission is to ensure public health and safety and the safety of property while protecting the national security and foreign policy interests of the United States during commercial launch and reentry operations. In addition, FAA AST is directed to encourage, facilitate, and promote commercial space launches and reentries. Additional information concerning commercial space transportation can be found on FAA AST’s website: http://www.faa.gov/go/ast Cover art: Phil Smith, The Tauri Group (2013) NOTICE Use of trade names or names of manufacturers in this document does not constitute an official endorsement of such products or manufacturers, either expressed or implied, by the Federal Aviation Administration. • i • Federal Aviation Administration’s Office of Commercial Space Transportation Dear Colleague, 2012 was a very active year for the entire commercial space industry. In addition to all of the dramatic space transportation events, including the first-ever commercial mission flown to and from the International Space Station, the year was also a very busy one from the government’s perspective. It is clear that the level and pace of activity is beginning to increase significantly.
  • Planetary Protection at ESA Issues & Status

    Planetary Protection at ESA Issues & Status

    Planetary Protection at ESA Issues & Status Gerhard Kminek Planetary Protection Officer, ESA NASA Planetary Protection Subcommittee Meeting 12-13 November 2013, GSFC Selected Missions BepiColombo → Launch of a composite spacecraft, comprising the MTM, the MPO and MMO on an Ariane V from CSG; nominal launch slot opens July 2016 → Planetary Protection Category II, due to Venus gravity assist → Launcher upper stage and spacecraft impact on Mars analysis described and agreed during CDR Solar Orbiter → Launch of the spacecraft on a NASA provided launch vehicle from KSC; nominal launch is 2017 → Planetary Protection Category II, due to Venus gravity assist → Spacecraft probability of Mars impact demonstrated to be within requirement → Scope for the launcher upper stage probability of Mars impact discussed with NASA ExoMars → See later presentation Jupiter Icy Moon Explorer (JUICE) → Selected L-class mission in the frame of the Cosmic Vision Program → ESA lead mission to the Jovian system with focus on Ganymede and Europa → Launch planned on Ariane V from CSG in 2022 → Phase A completed; currently in PRR in preparation for Phase B → Planetary Protection Category III → Planetary protection approach for Europa agreed (probability of impact < 1x10-4) → Planetary protection approach for Ganymede will be reviewed based on a recently published paper during the next ESA PPWG Candidate Missions Phootprint → Mission candidate in the frame of the Mars Robotic Exploration Preparatory (MREP) Program for launch opportunities from 2024 onwards → ESA lead mission to return samples from the martian moon Phobos → Launch planned on Ariane V from CSG with a return to Woomera Test Range, Australia → Planetary Protection Category V, unrestricted Earth return (to be confirmed) → Dedicated activity initiated to evaluate the level of assurance that no unsterilized martian material naturally transferred to Phobos is accessible to a Phobos sample return mission; result will be published in a peer reviewed journal, reviewed by a panel organised by the ESF, incl.