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Das Selbstverständnis Des Skalden. Eine Untersuchung Zu Den Selbstaussagen

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Das Selbstverständnis Des Skalden. Eine Untersuchung Zu Den Selbstaussagen Das Selbstverständnis des Skalden. Eine Untersuchung zu den Selbstaussagen in der Dichtung Dissertation zu Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Philosophischen Fakultät der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel vorgelegt von Ann-Dörte Kyas Kiel 2009 Erstgutachterin: Prof. Dr. Edith Marold Zweitgutachter: Prof Dr. Klaus Böldl Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 25.05.2009 Durch den zweiten Prodekan, Prof. Dr. Michael Düring zum Druck genehmigt am: 01.06.2012 2 Inhalt Danksagung .............................................................................................................................. 5 Allgemeines Abkürzungsverzeichnis .......................................................................................... 6 Abkürzungsverzeichnis für Gedichte und Strophen .................................................................. 8 I. Einleitung ............................................................................................................................ 14 Stand der Forschung ......................................................................................................... 16 Materialgrundlage ............................................................................................................ 24 Grundlegende Überlegungen .............................................................................................. 27 Hinweise zur Benutzung ................................................................................................... 38 II. Das Selbstbild des Dichters ................................................................................................ 41 1 Die Beziehung des Dichters zu seiner Dichtung .............................................................. 41 1.1Der Dichter ................................................................................................................ 41 Exkurs: Bezeichnung des Dichters mit dem eigenen Namen .......................................... 66 Exkurs: Der Mythos vom Dichtermet ............................................................................ 88 1.2 Das Gedicht ............................................................................................................ 128 1.3 Der Gedichtvortrag ................................................................................................. 159 1.4 Zusammenfassung: Das Dichterbild ........................................................................ 207 2 Die Beziehung des Dichters zum Fürsten ...................................................................... 209 2.1. Aufgaben des Dichters am Fürstenhof ................................................................... 209 2.2 Charakterisierung der Beziehung zwischen dem Skalden und dem Fürsten ............ 255 Exkurs: Der trauernde Skalde ....................................................................................... 298 2.3Zusammenfassung .................................................................................................... 306 III. Preisliedstrophen und Lausavísur im Vergleich .............................................................. 307 1 Formelhafte Äußerungen: Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede .................................... 307 1.1Gemeinsamkeiten ..................................................................................................... 307 1.2 Unterschiede ........................................................................................................... 317 2 Preisliedstrophen und Lausavísur einzelner Dichter ....................................................... 318 3 2.1 Egill Skalla-Grímsson............................................................................................... 319 2.2 Sigvatr Þórðarson ..................................................................................................... 322 2.3 Þjóðólfr Arnórsson ..................................................................................................... 326 3 >Umkehrungen<: objektorientierte Lausavísur und subjektorientierte Preisliedstrophen ......................................................................................................................................... 328 3.1 Unpersönliche Lausavísur .......................................................................................... 329 3.2 Persönliche Preisliedstrophen ...................................................................................... 334 4 Zusammenfassung.......................................................................................................... 336 IV. Entwicklung des Dichterbildes vom 10. bis zum 14. Jahrhundert .................................. 337 1 Kontinuität: Die Verwendung formelhafter Ausdrücke ................................................. 337 2 Wandel: Ein neues Dichterbild im Zeichen der Dichterdemut ..................................... 350 3 Fazit ............................................................................................................................... 355 V. Schlussbetrachtung .......................................................................................................... 356 VI. Literaturverzeichnis ........................................................................................................ 359 VI. 1 Primärliteratur ......................................................................................................... 359 VI. 2 Nachschlagewerke .................................................................................................... 361 VI. 3 Sekundärliteratur ..................................................................................................... 362 VII. Anhang.......................................................................................................................... 369 VII. 1 Tabelle: Selbstaussagen in den Preisliedstrophen ................................................... 369 VII. 2 Lebenslauf .............................................................................................................. 407 4 Danksagung Ich möchte mich bei meiner Betreuerin Frau Prof. Dr. Edith Marold für ihre langjährige Unterstützung bedanken. Ebenso bin ich Herrn Prof Dr. Klaus Böldl zu Dank verpflichtet, für die kurzfristige Übernahme der Zweitkorrektur und die Anregungen in der Endphase meiner Dissertation. Ich danke den Teilnehmern des Doktorandenkolloquiums (Eiken Friedrichsen, Lydia Klos und Katharina Baier) für das Lesen früherer Entwürfe dieser Dissertation und ihre hilfreichen Diskussionsbeiträge und Korrekturvorschläge. Insbesondere Elisabeth Axnick hat den Text dieser Dissertation äußerst gründlich Korrektur gelesen und viele wertvolle Vorschläge gemacht. Ich danke auch herzlichst Margaret Clunies Ross und Tarrin Wills dafür, dass sie mir Zugang zum Editionsprojekt SkP gewährt haben. Der Arbeitsgruppe Norrøn filologi an der Universität Oslo danke ich für die freundliche Aufnahme, während meines dortigen Aufenthalts. Ebenso möchte ich dem Land Schleswig- Holstein für die Gewährung eines Stipendiums (2005 – 2007) bedanken. Schließlich gilt mein besonderer Dank meiner Familie und Schwiegerfamilie für ihre langjährige Unterstützung, besonders aber vor allem meinem lieben Ehemann Marcel. Oslo 2009 5 Allgemeines Abkürzungsverzeichnis Anon anonyme Verse (Fragmente) Baetke Wörterbuch zur altnordischen Prosaliteratur (Walter Baetke) Eb Eyrbyggja saga Eg Egils saga Skalla-Grímssonar Fbr Fóstbræðra saga Flat Flateyjarbók Fsk Fagrskinna Gr Grettis saga Ásmundarsonar Háv Hávarðar saga Ísfirðings Hgóð Hákonar saga góða Hhárf Haralds saga hárfagra ÍF Islenzk fornrit Korm Kormáks saga Ǫgmundarsonar Laxd Laxdœla saga LP Lexicon Poeticum Lv Lausavísur (Sg. Lausavísa) Mgóð Magnús saga góða MH Magnús saga góða ok Haralds hardráða Mork Morkinskinna NN Notationes norrœnæ ÓH Óláfs saga helga ÓT Óláfs saga Tryggvasonar Pl Preisliedstrophe PWF Prosawortfolge Skald Den norsk-isländska skaldediktningen (Ernst A. Kock) Skj Den norsk-islandske skjaldedigtning. (Finnur Jónsson) Skm Skáldskaparmál 6 SkP Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages SnE Snorra Edda Snegl Sneglu-Halla þáttr Vsp Vǫluspá 7 Abkürzungsverzeichnis für Gedichte und Strophen SkP Skj/ LP Bezeichnung Anon AndrVII Andr Andréasdrápa Anon GyðVII Gyð Gyðingsvísur Anon HeilVII Heil Heilagra manna drápa Anon HeildrVII Heilv Heilags anda drápa (SkP)/ vísur (Skj) Anon HsvVII Hsv Hugsvinnmál Anon LeiðVII Leið Leiðarvísan Anon LiðsI Liðs(m) Liðsmannaflokkr Anon LíknVII Líkn Líknarbraut Anon LilVII Lil Lilja Anon MdrVII Mdr Máríudrápa Anon MeyVII Mey Heilagra meyja drápa Anon MgrVII Mgr Drápa af Máríugrát (Skj)/ Máríugrátr Anon Mv I-IIIVII Mv I-III Máríuvísur I – III Anon MhkvIII Mhkv Málsháttakvæði Anon MlagII Mlag ein Gedicht (Erfidrápa?) auf Magnús lagabœtir Anon NktII Nkt Nóregs konunggatal Anon ÓldrI Ód Óláfs drápa Tryggvasonar Anon PétVII Pét Pétrsdrápa Anon VitnVII Vitn Vitnisvísur Árm LvII Árm Ármóðr skáld (Lausavísur) Arn HardrII Arn 6 Erfidrápa auf Haraldr harðráði (Arnórr jarlaskáld) Arn HermIII Arn 4 Gedicht über Hermundr Illugason (Arnórr jarlaskáld) Arn HrynII Arn 2 Hrynhenda (Arnórr jarlaskáld) Arn MagndrII Arn 3 Magnúsdrápa (Arnórr jarlaskáld) 8 Arn RǫgndrII Arn 1 Rǫgnvaldsdrápa (Arnórr jarlaskáld) Arn ÞorfdrII Arn 5 Þorfinnsdrápa (Arnórr jarlaskáld) Arngr GdIV Gdβ Guðmundardrápa des Arngrímr ábóti Brandsson Árni GdIV Gd Guðmundardrápa des Árni ábóti Jónsson Bersi ÓlflI Bersi 1 Flokkr auf Óláfr helgi (Bersi Skáld-Torfuson) Bersi LvI Bersi 2 Bersi Skáld-Torfuson (Lausavísa) Bjbp JómsI Jóms Jómsvíkingadrápa (Bjarni
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