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Guidelines for Geoconservation in Protected and Conserved Areas

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Guidelines for Geoconservation in Protected and Conserved Areas Guidelines for geoconservation in protected and conserved areas Guidelines for geoconservation in protected Guidelines for geoconservation in protected and conserved areas Crofts, R., Gordon, J.E., Brilha, J., Gray, M., Gunn, J., Larwood, J., Santucci, V.L., Tormey, D., and Worboys, G.L. Craig Groves, Series Editor INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE WORLD HEADQUARTERS Rue Mauverney 28 1196 Gland, Switzerland Tel +41 22 999 0000 Fax +41 22 999 0002 www.iucn.org Best Practice Protected Area Guidelines Series No. 31 IUCN IUCN WCPA’s BEST PRACTICE PROTECTED AREA GUIDELINES SERIES IUCN-WCPA’s Best Practice Protected Area Guidelines are the world’s authoritative resource for protected area managers. Involving collaboration among specialist practitioners dedicated to supporting better implementation of ideas in the field, the Guidelines distil learning and advice drawn from across IUCN. Applied in the field, they build institutional and individual capacity to manage protected area systems effectively, equitably and sustainably, and to cope with the myriad of challenges faced in practice. The Guidelines also assist national governments, protected area agencies, non-governmental organisations, communities and private sector partners in meeting their commitments and goals, and especially the Convention on Biological Diversity’s Programme of Work on Protected Areas. A full set of guidelines is available at: www.iucn.org/pa_guidelines Complementary resources are available at: www.cbd.int/protected/tools/ Contribute to developing capacity for a Protected Planet at: www.protectedplanet.net/ IUCN PROTECTED AREA DEFINITION, MANAGEMENT CATEGORIES AND GOVERNANCE TYPES IUCN defines a protected area as: A clearly defined geographical space, recognised, dedicated and managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the long-term conservation of nature with associated ecosystem services and cultural values. The definition is expanded by six management categories (one with a sub-division), summarised below. Ia Strict nature reserve: Strictly protected for biodiversity and also possibly geological/ geomorphological features, where human visitation, use and impacts are controlled and limited to ensure protection of the conservation values. Ib Wilderness area: Usually large unmodified or slightly modified areas, retaining their natural character and influence, without permanent or significant human habitation, protected and managed to preserve their natural condition. II National park: Large natural or near-natural areas protecting large-scale ecological processes with characteristic species and ecosystems, which also have environmentally and culturally compatible spiritual, scientific, educational, recreational and visitor opportunities. III Natural monument or feature: Areas set aside to protect a specific natural monument, which can be a landform, sea mount, marine cavern, geological feature such as a cave, or a living feature such as an ancient grove. IV Habitat/species management area: Areas to protect particular species or habitats, where management reflects this priority. Many will need regular, active interventions to meet the needs of particular species or habitats, but this is not a requirement of the category. V Protected landscape or seascape: Where the interaction of people and nature over time has produced a distinct character with significant ecological, biological, cultural and scenic value: and where safeguarding the integrity of this interaction is vital to protecting and sustaining the area and its associated nature conservation and other values. VI Protected areas with sustainable use of natural resources: Areas which conserve ecosystems, together with associated cultural values and traditional natural resource management systems. Generally large, mainly in a natural condition, with a proportion under sustainable natural resource management and where low-level non-industrial natural resource use compatible with nature conservation is seen as one of the main aims. The category should be based around the primary management objective(s), which should apply to at least three-quarters of the protected area – the 75 per cent rule. The management categories are applied with a typology of governance types – a description of who holds authority and responsibility for the protected area. IUCN defines four governance types. Type A. Governance by government: Federal or national ministry/agency in charge; sub-national ministry or agency in charge (e.g. at regional, provincial, municipal level); government-delegated management (e.g. to NGO). Type B. Shared governance: Trans-boundary governance (formal and informal arrangements between two or more countries); collaborative governance (through various ways in which diverse actors and institutions work together); joint governance (pluralist board or other multi-party governing body). Type C. Private governance: Conserved areas established and run by individual landowners; non-profit organisations (e.g. NGOs, universities) and for-profit organisations (e.g. corporate landowners). Type D. Governance by Indigenous peoples and local communities: Indigenous peoples’ conserved areas and territories - established and run by Indigenous peoples; community conserved areas – established and run by local communities. For more information on the IUCN definition, categories and governance types see Dudley (2008). Guidelines for applying protected area management categories, which can be downloaded at: www.iucn.org/pa_categories For more on governance types, see Borrini-Feyerabend et al. (2013). Governance of Protected Areas: From understanding to action, which can be downloaded at https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/29138 Guidelines for geoconservation in protected and conserved areas Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Opened for signature at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, IUCN is a membership Union uniquely composed of both government and entered into force in December 1993, the Convention on Biological and civil society organisations. It provides public, private and non- Diversity is an international treaty for the conservation of biodiversity, governmental organisations with the knowledge and tools that enable the sustainable use of the components of biodiversity and the equitable human progress, economic development and nature conservation to sharing of the benefits derived from the use of genetic resources. With take place together. 196 Parties so far, the Convention has near universal participation among countries. Created in 1948, IUCN is now the world’s largest and most diverse www.cbd.int environmental network, harnessing the knowledge, resources and reach of more than 1,400 Member organisations and some 15,000 experts. It is a leading provider of conservation data, assessments and analysis. Its broad membership enables IUCN to fill the role of incubator and trusted repository of best practices, tools and international standards. IUCN provides a neutral space in which diverse stakeholders including governments, NGOs, scientists, businesses, local communities, indigenous peoples organisations and others can work together to forge and implement solutions to environmental challenges and achieve development. Cultural Heritage Administration, Republic of Korea The Cultural Heritage Administration was established to safeguard the Working with many partners and supporters, IUCN implements a large integrity of the cultural traditions of Korea and enhance the cultural and diverse portfolio of conservation projects worldwide. Combining life of Korean people by preserving and promoting the use of cultural the latest science with the traditional knowledge of local communities, heritage. It operates under the aegis of the Ministry of Culture and these projects work to reverse habitat loss, restore ecosystems and Tourism. Its role is to contribute to the advancement of national culture improve people’s well-being. through conservation and by creating values from cultural heritage www.iucn.org and to promote Korea as one of the world’s leaders in cultural heritage twitter.com/IUCN It funds research at institutes, prepares cases for submission to UNESCO for listing of properties and cares for properties in Korea. It also provides funds to enable international dissemination of knowledge, including funding for the publication of the IUCN WCPA Guidelines for geoconservation in protected areas. english.cha.go.kr/cop/bbs/selectBoardList. do?bbsId=BBSMSTR_1205&mn=EN_03_01&ctgryLrcls=CTGRY209 IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) IUCN’s World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) is the world’s premier network of protected area expertise. It is administered by IUCN’s Programme on Protected Areas and has more than 2,500 members, spanning 140 countries. WCPA is one of IUCN’s six voluntary Commissions and its mission is to promote the establishment and effective management of a worldwide representative network of IUCN WCPA Geoheritage Specialist Group terrestrial and marine protected areas, as an integral contribution to The Geoheritage Specialist Group (GSG) was established following the IUCN mission. WCPA works by helping governments and others broadening of the IUCN definition of a protected area to include all plan protected areas and integrate them into all sectors, providing elements of nature, and therefore geodiversity and geoheritage, as strategic advice to policy makers and practitioners to help strengthen
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