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ESA Technology Programmes A ESA Technology Programmes A. Tobias European Space Agency Directorate of Technical and Quality Management January 2013 1. Strategic objectives and Technology The strategic objectives in the DG’s proposal to the 2012 Council at Ministerial level •Pushing the frontiers of knowledge Top class Science of space, in space and from Space •Enabling Services Earth observation, meteorology and environmental monitoring, navigation, telecommunications, space situation awareness, integrated applications •Supporting an innovative and competitive Europe 35 % of the satcom market, 50 % of launches to GTO, high multiplicative effort downstream, a sector of high gross added value, with high spin factor The keys: sustaining innovation, strengthening competitiveness and assuring a robust supply chain, and it all •Enabled by technology •Made possible by a competitive industry built during decades of technology and industrial policies and public investments in shared assets 1 • • • • The domains when theytakeoveratTRL5/6fromtechnologypreparation lines Investments intechnologydevelopmentsarefurther continuedinprojects for industry’scompetitivenessintheworldmarket investments inmissions/launchersspaceinfrastructures developmentsand 350 Exploration (Exomars),EarthObservation(MTG,MetOpSG,GSC) areas, orstabilizationinareaswithmajormissionprogrammes,e.g.Robotic Funding fortechnologydevelopmentwithanincreasingtrendinnearlyall Successful CM12,10B The programmes 2. ESATechnologyProgrammes 2. ESATechnologyProgrammes – 400 M € / yearintechnologydevelopmentlinesprepare3B € new fundingaddingtothe5B TRP All CTP Space Science EOEP EO ARTES Telecoms EGEP Navigation FLPP Launchers MREP Robotic Exploration HSF Human Space € still running,15B GSTP All but TEL IOV/IOD PRR SRR PDR QR € / yearof Projects Missions € 2 2. ESA Technology Programmes at CM 12 and CM08 (draft) Telecommunications including major product development under NEOSAT and Partnership Launchers and HSF not comparable with 2008, not shown as they are significantly higher due to specific Ariane 5 adapted, Ariane 6 and common upper- stage development for launchers and to MPCV for HSF 3. ESA Technology Programmes, responding to user needs • Space serves the user communities, scientific or operational, their research agendas or operational needs respectively; (also often science initiated capabilities result in operational systems) Scientists, users • Technology requirements are derived from user needs & engineers through joint work Technology needs • Programmes address the technology needs of the users • In addition, generic technologies and technology push Programmes • And also key cross-cutting initiatives, across application and technology domains and implemented in concert in several programmes 3 3. Roadmaps per domain (example) and cross cutting initiative: Technologies for breakthroughs in Science Cosmic Vision 2015-2025: M3 Small (S), STE-Quest Medium (M), BepiColombo S1: CHEOPS M2: EUCLID LOFT Large (L) ECHO missions Marco Polo R L1: JUICE LPF JWST M1: Solar L2 Orbiter Athena Gaia NGO 2015 2020 2025 Swarm EEx-7 EEx-8 EEx-9 EEx-10 BIOMAS Carbonsat CoreH2O Flex Aeolus EarthCARE PREMIER Cross-cutting initiative: Technologies for breakthrough in science Scientists and technologists define technologies that bring us farther faster by joining efforts across science domains, recommendations 2012: Cold atom devices (optical clocks, atom interferometers) Ultra-stable deployable structures Only Space and Earth Science shown 3. Roadmaps per domain (example) and cross cutting initiative: Technologies for Exploration Cross cutting: Exploration Technologies ELIPS periods Technology for enabling capabilities Implemented across programmes O E L ISS expl. periods Beyond MPCV-SM ATV 4,5 Preparation human exploration N O Lunar Lander O Further missins M 2015 2020 2025 2030 INSPIRE MSR PHOOTPRINT S R A M Exomars 16 - 18 4 3. Cross cutting initiative: Clean Space Clean Space initiative aims at converting an issue in a competitive advantage and at preserving our work place, Space, through Clean Technologies Clean Technologies are those which contribute to the reduction of the environmental impact of space programmes, taking into consideration the overall life-cycle and the management of residual waste and pollution resulting from space activities, both in the Earth eco-sphere and in space. Green technologies – Eco-Design to evaluate the green propulsion, environmental impact and Four Branches: green electronics, monitor legislation risk new materials and Green Technologies processes 1 – Eco-Design 2 - Green Technologies Studies to Clean Technologies improve 3 – Space Debris understanding Mitigation Debris Mitigation and Remediation 4 – Space Debris Remediation Technologies for Technologies to active debris support end of life removal operations 3. Cross cutting initiative: Space and Energy Space Technology / Energy Application Matrix Photovoltaic & Space Energy: Remote Sensing Space Weather Energy Storage Hydrogen Thermal Control Robotics Life Support Power Fossils X X X Hydroelectric X Wind X Photovoltaic X X X Fuel Cells X X X Batteries X X Power Distribution X X X Energy Saving X X Ocean Power X Space systems are supporting the Energy sector in critical daily operations Space and Energy sectors can benefit from cooperation in Technology. For its extreme requirements Space can be a lead market. Energy with its volume can support R&D to new unprecedented performance levels H2020 for its multi-sector character is specially suited to lead these cross cutting multi- sector initiatives 5 3. Technology for industrial competitiveness • Technology is the basis for innovation and industrial world competitiveness • Technology programmes, in particular GSTP and ARTES, support industry with field proven mechanisms • Permanently open announcements of opportunity for fast, industry driven, market oriented actions • Dedicated funding arrangements to facilitate participation of academia and SME in technology developments, well beyond their relative economic weight, so as to tap their innovation potential • Support to the complete product cycle, from idea to innovation • De-risk of innovation through in-orbit validation and demonstration • Competitiveness is not a permanent status and needs to be nurtured • European industry is very competitive but fragile with a weak home market compared with its competitors. • EU major role in using Space and facilitating the use of Space, federation of users, user segment technologies, long-term data exploitation, etc. 3. Technology for strategic non-dependence • Europe depends on Space systems also for critical services • Europe must be non-dependent to develop, deploy, and exploit such systems • Non-dependence requires unrestricted access to critical technologies • Europe’s supply chain is vulnerable in the basic technologies, e.g. EEE components, driven by terrestrial sectors and for which Space has low volume and very demanding requirements • ESA with NSA set up the ECI, supported in several phases by special measures, lately at CM-12. However ESA mechanisms of industrial return, otherwise very successful, are not quite well suited for ECI and funding remains limited and provisional • ESA with EC and EDA set up also a joint effort for ECI – TnD. This has proven the value of the EU action • H2020 could be the instrument to put ECI-TnD on a permanent basis that strengthens the supply chain and its potential for innovation and competitiveness 6 4. Coordination and Harmonization Science Operational • Good proven European wide communities communities processes involving all stakeholders: Industry • Aggregate their needs ESOA NSA Industry • Coordinate their efforts MS ESA • Good federation Aggregation of the needs • New efforts add, do not duplicate, do not subtract Harmonization Roadmaps • EU as user and stakeholder and Coordination of the efforts with H2020 could provide important contribution to the overall effort ESA programmes, National, industry, other 5. Conclusions and recommendations • Investments of decades by Member States and through ESA in technology development have resulted in a top class space sector that delivers best science and service driven missions and launchers and competes very successfully in the world. • ESA CM12 means another major effort of European Ministers in this direction. New efforts are welcome to add • Well proven processes of aggregation of needs and coordination of efforts along agreed agendas of the communities and roadmaps for development exist • Procurement and industrial policy mechanisms perfected for decades have proven to be essential to develop the most competitive Space industry in the world. • EU as user of Space systems and with H2020 can be an important contribution • H2020 is seen to have a big impact and a major leading role in • ECI-TnD, building on initiatives as the ESCC and the EC-EDA-ESA cooperation • Cross sectorial actions such as Space and Energy, making Space benefit from partnership with a wealthy much bigger sector, benefiting from the multi- sectorial nature of the programme • Standardisation, ESCC related to ECI-TnD, and ECSS • Ground / user segment technologies, stimulating use of Space 7.
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