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Ecologica Montenegrina 11: 74-79 (2017) This journal is available online at: www.biotaxa.org/em Little known and newly recorded species of Psocoptera in Bulgaria DILIAN GEORGIEV Department of Ecology and Environmental Conservation, University of Plovdiv, Tzar Assen Str. 24, BG-4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria, email: [email protected] Received: 6 September 2017│ Accepted by V. Pešić: 27 September 2017 │ Published online: 29 September 2017. The insects from the order Psocoptera are poorly studied in Bulgaria (Lienhard & Smithers 2002). In this note I report of nineteen species of Psocoptera which were little known or were not recorded in this country. The study was carried out between 22.9.2016 and 27.8.2017 from seven geographic regions of Bulgaria (Fig. 1): Upper Thracian Lowland, Black Sea Coast, and the mountains of Sakar, Strandzha, Rhodopes, Pirin and Sarnena Gora. All specimens were collected and identified by the author. The barklice were searched by following methods: 1. Actively searched under tree bark and collected by hand; 2. Sieving with 1 mm mesh width sieve of detritus or crushed tree bark particles above white cloth; 3. Beating the vegetation above a sieve; 4. Checking for dead individuals in paddles, beneath windows and in spider webs; 5. Sweep netting of vegetation. Specimens were then over narcotized by diethyl ether, stored in ethanol or glycerin (when prepared on microscope slides), and after processing deposited in the collection of the author. Species identifications and taxonomy followed mainly Lienhard (1998). As supporting sources for some of the species also Saville (2008), Kučerová et al. (2014) and Yang et al. (2015) were used. Trogiidae Cerobasis guestfalica (Kolbe, 1880) Material examined: North Black Sea Coast: 17.8.2017, east of Kavarna town, a patch of planted conifer trees near a monument, brunches of Abies pinsapo, N43 26 11.4 E28 21 16.9, 127 m a. s. l., 2 ♀, coll. by beating the vegetation; 19.8.2017, near the beach of Shabla town and Dobrudzha camping, brunches of Pinus nigra, N43 33 52.5 E28 35 17.6, 20 m a. s. l., 1 ♀, coll. by beating the vegetation; South Black Sea coast: 24.8.2017, Sinemorets village, yard of a house, brunches of Cupressus sp., N42 03 41.1 E27 58 42.4, N42 03 36.4 E27 58 24.5, 30 m a. s. l., 1 ♀, coll. by beating the vegetation; 25.8.2017, at the estuary of Veleka River, scattered trees and shrubs, brunches of Ulmus minor, N42 03 53.5 E27 58 18.0, at the sea level, 1 ♀, coll. by beating the vegetation; 26.8.2017, Rezovo village, yard of a house, brunches of Cupressus sp., N41 59 05.6 E28 01 48.9, 41 m a. s. l., 2 ♀, coll. by beating the vegetation; 27.8.2017, at the vicinities of Sinemorets village, near Butamyata Beach, Quercus sp. forest, on the bark of living Quercus sp., N42 03 30.1 E27 58 49.7, 27 m a. s. l., 1 ♂, coll. by hand. Newly recorded species and genus for Bulgaria. Lepinotus inquilinus Heyden, 1850 Material examined: Sarnena Gora Mts.: 22.9.2016, Hrishteni village, yard of a house, in detritus of Corylus avellana, N42 27 12.56 E25 42 17.89, 183 m a. s. l., 1 ♀, coll. by sieving; Upper Thracian Lowland: 28.4.2017, north of Lyubenovo village, bank of Sazliika River, flood forest of Salix sp., among small pieces Ecologica Montenegrina, 11, 2017, 74-79 GEORGIEV of wood and detritus deposited by waters at the base of a willow, N42 12 33.2 E25 56 01.3, 99 m a. s. l., 2 ♀, coll. by sieving. New record for Bulgaria. Figure 1. Collection localities of: 1 – Liposcelis bostrychophila, Psocus bipunctatus, 2 – Liposcelis formicaria, 3 – Liposcelis rufa, 4 – Liposcelis bostrychophila, 5 – Liposcelis bostrychophila, Lepinotus inquilinus, 6 – Liposcelis bostrychophila, 7 – Bertkauia lucifuga, 8 – Liposcelis bostrychophila, Lepinotus inquilinus, 9 – Liposcelis bostrychophila, 10 – Amphigerontia contaminata, Blaste conspurcata, 11 – Ectopsocus briggsi, 12 – Cerobasis guestfalica, Ectopsocus briggsi, Ectopsocus meridionalis, Psococerastis gibbosa, Peripsocus didymus, Trimerocaecilius popovi, Stenopsocus immaculatus, Trichadenotecnum majus, Trichadenotecnum innuptum, 13 – Cerobasis guestfalica, Trichopsocus dalii, 14 – Liposcelis bostrychophila, Cerobasis guestfalica, Ectopsocus briggsi, Ectopsocus meridionalis, Trichopsocus dalii, 15 – Liposcelis bostrychophila, 16 – Metylophorus nebulosus, 17 – Cerobasis guestfalica, Ectopsocus briggsi. Liposcelididae Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel, 1931 Material examined: Pirin Mts.: 9.8.2017, near Dobrinishte village, mixed forest near a stream (Alnus glutinosa, Pinus sylvestris, Salix sp.), under bark of dry brunch of Alnus glutinosa, N41 48 29.0 E23 33 30.3, 884 m a. s. l., 1 ♂, coll. by hand; Sarnena Gora Mts.: 26.3.2017, south of Kolena village, below Medven Peak, Quercus spp. and Carpinus orientalis forest, in detritus of Quercus sp., N42 27 06.4 E25 43 51.9, 222 m a. s. l., 1 ♀, coll. by sieving; West Rhodopes Mts.: 25.4.2017, between villages of Leska and Tsirka, Quercus spp. forest, under bark of dead trunk of Quercus sp., N41 32 45.5 E24 58 36.0, 604 m a. s. l., 1 ♀, coll. by sieving; East Rhodopes Mts.: 14.4.2017, north of Dabovets village, Quercus spp. and Carpinus orientalis forest, in detritus of Quercus sp. and Juniperus sp., N41 42 33.9 E25 58 00.3, 334 m a. s. l., 1 ♀, coll. by sieving; Upper Thracian Lowland: 28.4.2017, north of Lyubenovo village, bank of Sazliika River, flood forest of Salix sp., among small pieces of wood and detritus deposited by waters at the base of a willow, and under bark of a willow trunk, N42 12 33.2 E25 56 01.3, 99 m a. s. l., 3 ♀, coll. by sieving; Sakar Mts.: 30.4.2017, banks of Sokolitsa River near Obruchishte village, forest of Salix sp., Ulmus sp., and Acer negundo, under bark of dry brunches of living Prunus cerasifera, N42 08 09.9 E25 57 13.6, 116 m a. s. l., 1 Ecologica Montenegrina, 11, 2017, 74-79 75 NEW RECORDS OF PSOCOPTERA FROM BULGARIA ♀, coll. by sieving; North Black Sea Coast: 15.8.2017, near Kavarna town, Robinia pseudoacacia plantation, under bark of dry R. pseudoacacia, N43 25 09.6 E28 21 00.4, 48 m a. s. l., 1 ♀, coll. by sieving; 17.8.2017, near Bolata Beach, small patch of Prunus cerasifera trees, in a dead trunk of P. cerasifera in ants nest, N43 23 02.3 E28 28 18.0, at the sea level, 4 ♀, coll. by sieving. New record for Bulgaria. Liposcelis formicaria (Hagen, 1865) Material examined: West Rhodopes Mts.: 19.5.2017, south of Chepelare town, small meadow in Picea abies forest, in Formica cf. rufa nest, N41 41 46.0 E24 41 31.0, 1202 m a. s. l., 6 ♀, 1 nymph, coll. by sieving. The species was previously reported for Bulgaria by Giese (1964) without an exact locality as L. silvarum formicaria. Liposcelis rufa Broadhead, 1950 Material examined: West Rhodopes Mts.: 24.4.2017, Smolyan town, near the building of Plovdiv University, meadow with scattered trees and bushes, under bark of dry brunches of living Cerasus sativa, N41 34 42.3 E24 42 26.0, 923 m a. s. l., 3 ♀, 1 nymph, collected both by sieving and active search under bark. New record for Bulgaria. Epipsocidae Bertkauia lucifuga (Rambur, 1842) Material examined: East Rhodopes Mts., 11.6.2017, north of Pelevun village, among stones of an old wall of sheep pen, at the edge of Quercus sp. forest and meadow, N41 28 19.2 E26 00 07.5, 475 m a. s. l., 2 ♀, coll. by hand. The species was previously reported for Bulgaria by Lienhard (1998) without an exact locality. Stenopsocidae Stenopsocus immaculatus (Stephens, 1836) Material examined: South Black Sea Coast, 27.8.2017, near the estuary of Veleka River, Fraxinus sp. forest, found in a paddle on a dirt road, N42 03 48.5 E27 58 11.0, 4 m a. s. l., 1 ♀. New record for Bulgaria. Ectopsocidae Ectopsocus briggsi McLachlan, 1899 Material examined: North Black Sea Coast: 18.8.2017, Kavarna town, hotel “Sveti Georgi”, from a spider web (Family Theridiidae) of a balcony, N43 24 57.6 E28 21 19.2, 35 m a. s. l., 1 ♀, coll. dead by brush; 19.8.2017, near the beach of Shabla town and Dobrudzha camping, brunches of Prunus cerasifera, N43 33 52.5 E28 35 17.6, 20 m a. s. l., 1 ♂, coll. by beating the vegetation; South Black Sea Coast: 26.6.2017, north of Popski Beach near Tsarevo town, mixed broad leaf forest, brunches of Quercus sp., N42 10 53.7 E27 50 32.0, 9 m a. s. l., 1 ♀, coll. by beating the vegetation; 25.8.2017, south of Sinemorets village, near Lipite Beach, Quercus sp. forest, brunches of Quercus sp., N42 02 46.3 E27 59 27.7, 18 m a. s. l., 2 ♂, coll. by sweep netting; 25.8.2017, north of Sinemorets village, south part of Veleka Beach, from Phragmites australis, N42 03 54.6 E27 58 32.1, at the sea level, 1 ♀, coll. by sweep netting. New record for Bulgaria. Ectopsocus meridionalis Ribaga, 1904 Material examined: North Black Sea Coast: 16.8.2017, near the beach of Kavarna town, Fraxinus sp. forest near a stream, brunches of Fraxinus sp., N43 24 58.0 E28 20 59.8, 12 m a. s. l., 2 ♀, coll. by beating the vegetation; South Black Sea Coast: 24.8.2017, near Butamyata Beach, south of Sinemorets village, flood forest, brunches of Acer campestre and Ulmus minor, N42 03 11.1 E27 59 04.1, at the sea level, 2 ♀, coll. by beating the vegetation New record for Bulgaria.
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    NINE Phylum ARTHROPODA SUBPHYLUM HEXAPODA Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects ROD P. MACFARLANE, PETER A. MADDISON, IAN G. ANDREW, JOCELYN A. BERRY, PETER M. JOHNS, ROBERT J. B. HOARE, MARIE-CLAUDE LARIVIÈRE, PENELOPE GREENSLADE, ROSA C. HENDERSON, COURTenaY N. SMITHERS, RicarDO L. PALMA, JOHN B. WARD, ROBERT L. C. PILGRIM, DaVID R. TOWNS, IAN McLELLAN, DAVID A. J. TEULON, TERRY R. HITCHINGS, VICTOR F. EASTOP, NICHOLAS A. MARTIN, MURRAY J. FLETCHER, MARLON A. W. STUFKENS, PAMELA J. DALE, Daniel BURCKHARDT, THOMAS R. BUCKLEY, STEVEN A. TREWICK defining feature of the Hexapoda, as the name suggests, is six legs. Also, the body comprises a head, thorax, and abdomen. The number A of abdominal segments varies, however; there are only six in the Collembola (springtails), 9–12 in the Protura, and 10 in the Diplura, whereas in all other hexapods there are strictly 11. Insects are now regarded as comprising only those hexapods with 11 abdominal segments. Whereas crustaceans are the dominant group of arthropods in the sea, hexapods prevail on land, in numbers and biomass. Altogether, the Hexapoda constitutes the most diverse group of animals – the estimated number of described species worldwide is just over 900,000, with the beetles (order Coleoptera) comprising more than a third of these. Today, the Hexapoda is considered to contain four classes – the Insecta, and the Protura, Collembola, and Diplura. The latter three classes were formerly allied with the insect orders Archaeognatha (jumping bristletails) and Thysanura (silverfish) as the insect subclass Apterygota (‘wingless’). The Apterygota is now regarded as an artificial assemblage (Bitsch & Bitsch 2000).
  • FOOT and MOUTH DISEASE (FMD) BULGARIA 2011 Outbreak

    FOOT and MOUTH DISEASE (FMD) BULGARIA 2011 Outbreak

    No. 39 FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE (FMD) BULGARIA 2011 outbreak CHRONOLOGY OF MAIN EVENTS AND LIST OF DECISIONS ADOPTED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION Response to the outbreak in Bulgaria Situation as at 9 November 2011 EUROPEAN COMMISSION DG Health and Consumers Unit G2: Animal Health 1/27 No. 39 This document summarises the basic information relating to the outbreak of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in Bulgaria and related Union action. This focuses on the animal health aspects. A list of abbreviations can be found below. For additional information, please refer to the Decisions in the Official Journal, to the Commission’s foot and mouth disease webpage, including associated press releases. Several presentations mentioned in this chronology can be found there as well. All Commission Decisions (CDs) can be accessed via the EUR-Lex webpages. For more general animal health information, please refer to the Commission’s Animal Health web- pages. List of abbreviations used: BG Bulgaria LVU Local Veterinary Unit CD Commission Decision MS Member State CID Commission Implementing Decision NRL National Reference Laboratory CVO Chief Veterinary Officer OIE World Organisation for Animal Health EURL EU Reference Laboratory for FMD in Pirbright OJ Official Journal of the European Union EuFMD European Commission for the Control of foot and mouth SCoFCAH Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal disease Health FMD Foot and mouth disease TRACES TRAde Control and Expert System FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2/27 No. 39 Main events Date Main event Action by the European Commission Miscellaneous BG informs the On 30 December 2010, three European Commission wild boars were shot in about the occurrence Makevtci and one of those WED of a case of FMD in a displayed feet lesions.
  • PSOCOPTERA – BARKFLIES by Alan R

    PSOCOPTERA – BARKFLIES by Alan R

    NEGLECTED INSECTS IN BEDFORDSHIRE Beds Natural History Society Conference PSOCOPTERA – BARKFLIES by Alan R. Outen & Ian K. Dawson PSOCOPTERA Barkflies and Booklice (also sometimes referred to as Psocids) Small insects (1.5 – 7mm) with a domed postclypeus (the area at the front of the head between antennae and mouth); long filiform antennae; simple wing venation with two ‘triangular’ cells at tip of forewing; tendency to run rather than fly. Winged barkflies usually hold their wings tent-wise over their abdomens like miniature lacewings. These species can be confused with Psyllids but can be distinguished by gently touching them – psyllids jump away, barkflies don’t. Stenopsocus immaculatus – a common species in Beds. Note the strongly domed postclypeus and long filiform antennae Barkflies - Variations on a theme Some species don’t have full-sized (macropterous) wings but have them much reduced (brachypterous) or absent (apterous). They can be confused with springtails (which however will jump away when touched). Cerobasis guestfalica has been Embidopsocus enderleini recorded from several Beds sites An uncommon species not (yet) found in Beds Available Resources • Excellent British Barkflies website which via the gallery has been brilliant in facilitating identification of this group making them accessible to all. • 2005 RES Handbook is also very good. • Keith Alexander who runs the National Recording Scheme is very helpful. Graphopsocus cruciatus – a common and distinctive Bedfordshire species THE 2005 RES handbook is also excellent with keys that are much easier to follow than many mycological ones ! …….. A Stereo zoom binocular microscope is very useful though not essential ….. …….It is remarkable what can be achieved with the aid of digital photography !! Stenopsocus immaculatus PSOCOPTERA – BARKFLIES 98 British spp in total of which 69 live outdoors, the rest are synanthropic.