Local Development Plan Manual
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Development Plans Manual Edition 3 March 2020 Contents Chapter Page No. 1. Introduction • Purpose of the Manual 2 2. Plan Context • Development Plan Manual and Legislation 4 • Development Plan Context 5 • General Conformity 7 • Joint Local Development Plans (JLDPs) 10 • Collaborative Working 10 • Welsh Government Role 10 3. LDP Preparation Process – Key Stages Overview • Delivering Sustainable Development - An Integrated and Inclusive 13 LDP Preparation Process • Key Outcomes of the LDP System 15 • Form and Structure of an LDP 16 • Key Stages of Plan Preparation 19 • Delivery Agreement and Community Involvement Scheme 22 • Candidate Sites 30 • Developing an Evidence Base 48 • Preferred Strategy 50 • Deposit Plan 56 • Submission 60 4. Impact Assessments and Opportunities for Integration • Sustainability Appraisal (SA) incorporating Strategic Environmental 63 Assessment (SEA) and Habitats Regulation Assessment (HRA) • Integrated Assessment Approach 64 • The Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015 64 • Welsh Language 65 • Equality Impact Assessment 66 • Health Impact Assessment 66 • Development Plan Hierarchy 67 • Public Involvement – Legislative Requirements and Best Practice 67 • Stages of SA Preparation 70 • HRA 82 5. Preparing an LDP– Core Issues • Creating Sustainable Places: Demonstrating Delivery and 89 Implementation of a Development Plan • De-risking Plan Checklist 90 • Placemaking in the Development Plan Process 91 • Place Plans 94 • Spatial Strategy 95 • Planning for Housing and Economic Growth 102 • Assessing Housing and Economic Growth 106 • Housing Provision and Supply Components 115 • Preparing a Housing Trajectory 122 • Employment – Components of Supply and Policy Framework 132 • Gypsy and Traveller Provision 135 • Viability Testing for a Development Plan 138 • Implementation and Delivery 150 6. Overview of Submission, Examination & Adoption Requirements • Preparing for Submission 159 • Focussed Changes (FCs) 162 • Submission 164 • Soundness Tests and Checks 165 • Examination 167 • Inspector’s Report and Adoption 172 7. Other Procedural Matters and Considerations • Plan Withdrawal 176 • High Court Challenge 176 • Period for which an LDP has Effect 176 • Emerging or Outdated Plans 177 • Availability of Documents 178 • Notices 178 • Welsh and English Language in the Plan Making Process 179 • Welsh Government’s Powers in the Plan Preparation Process 179 • Blight and Avoiding Blight 180 • Transitional and Saving Provisions (2005 Provisions) 181 8. Monitoring, Review & Revision • Monitoring, Review and Revision 183 • The Monitoring Framework 183 • Annual Monitoring Reports (AMRs) 189 • Review and Revision 198 • Short Form Revision 201 9. Supplementary Planning Guidance (SPG) • What is the Status of Supplementary Planning Guidance (SPG)? 208 • Consultation, Preparation and Monitoring considerations 210 10. Strategic Development Plans (SDPs) • Legal Requirements of an SDP 213 • Key Aspects of an SDP 214 • Content of an SDP 215 • Key Drivers of Change 218 • Ability to Accommodate Change 219 • Spatial Concepts – Examples of Potential Concepts 221 • Examination 224 • Local Development Plan Lites (LDPLs) 225 11. Glossary • Glossary 226 Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Purpose of the Manual 1.1 The Development Plans Manual, ‘The Manual’, is an online reference document for practitioners who are responsible for, or contribute to, the preparation and implementation of development plans. It contains practical guidance on how to prepare, monitor and revise a development plan, underpinned by robust evidence to ensure that plans are effective and deliverable and contribute to placemaking, as defined in national policy set out in Planning Policy Wales (PPW). 1.2 Legislation setting the context for Local Development Plans (LDPs), the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004 (PCPA 2004) has been in place for over a decade with most Local Planning Authorities (LPAs) having an adopted plan and have either commenced, or will shortly commence, a revision of their plan. The Manual has embedded lessons learnt to date with a focus on the practical aspects of achieving more deliverable plans. As plans continue to evolve the Welsh Government is seeking to reinforce the plan-led system, with plans making a real difference on the ground, achieving practical and positive improvements for local communities and businesses. 1.3 This Manual has been written in the context of current national policy (PPW) and legislation, the PCPA 2004, the Planning (Wales) Act (PWA) 2015 and associated Regulations (The Town and Country Planning (Local Development Plan) (Wales) Regulations 2005 (as amended 2015)). It will be updated to ensure best practice and policy changes are embedded in a timely manner. This will be particularly important to respond effectively to updates to national planning policy set out in PPW, future publication of the National Development Framework (NDF), Strategic Development Plans (SDPs) and related Local Development Plan Lites (LDPLs) as they come forward. However, users should also take account of legislation and policy that is relevant but not specific to planning, such as the Regulations and Statutory National Standards for Sustainable Drainage Systems that came into force from January 2019. 1.4 It is recognised a substantial amount of work and resources are required to undertake a development plan. With increasing pressure on public resources, a key consideration will be how to build on the skills and knowledge gained in order to prepare more effective, efficient and deliverable plans, as well as better outcomes across individual Local Authority (LA) boundaries and functionally linked areas. 1.5 The Manual incorporates lessons learned to date, best practice in resolving issues and how to ‘de-risk’ plans through the preparation of a robust and focussed evidence base. The Manual clarifies the expectations of Welsh Government with regard to the plan making process. 2 Chapter 2: Plan Context 3 Development Plan Manual and Legislation 2.1 The Manual forms part of a suite of documents that translate our commitment to deliver sustainable development through the planning system (Diagram 1). The Manual should be read in conjunction with PPW and relevant legislation. Diagram 1: Suite of Documents 2.2 The Manual does not constitute national policy; it is guidance. LPAs must have regard to guidance when preparing an LDP (section 75, PCPA 2004). The Manual states the ‘Tests of Soundness’ which must be satisfied in order for a development plan to be considered ‘sound’ and able to be recommended for adoption. Regulations and national policy relating to preparing LDPs have been published separately. Throughout the Manual references to an LDP include an initial LDP or any subsequent revision to the initial LDP. The Manual reflects examination guidance issued by the Planning Inspectorate Wales (PINS Wales) which is available on their website. The following legislation and guidance is of particular relevance to LDPs and should be read in conjunction with the Manual: • The Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004 (PCPA 2004) Part 6 • The Planning (Wales) Act 2015 (PWA 2015) • The Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015 (WBFGA 2015) • The Town and Country Planning (Local Development Plan) (Wales) Regulations 2005 (as amended 2015) • Planning Policy Wales (PPW) latest edition (Welsh Government) • Planning Your Community (Public Guide to Local Development Plans) (2006) (Welsh Government) • Local Development Plan Examinations: Procedure Guidance (2015) (Planning Inspectorate Wales) • LDPs: Preparing for submission – Guidance for Local Planning Authorities [2015] (Planning Inspectorate Wales) • Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), Sustainability Appraisal (SA) and Habitats Regulations Assessment (HRA) • Environment (Wales) Act 2016, including section 6 and Area Statements 4 • Sustainable Drainage (SuDS) Statutory Guidance and Statutory National Standards for Sustainable Drainage Systems (Welsh Government) Development Plan Context National Development Framework (NDF) 2.3 Part 3 of the Planning (Wales) Act 2015 amends section 60 of the PCPA 2004 enabling the Welsh Ministers to prepare and review an NDF for Wales. The NDF will be a development plan, setting out the policies of the Welsh Ministers and will comprise part of the statutory development plan to be used in decision making, when published. 2.4 The NDF is currently being prepared and is anticipated to be published by Welsh Ministers in autumn 2020. When published, it will form part of the statutory development plan hierarchy and replace the Wales Spatial Plan (WSP). All references in legislation to the WSP will, following publication of the NDF, be replaced by references to the NDF. References to the WSP will be superseded by the NDF in the tests of soundness. The NDF will be reviewed on a 5 year cycle, reflecting an Assembly term. 2.5 All SDPs and LDPs prepared in Wales will have to be in general conformity with the NDF, when published. LPAs will need to consider the implications for any LDP when the NDF is published. The Planning (Wales) Act 2015 (section 68A) states that following publication of the NDF an LPA must consider whether to carry out a review of an LDP. Strategic Development Plan (SDP) 2.6 Part 3 of the Planning (Wales) Act 2015 provides the legislative framework to bring forward an SDP. SDPs have been introduced to deal more effectively with cross boundary issues and achieve better planning outcomes. The relevant provisions to Part 3 facilitating progression of