Unitary Development Plan
Adopted March 2000
Planning Services Environment London Borough of Camden Town Hall Argyle Street London WC1H 8ND
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 1 Photography by Dean Hollowood Tel:07970 867 583
2 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan Click here to go to Proposals Map
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Contents CONTENTS
Foreword 5
1 Introduction to the Plan 7
l
2 Part 1: Strategic statement 13
2
3 Resources, implementation and monitoring 43
4 Environment 63
5 Transport 157
6 Housing 217
7 Economic activities 247
8 Shopping and local services 265
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 3 449 GlossaryReferencesIndex of Part 2 policiesGeneral index 489 471 469 496 17 schedules Proposals 14Area Central London 15 Areas Special Policy 359 16 standards Development 405 423 12 utilities and services Public 13Area Opportunity Cross King’s 335 347 10 culture and Leisure 11 Tourism 311 325 9 uses and community Social 295 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development
CONTENTS 4 FOREWORD 5 John Thane John Committee Chair of Environment The London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan (UDP) sets Plan of Camden UnitaryThe London Borough Development of the use and development for and proposals policies out the Council’s the Borough. land and buildings in consultation and a public inquiry after extensive The UDP was adopted of Camden an opportunity in the future with an interest those which gave policies. Plan’s on the their say to have residents, Many businesses and a Plan that parties to create other interested participated process in this built and natural the Borough’s in shaping a central role will have the coming years. over environment of trying for to balance competing needs and demands Planning is a way land. which are and social pressures environmental Camden faces many its central location in London.intensified by of It is also a borough a decent quality of life aspirations for whose communities residential need to be protected. increasingly creates alike visitors and residents for of the Borough The attractiveness development. new demand for control, Without careful this can lead to congestion, local prices and the displacement of uses valued by high land communities. the implementation of through these effects The Council seeks to reduce the planning policies, contained in this UDP,which and proposals standards the Council intends to deal with planning,set out how transport and issues.environmental way, In this can manage change while protecting we environment. what is best about the Borough’s Foreword London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE PLAN 7 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 1the Plan to Introduction Town and Country Planning Act 1990 (as amended by the Planning and Act 1990 (as amended by and Country Planning Town and Country Planning Town Act 1991) and the Compensation Plans) (England) Regulations 1999.(Development Explanatory government Guidance in Planning Policy plans is given guidance on development (PPG) 1: and Principles (1997) and PPG 12: General Policy Development Plans (1999). plan-led system.development of the PPG1 summarises the objectives system as: decisions on planning applications and contain proposals for the for and contain proposals decisions on planning applications and use of land.development and Country Town Section 54A of the to build on land or that decisions on proposals Act 1990 requires Planning plan with the development change its use should be made in accordance unless material considerations indicate otherwise. 1990 (as amended) to prepare a single or unitary development plan (UDP) a single or unitary development 1990 (as amended) to prepare the for policies and proposals containing both strategic and detailed its area. throughout and use of land and premises development The Plan was adopted on of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development of the Borough. to the whole of the area 2000 and applies 2 March It and supersedes the Greater area the plan for the sole development forms statutory Plan (1979) and the following local plans: London Development 1 Plan); of Camden Local Plan 1987 (Borough London Borough 2 Plan 1978; Area Action Garden) GLC (Covent 3 Action Area Plan Town 1979. Camden Development Plan Development Development Plan Development London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 1.4 commitment to the emphasise the government’s PPG1 and PPG12 1.3 of the UDP comprises the legislation influencing the preparation The key 1.2 the basis for plans set out planning polices to provide Development 2Unitary Purpose of the 1.1Act and Country Planning Town the by is required Each London borough 1the Plan to Introduction 1 a Unitary prepare to Requirement
1 INTRODUCTION TO THE PLAN 8 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE PLAN 9 – these set out the Council’s reasoning for each policy. for reasoning – these set out the Council’s – these will normally apply to the implementation of apply – these will normally – these set out the criteria against which proposals for – these set out the criteria against which proposals This contains general strategic policies for the use and for This contains general strategic policies policies control detailed local development This contains more Part 1: of land and buildings in the Borough,development within the formulated guidance including RPG3: government context of relevant Strategic Authorities (1996). London Planning Guidance for It also contains in Camden, and working sections on the Camden context (living issues and problems), overall Council’s and the of the Borough the structure strategic policy approach.Theof planning policies set out at the end policies and proposals local planning for the framework Part 1 provide contained in Partin each of the topic chapters 2. Part 2: in the of land and buildings the use and development for and proposals Borough. Part 2 is divided into topic chapters, each of which is prefaced a and Part to that topic area 1 policies related the relevant by these Partjustification for 1 policies. Part 2 also contains the Resources, (explaining the Implementation and Monitoring chapter implementing the Plan), for available resources the Development to the which apply (containing standards chapter Standards Schedules and the Proposals proposals) implementation of development potential and sites and their development key (highlighting chapter major transport proposals). Policies will be assessed.development or location the nature control may They form. as its physical as well of development Justifications amplification to the policy and in some cases spell an provide may They out exceptions to policy. to Supplementary also refer may They these are Planning Guidance and to non-planning policies (where policies). and complement the Plan’s relevant should be read They together with the policies. Standards planning proposals. parking density and Examples include residential standards. (para 41). Proposals Map.Proposals parts:Written Statement is in two The a b c • and consistent decisions; ensuring rational •certainty; greater achieving • plan polices; local in shaping public involvement securing • planning decisions; quicker facilitating and • and appeals applications planning of misconceived the number reducing London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 1.5Written Statement and a Plan comprises a The Unitary Development 1.6Written Statement contain: Parts 1 and 2 of the 3 and content Form
1 – these are developed for land use and transport. land for developed – these are Land use Proposals key of to the development of intent relating statements are proposals sites within the Borough.Council, be in may They or private public or provision to the improvement relate proposals ownership.Transport Plan also hierarchy.The of the road and designation of infrastructure of open spaces,contains a schedule on the information which provides land. designation of open framework for development for at least 15 years from the base date of the from at least 15 years for development for framework Plan, the Plan’s from an duration of 10 years whilst Part 2 should have adoption date.forecast The base date of the Plan is 1991, the date of the last Census of Population, adoption date was forecast the Plan’s while 1995/6. has an end date of 2006. The Plan therefore of the Plan. detailed guidance on good additional provide It is intended to be policies in the Plan should practice and amplification of how implemented. As such, to approach overall it helps to explain the Council’s issues,environmental a framework practice and provide encourage good and consistently considerations comprehensively taking environmental for implemented. are into account when proposals planning in Camden without becoming excessively long and detailed. excessively planning in Camden without becoming The to supplement matters further guidance on relevant Council has prepared planning applications. preparing the content of the Plan and assist those the full status in deciding the policies in the Plan have Although only and Town section 54A of the by which is conferred planning applications Act 1990,Country Planning contained in Supplementary information in ‘material’ consideration a as be regarded Planning Guidance (SPG) may decisions. d policies relate. and proposals proposals. It includes transport-related Map the Proposals between of interpretation conflict is any there Where Written Statement, prevails. Written Statement and the the
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 1.10 a strategic PPG12 suggests that Part 1 of UDPs should look to provide 5 Timescale and review 1.9 partand does not form outside the UDP process The SPG document lies 1.8 to relevant on all matters that are The UDP cannot contain information 4 Supplementary Planning Guidance 1.7 to which of the Borough the sites and areas shows Map Proposals The
1 INTRODUCTION TO THE PLAN 10 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE PLAN 11 should be reviewed regularly. reviewed should be will of review and frequency The timing context such as Plan’s and changes in the depend on local circumstances strategic guidance.new in full plans should be reviewed It is expected that years, five at least once every as appropriate. with partialreviews It is the of the Plan to cover review embark on an early intention to Council’s to cover and review early for the UPD Inspector matters identified by evolved,topics which have subject to significant change, or been since the report. publication of the Inspector’s London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 1.11 be as up-to-date as possible and therefore states that plans should PPG1 2 PART 1: STRATEGIC STATEMENT 13 6 structure Borough 7 1 policies Part 31 36 1 Introduction2 framework Policy 3 context Camden 4 and problems Issues 5 Strategic approach 15 16 19 24 27 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 2 Part 1: statement Strategic 2 Part 1: Strategic statement STRATEGIC2 PART STATEMENT 1:
1 Introduction
Introduction to Part I
2.1 Part I of the Plan forms a strategic statement, outlining the Council’s strategic approach to policies for the development and use of land within the Borough. It includes sections on the policy framework, the Camden context (living and working in Camden, issues and problems), goals and principles, and an explanation of the structure of the Borough. It concludes with a number of Part 1 strategic policies which provide the framework for planning policies and proposals in each of the topic chapters contained in Part 2 of the Plan.
Introduction to the Borough
2.2 The Borough of Camden is defined as an inner London borough, although only part of the Borough (the Central London Area) lies within London’s central core. The Borough has an area of approximately 22 square kilometres and a population of 192,000 (Greater London Authority estimate for 2000).
2.3 The Borough is centrally located, between Westminster and the City to the south, Brent to the west, Barnet and Haringey to the north and Islington to the East. It lies immediately adjacent to the City and the West End, stretching northwards from Holborn, Bloomsbury and Fitzrovia through King’s Cross, Camden Town, Kentish Town, Primrose Hill and Swiss Cottage to the “urban villages” of Hampstead and Highgate. It thus forms a small but important part of Europe’s major capital city, with a concentration of shops, offices, hotels, the country’s legal centre, London University and large teaching hospitals, together with residential areas of character and elegance and renowned urban squares and green spaces. Well over 200,000 people work in Camden.
2.4 The southern part of the Borough is dominated by activities of metropolitan and international significance in the fields of education, law, medicine, the arts, broadcasting, business, commerce, tourism and transport. Several important national and international companies in the fields of business, finance and supporting services have their headquarters here.The area also supports a number of residential communities, a major shopping centre (Tottenham Court Road) and local shops and services, which contribute to the vitality and mixed use character of the area.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 15 PR :STRATEGIC2 PART STATEMENT 1: 2.5 On the north side of Euston Road much development has taken place or is proposed around the major stations of King’s Cross, St Pancras and Euston and their associated goods yards. Further north, the Borough becomes more residential in character. Residential communities here are served by the three major shopping centres of Kilburn High Road, Finchley Road/Swiss Cottage and Camden Town, characterised not only by a concentration of shops, but also by a mix of uses and local services. There are also a number of smaller district and neighbourhood centres.
2.6 The Borough has a number of open spaces and landscape features of strategic significance, including Hampstead Heath, Primrose Hill, Regent’s Park and the Regent’s Canal. It also has excellent communication links by rail with the north and east of the country and direct links with south London, Kent and Sussex via Thameslink rail services. Camden may also become a significant entry point into Europe, following government announcements that St Pancras will be the second terminus for the international Channel Tunnel rail route via Stratford.
2 Policy framework
National context
2.7 National policies are expressed in a range of government White Papers, Planning Policy Guidance Notes (PPGs), Regional Planning Guidance Notes (RPGs), Departmental Circulars and Ministerial Statements. PPGs and RPGs are the principal source of policy guidance on planning matters whilst planning Circulars tend to focus on legislative and procedural matters. References are made to various forms of guidance throughout the Plan. The most significant of these are described below.
2.8 This Common Inheritance (White Paper Cm 1200, 1990) sets out Britain’s environmental strategy. It includes a general objective of protecting the physical environment through the planning system and other controls and incentives (para 2.7). In a section on land use and the planning system, the paper suggests that conservation and development should not necessarily be regarded as being in conflict. Some priorities are primarily economic, such as: • growth in the national, regional and local economies; • land and premises to provide people with jobs; • housing to meet the need of all sectors of society; • safe and efficient transport systems; and • access to shops which provide choice and value (para 6.5).
16 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 2.9 Other priorities have conservation as their focus: STRATEGIC2 PART STATEMENT 1: • maintaining the character, as well as the vitality, of town and city centres; • revitalising older urban areas, so that they become more pleasant places to live and work in; • safeguarding and improving the amenity of residential districts; and • giving high priority to conserving the built heritage, to good design in new development and to encouraging the arts (para 6.6).
2.10 A further important source of national planning policy is the series of Planning Policy Guidance notes (PPGs), and these have been taken into account in the formulation of UDP policy. PPG1: Policy and Principles (1997) emphasises the government’s commitment to a plan-led system of development control and reaffirms that an application for planning permission or an appeal ‘shall be determined in accordance with the plan, unless material considerations indicate otherwise’ (para 40). PPG1 also contains guidance on three key areas – sustainable development, mixed use and design.
2.11 PPG12: Development Plans (1999) also contains guidance on the preparation of development plans. It identifies a number of key topics to be considered and addressed in development plans (paras 3.2 and 3.3): • any regional and strategic guidance given by the Secretary of State; • current national policies; • the resources likely to be available; • social, economic and environmental considerations; • the conservation of the natural beauty and amenity of the land; • the improvement of the physical environment; and • the management of traffic.
2.12 In particular, authorities “should consider the relationship of planning policies and proposals to social needs and problems, including their likely impact on different groups in the population, such as ethnic minorities, religious groups, elderly and disabled people, single parent families, students, and disadvantaged people living in deprived areas” (para 4.13).
Strategic context
2.13 In 1996, the Secretary of State for the Environment issued Strategic Guidance for London Planning Authorities (RPG3).This provides a framework for the preparation of unitary development plans by London boroughs. Strategic Guidance incorporates the London Planning Advisory Committee (LPAC) fourfold vision for London as a city with: • a strong economy; • a high quality environment; • a sustainable future; and • opportunities for all.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 17 PR :STRATEGIC2 PART STATEMENT 1: 2.14 The objectives of Strategic Guidance (para. 1.14) to which local planning authorities must have regard in preparing their plans are to: • promote London as a world city, recognising its role as a world class business, commercial, educational and heritage centre; • maintain and enhance the competitiveness of business, including encouraging manufacturing, services, tourism, culture and the arts; • encourage a pattern of land use and provision of transport which minimises harm to the environment and reduces the need to travel especially by car, consistent with the principles of sustainable development; • promote urban regeneration, particularly in areas requiring physical improvement or the enhancement of employment opportunities; • enhance the vitality, viability and character of town and other local centres as shopping and community facilities that are accessible to all; • maximise housing provision in London, consistent with maintaining environmental quality, to meet the changing needs of the population; • maintain and improve the natural and open environment, including Metropolitan Open Land and areas of national and international significance; • improve the quality and attractiveness of London’s urban environment to benefit those who visit, live, work and do business in London; • facilitate the development of transport systems which are safe and efficient, and which contribute to the achievement of competitiveness, regeneration and environmental quality; and • seek to improve air quality, to reduce waste, pollution and the use of energy, and to encourage recycling.
2.15 Strategic Guidance also highlights the role of central London as a world business and commercial centre, but one which also provides cultural, retail, tourism and other services which are of national and international significance. It also emphasises that the area contains a significant residential population which contributes to the life and character of London, as well as including elements of the workforce vital to the centre’s economic and other functions. Boroughs are urged to recognise the importance of all these activities and make proper allowance for them in drafting and reviewing their UDPs.
2.16 Camden’s Unitary Development Plan draws on a number of areas of research conducted by or on behalf of LPAC to inform the process of reviewing strategic guidance. Detailed references to studies undertaken or commissioned by LPAC appear in individual topic chapters.
18 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 3 Camden context STRATEGIC2 PART STATEMENT 1:
The environment
2.17 Camden represents a cross-section of urban London, from the commercial districts adjoining the City of London to the south, through residential suburbs built in the Victorian and Edwardian eras, to the open spaces of the Hampstead/Highgate Ridge further north. There is over 100 metres difference in levels from the north to the south of the Borough, which accounts for the magnificent views of central London and its historic buildings attained from Hampstead Heath and Primrose Hill.
2.18 Camden’s attractiveness is largely based on the survival of a rich and diverse architectural and cultural heritage.A number of distinctive areas can be identified, some of them associated with a particular use or mix of activities, others identified by their architectural integrity. Included amongst these are, for example, the Hatton Garden area, with its long-established jewellery trade; Bloomsbury, with its publishers of fine books and associations with painters, scholars and literary figures; and part of the restored Covent Garden area with its street musicians, craft market and community activities.
2.19 The Borough contains a wide diversity of buildings, reflecting a range of uses, architectural styles and periods. There are a number of historic set pieces, including, within the Bloomsbury area, with its formal layout of streets and squares, some of the finest examples of Georgian town planning in Britain. There are also small, well-preserved pockets of domestic architecture.
2.20 The Council has designated 34 conservation areas, where there is a special responsibility for preserving and enhancing the character and appearance of the area. These cover some 48% of the land area of the Borough. In addition, there are some 4,000 buildings throughout the Borough that are listed as being of historic or architectural interest, including, for example, Kenwood House and St Pancras Station (both Grade I) as well as more recent developments. Many other buildings are of local significance (for example, fine examples of post-war housing estates that break the traditional pattern of roads and selective redevelopment that has been woven successfully into the urban fabric). Some of the high buildings of this period have become well known landmarks that add to the skyline of church spires and other notable buildings.
2.21 Camden also has a substantial legacy of open spaces that break up the dense urban fabric and provide amenity space for residents, visitors and people working in the Borough. In the south, there are the formal gardens and squares of the Inns of Court and the Bloomsbury area, whilst the central part of Camden contains some of the most attractive open spaces, many designated as Metropolitan Open Land (of strategic importance) – for example, Regent’s Park, Primrose Hill, Hampstead Heath and Waterlow
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 19 increasing since 1983 (GLA estimate for 2000, since 1983 (GLA estimate for increasing based on the 1991 Census). Three main rail termini (King’s Cross, main rail termini (King’s Three St Pancras and Euston, with about north serve all areas of London. each day) 80,000 passenger arrivals King’s on Court important Holborn are Road and interchanges Cross,Tottenham network.the underground are networks Most of the rail and main road central London, towards oriented radially being with the major exceptions Hampstead West Richmond through the orbital North London Link from Road, and the Inner Ring Woolwich to Northwhich of Town and Camden a part.Euston Road forms bus services of is a dense network in the There central part of the Borough, further and most concentrations in the important centres. car (28%) being made by with longer journeys of journeys) (43% residents and public transport (23%). In 1991, 56% of households in Camden did not access to a car.have in the Bus passengers entering central London declining up to 1992,morning peak were stabilised have but since then they started to increase.and have the Camden section, For were the 1996 flows than in 1992.10% greater Since 1992, in has been substantial growth there usage,Camden Underground has exacerbated congestion and safety which problems. at rail fluctuations in passenger journeys been similar have There stations in Camden. links into central London carry in the 14,000 vehicles Camden road morning peak period each weekday. cross A total of 300,000 vehicles each day.Camden heading east or west past decade, the Over the flow the same part at roughly of central London has remained Camden’s across in 1991. per day – 170,000 vehicles level Not surprisingly, traffic speeds are low. 8 mph, speed of just over an average in 1990-91 recorded Surveys to 12 mph in 1980-83.compared During this period, of cycles the volume fluctuated. on Camden roads and motorcycles After a dramatic rise in 1982, decline, a period of gradual by followed stabilising. now are numbers ten years. are, There on average, each year. than 1,800 casualties fewer Of these, in serious injury in now 200 result are – fatal traffic accidents over single figures. Camden’s population Camden’s Transport Park. Canal, Regent’s is also the There of level the street which runs below Town. and Camden Cross King’s
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 2.26 192,000 people living in Camden, are There that has been a figure 2.23 Despite this, Camden mode used most by travel the walking remains 2.24 used roads. of heavily Camden has a dense network main The seven 2.25 the last has been falling over casualties in the Borough of road The number 2.22 transport strategic in Camden. located facilities are parts of London’s Key
2 PART 1: STRATEGIC STATEMENT 20 2 PART 1: STRATEGIC STATEMENT 21 opportunities overseas and elsewhere in Britain, and elsewhere opportunities overseas people who had come longer and fewer staying or study are work for in Camden to live abroad. work up Camden to take leaving are residents 13.1 per cent of the 1981 population was aged 20-24, of the 1991 12.6 per cent population was aged 25-29. aged under 10, birth and families a combination of increasing rates on after the first birth,tending to stay 1980s 20 the early in whereas their by away had moved per cent of infants born to Camden residents fifth birthday. improve. the age of retirement. of Camden around out adults moved A persistent feature of Camden’s population is the very population of high proportion of Camden’s feature A persistent to 35, adults aged 20 young child population. with a low coupled In the past, adults of young a constant turnover this imbalance was caused by and twenties in their early Borough into the moving (including students) thirty. approached out again as they of has the largest number Camden of the 20-24 age and one in three London borough students of any resident in full-time education. are group households in Camden Almost half of the person living on their own;(45%) consist of one in a further 5 per cent live institutions,residential care. including long-term About half of Camden’s or cohabiting couples; with married live children split evenly are the rest single and multi-adult,between gender, mixed mainly households. the past thirty years.population over point of a low risen from Births have less than 1,800 in 1977, deaths in 1981, overtaking 2,600 in than to more and start a family. in the Borough resident people remain 1998 and more 1981 and 1991: Comparing Census-based estimates for • – with the decline in job on in the Borough staying adults are More • of children of 25 per cent in the number has been an increase There • in the over-80s, has also been an increase There as survival rates • Conversely, as older in numbers 50 to 79 declined from each age group level. variation both within and between great reveals at this level Analysis wards. the used across of Census data is widely and analysis Information serviceCouncil to inform of policy. delivery and the direction Examples of of planning to the development of Census analysis the practical application housing and the affordable policy include its use in assessing the need for for social,need for Areas in improvements economic and environmental Regeneration. Community absorbed into the GLA), (now Centre Research based on the 1991 Census of births,and records death and migration since then. beyond Projections and house-building dependent on the scale of future are year the current conversions, subject to the influences of planning policy. and therefore They of the century into the second decade a steady rate of increase show stock in line with the aims of Strategic in the dwelling based on an increase of occupancy rates.Guidance and no further slackening are Increases among schoolchildren,projected very age and the old. those of working London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 2.27 resident of significant changes in Camden’s been a number have There 2.28 district and enumeration at ward is available Detailed Census information 2.29 the London by the boroughs for been prepared have projections Population of Camden Housing Strategy and Investment Programme 1999/2000), Programme of Camden Housing Strategy and Investment a per cent since 1991. of seven growth the by 38% of housing is owned Social Landlord.Council as a Registered than a quarter More (27%) of the than £120,000); stock is valued as being in Council tax Bands F to H (more A or B (less than £52,000). valued as Bands 12% are only has been a There accommodation,large decline in privately-rented though this is still a very in Camden.important component of the housing market Conversely, there and housing association in owner-occupation has been an increase property. than more The local authority-managed stock has diminished by 1991. per cent since twelve 6. in chapter Further is given information Camden’s housing Camden’s The effect of these changes will be to swell the demand for health care, for the demand will be to swell of these changes The effect services, community social and homes, education and training jobs and for places. lost the population not restore would However, this growth even since 1971. one-person households, from mainly households and parents lone accommodation.This adults sharing consisting of several has to be balanced statutory and the Council’s of housing need in the Borough the picture by housing the homeless. for responsibilities In practice, demand the overall what can realistically exceeds housing in Camden considerably and need for be provided. resident Camden’s that 28,000 people (some 16.3 per cent of (1988) found population, those living in institutions) had a disability or long- excluding term health problem.Approximately 30 per cent of all Camden households health people with a chronic estimated to contain one or more were living. or difficulty with everyday problem a to have Of those people found disability or long-term health problem, 60 aged over 55 per cent were over population as a whole). (as opposed to 22 per cent of Camden’s those with a disability or chronic estimated 8,600 people (30 per cent of population) were resident and six per cent of the Borough’s health problem unable to walk a quarter of a mile on their own. 4,600 Approximately getting in and out of their homes;people also had problems per three only been suitably that their homes had cent of those with a disability felt a disability.designed to accommodate a person with 9,000 people had Over difficulty with, it impossible to do, or found household shopping, the while experienced varyingsizeable numbers of difficulty in coping with degrees tasks.other everyday difficulty using public per cent had four Over transport. half of them 60 and nearly aged over Most of these people were 75.over some help or care. received of those surveyed Large numbers Overall, almost 10,000 people within the Borough it was estimated that care. informal in providing involved were
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 2.33 (London Borough in the Borough an estimated 93,700 dwellings are There 2.30 is housing additional the demand for show projections These demographic 2.31 Sicknesses with Disabilities and Chronic of People The Camden Survey 2.32 with personal mobility.An of problems a high level uncovered The survey
2 PART 1: STRATEGIC STATEMENT 22 2 PART 1: STRATEGIC STATEMENT 23 the Central London Area, the Central London economic activities. range of a diverse but also by uses of London-wide, of has a number The Borough national and international significance, traditional, more a base for as providing as well services and for specialised industries which help to support local communities. residential businesses and longstanding is economy Camden’s massive, a quarter with nearly of a million jobs, in the buoyant largely service sector. 1991 and 1998, Between jobs in of employee the number 43,000, by increased the Borough estimated to be 14,000 are and there self-employed. who are residents However, communities our residential in the country.include some of the most deprived workforce The resident and 1999, 1991 10,000 between by increased in employment and, at the turn of the century, 7,000 unemployed. were there jobs. It dipped to less than 190,000 in 1993, on a decidedly but is now 245,000 (Annual September 1998 had reached path and by upward Survey).Employment the 1993 economic trough, Since has employment than 30%). 58,000 jobs (more by grown the London for Forecasts faster than the UK for to grow suggest that GDP will continue economy the first half of the decade. During the 1980s, London as a Camden (as for utilities,whole) experienced a decline in public transport and communications, tourism, public administration, wholesale distribution and construction; employment; decline in manufacturing a massive in growth retailing, education, services; welfare in business spectacular growth and services. on its serviceCamden’s).This reliance industries has led to employment in the past,growth vulnerable during a recession. but has made London in other parts service people resident of held by Many sector jobs are needs, national and Metropolitan for and provide London and beyond local needs. cater for although a significant proportion Business and public 180,000 employees. for work services together provide with the loss of 14,700 jobs since 1981 in manufacturing decline continued London as a whole). decline than for percentage a greater (this represents and Town changes to the This sector has been particularly by affected Country 1987, Planning (Use Classes) Order light industrial which allowed planning permission, for to change to office use without the need premises thus exposing existing uses to higher value competition. Industries still include printing and publishing, in the Borough active and dressmaking tailoring, industries such as building and as non-manufacturing as well repairs.vehicle in Camden. jobs remain 15,000 manufacturing Only and family-workers, as the self-employed As well 12,100 were there Working in Camden Working London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 2.35 the 1980s, Throughout 200,000 just above in Camden hovered employment 2.36 jobs (90% of of London’s than 80% more Service provide industries 2.37 By contrast, of a evidence provides Survey Employment Annual the 2.38 of small employers. a large number by is provided in retailing Employment 2.34 a mix of land uses, by Camden is characterised not only particularly within Camden include: in some areas environment physical Poor problems.The a range of environmental experiences inevitably locations for accessible as highly of partsattractiveness of the Borough of overcrowding, and other activities leads to problems commercial heavy traffic, noise and air pollution. is impact of development The cumulative and the on amenity and environment of the wider effects in terms also felt facilities and services social and community on the existing and pressures open space. though the Borough is experienced throughout This problem are pressures it is particularly commercial acute in the southern part where greatest. (its environment to the street relating also problems are There cleanliness, and security it provides), of safety accessibility and the level individual sites, be derelict, both vacant and in use (which may or unsightly a danger to health),even and in be dilapidated and buildings (which may or renovation). need of repair employees (in 1,500 businesses) in 1991. (in 1,500 businesses) employees by in the sector rose Employment in the period 1981-91,1,700 jobs per cent. of 16 an increase contrast, By (including restaurants, activities in tourism-related employment clubs and as hotels,bars as well museums, galleries, facilities) and recreational libraries a loss of around jobs in 1991 (representing than 14,000 totalled fewer 3,500 since 1981). in line to grow is projected workforce the resident data that the size of of number a growing towards the trend and with population increases work. for becoming available women At the same time, position Camden’s subject to be to continue at the heart that it is likely means of the capital not experienced in to a degree pressures to economic and development London boroughs. other many of accessibility (in 1991,transport system and levels 17% of the daily only in the Borough). resident in Camden were workforce in Employment dispersed,Camden is becoming more but is still concentrated in two southern wards, Bloomsbury and Holborn, with 83,000 jobs (some 41 per in Camden).cent of all employment Outside this area, the main of Camden centres lie within the main retail concentrations of employment Town, and Kilburn. Swiss Cottage
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 2.42 in the heart city, populated area of the capital As a densely Camden 42.41 and problems Issues in with and living and working associated issues and problems Some of the 2.39 uncertain. are trends Employment However, demographic from it appears 2.40 the influenced by is highly The location and density of employment
2 PART 1: STRATEGIC STATEMENT 24 2 PART 1: STRATEGIC STATEMENT 25 Road congestion and other essential traffic, roads crossing peak traffic flows also spreads but (often to seek alternative and causes drivers a longer time period over areas. residential through routes inappropriate) As a result, both residents and people trying to get to their destinations suffer. and Parking controls help,traffic calming measures in their application for but arrangements outside the scope of UDP policies. largely are specific areas Nevertheless, helps to reduce which in a way be formulated needs to the planning regime congestion. road of adequate housing,Shortage and special affordable especially needs housing housed.There inadequately homelessness and households who are for is household size/needs and the often a substantial mismatch between accommodation available, the difficulty of access to compounded by or sale. rent housing for affordable substantially house prices are Average London as a whole, Greater higher in Camden than for with only experiencing higher prices. Westminster access to jobs and training Unemployment/inadequate since 1993, in Camden has been decreasing unemployment has a Camden of than the adjoining boroughs higher rate of unemployment persistently London average. and higher than the Greater Westminster, Barnet or Brent disadvantaged in competing those who are (especially residents Borough difficulties in securing employment, jobs) face additional for compounded by and workforce the resident the skills held by mismatch between a growing of competition and the high level opportunitiesthe employment available outside the those resident opportunities jobs and training for from area. the metropolitan beyond and even Borough transportDeficient public services than private cars. damaging way environmentally Rail transport particularly the through in passenger movement growth the strain of dramatic felt 1980s. and considerable network undergone Bus operations have and traffic conditions, to existing demand scheduling changes to relate but been mixed. have in reliability improvements and planned The safeguarded will help in the longer term,rail projects construction and design provided impact. managed to minimise the local environmental is carefully London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 2.43 buses, delays not only network Congestion on the main road pedestrians 2.44 of housing need in the Borough, is a high level There figures by evidenced 2.45 in the Borough. of unemployment is a high level There Although 2.46 accessibility in a less in providing Public transport has a major part to play PR :STRATEGIC2 PART STATEMENT 1: Inadequate provision for groups with special physical, cultural, social or economic needs
2.47 The Council recognises that certain groups within the population experience particular difficulties or disadvantages in gaining access to homes, jobs and other facilities and services, taking part in activities or getting around the Borough. The Council’s general approach is to plan for equality of access and opportunity for all.
Impoverished network of social, community, leisure and cultural facilities
2.48 Data on local demographic trends and the general shift towards “Care in the Community” both indicate the need for enhanced provision of social, community, leisure and culture facilities and welfare services in the Borough. Such uses can make a valuable contribution towards meeting needs and community development objectives as well as providing employment and, in some areas, enhancing the vitality and mix of uses. Whilst decisions around funding and the nature of new provision generally lie beyond the planning authority’s control, the Council is concerned to ensure an adequate range, level and distribution of facilities to meet a variety of local needs and to acknowledge the role of voluntary organisations in providing a wide range of support to local communities.
Deficiencies in open space provision
2.49 Despite the existence of major areas of open space, there are localised areas in the Borough which are deficient in open space provision. Few opportunities exist for creating new open space. In such a densely built-up area, the preservation of existing small pockets of ecological or amenity space takes on a greater significance for local residents and workers. Whilst this may not always be possible (for example, where a site has already been earmarked for development), there is often scope for the temporary greening of vacant or derelict sites for enjoyment by local communities.
Erosion of the character and function of local shopping and service centres and mixed use areas
2.50 Changes in the pattern of retailing and the increasing dominance of the high street by leading multiples has resulted in significant changes. There has, for example, been a gradual decline in the amount of residential accommodation available within shopping centres generally and considerable pressure in smaller local or neighbourhood centres and on the fringes of larger centres for non-retail uses such as restaurants and estate agencies. With the general downturn in the economy in the early
26 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 2 PART 1: STRATEGIC STATEMENT 27 partners and local people. the the vision and priorities for It will provide the Council and other for strategic direction and give in the future Borough in the Borough. players key The vision in the draft strategy, which is consultation, out for currently is: everybody. for improves the quality of life a society where create ‘To One where and all citizens, reduced inequalities are visitors, can businesses and communities will achieve our vision and diverse of our vibrant Borough.We the benefits enjoy priorities, on the following concentrating by making our Borough: • a better place to live; • a Camden with excellent services; • Camden; an economically successful • Camden – tackling social exclusion; a fairer and • friendly Camden.’ and environmentally an attractive The Community StrategyThe Community 1990s, lessened, these pressures by was accompanied this trend though centres. local shopping in many vacancy levels increasing Some of the and enhanced by can be restored of major centres character and vitality redevelopment centre of uses within larger town insistence on a mix schemes, and encouragement, possible, wherever of the provision of uses and services.The and community leisure/cultural of mixed character pattern of activities and the architectural the from which derives use areas the Plan’s through protection heritage will also require and environmental general environment, transport and land use policies, policies through of the provision policies promoting and through use areas to mixed relating a mix of uses in developments. safety and community Crime prevention Supplementary Planning Guidance. sensitive how The guidance shows or criminal threatening for the opportunities design can reduce available behaviour, design alone does not guarantee that sensitive whilst recognising crime. from and freedom safety that some sections The Council recognises of society,women, including ethnic minorities, disabilities, people with men,together with lesbians and gay the very young, and the the elderly disproportionately vulnerable than others and suffer more homeless remain of crime. crime itself and the fear both from London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 2.52 Strategy, a Community developing is currently The Council with its 5 Strategic approach 2.51 in addressed issues are safety and community Crime prevention “one that is continually (WHO Healthy Cities Paper No. Cities Paper (WHO Healthy 1 1988, p.24). quality); life, one’s affecting health and wellbeing; all; for accessible to all; and Islington Council and voluntary and community organisations won a bid to Islington Council and voluntary organisations won and community Zone (HAZ),Action become a Health plan together to a shared working health, health.Thefor people’s aim is to improve health inequalities reduce and modernise services. planning in Camden is the World Health Organisation’s strategy “Health for strategy Health Organisation’s World is the planning in Camden 2000”.Year the All by commitment to the principles behind The Council’s in a successful joint bid with Bloomsburythis strategy resulted and Bloomsbury/CamdenAuthority for be accepted as one to Islington Health ‘cities’. of 25 project (and hence between environment physical the social and exist between people, environments, and health), lifestyles recognition and sought greater of health issues in all aspects of city life, and economy. culture World The city” as “healthy Health Organisation has defined the include: can help to provide • a clean, safe, housing (including environment high quality physical • and sustainable in the long term; an ecosystem which is stable now • a strong, community; and non-exploitative mutually-supportive • the decisions over of public participation a high degree in and control • the meeting of basic needs (food, water, shelter, income, safety, work) • access to a wide variety of experiences and resources; • a diverse, city economy; vital and innovative • and with cultural heritage; connection with the past • and individuals; with other groups interaction and communication • services public health and care of appropriate level an optimum • No. Cities Paper Healthy high health status (WHO 1 1988, p.33). the for vision and framework a strong These elements provided of UDP policies. development creating and improving those physical and social environments and expanding and social environments those physical and improving creating which resources supportthose community enable people to mutually each other to their maximum developing and in all the functions of life in performing potential” Camden and Islington Health Action Zone Camden and Islington Health Camden’s Healthy Cities Project Cities Healthy Camden’s
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 2.56April 1999, In Authority, Camden and Islington Health Camden Council, 2.54 In essence, that WHO strategy emphasised the close interrelationships the 2.53 environmental for a framework which provides objectives One of the key 2.55 policies which the Plan’s city components of the healthy Some of the key
2 PART 1: STRATEGIC STATEMENT 28 Planning goals STRATEGIC2 PART STATEMENT 1:
2.57 Following on from this approach, Camden’s planning strategy is based on two interrelated goals, the achievement of which could have a profound effect on the quality of life in Camden:
1 The achievement of a high quality of environment
• in which to live; • in which to raise a family/care for children; • in which to work; • in which to relax/enjoy leisure or recreation time/social life; • to travel through; • to visit; • in which to learn/develop skills.
2.58 The achievement and enjoyment of such an environment is considered to be the entitlement of all those living, working and spending time in Camden. It builds on the thinking behind and the Council’s commitment to the Healthy Cities Project and is also a sustainable approach enabling us to pass the environment on to future generations in as good (or better) a condition as at present.
2 The promotion of equality of opportunity and access for all
• to appropriate housing; • to suitable jobs, education and training; • to the built environment and open spaces; • to public facilities and community resources; • to adequate, safe and accessible transport services; • to decision-making processes affecting the use and development of land; • to potential benefits accruing from the redevelopment of major sites and premises.
2.59 The Council’s overall strategy (consistent with its Environment Strategy) will be to encourage access throughout the Borough for everyone, seeking, where possible, improvements which benefit the community as a whole.
Guiding principles
2.60 The following guiding principles have been developed to form an overall framework for controlling and managing change within the Borough:
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 29 of the Borough, including local needs and opportunities; housing; and resources; status; national and international to London’s make workforce making a with those aimed at local amenity and quality of life improving strategic, London-wide contribution; Special Character, of architectural, and sites and all areas historical, archaeological, ecological, conservation or nature environmental significance; the Borough; sites throughout development process; development matters of land allocation, use, and transport, development in working and strategic planning local the Council’s partnership to achieve objectives; and demographic, social, conditions, environmental economic and transport trends; activity and of development enforcement monitoring and of policies. monitoring of the effectiveness detailed monitoring of land use changes will assist in meeting the and implementation the effectiveness and review to monitor requirement of policies. of a place in the form monitoring will take Additional of the state of the of policies and analyses sustainability appraisal environment. Monitoring System and in supportinformation of the London Development level.At out at the strategic issues carried monitoring of cross-borough the level,Borough to the regard monitoring having the Council will undertake 1 of RPG3) and the of Strategic Guidance (contained in chapter objectives 10 of in chapter (expressed boroughs principal monitoring concerns for RPG3). These include: • of the characteristics, analysis potential disadvantages and development • of land; rates of re-use • land; of safeguarded reviews continued • dwellings, of new the supply adaptations, and affordable conversions Monitoring at the strategic level Monitoring at the strategic 1 and transport of land use the integration policy; 2 sustainable use of land efficient and environmentally securing the most 3 and residents contribution that Camden’s of the strategic recognition 4 and at meeting local needs and maintaining aimed balancing objectives 5 communities; residential future of existing and support and protection 6 the identification, protection, of Areas of and promotion enhancement 7 and on major in accessible areas the encouragement of a mix of uses 8 the from the local community of benefits for the negotiation 9 of the needs of priority groups; specific recognition 10 in decision-making on involvement the encouragement of community 11 of and analysis monitoring continuous of the need for recognition
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 2.62 level, At the strategic to assist in providing the Council will continue 2.61 the Plan as a whole. statement for 3 contains a monitoring Chapter The
2 PART 1: STRATEGIC STATEMENT 30 • the effect of new and proposed retail developments and indicators of STRATEGIC2 PART STATEMENT 1: the viability and vitality of town centres; • an assessment of the transport infrastructure, including the provision of public transport, parking standards, traffic congestion and the possible transport impact of major development proposals; • the provision of Metropolitan Open Land and other open spaces; • assessment of the quality of the visual environment, including indicators on sites of special quality or character; and • standards of air quality, levels of waste generation and disposal, including the re-use and recycling of materials and waste.
6 Borough structure
Introduction
2.63 The structure of the Borough can be analysed and defined by looking at a number of characteristics, including, for example, the mix of land uses and the functions they perform; character (including environmental and architectural quality); residential content; pattern of employment and distribution of economic activities; level of public transport accessibility; pressures for development; and community needs. Recognition of the differences between areas can be developed as a mechanism for reconciling competing development pressures and needs (including the need for restraint) and as a tool for policy delivery. The boundaries of these areas are illustrated on the Proposals Map.
Areas of high public transport accessibility
2.64 Transport and land use changes need to be planned together to minimise the adverse impact of transport on the environment while maximising accessibility for all.This requires locating development where full advantage can be taken of the more efficient and environmentally less damaging modes – public transport, walking and cycling.Therefore the Council’s transport policies are designed to discourage inessential car use and encourage the use of public transport, walking and cycling as alternatives to the private car.
2.65 The following areas are identified as having a high level of public transport accessibility: • King’s Cross Opportunity Area; • Central London Area; • Major Centres (Camden Town, Kilburn High Road, Swiss Cottage/Finchley Road); and • Kentish Town and West Hampstead District Centres.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 31 the character of London. set pieces and important Historic spaces open been designated as conservation areas.have However, parts two of the of Special Character Areas as been identified additionally have Borough Canal,(Regent’s and and Highgate Ridge). the Hampstead The purpose of a range of specific policies is to co-ordinate identifying them in this way aimed at assisting in the preservation of their local and enhancement special character. also included in are Town Camden for Policies 15. chapter potential is extremely limited.potential is extremely Cross An important exception is the King’s Lands,Railway of 54 hectares, with a site area may of which 22 hectares of development,become capable railway of new depending on the extent proposals. The southern part site is accessible to public transport. of the and improvements by accessible more can be made The remainder to the existing transportadditions infrastructure. exceptional opportunities the which this site to reflect Area Opportunity 13). (see also chapter inner city regeneration for presents The site a mix of uses which meet a range of the opportunity to achieve provides and needs. objectives of a wide range of These include the provision housing, housing, affordable especially floorspace in commercial additional open spaces. green uses and new including cultural and leisure the Borough These uses, will contribute to a mix of uses on the which in themselves site, will need to be supported other social, by uses and leisure community not subject to additional are existing facilities in the Borough to ensure populations. and working on-site residential from pressures on the environment, impact of proposals assessing the likely transport and on existing social provision, networks for identifying the need and for these are and facilities (where improvements infrastructure additional and its impact on the of the development the scale and nature justified by area).The of the surrounding social infrastructure nature, scale and rate of approach.Within strategic a co-operative by will be secured development this,will seek to establish, the Council with applicants, and agree clear stream an even and ensure process development the guidelines to control throughout. uses is provided of mixed Areas of Special Character of Special Areas King’s Cross Opportunity Area Opportunity Cross King’s
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 2.69 which, areas These are or collectively, individually important are in defining 2.67 Lands as an Railway Cross the King’s The Council has designated 2.68 for a framework 13 provides outlined in chapter The policy approach 2.66 in Camden of vacant or underused land with development The supply
2 PART 1: STRATEGIC STATEMENT 32 The Central London Area STRATEGIC2 PART STATEMENT 1:
2.70 The Central London Area designation describes that part of the Borough which lies within London’s historic central core, broadly defined as the area to the south of the main London rail termini of Euston, St Pancras and King’s Cross. The boundaries are based on those described in the government’s Strategic Planning Guidance for London Planning Authorities (RPG3) and broadly reflect the boundaries of the Central Statistical Area used in the Census. The exact boundary within Camden has been determined by looking in detail at the pattern and distribution of land uses and is shown on the Proposals Map.
2.71 The area is dominated by central London activities, that is, uses of London- wide, national or international significance. Such uses include national and international headquarters connected with finance and business; facilities associated with the media and cultural sector; shopping, including specialist retail outlets of regional, national and international importance; legal and professional services; tourism facilities including hotels and conference centres; transport facilities and other uses providing essential support services and facilities for people living and working in, and visiting, central London. Housing and supporting uses are also classed as key central London activities.
2.72 Within the Camden sector of the Central London Area, there is a concentration of business and financial service uses, particularly adjoining the City. There is also a concentration of retail and service uses (including specialist provision) along Tottenham Court Road, of small manufacturing workshops associated with the jewellery and precision industries in Hatton Garden, as well as key activities in the fields of education, law, medicine, the arts, broadcasting, tourism and transport.
2.73 There are also large residential and mixed residential areas within central London.The residential population of central London as a whole (Central Statistical Area boundary) is estimated to be over 168,000 – an equivalent size to, say, the whole Borough of Camden or Islington or a free-standing town such as Luton. Camden is typical of central London boroughs in having a substantial residential population and a number of local residential communities within the Central London Area. Although the perception tends to be one of a transient population within this inner city location, this only partially reflects the demographic situation. Many residents are of long-standing in the area. The percentage of household residents within the Camden sector of the Central London Area with a different address one year before the Census (migrants) ranged from 9% in Somers Town ward to 19% in Bloomsbury. Residential communities provide vital support for the area’s economic and social functions.
2.74 There is also a variety of housing types. Whilst some of the housing is concentrated into estates, much of it is located within buildings containing a variety of uses, thereby forming a key component of the mix of uses within the area as a whole. Some of the supporting services and facilities available to local residents are increasingly under pressure from competing uses.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 33 PR :STRATEGIC2 PART STATEMENT 1: Examples include shopping and local services (some concentrated in small parades, others dispersed throughout the area) which contribute towards the area’s character, vitality and mix of uses.
2.75 The reason for designating the area is twofold. First, the area adjoins the City and West End, has a high level of public transport accessibility and is seen as an appropriate location for the preservation and expansion of a range of uses of significance London-wide, uses which enhance the competitiveness of London as a World City.
2.76 Secondly, the Council considers it important to help strengthen and sustain the significant local residential population. Local residential communities help to create a vibrant and safe city centre and offer vital support to the area’s economic and other functions.The Council recognises that a concentration of commercial development could deprive residents and businesses in the area of vital supporting services and rob the area of its character and diversity. The Council’s general approach in this area will therefore be to protect and seek to increase priority residential use, including affordable housing and associated supporting uses, to encourage mixed use development and to balance demands for new central London activities against a concern to protect the quality and amenity of the environment and the safety and efficiency of transport systems. At all times, the Council will take careful account of the effects of development on the environment.The application of rigorous environmental standards and criteria-based policies contained elsewhere in Part 2 of the Plan will not only serve to protect amenity and environment but will also act in the interests of the economy by helping to preserve and promote a high quality of environment.
2.77 The intensity of the various activities that are concentrated in the Central London Area has significant implications upon both the road network and public transport services that facilitate the movement of goods and people into and around this area of the Borough and on the environment.The impact on the environment of the transport systems that facilitate these movements may be gauged through the characteristics that these systems display. The main north/south and east/west roads in the Borough, south of and including Euston Road, carry in excess of 30,000 vehicles per day. These high traffic flows are indicative of the high traffic volumes present on the highway network in the south of the Borough.These high volumes lead to congestion that in turn exacerbate the problem of vehicle emissions since queuing and stationary traffic is more polluting than traffic flowing freely. The Council is aware of the environmental problems caused by excessive road traffic and has locational policies for the siting of new developments which will generate high numbers of trips to areas of high public transport accessibility. The Council also seeks to manage the existing traffic on the road network and to deter non-essential trips, particularly commuting trips, by restraining the supply of residential and non-residential parking space.
2.78 The Council continues to recognise the important contribution of public transport in aiding the movement of people into and around the Borough. The Central London Area has very high public transport accessibility which
34 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan reflects the level of provision of bus, underground and rail services. STRATEGIC2 PART STATEMENT 1: However, the high usage of the underground in the Central London Area has led to congestion and overcrowding problems at some stations, particularly at peak times. At some sites, the much-needed station improvements which would increase passenger capacity may only be achieved by linking them with proposals to develop commercial floorspace in the vicinity of the underground station.
2.79 The problems of road traffic are widely recognised and have led to the development of the concept of Clear Zones. The government is promoting this concept and the Council is working towards the identification of a pilot Clear Zone area within the Borough. A Clear Zone is an area where traffic congestion and environmental pollution are minimised. This would be achieved by the exclusion of through traffic and by changing the mix of the remaining traffic over time in favour of low or zero emission vehicles.
Areas for Community Regeneration
2.80 The Council has identified three Areas for Community Regeneration which largely fall within the Central London Area designation. These areas, comprising parts of King’s Cross and Somers Town wards, are characterised not only by extremely high concentrations of households suffering multiple deprivation (for example, unemployment, overcrowding, a high proportion of single parent families and pensioners living alone) but also by relatively poor environmental conditions.Additional tensions have arisen from the relatively high crime rate in the area.
2.81 The Somers Town area includes areas to the west of Euston Station (around Drummond Street) and immediately to the east.These areas are at the interface between the predominantly commercial areas along Euston Road and the residential areas to the north. Certain problems inside the Areas for Community Regeneration derive from developments planned to take place outside them. Such uncertainties have contributed to the general lack of investment by businesses and owners in the maintenance and repair of buildings in the area. The problems found within these and surrounding areas are increased by rising land values (the consequence of strong pressure for commercial development) which make it difficult to bring about improvements to the area’s physical and social infrastructure and environmental conditions.
2.82 The Council has defined these as Areas for Community Regeneration, with the general intention of securing them as residential neighbourhoods and of seeking improved environmental conditions and the provision of additional and improved social, community and leisure facilities and services. The Council recognises that the achievement of improved provision is likely to depend on the availability of additional resources (for example, funding from central government initiatives) and/or developments in the area which provide community uses as part of a mixed use scheme. The policy approach, therefore, is to target any additional resources for environmental improvements or improved social, community and leisure facilities and
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 35 PR :STRATEGIC2 PART STATEMENT 1: services into these areas and to seek to secure the inclusion of such provision in the mix of uses arising from redevelopment schemes which may affect them. The Council will also welcome any improved local access to employment opportunities arising from redevelopment in the area.
The remainder of the Borough, outside the Central London Area
2.83 The Borough as a whole is overlain with a number of designations of strategic significance, illustrated on the Proposals Map. Outside the Central London Area, the Borough is predominantly residential in character, with some pockets of industrial uses, especially adjacent to railway lines and several important local shopping and service centres. The most relevant policies here are those which seek to sustain residential communities and the vital local facilities and services which support them, and to improve the quality of the environment.
2.84 Several of the shopping and service centres have a high level of public transport accessibility and may be considered (subject to restrictions on changes of use and environmental controls) to be appropriate locations for business development. It is likely that schemes already in the pipeline will make the major contribution to any floorspace increases and that any further increases will be small in scale. In general, the Council would like to see major and district shopping centres which provide a range of shopping facilities and mix of uses, retain a distinctive character and vitality and offer a high quality of environment.
7 Part 1 policies
2.85 The UDP’s strategic Part 1 policies are set out below. The relevant policiies are also included at the beginning of the topic chapters.
3 Resources, implementation and monitoring
SRE1 The Council will seek to ensure that all development is sustainable.
SRE2 The Council will aim to ensure that development promotes equality of opportunity and access for all to a range of facilities and services.
SRE3 The Council will identify Areas for Community Regeneration based upon Census indices of deprivation with a view to securing them as
36 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan residential neighbourhoods and achieving improved environmental STRATEGIC2 PART STATEMENT 1: conditions within them through the provision of additional and improved social, community and leisure facilities, housing and services.
4 Environment
SEN1 The Council will seek to improve the quality of the physical environment.
SEN2 The Council will seek to ensure that all development maximises the conservation of resources and energy.
SEN3 The Council will ensure that development respects the scale and character of the locality, the built and unbuilt context, and incorporates principles of good design.
SEN4 The Council will protect and enhance the Borough’s heritage of townscape, buildings, landscape, archaeology and strategic and local views.
SEN5 The Council will protect and enhance Metropolitan Open Land, other open land and spaces and the natural environment.
5 Transport
STR1 In controlling the location of new development, the Council will seek to reduce the need to travel, with the aim of encouraging the use of public transport, walking and cycling as alternatives to the private car.
STR2 The Council will seek to reduce the adverse impact of transport on the quality of the environment.
STR3 The Council will seek to ensure an efficient transport system is provided.
STR4 The Council will seek to enhance the safety and security of the transport system.
STR5 The Council will seek to ensure that the transport system helps to sustain appropriate economic and community development.
STR6 The Council will seek to ensure that the transport system operates equitably.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 37 PR :STRATEGIC2 PART STATEMENT 1: 6 Housing
SHG1 In exercising its land use planning powers, the Council will regard housing as the priority use of the UDP,and accordingly seek to retain existing residential land and buildings for housing purposes, and to secure net additions to the housing stock wherever possible.
SHG2 The Council will seek to maintain and improve the character and quality of the residential environment.
SHG3 The Council will seek to sustain residential communities and improve the accessibility and range of facilities and local services available to meet their needs.
SHG4 The Council will seek to improve the quality and accessibility of the existing housing stock.
SHG5 The Council will promote an increase in housing to meet the strategic requirement for the Borough to provide at least 9,135 additional units between 1987 and 2001.
SHG6 The Council will seek the provision of affordable housing for low and middle income households.
SHG7 The Council will ensure a good quality of design in all schemes for residential conversion and redevelopment.
SHG8 The Council will seek the provision of a range of housing to meet London-wide and local needs.
SHG9 The Council will seek to make a contribution towards improved London-wide provision for gypsies and travellers.
7 Economic activities
SEC1 The Council will seek to conserve and strengthen the strategic and international economic role of parts of Central London, promoting local and London-wide linkages and fostering wherever possible a reduction in the need for resources.
SEC2 The Council will foster the development of a range of employment uses to match the needs, skills and qualifications of London’s resident workforce.
38 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan SEC3 The Council supports the provision of a range of business premises STRATEGIC2 PART STATEMENT 1: (including accommodation for small firms), suitable for a range of business activities.
SEC4 The Council will ensure than any expansion of business uses is directed towards areas with a high level of public transport accessibility and designed to an appropriate scale and form, taking account of the potential impact on transportation networks and the quality of the environment.
8 Shopping and local services
SSH1 The Council will seek to sustain and enhance shopping and local service provision by promoting the vitality and viability of town centres and encouraging the provision of a wide range of shops and services that are well located and accessible.
SSH2 The Council will seek to improve accessibility to and within shopping centres.
SSH3 The Council will seek an improvement in the quality of the environment in shopping centres.
9 Social and community uses
SSC1 The Council will seek to secure a range of land and buildings for social and community uses that are well located, accessible and sufficient to meet existing and future local and strategic needs.
10 Leisure and culture
SLC1 The Council will seek to retain and enhance the stock of land and buildings in leisure and cultural uses, and will welcome the relocation of those which are poorly sited or give rise to nuisance.
SLC2 The Council will seek to ensure an appropriate distribution and range of leisure and cultural facilities to meet the needs of all ages and groups within the population.
SLC3 The Council will encourage the development of new leisure and cultural facilities and activities that are well located and accessible.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 39 PR :STRATEGIC2 PART STATEMENT 1: 11 Tourism
STM1 The Council supports the development of tourism-related uses in appropriate locations within the Borough, where such development can be accommodated without adversely affecting the quality and character of the local environment.
STM2 The Council will endeavour to control the development of tourism uses to secure maximum opportunities and benefits for the local community and local businesses, whilst ensuring that any harmful effects are minimised.
STM3 The Council will seek to ensure, as far as possible, equality of access to all tourism facilities, both for visitors to Camden and for the local community.
12 Public utilities and services
SPU1 The Council will encourage public utility and service providers to co- ordinate and consult with the Council before providing new or improved services and facilities.
SPU2 The Council will seek to facilitate the growth of new and existing telecommunications systems, while remaining fully committed to environmental objectives.
13 King’s Cross Opportunity Area
SKC1 The Council will seek a comprehensive approach to the redevelopment of the King’s Cross Opportunity Area, which maximises the large scale potential contribution which the site can make to London’s commercial prosperity and its attractiveness to tourists, and which provides benefits to neighbouring communities in terms of housing and supporting services, and measures to enhance local access to employment. It must integrate well with its surroundings, both socially and physically, and address the capacity restraints imposed by the existing public transport systems and road network. Such development will be based on principles of sustainability, ensuring mixed use development which respects the industrial heritage of the site, gives priority to good design, and secures efficient transport interchange facilities.
14 The Central London Area
SCL1 The Council seeks to conserve and strengthen the role, character and diversity of the Central London Area, balancing the demand for business
40 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan and commercial development and for new cultural, retail and tourism STRATEGIC2 PART STATEMENT 1: uses with the interests of conservation and the protection of residential amenity and the objective of increasing housing provision.
SCL2 Within the Central London Area, the Council will encourage mixed use development and an increase in the provision of priority residential use, including affordable housing, together with supporting facilities and services.
15 Special Policy Areas
SCH1 The Council will seek to conserve and enhance Areas of Special Character and other special policy areas within the Borough, recognising the unique contribution they make towards London’s architectural, historic, environmental and cultural diversity.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 41 3 RESOURCES, IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING 43 RE1RE2 quality and regeneration Environmental RE3 Residential amenity and environmentRE4 all Access for RE5 Location of developmentRE5 use development Mixed 55 Planning obligations 56 57 58 56 60 3 2 policies Part 1 1 policies Part 2 Introduction 45 47 and monitoring 1 1 2 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 3 Resources, implementation 3 RESOURCES, IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING 45 “the environmental and social “the environmental (para 4.1). the importance on to stress of It goes (para 4.3).An on maintaining an which focuses approach opportunity all to a range of facilities and services. and access for to securing them as a view upon Census indices of deprivation with environmental improved neighbourhoods and achieving residential and of additional the provision conditions within them through social,improved facilities, and leisure community and services. housing “the planning system, plans in particular, and development a can make repeated and justified here as a framework for Part for 2 (local) policies: as a framework and justified here repeated SRE1 sustainable. is that all development The Council will seek to ensure SRE2 equality of promotes that development The Council will aim to ensure SRE3 Regeneration based Community for Areas will identify The Council that: objectives for major contribution to the achievement of the Government’s sustainable development” integrating sustainable development and transport and land-use policies in integrating sustainable development plans and of ensuring that: development equality of opportunity all and access for provide and development growth to a range of facilities and services example, (for housing; appropriate suitable jobs, education and training; public facilities and community on new is to impose standards approach resources).The Council’s provision, and services infrastructure and, possible, wherever to seek as a which will benefit the community to existing provision improvements whole. implications of policies designed to encourage economic growth are fully are growth economic implications of policies designed to encourage considered” London’s to contribute towards is also likely environment attractive great as one of the world’s and its status and attractiveness prosperity cities. an ability and maintained that position through London has achieved circumstances, advantage of new to change and to take to adapt while and conserving the past.respecting the inheritance from It is this tradition on the environment, change with the effects of balancing the need for and of balancing strategic with local needs, which this Plan seeks to address. and monitoring 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 13.1 1 policies Part been identified in Part I and are policies have strategic The following 3 Resources, implementation 3.2 Guidance Note 12: Planning Policy emphasises Plans (1999) Development 3.3 is, The Council however, to ensure, concerned as far as possible, that RSUCS IMPLEMENTATION3 RESOURCES, AND MONITORING 3.4 Within this framework, the Council is committed to working in partnership with local people, the voluntary sector, other public sector agencies, local businesses, developers and other relevant bodies to achieve its environmental, land use and transport planning objectives. Part of this process includes a commitment to: involving interested parties in the development of the Plan’s objectives, policies, proposals and standards; consultation on proposals for development; and, where necessary, negotiation to secure the proper planning of sites and premises within the Borough.
3.5 The Authority is determined to ensure that people with disabilities and others experiencing access difficulties are not prevented from playing a full role in the life of the community due to the design of the environment and are able to participate in and contribute to all community activities, whether as residents, employees or visitors in the area. The Authority is therefore committed to ensuring improved accessibility of the land and buildings, including those within its control.
3.6 The Council has identified three areas within the Borough, comprising parts of King’s Cross and Somers Town wards, which are characterised not only by extremely high concentrations of households suffering multiple deprivation but also by relatively poor environmental conditions and by strong pressure for commercial development. The problems found within these areas are increased by rising land values, which make it difficult to bring about improvements to the physical and social infrastructure. The Council seeks to secure them as residential neighbourhoods and achieve improved environmental conditions within them.
46 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 3 RESOURCES, IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING 47 and, necessary, where to “the matters of which the development may be expected to affect monitoring of land use change and the needs of London’s economy,monitoring of land use change and the needs of London’s which is and up to out relevant to set seen as essential so that UDPs can continue date policies. detailed guidance on the main monitoring It provides Boroughs. concerns for regarding the use and development of land and buildings in the Borough. of land the use and development regarding implementing the Plan’s for available considers the resources This chapter policies and proposals; of the Council, the various roles bodies, other public the private sector, in and the local community voluntary groups of the Plan; the objectives and achieving implementing policies and the need and and local context and the implementation to monitor the strategic policies and proposals. of the Plan’s effectiveness It concludes with a within the Plan and explain the of policies which highlight priorities number objectives. the Plan’s to achieving approach overall Council’s under review: or the planning of its development” their area to examine those matters (s.11 para 1). area of their institute surveys (and and economic characteristics of the area Examples include the physical neighbouring areas, relevant); where the size, composition and distribution of the population; on communications, and information the traffic and transport system. an authority,Act also requires the when formulating The likely to the resources general policies in Part I of the UDP,to regard have para 6). implementing the plan (s.12 for to be available Further on guidance Guidance Note 12: in Planning Policy given is monitoring and review Plans (1999). Development Camden context – resources available available – resources Camden context implementation for The Environment, and development sustainable energy conservation earth, on aspects of life man’s by and affected altered is constantly but Strategic context National context 2 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 3.9 (RPG3, Strategic guidance 1996) emphasises the importance of continued 3.8 local authorities to keep Act 1990 requires and Country Planning Town The 23.7 Introduction decisions for the policy framework of the Plan is to set role The key 3.10 supports that not only all an important forms resource The environment RSUCS IMPLEMENTATION3 RESOURCES, AND MONITORING activities and decisions. Planning Policy Guidance Note 12 urges authorities to draw up development plans in such a way as to take environmental considerations comprehensively and consistently into account, so that individual development decisions can be taken against an overall strategic framework that reflects environmental priorities, including energy conservation and the need to reduce global warming. Such priorities fall within the concept of “sustainable development” – defined in the Bruntland Report 1987 as: “meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” This does not mean trying to halt further economic growth and development. Rather, those making development decisions must balance the need for growth with environmental considerations to ensure that development is sustainable. As PPG12 notes: “progress towards sustainable development can only be made if the various objectives are considered in an holistic way” (para 4.3).
3.11 The conservation of energy and energy efficiency are key considerations to which authorities are required to have regard in the formulation of development plans (PPG12, para 4.4). The Council has therefore developed policies which take account of energy conservation along the lines suggested in PPG12. Examples include: • promoting the full and effective use of land (subject to environmental standards and controls); • reducing the need to travel, particularly by private motor vehicles (thereby reducing harmful CO2 emissions); • encouraging development (especially types of development that attract large numbers of trips) to be located close to public transport networks with spare capacity for an increase in trips; and • encouraging use of, and provision of improved facilities for, more efficient and environmentally less damaging travel modes such as public transport, walking and cycling (see also Part I policy SEN2).
3.12 These considerations are not only reflected in the development of planning policies, but also through local programmes for implementing the principles established at the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio. The provisions of Agenda 21 urge the preparation at the local level of a local sustainability plan, emphasising that this should be developed through co-operation and participation with local communities and businesses. The Local Agenda 21 Action Plan for Camden, Action for a Sustainable Camden, was published in 1999.
Land
3.13 Implementation of many of the Plan’s policies and proposals depends on the availability of land suitable for development and on opportunities for the expansion and redevelopment of existing premises (within the environmental and transport constraints imposed by the Plan’s policies and standards).
48 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 3 RESOURCES, IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING 49 potential is extremely limited. extremely potential is of a number of re-use Regeneration and years. place in recent taken has already premises (inner city) sites and One 2 and Lands (see chapter Railway Cross – the King’s important site remains 13).chapter and smaller sites of less than 500 square Excluding this site metres, has been identified, a total land bank of some 12 hectares which of either development residential suitable for 61% is considered approximately use scheme.in single use or as part of a mixed to make is needed (This for meeting the need and demand towards contribution the required the period 1992-2006). over and the region housing in London However, (for constraints significant development bound by some of the sites are example, of site assembly). access or problems restricted is There insufficient land, ownership, in any all of the needs of the Borough’s to meet and businesses.residents is to of the planning system Part of the role plan the development through balance competing needs and demands process. Financial resources of the key many to address at its disposal to enable it directly resources investment.issues requiring Furthermore, sufficient it is unable to borrow example, (for programmes development to fund significant capital resources public sector housing).to build new policies Implementation of the Plan’s the private by dependent on investment is thus heavily and proposals sector, partnership. other public sector organisations and through In all and in influencing the nature a significant role instances the Council plays process, control the development through content of development working the satisfactory to secure with applicants alongside and negotiating objectives, with the Plan’s in accordance of sites and premises development proposals, policies and standards. to address in order permission to borrow and for to be made available social,some of the very real problems economic and environmental Camden residents, many experienced by for resources into all known tap and purposes, specific projects for funding additional (for appropriate where example, funding), SRB and European the best use of the financial and make and Values to it, available resources Core with the Council’s in accordance operational objectives. resources Information and decision- of policy formulation use in the processes for information of making and to assist in monitoring the efficiency and effectiveness policies. or environmental about trends figures Examples include facts and conditions such as land use surveys, of traffic or pedestrian flows, surveys censuses and surveys,population and employment and monitoring of trends London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 3.15 The Council does not, time, at the present sufficient financial have 3.16 In addition, funds more for Government to press the Council will continue 3.17 access to relevant, It is important to have up-to-date and accurate 3.14 in Camden of vacant or underused land with development The supply RSUCS IMPLEMENTATION3 RESOURCES, AND MONITORING analyses of planning decisions and appeals performance. There is also a need for information on the views of Members and the local community and local businesses. This is useful for setting objectives and for assessing the relevance of policies within the strategic and local contexts. Both types of information require careful analysis and interpretation before they can be used in the policy making process.
People
3.18 Successful implementation of the Plan’s policies and proposals is clearly dependent on people – not simply elected Members and officers of the Council across the range of Committees and Services, but also the Government, other public agencies and organisations, the private sector in general (landowners, developers, investors and individuals), the community (individuals and representative organisations) and the voluntary sector. An assessment of the role of these various agents is given in the following section.
Camden context – implementation roles
The Council as Planning Authority
3.19 The Council carries out a range of statutory and non-statutory planning functions. Principal among these is the control over the use and development of land through the application of the development control system.The Council has responsibility under the planning legislation to determine applications for planning permission in the light of policies, proposals and standards contained in the approved development plan, and other material considerations. Section 54A of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 (as amended) requires planning applications (and appeals against refusals or non-determination) to be determined in accordance with the development plan unless material considerations indicate otherwise. In cases where the development plan does not contain specific policies relating to a particular development proposal, the planning application will be determined on its merits in the light of all material considerations.
3.20 Planning permission is required for most development involving building works or material changes in the way in which land or buildings are used. There are additional controls relating to conservation areas, listed buildings, advertisements and works to trees. The Council is further empowered to take enforcement action to remove, modify or stop unauthorised developments and uses and enforce conditions attached to planning permissions, where such action is deemed appropriate.
3.21 Some small-scale development works which are not likely to have a significant impact on amenity or environment (for example, minor physical changes to single family dwelling houses and some changes of use) fall
50 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 3 RESOURCES, IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING 51 within permitted development under the Town and Country and Planning Town under the development within permitted an not require 1995 and do Order Development General Permitted planning permission.for application uncertain about who are Developers should development constitute permitted proposals whether or not their enquiry planning service. the Council’s obtain further advice from The schemes those carryingCouncil will encourage out permitted development the in policies and standards with the plan’s to do so in accordance environment. of local amenity and interests Plan (including the Unitary of the include the preparation Development potential); with development identification of sites monitoring; the all aspects of the base covering maintenance of an up-to-date information of land,use and development together with demographic, social, employment, and transport-related information; environmental the of planning briefs and guidance notes;preparation and the designation particular policies and statutory (where Areas of Conservation apply). procedures Authority The Council as Highway in the Borough (including footpaths) highways for Authorities the Highway either Camden expense) are (whether or not maintainable at public London. for Council or the Mayor London (TfL) is the for Transport GLA roads, for executive which comprise all Priority (Red) Routes and Acton Street. Road and Cross King’s Authority The Council is the Highway in the Borough, all other roads for to maintain and has the responsibility by accorded or improvements changes and determine any those highways Act 1980. the Highways In addition, the movement it has duties to regulate of traffic, on the Mayor’s and is consulted parking and enforcement TfL. Strategy and public transport by service provision Transport It also has transport. to fund public and community powers which Camden Roads for roads. as Borough know Authority are is the Highway and enabler/developer The Council as landowner small. potential is relatively stock of land with development The Council development and initiating in promoting a significant role play can therefore and programmes the implementation of capital through – either directly management, its lettings practice and property/sites through or increasingly, of its programme partnership and through through in an enabling role requirements. surplus to disposal of land and buildings that are In the latter instance, the subsequent some influence over the Council is able to exert the brief for of a planning preparation through use of land and premises land in question,the sale and tender process. and through of the The role distinguished from should be clearly and developer Council as landowner policies,that of local planning authority – the Plan’s and standards proposals London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 3.22 Council as planning authority the by functions undertaken Other key 3.23Act 1999, Authority London Act 1980 and the Greater Under the Highways 3.24 in the Borough,of the major landowners The Council is one although the RSUCS IMPLEMENTATION3 RESOURCES, AND MONITORING apply to development undertaken by the Council in the same way as to other landowners in the Borough.
The Council as advocate
3.25 The Council has identified a number of development-related planning and transport issues and problems which cannot directly be tackled by Council investment or through the development control process. The role of the Council in such instances is limited to an advocative one (for example, of pressing for resources, investment, legislative changes or improved practices). This role can be carried out in a number of ways including political and officer-level representation on appropriate committees and organisations; involvement and co-operation in research studies; partnership with local groups, communities and businesses; and publicity.
The Council in partnership
3.26 The Council is committed to working in partnership with local people, the voluntary sector, other public sector agencies, local businesses, developers and other relevant bodies to achieve its environmental, land use and transport planning objectives. Part of this process includes a commitment to involving interested parties in the development of the Plan’s objectives, policies, proposals and standards; to consultation on proposals for development; and, where necessary, to negotiation to secure through partnership the proper planning of sites and premises within the Borough. For example, partnerships of this kind may be secured through Development Trusts on which local communities are democratically represented.The Council also works closely with the voluntary sector to assist in the provision of social and community facilities and local environmental improvements, and with local Registered Social Landlords (RSLs) to reduce the incidence of homelessness and housing need.
Other public sector agencies
3.27 Other public sector agencies (for example, those dealing with health) are likely to have an impact on the Borough during the next ten years through their own strategies of land and property management and through capital programmes for new development or site acquisition.The Council will endeavour to work closely with such agencies to secure implementation of the Plan’s policies, standards and objectives.
The voluntary sector and co-operative movement
3.28 The voluntary sector covers an array of non profit-making organisations which play a significant role in service provision, particularly in the areas of
52 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 3 RESOURCES, IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING 53 organisations and those who work in the Borough in the policy making and in the Borough organisations and those who work implementation processes. It is also committed to consultation with local amenity organisations, conservation advisory area committees, adjoining authorities, other public sector authorities, London-wide and relevant parties.This other interested national organisations and any commitment is normal practice of consulting those most likely Council’s to the in addition and the implementation of proposals development by to be affected planning briefs.proposed The Council will continue, so far as resources permit, planning information, to provide advice and guidance, as appropriate, by, and to all those affected and local groups to residents or with an in,interest of land in Camden. the use and development When undertaking Commitment to consultation social and community provision, community social and work, local environmental of the provision transportcommunity and, Landlords, Social Registered through in the special needs housing. and of affordable provision of these The existence since their work successful implementation to the Plan’s is vital groups which of provision need and on areas on those in greatest often focuses of opportunity equality and and help to improve local communities involve quality of life. of operation, of their areas In many voluntary organisations services. such of providing agencies capable often the only are are They with services to changes and experiment quickly able to react to meet being able to and flexible structures more having by effectively needs more call on voluntary effort. opportunities for The voluntary sector provides the public sector and, some extent, to the private sector, a more take to development. local community in role proactive has The Council currently close links with the voluntary of sector and grant-aids a number organisations. further these links and act in It wishes to develop objectives. the Plan’s partnership to achieve The private sector organisations to large private individual householders and community from and developers.landowners Plan’s Successful implementation of the dependent on the willingness of this sector is heavily policies and proposals of the individual perceptions (and hence on the Borough within to invest and work). which to live as a place in of the Borough attractiveness planning objectives, implementation of schemes for the through not only planning obligations, and through development partnership but also through policies and proposals. Plan in developing and involvement The Council can giving guidance and advice, by assist this process as appropriate; by known and any on land availability maintaining up-to-date information constraints;development and, all, above consultation on its effective through plans, policies and proposals. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 3.31 local residents, is committed to involving The Council community 3.29 and individuals The private sector encompasses a range of organisations 3.30 overall the Council’s in achieving an important role This sector can play RSUCS IMPLEMENTATION3 RESOURCES, AND MONITORING public consultation on planning issues, the Council’s aim will be to ensure, as far as possible within available resources, that all members of the community have an opportunity to put their views forward and have them considered. Where appropriate, the Council will provide summary translation material in the most commonly used minority languages.
Monitoring the Unitary Development Plan
3.32 The process of monitoring and reviewing the implementation and effectiveness of development plan policies is a legal requirement under the Town and Country Planning Act 1990. This process, combined with effective consultation, is important in assessing whether or not policies are meeting desired objectives, and in checking whether they remain valid in the light of changing circumstances. The UDP is not a blueprint for development in the Borough – it does not state what the Borough should look in ten years’ time. Rather, it will be used to guide development and react to changes.
3.33 It is essential that an accurate, up-to-date information base is maintained to serve as a basis for monitoring and reviewing the relevance and impact of the Plan’s policies, proposals and standards. This will enable the development of policies which are responsive to changing trends and circumstances and facilitate assessment of the impact of policies on the Borough’s physical, social, economic and environmental conditions. As part of this process an annual UDP monitoring report will continue to be produced containing information that is collected and analysed on a regular basis.
3.34 The annual UDP monitoring report (which relates to monitoring of both Parts I and 2 of the Plan) will continue to include the following analysis of land use changes: • land use change arising from new developments and changes of use (including, as far as practicable, net changes in floorspace for different uses); • residential decisions monitoring (for example, the number and location of residential units given permission, the amount of affordable housing achieved); and • completions of major developments (i.e. those over 1000 sqm floorspace or with 10 or more residential units or hotel/hostel rooms).
3.35 The Council will consider the need for additional monitoring relating to particular issues. Examples could include analysis of: • mixed use schemes (number, size and range of uses); • parking provision (net change in the number of parking spaces resulting from planning decisions); • housing (density of new housing schemes, the location of housing schemes by ward, and the size of units given planning permission); • hotel and tourism development (including bedspaces);
54 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 3 RESOURCES, IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING 55 environment throughout the Borough, throughout environment in particular the promoting in need of environmental, of areas regeneration physical, social or economic renewal. B1c, B2 and B8 use); Neighbourhood Centres); within particular local areas); identified in the Schedule, available sites becoming together with new development);for and Environmental quality and regeneration Environmental RE1 the character and quality of the The Council will seek to improve 2).this Plan (see chapter in identifying areas involves Part of this process and,particular need of renewal possible, wherever targeting actions and those areas. towards resources available which are Examples of initiatives (whether it be of the social, approach this regenerative following physical, include the of the Borough) fabric of areas economic or environmental and for regeneration funding for government of bids for preparation and schemes and the Union partnership projects in European involvement of planning briefs. preparation • in 1000sqm of sites over of the availability land (re-survey employment • units in Major, of retail surveys (ongoing shopping and District • and drink (A3) uses; of food concentrations • (as a whole or Area within the Central London trends development •Area); Opportunity Cross updates on the King’s (regular Cross King’s • of sites of the availability and update Schedule (review Proposals • decisions. appeal on a range of other issues influencing or of information presentation example, (for trends defining development to transport relating issues such and transport usage,as car availability and household population growth rates,size/formation housing need, and employment changes in conditions).environmental other sources, from Information such as the is also available. and Employment Censuses of Population in Partgiven I. the need for prompt may monitoring Strategic or local level plan review. be reviewed generally Plan will The Unitary Development years, five every rise to the need for although significant changes could give of the Plan. review an earlier partial or comprehensive London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 3 2 policies Part 3.38 is one of the guiding principles of the quality of the environment Improving 3.36 the collection, will be supplemented by This process collation, and analysis 3.37 monitoring statement should also be made to the strategic level Reference RSUCS IMPLEMENTATION3 RESOURCES, AND MONITORING Residential amenity and environment
RE2 The Council will seek to ensure that developments will not have an adverse impact on residential amenity, the environment, or the safety and efficiency of transport systems.
3.39 The Council is concerned to ensure that individual development decisions are taken against an overall strategic framework that reflects environmental priorities and assists the implementation of sustainable development objectives. It is therefore concerned to ensure that environmental considerations are comprehensively and consistently taken into account when implementing the Plan’s policies and proposals and that all development avoids harm to residential amenity, the environment and the safety and efficiency of transport systems. Additional references to general environmental protection and improvement are given in policy EN1 in chapter 4.
Access for all
RE3 The Council will require all new development and, where practicable and reasonable, alterations to existing buildings for public purposes to be designed to facilitate access for, and use by, people with disabilities.
3.40 The number of disabled people in Camden recorded in the 1991 Census of Population was 22,198 (or 13% of the local population). As the needs of this sector of the community have traditionally been under-represented, the policies and standards contained in the Plan are designed to reverse this trend. As PPG1 (1997) notes: “proposals for the development of land provide the opportunity to secure a more accessible environment for everyone, including wheelchair users, other people with disabilities, elderly people and those with young children” (para 33). Developers and local authorities are encouraged to consider the issue of access at any early stage in the design process.
3.41 The Council therefore seeks to ensure that all new buildings, activities and public spaces are fully accessible to everyone in the community, in the interests of facilitating equal opportunities and access for all to employment workplaces; shops; public spaces; social, community, leisure and cultural facilities; and other places of work and premises open to visiting members of the public. Part M of the Building Regulations sets out requirements for access into and within new development, including housing.The Council will use its associated roles as Building Control and Entertainments Licensing Authority to co-ordinate provision for disabled people into and within buildings.The Council also wishes to promote the provision of improved access arrangements and facilities in existing premises and in private residential dwellings.
3.42 Applicants are advised to consult the Council’s Building Control team at an early stage in the formulation of development proposals to ensure
56 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 3 RESOURCES, IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING 57 existing town centres,existing town economy; including the evening transport necessary accessibility major generators that are land uses for demand: of travel aArea; Opportunity Cross King’s bArea; London Central c Major Centres; d Hampstead District Centres. West and Town Kentish such uses will be for proposals development Within each of these areas policies. locational against the relevant considered The fact that sites the locational public transport by accessible will not override are to to be sufficient capacity there policies of the Plan nor the need for of in passenger trips at an acceptable level accommodate the increase service. In assessing such developments, a sequential test, the Council will apply sites should be for locating developments for first preference the where then (and subject to criteria) and only a) to d) above areas in the four finally, c) and d) and locations at the edges of areas locations outside all a) to d).areas that all to demonstrate Applicants will be required been have in these areas their development potential options for and, edge-of-centre assessed before thoroughly finally, sites outside development. for considered are these areas developments Where proposed, a to d are outside areas factors will be the following considered: • plan strategy; harm to the development the likely • on the vitality and viability of impact of the development the likely • a choice of means of transport; their accessibility by and • patterns and car use. travel on overall effect their likely Location of development RE4 the public as having areas has defined the following The Council energybetween conservation development.The and the location of new to locations which reduce development adopted is to guide new approach and the distances driven, car journeys the need for or which permit the energy-efficientchoice of more public transport – without encouraging or longer journeys.Thismore further suggests locating new approach example, types that attract trips (for development office employment, shopping, centres at points such as town higher education and leisure) public transport to avoid of acting as nodes for capable networks which are be may there in car use and where encouraging substantial increase purposes. to serve several advantages in enabling one journey PPG13 conformity with the relevant standards relating to disabled people. to relating standards with the relevant conformity Full mobility, to meet specific sought the type of provision details of sensory in Supplementary given Planning Guidance.and other needs are It should be into these considerations comprehensively which take noted that buildings all users. for successful and function better more generally account are London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 3.43 example, guidance (for Government the link recognises PPG13) explicitly RSUCS IMPLEMENTATION3 RESOURCES, AND MONITORING (1994) goes on to add that: “local planning authorities should consider carefully the impacts on travel demand of all new development before planning permission is granted” (para 2.12). The Council therefore seeks to ensure that any expansion of activities that are likely to generate a significant increase in the number of trips generated is directed towards the most appropriate locations within the Borough where the use of public transport can be maximised and that of private transport minimised.
3.44 However, this is simply the first test in locating such development. The Council will also be concerned to ensure, in line with policies contained elsewhere in the plan, that the impact on residential amenity, the environment and transport networks can be kept to a minimum. As part of this assessment, the Council will have regard to the likely impact of development on the public transport system. In general (in line with policy TR1 chapter 5), planning permission will only be granted provided the Council is satisfied that the public transport system in the vicinity of the site will have sufficient capacity to accommodate additional passengers and that traffic generation arising from essential operational trips can be accommodated on the surrounding road network without an adverse effect on capacity or environmental conditions.
3.45 The Council will also have regard to detailed locational policies for different uses.These further take into account the character, scale and capacity of individual areas to accommodate new uses which attract a significant number of trips. Further details are given in Part I, in chapter 5 and in locational policies relating to potentially high trip-generating uses (for example, business, retail, tourism, leisure and cultural uses). The locational approach and constraints in this policy do not apply to residential development (within Use Classes C2 and C3).
Mixed use development
RE5 Within the King’s Cross Opportunity Area, the Central London Area and Major Centres, the Council will expect and, in appropriate cases, require proposals to incorporate a mix of land uses. An exception will be made for proposals solely intended to provide residential accommodation. In considering when to require a mix of land uses, the Council will have regard to the character, diversity and vitality of the surrounding area. It will also have regard to the scale and nature of the proposed development and the extent to which the proposals would lead to over-dominance of a single use. In all cases, the Council will seek to maximise the amount of floorspace available for secondary uses. Reference should also be made to policy HG5 in chapter 6 and to policy SCL2 in chapter 14.
3.46 Large parts of the Borough have a well established mixed use character which the Council seeks to retain and extend. Additionally, in the King’s Cross Opportunity Area there is the opportunity to create an area with a wide variety of uses. The incorporation of an element of mixed use into
58 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 3 RESOURCES, IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING 59 development schemes for business and commercial uses which are large- uses which are commercial business and for schemes development scale, to their surroundings, in relation or either in themselves will prevent of land the variety and diversity single uses and enhance domination by uses locally. to failure where Planning permission will be refused harmful effect a demonstrably incorporate a secondary have use would upon the character, of the area. or vitality diversity of development;sustainable form assist in crime prevention; a an area make place; pleasant and interesting more the secure help to and may plan policies,implementation of other of such as maximising the provision small of the number or increasing housing) housing (including affordable business units. be circumstances However, may that there it is recognised of uses is not appropriate, a mix where example, for extension is an where an existing user, for required be or a secondary use cannot physically on the site. achieved discussion with the applicant.locations and will be a matter for is a There wide range of such uses including, shops, restaurants, workshops, other uses,commercial housing, facilities and open space. community In of housing with the Part provision the accordance I strategy to promote and with policy HG5, an increase particularly welcome the Council would or accommodation that is independent of the commercial in residential level. at street accessed business use and can be separately Where facilities (such as of additional in the form transport improvements provided, access points or enlarged station facilities) are additional will they to contribute to the mix of uses. also be considered or existing adjoins new business development occasions when new accommodation.residential By definition, within Use Class business uses an without having areas of operating in residential B1 should be capable amenity. impact on residential adverse The Council is concerned, however, that in some instances noisy plants and extended hours of operation have on amenity.had a harmful effect to ensure The Council seeks therefore and is protected accommodation that the amenity of existing residential the implementation of mixed arising from provision residential new that any of amenity and a high standard use policies is designed to provide business uses. the impact of new from protection a satisfactorysufficient to ensure balance of uses, will seek a the Council with policy RE6g). planning obligation in accordance 13. contained in chapter site are London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 3.47 the need to travel, can reduce use approach A mixed a helping to achieve 3.48 of secondary and proportion mix uses will vary The appropriate in different 3.49 be will inevitably means that there use approach The adoption of a mixed 3.50 not be conditions attached to the planning permission would Where 3.51 lands railway Cross of the King’s the redevelopment Detailed policies for RSUCS IMPLEMENTATION3 RESOURCES, AND MONITORING Planning obligations
RE6 In determining applications for planning permission, the Council will take into consideration the nature, scale and location of the proposed development and, in appropriate circumstances where the need arises directly from the development, will seek contributions towards or a planning obligation under s.106 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 (as amended) to secure modifications or improvements to the proposals submitted. These may include: a improvements or a contribution towards improvement of the public and community transport system within and outwith the site to cater for the increase in trips attracted by the development; b the provision of reasonable amounts of open space, improved pedestrian and cycle access, landscaped areas and other environmental schemes required by the development or intended to offset the loss of, or impact on, any amenity or resource on the site prior to development; c the conservation and enhancement of buildings, structures or places of historic or architectural interest and Sites of Nature Conservation Importance, including those which do not otherwise form part of the proposal but which will be adversely affected by it; d the provision of appropriate social, educational, recreational, sporting or other community facilities, the need for which arises directly from the development or its impact; e the inclusion of an element of affordable housing in a larger residential development; f the provision of public facilities and services appropriate to the scale, nature and location of retail development; g securing an acceptable balance of uses in a mixed development (see also policy RE5). The achievement of planning benefits that are not essential to the grant of planning permission (through a planning obligation or unilateral undertaking) will not, in itself, render acceptable a proposal that is not in general accord with the Plan’s objectives, policies, standards and proposals.
3.52 Proposals for development (especially major schemes) often represent a significant opportunity for the regeneration of an area’s social, environmental, economic and transport infrastructure and for the achievement of the Plan’s local and strategic objectives.These objectives may be met by the nature and content of the proposed development. In some instances, however, proposals that are large in scale or impact may generate the need for specific improvements to infrastructure or additional provision, without which the proposal would be considered unacceptable. Circular 1/97 (paragraphs B7 to B15) provides further guidance on the circumstances in which planning obligations can reasonably be sought in connection with a grant of planning permission. The Council will seek to ensure that the extent of what is required is fairly and reasonably related in scale and kind to the proposed development. Used correctly, such agreements can assist the best use of land and a properly planned
60 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 3 RESOURCES, IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING 61 environment, success of a development. contribute to the and can They the developer, partnershipfoster also help between and the the Council and in the local environment interest and a shared local community development.community that a planning obligation It is important to stress that specific improvements the Council considers be sought where will only necessaryare of permission. to the granting Circular with In accordance 1/97,Town 106 of the be sought under section planning obligations will only it is not possible to where Act 1990 (as amended) and Country Planning the imposition of a condition. through deal with the matter London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4 ENVIRONMENT 63 EN21EN22 Alterations to existing buildingsEN23 Extensions to existing buildingsEN24 amenity Reduction of garden EN25 and extensions Roof alterations EN26 walls Railings and garden EN27 parking Forecourt EN28 Basement areasEN29 ShopfrontsEN30 and blinds signs Shopfront Advertisements 80 80 81 81 82 82 84 83 83 84 EN1EN2 and improvement protection General environmental EN3 sites of neglected and overgrown Improvement EN4 improvement Area EN5 public spaces and attractive safe Providing 69 EN6 Noise and vibrationEN7 plant and machinery Disturbance from 69 during construction activity Noise and disturbance EN8EN9 Air qualityEN10 70 71 quality Water EN11 Contaminated landEN12 Unstable land 71 Use of resourcesEN13EN14 development Design of new 70 EN15 development Setting of new EN16 70 LandscapingEN17 Site layoutEN18 in shopping centres of development External appearance EN19 Design of infill developmentsEN20 77 occupiers and neighbours Amenity for safety Community 73 72 72 75 74 73 75 78 78 76 77 79 6 Extensions and alterations 5 Design, scale and setting 3 quality Environmental 4 and energy conservation development Sustainable 1 I policies Part 2 Introduction 65 66 1 2 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 2000 of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4 Environment London Squares London Squares 96 conservation areas 88 EN46EN47 Open Land Metropolitan EN48 chains, Green Walks and Metropolitan Corridors Green EN49 space Public and private open and Special Historic Interest of Parks and Gardens 95 EN50EN51 open land Other green EN52 facilities fields and open sports and recreational Playing EN53 designated open space bordering Development EN54 development of public open space in new Provision 96 land and derelict Vacant EN55 97 97 EN56 Reserves and Local Nature Sites of Special Scientific Interest 94 99 95 EN57 conservation Sites of nature importanceEN58 conservation sites of nature importance New EN59 Borough Sites outside the EN60 Impact of development conservation nature Management for 96 EN61 99 EN62 and vegetation canopy 99 Tree EN63 Ancient woodlands 98 Urban forestryAppendices Appendix EN1 List of conservation areasAppendix EN2 Schedule of ancient monuments 101 Appendix EN3 Schedule of open spaces 100 Maps 100 EN1 Public open space catchment areasFigure 101 104 103 101 104 155 102 EN31EN32 of conservation and appearance Character areasEN33 of unlisted buildings in conservation Demolition areas in and maintenance of buildings Restoration EN34EN35 87 in conservation Shopfronts areas 86 EN36 conservation in areas Trees EN37 in conservation of interest areas Structures EN38 outside conservation Proposals areasEN39 Preservation of listed buildingsEN40 Use of listed buildingsEN41 buildings Restoration of listed EN42 heritage Preservation of archaeological EN43 sites and their setting Retaining archaeological 89 EN44 Strategic viewsEN45 88 corridor Viewing strategic views Wider setting of 90 89 92 90 92 91 91 93 93 93 9 conservation Nature 10 and woodland Trees 8 Open spaces and the natural environment 7 Conservation and heritage
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development
4 ENVIRONMENT 64 4 ENVIRONMENT 65 environment. and energy. conservation of resources character of the locality, the built and unbuilt context, and incorporates design. principles of good townscape, buildings, landscape, and strategic and local archaeology views. open land and spaces and the natural environment. repeated and justified here as a framework for Partfor 2 (local) policies: as a framework here and justified repeated SEN1 the quality of the physical to improve The Council will seek SEN2 maximises the that all development to ensure The Council will seek SEN3 the scale and respects that development The Council will ensure SEN4 heritage of and enhance the Borough’s The Council will protect SEN5 Open Land, and enhance Metropolitan The Council will protect other a very both the importantmakes contribution to enhancing and protecting local and the global environment. Detailed implementation of the policies on the often rely will of these objectives within the framework formulated 16) and (in chapter of standards proposals incorporation in development Supplementary Planning in the Council’s practice given principles of good Guidance. both local and global environmental quality to an individual’s wellbeing. quality to an individual’s both local and global environmental be tempered must that economic growth realisation is increasing There action to ensure and positive the environment with concern for generations. future is sustainable for development reflect These objectives such concerns. 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.1 been identified in Part I and are policies have strategic The following 4 Environment 1 1 policies Part 4.3 that action at the local level based on the recognition The policies are 4.2 of the importance based on an acknowledgement of SEN1 and SEN2 are in the preparation “to take environmental “to take consistent basis for development plans. development consistent basis for White Paper, The government’s (1999),A Better Quality of Life for to care emphasises our responsibility generations. condition to future the planet and hand it on in a healthy It and the need to meet the UK’s encourages the efficient use of resources depletion. global warming and ozone commitment to reduce White The concept of “green” commitment to the states the government’s Paper and practical imperative as not just a moral but a sustainable development and development that sustainability is designed into every advocates planning policy. link between is an inevitable that there It acknowledges and suggests conservation sense and development in its broadest resource sustainable development. local action towards for areas A Better Quality of Life. in national policy expressed and develop PPG12: Plans (1999) urges authorities Development and consistently into account” comprehensively considerations plans (para 4.4).of development Similarly, PPG1: and General Policy quality of life.basis for as the goals Part fundamental I defines two planning strategy.Camden’s of a is the achievement Oneof these goals high quality of environment. Part of guiding outlines a number I also the quality, and improve principles to protect the identity, and preserve of environment. Camden’s and significant changes. incremental through of erosion range from They heritage to degradation through local amenity and loss of built and natural pollution. of impact of the environmental evidence increasing is now There local and global public concern over and increasing past developments issues. environmental whilst ensuring the vitality and prosperity continued Camden’s for required of amenity,protection rich historic, the preservation of the Borough’s resources. use of its and natural heritage and the effective architectural it can be beneficial where will be encouraged in areas Development to the particular demands of the existing townscape, it responds provided and environmental amenity of design and protects high standards achieves quality. that is to ensure the policies adopted in formulating The approach land uses, as a whole considered are and landscape the built environment to all aspects of planning,and that a sustainable approach design and management is achieved. resource National context
2
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.8 on all reflect the Government Guidance Notes issued by Planning Policy 4.7 a form considerations must that environmental National policy recognises 4.5 of the environment influence on the quality a strong Land use changes have 4.6 of change aimed at accommodating the necessary policies are The levels 24.4 Introduction an important influence on the to have is acknowledged The environment
4 ENVIRONMENT 66 4 ENVIRONMENT 67 “All “The planning (section 1.10). more It encourages (para 1.30) and includes the following objectives: (para 1.30) and includes the following (PPG12, para 4.1). “future planning activity must incorporate measures to contribute measures to a more incorporate planning activity must “future Metropolitan Open Land;Metropolitan and to benefit those who visit, live, and do business in London work (para 1.14). approach to improving the local environment and fulfilling its responsibilities the local environment to improving approach to global betterment.The the Plan, is a theme throughout environment influencing policies in all the topic chapters. example, For the vital link made is public transportbetween accessibility and the location of development 5). sustainability (see chapter as a major contribution to greater considered that sustainable future” • the natural and open environment, maintain and improve including... • urban environment of London’s the quality and attractiveness improve Camden context Regional context Strategic context essential role of planning system and development plans: of planning system and development essential role system, plans in particular, of development and the preparation a major can make sustainable objectives for contribution achievement to the of the Government’s development” to encourage adequate and detailed advice and research produced in policies and proposals inclusion of environmental appropriate plans (see references).development In parallel, public is growing there the environmental action on positive and demand for awareness consequences of land use and development. Principles (1997) puts sustainable development as one of three themes that themes as one of three development (1997) puts sustainable Principles (para 3). to the planning system approach the Government’s underpin development should be planned in ways which work towards securing the which work towards should be planned in ways development objectives of sustainable development” while promoting in development energy and layouts efficient forms urban land (section 4). of and re-cycling redevelopment London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.13 a plan-led guidance to take government committed to following Camden is 4.12Authorities, London Planning for Strategic Guidance (RPG3,1996), states 4.11 the South East (RPG9,1994) states that, Regional Planning Guidance for 4.10 national, Various specialist, also voluntary and appointed bodies have 4.9 on the places now Of particularthe emphasis the government note is framework of integrated environmental policies. environmental of integrated framework that the It is essential into taken are of individual developments effects environmental cumulative account, the of potential impacts given not least because of the intensity of the Borough. density and diversity the Borough. of change including in a high level Camden also experiences environment.its physical while to increase change continue for Pressures quality deepen. environmental and concern in public interest requirements, development, for been proposed have very intensively. many larger tendencies to develop This is further commercial encouraged by buildings. and areas potential for that have to such proposals Local reaction lead to loss of amenity has been impact or would environmental adverse strong. south of the Borough, and extensions and conversions incremental led to loss to the north areas have residential on open land in development of amenity or character in some areas. of open land,areas shopping streets, areas, other open spaces and play improvements. to need significant environmental continue of energy consumption and levels technologies in building leading to high waste. technologies and methods led to health risks. Some to people inaccessible to be largely continues environment the physical with disabilities, children. with young and parents that give Environments women, accessibility for affect of crime rise to fear people and elderly children.safety the accessibility and to improve Opportunities will be taken environment. of the physical
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.15 across of the environment Part in the character diversity 1 describes the 4.16 the last decade, Over city sites, large inner surplus to public utilities mostly 4.17to the development intensive of more effect to the cumulative In addition 4.18 of the Borough, Other areas as modern housing estates with large such 4.19 the last decade, Over has been a general tendency to use higher there 4.20 improvements, Despite physical legislation, better practices and stronger 4.14 within this need to be taken will proposals Decisions on development
4 ENVIRONMENT 68 4 ENVIRONMENT 69 land which have an adverse effect on local amenity. effect an adverse land which have adverse impact on the amenity of the surrounding area and the quality area of the surrounding impact on the amenity adverse in the short long term. and of the wider environment In particular, the be satisfied that developments,Council will need to whether buildings or changes of use, environment, the physical or improve protect conditions, living and working including the Borough’s and its visual amenity. Improvement of neglected and overgrown sites of neglected and overgrown Improvement EN2 of neglected and overgrown areas The Council will seek to improve the development of land creating opportunities to make improvements to improvements opportunities make of land creating to the development and meet local needs.the local and wider environment Utilising such opportunities is important and the surrounding the community for of full value and potential of the the realisation and also for environment Country and itself.Town development Section 215 of the under Powers steps to require local authorities to take Act 1990 allow Planning detrimental to the local of land that are to clean up areas landowners amenity. General environmental protection and improvement and improvement protection General environmental EN1 an will not have that developments The Council will seek to ensure the degradation and global warming and for combat environmental generations. future for of the environment protection It is now also that enhance their local environment that developments acknowledged more increasingly buildings are ‘green’ value and enhance their own marketable. to be required are Certain of development categories and Country Town assessment under the an environmental accompanied by Wales) Assessment) (England and Impact Planning (Environmental Regulations 1999. environmental conditions will be a major consideration in assessing environmental proposals.development could be made the development In cases where regulation,acceptable through to enable that be imposed conditions may to be granted permission. development London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 3 quality Environmental 4.23 in private sector investment from result to the environment Most changes 4.22 At the wider level, to become a necessity has now sustainable development 4.21 At the local level, of local amenity and and improvement the protection “the (para 14) create an attractive environment that promotes personal and collective that promotes environment attractive an create a high quality of design. and offers safety uses,adjacent to noise sensitive in proposed such uses are or where that contain noise generating uses already,areas the Council will have impact of noise disturbance.Although to the likely regard complete elimination of all noise is impracticable, the Council will seek to ensure improve local environmental conditions by encouraging and directing conditions by local environmental improve to those areas,investment within them.The traffic reducing and by in the with the Council and the community participation of developers environmental to achieve of plans and proposals preparation will be welcomed. these areas in improvement “good design should be the aim of all those involved in the development be the aim of all those involved design should “good (para 15). Similarly, design, management or changes in the appearance and treatment of the spaces between and around buildings is often of the spaces between and around and treatment appearance importanceof comparable to the design of the buildings themselves” and that process” opportunitiescrime. can help to reduce for environment The Council’s furtherSupplementary advice and guidance. Planning Guidance provides in EN13 to elaborated are safety on design and community Policies EN20 below. Noise and vibration EN5 uses which will place noise generating In assessing developments EN4 that all public spaces and buildings The Council will seek to ensure to planning. approach underlining the Government’s It states that Providing safe and attractive public spaces spaces public attractive and safe Providing Area improvement improvement Area EN3 action to co-ordinated for to identify areas The Council will continue initiatives. in will be encouraged to become involved The community identifying local problems, of new action and promotion priorities for projects, in implementation and and success so that effectiveness maintenance can be better ensured. will adopt this strategy The Council of activity and, other areas for and approach appropriate, where provide technical advice, example, for on and projects initiatives community-led for planning and design. directed to improving conditions in areas of maximum community need will community of maximum conditions in areas to improving directed strategy the for proactive enhance the benefits and will be the main environment.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.26 importance PPG1 emphasises the of design, themes three one of 4.25 consultation and participation fundamental parts Community are of Council 4.24 public, from of resources Co-ordination private and voluntary sources
4 ENVIRONMENT 70 4 ENVIRONMENT 71 cause particular problems by virtue by cause particular of its duration, problems scale, location or complexity of working, Council will seek to minimise disturbance to the conditions. the use of planning by amenity and the environment and/or air handling equipment the Council will need to be satisfied that equipment the Council will need to be and/or air handling be operated without causing injurysuch equipment can to local amenity in terms of their appearance, location, noise and smell. In assessing the out in set to the noise levels regard will have noise impact the Council 16). DS6 (chapter Standard Development such disturbance is kept below the threshold levels set out in levels the threshold below is kept such disturbance 16). DS6 (chapter Standard Development Noise and disturbance during construction activity EN7 to is likely proposals the construction phase of development Where on amenity and environment,proposals of all those who in the interests live, and visit the Borough. work the affecting problems Some of the worst experienced during the construction and local amenity are environment phase of development.Although this phase is temporary, in it can be long amenity,duration.Where residential to affect is likely construction the from party a working of representatives assist in co-ordinating Council may and the developers. community the local residential Experience has shown many commercial buildings, commercial many and takeaways. restaurants General guidance on appearance, location, contained in SPG. noise and smell are Since these be acceptable, important use may are aspects as to whether a the Council at planning full details of all mechanical plant and equipment will require stage.application Disturbance from plant and machineryfrom Disturbance EN6 for, When considering proposals or which include, ducts ventilation amenity. be a material planning consideration. Its impact can therefore Guidance Note 24:Planning Policy guidance on Planning and Noise gives used as the been and these have categories and noise exposure noise levels standards. the Council’s basis for The Council is concerned to ensure, therefore, rise to unacceptable do not give proposals that development noise conditions. assessment of a careful make The Council will therefore noise is where determining planning applications before noise levels likely to be present.likely the purposes of this policy, For noise-generating uses to be railways, considered are roads, uses and B2-B8 industrial/commercial places of entertainment (sport/recreation), and clubs. restaurants including of minimising noise disturbance through Guidance and advice on ways design is included in SupplementaryPlanning Guidance (SPG). London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.29 of effects adverse this Plan seek to minimise any throughout Policies 4.28 important air handling equipment are aspects of ducts and/or Ventilation 4.27 impact on local a direct health and have Noise and vibration can affect designed to avoid adversely affecting the water environment, affecting adversely designed to avoid to prevent or mitigate flooding, and surface the quality of underground to protect water, and to conserve water resources. avoid detrimental alterations to the air quality and microclimate in the detrimental alterations to the air quality and microclimate avoid area,surrounding motor be caused by this may where especially vehicles, them. possible to improve and whenever Water quality Water EN9 is sited and that all development The Council will seek to ensure vehicles.The Council’s transport policies address this by attempting to attempting this by transportvehicles.The policies address Council’s movements, inefficient vehicle restrict efficient and clean transport promote modes, land use location policies and through travel the need to reduce Transport the parking supply.control a will require Major developments (see the issue of air pollution Assessment which will cover Impact 5). chapter EN8 is designed to development that all new The Council will seek to ensure Air Quality Strategy. of the Council’s pollution is one of the objectives An of a patterns can influence the form understanding of air pollution and wind development. air level street improve can features Buildings and landscape by, a comfortable microclimate quality and create example, for controlling and heat absorption,wind velocity pollution and avoiding air-borne reducing level. street spatial confinement of air pollutants at Further guidance is included in SupplementaryGuidance. Planning National policy and strategic air quality and the Council will continue the Borough’s planning will affect to seek to influence them. authorisation require developments Where Act 1990, Protection under Part I of the Environmental one of the minimised and authorisation is that emissions are in granting requirements achieved. statutory are air quality standards Air quality that many areas of concern can be overcome through the adoption of a co- the adoption through be overcome of concern can areas that many and local residents, the Council stance involving operative the and through phasing of works.The and programme of an agreed negotiation Council has which sets out and Contractors Manual published a Considerate practice in construction. encourages good energy conservation
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4 and development Sustainable 4.31 motor is that caused by of air pollution in urban areas The principal form 4.30 air people against health risks from of pollution and protection of Control
4 ENVIRONMENT 72 4 ENVIRONMENT 73 Council will give consideration to the possible adverse effects on the effects consideration to the possible adverse Council will give stability of adjoining land, local amenities and conservation interests. instability is suspected,Where to applications the Council will require instability to ground a report on the issues relevant be accompanied by it.Where be to overcome instability may and indication of the measures be overcome,such that it cannot satisfactorily planning permission may be refused. known to be,known been, suspected to have or strongly contaminated to an or affected be adversely would development extent that the proposed infringed,statutory requirements the by of the hazards an investigation will be necessary measures any for remedial proposals and developer required. to be less severe, contamination is known where In cases the development use of planning conditions preventing make Council may been necessary have until any decontamination programme tests and out. and carried agreed through an increase in run-off from additional impermeable surfaces. additional in run-off from an increase through They water quality and ecology where can also affect the rate of flow by discharged. landscapes, such as permeable of features Use planted roofs amenity, contribute to visual environmental ponds can and water retention on public drainage systems, stress reduce existing and proposed safeguard planting, water management.The value and good wildlife Council will and Waterways Water, British Agency,Thames consult the Environment proposals. bodies on relevant other appropriate Unstable land Unstable EN11 in unstable locations, development for In determining applications the into account in the planning instability to be taken emphasises the need for process. human natural factors or through from Land instability can result intervention. unstable, land is potentially Where or development states that when determining a planning application consideration should be application states that when determining a planning account of contamination. proper takes to whether the proposal given Contaminated land Contaminated EN10 on sites which are development for determining applications Before this with land use policies in back into beneficial use in accordance brought Plan. can industrial processes contaminative Land used in the past for impact amenity in the and a health hazard creating years for idle remain locality. water can affect and underground of the ground Contamination needs to be addressed. buildings and the health of users of new London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.32 of flooding downstream can exacerbate the problems Developments 4.35 on Unstable Land (1990) Guidance Note 14 Development Planning Policy 4.34 Guidance Note 23: Planning Policy (1994) Control Planning and Pollution 4.33 land resources, to maximise scarce In order land should be contaminated 2 renewable energy,renewable energy efficient, are demand the overall and reduce resources. and non-renewable new for emissions. PPG12 has identified conservation of energy as one of the issues that local authorities should consider in development environmental plans. concerned, are As far as land use considerations issues are key location, type and orientation. building can be located in Developments high public transport with to minimise car trips;areas accessibility while of sunlight, best use can be designed to make buildings and landscapes conserve energy, distinctive and to exploit a site’s waste reduce character. and physical microclimate buildings is Further guidance on green in SPG. given of Life, the UK (1999). for A Strategy Development Sustainable for Use of has global and local environmental sustainable sources materials from benefits. materials is encouraged. The use of recycled for Provision stage. waste needs to be planned at an early recycling The Building Assessment Method (BREEAM) Establishment Environmental Research assessment of buildings. the environmental a means for provides Further in SPG. guidance can be found emissions. greenhouse in reducing to play important role Use of solar energy, water can be incorporated in building of heat and grey recycling design. the will be assessed within proposal The acceptability of a specific context of other policies of the Plan. Use of resources EN12 use of which facilitate the proposals The Council will welcome CO of reducing to meet the imperative that can be taken measures intensification of existing land uses can trigger off instability. uses can trigger off of existing land intensification Geological conditions, slopes; such as unstable and swelling subject to shrinking ground clay; parts affecting of London, the rising groundwater of such as much Hampstead; and made-up ground, can create landfills or excavations instability. of problems property, risks to to prevent In order infrastructure and the public, into land should be taken constraints of the the physical can be fully measures that remedial planning stages so account at the early unnecessarily. and the site is not sterilised explored
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.37A Better Quality is in line with the government’s Prudent use of resources 4.38 energy Energy has an PPG22 Renewable that renewable (1993) states 4.36 is one of the most important development Energy through efficiency
4 ENVIRONMENT 74 4 ENVIRONMENT 75 environmental quality,environmental of openness; including its degree including bulk, massing, height, footprint, typical plot sizes and the ‘landmark’ building; nearby to any relationship with, the scale and character of their surroundings. In determining planning permission, for applications the to regard the Council will have development.wider setting of the proposed In particular, the Council considerations: into account the following will take a the character of the area, in terms of existing land uses and general b style of the area; architectural the prevailing c development, of surrounding the scale and general proportions d and skylines; on existing views the impact of the proposal and e of public highways. the established pattern requirements of economic activity.This change has to be regulated in order of economic activity.Thisto be regulated change has requirements disruption and disbenefits. with minimum to satisfy these needs The and on infrastructure put pressures can of development effect cumulative servicesestablished areas. damage the character and amenity of and can and its physical of the amount of development planning control Sensitive form, and intensity of its use, to the type in addition is necessary to prevent amenity and local to safeguard of the site in order overdevelopment assist in this process, of the Borough.To the environment in improve set out in this chapter, policies to the relevant addition the Council will 16, in chapter against the various standards assess applications and will also guidelines set out in the the various applying by seek to guide proposals Supplementary in (which has been produced Planning Guidance document conjunction with this UDP). environment, a sense of place. and create distinctiveness local reinforce an understanding of the context in which Good design requires place.The takes development Council expects a written statement setting submitted,out the design principles adopted to be together with illustrative material, with applications. development Setting of new EN14 to, should be sensitive development for All proposals and compatible Design of new development development Design of new EN13 design in all development. of The Council will encourage high standards London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 54.39 Design, and setting scale social needs and the to meet changing adapt fabric of Camden has to The 4.40 the quality of the existing buildings can improve Well-designed connection with all development. takes place on infill sites or through the replacement or extension of the replacement infill sites or through place on takes existing buildings. left a variety which It has a long tradition of development of character and style. character should be the The local and historic inspiration; derives development of new design which good context from bulk and scale together with a guide for provide tradition will normally patterns, street to established conformity facades, activities and uses. which the building is visible. from whole area the as over as well Over- effect, an overbearing have bulky buildings can in canyon-like resulting and alleyways,streets and an uncomfortable of daylighting standards poor microclimate. harmful intrusions into important and the skyline. local views In particular, a can have higher and bulkier than their surroundings buildings that are a wide area,visual impact over altering the existing skyline, affecting and the character of open spaces (see EN52);views attractive can also they dominate, importance buildings of townscape or or detract from obscure important landmarks. adversely and have some areas skyline and the established character of the local environment;affected in such cases, it where or in circumstances is of poor quality, accepted that the townscape is generally the design maximise the opportunities should aim to an improved for approach of the highest quality. environment surroundings, context drawings,require will normally the Council the scope and the sensitivity proposal of the the nature of these to be determined by of the area. development, for In assessing proposals consideration will be of a building of plant and services on the appearance to the effect not given of the building. contained within the envelope EN15 in of external landscaping The Council will seek a high standard Landscaping Landscaping contribute to the scale and with the built environment interrelationship character and quality of the townscape. Unbuilt spaces, if appropriately landscaped, will contribute to the local amenity and ecological balance and use of planting on the imaginative be obtained from benefits can added buildings (see SPG).
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.42 on the immediate environment effects intrusive height can have Excessive 4.43 to avoid controlled buildings has to be The siting and massing of new 4.44 In the past, spoilt the historic which have erected been buildings have 4.45 to its satisfactorily relates to assess whether a development In order 4.41 of development the majority where built-up Borough Camden is a densely 4.46 and detailed design of unbuilt spaces and their The configuration
4 ENVIRONMENT 76 4 ENVIRONMENT 77 site warrant retention for their intrinsic physical, for retention site warrant historical or qualities;architectural and contribution to the character of the a positive site which makes area. centres complement the retail character of their surroundings and character of their surroundings complement the retail centres frontages. level street and attractive lively provide an existing Where will be expected to have particular regard to the following: particular regard will be expected to have a contours; existing site b of existing trees, the presence shrubs and other vegetation; chighways; the existing pattern of public d existing buildings, whether any or other artefacts on the structures e unbuilt space within the the existing amount and distribution of any supporting wildlife and to provide a lung for city dwellers,for a lung supporting and to provide wildlife to be urban fabric,incorporated into the particularly built-up parts in densely of the Borough. This could, time, over of the loss to development reverse existing in greenery to remedy a significant increase and achieve open areas deficiencies. At the local level, the improve would open space a landscaped buildings. and occupiers of nearby the development amenity of users of at the be considered should therefore buildings on the site and of any design process. earliest stages in the External appearance of development in of development External appearance shopping centres EN17 in existing shopping developments that new The Council will require EN16 sites, of development the layout for proposals formulating In developers qualities. and its physical both in terms of the context of the site New urban fabric, into the surrounding should be woven development local or historic with incorporating existing buildings or structures associations, and patterns and pedestrian routes existing street continuing levels. the natural ground following wildlife, amenity to people and habitat for provide enhance the character of local areas, local microclimates. and improve ameliorate air pollution In addition, a significant element and could be unbuilt spaces can also form and should be intrinsic to the character of the established townscape development. new in any and respected protected Site layout Site layout London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.48 an integral part of open spaces should form The landscaping of the layout 4.47 greenery space, and open more general need for is a There of capable 4.50 to is acknowledged in urban areas and vegetation of trees The value 4.49 to its location, responds development of any It is important that the layout properties; account the following considerations: account the following a and sunlight into and between daylight the implications for of existing neighbouring development: a lines; building b building heights; c plot widths; d lines, parapet detailing; lines and other elevational roof and e materials. contribution to a positive will be expected to make All such proposals their surroundings. street has a prevailing rhythm created by the width of shopfronts, by created rhythm has a prevailing street the and the general form to preserve expect proposals Council will frontages. character of those Amenity for occupiers and neighbours occupiers Amenity for EN19 In assessing the impact of development, into the Council will take Design of infill developments Design of infill developments EN18 features the following to regard The design of infill schemes should have provide the essence of the existing townscape scene and should form the form scene and should existing townscape the essence of the provide infill development.starting the design of any point for In most circumstances, the aim will not be to mimic the character of the pastiche. existing buildings or introducing replicating by surroundings There and modern design in the Borough is a long tradition of innovative of the built in the renewal an important role has played architecture the character of the which has been successful where environment has been respected. areas surrounding and their developers All too often a corporate image,agents seek to impress statement an architectural make design which does not the design of buildings or adopt a standard through the established character of the surroundings,recognise the scale, materials the prevalent buildings and and detailing of nearby proportions used in their construction. of entrances and windows can create a very forbidding environment and environment a very forbidding can create of entrances and windows streets. of surrounding in and the safety movement alter the pattern of Similarly, developments, looking inward shopping malls and including precincts, in sterile surroundings. can result town Most of Camden’s date back to the 19th century and shopping parades centres earlier, and that first took place within or activities commercial from developed having houses.Theattracted to dwelling by width has been determined shopfront in the street, pattern of development the early surviving usually day. to this
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.52 The general character, and its buildings of the street scale and proportion 4.51 centres, town In – lack areas in lifeless large single use buildings can result
4 ENVIRONMENT 78 4 ENVIRONMENT 79 environment which aims at reducing the opportunities threatening which aims at reducing for environment and the personal safety which promotes and and criminal behaviour security of property. b loss of privacy; of any the extent and c intrusion. of visual the degree building, standards. or to meet modern safety extend its useful life If of the building can spoil the appearance out they carried unsympathetically and other buildings in the neighbourhood. Collectively, unsympathetic on the townscape a detrimental effect alterations and extensions can have of whole areas; particularly conservation vulnerable to the are areas alterations or extensions, insensitive of their character through erosion Community safety Community EN20 to the built design approach The Council will encourage a sensitive of crime.the proliferation adopt designs to help mitigate against Circular local authorities to establish 5/94 Planning Out Crime (para 13) advises the design,principles for or residential of new landscaping and layout development.commercial of making crime the objective have These should difficult to commit,more people the risk of detection and provide increase with a safer, environment. secure more Further guidance on community Supplementary Planning in the Council’s is given design principles safety Guidance. Crime also advised to contact the local Police Applicants are Adviser, larger schemes. for Design especially Prevention existing buildings, of existing to the amenity of occupiers harmful effects any is avoided, properties buildings on the site and neighbouring and proposed buildings. in the case of residential especially The design of development sunlight into buildings and land, and sufficient daylight should allow give the on visual privacy and safeguard potential effects consideration to the premises.Theoutlook from recommended the standards Council will apply Establishment report:in the Building Research Planning for Site Layout Good Practice (1991),A Guide to - and Sunlight Daylight advice which gives on sunlight and daylight. this document does not operate fixed Whilst planning standards, considering into account when will be taken they planning applications, to existing lighting conditions. regard having possible,Wherever existing light seek to improve the Council will conditions. the Council will be guided by to overlooking In matters relating 16. DS5 in chapter Standard Development London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.55 often necessary Alterations and extensions are or enlarge a to adapt 6 Extensions and alterations 4.54 which proposals The Council is concerned to encourage development 4.53 proposals, is important It that in all development to including extensions Council will seek to ensure that proposals relate to the form, relate that proposals Council will seek to ensure of the building and its setting and have and character proportions area. in the surrounding to the historic pattern of development regard to the original building in terms of Extensions should be subordinate scale, situation or use of materials and should not dominate neighbouring buildings. the retention of existing original features or their restoration if they or their restoration features of existing original the retention been lost,have either an important element these are townscape where of a building integrity or proportions or contribute to the architectural of buildings.or group contribution to a positive which make Materials used. the character of the building should be EN22 extensions to existing buildings, for In considering applications the proportions. the problem, siting of extensions can aggravate Insensitive for example, semi-detached the space between side extensions that occupy a group.houses forming no impact on to have likely Rear extensions are visible, are scene unless they the street such as in corner properties, but the historic plan to respect sited and proportioned should be carefully in the area,form of the original building and the integrity and proportions the amenities of adjoining occupiers. In some cases, a back extension to a the detract from would in an otherwise unspoilt group single property elevation. rear of the uniformity Extensions to existing buildings Extensions to existing Alterations to existing buildings existing Alterations to EN21 alterations, involving In dealing with applications the Council will seek and chimneys,porches of a building. can alter the scale and proportions and painting of and doors and the cladding of windows The replacement of buildings and can be particularly can also spoil the appearance brickwork partdamaging if the building forms group. of a uniform Alterations should out in materials that enhance the building,be carried or, appropriate, where building. match the materials used in the original however minor.however distort extensions can also Unsuitable the original plan of an area.the historic pattern contributes to which form for Proposals to all relating will be judged against the policies alterations and extensions 5 of this chapter, set out in section development more additional with and extension being types of alteration different for specific requirements that follow. set out in the policies
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.57 a building and upset its large extensions can disfigure Disproportionately 4.56 such as cornices, features The loss of architectural mouldings, architraves,
4 ENVIRONMENT 80 4 ENVIRONMENT 81 terms of shape, design, materials, and the existence of traditional walls; fire and protruding stacks such as chimney features groups; building cohesive and to the original style and materials of other buildings its relationship in the vicinity. level. is inappropriate, In determining whether a particular proposal the criteria: to the following regard Council will have a concerned; of the roof the prominence b in and those of neighbouring buildings the characteristics of the roof c the symmetry of pairs, other and of terraces and the integrity d itself and of the building treatment and architectural the proportions opportunity the Where arises, or the removal the Council will welcome alterations or extensions. of existing unsympathetic roof improvement reduce the amenity value of existing open space as a result of their open space as a result the amenity value of existing reduce siting, size and form. an where of open space deficiency or In areas very small, is already yard or individual garden any Council will resist the lead to a furtherextension that would loss of open space. Roof alterations and extensions Roof alterations and extensions EN24 alterations and extensions at roof inappropriate will resist The Council buildings, on the a significant effect but such extensions can often have of the existing building and its surroundings.appearance is Special care needed in their siting,therefore design, size, and materials, proportions a wide area, visible over plainly are roofs where particularly in areas and of the building or locality. feature attractive an especially are roofs where be acceptable. will not always Extensions or alterations to the roof There to extensions/alterations particularly sensitive will be situations which are to individual roofs, such as: open spaces, around built up areas the where of the rooflines, views allow or the alignment of streets topography rooftops, party stacks, walls and chimney projecting a building is or where than its neighbours. prominent higher and more already streets Not many of their buildings, the original roofline in Camden retain it is therefore this occurs. where unaltered important the roofs to preserve Where, despite past breaches, of the further erosion it is desirable to prevent roofscape/rooflines, justify the will not necessarily existing precedents similar extensions or extensions or alterations. granting of permission for Reduction of garden amenity of garden Reduction EN23 extensions do not materially that The Council will seek to ensure their actual size, reducing by an unacceptable level way in a encroaching by on the a detrimental effect having or by layout in a less efficient that results (see or adjoining properties the garden/yard amount of sunlight reaching furtherSPG for details). London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.59 the floorspace of of increasing can be a practical way Roof extensions 4.58 space to or yard diminish the amenity value of gardens Extensions can also means of enclosure, of the area; visual appearance to the makes parking in the area; garden and front forecourt adverse offset any to be proposed which may works ameliorative visual impact; and network. highway forecourt or front garden parking, garden or front forecourt to the regard the Council will have considerations in the assessment of proposals: following a or garden, which the existing forecourt the contribution and its b and/or existing roadside of any visual impact the cumulative c landscaping, and extent of any the nature or other surfacing d of traffic on the flow and free the safe implications for the likely the established character, and the Council will seek their retention or new railings of replica encourage the erection appropriate where pattern or specification. walls to a traditional show the proposal in the context of the whole building and neighbouring whole building and the context of the in proposal the show facilitate the assessment of schemes. to in order properties Detailed design in SPG. guidance is contained Camden. in the northin the townscape significant of the are gardens Front contribute to the setting of a building or terrace. they where Borough Off- of traditional form the of the building line breaks parking in front street in the street,enclosure the building of its setting and can involve deprives as a of amenity value to the area and planting which are the loss of trees whole. and of crossovers to boundaries and the formation Breaches will lead to the erosion,hardstandings time, over of the character of a harmful opportunities offsetting any are for there unless or area street or other means. landscaping generous through effects The issue of parking,forecourt inter- are access to the highway, provision and crossover and both environmental into consideration and the Council will take related factors.highway to the loss of particularly Conservation sensitive are areas and their enclosures. gardens front parking will be on forecourt Guidance included in the individual conservation to be incorporated statements area into SPG. is be made if the property may Exceptions to the policy with a disability. a person occupied by will be In such cases applications on their merits. considered within the curtilage except in limited of hardstanding of a property area EN26 facilitating development for is required planning permission Where Railings and garden walls Railings and garden EN25 part walls are of traditional railings or garden where or streets In areas parking Forecourt
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.60 The Council will, circumstances, in appropriate which drawings require 4.62access and of an the construction of an for is required Planning permission 4.61 parts in large boundary Railings and of characteristic features walls are
4 ENVIRONMENT 82 4 ENVIRONMENT 83 restoration of shopfronts which are noteworthy for their special for noteworthy which are of shopfronts restoration character.architectural proposed, are shopfronts new Where the of design and external high standards Council will seek to ensure appearance. In assessing schemes, to the regard the Council will have and the shopfront the design of the proposed between relationship upper floors of the building, and to the general characteristics of original in the area,shopfronts quality modern giving encouragement to good circumstances. in appropriate shopfronts by infilling or excavation,by the original detract from this would where character of the street. design of the building or the established Shopfronts EN28 Outside conservation areas, and Council will seek the retention the Basement areas EN27 within basement areas, The Council will oppose development whether streets in Camden and any extent of infill can adversely affect the affect adversely extent of infill can in Camden and any streets the building and the street. between relationship Similarly, of the excavation basement areas, ground at lower habitable rooms whether it is to create use in the basement, a commercial for a separate access or to form level of the building and the on the appearance a detrimental effect can have space.in the loss of garden result and may streetscene The loss of of shops can be particularly damaging to the front space in forecourt of a parade. activities and the appearance commercial can also Excavation integrity of the building and the stability of the ground the structural affect (see also policy EN11). cases where the property is a single dwelling house and such development house is a single dwelling the property cases where and Country Permitted Planning (General Town the by is permitted (1995). Order Development) advised to contact strongly Householders are of this works any arranging department before Environment the Council’s of the Highway the approval type.The requires of a crossover provision Authority, that is, except GLA in the Borough all roads the Council for Authority.The Highway London is the for Transport which for roads the matters for highway relevant three Act 1980 (s.184) identifies Highways crossovers: new for when deciding applications authority to consider • of damage to the footway; prevention • premises; from access to and egress safe and •the highway. traffic on the passage of vehicular the need to facilitate 16. Annex to chapter in the land use given the for appropriate standards front where measures Further advice on general design and ameliorative in Supplementary parking is acceptable is contained garden Planning Guidance. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.64 in many an important feature are townscape in buildings Basement areas 4.63 against the parking parking will also be assessed forecourt for Proposals the character, and the period of the shopfront scale and architectural placed; are building on which they street; or damaged; be obscured would shopfront and the Council will seek to ensure that their position,the Council will seek to ensure design, size and blinds, shutters and cash dispensers, the to regard the Council will have considerations: following a position, whether their to be appropriate design and materials would b to other buildings in the relate would they sympathetically how c of the building and features whether important architectural d be put at risk. would whether public safety within conservation will also be judged having Such proposals areas or enhance the character or preserve would to whether they regard of the area. appearance replacement in response to fast changing retail trends. changing retail to fast in response replacement Traditional which should resource and a historical feature a townscape are shopfronts repair. in good and kept be protected the design of tendency for is a There styles, house be dictated by to shopfronts particularlyin the case of retail chains,or food solutions or the latest of standard the convenience by fashion, within which it is of the building to the architecture with no regard in the street.inserted shopfronts or other will be circumstances There a contemporary design,where shopfront if of high quality, can meet the requirements.above to the other situations a traditional design relevant In appropriate.All be more may period of the building and substantially new people with access by possible allow wherever should shopfronts altered mobility. with restricted disabilities and others in shopfronts For conservation see policy EN34. areas detailed design guidance see For Supplementary Planning Guidance. Advertisements EN30 advertisements, consent to display for In the assessment of applications Shopfront signs and blinds Shopfront EN29 such as canopies, features shopfront for When assessing proposals area.and contribute to the character of a commercial However, can they of buildings, the appearance also detract from in the features be obtrusive streetscene, unnecessary and create visual clutter, if poorly especially designed and too prominent. to hazard in a safety siting can result Incorrect pedestrians and motorists, of the important and can obscure features Machines) are building.Teller Automatic – cash dispensers (ATMs Where being proposed, they them to be positioned so that require the Council will accessible to people with disabilities.are further For guidance, see Supplementary Planning Guidance.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.65 their for pressures particularly susceptible to commercial are Shopfronts 4.66 a useful function such as signs and blinds can sometimes perform Features
4 ENVIRONMENT 84 4 ENVIRONMENT 85 materials are appropriate to the character and scale of the building or character and scale to the appropriate are materials in the street, and other buildings placed are they on which structure features, or damage important obscure do not architectural that they is not at risk.and that public safety Within conservation areas, the use premises and traditional hanging signs on business of painted fascia signs will be welcomed, and projecting illuminated fascia box and internally signs will be resisted. contribution to the locality and have been designated as conservation areas contribution to the locality and have (EN31- EN37). value are their group or for Buildings which individually the Department been listed by of heritage have important to Camden’s Culture, is also extended to those buildings Media and Sport and protection have remains archaeological the past of which only from and structures survived. to powers legislation placing duties on and conferring consolidates previous to the conservationlocal planning authorities in relation of the built environment.The government, PPG12 has emphasised the through importance of giving high priority to conserving the built and archaeological the Hampstead and Highgate Ridge.These important individually are areas architectural, London’s a unique contribution towards but also make historic, and cultural diversity. environmental is covered Each of these areas part or in either wholly conservation by status. area their indiscriminate proliferation can lead to visual clutter. proliferation their indiscriminate If poorly designed or sited, or out of scale, too prominent advertisements can individual buildings or structures; of the appearance detract from be in the wider streetscene,features obtrusive in conservation especially areas; areas;be detrimental to the amenity of residential in a safety and can result to pedestrians and motorists.hazard of estate agent boards A profusion in terms of visual clutter, a detrimental impact on the environment can have in conservationespecially areas. this reason, For has been made a direction and Country of Planning (Control Town (under Regulation 7 of the without of boards the display Regulations 1992) preventing Advertisements) conservation (Hampstead consent of the Council in three areas the express Village, Hill Park and Swiss Cottage). South Advertisement Control. PPG19 on Outdoor London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.71Act 1990 Areas) (Listed Buildings and Conservation The Planning 4.70 their or enhancement for protection warrant other areas Many 4.69 of Special Character:Areas 15 identifies two Chapter Regents Canal and 7 Conservation and heritage 4.68 advertisements, for In assessing proposals also be guided by the Council will 4.67 but areas important commercial to the vitality and function of are Signs preserves or enhances their special character or appearance, or enhances preserves and is of high quality in terms of design, materials and execution. Applicants will Character and appearance of conservationCharacter and appearance areas EN31 in conservation areas that development The Council will seek to ensure heritage in reconciling priorities in the public interest. priorities in the reconciling heritage in PPG15 contains whilst Circular environment on the historic policy guidance government on demolition, advice and gives directions 14/97 contains relevant following Ltd v judgement in the case of Shimizu (UK) the House of Lords Council. City Westminster 14/97 supersede PPG15 and Circular Together, 8/87.DoE Circular in PPG16. is given Advice on archaeology or enhance,is desirable to preserve of which it character or appearance as conservationand to designate them areas. relate Further requirements determine whether any of past designations to to the periodic review partsadditional conservation should become areas. EN1 lists the Appendix 34 conservation in the Borough. areas to conservation that apply Policies set out in this section of the Plan. are areas in development for Proposals on the character and conservation their effect will also be judged for areas individual assessment documents as identified in the of the area appearance in consultation with local to produce which the Council will continue parties. other interested and residents will be incorporated into SPG These become available.as they 14/97, with Circular In accordance conservation substantial demolition of an unlisted building the total or for consent area in a conservation is required. area notice of The Council has to be given in a conservation to trees area. works any and some and/or historic interest lists of buildings of special architectural so listed.4,460 buildings in Camden are to listed buildings require Works the Council,consent from the building itself, whether these affect internally or externally, within the curtilage of the building. or structures requires the setting of a listed building also affect which may Development special consideration. with the conservation In accordance agreement, to determine most applications English Heritage will authorise the Council Grade II listed buildings;for by to be directed the Council will continue listed building consent to all English Heritage in its decision to grant Grade I and Grade II* buildings. planning control. from certain of development categories 1995 exempts It is detail,often the architectural materials, as such colour or minor structures of an a significant contribution to the appearance walls which make garden area. the conservation or an area erode area These changes can gradually Article 4 by to be controlled have quality and may of unified townscape Direction, rights.Where particular permitted development which removes necessary is considered information to determine planning additional applications, by provided these with the powers the Council will require Act 1990. and Country Planning Town Regulations issued under the
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.72Act, Under the 1990 the a duty to identify areas have planning authorities 4.73 The Secretary Culture, of State for Media and Sport has a duty to compile 4.74 Order & Country Development) Planning (General Permitted Town The
4 ENVIRONMENT 86 4 ENVIRONMENT 87 contribution to the character or appearance of a conservationcontribution to the character or appearance area. In all other cases, demolition of an unlisted building in a consent for it can be shown where conservation be granted only will normally area the or where the character of the area that the building detracts from with that of when compared replacement contribution of the proposed the or equal benefit to be of more the existing building would conservation area. demolition is granted, consent for any Before the acceptable detailed plans for are be satisfied that there Council must and,the redevelopment of substantial demolition, in the case that the the integrity of the building. safeguard proposals be expected to provide sufficient information about the proposed about information sufficient to provide be expected to assess enable the Council immediate setting to and its development of on the character or appearance of the proposal the potential effect the conservation area. Demolition of unlisted buildings in conservationDemolition of unlisted buildings areas EN32 a positive of buildings which make The Council will seek the retention character and appearance of a conservation area and their retention is of a conservationcharacter and appearance and their retention area important to the preservation of that character. of Account will be taken value,the group buildings, the context and the setting of any as their as well intrinsic quality as individual buildings. the If a building detracts from conservation in which it is located, area cause no harm its loss would and no unsightly enhances the area proposal the redevelopment provided remain.gaps little or no contribution to the When a building makes of the conservationcharacter or appearance area, the Council will assess against that of the existing replacement any the contribution made by building. part demolition of a substantial for When considering applications of a building, to be satisfied that the parts that would the Council will have to the building makes not essential to the contribution the be lost are its structural to ensure measures conservation and that effective area during demolition and building works. stability will be taken constraints on the form of new development. of new form constraints on the It is important that every not as a separate entity but as part building is designed new of a larger character of its own. established well whole which has a in the Changes if the even the character of an area erode also gradually pattern of uses can unaltered. relatively buildings remain importantthat uses It is therefore not displaced the character of a conservationwhich contribute to are area or change of use. redevelopment by the historic These will be identified in assessment of conservation to be incorporated in SPG. areas The the detailing from characteristics of a conservation derive architectural area of existing buildings and the particular materials used in their construction. natural durable and preferably The Council will encourage the use of materials, to the particular traditional conservation area, in all development proposals.Where for being altered buildings within a conservation are area people with disabilities, of access for the provision Council will balance the of conservationthis against the interests and preservation. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.76 buildings, Many both listed and unlisted, a contribution to the make 4.75 place particular The of each conservation characteristics may area shopfronts which make a positive contribution to the character or a positive which make shopfronts will be resisted, of the area appearance will be and their repair encouraged. to be out of is considered the existing shopfront Where character with the building and/or area, the Council will encourage to the building, which is appropriate shopfront installation of a new and of the conservationenhances the character or appearance area. When of,replacement to, or alterations proposed, are a shopfront the Council that its design,will seek to ensure detailing, and materials are execution of a high quality, with the special characteristics of the building accord of the the special character or appearance or enhance and preserve conservation area. unlisted buildings in conservationunlisted buildings in areas, Council will seek to ensure the is of a high works detailing of the proposed that the design and standard, to, sympathetic used which are and materials are or which contribution to, a positive make and character of the the architecture building and its surroundings. practical and appropriate, Where the of which include the replacement proposals Council will welcome been lost, which have original features of past and the removal or the character detract from which alterations and structures of the building and its conservation setting. appearance area Shopfronts in conservation Shopfronts areas EN34 Within conservation areas, or unsympathetic alteration of removal the repair.and maintained in good In the past, led have pressures commercial of historic interest,to the loss of shopfronts been which could have successfully,repaired to with poor quality shopfronts and their replacement EN33 permission is necessaryof and maintenance Where the repair for their setting. and of its buildings and other structures the special interest A to in order fall into disrepair to allowed building should not be deliberately justify its demolition. of neglect. often the result are Major problems to the preservation the key therefore are Regular maintenance and repair of buildings in a conservation area. the integrity of a building, restore To particularly part if it forms of a homogeneous group, which original features and damaging replaced should be repair beyond are been lost or have alterations or extensions should be reversed. Restoration, and repair sympathetic are out using materials which maintenance should be carried to in order the building or structure to the design and historic character of or enhance the quality of the conservationpreserve area. As the setting of of its and condition treatment buildings depends on the appropriate surroundings, condition and in a good should be kept their grounds compatible. environmentally Restoration and maintenance of buildings in of and maintenance Restoration conservation areas
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.78 be protected which should feature a townscape are shopfronts Traditional 4.77 on Preservation of a conservation or enhancement depends greatly area
4 ENVIRONMENT 88 4 ENVIRONMENT 89 which make a positive contribution to the character or appearance of a or appearance contribution to the character a positive which make in their setting. and retained preserved conservation are area If this is not practicable, in the elsewhere their re-use the Council will welcome development. contribute to the character or appearance of the conservationcontribute to the character or appearance and area planting. or replacement additional enhancement through will promote sensitively such trees will be expected to incorporate any Developers into the design of proposals. Structures of interest in conservation of interest areas Structures EN36 The Council will seek to ensure, practicable, where that structures of a conservationappearance area. when become redundant These may associated ceases. are the use with which they a rich heritage Camden has in this respect: canal bridges, gasometers, vaults and tunnels, underground posts, lamps, paving, and signs. bollards of such structures The retention to establish a link with can help and their integration into a development the past and the locality and enhance the conservation area. EN35 which trees of and protection The Council will seek the retention Trees in conservation areas Trees and Country Planning Town under the protected conservation and are area Act. and their distribution on The combination of species and size of trees a particular on the townscape; effect the site can have it is therefore in another part planting will preserve that replacement of the site unlikely the character of the conservation area, is lost. tree particularly if a mature of schemes to in the design and layout be taken should therefore Care can be retained. existing significant trees that ensure should Developers on site not as a constraint but as a valuable the existence of trees regard as the wider as well that will enhance the development feature townscape area.The on the basis that new solely will not be allowed loss of trees on the site. elsewhere planting will be undertaken the detriment of the quality of the conservation of the quality the detriment area. is If a shopfront or altered,replaced of the the characteristics should respect the design building and, appropriate, where such features framework or restore retain as pilasters, brackets. fascias and console seen at close are As shopfronts quarters,the quality of materials, the detailing and and finishes execution important.are Towns English Historic should be made to the Reference and advertisements and, on shopfronts publication Forum in the case of listed buildings, English Heritage. from shopfronts the guidance for will be identified interest of historic or architectural Particular shopfronts of conservationin the historic assessment in SPG. to be incorporated areas and signs, features shopfront For made to policies should be reference EN29 and EN30. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.80 Structures, other than buildings, can contribute to the character and 4.79 of a the character and appearance a significant contribution to make Trees listed buildings, Listed Building Consent will be for and all applications of preserving to the desirability the special regard having considered building or its setting, or historic of special architectural features or any which it possesses. interest area which may affect its character or appearance, affect which may area the Council will enhances the or preserves development consider whether the (as set out in information additional require conservation and may area determining the application. EN31) before EN38 of the preservation of in favour presumption will be a general There of English Heritage (see para 4.73).the direction The Council also has to for Ancient Monuments Commission on Historic and notify the Royal England prior to the demolition of a listed building. Preservation of listed buildings generations. future maintained for adequately 4,460 buildings and are There on the statutory in Camden that are their architectural list for structures or historic interest. to the townscape a contribution Listed buildings make of Camden, value. their group either as individual buildings or for In order integrity of a listed building, the to retain the Council needs to control its character, affect which would as internal works external as well or structural stability.appearance could disturbance to the structure Any further which could put additional works requiring defects in serious result strain on the structure. of a listed damage to the structure Physical to the building or demolition or construction works building can arise from adjoining buildings, or heavy uses of the building leading to overloading traffic close to the building. behind the facade of a listed building Rebuilding acceptable.be considered will not normally listed buildings are Where people with disabilities, of access for the provision for being altered the conservation of Council will balance this against the interests and preservation. to fit into been designed originally have would Listed buildings a particular part context or form of a set piece. The setting of a listed but often can extend be limited to its immediate surroundings building may it,some distance from proposed. if a high or bulky building is especially The diminished if unsympathetic value of a listed building can be greatly or the harmonious relationship mars its appearance nearby development with its surroundings. Proposals outside conservationProposals areas EN37conservation outside a development for When assessing a proposal development outside the designated area but visible from it. but visible from outside the designated area development example, For a distance some area a visual impact on an could have high or bulky building away.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.83 subject to decisions on Grade I and II* listed buildings are The Council’s 4.82 and that has to be protected resource an irreplaceable Listed buildings are 4.81of a conservation by The character or appearance could be affected area
4 ENVIRONMENT 90 4 ENVIRONMENT 91 of structural elements and other original features in a listed building. features of structural elements and other original deteriorated beyond missing or have are original features where Only be replaced. should they repair the use of non- work replacement For traditional materials will be resisted. purposes which make a positive contribution to their fabric, a positive purposes which make interior, and setting. for the purpose for use of buildings the continued for Proposals designed, originally were which they to that use the reversion or for it has been changed,where and, will be particularly welcomed where possible, supported, not be in conflict with other this would provided policies of the Plan. in the loss of result that would Proposals features, architectural the original plan form, obscure layout, structural will be diminish the historic value of the building integrity or otherwise resisted. should be made to the English Heritage publication ‘The Repair of Historic should be made to the English Heritage publication Buildings’(1995). EN40 rather than replacement and repair The Council will seek the retention damaged or are features structural elements deteriorate and architectural lost. It is important to the integrity and long term survival historic of necessary to the minimum to stabilise is kept work buildings that repair and conserve the building. be may Later alterations including earlier repairs important history as part of the cumulative of a building. a listed Where building is at risk, the necessary to secure the Council will use its powers repairs. Restoration of listed buildings Use of listed buildings listed buildings Use of EN39 used for listed buildings are that The Council will seek to ensure wherever possible this original use should continue or be returned to if at or be returned possible this original use should continue wherever all possible. buildings is to of historic of securing the upkeep The best way use. them in active keep This may, most often, be the original use but, when which no longer exists becomes vacant a need for a building erected the survival to secure of the uses will be considered alternative appropriate building. In all cases, change the Council will consider whether a proposed will require use may the new of use and the subsequent alterations of the listed building. or historic interest the architectural preserve a change of use that be granted for Planning permission will not normally with other policies in the Plan, conflict would will be given and preference use, priority to any such as housing. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.86 to a listed building is to be undertaken, work repair Where reference 4.85 in need of repair, been neglected and are buildings have When listed 4.84 which it was designed and a historic building is the use for The best use for acquire due statutory due acquire protection. in favour be a presumption will There preservation important of nationally archaeological of the physical remains, whether scheduled or not, and important archaeological in situ. be preserved should remains the preservation of such Where situ cannot be achieved, in remains that no the Council will require and recording place until satisfactory shall take excavation development an archaeological out on site by been carried have of the remains the Council. by organisation approved cases, In appropriate the Council such matters, to cover seek voluntary agreements may including the publication of the results, subject to grant planning permission or may for conditions.Where due provision do not propose developers accommodating important remains, be refused. permission may archaeological interest and their settings. interest archaeological the When researching potential of a site,development should, developers in all cases, of whether desk-based assessments archaeological their own undertake remains.Within to contain archaeological or likely the site is known archaeological sites having and on other Areas Priority Archaeological potential, to field evaluation an archaeological require the Council may is determined. application a planning out before be carried archaeological importance,archaeological to applicants the Council will consider directing developments, furthersupply details of proposed of including the results desk-based assessment and field evaluation,archaeological under the and Country Planning (General Town Article 3(2) of the of provisions 1995. Order Procedure) Development remains If important archaeological found,are to the remains which allow should adopt measures developers in situ. preserved be permanently In other cases, seek to the Council may the analysis, for provision secure interpretation, and publication of display finds. and of any investigation of archaeological the results Retaining archaeological sites and their setting Retaining archaeological EN42 remains that important The Council will recommend archaeological in certain will be found parts remains of the Borough that archaeological Areas. Priority Archaeological as Map identified on the Proposals which are individual finds in other parts been many of the already have There Borough, and no location can be ruled out. Council will consult with, The Advisory Archaeology and be guided by, London English Heritage (Greater proposals, Service) implications of development on the archaeological and in the vicinity of Areas Priority Archaeological within the especially find spots.known the English Heritage of these is maintained by A record Advisory Service Sites and London (Greater Archaeology London Greater Record). Monuments Preservation of archaeological heritage Preservation of archaeological EN41 The Council will seek to protect, sites of and preserve enhance
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.88 of remains are that there to believe reason is good there Where 4.87 is considerable likelihood The history there indicates that of the Borough
4 ENVIRONMENT 92 4 ENVIRONMENT 93 corridor if the proposed height exceeds the development plane height exceeds the development if the proposed corridor drum of St. and either the base of the lower viewpoint the between Westminster. of the Palace of Cathedral or the general roofline Paul’s which would consultation area” “background and consultation area” the strategic views. affect adversely will of the views The improvement redeveloped. height are be sought when existing buildings of excessive montage studies of the likely Applicants will be expected to provide it is where which is within the defined area impact of a proposal Height. Threshold Plane the Development thought it will breach strategic views of St.Westminster strategic views Palace of Cathedral and the Paul’s the Secretary the Environment.identified by of State for The measures the including to all proposals apply strategic views protecting for and obstruct or mar the views currently of buildings which replacement high buildings. of existing the shadow buildings within for proposals Wider setting of strategic views Wider setting of strategic EN45“wider setting within the defined development The Council will resist Viewing corridor Viewing EN44 within a viewing development a refuse The Council will normally in UDPs.importance of national strategic views should be safeguarded Ten Party of London Working a Joint been identified by have strategic views Authorities,Planning eight of St. of the Palace of Cathedral and two Paul’s than one Borough. more all of which traverse Westminster views Five Hill and Parliament Hill to both St. Primrose originate in Camden (from to St. Kenwood and from Westminster Paul’s). and the Palace of Paul’s Two (of St.others originating outside the Borough and Greenwich from Paul’s part of the Borough. covering their background Blackheath Park) have from Regional Planning Guidance (RPG3A) describes the considerations which Corridors,Viewing Wider Setting within the defined should be applied and Areas. Consultation the Background and Areas Consultation The Secretary & Country Planning General Town under the of State has made directions Corridors,Viewing 1988 which define the Order the Development Area. Wider Setting Consultation and the Area Consultation Background on planning consultation where set out the circumstances The directions should the strategic views which could affect development for applications Authorities. with other Local Planning be undertaken the Council is Where minded to grant permission against the advice of another Local Planning that view, protecting in the Authority involved requires the Direction to be submitted to the DETR to assess whether it should be application determination. the Secretarycalled in for of State’s Strategic views Strategic EN43 proposals, When assessing development the will protect the Council London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.89 London advises that the skyline and Strategic planning guidance for cultural activities; Planning Authority; Metropolitan Open Land,Metropolitan be permitted in very which will only special circumstances. of this policy, the purposes For development appropriate includes: a agriculture, orchards, and forestry; woodland b cemeteries and associated crematoria; c grounds; in extensive existing institutions standing d conservation nature and wildlife; e rivers, canals, reservoirs,f lakes, docks, and other open water; facilities, recreational outdoor predominantly arts including and g allotments and nursery gardens; h the Local on sites designated by and caravanning camping short stay i open-air tourist facilities. Metropolitan Open Land Open Metropolitan EN46 in development against inappropriate is a general presumption There and within the local urban area by providing useful and attractive breaks in breaks useful and attractive providing by and within the local urban area a variety of high quality open spaces, retaining and by the built up area important their recreational, and areas for landscapes conservation, nature cultural and historic value.There and local by is a long term commitment open land by to maintain and enhance metropolitan central government and land uses. unsuitable development from it free keeping is There the a need to set out acceptable uses in MOL which recognises therefore conservation and nature landscape value of the land and its importance as a Londoners. for recreation place of informal In line with the presumption Land, Open in Metropolitan development against inappropriate attempts or open air recreational informal new should first be made to locate any Boroughs. within Camden or its adjoining tourist uses elsewhere The Table ancillary buildings guidelines for to uses acceptable in MOL outlined in London Guidance for Advice on Strategic Planning 5 (page 92) of LPAC 7.7 and 7.8 in RPG3 will be used to assess the (1994) and paragraphs impact of such proposals. It is also important the need for to recognise character of the landscape management plans to enhance and improve Land. Open Metropolitan existing open need to protect is strong There and land of development and form land and a need to consider the nature its setting. to protect uses in the vicinity of the MOL especially Map. on the UDP Proposals Open Land is shown Metropolitan natural environment
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8 and the Open space 4.90 Open Land (MOL) brings benefits to the whole of London Metropolitan
4 ENVIRONMENT 94 4 ENVIRONMENT 95 public or private open space; or use taking place on land of which the open space concerned forms part, need that cannot is a demonstrable which there and for be satisfied elsewhere. reasonably space identified in the Schedules of Open Land Proposals and on the space identified in the Schedules of Open Land Proposals Map,Proposals unless: a ancillary to the use of the land as development is for the proposal b in the case of private open space, ancillary to a development it is for network of green chains and corridors for the purpose of establishing a for chains and corridors of green network conservation and nature resource,recreational on the as shown Map.Proposals which would development will oppose any The Council parts which or impair the character of those of the network destroy are, or become, established,‘missing links’ the identified protect and will development.from and chains Schemes to enhance the value of green corridors,‘missing links’ will be promoted. the provide and to The and local walks to improve metropolitan Council will also develop chains, and green open spaces access to and linkages between and to in pleasant environments. pedestrian routes provide EN48private open of public or The Council will not permit development Public and private open space and Public Forum and endorsed by LPAC in Advice on Strategic Planning Guidance for in LPAC and endorsed by Forum London (1994).They enhance access to open spaces and generally would and wherever pedestrians for in the urban area movement improve and pleasant environment.They cyclists in a safer possible for will provide transportopportunities alternative with significant environmental for benefits. in partnership with the voluntary Inn Fields developed to Lincoln’s Cross sector in 1987-8) has been extended and incorporated into the network. but the Council will aim in of routes a number shows Map The Proposals networks. borough-wide the longer term to achieve EN47 The Council, in conjunction with other Boroughs, has designated a corridor while green role emphasis on access and a strategic places more local level,extends to a more wildlife pieces of linear narrower involving function. the emphasis is on wildlife habitat where Although not always public access, to have appropriate in the urban also provide may they people living, for access routes environment and visiting the working their health and well-being. enhancing in natural surroundings Borough Green Chains,Green and Corridors Green Walks Metropolitan London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.93 King’s from and pleasant pedestrian route (a safer initiative The Greenways 4.92Walking the London by of walks agreed a network walks are Metropolitan 4.91as corridors, chains act All green chains the concept of green however the integrity, setting, conservation of parks, historic and nature interest Squares.Where and London gardens appropriate, it will encourage their to enhance their value. and management restoration (OGOL), allotments, such as institutions, of housing estates and grounds large gardens, backlands, embankments, rail and vacant land not verges otherwise categorised. facilities attached to schools and fields and open sports and recreational other large institutions such as colleges, and estates and sports hospitals clubs, of such establishments, or of the grounds suitable are they where or open sports fields and recreational use as playing continued for facilities. unless it is ancillary will not be permitted to, Development and necessary for, the open character such use and does not detract from of the land. In either case, in scale to small sufficiently be must the development the land to be retained. open character of enable the EN50 open land on other green The Council will oppose development facilities fields and open sports and recreational Playing EN51 of existing playing the development for proposals The Council will resist Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest and Interest of Special Historic and Gardens Parks London Squares EN49 affect adversely which may The Council will not permit development open land Other green to its recreational, of open land in addition role amenity, nature conservation and aesthetic value, is public access to there or not whether it. It contributes to the health, and quality of life; well-being it is an important part of the heritage of the urban environment; it enhances quality and character of local areas; attracted and business and tourism are to it. of pollution, the effects It also alleviates air quality and improves and has considerable ecological value.microclimate The government Guidance Note 17: in Planning Policy recognises Sport and Recreation (1991) that use of land as open space is no less important than other uses, ever. for and once built on it is lost to the community open space is Other Act, Preservation legislation such as the London Squares through protected 1931. of a Register of Parks and Gardens English Heritage has prepared Special Historic Interest, the Council will consult with English Heritage and Heritage Register of sites included on the English affecting proposals over of Special Historic Interest.Parks and Gardens In exceptional circumstances, ancillary as public or to the use of the land development the development for be acceptable and proposals private open space may
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.94 public and private open space, In defining the wider the Council recognises
4 ENVIRONMENT 96 4 ENVIRONMENT 97 “when not required for “when not required (para 41). spaces which is detrimental to their integrity, and setting in appearance terms of height, scale or massing or which, in terms of its use, is likely of those spaces. to intrude on the public enjoyment accessible space, space, particularly green developments, in new including internal courtyards. open of new In seeking the provision space, identified as deficient. priority to those areas the Council will give Provision of public open space in new developments open space in new of public Provision EN53 of public open space and publicly The Council will seek the provision Development bordering designated open spaces bordering Development EN52 public and private open bordering development will resist The Council elements,built and architectural but the local area unique to not only are also to London.Their to scale, linked success and viability is closely and development. character and quality of adjacent townscape land take, through directly that encroaches Development or indirectly design, inappropriate through an impact upon these spaces and can have be resisted. will equally their original purposes, need for they may be able to meet the growing land in the wider community” recreational of other green open land could be acceptable only if equivalent open space if equivalent only land could be acceptable open of other green the the same needs as locality to meet either in the same is made provision replace,open space it is to in deficient of the Borough in another area or 7.1 of RPG3,Table using the techniques in defined in public open space (as in London’ ‘Open Space Planning report Report/LPAC Davies the Llewellyn criteria).(1992) and using other EN1. EN3 and Figure Appendix See glossary.defined in the UDP also listed private open spaces are Public and Map. on the Proposals shown in the schedules and open land, Other green as defined, open space and for of a wider role contributes to the realisation also needs to be protected. which from It constitutes a potential resource as and when opportunities and local open space can be created new become available.resources fields,playing to PPG17 refers whether school fields,playing other public, by or those owned or voluntary private organisations, and recreational their both for special significance as having amenity value and, and cities, in towns their contribution to the green for space of an urban environment. say on to It goes land,back garden to disturbance and loss of amenity, in addition reduces conservationthe local nature residents. value for that, The study found for example, lead to in such areas density of development an increased substantial decline in the variety of birds. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.97location and variety of open spaces, Often the combined with the defining 4.95 Public open space, open land are space and other green private open 4.96 of the London Ecology study by that development Unit has shown A recent vacant, land into beneficial use. or unused derelict In particular, the the use of such land as open involving proposals Council will favour conservation nature space for and local amenity on a permanent or temporary basis. The Council will also welcome the provision of green space having a space having of green the provision will also welcome The Council to space the balance of green which improves and role non-recreational built environment. to public open spaces and improvements new Where proposed, spaces are existing public open the Council will, wherever practical, with these accessible to people to make developers require disabilities. Vacant and derelict land and derelict Vacant EN54 bringing The Council will initiate and support schemes that involve urban areas offers all users and visitors more contact with the natural contact with all users and visitors more offers urban areas needs.recreation and informal meet their formal and environment Open and microclimate of air quality to the improvement spaces also contribute and pleasant routes. safe and can provide in the urban area can They helping to facilitate of an area quality the environmental improve regeneration. open land, including open space in the Borough, a methodology to develop of establishing open space deficiency. The study highlighted that purely assessing value and local is inadequate as a basis for evaluation quantitative needs. considerations such as dependant on qualitative equally These are housing quality, population mix and density, demands, local ease of access on foot, to access and on the actual quality natural and constructed barriers and viability of the land.in contained The Council will adopt the standards benchmark (with the exception of 7.1 of RPG3 as the minimum Table also assess overall parking at district and larger parks) but will for standards quality.environmental space the of outdoor playing the provision For Association will be Fields National Playing the by recommended standards in PPG17). A into account (Table taken scale with easy, proposals. development access to immediate and safe The Council also values streetscapes, of land and small pockets areas pedestrian quality and open space provision.in contributing to environmental Some to attention need early with dense development of the Borough areas open space provision. opportunity to improve utilise any include parts They End wards.West Cross,of King’s and St John’s with The Council will work to meet local needs. open space and improving creating in the community the smaller spaces, use of even Imaginative ball games, example for for can open space,enhance the benefits from in the involvement and community of such uses is important.management and development Designated open Map, on the Proposals shown Appendix EN3 spaces are in with details given Schedule of Open Spaces.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.99 of study of all forms in a comprehensive Camden co-operated with LPAC 4.100 at the local, provision aim to improve The Council will especially smaller 4.98 spaces in accessible new and creating the loss of open space Controlling
4 ENVIRONMENT 98 4 ENVIRONMENT 99 destruction of, or damage to, (SSSIs), Sites of Special Scientific Interest or statutoryReserves (LNRs) as identified on the Local Nature Map,Proposals or important impacts on wildlife unless damaging the imposition of planning by can be prevented features physical permission granted. conditions in any destruction of, or damage to, sites of metropolitan, or local Borough conservation and Map nature importance on the Proposals (as shown Appendix EN3:listed in Schedule of Open Spaces), unless damaging by can be prevented features or importantimpacts on wildlife physical granted. permission the imposition of planning conditions in any conservationwill seek the enhancement and upgrading of the nature into beneficial use,into beneficial available. aid where the assistance of grant with The the use of vacant land as open Council is particularly to secure anxious conservation people. of local nature space for and the enjoyment will be encouraged and and local management based initiatives Community supported appropriate. where publications, issues through other environmental local involving by and voluntarycommunities organisations in sites and their management, by access and use of sites, and encouraging improving supporting, and by appropriate,where environmental and informal of formal the provision education. accrue and health benefits that may to environmental In addition as a result, conservation nature in education and an important has role development.community includes environmental The National Curriculum theme,education as a cross-curricular of the local availability making important. more suitable sites even New sites of nature conservation sites of nature importanceNew EN57 and sites and habitats of new The Council will encourage the creation EN55 in the result that would The Council will oppose development conservationSites of nature importance EN56 in the result that would The Council will oppose development Sites of Special Scientific Interest and Local Interest Sites of Special Scientific Reserves Nature London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.102 conservation of nature and awareness greater The Council will promote 9 conservation Nature 4.101 bringing vacant land and encourage schemes for The Council will promote and potential nature conservation interest of a site and its relevance to conservation of a site and its relevance and potential nature interest and chains.The corridors green and Council will seek the protection conservation of of nature interest enhancement of habitats and features a site. nature conservationnature importance of land near the boundary with Camden. value of existing sites by sensitive design, sensitive sites by value of existing planting and appropriate management. targeted to areas will be habitat creation sites and New protection the relevant and will receive interest deficient in wildlife described above. Reserves designated where will be Local Nature appropriate. Impact of development EN59 In assessing proposals, into account the existing the Council will take a while. been left undisturbed for have they enhance the balance and To and meet local needs, of the Borough of natural environment diversity it is of the to the special interest to respond important the development for site. by to the advice and guidance produced regard The Council will have advisory including London Ecology groups the specialist environmental Unit, and Friends of the Earth,Trust English Nature, and Wildlife London Sites outside the Borough Sites outside EN58 the and protect to recognise boroughs The Council will urge adjacent degradation, suffers natural environment as suffers the quality of human life a consequence. account of the to take local authorities requires PPG12 including conservation in the widest sense in plan preparation environment species and habitats (para 4.4).and enhancement of wildlife Planning Policy Guidance Note 9: Conservation the Government’s Nature (1994) restates commitment to conserving and sets out the principles and natural heritage conservation of nature priorities in land to the reflection policies that apply use planning. nature for framework the legislative It also sets out conservation,Act 1981. Wildlife includes the Countryside which and This duty embraces the conservationflora, of fauna, geological and physiographic areas. as rural to the urban as well and extends features Other sites of conservation conservation and landscape importantnature nature are for quality and amenity of green a significant contribution to the and make spaces in the Borough. resources deficient in wildlife Camden is relatively social importance of greater to the so sites of lesser intrinsic value are community. definition The Council has adopted the London Ecology Unit’s an accessible site distance to deficiency based on one kilometre of of areas importance benchmark, as the minimum or Borough of metropolitan and of local areas. nature into account the qualitative will also take
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.104 conservation an intrinsic nature if value especially have sites may Vacant 4.103 is essential. environment The maintenance of a balanced and diverse If the
4 ENVIRONMENT 100 4 ENVIRONMENT 101 impact on ancient woodlands within Hampstead Heath or elsewhere in within Hampstead Heath or elsewhere impact on ancient woodlands the Borough. vegetation through the use of appropriate legislation and the the use of appropriate through vegetation strategy the management of the Borough’s implementation of a tree for development, for assessing proposals canopy.When tree the Council will canopy, tree and of the amenity seek the enhancement of the Borough’s conservation of individual sites,and nature interest planting new through works. and associated landscaping own and other land for which planning applications are made by, made are planning applications which land for and other own for example, important of management plans for sites. the production It will encourage owners, managers, statutory authorities, schools and the by the benefit of wildlife manage their land for health authorities to appropriate, where agreements use of management and and improve encourage access to, and use of, sites. possible, Wherever the Council such land accessible to people with to make will encourage developers disabilities. Ancient woodlands EN62 a detrimental have it may will not be permitted where Development Tree canopy and vegetation vegetation and canopy Tree EN61 and canopy tree and enhance the Borough’s The Council will protect Management for nature conservation nature for Management EN60 conservation nature of its in the management The Council will promote will encourage land owners and developers to take these into account in these into to take and developers land owners will encourage land. management of their and the development conservation in land.nature interest of lack of as a result Loss of interest to alter the character or use reason management will not be accepted as a of land. access to, It should also encourage increased and use of, sites and involvement education in schools and community help boost environmental issues. in environmental London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 10 and woodland Trees 4.105 management will protect, Appropriate the loss of enhance and prevent of Open Spaces, with the owners seek agreement the Council will local of improving interests planting in the tree concerned to secure amenity, habitats, wildlife air pollution or improving ameliorating microclimates. Urban forestryUrban EN63 EN3 - Schedule Appendix urban forestry in On the sites designated for taken together form the Borough’s tree canopy. tree the Borough’s form together taken in The value of vegetation to provide, is acknowledged urban areas inter alia, amenity to people and wildlife,habitat for enhance the character of local areas, ameliorate air local microclimates.pollution and improve a The Council has approved land in planting on its own Strategy and will implement tree Tree with the strategy.accordance it will seek complement this approach To appropriate. to planting on private land where agreement An initial list of Spaces.sites is included in the Schedule of Open will be to trees Works control, development TPOs,TPO through regulated and applications issuing conservation notifications. sites area on development to be retained (Trees appropriate, Where to BS 5837:1990.) according should be protected be left in management should and tree woodland arising from deadwood an important ecosystems. element of woodland situ to provide
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.106 Trees, woodlands, and existing vegetation as specimens or in groups, either
4 ENVIRONMENT 102 4 ENVIRONMENT 103 252627 Priory Road 28 Redington/Frognal 29 Canal Regent’s 30 Park Regent’s 31 Garden) Dials (Covent Seven 32 South Hill Park 33Wood St John’s 34 Strand Swiss Cottage Road Green/Parsifal End West 151617 Highgate Village 18 Lodge Estate Holly 19 Street Jeffrey’s 20 Street Kelly 21 Town Kentish 22 Pancras Cross/St King’s 23 Kingsway 24 Mansfield Parkhill Hill Primrose 567 Square Camden 89 Camden Town 10 Charlotte Street Dartmouth Park 11 Denmark Street 12 Elsworthy 13 Eton 14 Fitzjohns/Netherhall Hampstead Village Hatton Garden 1234 Alexandra Road Bartholomew Estate Belsize Park Bloomsbury Appendix EN1:Appendix List of conservation areas Number area conservation Name of London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development publicly accessible open space in table 7.1 of RPG3. accessible publicly has also been A map of each of these types catchment areas the theoretical showing produced • Public Open Spaces • Private Open Spaces. applicable: where • London Squares • Urban Forest • of Special Historic Importance Gardens (GSHI) • Open Land Metropolitan • Ancient Woodlands • (SSSI) Sites of Special Scientific Interest • Conservation Sites of Nature Importance (SNI) • Allotments • Reserves. Local Nature alignments of: also shows map •‘missing links’) (existing and Chains and Corridors Green •‘potential links’). (existing and Walks Metropolitan as sites.below However, Chains, in the case of Green the existence of an corridor) open space designation adjacent to a linear link (such as a railway Chain.does lead to the designation of the linear link as a Green further For Chains and Green to policy EN47 which covers refer please information Walks. Metropolitan Deficiency analysis map Deficiency analysis Appendix EN3: of open spaces Schedule Appendix EN2:Appendix of ancient monuments Schedule No. Title Monument 1 Grave), Mound (Boadicea’s Heath Hampstead TQ 273 864 Grid Reference
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.111 of open space in Camden has been assessed using the types of Deficiency 4.108 In addition, each site for shown are designations the following 4.109 defined in the glossary. All of these designations are The UDP Proposals 4.110 identified in the schedule not individually and are linear in nature These are 4.107 schedules: listed in two are All open spaces in the Borough
4 ENVIRONMENT 104 4 ENVIRONMENT 105 ------(0-2ha) (2-20ha) YESYES 12YES 16 - - 1 - YESYES 20 3 1 1 YESYESYESYES 7 YES - 11 13 8 - - - YESYES 11 9YES - YES YES - 9YES 7 - - 21 - small local park level local park level additional additional open spaces open spaces wards considered being deficient in Local and Small Local parks.This being deficient considered wards has to the deficiency map. as a supplement below been reproduced Deficiency analysis at ward level at ward Deficiency analysis of open space (Figure EN1). (Figure of open space local of a small the catchment distance for The less than 0.4km. RPG3 as by park is defined been In practice this has 1992,defined as 280m (LPAC para 6.2.19). radii line fixed The use of direct of disadvantages,has a number of deficiency. but it is an indication This will permit. when resources be refined Holborn South End Gospel Oak Caversham Castlehaven Grafton Belsize Chalk Farm Camden Park Regent’s Brunswick Bloomsbury Fortune Green Fitzjohn’s St John’s Swiss Cottage Priory Adelaide St Pancras Somers Town Cross King’s Highgate Hampstead Town Frognal End West Kilburn Ward Deficient at Deficient at Number of Number of London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.112 Open Space Planning in London (1992) lists report 6.5.3 of the LPAC Table open spaces; of deficiency; more refined look at deficiency.This will include: refined more • each Public Open Space; boundaries for area catchment refining • in existing public the quality of facilities and their provision assessing • accessible open spaces in areas publicly opportunities assessing new for • account of further taking advice. Further analysis on deficiency work
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4.113of the UDP it is intended, During the review subject to resources, a to take
4 ENVIRONMENT 106 Urban Forest planti Urban Forest and with central se Public Open Space embankmen railway Public Open Large Hampstead featurin and five children’s Public Open Space Squares Preservatio site of the original smaller area in the site.of the existing Green Public Open area. Belsize Park Public Open Space community garden since 1987 when it ‘Brightening Up Lon YES Grassed Public Ope YES Schedule of open spaces Schedule EN3: Antrim Grove Public Public Antrim Grove Gardens School Argyle Community Garden Ampthill Square Ainsworth Park Ainsworth Agar Grove Estate Agar Grove Space Open Agar Grove 5 6 4 3 1 2 Appendix open spaces (Sites 1 to 115) Public SiteNo. Name Urban London GSHI Square Forest MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Woodland Allotment Local Description Reserve
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 107 Public Open Space Squares Preservatio Public Open Space law well-maintained to the South East designated a borou Conservation Impo Unit. Ecology bounds of Hampste Squares Preservatio also designated a Historic Interest by Conservation Impo Unit. Ecology B1.2 YES Designated a boro B2.1 Pu wooded Heavily MOL1 YES M72 Ancient Woodland YES 1117 Public Open Space YES site 1 SNI Branch Hill Bloomsbury Square Bishops Wood Gardens Bell Moor Wood Belsize Open Space Argyle Square Argyle No. Square Forest Woodland Reserve 12 11 10 8 9 7 Site Name Urban London GSHI MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Allotment Local Description
108 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan allotments, designate of Nature Conservat Uni London Ecology community garden created on this site satisfactory resolutio access and managem Public Open Space forecourt area of th Green Public Open Broadhurst Gardens. Public Open Space Street and Dorringto Squares Preservation designated a Garden London Interest by is open from midda Samll triangle of tre Sq adjacent to Pond railings. by B1.2 YES Proposed Public Op YES 1119 Public Open Space Burlington Court Brunswick Square Square Brunswick Broadhurst Copse Broadhurst Market Brookes Gardens British Museum Grounds Open Space Triangle Branch Hill Site 3 Branch Hill 18 17 15 16 14 13
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 109 in 1983 as a com comm local run by wheelchair access t which has been de Nature Conservatio Unit. Ecology Green, P triangular in the London Squ 1931 and situated Road and Camden Public Open Space Squares Preservatio one Approximately gardens is a dog This is a Public O Camden Square Ga Chapel. It was or protect but is now bollards access by Public Op Towpath access agreeme by L5 wartime bo Former YES YES Canal Land (Baynes St Canal Land (Baynes Camden Square Camden Square Camden Square Camden Square Camden Gardens Gardens Walkway Way) to St Pancras Calthorpe Project 23 22 21 20 19 SiteNo. Name Urban London GSHI Square Forest MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Woodland Allotment Local Description Reserve
110 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan Public Open Space Squares Preservatio Large, Public Green whic Camden Town area play children’s P Partially wooded railing bounded by seati central paved close to Chalk Farm Open Space. and g Semi-wooded Space bounded by containing a childr Green Public Open pathw zigzag paved rise apartm low by area play Children’s with public access Lorraine Court and Small, triangular Pu featuring a drinkin The Heath & O by YES College Gardens College Clarence Way Way Clarence Crescent College Clarence Gardens Clarence Chalton Street Chalton Street Cantelowes Gardens Cantelowes Chalcot Square Open Space Open Space 30 28 29 27 26 24 25
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 111 featuring a childre Green Public Open Colville Place situat Whitfield Street and Public O Temporary of hard-surfaced pla grassed area. Green Public Open shrubb bounded by to the East of Rege Green, split-level P Listed in the Londo Preservation Act 19 Public Open Space bounded on all sid Road. of Elsworthy Small, triangular Pu listed in the Londo Act 1931 and form Adamson between R Winchester Road. YES YES Eton Avenue Elsworthy Road Elsworthy Open Space Elm Village Enclosure Crown Close Crown Cumberland Market Crabtree Fields Crabtree 36 35 34 32 33 SiteNo. Name31 Urban London GSHI Square Forest MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Woodland Allotment Local Description Reserve
112 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan Public Open Space Public Open Space Squares Preservation garden forming two war memorial in fro Public Open Space playground children’s Fa between pathway Leverton Place Public Open Space Squares Preservation of a grass strip bou Pu Partially wooded adjoining Hampstead Green Play Fortune Public Open Space community garden old bomb-site and raised beds and a users Public Open Space Squares Preservation w forming a wooded Goldington Crescent. YES YES YES Goldington Crescent Goldington Crescent Gardens Open Space Street Frederick Community Garden Gardens Fortune Green Flask Walk Euston Square Euston Square Place Falkland 42 41 40 39 37 38
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 113 Large Public Open Public Large playgrou children’s H Camden Council’s Green Public Open playgrou children’s Gospel Oak. Green Public Open the frontage to th o Terrace as Grove These open spaces London Squares Pr Green Public Open managed for its ec L Camden Council’s Metropolitan Open metropolitan Site o Importance Lon by includes tracts of Sites of Special Sci Public Open Space with seating area. MOL1 M72 This important site YES Hampstead Road Hampstead Heath Hampstead Green Open Space Grafton Terrace Playground Terrace Grove Squares Open Space Gospel Oak 48 47 46 44 45 43 SiteNo. Name Urban London GSHI Square Forest MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Woodland Allotment Local Description Reserve
114 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan A small hillside Pu of grass and trees of Hillfield Road. Public Open Space Squares Preservatio Public Open Space pedestrianised area pitch, pla children’s shrubbery. Publi Long narrow in the London Squ 1931 and forming The Moun between Public Open Space Squares Preservatio a grassed central Hampstead High St Set of three partia Open Spaces on H Terrace the Grove Public Open Space Cemetery comprisin tree surrounded by YES YES YES Hillfield Road Open Space Highgate Enclosures Highgate New Highgate Open Space Shrubbery High Street Shrubbery Open Space Town Heath Street Street Heath Harrington Square Harrington Street Hawley 55 53 54 52 51 49 50
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 115 Triangular Public O Triangular at the junction of Hollybush Hill and listed in the Londo Preservation Act 1 Green Public Open which includ Town playgrounds. Public Open Space playground, situate embankme railway Iverson Road. Public Open Space gr Street providing to Kings Cross. designated a Gard English Interest by of Special Historic Heritage, metrop a Conservation Impo Unit,Ecology and Open Land. Also and SSSI woodland 11201039 MOL1 M72 The grounds of Ke Open Space Public YES Kenwood Judd St Judd Keats’ House Grounds Iverson Road Road Iverson Islip Street Islip Street Playground Open Space Open Space Holly Bush Hill 61 59 60 58 57 56 SiteNo. Name Urban London GSHI Square Forest MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Woodland Allotment Local Description Reserve
116 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan and Hampstead He and Hampstead Hampstead Heath Open Public Large courts, p children’s paddling pool. Public Open Space Squares Preservatio reside bounded by Leighton Crescent listed in the Londo Preservation Act 1 Garden of Special English Heritage, a of Nature Conserva London Ecology by Public Open Paved corner of Linstead Road.Palmerston T raised beds and se 1039 MOL1 YES1039 YES MOL1 M72 YES M72 Ancient Woodland SSSI falling within YES YES 1813 L12 grassed Pub Large Linstead Street Leighton Crescent Leighton Crescent Inn Fields Lincoln’s Kilburn Grange Park Playground Open Space Kenwood/ Kenwood/ Hampstead Heath Hampstead Hampstead Heath 67 65 66 64 62 63
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 117 garden and pond, d horticultural project learning disabilities. Small Public Open grassed crescent bo the roadwa sides by Road and liste Park London Squares Pre Green Public Open running alongside t Road. Maygrove Green Public Open playgroun children’s O Public Temporary the Hall in the Nor Park. Peace Public Open Space playground, circ two courts, a centr and space listed in the Preservation Act 19 L3 Open Sp Temporary YES YES Enclosure Open Space Park (cornerPark of) Mill Lane (no. 160) Maygrove Peace Peace Maygrove Peace Maygrove Maygrove Maygrove Maitland Park Maitland Park Lismore Circus Lismore 73 71 72 70 69 SiteNo. Name68 Urban London GSHI Square Forest MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Woodland Allotment Local Description Reserve
118 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan designated as a loc designated as Conservation Import an elem should have within Kenwood and within Kenwood Public Open Space Squares Preservation End West as known Pu Partially wooded accessible from Brec Roughly triangular at the Mount Pleas Gough Street junctio Green Public Open Park. Regent’s Pu Teardrop-shaped the junction of Coll Road. Finchley Public Open Space Squares Preservation Northern tip of the private residence. 1039 MOL1 YES YES M72Wo Ancient SSSI and YES YES Oakley Square Oakley North Wood CornerNorthways Munster Square Montpelier Gardens Mount Pleasant Mill Lane Triangle Mill Lane 80 78 79 77 75 76 74
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 119 Public Open Space Cromer Street and as a community g includes raised bed a barbecue area a close to St Giles’ H includes such featu area play children’s and ample seating a local Site of Nat Importance Lon by Leafy Public Open London Squares Pr Vill as a registered and as Common L Cigar-shaped Publi a central reservati of Primrose Garde London views over to Chalk Farm. It as Metropolitan Op borough Site of Na Importance the by L4 a permanent Now MOL5 B2.5 Public O large Very YES Primrose Hill Primrose Garden Gardens Primrose Open Space Pond Square Pond Phoenix Community Peace Garden Peace 85 84 83 82 81 SiteNo. Name Urban London GSHI Square Forest MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Woodland Allotment Local Description Reserve
120 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan through London, des metropolitan Site of Conservation Import Uni London Ecology Green Chain. Green Public Open Green Public Open soft-surfaced childre play Small children’s general public acces Church of St Mary’s School. Green Public Open Bloomsburyin listed Squares Preservation Public Open Space London Squares Pre a Garden of Special English Heritage by Open Land. Howeve of the eastern side the Borough of Cam Green Public Open St Richard of Chiche School. M6 Public Open S Large 1156 MOL6 M97 green open s Large YES YES Rochester Place Regent’s Park Regent’s Regent Square Regent Canal Regent’s Open Space Playground Red Lion Square Purchese Street Street Purchese Road Quex 92 91 89 90 88 86 87
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 121 Public Open Space Squares Preservation including a children become a communi Asso Housing nearby Squares Preservation designated a Garde English Interest by Site of Nature Cons the London Ecol by Public Open Space Squares Preservation partforming a two St junction of Pond Constantine Road a Wooded, triangular at the junction of South End Road, Wi East Heath Road. ‘island Small grassed and H South Grove railings bounded by B1.6 This new Public Op YES YES 1121YES L11 Public Open Space YES South Grove South Grove South End Green Triangle South End Gardens Gardens Rosemont Community Garden Russell Square Square Rochester Terrace Rochester Terrace 98 96 97 94 95 93 SiteNo. Name Urban London GSHI Square Forest MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Woodland Allotment Local Description Reserve
122 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan walkway. site This Pre London Squares Grassed Public Ope Road featu Finchley playground. Public Open Space featuring small and pitches and a child Public Open Space Squares Preservatio Refurbished in 199 landscaped, local Pu a for walking dogs also includes a soft area. play Small green Public end of Spaniards R Public Open Space seating surrounding and All Saints’ Chur Green Public Open Road which include playground. YES Public Open Public Space Open Space Playground The Alf Barrett Talacre Public Public Talacre Square Tavistock Swiss Cottage St Benet’s St Benet’s Road Sumatra Spaniards End Spaniards Ground (b) Ground Playground 105 103 104 102 100 101 99
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 123 borough Site of Na Importance the by Concrete Public Op four stands of you grassed areas Two and lying directly Reservoir, this site Squares Preservatio Combination Public games pitch, childr square bord paved Green Public Open Hampstead Road a Street. designated a Gard English Interest by borough Site of Na Importance the by Unit, and as Metro B1.6 Green Public Open 1845 MOL4 B1.3 P Partially wooded YES Westbere Copse Westbere Waterlow Park Waterlow Tolmers Square Tolmers The Grove The Grove Square The Warren The Dell 111 110 109 107 108 106 SiteNo. Name Urban London GSHI Square Forest MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Woodland Allotment Local Description Reserve
124 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan Paved Public Open Paved Street Station conta and several mature Public Open Space comprising games p playground. Three green Public and comprising lawn Windmill Hill in on Public Open Space Squares Preservation the Unive by owned April to Septe Open to Frid 3pm Monday YES Open Space Enclosures Woburn Square Woburn Windmill Hill Whitfield Gardens Street Wicklow 115 114 112 113
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 125 tower blocks. tower Green Private Ope South Hampstead. Green open space a borough Site of Importance the by and subject to Urb arrangement borough Site of Na Importance the by Publ Antrim Grove which is also Metr including ponds an Caen Wood Towers YES Allotments site to YES resid also used by B1.5 Private O Wooded MOL1 M72 accessible Publicly YES B1.5 Private O Wooded Allotments Athlone House Private Nature Nature Private Adelaide Road Antrim Road Adelaide Road Open Space Adelaide Community Garden Reserve Reserve Nature Abbey Road Abbey 121 119 120 118 117 116 PRIVATE OPEN SPACES (Sites 116 to 289) (Sites OPEN SPACES PRIVATE SiteNo. Name Urban London GSHI Square Forest MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Woodland Allotment Local Description Reserve
126 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan situated between A situated between Redhill Street and residential develop b) private open sp Rectangular, green Space in the Belsiz Open Land, co this clearly visible from Primrose Hill Open Open space betwee and Warden Road plantings by Forest Partially wooded, g Space to the rear 1775 and 1780, li Squares Preservatio designated a Gard English Interest by is also Metropolita YES a) allotments. The MOL1 Private Open Space MOL5 Designated as Metr YES YES 1154 Private Open Space Beechwood Bedford Hotel Bedford Square Bedford Gardens Open Space Beckington Open Space Grounds Barnfield & Woodfield Hill Reservoir Barrow Augustus and Augustus and Redhill Allotments 128 126 127 125 123 124 122
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 127 Green, Open Private Tennis Globe Lawn designated a boroug Conservation Import Small Private Open British Home Stores Hampstead Road co gar well-maintained shrubbery. Space designated a Nature Conservation the London Ecology designated a boroug Conservation Import Uni London Ecology designated a boroug Conservation Import Unit.Ecology The B2.1 Priv wooded Heavily B1.2B1.2 (proposed) Wooded B2.2 Pr Partially wooded Pr Partially wooded Broadhurst Broadhurst Branch Hill Play Area Play Reserve Nature Branch Hill site 2 SNI SNI (only) Meadow Gardens Belsize Wood Wood Belsize BHS Garden Belsize Wood Wood Belsize 134 133 132 130 131 SiteNo. Name129 Urban London GSHI Square Forest MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Woodland Allotment Local Description Reserve
128 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan to the general publ to the general the gar enclosed by properties. Private Open Space private garden of d Witanhurst Lane. T feature of ponds an Open Space which f Square Gardens and London Squares des to that site, but ha access. Site include playgroun adventure Hard-surfaced Privat corner of Camden S Street. created in 1984 on designated a Local It contains a mosai has also been desig Site of Nature Cons the London Ecol by Green Private Open the gardens of the residences. M95 YES accessible P Publicly YES Canfield Greencroft Canfield Greencroft Camley St Camley Gardens Centre Play Camden Street Playground Park Natural Open Space Open Space Camden Square Camden Square Bromwich House Bromwich 139 138 137 136 135
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 129 Publicly accessible consisting of a gam Carlton Primary Sc grassed plot. Private Open Space Squares Preservatio tenn including two Cigar-shaped Privat trees and shrubs l Squares Preservatio Private Open Space areas and adventu to Kilburn Grange Road. Private Open Space Park,Regen’t form to residential prop Hardcore games pi public access, locat Court Candida and Way. YES YES Clarence Way Way Clarence Chester Terrace Chalcot Gardens Chaston Nursery Court Cartwright Gardens School Grounds Games Pitch Carlton Playing Carlton Playing 145 144 142 143 141 140 SiteNo. Name Urban London GSHI Square Forest MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Woodland Allotment Local Description Reserve
130 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan lying adjacent to St Designated a local Conservation Import Unit. Ecology Publicly accessible g Publicly accessible the Space alongside Lane.College Small Private Open Swiss Cottage Privat consisting of a colo playground children’s the Community Cent Green Private Open to the general publ the gar enclosed by surrounding residenc of Special Historic I Uni London Ecology an acces by covered for children only. Publicly accessible p playground, adjacent Redhill Allotments, f olds.of 3-11 year L9 Private Open Space 1119 Private Open Space Cumberland Market Cumberland Market Coram’s Fields Coram’s Compayne Open Compayne Open Space Community Centre Playground, Swiss Cottage Space Playground College Lane College Collingham Nursery 151 150 149 148 146 147
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 131 Private Open Space Park,Regent’s formi to residential prope Completely enclosed comprising gardens both for use only b Court.Dudley Pr Partially wooded Walk Well between Green Private Open the gardens of s by but accessible throu either end. Publicly accessible g Space adjacent to F Open Space. designated as a Ga English Interest by Open Land, and as Nature Conservation Uni London Ecology 1845 MOL4 B1.3 Private Open Space Falkland Lawn Falkland Fairseat East Heath East Heath Open Fairhazel Dudley CourtDudley Gardens Open Space Space Cumberland Terrace 157 156 154 155 153 152 SiteNo. Name Urban London GSHI Square Forest MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Woodland Allotment Local Description Reserve
132 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan a borough Site of Importance the by Unit. Ecology Large, partially wo Space to the East Large, green Privat adjacent to the Ea Hampstead Heath green, court tennis Metropolitan Open edge of Hampstead Private Open Space Squares Preservatio gardens are genera but closed on occa blooms from dama original surroundin been pedestrianised Private Open Space Green. Fortune B2.3 Private Op Wooded MOL1 YES allotmen Triangular YES Fortune Green Fortune Green Court Wood Frognal Fitzroy Square Fitzroy Fitzroy Park Park Fitzroy Allotments Fitzroy Farm & Farm Fitzroy Open Space Fitzroy Heathfield Park Heathfield Centre Play 162 163 161 160 158 159
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 133 designated a local Conservation Impo Unit. Ecology Publi arrangement with Wooded Private O Wooded of Hampstead West London Squares Pr Private O Wooded adjacent to cemete Private Open Space garden of a prope Publicly accessible F situated between House Leslie Foster Gardens. Metropolitan Open garden o the large Hampstead Hea by L7 triangular Wooded MOL1 Green Private Ope YES Garden of Garden House Heath Garden of Garden Gardens of Garden Street 21A Heath of 36A Garden Hill West Highgate House Friends Gainsborough Gainsborough Frognal Lane Gardens Lane Frognal 169 168 166 167 165 164 SiteNo. Name Urban London GSHI Square Forest MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Woodland Allotment Local Description Reserve
134 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan Metropolitan Open L Metropolitan Open garden of the large to the western edge Site, of Spe gardens including the Garde Byron Villas, Athenae and Upfleet, Silverda Faircroft, Co Beechey Private Open Space Metropolitan Open L the gardens of prop p of Health Vale the important visual con from the Heath and that and t between Private Open Space private gardens with Primrose Hill Open Private Open Space edge of Hampstead the gardens of prop Place. Pr Partially wooded behind the properti Green Private Open S Tube Belsize Park MOL1 Private Open Space MOL1 (Full address: part o Globe Lawn Globe Lawn Gardens of Gardens (see description for further details) of 28 and Gardens 30 Avenue Road of Gardens Millfield Place The Grove Club Tennis Summit Lodge Hampstead Ponds Garden of Garden adj.Gardens to 175 174 172 173 170 171
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 135 Private Open Space Park,Regent’s form to residential prop Private O Wooded of the gardens by residences and adj Open Spa Fairhazel Small, green Public to Gondar Gardens Green Private Ope Hampstead Cemete community tree nu production scheme Planning permissio p as temp ecology and field studies c in the Kings Cross listed in the Londo Act 1931, and also of Nature Conserva Un London Ecology L14 Private Open Temp YES L13 Publicly accessible Gordon Square Square Gordon Goods Way Goods Way Garden Open Space Gondar Gardens Gondar Gardens Reservoir Open Space Goldhurst Gloucester Gate 181 180 178 179 177 176 SiteNo. Name Urban London GSHI Square Forest MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Woodland Allotment Local Description Reserve
136 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan Site of Nature Cons Site of Nature the London Ecology designated a boroug Conservation Import Unit. Ecology a borough Site of N Importance the by a borough Site of N Importance the by a borough Site of N Importance the by borough Site of Nat Importance the by borough Site of Nat Importance the by B1.4 Open Green Private B1.4B1.4 Private Open Space B1.4 Pr Partially wooded B1.4 Ope Private Wooded B1.4 Ope Private Wooded B1.4 Ope Private Wooded Green Private Open Gantry SNI Gospel Oak Gospel Oak Gospel Oak Gospel Oak Carlton SNI SNI Woodyard Gospel Oak SNI Cressfield SNI Station SNI Ingestre SNI Churchill Gospel Oak Gospel Oak Gospel Oak 188 187 185 186 184 182 183
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 137 borough Site of Na Importance the by S Gospel Oak Tube plant Urban Forest P Partially wooded belonging to the U situated close to E listed in the Londo Act 1931 and also of Special Historic Heritage. The gar Century origins. listed in the Londo Act 1931 and desi Special Historic Int the surrounding re Open Space. YES area enclo Wooded B1.4 Green Private Ope YES B1.4 Small Private Open YES 1299YES 1299 Publicly accessible Publicly accessible Green Triangle Green Maryon Wilson Wilson Maryon Gray’s Inn Square Gray’s Gray’s Inn Gardens Gray’s Depot SNI Gospel Oak Wood Station Gardens, Gower College University London Gospel Oak 194 193 192 190 191 SiteNo. Name189 Urban London GSHI Square Forest MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Woodland Allotment Local Description Reserve
138 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan a borough Site of C the London Ecol by churchyard in two p in two churchyard borough Site of Nat Importance the by Small, green Private junction of Hampste Cannon Place. breeding birds, desig Nature Conservation Uni London Ecology London Wildlife Trus Large, green Private of Hampstead Cricke Club. Tennis Corporation of Lond Metropolitan Open L adjacent to Hampste neighbouring sch by B2.4 Pr Partially wooded L2 Private Open Space, B1.1 Large, green Private MOL1 Private Open Space Gardens Churchyard Hampstead Square Hampstead Parish Hampstead Parish Hampstead Heath Hampstead Heath Field Cricket Hampstead & Hampstead Cemetery Greville Place Greville Reserve Nature Cumberland Clubs 200 199 198 196 197 195
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 139 Private Open Space set up by meadow A Action Camden in Hi the managed by Private Open Space of properties adjace of Hampstead Heath a Garden of Specia English Heritage, as Nature Conservation Uni London Ecology Open Land. Entry a Garden of Specia Heritage, metropo a Conservation Import Unit and also as M fee and guided by Private Open Space and adjoining grass and Highgate Grove Publicly accessible g associated with the 1803 MOL31803 MOL2 M88 M88 Priv wooded Heavily Priv wooded Heavily (East) (West) Reservoir Highgate Hillfield Court Highgate CemeteryHighgate Wildflower Meadow Wildflower Parliament Hill CemeteryHighgate Gardens Heath-Edge Gardens, Heath-Edge Harrison Street Harrison Street 205 206 204 203 202 201 SiteNo. Name Urban London GSHI Square Forest MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Woodland Allotment Local Description Reserve
140 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan designated a local S Conservation Import Unit. Ecology Wooded Private Ope Private Wooded new housing develo Holly Court School, 1-7 (consecutive) Ha Green Private Open properties on Highg Garden and pergola accessible. The latt views of the surrou site is designated a Historic Interest by and as Metropolitan Overgrown, green Pr inaccessible to the is completely enclos borough Site of Nat Importance. Private Open Large gardens of propertie End Road and Dow L1 Pr Partially wooded B1.6 Green Private Open 1153 MOL1 Private Open Space, Jenny Wood Wood Jenny Downshire and Keats School Grounds Medley Iverson Orchard Reserve Nature Gardens Inverforth House/ Inverforth Holly Lodge Gardens The Hill Holly Court Holly Gardens 212 213 211 210 209 207 208
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 141 Hampstead Heath machinery and equ maintenance of th ‘Eco-Fi includes an Mainly green Priva tennis courts, near Private Open Large Inn Fields Lincoln’s and partially wood the by enjoyment Private Open Space Squares Preservatio consisting of a ten shr three sides by local Site of Natur Importance the by and subject to Urb arrangement.by A public is possible the nature of the M72 Private Open Space YES L6 Green Private Ope YES School Grounds Lissenden Gardens Lincoln’s Inn Lincoln’s La Sainte Union Kenwood Nursery Kenwood Kentish Town Town Kentish City Farm 218 217 216 215 214 SiteNo. Name Urban London GSHI Square Forest MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Woodland Allotment Local Description Reserve
142 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan University of London below Space situated consisting of grassed mature trees. The April to September, 11am to 3pm. comprising the gard as Manor Cottage in The site is designat Open Land and ma to the views from t that and t between Private Open Space comprising bowling tennis courts. Squares Preservation a Garden of Special Uni London Ecology and tennis court an resident key-holding designated a boroug Conservation Import Unit. Ecology Private Open Space residences of Bedfor B1.6 Pr Partially wooded MOL1 Green Private Open YES 1119 Private Open Space Montague Bedford Montague Bedford Square Gardens Square Midland Crescent and Fleet House, of Health Vale Grounds Mecklenburgh Embankment SNI Gardens Mansfield Club Manor Cottage garden, Greenmoor Malet Street Gardens Malet Street 224 223 222 221 220 219
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 143 144
London Borough of Camden Unitary DevelopmentLondon Borough of Camden Unitary Plan Site Name London Urban GSHI MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Allotment Local Description No. Square Forest Woodland Reserve
225 Montpelier Play Green Private Ope Centre Montpelier Gardens
226 Mortimer Terrace B1.4 Wooded Private O Nature Reserve a borough Site of Importance by the
227 New Square, YES Publicly accessible Lincoln’s Inn listed in the Londo Act 1931, and form of open spaces in
228 North Fairground MOL1 Private Open Space Site, Vale of Health Heath and designa Open Land.
229 Old Buildings, YES Private Open Space Lincoln’s Inn Squares Preservatio
230 Old Square, YES Publicly accessible Lincoln’s Inn listed in the Londo Act 1931.
231 Oriel Place Garden Roughly triangular Space in the centr Grassed Private Op Grassed Private railings, opposite Ki Private Op Wooded of Fleet Road and borough Site of Na Importance and acc residents of Parliam p Private adventure Chalton Street Open “Plot 10” charity fo only. Private Open Space listed in the Londo Act 1931. This des however, the cover the South. Private Open Space Church of St Mary’s School grounds. Site of Nature Cons the London Ecology em railway wooded NorthLine. London B1.6 Space Private Open B1.4 Green Private Open YES Open Space Playground Open Space Embankment, Railway Road Medley Quex Road Quex Queen Square Garden Queen Square Parliament Court Adventure Plot 10 Palmerston Road Road Palmerston Chapel Parkhill Gardens 238 237 236 234 235 232 233
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 145 146
London Borough of Camden Unitary DevelopmentLondon Borough of Camden Unitary Plan Site Name London Urban GSHI MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Allotment Local Description No. Square Forest Woodland Reserve
239 Railway Embankment, YES Green open space s Agar Grove plantings by arrang
240 Railway Embankment, B1.6 Wooded Private Op Broomsleigh Street borough Site of Na Importance by the
241 Railway Embankment, B1.4 Partially wooded Pr Carlton Road Junction adjacent to Kentish designated a borou Conservation Import Ecology Unit.
242 Railway Embankment, B1.6 Wooded Private Op Fordwych Road a borough Site of Importance.
243 Railway Embankment, YES B1.4 Strip of embankmen Kentish Town Junction Site of Nature Cons the London Ecology Urban Forest planti
244 Railway Embankment, YES B1.6 Substantial tract of Netherwood Street Private Open Space Site of Nature Cons the London Ecology Site of Nature Cons Site of Nature the London Ecology Village at G on Oak Site of Nature Cons the London Ecology of the site is, subje agreement, legal to Nature Reserve with Hampstead designat of Nature Conservat lines runnin railway Hampstead Heath. a borough Site of N Importance the by Unit, and parts of i allotments. Private Open Space Squares Preservation Private Ope Wooded Private Open Space Squares Preservation B1.4 YESB1.6 allotment s Wooded B1.6 Private Open Space B1.4 YES Green Private Open Large, green open s YES YES Ridgemount Gardens Rochester Square Regents Park Terrace Park Regents Railway Embankment, Railway Embankments, Railway Oak Village Rosemont Road Road Westbere Hampstead Heath Railway Embankment, Railway Embankment, Railway 250 251 249 247 248 245 246
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 147 148
London Borough of Camden Unitary DevelopmentLondon Borough of Camden Unitary Plan Site Name London Urban GSHI MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Allotment Local Description No. Square Forest Woodland Reserve
252 Sarre Minster Private Open Space Open Space by the gardens of p Road, Minster Road
253 School Playing Field, MOL1 Private Open Space Highgate school playing field Hampstead Heath. Heath’s Metropolitan
254 SNI Between Tracks B1.6 Green Private Open west of WE Lane borough Site of Nat Importance by the
255 SNI r/o B1.6 Wooded Private Ope Fordwych Road a borough Site of N Importance by the
256 SNI r/o Iverson B1.6 Wooded Private Ope Road (N East) a borough Site of N Importance by the
257 SNI r/o Iverson Road B1.6 Wooded Private Ope (S west) a borough Site of N Importance by the
258 SNI r/o Westcroft B1.6 Green Private Open Close a borough Site of N Importance by the formerly a cemetery Site of Nature Cons the London Ecol by borough Site of Nat borough Site of Importance the by Private lawned area Private lawned House South Grove area listed in the L Preservation Act 19 a Garden of Special English Heritage. by Space on residential games pitch a Large Cottage Public Open Sports Ca by Centre Green Private Open All Sa St Benet and Lupton Street. The be opened to the p B1.2L8 gre Well-maintained Publicly accessible P B1.6 Green Private Open YES 1299 A Private Open Spa St Benet’s Ground (a) Ground St Benet’s Gardens Games Pitch Gardens St Andrew’s Spedan Close Sports Centre South Square SNI west of WE Lane of WE SNI west Gardens South Grove 265 264 262 263 261 259 260
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 149 150
London Borough of Camden Unitary DevelopmentLondon Borough of Camden Unitary Plan Site Name London Urban GSHI MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Allotment Local Description No. Square Forest Woodland Reserve
266 St George’s Gardens 1827 L9 Publicly accessible P designated a Garden Interest by English history as an early ground. The site w a local Site of Natu Importance by the
267 St George’s Nursery Small, narrow privat St George’s Gardens
268 St Georges Terrace YES Narrow, green Priva Primrose Hill Road London Squares Pre
269 St James’ Garden L10 Publicly accessible P designated a local S Conservation Import Ecology Unit and fe pitch and children’s
270 St Katherine’s Publicly accessible P Precinct forming the front g Danish Church, and stone inscribed with Publicly accessible P Publicly accessible g on site of former p surfaced children’s site is bounded by t by and networked public garden now Open Space, als and Special Historic Inte Heritage due to its medieval churchyard Private Open Space Chapel and St Paul’s The original church was bomb damaged and was War World the 1950s. The sit nursery a children’s Publicly accessible P consisting of church playground. Publicly accessible p Space, Swiss to next Space, where The Sq market hold regular 1832 Publicly accessible l Swiss Cottage Private St. Giles’ Churchyard St Paul’s Chapel St Paul’s St Pancras Gardens St Pancras and Playground Open Space St Martin’s Garden St Martin’s 275 274 273 272 271
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 151 152
London Borough of Camden Unitary DevelopmentLondon Borough of Camden Unitary Plan Site Name London Urban GSHI MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Allotment Local Description No. Square Forest Woodland Reserve
276 Talacre Private Private Open Space Open Space Talacre Action Grou within the grounds Open Space.
277 Terrace Reservoir MOL1 Private Open Space Metropolitan Open to the West of Ha
278 The British Library Largely paved Priv Forecourt consisting of raised large statue of Isa disabled access to gate and the site daylight hours.
279 The Elms, MOL1 Partially wooded P Fitzroy Park including Elm Cott This site is also de Open Land.
280 The Elms, MOL1 Large, green Privat Spaniards End to Hampstead Hea Metropolitan Open Large Private Open Large providing playground services including a for under-fives, after girls group. sit The i scheme for a play Avenue on Torriano plantings by Forest Publicly accessible P the by Space owned London. It features mature trees wit by area to the North a to the South. Private Open Space Private Open Space London Squares Pre by Previously owned under the c is now made up of surroun each purchased sha Private Open Space London (Ham College situated either side reservoir. YES Publicly accessible g YES West Heath Lawn Lawn Heath West Wadham Gardens Wadham Tower Court Gardens Tower Community Play Play Community Project Open Space Torriano Square Torrington Club Tennis Three Acres Acres Three 286 285 284 282 283 281
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 153 154
London Borough of Camden Unitary DevelopmentLondon Borough of Camden Unitary Plan Site Name London Urban GSHI MOL Ancient SSSI SNI Allotment Local Description No. Square Forest Woodland Reserve
287 Westfield Large former colleg redeveloped for ho Open Space as com
288 Whittington Adventure Private adventure Playground adjacent to Swiss Open Space.
289 Witanhurst Gardens Private Open Space large private garde 41 Highgate West tennis courts and 4 ENVIRONMENT 155 Figure EN1:Figure Areas Space Catchment Open Public Key: Individual open space Small Local Parks catchment Local Parks catchment District Parks catchment Parks catchment Metropolitan boundaryBorough London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5 TRANSPORT 157 TR19 Road safetyTR19 Road 184 TR9 transport Community restraint TR10 Traffic TR11TR12parking parking controls On-street TR13 off-street parking Private non-residential 175 TR14 Public parking Re-use of existing car parksTR15 Contract TR16 176 housing developments Car-free TR17 Residential parking standardsTR18 178 179 conversions Parking at residential 180 180 182 181 182 182 TR5TR6 Public transportTR7 Light railTR8 and minicabs Taxis Coaches 168 173 172 174 TR1TR2 Public transport accessible developmentTR3 Unsustainable developmentTR4 Impact Statements Transport impact of proposals Cumulative 164 166 166 167 8 Road safety 5 transport Community 6 restraint Traffic 7controls Parking 4 transport Public 1 1 policies Part 2 Introduction3 Transport and land use 159 161 2 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5 Transport 5 TRANSPORT 9 Traffic management TR20 Traffic management 186
10 Pedestrians TR21 Pedestrians 190
11 Cycling TR22 Cycling 192
12 Movement of goods TR23 Movement of goods: facilities and amenity 194 TR24 Movement of goods in residential areas 194 TR25 Movement of goods on waterways 194
13 Air transport TR26 Air transport 197
Appendices Appendix TR1 Public transport accessibility indices 198 Appendix TR2 Transport Impact Statements 199 Appendix TR3 Congested Underground stations 204 Appendix TR4 Heavily parked streets 205 Appendix TR5 Description of highways 208 Appendix TR6 Classified roads in Camden 210 Appendix TR7 GLA roads 211
Maps Map TR1 Heavily parked streets 212 Map TR2 Road hierarchy in Camden 213 Map TR3 Existing and proposed cycle routes 214
158 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 159 reduce the need to travel, the reduce with the aim of encouraging the use of public transport, to the private car. and cycling as alternatives walking quality of the environment. provided. transport system. development. economic and community sustain appropriate equitably. repeated and justified here as a framework for Partfor 2 (local) policies: as a framework here and justified repeated STR1 development, the location of new In controlling the Council will seek to STR2 impact of transport on the the adverse will seek to reduce The Council STR3 an efficient transport will seek to ensure system is The Council STR4 and security of the will seek to enhance the safety The Council STR5 that the transport The Council will seek to ensure system helps to STR6 that the transport The Council will seek to ensure system operates tackling such issues as air and noise pollution, danger, physical visual intrusion, comfort and convenience, severance, intimidation, townscape quality and ecology. of is the effect One of the most persistent problems health.The transport transport on air quality and therefore road Council’s Cities Project. designed to assist the Healthy policies are Because of the of traffic on the quality of the environment, impacts adverse increasing Interim annual Council’s will be set in the targets which can be measured Plan with the setting up Plan (to become Local Implementation Transport and works in the Borough by promoting the strategic transport the strategic policies promoting by in the Borough and works above.given partly better transport by accessibility is achieved Improved to facilities relative the location of appropriate and partly through provision transport provision. locational policies will accessibility through Improving policies will be directed the need to travel.Thealso reduce Council’s all: accessibility for maximising towards the needs of transport disadvantaged groups, such as women, people, elderly children, people on people with disabilities, incomes and low particular attention. will receive 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.1 been identified in Part I and are policies have strategic The following 5 Transport 5 1 1 policies Part 5.3 transport requires people through quality for environmental improve To 5.2 who lives everybody the conditions for to improve The Council will seek 5 TRANSPORT of the Greater London Authority). It includes the most effective and efficient use of land and road space, minimising both the use of energy resources and the production of air and noise pollution. Relating transport and land-use is a vital element in creating a more efficient transport system and minimising the need to travel.
5.4 The Council’s policies embrace the safety and security of all people living, working and passing through the Borough.The safety and security of vulnerable groups, such as women, young and elderly people, is of particular concern to the Council.
5.5 Transport improvements should aim positively to support both economic and community development in the areas they serve. In so doing, any negative effects (for example, in terms of the environment) that do occur must be minimised or overcome. Equity in transport provision requires designing schemes and operating the system fairly to avoid undue discrimination against groups of people and to overcome transport disadvantage.
160 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 161 sets the national framework for all aspects of transport for and its policy sets the national framework come integration with land use, issues have and safety.Two environment years: in recent to the fore more and safety. environment car use in the country in unrestrained in general and in urban areas to atmospheric pollution and use of cars adds particular.The unrestrained effects,possible greenhouse dependence on oil- society’s and increases based fuels.There of the associated problems public recognition now is alternatives, to limit car use and promote pressure leading to increased such as public transport, walking and cycling.The of road contribution and on the environment and their main effects transport to pollution levels TR1. Table in of individuals is shown on the health and well-being in one almost always have an impact upon the other. an have in one almost always that change Decisions land on surrounding into account the effect the transport take system must people account of access for needs to take uses and land use development and goods.The Council, its transport in formulating and land-use policies, is mindful of this interaction. National context 2 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.8 disbenefits of of the major environmental awareness is a growing There 5.7White Paper, The 1998 Transport: Everyone, Better for Deal for A New 25.6 Introduction and changes interdependent and land-use planning are provision Transport 5 TRANSPORT Table TR1:Atmospheric emissions from road transport
Pollutant Change in Road transport’s Effects transport contribution to emissions total emissions 1 2 1970-1996 in London
Carbon monoxide -28% 97% Deprives body of oxygen, and is (CO) lethal at high doses.At low doses can impair concentration.
Nitrogen oxides +26% 75% Ground level ozone and acid rain. (NOx) Increases susceptibility to asthma, viral infections and irritate lungs.
Volatile organic 0% 53% Reacts with NOx to form ground compounds (VOC) level ozone. Some, for example, benzine, are cancer causing agents.
Black smoke +99% Associated with wide range of respiratory symptoms. Particulates (PM10) +13% 77% Particulates can carry carcinogenic materials into the lungs. It gives poor air quality.
Sulphur dioxide -16% 23% Acid rain. May provoke wheezing
(SO2) and exacerbate asthma.
Carbon Dioxide +92% 29% The main greenhouse gas leading
(CO2) to global warming.
1 Sources: Digest of Environmental Statistics, No. 20. DETR, 1998 2 London Atmospheric Emissions Inventory, London Research Centre, 1997
5.9 The Council has developed policies, supported by government policy guidance, that seek to reduce the need to travel, particularly by car. Thus, one of the Council’s main strategies to minimise travel demand by car is to guide the location of development to areas well served by public transport.
5.10 The government also recognises the dangers of the road environment and has set a target of reducing the number of people killed or seriously injured in road accidents by 40% by 2010 (50% for children).The location, access and design of new development and associated on-street measures can make a significant contribution to avoiding or reducing traffic conflicts that lead to accidents.
162 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 163 with good public transportwith good accessibility; and speed; movement in Camden experience the problems associated with increasing vehicle use. vehicle associated with increasing in Camden experience the problems air pollution, by use has degraded the environment This increasing noise, visual intrusion. and severance and safety of road problems It also creates to buses,delays and the emergency services. essential vehicles a year, of 7 fatalities an average pedestrians.There of which 5 are are each year, 1,600 casualties on Camden roads around imposing large costs individuals.Therefore, to many as causing distress as well on the community Plan to reduce it is a major aim of the Council as set out in its Road Safety of accidents, and severity the number its statutory through duty to prepare engineering measures of educational and and carry programme out a safety. road designed to promote of public transport, the promotion through traffic and of road restraint consistent with the are damage and danger.They minimising environmental and seek to: Cities Project Healthy aims and principles of Camden’s • of trips in areas that attracts a significant number locate development • parking controls, limit the use of cars by on access, restrictions through • support traffic restraint; London-wide policies for 1996, general guidance on transport aspects of planning. gives will be RPG3 and Spatial Development the Mayor’s course by superseded in due Strategies. Transport in the Central less than 0.25% by in inner London and 0.375% per annum Area.estimated, than previously lower is much Although growth if this movement, efficient for comes about the implications and the environment severe. are safety In inner London and parts of outer London, the potential and of road outstrips the supply in private vehicles movement demand for parking space. building in inner London has been ruled out road Extensive congestion. of the problem because that cannot solve highway New to the social, adds traffic and therefore more attracts only capacity and economic disbenefits.environmental identified as are Parking controls being influential in combating congestion, particularly car that caused by commuting. Camden context Regional / strategic context / strategic Regional London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.14 in a major cause of injury and result Road accidents are within the Borough 5.15 accessibility strategy of improving policies support the Council’s Transport 5.13of a large urban area, Being at the centre people living, or visiting working 5.12 up to 2010 by could grow Existing estimates suggest that motor traffic 5.11Authorities, London Planning RPG3 Strategic Guidance for issued in May 5 TRANSPORT • provide bus priorities and advocate the improvement in rail services which can then act as alternatives to the use of the car; and • provide segregated cycle facilities, pedestrian priority and crossing facilities.
3 Transport and land use
Public transport accessible development
TR1 The Council will seek to ensure that development which attracts a significant net increase in the number of trips is located in areas of the Borough with a high level of public transport accessibility.The Council will not normally grant planning permission for such development unless it is satisfied that the public transport system in the vicinity of the site has, or will have, sufficient capacity to accommodate the net increase in passenger trips at an acceptable level of service.
5.16 A major theme of the strategy is interrelating public transport accessibility and the location of development, which is supported by PPG12: Development Plans and PPG13:Transport. This recognises the need to locate development which attracts trips (such as offices, shops, hotels and leisure facilities), in areas of the Borough with a high level of public transport accessibility, which not only maximises access to jobs and services, but also minimises the need to use private transport.The Council has developed public transport accessibility indices, based on access times to bus and rail services and service frequencies, to illustrate the relative accessibility of different parts of Camden (see Appendix TR1).
5.17 These indices are translated into a development control tool by focusing on locations within the catchment areas of a major node on the public transport network.The areas considered to have a high level of public transport accessibility are:
a King’s Cross Opportunity Area
b The Central London Area
c Major centres: Camden Town Kilburn High Road Swiss Cottage/Finchley Road
d District Centres: Kentish Town West Hampstead.
164 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 165 TR24. located in one of the are they of trips will be whether significant number listed above. areas appropriate If this test is satisfied, further tests of the other planning, account of will take planning application and environmental transport in assessing the impact.An matters important transport to cope with extra trips and of the system capacity consideration is the be exceeded, of the system will whether the capacity or its quality of service affected. will be adversely listed in paragraph the areas Outside 5.17,to cope with to be able public transport services unlikely are in services. in trips without improvements significant increases located near to congested public transport facilities, the Council shall on their of the effect operator(s) about their views consult the relevant services.The the by account of committed improvements will take Council operators to facilities and services. warrants If the scale of the development further work, analytical at an the congestion effects such as studying station,underground to further on to agree work have may the developer TR3. under policy as proposed the impact of the development on the public transport system.impact of development Planning permission will not be granted unless the public transport system has sufficient through, in capacity an increase to have or is likely capacity example, for on the underground. works committed relief In certain cases, be may there a planning a financial contribution through to make the developer scope for Act 1990 (as and Country Planning Town obligation under section 106 of (see policy RE6). capacity amended) to increase will be development New travel.When the need for new on locations which reduce focussed demands, impose extra travel developments the Council will consider the contributions to help finance necessary securing scope for improvements and public transport facilities. to roads of congestion.These the problem address Line include Chelsea-Hackney (serving Court Road) and Crossrail Tottenham and Cross (serving King’s Court Road and Farringdon).Tottenham reduce Both these would congestion on existing lines and at the stations served. Other London time to time by from considered to stations are improvements Underground. when determining of proposals Account will be taken planning applications. to be is likely However, proposal a development to is unlikely which a transport improvement it requires opposed where happen. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.19 land uses which attract a for The initial test of planning applications 5.20 in trips are that will attract a significant net increase developments Where 5.21 it is necessary process to consider the control As partthe development of 5.22 Camden to through been proposed schemes have of railway A number 5.18 against policy will be assessed movements freight that generate Proposals 5 TRANSPORT Unsustainable development
TR2 The Council will oppose development which is demonstrably harmful to the objective of ensuring sustainable development.Accordingly, proposals will be resisted where public transport services and facilities for walking and cycling are not available or not to be provided and there would consequently be an over-dependence upon the use of private motor vehicles.The requirement for a Transport Impact Statement in policy TR3 will be used to inform the Council of the development’s impact.
5.23 In recent years there has been a marked trend towards centralising health, education and other public services to achieve economies of scale, to increase flexibility of operations and reduce direct transport costs.The effect has been to make users bear the costs of transport and to increase the need to travel. Individual organisations may obtain a benefit, by placing considerable external costs on, for example, the environment and transport services which cause delay and frustration, inconvenience and damage to health and well-being.The external costs are not taken into account when locational decisions are made with the overall effect on the community being adverse.
5.24 In terms of accessibility, the effects of land use change are most keenly felt by people who walk and cycle, by people who are transport disadvantaged generally and, in particular, those with mobility difficulties.The Council is committed to encouraging those methods of travel which do not reinforce inequities in the transport system and, as far as is possible, allow equal access to all sections of the community.
5.25 The Council will resist land-use changes that worsen accessibility, that increase overall travel distances to local facilities, or that disadvantage more efficient or environmentally-friendly modes such as public transport, walking and cycling.When assessing land use development proposals, the Council will take into account factors such as levels of car parking, access to the public transport system, contributions to improve public and community transport facilities and effects on the road network.
Transport Impact Statements
TR3 The Council will, where appropriate, require developers of schemes to provide a Transport Impact Statement or Assessment, in accordance with the guidelines set out in Appendix TR2.
5.26 The Council is aware of the serious transport and environmental problems affecting the Borough and therefore supports and pursues policies that tackle these problems within the framework of its overall objectives. Many problems, such as air pollution, traffic congestion and road safety have proved to be very persistent and, therefore, any land use change that
166 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 167 proposals on the transport system when assessing individual planning proposals applications. Cumulative impact of proposals Cumulative TR4 impact of development The Council will consider the cumulative adverse impact on the transportadverse system but, clearly, smaller several the same impact. can have developments It is necessary, therefore, to exacerbates these problems is considered highly undesirable.To fully assess fully undesirable.To highly is considered these problems exacerbates of land use changes,the effect from information requires the Council Appendix (see Impact Statement” “Transport of a in the form applicants and transport issues.The both environmental TR2) which addresses of the a full assessment in a position to make Council will then be transport implications. development’s for submitted guarantee that particular no carries proposals development will be acceptable on transportplanning permission grounds, either to the and the the Department or to of the Environment,Transport Borough Regions (DETR).A on the transport view detailed of individual implications is submitted, when the application be formed can only applications in the and public transport road on the relevant capacity light of available networks, expansion of that capacity. acceptable for proposals and any Strategy, dependence on private a major theme of which is to reduce with,vehicles time, at the same an emphasis on walking, cycling and public this change, help achieve modes.To transport as alternative the Council will their Plans for Travel Green to introduce applicants encourage strongly of persuading the basic aim Plans have proposals.development Travel Green to staff and visitors to use methods of transport other than private vehicles access the development, as far as practicable. of trips,number will be assisted and encouraged, applicants in partnership London, for Transport their and implement to develop with the Council and Plans.The the aim of the plan should be to reduce Travel Green own the development.This to and from will travelling of private vehicles number and visitors alike. to both employees be applied private to reduce Measures access to, will include improving use vehicle and promoting, public transport, cycling and walking. Fuel type, used in service size of vehicle Travel should also be included in the Green taken delivery and the routes Plan. section 106 planning obligation in the granting of planning permission for development. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.31 in isolation, Considered an seem to have may the largest proposals only 5.27 the location of new for areas The identification of the most appropriate 5.28 In addition,Transport an integrated Green the Council has developed 5.29 a significant to generate likely that are proposed are developments Where 5.30 as part Plan will be agreed of a Travel the Green appropriate Where 5 TRANSPORT assess individual applications in the context of other developments and proposals and consider their combined impact on the transport system. The Council will monitor the impact of developments on the locality to assist in the assessment of proposals.Where the transport impact of an individual development is not found to be significant by applying the criteria in Appendix TR2 for Transport Impact Statements, that will be taken into account in the assessment of cumulative impact.
4 Public transport
TR5 The Council will encourage development to locate where public transport capacity to serve it is adequate. Improved public transport provision, or contributions towards such improvements, may be sought within the terms of policy RE6(a). In support of its location policies, the Council will encourage improvements to the public transport system, such as: a measures to develop an integrated, safe, secure, affordable and fully accessible public transport system in London and the retention and further development of travel information facilities; b increasing the Borough’s network of public transport services and improving interchanges; c making public transport systems fully accessible for all including people with disabilities; d improving bus services and the passenger environment; e providing traffic management and signalling schemes that give priority to buses and reviewing existing schemes to seek improvements, working with adjoining Boroughs where necessary and, in assessing such schemes, giving weight to the efficiency of passenger movement; f implementing the strategic rail programme developed by LPAC and SERPLAN, and supported by the Council; g sufficient investment and financial support for the Underground system to enable early completion of congestion relief work; h constructing the Crossrail lines to a high standard; i consideration of a new station at Maiden Lane on the North London Line to serve existing residents, workers and businesses, and any re-development of the railway lands north of King’s Cross/St. Pancras; j Thameslink services to give better links with Camden generally and improving the interchange facilities between all stations at King’s Cross and to serve any re-development proposals of the railway lands; and k resisting the closure of railway stations and lines, and any reduction in level of service which the Council regards as unjustified, taking account of available financial resources and the development plans of individual operators.
168 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 169 London, in inner and central an important role performing distributive Borough’s road system. road Borough’s mode efficient transport Public a more is generally space) and is less (both in terms of energyof road consumption and use mile to the environment. damaging per passenger public can make of public transport and private car travel convenience transport less attractive. investment, as capital As well support can revenue fares, affordable of public transport at more the provision improve giving economic terms. in wider money for value good It benefits existing users people,and can attract more incomes, those on low including use the to system.London Concessionary Such support includes the Borough-funded Scheme,Travel valued service. and highly a well-established Maintaining and disabled people promotes a million or so elderly accessibility for independence and a fuller life, other health and social the call on reduces services use of less-efficient private or special transport and reduces services. support transport public for Overall of general flow helps ease the traffic,road congestion, thus reducing and the of accidents the likelihood and pollution. of noise level journeys, and to the majority of residents to work the journey including access to private transport (particularly so in the case of who do not have women, children, people). adults and elderly young of accessible Promotion and integrated public transport, links, of new including provision better interchange, higher frequencies, and coverage, better reliability is overall Council’s in the complementary of private vehicles to the restraint transport strategy. and other accommodate the needs of people with disabilities adequately transport disadvantaged people.The is committed to using its Council achieving towards and persuasion to accelerate progress powers people. all accessibility for and location, the Council will seek contributions towards, or a planning obligation to secure, modifications or improvements, as set out in policy RE6, transport to the public and community the for system to cater the development. in trips attracted by increase Guidance on the sought in in which planning obligations can be reasonably circumstances 16/91. in Circular connection with a grant of planning permission is given In transport, to public and community improvements where circumstances apply, described above and the conditions walking or cycling can be realised the Council will seek such contributions. Buses London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.37 of a vital contribution to the social and economic life Bus services make 5.33 cost and in perceived differences The pricing system and relative 5.34 of public transport services The provision many in Camden is essential for 5.35 has been made, Although some progress public transport does not 5.36 due to its nature, a development from the need arises directly Where scale 5.32 congestion on the use of private cars causes considerable Excessive 5 TRANSPORT London.The introduction of bus priority, in particular the London Bus Priority Network, is helping buses and taxis to overcome congested conditions.
5.38 Other improvements are needed to make bus services more attractive and accessible.These include better information at bus stops and elsewhere, waiting facilities including shelters with adequate seating and lighting, improved boarding arrangements, wider coverage of areas and times of day, adequate frequencies and crew operation on the busiest routes.Transport for London is extending on-line bus stop information (Countdown) to routes within Camden.The Council actively supports such initiatives and extension to other bus services. Buses are particularly important for the elderly (52% of all their vehicular journeys) and children (31%).To help meet the transport needs of, for example, people with disabilities, those escorting young children and frail elderly people, improvements are required in the design and operation of vehicles. Many lessons have been learnt from various London Transport (now Transport for London), Council, voluntary and government initiatives on wheelchair user accessible services, for example, Dial-a-Ride and Camden Plusbus.These need to be applied to meet the growing support in European Union countries for fully accessible public transport services.
5.39 Buses are an energy and space efficient form of motorised travel. On average, cars used by Camden residents carry 1.4 persons, whilst buses (of all sizes) in Camden carry 14.7 people. Buses into central London in the peak period carry, on average, 29 passengers compared to 1.3 per car. Thus, comparing the occupancy of cars and buses, one bus carries as many people as 10.5 cars (22 in the peak). However, a double-decker bus takes the road space of just three cars. With such occupancies, the energy consumption per passenger-kilometre is much less by bus than by car. Bus services can be flexible and cost-effectively expanded to reflect changing demand and should form part of any strategy to improve public transport as a whole.They can also offer some relief to the Underground system.
5.40 Bus reliability suffers from the effects of traffic congestion which can be alleviated by bus priority measures. A total of 6.7 km of bus lanes of the London Bus Priority Network were completed in Camden by 1999. The Council is working with other boroughs and Transport for London to extend the network and make bus priority effective, and the service an attractive alternative to car travel. Where it is necessary, associated local management measures should be designed and implemented with bus priority measures, to ensure traffic is not displaced onto unsuitable roads leading to adverse environmental effects on residents and other users.
Underground
5.41 The Underground network is essential to business, commerce and to many communities in the Borough and has traditionally provided a link between the suburbs, the City and the West End. The Underground offers strong
170 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 171 operated by modern sliding door stock that have benefited from benefited modern sliding door stock that have operated by Railways competition to the car,competition to work.The particularlythe journey for Council for government the by targets set the operating for to press continues scheduled mileage, reliability, and other lift and escalator performance met.Thecriteria to be fully of the Underground passenger environment with better lighting,also should be improved seating, and passenger safety of information,security and the display original architectural any respecting and the identity of lines. features cases, and inaccessible environment.The to a threatening Council continues to the street access from direct installed to provide lifts to be to advocate fire systems.The Cross on the underground platforms tragedy of the King’s operation of associated with the day-to-day of the problems exposed many the station, and the Council expects to see the recommendations and Cross at King’s Report out effectively contained in the Fennell carried elsewhere. TR3,Appendix works.The relief with the status of any together listed in of congested in the catchment area permit development Council will only is available. and investment works identified relief are stations if there and will be consulted when assessing the capacity London Underground at stations.status of works However, other congested stations in the at works. relief no programmed are there Borough will be Development can be relieved. if the congestion in these locations only allowed The planning obligations based on the number Council will seek funding through trips generated,of underground appropriate, where can be and if measures implemented. and service capacity on the stock to increase frequency and rolling Northern the Borough. Line which runs north-south through rolling New stock has been introduced, in the has led to an improvement which already service.The 35% will considerably by in train frequency increase proposed the finance is not present accessibility in that corridor.At improve forthcoming full implementation, for but the Council wishes to see this to be completed at the these works to allow forward brought investment earliest opportunity. the capital: rail lines through new of two Map) the Proposals a link between Street, and Liverpool Paddington as Crossrail, known and a line between Court Road. Tottenham and Cross servingChelsea and Hackney King’s and congestion on the Central Line (Crossrail) These lines will relieve Line). Lines (Chelsea/Hackney Victoria and Piccadilly London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.46 of local rail routes, served Camden is a network by mostly which are 5.42 led, stations has and refurbish to replace The lack of investment in many 5.43 of congestion and these are acute levels from of stations suffer A number 5.44 signalling, plans to renovate has developed London Underground stations 5.45 on (shown the route has safeguarded Transport The Secretary of State for 5 TRANSPORT investment in recent years.The North London Line is the principal orbital route, which runs across the Borough. A new station is advocated at Maiden Lane as part of the development of the Railway Lands.Thameslink provides an important service in linking London north and south of the River and services run between King’s Cross Thameslink, Kentish Town and West Hampstead. Local services are also provided between Euston and Watford via Kilburn.
5.47 Increasing the attractiveness of local rail services will help to reduce demand for greater road use, especially for the less dense orbital routes. Improving frequencies attracts passengers and improves accessibility across the Borough. For example, more frequent services on the North London and Gospel Oak to Barking lines should be provided. On the other hand, closure of lines and stations reduces the potential for shifting journeys from road to rail. Rail has the potential for being the most effective form of long distance travel for people with disabilities.The Council encourages developments which makes this form of travel more accessible.
5.48 The Channel Tunnel Rail Link will terminate at St. Pancras Station, for which safeguarding has been in place since February 1994. The Channel Tunnel Rail Link Act 1996 gave outline planning permission for the works with details submitted for approval by the Council through a special planning regime set up under the Act.
5.49 The rail link will provide for international services via the Channel Tunnel and domestic services to Kent. Powers are included within the Act to construct a new Thameslink Station beneath Midland Road and tunnels to connect Thameslink with existing services from Peterborough and Cambridge.The design for St Pancras includes new platforms for the Midland Main Line services.As part of the works, London Underground will construct a new ticket hall for the Underground station to the north of the existing concourse, with new subways leading to the tube line platforms which will improve passenger circulation. A new subway will also link the Metropolitan Line concourse to the new arrival concourse beneath St. Pancras. Construction of the CTRL Terminus will require highways to be permanently altered in the area (see section 9).
Light rail
TR6 The Council will consider the suitability of certain areas of the Borough for light rail systems and initiate feasibility studies, and encourage any worthwhile schemes.
5.50 Light rail systems can be operated on streets or segregated track, including tunnels and in the right circumstances can provide the best means of moving large numbers of people quickly through an urban area and assist in re-development of underused land in the Borough. Careful account needs to be taken of the impact of any scheme on the environment and residential amenity.
172 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 173 taxis make adequate provision for access, for adequate provision taxis make and alighting boarding of the public highway;without obstruction and people with disabilities. taxi for access by a of which attract large numbers developments all new that require b developments, new require appropriate, where account of to take Taxis and minicabs Taxis TR7 The Council will: of congestion and safety. problems taxis can create acceptable to It is not inadequate through streets onto the surrounding divert these problems developments. facilities in new when to travel. and decisions about where their own opportunity to make Since 1989, to be able to carry a licensed taxis in London have all newly of levels them with provide can potentially passenger in a wheelchair.Taxis people not denied access to public by accessibility equal to those enjoyed transport facilities. of accessibility particular concessionary that the levels means fares) curtailed their inability to pay by severely some people are experienced by the high cost of taxis. as public transport, Subsidising taxi travel within an strategy accessible transport people with for for especially overall of public transport using other forms from prevented disabilities who are of accessibility. inequalities in levels help redress can usefully Currently, the subsidised Scheme offering Taxicard Council contributes to the London people with disabilities. taxi for by travel minicabs.The operations is, the two distinction between in practice, to ‘minicabs’ enables them blurred.Thesomewhat use of radios within taxis, like operate much with passengers, in effect, telephone hailing them by office.As operator’s calling at the or by industry the private hire in London is unregulated, and security of passengers. the safety is concern for there The Council does recognise, however, an important that minicabs can offer service to the community, example, for transport safe schemes which offer to women, is otherwise poor public transport there coverage, and where Authority,such as at night.With London the setting up of the Greater the in will be vested vehicles licensing of all licensed taxis and private hire London. for Transport London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.52public transport to whom many is inaccessible, For the taxis offer 5.53 to public transport (and in fares relative The high cost of taxi travel 5.54 Within London, 19,000 licensed taxis and an estimated 35,000 are there 5.51 designed into developments, Unless properly of large numbers for provision 5 TRANSPORT Coaches
TR8 The Council will: a require all new development likely to attract significant coach traffic (for example, hotels) to make adequate provision for access, boarding and alighting without obstruction of the public highway; b seek to provide on-street facilities for the parking, picking-up and setting-down of passengers at appropriate locations at or adjacent to existing tourist attractions; and c resist any growth in ad hoc coach terminals, particularly those involving on-street standing.
5.56 Directly following relaxation of controls on the routing and stopping of coaches in 1980, there was a growth in coach activity. However, surveys undertaken between 1986 and 1989 indicate a decline in both commuter and scheduled express coach activity in Central London over the three- year period. General tour coach activity in London, in contrast, increased over the same period. The southern part of the Borough experiences a considerable amount of such tourist coach activity.
5.57 Coaches provide a convenient and relatively efficient method of transport for the growing number of tourists. Overseas visitors account for the main source of group travel by coach in London.Their demand for coach travel has been estimated at 1,860,000 coach visitor trips per year. Overseas visitors to London are forecast to increase from 9 million per annum at present to 15 million by 2001 (see chapter 11, para 11.9).
5.58 At present, coaches represent a small proportion of total traffic at most locations within central London and, when moving, do not usually constitute a major traffic impediment. However, safety and congestion problems can be created by coaches waiting or parking on the public highway, and can cause considerable visual intrusion and nuisance to residents.Traffic management and enforcement may discourage coach-related land uses, such as booking offices, from inappropriate locations.
5.59 A response to increased traffic congestion would be for commuter and scheduled express services to terminate outside Central London.The provision of any major new coach terminals has strategic significance for the capital as a whole.Therefore, there is a need for a wider strategy to be prepared to address the problems of coaches, taking into account relative locational advantages, and proximity to bus and rail facilities and the primary route network.
174 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 175 organisation and the basing of shared community vehicles at vehicles community basing of shared organisation and the the Borough; locations throughout adequate access;transport to ensure initiatives and vehicles, and the volume by warranted such facilities are where generated.Any of trips nature necessary provision, or contributions it,towards within the terms of policy RE6(a). be sought may demonstrated that conventional public transport initiatives are not public transport are initiatives conventional demonstrated that needs of transport-disadvantaged meeting the adequately groups. In particular, Council will: the a transport of a central community facilitate both the provision b in assessing development, community account of the need for take c transport community within the site for adequate provision ensure because of changes to the pattern of land uses.because of changes to the pattern of land of people and groups For mobility, restricted individuals who suffer of disadvantage is worse. the level neighbours friends and Opportunities social interaction between for trips to local facilities and to participate in activities is reduced, through if public transportespecially is not suitable and private transport is not available. all for provide future transport Public foreseeable will not in the needs of transport-disadvantagedjourney people. and solving their accessibility problems.travel It has the additional activities,together in shared advantage of enabling people to come thus people and participationa sense of local community many for developing otherwise isolated. within the voluntary sector.has to remain it By being within the community serves, transport to expressed community is best placed to respond example of a is an transport needs.Transport Camden Community accessibility in improving role a pivotal voluntary sector organisation playing transportfor disadvantaged people in the Borough. It was established, and to develop,continues municipal/voluntary partnership. through An example Plusbus service.of this partnership is the innovative transport, within community efficiency and safety example, for vehicle sharing schemes, utilisation and designed to maximise vehicle which are training schemes,driver of operations.The the safety further to improve Council will assist with service planning, co-operation with municipal operators, and held within the community of vehicles with the replacement transport links with other community agencies.develop It will promote fleets and passenger vehicle own use of the Council’s community greater transport and municipal community provision. closer co-operation between TR9 it is where transport community initiatives The Council will promote London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5 transport Community 5.61 to barriers to overcome of enabling people transport Community is a way 5.62 transport, will advise on and facilitate community The Council but control 5.63 will support The Council grant-aid) which ensure schemes (including by 5.60 time, Over further and services goods for had to travel individuals have 5 TRANSPORT 5.64 The Council will ensure adequate access to new land use developments including through the provision of community transport services. In developments that attract large numbers of people such as shopping centres or leisure complexes, it will be necessary to ensure that adequate access is provided within the site for community transport vehicles.
6 Traffic restraint
TR10 The Council will seek to reduce the volume of motor vehicles on Camden’s roads, especially at times and in areas which are most congested, by: a the use and extension of parking controls; b the use of traffic management; and c appropriate methods of direct London-wide restraint.
When assessing any such measures the Council will have due regard to: i the needs of elderly and disabled people; ii the character and needs of the local area; and iii the appropriate needs of residents and business in the affected areas.
5.65 As part of the Council’s balanced transport strategy, complementing policies that encourage the use and provision of public transport are policies for restraining traffic.These are supplemented by the parking polices set out in the next section. The Council, in common with other boroughs, seeks to restrain traffic by reducing the demand for road space. In doing so, the Council will ensure that conditions are improved for: • emergency services; • buses and other vehicles available for public use; • cars used by people with a disability or where public transport is not a suitable alternative; • vehicles that are essential to the economy of London, i.e. commercial vehicles and cars used for business use (not commuting or personal) when public transport is not an effective alternative; and • pedestrians and cyclists.
5.66 By reducing traffic, the adverse effects on the environment can be minimised and allow substantial pedestrian and environmental improvements to be achieved.
5.67 The Borough is part of the London Air Quality Network (LAQN) which was established in 1993 to monitor air pollution.The LAQN is seeking to relate the results of monitoring to, inter alia, road traffic.This will be appropriate for monitoring the effects of traffic restraint in the Borough.
176 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 177 The Council has a statutory duty to analyse air quality and designate Air has a statutoryThe Council air quality and designate duty to analyse at risk of not meeting areas those for Areas Quality Management to is one of the tools available restraint standards.Traffic government air quality. improve inner London, through will need to be controlled vehicles the use of motor all for better accessibility schemes so as to secure demand management of the environment.and the general improvement methods for Several feasibility, for and examined been proposed have traffic restraint achieving including parking control, supplementary licensing, permit systems and road on the basis of pricing pricing. road how shown have LPAC Studies by which traffic flows central and inner London can reduce around cordons could, in turn, with major in the environment lead to improvements economic benefits accruing. study In addition,Transport a Department of 1995) suggested that such on Congestion Charging in London (July congestion and the of reducing way could be an effective measures impact of traffic. environmental basis. on a London-wide or regional applied be applied policy must Such a the area.The its part throughout consistently in achieving Council will play London will be for a viable and fair policy of traffic restraint.Transport the Council by promoted traffic management measures consulted on any GLA Roads.Thethat will affect that parking policy is an Council recognises important and has, element in traffic restraint therefore, the developed policies set out in section 7 below. policy of of a strategic In the event implemented, being restraint within the Borough the parking regimes should be reviewed. policy.traffic restraint In addition, parking within a controlled regulated circulation, and general traffic both safety parking zone can improve emergency and servicingparticularly maintaining access for by vehicles, and servicing space for of adequate kerb-side the availability helps to ensure vehicles. vehicles In particular, prevent restrictions parking enforced well parking too close to junctions, can create inconsiderate parking where with pushchairs, wheelchair users and carers difficulties for severe blind and partially sighted pedestrians. the inter-visibility reduce It can also seriously and out of junctions turning into and vehicles pedestrians crossing between and streets. Parking Prior to implementing or when modifying Controlled Zones (CPZs), in the and work the Council will consult those who live measures on the principle of the proposed of the Borough areas affected of design so that often conflicting but accepted needs and in the process be balanced.When space may traffic for kerbside for assessing proposals restraint, including parking controls, to the regard the Council will have character and needs of the area, needs of businesses and the appropriate and residents. conditions, it will be necessary parking in some cases to complement London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.68 locations, that in the most congested It is recognised such as central and 5.69 and be at strategic level be agreed policy must traffic restraint road Any 5.70 parking controls, On-street therefore, an integral part form of the Council’s 5.71 local environmental and to improve restraint effective achieve To 5 TRANSPORT controls with traffic management measures to ensure that improved conditions do not attract additional traffic or increase speeds.Where appropriate to the local road network (see TR20 and related justification), income generated by on-street parking control will be used to fund related traffic calming at the implementation and review stages, as well as other area-wide traffic management schemes.
7 Parking controls
5.72 Higher car ownership and car usage have led to increased levels of congestion and pollution, reduced vehicle speeds, increased rat-running through local roads and increased demand for parking space. Traffic Management and Parking Guidance for London identifies parking control and enforcement as a key means of reducing congestion. For more than 25 years, traffic restraint has been identified as a key objective and parking control as one of the central means of achieving reductions in traffic. Therefore on-street controls were extended to a large part of the Inner London Parking Area (ILPA), which covered around 40 square miles around the centre of London, including a large part of Camden.The conditions that necessitated this strategy have intensified since the adoption of the Greater London Development Plan and now extend beyond the original ILPA boundary.
5.73 Control over the supply of parking is one of the few ways in which the Council can directly influence traffic levels in the Borough.The Council has, therefore, adopted an integrated package of policies which seek to control the availability of all forms of parking space by influencing levels of private non-residential parking, managing the supply of on-street space and regulating the provision and use of public off-street car parking.
On-street parking controls
TR11 In considering development proposals, the Council will take into account the likely effect upon on-street parking in the locality, existing or planned CPZs and the need for additional parking controls, having regard to the provisions of policy TR10.
5.74 A traffic restraint policy based on limiting the supply of private non- residential parking space can only be of limited effectiveness outside Controlled Parking Zones where people can travel to work by car and park all day on-street.The availability of free kerb-side space for long stay commuter parking not only undermines the Council’s traffic restraint policy, but also leads to an inefficient use of kerb-side space to the detriment of residents and essential business users.
178 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 179 supply and layout of parking spaces in new developments; of parking spaces in new and layout supply in in developments provided people with disabilities are for parking design standards; with the accordance and parking. car parking is not used to facilitate commuter that ensure controlling the supply of private non-residential parking space. non-residential of private supply the controlling In particular, Council will: the a the 16) to control (see chapter implement the parking standards bspaces positioned parking that adequate and appropriately require c which of major schemes to submit proposals developers require Private non-residential parking non-residential Private TR12 trips by to deter non-essential vehicle The Council will endeavour (DS8, is not considered that each application Annex) ensures DS9 and their numerous generated by of traffic effect in isolation but that the cumulative into account. taken are developments a form therefore Parking standards both the Council and by central part policies advocated of the restraint central government.Thus, the majority of land uses, for parking standards the for the amount of parking to that required restrict used to are operational needs of a development. and development As with a new depending on its nature, on a significant impact of use can have a change generated traffic and parking demand. should therefore Parking standards of use. change for to applications also apply to,adhered the purposes intended. used for spaces are or that the resulting in part design, good by be overcome may These problems such as clearly designated parking areas, minimising the opportunity for and physically parking outside these areas. However, managing the car parking by it is only occupied by either that it is only ensure space that one can effectively car commuters,intended users and not abused by or that unauthorised car parking. additional not used for are areas public transport because of their disability.conventional Although schemes some people, a solution for provide Taxicard for such as Dial-a-Ride and an practical means of achieving the only others private cars provide of mobility.acceptable level designed to cater are The parking standards but to use a private car. no alternative people who have for The Council close to pedestrian people with disabilities are that spaces for will ensure entrances or passenger lifts, or no changes in level are and that there the points of access. these car parking spaces and obstructions between inessential vehicle the need to restrain in a conflict between has resulted the for sufficient space to allow and the need to provide movement servicing needs of light industrial uses.Typically, parking offices need few minimal servicing spaces to meet their operational needs and require provision, light parking for some light industry whereas requires not only vehicles. larger goods for but also servicingvehicles provision London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.76 either are that they does not ensure car parking standards applying Simply 5.77 either unable to use, people are Many difficulty in using, extreme or have 5.78 of light industry The amalgamation and office uses into a single use class 5.75 of parking and servicing 16 The application set out in chapter standards 5 TRANSPORT 5.79 If all B1 developments have levels of parking and servicing that enable them to be used by B1(c) light industrial uses, those that are, in fact, occupied by office uses will have space for parking above that required by the standards of both the Council and central government. The net result would be a significant increase in inessential car use, particularly by car commuters. Therefore, restrictive car parking standards apply to B1 developments as set out in the Annex to Development Standard 8 (chapter 16), and servicing provision will be determined by evidence of operational need.
5.80 Similarly, the rationale supports applying different parking standards to hotel and hostel development.The Council seeks to restrict traffic generation from hotels, as with other commercial development, by applying parking standards which limit the supply of parking space. However, outside the Central Area, the Council requires residential development, including hostels, to cater for the demand by residents for parking space.
Re-use of existing car parks
TR13 The Council will support appropriate development proposals to convert to alternative (non-parking) uses: a private non-residential parking space where it is not required by genuine operational business users; b parking at residential development where it is in excess of current standards (see chapter 16) and not required to meet the parking needs of residents; and c public off-street parking which is surplus to requirements.
5.81 Many developments up to the early 1970s were required by the parking standards of the time to provide large amounts of private non-residential parking that is beyond local authority control. Because these spaces are ‘free’ to the driver, their availability has encouraged the continued use of private cars for trips which could be made by other modes and has contributed to congestion and environmental deterioration throughout the Borough. Where these spaces are in excess of those required to meet operational needs, the Council will welcome proposals to convert them to alternative uses.
Public off-street parking
TR14 Public off-street parking will only be allowed where it can be shown to meet an essential need and provided that the applicant enters into an agreement for a management scheme and pricing structure, including annual reviews, to deter car commuter parking.
180 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 181 genuine operational need which cannot be met by existing private existing be met by operational need which cannot genuine parking,non-residential on-street parking or local public off-street parking; and safety. road conditions nor threatens and highway environmental cases where parking is required for the essential use of business or by the essential use of business or for parking is required cases where local residents, period a limited for be permitted contract parking may 12-24 months where: of between a users; to named it is linked b to meet a that the space is required it is supported evidence by c an unacceptable deterioration in the car park does not lead to parking (up to two hours) and deter commuters by levying a punitive levying by hours) and deter commuters parking (up to two six hours); parking (over charge on long stay where this can be achieved the cost per hour, not just the total charge, with significantly increases the length of stay; Contract parking Contract TR15 contract parking. for applications speculative The Council will resist In policy. restraint traffic managed to complement the Council’s Clearly, a of parking the supply on restricting based only policy of traffic restraint be ineffective space will and managing on-street development space at new car trips. the displaced for to cater to increase space is allowed if off-street commuting, be achieved the Council does not accept that this will always charges.through operated on a car parks are if public off-street Even basis,commercial feels that the land owner charged a rate merely users are can support,the market neither the true congestion nor the reflecting car trips. additional cost imposed by environmental spaces. an estimated 4,800 provide contract Most of these car parks offer an effective ensure car commuters.To regular used by spaces which are policy,traffic restraint the Council has adopted a package of of all car parking the supply complementary that seek to regulate measures space. in support information of proposals: the following to provide required a short stay favour which must pricing structure details of the proposed b details of the hours of operation; c means of entry details of the proposed control; and d of spaces. and layout details of access arrangements d) above, in c) and information and to identify the users of the car park car parking space.together with a statement justifying their need for London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.83 parking charges will help discourage car off-street in Whilst increases 5.84 parks which car some 35 public off-street already are there In Camden 5.85 consideration, enable proper To public car parks will be for applicants 5.86 the to provide contract car parks will be required for Applicants 5.82 and contract car parks should be of public off-street The provision 5 TRANSPORT 5.87 Potential applicants should bear in mind that planning permission will be refused for public or contract car parks which do not meet the strategic aims of the Council and some essential need. Essential need for off-street parking is defined as one or more of the following: • replacement for on-street residential/business parking; • parking for operational business use in the neighbourhood; and • parking for people who have no alternative to use of the car such as disabled car drivers.
Car-free housing developments
TR16 The Council will encourage car-free housing developments in locations: a which are easily accessible by public transport; b where there is a range of amenities, including shops and leisure activities; and c within a controlled parking zone.
Residential parking standards
TR17 The Council will normally apply the parking standards (see chapter 16) to all new-build residential development or where there is a change from non-residential to residential use, so that: a they are designed to accommodate the needs of people with disabilities; and b outside the Central London Area, sufficient car parking is provided within the curtilage of the site to accommodate car ownership levels, taking into account public transport accessibility and parking stress; or c within the Central London Area and the King’s Cross Opportunity Area, the amount of space devoted to parking is constrained. Where it is not practicable to comply with the Council’s minimum parking standards, the Council will consider designating the development car-free if it is located in an area with parking stress and within a controlled parking zone.
Parking for residential conversions
TR18 In schemes for residential conversion (within Use Class C3), the Council will seek, where practicable, to apply residential parking standards.Where this is not practicable, and the site is located in a street defined as heavily parked (identified in Appendix TR4), the Council will normally seek to limit the number of units resulting from subdivision in order to prevent an increase in on-street parking demand. The maximum number of units considered acceptable (subject to
182 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 183 policies on mix and residential standards) will normally be equivalent to be will normally standards) mix and residential policies on within the property, of accommodation of existing floors the number use of roofspace. excluding any Standard 8 and the Annex (C3 Residential Development) in chapter 16. in chapter Annex (C3 Residential Development) 8 and the Standard parking space is an important of adequate element of The provision development.residential However, space is at a where in congested areas premium, of on-site high level an unnecessarily to provide a requirement units being reduced of residential in either the number result parking may or,to meet the parking standard in some constrained sites, residential make unviable.The that under development acknowledge standards development parking space off-street provide to the requirement certain circumstances this is the completely.Where could be waived development at residential case, should be designated as the Council will consider if the development car-free. within controlled can be constructed only Such developments parking zones. site within the development No parking will be provided people with disabilities) and,(except for displacement to prevent in order parking on-street, residents’ on-street not be eligible for would residents up by permits.This been taken have land within the site that would enables other uses,parking to be used for units or amenity residential such as more space.As a car it is do not have in the Borough the majority of households is a substantial, that there considered untapped, present and at for market such housing. cost of low provision the future could prejudice development residential housing in the Borough.Therefore, of flexibility is built into the a degree of one space per dwelling. standard minimum all types of household, for low relatively are levels ownership of the level public transport of activities are accessibility is high and a large number within walking distance. Because the Council does not wish to actively of car ownership, high levels promote to adopt a flexible it is appropriate to on-site parking.approach with a low been developed have Standards and a maximum,minimum to maintain the viability of residential in order Area. in the Central development parking (such as parking too often leads to obstructive exceeds supply.This close to junctions, causes parking and double parking) which footway to passing vehicles,inconvenience and impede emergency vehicles may vehicles.The pedestrians and moving between the inter-visibility reduces degree which results in obstruction, which results degree parking and footway including double parking.This safety, detrimental to road in turn is not only but can in services. the emergency by cases hinder access extreme to It is appropriate the situation to prevent in order to car ownership link parking standards deteriorating further. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.90Area, London Outside the Central to all a single parking standard applying 5.91Area, Opportunity Cross and King’s car Area In the Central London 5.92 of the Borough, areas residential In many parking on-street demand for 5.89 set out in Development are parking standards residential The Council’s 5.88 to a parking stress on-street experience already Some parts of the Borough 5 TRANSPORT problems are often worst overnight when residents attempt to find a parking space close to their homes. Subdivision of properties into a larger number of residential units can exacerbate these problems by increasing the pressure for on-street parking.The criteria on mix and residential standards that the Council will use in determining planning applications for conversions are described in policies HG18-20 of chapter 6. Heavily parked streets are listed in Appendix TR4 and illustrated in Map TR1.
5.93 The Council has carried out a survey of owner-occupied households in several streets across the Borough to obtain information about car ownership associated with single-family and sub-divided properties. In general, a given property will generate more cars if divided into a larger number of smaller units than into fewer larger units. For example, four one-bedroom converted flats in owner-occupation would be expected to generate 2.8 cars (0.7 x 4), compared to 1.6 for a four-bedroom undivided house in owner-occupation. Therefore, the expected number of cars generated by a property is likely to increase after subdivision and increase demand for on-street space unless an adequate level of off-street parking is provided.
8 Road safety
TR19 The Council will assess the accident risks arising from development proposals, in consultation with Transport for London, where GLA Roads are affected. In particular, the Council will: a seek to reduce accidents by promoting schemes which lessen physical conflicts and, will especially promote schemes: i at high risk sites with identifiable problems; ii those designed to protect vulnerable road users such as pedestrians and cyclists; iii enabling area-wide accident remedial measures especially in high risk areas; and b ensure safety is given priority in the design of traffic management/calming and highway schemes and maintain a safety audit procedure.This procedure applies to the design, management and access implications of development as well as schemes promoted by the Council.
5.94 Developments which affect the highway or the amount or movement of traffic may have an effect on road safety. The Council’s Road Safety Plan provides the basis for translating the policy commitment to safety for all road users into practical action in which local people have an important part to play. There is strong evidence to suggest that most accidents, particularly those involving pedestrians, cyclists, minor injuries or damage, go unreported. Consultation with the community is essential to highlight hazards not borne out by official data.The Council has a Road Safety
184 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 185 and Forum, local schools, from representatives involving and groups resident user groups, Camden and to in safety of road all areas to discuss regularly courses of action. recommend to meet the significant reduction of accidents at these sites needed number the end of in casualties by reduction target of a one-third government’s 1981-85).The road set new to the average 2000 (compared government to the 2010 (compared by 2000) to be achieved casualty targets (March 1984-98): average • injured; of people killed or seriously in the number reduction a 40% • injured; killed or seriously of children in the number a 50% reduction • rate. in the slight casualty a 10% reduction users such as half of all casualties occur to vulnerable road Nearly that the Council gives groups pedestrians and cyclists and it is to these accident reduction.highest priority for measures Accident prevention in cost/benefit terms and in the of return excellent rates give generally of accidents saved. number audit checks at the planning, stages. design and implementation Safety of accidents. the number in reducing results positive shown audits have schemes (or development When general traffic management or highway it is important is not that safety introduced them) are affecting or aesthetics. such as cost saving other objectives by compromised All conditions for safe should provide or existing traffic schemes whether new users. and possible, appropriate Wherever the Council will incorporate users into designs to reduce road different for at-grade provision safer potential conflicts. unreported or the density of accidents is such that traditional accident not appropriate.An methods are to accident reduction approach area-wide in such areas, significant accident savings can achieve reduction particularly substantial traffic calming is undertaken. where accidents,reducing behavioural alone cannot compensate for such measures factors, cause.With be the overriding cases may which in many appropriate education or training, the skills, it is possible to improve and knowledge and system is used safely users such that the road of all road awareness to implement education, Council will continue responsibly.The training and with particular all sectors of the community for publicity programmes such as children, to vulnerable groups attention being given elderly, the cyclists, users. and inexperienced road motorcyclists London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.95 at high risk sites.The occur accidents in the Borough of A large proportion 5.96 safety formal schemes will undergo All traffic management and highway 5.97 schools, around and areas areas In residential go accidents many 5.98 in engineering measures traffic of many effectiveness Notwithstanding the 5 TRANSPORT 9 Traffic management
TR20 The Council will seek to encourage safer and more effective use of the road network by establishing a three-tier hierarchy of Strategic, London Distributor and Local Roads, and greater use of public transport. The Council will: a discourage through traffic using local roads by the appropriate use of traffic management measures and the layout and design of any new roads; b conduct local area studies to: i review the designation of Borough Distributor and Access Roads, and ii promote and implement traffic schemes that support the road hierarchy; c not support additional capacity on the main road network except where justified for new developments or to remove traffic from local roads, with any proposals for new road construction being assessed taking account of: i the Council’s traffic restraint policy TR10, ii effects on the environment, iii road safety, iv traffic management arrangements, and v the needs of all road users including pedestrians, bus passengers, people with disabilities and cyclists; d support minor improvements to the King’s Cross intersection that allow a reduction in traffic using Acton and Swinton Streets and copes with the extra traffic generated by a Channel Tunnel terminus at St. Pancras but not supporting schemes which involve major demolition; e normally only allow direct vehicular access to Strategic or London Distributor roads where purpose designed junction arrangements are provided; f refuse planning permission unless suitable ameliorative measures can be implemented if these are necessary to accommodate the vehicles and pedestrians generated; and g attach conditions on the grant of planning permission and/or will seek planning obligations within the terms of policy RE6(a) to secure the provision and timing of highway improvements and measures to protect residents from traffic intrusion.
5.99 Increasing car ownership and use has resulted in a growth in traffic within the Borough substantial enough to cause severe congestion on many main roads during most part of the day. One of the undesirable effects of this congestion has been the increased use of minor roads by through traffic avoiding the congested main roads.
186 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 187 provide links to Strategic Roads,provide journeys for provide for movement within Camden, movement for provide provide links to land and buildings.provide Some local roads provide the distributor network for longer distance for the distributor network provide are all other roads in the Borough and are sub-divided into sub-divided and are in the Borough roads all other are Borough Distributors Borough Access Roads, Distributor Roads and Local London between and are for and serve as suitable routes movements local vehicle for mainly and buses. emergency vehicles Access Roads shared-surface. have while others may be fully-pedestrianised may In both cases, will be enhanced. walking conditions for limiting the number of routes available to through traffic, to through available of routes number limiting the the use restraining public by undertaken be adequately trips which could of private cars for of planning and the control network a basis for transport and providing development. be need to generating motor vehicles Developments as public as well hierarchy to the road relation located in appropriately transport. and traffic impacts, In balancing environmental consideration local roads. through routing to minimising should be given Developments or London Distributor Roads, access onto Strategic with vehicular however, can suitable junction arrangements where will be permitted only normally as partbe accommodated of the proposal. Strategic Roads network. within London to the national road movements vehicle as Known for Act 1999,Transport London GLA Roads with the passing of the Greater Authority. London will be the Highway Within Camden, comprise they Roads and Priority (Red) Routes,Trunk part of the main bus and are former and lorrynetwork routes. London Distributor Roads whether their function is to distribute local depending on categories two traffic or to gain access: a b in the network.roads as access or distributor The suitability of local roads studies.The when conducting local area local area will be reviewed roads as low-speed areas the possibility of designating studies will also investigate zones. to traffic management for outlines the approach TR2 below Table lists the changes Proposals Transport and the Schedule of each of the level within the hierarchy. to roads between boroughs and access to town centres, and access to town boroughs between part and are of the main on the London Bus Priority Network (most but not all roads bus routes Area).They access to adjacent land uses. also provide outside the Central Local Roads London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.100 by effects these aims to control described below hierarchy The road 5.101TR2) is as follows: on Map (shown The hierarchy 5.102 into account the function and characteristics of takes hierarchy The road 5 TRANSPORT Table TR2:Road hierarchy in Camden
Use Local Roads Borough London Strategic Access Roads Distributors Distributor Roads Roads
Predominant Providing access to As Access Roads plus Attract and serve Serve longer Functions adjacent land and collecting and traffic between distance through buildings. distributing local boroughs and town traffic and links traffic in Borough, centres, providing to national inc. buses. links to strategic road network. roads.
Servicing Control of servicing As Access Roads Considerable control Considerable may be considered for control safety & environmental reasons.
Heavy Goods Essential deliveries only. Essential deliveries only. Through trips. Through trips. Vehicle Activity
Bus Routes Suitable to provide for Suitable for all Main bus routes. Main bus routes. local needs; smaller bus services Implementation of Implementation of buses may be necessary. bus priority bus priority where appropriate. where appropriate.
Emergency Vehicle Should not be main Suitable for Suitable for Suitable for Use through-route. through-route. through-route. through-route
Traffic Selective closures or Selective movement Measures, which would As for London Management banned turns to restrictions and/or allow necessary traffic Distributor Roads. Measures eliminate rat-running. width restrictions movement, subject to Some limitation Extensive traffic calming to discourage through complementary measures on access to measures, for example, movements, subject on local roads to improve flow. width restrictions, to access needs and ensure no increase 20mph speed limits, requirements of in overall network local area lorry bans, emergency services capacity and proper subject to requirements and buses. Limited provision for pedestrians, of emergency services traffic calming cyclists and buses. and buses. measures and lorry control.
5.103 The overall intention of the hierarchy is to: • protect against and, where possible reduce the adverse environmental impact of traffic; • improve conditions for pedestrians and cyclists; • improve bus services by avoiding long delays;
188 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 189 affected groups,affected and businesses, including residents and in promoting monitoring schemes, Fire other authorities such as the London consulting Authority (LFEPA), etc. and Emergency Planning Police Metropolitan through are and proposals management schemes liaison meetings.Traffic regular Plan (to become Local Transport Interim in the Council’s submitted annually Authority). London with the setting up of the Greater Implementation Plan damage. congestion and environmental which causes more road New schemes can be supported when only construction or major improvement essential, and the criteria status of the road to the the design is appropriate met.TR20 are in policy abandoned the widening safeguarding The Council in 1987,of St.Way London the Greater it had inherited from which Pancras Council. the GLC. intersection from Cross the King’s Place scheme for Due to the to the costs,lack of benefits compared the Department will not be with this scheme.Theproceeding had engineering Council also has always concerns about the St. Place scheme. Chad’s The choice of St. the ability to provide reduces Pancras as Terminus Rail Link Tunnel the Channel intersection. Cross the King’s around improvements Some modest changes of traffic a reduction be possible that will allow system may to the highway Acton and Swinton Streets.using Cross/St. in the King’s Other roads terminus. of the new will change with development Pancras area These include an anti-clockwise gyratory system using the southern part of Way, and York and Pancras Road and Midland Road,Way Goods a realigned widening of Euston Road. take which should normally a major traffic role have therefore They sites and individual development for access requirements over precedence premises. In certain circumstances, is to provide the alternative where Road, a Local (residential) access from access to allow be preferable it may be necessary may a Strategic or London Distributor Roads and works from acceptable access. to provide and cycle movement, it is necessary that the transport to ensure at an movements can accommodate these additional infrastructure of service.Where level required, are appropriate improvements planning in the developer funded in full by are be granted if they permission will only opens. the development the context of policy RE6(a) and completed before • accidents; reduce •roads; traffic on local of through the amount reduce • the Borough; the amenity of and improve maintain and • routes. unsuitable from vehicles goods remove London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.105 is increased, of roads When the capacity traffic is generated additional 5.106 St. inherited the safeguarded Transport Chad’s Department The former of 5.107 intended to distribute traffic. are and London Distributor roads Strategic 5.108 vehicular, generates additional development a proposed pedestrian Where 5.104 of seek to balance the interests into account and The Council will take 5 TRANSPORT 10 Pedestrians
TR21 The Council will: a seek to improve conditions for the convenience and safety of pedestrians, to reduce walking times and to enhance the pedestrian environment taking into consideration design, pedestrian access and security, with particular attention being given to provision for members of the groups most likely to be disadvantaged, such as wheelchair users, visually impaired people, children and elderly people; b promote the development of, and implement, networks of safe, accessible and attractive pedestrian routes throughout the Borough; c incorporate the needs of pedestrians in all highway improvement, traffic management, traffic calming and environmental schemes, including bus priority and cycling schemes; d implement schemes to improve pedestrian road crossing facilities particularly in areas of high pedestrian activity such as routes to local schools, shopping streets and public transport interchanges; e implement schemes to ensure that footway widths are commensurate with likely usage, particularly in areas of high pedestrian activity; f seek any necessary provision, or contribution towards it, within the terms of policy RE6; g implement schemes to enhance the pedestrian environment by introducing traffic calming measures where appropriate; h require developers to provide high standard pedestrian facilities within the site, upgrade external links where a significant number of movements will be generated and open up new, or replace, pedestrian routes, particularly where severance has previously occurred; and i require developers and statutory undertakers to reinstate promptly any disturbance to the highway (including the footway) in original materials following site construction works.
5.109 Many Londoners make most or all of their travel on foot. Most motorised and public transport journeys include walking at one or both ends of the trip; some priority groups such as school children are very dependent on walking as a primary mode of transport. Walking is also a healthy, non- polluting mode of transport. As such, the Council considers that facilities for pedestrians are of the utmost importance.
5.110 The highway network is for pedestrians as well as vehicular traffic. Increasing traffic volumes have resulted in deterioration in pedestrian conditions throughout the Borough. Traffic noise and pollution continue to rise and pedestrians as the most vulnerable group now account for about one third of all casualties in road accidents. The Council is therefore committed to improving the safety of pedestrians and ensuring that their needs, particularly those of disadvantaged groups, are fully taken into
190 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 191 consideration in development proposals and in the planning, proposals in development consideration programming schemes. and environmental of traffic management and design on Standards in disabilities can be found pedestrians and people with access for Supplementary Guidance. Planning pedestrians, for them dangerous particularly disabilities. those with Many in the local community.cause of severance also a major are roads This is roads facilities along many crossing the lack of protected exacerbated by traffic, the conflict with help reduce and junctions.To the Council will the Borough, throughout of pedestrian routes a network develop where the major roads, from possible away clear desire with the aims of following leisure to local amenities or forming areas lines or linking residential routes. to use predicted to accommodate the pedestrian flows be adequate must them. transport in its annual plan proposals The Council will also develop centres, to pedestrians in town attractive and more safer areas to make including wider footways, and pedestrian-friendly carriageways narrower crossings. pedestrian activity that will lead to additional developments New should be preceded, necessary, where in footway increases appropriate by a that affect proposals London will be consulted about for areas.Transport GLA road. is necessary to maintain an adequate An unobstructed footway of service and, all pedestrians for level in particular, access for to ensure with push chairs.people with disabilities and carers may Site development pedestrian links that will increase the opportunity new for also provide walking as a mode of transport. pedestrians and promote accessibility for parking space. on-street demands for growing This has led, areas, in many to parking too close to junctions, pedestrian and across on footways crossovers. is made, or specific provision exemption Except where footway parking is unlawful. maintenance width and increases footway It reduces costs. drivers to both vehicle Parking too close to junctions is dangerous visibility.and pedestrians because of reduced is crossovers Parking across on many a detrimental effect all pedestrians and can have for inconvenient people with disabilities. Therefore, the Council intends to implement acting against illegal or by schemes to enhance the pedestrian environment parking,dangerous such as parking too close to junctions, on the footway kerbs. dropped or across use of minor is the increased the day throughout traditional main roads traffic. through by roads residential on This in turn has a detrimental affect the local environment, the dangers to pedestrians who need and increases the road.to cross traffic calming measures, Introducing such as road humps, buildouts, footway traffic throttles, entry etc., treatments in and safety enhance pedestrian environment can areas residential substantially. appropriate, Where 20 mile per hour zones will be introduced. adjacent to major Particular to areas be given attention will London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.111 of the crossing make roads of Camden’s on many The high traffic volumes 5.112 environment, and attractive to maintain a safe In order widths footway 5.113 in in London has resulted and car commuting car ownership Increased 5.114 of the congestion on many of severe effects One of the undesirable 5 TRANSPORT roads to ensure that residential areas are protected from possible adverse side effects of these routes, such as increased traffic flows and rat-running.
5.115 Poor design or maintenance of footways can be dangerous, particularly for people with disabilities. The footway environment is often littered with obstacles, such as street furniture, tables and chairs, advertisement boards, and the surface cracked or damaged. There are many street works that can increase safety and help people with disabilities to be more mobile, such as dropped kerbs, bollards to prevent vehicles driving on footways and causing damage, and tactile paving. The Council will, therefore, promote and implement streetworks and a high standard of maintenance to assist people with disabilities, including the provision of dropped kerbs and textured paving where appropriate. Supplementary Planning Guidance will apply to all proposals to place street furniture, tables and chairs and other potential obstacles on the footway.
5.116 Detailed proposals for pedestrian schemes and improvements to the pedestrian environment are included in the Council’s Interim Transport Plan (to become the Local Implementation Plan). In any schemes for pedestrianisation, adequate access will have to be maintained for the servicing of utilities and full consultation will take place with the appropriate authorities.
11 Cycling
TR22 The Council will: a expand, develop and improve the Borough’s cycle network to facilitate safe, pleasant, comfortable and convenient cycling, and in particular: i adopt the London Cycle Network and implement the links shown on Map TR3 (and modifications to it as these become necessary) and develop programmes for the implementation of the remaining sections of the network, and ii where cycle use, potential use or safety considerations warrant, implement local cycle priority and cycle access improvements particularly where they would feed into the strategic cycle network; b safeguard the needs of cyclists in all highway improvements, traffic management, traffic calming, pedestrian, bus priority and environmental schemes, with particular regard to the objectives of accessibility and safety, while ensuring that there is no conflict between pedestrians and cyclists; c promote and install cycle parking facilities throughout the Borough including within or close to transport interchanges; d require developers to provide adequate facilities for cycle movement and parking which is appropriate to the particular development;
192 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 193 routes (to Development Standard DS7) where the development DS7) where Standard Development (to routes cycle link; opens up the opportunity a new for cyclists to less experienced by such facilities can be used where their skills; improve surfaces;of their activities on road detrimental impact and proposals. development e developers, require practicable, where cycle new for provide to f cycling, leisure of facilities for consider the provision especially gto minimise the developers encourage public utilities and h DS7 and DS8 in assessing Standards to Development regard have meets other Council transport objectives too,meets other Council transport objectives than walking, quicker being flexible (accessibility), space and energy, efficient in its use of road cheap (equity), of the community to a large section and available including some of a car. and/or drive those unable to own cause damage to Cyclists rarely Laboratory Research research the victims;Transport usually others but are cyclists and motor vehicles a quarter that only shows of accidents involving of the cyclist. the fault are However, sometimes publicly cyclists are to be a nuisance.Theperceived Council is committed therefore, to cyclists, conditions for improving to safety, with respect especially and cyclists. practice by good promoting However, acknowledges the Council to be balanced with those of have that the needs of cyclists may pedestrians. problems, environmental transport and reducing London former the Advisory has adopted a 1,000 mile strategic cycle Committee Planning London (Report for 7/89).The network route has since been network London and detailed cycle Strategic Planning Guidance for commended by transport annual included in the plan. are schemes and proposals such as shops, parking should be made as part of developments uses,employment facilities and public transport educational and leisure stations, and in all major developments.Appropriate cycle for standards 16.the chapter in given parking are Similarly, opportunity the will be taken, process, control though the development to provide developments new for and priority measures. cycle routes London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.118 to tackling London’s cycling can make the contribution In recognising 5.119to encourage cycle use, In order and movement safe for adequate provision 5.117 transport mode. efficient and environmentally-friendly Cycling is a highly It 5 TRANSPORT 12 Movement of goods
Facilities and amenity
TR23 The Council will: a require adequate provision for goods vehicles within all development in line with development standards; b promote measures to concentrate the movement of goods by road on the Strategic and London Distributor Roads by controlling the location of new industrial and commercial premises and heavy goods vehicle operating centres; c promote the provision of suitable facilities for the transfer of goods from road to other modes of transport; d promote measures to protect people from the adverse effects of commercial vehicles, with due consideration given to the needs of industry and the effects on land use policy. In particular the Council will: i seek to maintain the existing controls and implement restrictions on the use of large commercial vehicles during night-time and at weekends, ii promote and implement restrictions on the use of commercial vehicles in residential areas, and iii implement controls over on street parking of commercial vehicles and investigate the demand for a lorry park within the Borough; and e where local impacts are acceptable, support and advocate extension of national and regional policies to transfer freight from road to rail or water transport, especially in view of the opportunities provided by the construction of the Channel Tunnel and including a move to upgrade the rail network loading gauge to continental standards.
Movement of goods in residential areas
TR24 The Council will not normally permit uses involving the operation of goods vehicles greater than 7.5 tonnes gross vehicle weight (gvw) from the site, or sites receiving frequent deliveries in residential areas.
Movement of goods on waterways
TR25 The Council will: a promote the use of the Regent’s Canal for the transport of materials into and out of development sites adjacent to the Canal where this does not have an adverse effect on the environment; and
194 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 195 of freight facilities on cruising waterways, facilities on of freight an not have it will where on the environment. effect adverse Suitable sites, particularly for minerals, and waste movement, construction aggregates should be to local bulk carrying can transfer identified where vessels distribution. b encourage,Waterways, the development British conjunction with in The Council will attempt to facilitate ease of access for goods vehicles goods to facilitate ease of access for The Council will attempt whilst, at the same time, be drawn that a balance has to acknowledging adverse and the the need to transport road by between goods vehicles.The consequences of using commercial will Council environmental support aid under Section 140 of the 1993 Railways grant for applications in inland waterway haulage by freight of facilities for the provision Act for circumstances. appropriate to be made within all developments therefore should Adequate provision facilitate ease of delivery and servicing whilst causing minimum users or pedestrians.The to other road inconvenience Council will apply to the servicing relating by,standards parking of, and vehicles, goods when development.The for considering applications is that servicing presumption small be made for out on-site but exceptions may will be carried the case. or the merits of developments roads. ease of access to suitable their transportused for have to In order vehicles, goods by minimise the disturbance caused to residents such or London access to Strategic be able to gain early must vehicles distributor and use of Local Roads (both Distributor Roads with minimum access). road, by traffic moving freight within urban areas, especially although those either the origin or destination.Therefore, very often are areas the Council supports of such traffic to the rail or water the transfer policies that allow acceptable.The the local impacts are transport where construction of the the could provide and upgrading of the rail network Tunnel Channel place.opportunities this shift to take for traffic on the Strategic and London Distributor vehicle essential goods use. vehicle of goods whilst minimising the social cost Road network The lorry Council supports the operation of the night-time and weekend impact of heavy the environmental within London to reduce restrictions vehicles. goods because of noise, detriment to the amenity of the area out without carried vibration, smell, fumes, smoke, soot, ash,amenity test’ is: dust or grit.‘residential This London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.121 delivery and servicing vehicles. goods activities require by All commercial 5.122 that the vehicles and materials requires of goods The efficient movement 5.123 long distance caused by that are the problems The Council recognises 5.124 for intended to facilitate ease of movement are policies The Council’s 5.125 be able to be must area in a residential use proposed non-residential Any 5.120 economy. the local and regional is vital to both freight of The movement 5 TRANSPORT a applied to each part of the use, not simply the inherent qualities of the proposed industrial process; b assessed against the amenity of any surrounding residential area, and not just the environment of the site.
5.126 Vehicles operating from the site or delivering to the site are a fundamental part of the use which should, therefore, be subject to the residential amenity test. Land uses generating a significant number of large vehicles would fail the test on the grounds that they are not acceptable in residential areas because of the associated noise, vibration, pollution and intrusion.
5.128 The maximum size of vehicle acceptable in a residential area has been assessed with reference to the following considerations: a The largest vehicles normally found in residential areas are pantechnicons (about 9.5 metres long) and refuse vehicles (about 8.0 metres long) both with a gvw of 16.23 tonnes. However, vehicles of this size only require infrequent access, normally once a week or less, and are not regarded as setting a standard for the size acceptable on a daily basis. b The majority of service trips in central and inner London are made by light or medium light goods vehicles less than 7.5 tonnes gvw.Therefore, a threshold of 7.5 tonnes would exclude those relatively few uses that generate a significant number of heavy vehicles. c A threshold of 7.5 tonnes gvw, therefore, forms part of a package of measures which seek to improve environmental conditions in residential areas by removing heavy goods vehicles.
5.129 The Council’s standards for parking and servicing will be applied at all developments.Where an application is made on behalf of a known occupier who requires higher levels of parking or servicing, they will be required to submit details of the anticipated traffic generation, making specific reference to the size of vehicle used and the number of daily movements.
5.130 The Regent’s Canal is no longer a major route for the transport of freight. As its previous role declined, its importance in ecological and recreational terms has increased.There does still remain however the potential to use the Canal for the movement of certain types of bulk materials.
5.131 Bulk materials can be transported by canal with minimum social costs to the community. This is in contrast to the noise, air pollution and visual intrusion created by the use of lorries to service development sites. London’s waterways have the potential to transport large quantities of aggregates long distances direct into inner London minimising the use of heavy goods vehicles for their movement.
3.132 The Council will encourage the maximum use of the Regent’s Canal for the transport of building and other materials whilst seeking to minimise the conflict between such a use and the use of the Canal for leisure purposes.
196 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 197 Camden, and ensure that any new facilities or intensified use of existing facilities or intensified new that any and ensure use of in demand for to a significant increase facilities do not lead roads;Camden’s and considerations: to the following regard i in people living and working for on the environment effects ii surface access to, and traffic impact of, the facility,iii and such a development. the economic benefits of a the use of public transport to airports advocate area in the London b on its merits, helicopter facilities for each proposal treat having one of the most important aspects of airports, particularly as Camden is close to, and part of, attractions in London such as hotels, major many tourist attractions and business activity. effects, the environmental against weighed particularly in terms of traffic impact and noise, such a facility. near on people living and working In as Camden, built-up area facility in such a heavily new assessing any the impact should be the major determinant of its acceptability. environmental be a helicopter facility would for Submission of a planning application to address,required clear, and make impacts. the environmental TR26 The Council will: London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 13 Air transport 5.134 economic benefits but this has to be some Helicopter facilities can provide 5.133 and public transport systems is The impact of surface access on the road 5 TRANSPORT Appendix TR1:Public transport accessibility index
Introduction
5.135 Public transport accessibility involves a complex relationship between the characteristics of the public transport system and the spatial distribution of land uses.As a proxy, the Council has developed indices of accessibility to public transport which are derived from the time waiting for services to arrive, and the time walking to the public transport network.
5.136 To give an indication of the relative accessibility of different parts of the Borough, the Council calculated zonal indices based on enumeration districts. However, to translate this from a relatively coarse measure into an easy to use development control tool, a methodology was developed which focused on areas with high levels of public transport accessibility. These areas, illustrated in the Council’s Transport Plan (which is currently known as the Interim Transport Plan and will be known as the Local Implementation Plan in future) and summarised below, are within a reasonable walking distance of a major node on the public transport network where several buses and/or rail services intersect.
Area Public transport services
Central Area 7 Underground lines, 3 mainline stations,Thameslink, and over 40 bus routes.
Camden Town All Northern Line branches and 12 bus routes
Finchley Road Metropolitan and Jubilee Lines, Richmond-North Woolwich Line, and 5 bus routes.
Swiss Cottage Jubilee Line and 8 bus routes
Mornington Northern Line and 9 bus routes Crescent
West Hampstead Jubilee Line,Thameslink, and 3 bus routes
Kilburn (South) Bakerloo Line, Euston-Watford Line, and 7 bus routes
Kilburn (North) Jubilee Line, Richmond-North Woolwich Line, and 7 bus routes
Kentish Town Northern Line,Thameslink, and 5 bus routes
198 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 199 tonnes) per day; or 2 / 1 1600-1900); or f midnight and 6am. between movements vehicle goods heavy any criteria. of the above to exceed one or more likely Clearly, use a mixed of trips exceeded TIS if the total number a require also would development criteria. the relevant increase of: increase a than 1,000 person trips per day; more or b per day; movements 500 vehicle than more or c than 100 person trips during the peak hours (0700-1000 and/or more d hour; single in any movements than 100 vehicle more or e 7 (over vehicles goods than 20 heavy more detailed information on a range of transport conditions both before and on a range of transportdetailed information conditions both before built. has been after a development full Environmental is not a If there of then the effect planning application the Statement accompanying noise should also be included. traffic on air pollution and additional The and of information the presentation structures TIS a of providing process to emerge. conclusions and recommendations appropriate allows TIS and this will be a major contained in the on the information the application. consideration in the determination of When is a Transport Impact Statement required ? required Impact Statement Transport When is a Appendix TR2:Transport Impact Statement TR2:Transport Appendix Statement ? Impact Transport What is a London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.140 some guidelines on the amount of floor space provides The table below 5.139 a net generates when a development be required TIS will normally A 5.137 Statement (TIS) is a written statement which provides Impact Transport A 5.138Assessment (TIA) based Impact Transport The Council will then carry out a 5 TRANSPORT Land Use Threshold Criteria
A1 Foodstore 1,000 m2 GFA a b c d DIY store 2,000 m2 GFA b d
A3 Fast Food 50 seats a
B1/ A2 Office 3,500 m2 GFA c
B2 Industry 4,000 m2 GFA e
B8 Storage and 4,000 m2 GFA e Distribution
C1 Hotel 250 bedrooms a
C2 Hospitals 250 beds a b C3 Dwellings 250 units b
D2 Entertainment >500 person capacity a
(GFA = Gross Floor Area)
5.141 If a particular land use is not specified above or if the applicant is unsure whether or not a TIS is required, further guidance will be provided by the Council’s Planning Service.
5.142 Although a formal statement is not required for smaller schemes, aspects of their transport impact would still be assessed through the standard development control process.
What should a Transport Impact Statement include ?
5.143 Applicants should discuss the scope of the TIS with the Council at an early stage. In addition, the Council will advise on the most appropriate methods to use, for example, in estimating trip generation.
200 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 201 where only criteria A and/ criteria only where or C met met intensively will be more used with the Council C met networks.emergency vehicles. this with Council standards. parking and compare A and/or C criteria where the by affected are they cycle facilities and describe how development. using appropriate packages if necessary (such as PICADYusing appropriate TRANSYT).OSCADY, LINSIG and or, provided access is new an existing access where public transport, pedestrian and cycle networks. to be agreed networks parking conditions, critical links and and identify any junctions. and rail servicesunderground within the study area.A and/ criteria only where A and/or criteria where or C met London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development c Describe the number, allocation and design of on-site required Always 6a and cyclists Pedestrians of existing pedestrian and and safety the capacity Assess required Always bof public transport Assignment trips to the bus and rail c assignment methodology. for Justification required normally Only b required Always servicing for Describe the arrangements and access for required Always 5a access and circulation Vehicular access and egress, of junction design for Analysis a where required Always 4a assignment Trip network. trips to the road Assignment of vehicular required Not normally 3a generation Trip b mode and time of day. Number of person trips generated by to service the building. required of vehicles Number and size required. Always required. Always 2a Description of base networks road, of site to the surrounding relationship Plan showing and base Study area 5.1441 best practice, As a model for information: include the following TIS should a a Description of development b Detailed site plan (min. 1:1250).c uses on the site. of existing of floor areas Schedule the site. uses on of proposed of floor areas Schedule required. Always required. Always c required. Always on frequency, Information of bus, and capacity reliability required normally Only b on traffic flows, Information accident records, on-street required Not normally 5 TRANSPORT b Describe the number, allocation and design of on-site cycle Always required parking and compare this with Council standards. c Describe design features on or outside the site to assist Always required pedestrians and cyclists.
7 Public transport a Assess the accessibility of the site by public transport. Always required b Identify BR and Underground stations and lines, and bus Only normally required services that will be significantly affected by the development. where criteria A and/or Evaluate and quantify impact of additional demand on C met. capacity. c Assess and quantify impact of additional road traffic on Not normally required bus reliability. where only criteria A and/ or C met
8 Road network a Identify junctions and links that will be affected by Not normally required development traffic. Quantify and evaluate the reserve where only criteria A capacity, queues and delays at critical junctions. and/or C met. b Carry out a Safety Audit. Only required where physical changes are proposed on the public highway.
9 People with a transport disadvantage a Identify measures to make the site accessible to people Always required. with a transport disadvantage, including access for community transport services, the provision of designated car parking and physical design features.
10 Environmental impact a The impact of generated traffic on air pollution and noise Not normally required (where a full Environmental Statement is not required). where only criteria A and/or C met.
11 Conclusions and recommendations a Summary of transport impacts. Always required b Details of remedial measures proposed to alleviate any Always required identified problems or evidence provided that no remedial measures are necessary.
202 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 203 the impacts; provision; transport; pedestrian and cycle facilities). This might conclude, example, for that: • acceptable in transport terms; are impacts of the development the • to reduce become acceptable if scaled down would development the • modal split can be changed by, the example, for the parking altering • public or community or improved new provide should applicant the •(including be made to the highway should/could improvements justified, necessaryfunds for to the highway.Where works the Council will public to fund increased also seek planning obligations with developers transport and other public transport capacity facilities. How will the Transport Impact Assessment be used ? be used Assessment Impact Transport will the How London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.146Authorities obtain the Highway established mechanisms whereby are There 5.145based on the submitted statement. an assessment The Council will make 5 TRANSPORT Appendix TR3: Congested Underground stations
Station Problem Areas Relief Work
Camden Town Low level concourse, ticket Proposals for congestion-relief hall and interchange are under consideration. passageways.
Chancery Lane Escalator capacity. No firm proposals.
Covent Garden Ticket hall and lift capacity. Proposals for congestion-relief are under consideration.
Euston Square Ticket hall capacity and Linked to Railtrack plans for staircase congestion. West Coast Main Line upgrade.
Goodge Street Lift capacity. No firm proposals.
Holborn Ticket hall and interchange . Proposals for congestion-relief are passageways under consideration.
King’s Cross Ticket hall and associated Stage 1 works proceeding 2000-2005 passageways. involving a new Western Ticket Hall and enlargement of the existing ticket hall.
Russell Square Lift capacity Proposals for congestion-relief are under consideration
Tottenham Ticket hall and holding area Proposals for congestion relief are Court Road at base of escalators to/from under consideration. ticket hall.
Tufnell Park Lift capacity. No firm proposals.
Warren Street Holding area at base of No firm proposals. upper escalators.
Source: London Underground Limited, 1999, 2000
5.147 The information contained in the table represents the best available information at the time. The contents of the table may change with the Public-Private partnership and the information contained above is by no means committed. Apart from King’s Cross Stage 1 works, there is no expenditure programmed for enhancing station capacity.
204 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 205 (between (between (between Pratt (between Pratt Street and Plender Street) and Plender Street Priory Road and Fairhazel Gardens) Rise) York Highgate Road and Cannon Hill Cannon Place Road Cantelows Road Carlingford Chalcot Crescent Chalcot Road Chalcot Square Charlton Kings Road Chamberlain Street Gardens Chesterford Hill Christchurch Road Cleve Chetwynd Road College Place Gardens Compayne Constantine Road Cotleigh Road Courthope Road Hill Crediton Road Cressy Dartmouth Park Road Denning Road Dennington Park Road Crescent Downside Dunollie Place Dunollie Road Dynham Road Edis Road Egbert Street Elaine Grove (between Highgate (North and South) Road and Ingestre Road) Road and Ingestre Burrard Road Burrard Camden Terrace Canfield Gardens Canfield Place Abbey Road Abbey Abbots Place Gardens Aberdare Achilles Road Acol Road Agamemnon Road Agincourt Road Ainger Road Ajax Road Albert Street Road Aldred Antrim Road/Antrim Grove Ariel Road Augustus Street Gardens Baptist Bartholomew Villas Belsize Avenue Belsize Crescent Belsize Grove Belsize Park Belsize Square Belsize Terrace Road Berkley Road Birchington Bisham Gardens Bolton Road Boscastle Road Bracknell Gardens Road Burghley London Area to determine,Area London firstly, on-street parked of vehicles the number is greatest), residents by space (when demand for and secondly, the side spaces.The of kerb number maximum streets, following where side spaces, kerb 90% of the available demand exceeds overnight are TR1. parked.These on Map illustrated are to be heavily streets considered on-street monitoring the change in through will be reviewed The list below crossovers, of new provision the by parking availability on- which reduce capacity,street 90% just under the of streets re-surveying and through threshold. opportunities further conversions. for residential However, when received, are applications parking conditions will be on-street the overnight the available if demand exceeds 90% of will apply TR18 assessed and policy side spaces. kerb Appendix TR4:Heavily streets Appendix parked London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.148 and 1996 outside the Central in 1994 out surveys The Council carried 5.149 fewer are as there not surveyed was Area The Central London (between Ascham (between (between (Southampton Road (between York (between York Rise and Boscastle Road) and Leighton Road) Street Crescent) to Queen’s End West Kingsgate Road and Lane) Brecknock Road and Lady Road) Margaret Kylemore Road Kylemore Road Lady Margaret Lady Somerset Road Lambolle Place Lambolle Road Lancaster Drive Lancaster Grove Langland Gardens Laurier Road Leighton Crescent Leighton Grove Street Leverton Lindfield Gardens Lisburne Road Lissenden Gardens Lithos Road Road Loveridge Road Lowfield Gardens Lyncroft Malden Crescent Malden Place Malden Road Manstone Road Road Marquis Mazenod Avenue Merton Rise Messina Avenue Modbury Gardens Montpelier Grove Mortimer Crescent Mortimer Place Mortimer Terrace Street Murray Mutrix Road Road Narcissus Nassington Road Netherhall Way End New End Square New North Villas Oak Village Road Oakford Oppidans Road Ospringe Road Pandora Road Parkhill Road Parliament Hill (between (between (between (between Leverton (between Merton (between Hammond Street and BartholomewStreet Road) Road and King Henry’s Princess Road) Primrose Hill Road and Road) Park Regents Rise and Primrose Hill Road) Broadhurst and Greencroft and Greencroft Broadhurst Gardens) and Lady Margaret Street Road) Gardnor Road Gardnor Garlinge Road Avenue Gascony Crescent Gayton Gilden Crescent Gladys Road Road Glenbrook Glenhurst Avenue Glenilla Road Glenloch Road Road Glenmore Gloucester Avenue Goldhurst Terrace Grafton Terrace Gardens Greencroft Road Greville Hampstead Square Hemstal Road Hillfield Road Hilltop Road Road Holford Holmdale Road Road Honeybourne Road Howitt Ingham Road Road Inglewood Street Kelly Road King Henry’s Kingdon Road Fitzroy Road Fitzroy Flask Walk Road Fordwych Fortess Grove Gardens Frognal St Gaisford Elizabeth Mews Elizabeth Esrkine Road Estelle Road Eton College Road Evangelist Road Fairhazel Gardens Falkland Road Road Fawley Road Fellows
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development
5 TRANSPORT 206 5 TRANSPORT 207 (North of (between (Kilburn Place to (between (between Dartmouth Abbots Place) Road and Chetwynd Park Road) Glenbrook Road and West End West Road and Glenbrook Lane) Brecknock Leighton Road and Road) Crescent) Queen’s West Hampstead Mews West Road Willoughby Winscombe Street Road Woodchurch Road Wrotham Rise York Strathray Gardens Strathray Sumatra Road Road Tanza Road Tasker The Mount Square Avenue Torriano Road Twisden Road Ulysses Upper Park Road Mews Wavel Road Weech Road Weedington Walk Well End Lane West (between (between (between (between (between Regent’s (between Regent’s (Ossulston Street (Ossulston Street (North and South) Brookfield Park and Croftdown and Croftdown Park Brookfield Road) Hampstead High Street and Hampstead High Street Fitzjohns Avenue) and Malden Queens Crescent Road) Road and Chalcot Road) Park and St Mark’s Rothwell Street Square) to Chalton Street) St Ann’s St Ann’s Gardens St Augustine’s Road Road St Cuthbert’s Square St Leonard’s Crescent St Mark’s St Thomas’ Gardens Mews Steele’s Steele’s Road Steele’s Villas Stratford Prince of Wales Road Wales Prince of Princess Road Priory Road Priory Terrace Road Provost Quadrant Grove Redhill Street Regents Park Road Rochester Square Roderick Road Rona Road Rondu Road Rosemont Road Street Rothwell Rudall Crescent Crescent Sandwell Road Savernake Sharples Hall Street Walk Shepherd’s Sheriff Road Shirlock Road Road Smyrna Solent Road South Hill Park South Villas Spencer Rise Springfield Lane Springfield Walk Mount Squires St Albans Road Pilgrims Lane Gardens Primrose Prince Arthur Road Parsifal Road Street Peckwater Phoenix Road London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5 TRANSPORT Appendix TR5:Description of highways
5.150 Under the Highways Act 1980, as amended, Camden is the Highway Authority for all highways in the Borough which are not highways for which Transport for London is the Highway Authority, whether or not these are maintainable at the public expense.
5.151 The Highway Authority has a responsibility to maintain all public highways and to determine any changes or improvements accorded by the Highways Act 1980, as amended. In addition, it has duties with regard to regulating the movement of traffic, parking (under the 1984 Road Traffic Regulation Act) and the enforcement of permitted parking spaces (under the 1991 Road Traffic Act).
5.152 Roads for which Camden is the Highway Authority are called Borough Roads. Roads for which Transport for London is the Highway Authority are called GLA Roads.
5.153 Camden consists of a complex and very fine network of roads of differing character. Within this network, the Council has established a road hierarchy in accordance to the criteria set out in section 9 of this chapter (see Table TR2 and the Schedule of Proposals (T10)).
5.154 In addition to Camden’s own road hierarchy, there are other networks within the Borough that have been established individually at a national level. Each network performs a different function, although in some cases this is difficult to distinguish. Camden’s role and position regarding these networks is also different in each case. The following is a brief explanation of these networks and their role within Camden.
Principal and Classified Roads
5.155 These roads are designated by the Secretary of State for the Environment, Transport and the Regions under section 12 of the Highways Act 1980, as amended. The designation has little relevance today, the roads being referred to in very few Statutory Instruments. However, Classified Roads are referred to in the Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development Order) 1995 and planning permission is required for all accesses onto Classified Roads. Appendix TR6 gives a list of all Classified Roads in Camden.
Primary Route Network (PRN)
5.156 These roads form part of the national road network for longer distance movements between and through urban areas. Roads which form the PRN are either GLA Roads or Borough roads.
208 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 209 designated by the Traffic Authority to be traffic sensitive in relation to street in relation sensitive Authority to be traffic Traffic the designated by for roads on these provision special make works.Authority may Traffic The statutory advance notice of works, to give undertakers of starting notice of works. and notice of emergency works Traffic Sensitive Streets (TSS) Streets Sensitive Traffic London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5.157 are Act 1991 Works under the Roads and Street that roads These are 5 TRANSPORT Appendix TR6:Classified roads in Camden
Abbey Road Highgate Road (between Gordon Acton Street House Road and Kentish Town Adelaide Road Road) Albany Street Highgate High Street Avenue Road Hillgrove Road Bayham Street Hunter Street Bayley Street Iverson Road Bedford Square Judd Street Belsize Road Kentish Town Road Bernard Street Kilburn High Road Bloomsbury Way King’s Cross Road Bloomsbury Street Kingsway Brecknock Road Lansdowne Terrace Brunswick Square (south side) Leighton Road (between Torriano Calthorpe Street Avenue and Brecknock Road) Camden Street Lidlington Place Camden Road Malden Crescent Camden Park Road Malden Road Camden High Street Mansfield Road Castlehaven Road Montague Place Chalk Farm Road New Oxford Street Chancery Lane North End Way Charing Cross Road Oakley Square (south side) Charterhouse Street Pancras Road Clerkenwell Road Pancras Way Cricklewood Broadway Parkway Crowndale Road Pentonville Road Delancey Street Pond Street Endell Street Pratt Street (between Bayham Euston Road Street and Camden High Eversholt Street Street) Farringdon Road Prince Albert Road Ferdinand Street Procter Street Finchley Road Quex Road Fitzjohns Avenue Rosebery Avenue Fleet Road Rosslyn Hill Fortess Road Royal College Street Fortune Green Road Russell Square Goodge Street Shaftesbury Avenue Gordon House Road Shoot-up-Hill Gower Street Southampton Place Grays Inn Road Southampton Row Great Queen Street Southampton Road Grenville Street Spaniards Road Guilford Street St. Giles High Street Hampstead Road St. Pancras Way Hampstead High Street Swinton Street Hampstead Road Theobalds Road Hatton Garden Torriano Avenue Haverstock Hill Tottenham Court Road Hawley Road Upper Woburn Place Heath Street West End Lane High Holborn Woburn Place Yo r k Way
210 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 5 TRANSPORT 211 (south of Parkway) (south side) (north of Acton Street) (north of (south of Camden Road) (Avenue Road to Finchley(Avenue Road) (south-east side) (south of Hendon Way) (south of Hendon (Finchley Road to Adelaide Road) (Finchley to Road Euston Road Road Finchley Inn Road Gray’s Hampstead Road Square Harrington Hendon Way Road Cross King’s Lidlington Place Road Pentonville Square Oakley Swinton Street Appendix TR7:Appendix GLA roads Acton Street Adelaide Road Road Avenue Camden High Street Camden Road Camden Street London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development tary Development Plan tary Development i ly parked streets parked ly i Heav ly parked streets parked ly i : Heav :
London Borough of Camden Un London Borough Map TR1 Map Key
5 TRANSPORT 212 5 TRANSPORT 213 n Camden i tary Development Plan tary Development i erarchy erarchy i butor i butor i str i str i Road h c (GLA roads) i : Strateg London D Borough D Borough : London Borough of Camden Un London Borough Map TR2 Map Key 2002-2003 2003-2004 2004-2005 tary Development Plan tary Development i London Cycle Network London : Completed cycle routes 2000-20001 2001-2002 :
London Borough of Camden Un London Borough Map TR3 Map Key
5 TRANSPORT 214 6 HOUSING 217 households housing HG11 Affordable HG12 Visual privacy and overlookingHG13 of amenity space Provision HG14 Mobility and wheelchair housing 233 235 236 235 HG7 the quality of the housing stock Improving HG8HG9 230 accommodation the amount of residential Increasing HG10 230 accommodation Change of use to residential Housing density 230 231 HG1 HG2 floorspace Loss of residential HG3 accommodation Unauthorised loss of residential HG4 accommodation to short-stay Conversion 227 accommodation Loss of range of residential environment quality of the residential 227 HG5 228 HG6 use development Mixed 227 Supporting services and facilities 229 229 7 income and middle low housing for Affordable 8 and quality of design standard Ensuring a good 5 the quality of the housing stock Improving 6 accommodation the amount of residential Increasing 3 accommodation residential existing Protecting 4 the character and Maintaining and improving 1 1 policies Part 2 Introduction 219 222 2 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 6 Housing 6 HOUSING 9 Ensuring the provision of a range of housing
HG15 Provision of a range of housing 237 HG16 Housing mix in schemes for new residential development 238 HG17 Protection of Houses in Multiple Occupation 239 HG18 Mix of units in conversions 240 HG19 Mix of units in conversions 240 HG20 Mix of units in conversions: potential exceptions 241
10 Housing to meet special needs HG21 Hostel accommodation 242 HG22 New hostel accommodation 242 HG23 Accommodation providing an element of care (Class C2) 243 HG24 Gypsies and other travellers 244
218 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 6 HOUSING 219 housing as the priority use of the UDP,and seek to retain accordingly housing purposes, land and buildings for existing residential and to possible. housing stock wherever to the additions net secure environment. of the residential to and local servicesthe accessibility and range of facilities available meet their needs. existing housing stock. units at least 9,135 additional provide to the Borough for requirement and 2001.* 1987 between income households. middle and redevelopment. conversion residential London-wide and local needs. gypsies for and travellers. London-wide provision for targets to 2006,for 6.4. see para repeated and justified here as a framework for Partfor 2 (local) policies: as a framework here and justified repeated SHG1 its land use planning powers, In exercising the Council will regard SHG2 the quality and character will seek to maintain and improve The Council SHG3 and improve communities will seek to sustain residential The Council SHG4 and accessibility of the the quality will seek to improve The Council SHG5 in housing to meet the strategic an increase The Council will promote * SHG6 and low housing for of affordable The Council will seek the provision SHG7 quality of design in all schemes for a good The Council will ensure SHG8 of a range of housing to meet The Council will seek the provision SHG9 improved a contribution towards The Council will seek to make of fundamental importance to the achievement of Camden’s housing of Camden’s of fundamental importance to the achievement objectives.The Council seeks to sustain the long-established residential 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 6.1 been identified in Part I and are policies have strategic The following 6 Housing 1 1 policies Part 6.2 and the existing housing stock is communities of residential The protection 6 HOUSING communities which make up the Borough and provide support for a range of economic and social activities, services and uses. It is also concerned, in line with strategic and local housing objectives, to ensure that housing continues to be available for those seeking to live in Camden.
6.3 It is also important to maintain and improve the quality and character of the residential environment and of the housing stock, by protecting amenity and open space and by promoting and enabling the provision of facilities and services which support local residential communities. Policies throughout the Plan provide a framework for development which seeks to protect residential amenity and environment and which facilitates the provision of shops, open space and social and community services in locations close to people’s homes.
6.4 The Council wishes to promote an increase in the amount of housing in the Borough (subject to the availability of land and buildings with potential for residential use and the achievement of a satisfactory standard of accommodation and environment). Strategic Guidance (1989) sought the provision of 8,000 additional dwelling units within the Borough between 1987-2001. The most recent Strategic Guidance (1996), based on an estimate of the capacity within the Borough for new-build and conversions contained in LPAC advice, revised the figures to 9,700 additional dwellings between 1992-2006. The target is 9,135 additional units between 1987 and 2001. In reality, the number of dwellings that will be built in Camden is largely dependent on the level of activity in the housing market and the availability of land and premises with potential for redevelopment or conversion. The Plan identifies residential use as a priority in schemes for development. It is important, however, that any increase in provision should be in accordance with the Council’s environmental objectives and standards. All new development (including schemes for conversion) should provide housing of an adequate standard and set in a good environment.
6.5 In addition, the Council is concerned to ensure that any increased provision makes a contribution towards meeting both local and strategic needs, including the need to provide a range of housing types and sizes and to provide an element of affordable housing. A range of accommodation is needed to meet a variety of social and economic needs and to meet the changing requirements of households. Sustaining and supporting the residential community, with all its variety, is the central theme of this chapter. To do this,policies are required which protect residential accommodation from development pressures and maximise opportunities to provide housing for those in greatest need, enabling them to stay in the Borough.
6.6 Much of the Borough’s housing stock is of a type and age that does not suit an ageing population or disabled people in general. The Council has a large number of tenants awaiting transfer on medical grounds to accessible accommodation, which is in limited supply. Moreover, the 1991 Census shows a correlation between deprivation and disability. The Council is therefore committed to ensuring that adequate provision is made for disabled people in schemes for development.
220 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 6 HOUSING 221 for many households in Camden (and in London as a whole). in Camden (and households many for Simply the will not solve in the Borough of dwellings the number increasing of adequate supply a more businesses with provide housing crisis nor help of skills.labour with a range and type of in the number an increase Unless there housing can be provided affordable need for houses that meet the type and range of accommodation to be a mismatch in the will continue need. to housing relative provided London’s affect a mismatch would Such of a range availability the and ensure economy ability to sustain a balanced workforce. amongst its resident of occupational skills development the through gypsies for and travellers London-wide provision of an accommodation strategy and the identification (subject to resource sites. appropriate of future and site availability) In all instances, the Council satisfactory equipped to provide that sites are will be concerned to ensure is minimal disruption to the local settled living conditions and that there community. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 6.7 housing is difficult, and affordable Access to appropriate if not impossible, 6.8 improved a contribution towards The Council also wishes to make 2
6 HOUSING 2 Introduction
6.9 This chapter covers all aspects of the provision of housing (both redevelopment and the subdivision of existing accommodation). Residential use is defined in the Glossary and includes three categories in the Town and Country (Use Classes) Order 1987 as follows: • Class C1 hotels, boarding or guest houses • Class C2 residential institutions (for example, nursing homes and residential schools) • Class C3 dwelling houses.
6.10 Polices for residential uses which are outside of a use class (sui generis residential uses), such as houses in multiple occupation (HMOs) and hostels, are also contained in this chapter.
6.11 The stock of hotels in the Borough forms a small but important element within the housing stock, providing temporary residential accommodation not only for visitors, but also temporary workers, those seeking new permanent accommodation and those in London on business. The protection of C1 accommodation is covered by policy HG1. Chapter 11 contains policies for the location of new tourism development including new hotels and changes of use to hotel use.
6.12 Proposals for the redevelopment or re-use of premises within Class C2 are also considered under policy HG1. In such cases, there should be no net loss of permanent residential accommodation existing within the site.
6.13 Houses in multiple occupation and hostels are defined as sui generis (see Glossary). Policies for hostel accommodation are included in section 10 of this chapter. Planning permission is required for a change of use between the residential use categories. Residential use (within Class C2 and C3) is defined as a priority use within the plan (see Part I policy SHG1).
National context
6.14 Planning Policy Guidance Note 3: Housing (2000) states the intention that everyone should have the opportunity of a decent home – that there should be greater choice of housing and that housing should not reinforce social distinctions. The housing needs of all in the community should be recognised, including those in need of affordable or special housing. New housing and residential environments should be well designed and should make a significant contribution to promoting urban renaissance and improving the quality of life.
222 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 6 HOUSING 223 (para. 17). Further “where a local planning “where boroughs should seek to make the maximum contribution to meeting the contribution the maximum should seek to make boroughs of well in London and to encourage the provision housing demands for quality of the the designed housing of all types while safeguarding (para 4.1). environment housing provision.contributing to regional of 9,135 A target of a minimum Camden within the period 1987-2001 is set for completions net additional (see SHG5). household sizes.of housing to meet different of the re-use Currently vacant or underused sites, use schemes and of housing in mixed provision of seen as ways or surplus office space are of redundant conversion of housing. the supply increasing should set out policies for Boroughs emphasises the need to provide sufficient homes within the region to meet within the region sufficient homes emphasises the need to provide (section 1.10). growth the needs of its population and household In provision, this additional best to plan for considering how local authorities of households, to factors such as the age and size regard should have that the needs of all sections of and special needs and ensure affordability met (section 5.1). the population are things, of the whole community,housing requirements the plan for provide wider housing opportunity mix in terms of the and choice and a better size, type and location of housing, communities, mixed to create seek give within urban areas, land previously-developed priority to re-using promote design,good sustainable patterns more and create car dependence reduce of development. housing. housing is a affordable need for It confirms that the community’s account in into be taken which may material planning consideration policies and in deciding planning applications plan development formulating housing.involving on state that: The PPG goes authority has decided, 10 of to the criteria having regard set out in paragraph Circular 6/98, in housing should be provided that an element of affordable of a site,development that such is a presumption there housing should be as part of the site. development provided of the proposed to apply this Failure policy of planning permission” justify the refusal could Housing. Affordable 6/98 Planning and guidance is contained in Circular Strategic context Regional context London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 6.19 set policies which will assist in to calls on boroughs Strategic Guidance 6.20 types different urged to assess the demand and potential for are Boroughs 6.18 (RPG3) states that Authorities London Planning for Strategic Guidance 6.17 the South East (RPG9) Regional Planning Guidance for The government’s 6.16 of affordable further on the provision information PPG3 also provides 6.15 these objectives, to achieve In order authorities should, local amongst other 6 HOUSING affordable housing and for meeting special needs housing such as for those with disabilities, houses in multiple occupation and hostels.
Camden context
6.21 Housing needs and conditions in Camden are assessed on a regular basis. The Council updates its housing strategy in an annual public document, which is the subject of wide consultation. The strategic housing aim is to improve the quality of housing for the people of Camden by: • providing good quality housing services that meet the needs of a diverse community; • maximising investment opportunities to provide sufficient safe, warm and affordable housing; and • promoting and fostering partnerships with all stakeholders which further these aims.
6.22 This purpose reflects the fact that good housing is fundamental to good health, educational achievement and social well-being.
Housing tenure in Camden
6.23 In 1999, around 37% of households in Camden were owner-occupiers, 31% rented from the Council, 9% rented from Housing Associations and 21% lived in the private rented sector.
Housing needs
6.24 There were nearly 8,019 households on the Camden housing waiting list in April 1998 and over 5,875 Council tenants applying for a transfer in April 1999. 1,555 homeless households were accepted by the Council for housing in 1998/99, all of which were considered as being in priority need. This included 934 households with dependant children or pregnant women and 184 requiring specialised dwellings (for example, for older or disabled people), 2,000 households were in temporary accommodation awaiting offers of Council accommodation at the end of September 1998. There is a particular shortage of larger accommodation, and in 1998/99, 33% of households on the housing transfer list required 3 or more bedrooms. Households needing homes with four or more bedrooms had to wait an average of 45 weeks before an offer of permanent accommodation could be made to them. Detailed analysis of applicants and the type of accommodation they require is carried out on a regular basis.
6.25 A Housing Needs Survey was commissioned by the Council in 1999 and carried out by the Opinion Research Corporation International.This found that 14% of all households in Camden were living in overcrowded
224 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 6 HOUSING 225 residents have a disability or long term limiting illness and around 3,000 illness and around a disability or long term limiting have residents their home more to make of adaptation households need some form homes); in unadapted who live suitable including 330 wheelchair users to 28% 19% in 1993/94 from of mental health rose accepted on grounds in 1996/97). conditions (including 20% of all Council and Housing Association tenants). all Council and Housing (including 20% of conditions need and needed to in were 18,100 households around that It also found move, either at least 2 in acute need (requiring 8,500 were of which nearly bedrooms,additional property, an adapted or in a hostel live currently hotel, to lose their homes in the likely a concealed household or are are next 12 months). Special needs sectors.needs in all housing and tenants) where (applicants groups Client health leads to special housing needs include: • (1 in 7 Camden health problems/disabilities people with physical • people; frail elderly • people living with HIV; and • of homeless applicants people with mental illnesses (the percentage homes. living in their own can maintain independent people so that they 1,000 elderly housing for of sheltered Examples include the provision tenants, and other agencies to on wardens frail and rely of whom are many maintain their independence, Social Landlords with Registered and working accessible housing. to promote Shortfall in accommodation in the Borough. In 1997, 800 an additional the Council identified a need for list and transfer if the size of the waiting years five for lettings per annum and cleared. to be reduced list were housing need.not help households in the greatest In 1998, the average house price in Camden was £199,700 – among the highest in London. The and shared home ownership low-cost that even Council has found aims, schemes do not meet its strategic ownership able to it is rarely as the who could afford re-housing awaiting find existing tenants or applicants costs and who could be nominated.A of the population in large proportion income;Camden is on low 28,000 tenants claimed housing benefit in over 18,000 Council tenants. 1998 including over May London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 6.26 special vulnerable and have who are of residents is a high proportion There 6.27 in supporting to play role Housing Department has a key The Council’s 6.28 identified a serious shortfall Survey The Housing Needs in accommodation 6.29 will the Borough occupation in owner for dwellings of more The provision 6 HOUSING Condition of the housing stock
6.30 There is a need for increased investment in all housing sectors in the Borough. London Housing Statistics indicate that in the private sector around 8,700 dwellings are unfit for human habitation. It is estimated that around 1,000 dwellings owned by the Council and by Registered Social Landlords are also unfit. Pressures on Council investment mean that it has had to depart from its rolling programme of external repairs and decoration to ensure that it can meet priorities of keeping tenants safe, warm and dry. It is currently estimated that around £560 million is needed in the Council-owned stock alone.
Maximising the use of existing accommodation
6.31 Planning policies attempt to make available a range of dwelling types and sizes to meet a range of household needs. However, with severe pressure for residential accommodation in Camden, every effort needs to be made to maximise the use of the Borough’s existing housing stock. For example, the Council tackles vacant dwellings in its own stock, whenever financially viable, by carrying out basic repair works to enable void properties to be quickly re-let. It also runs an incentive scheme for tenants who are under- occupying their accommodation to move to smaller homes, thereby releasing larger units for the priority homeless. Sustained management activity has reduced the number of voids within the Council’s own stock to 2% (April 1998).The Council will continue to examine the most effective ways of bringing vacant residential premises in all sectors back into use (for example, initiatives such as Living over the Shop and the use of Compulsory Purchase Orders).
Care in the community
6.32 The NHS and Community Care Act 1990 has had a significant impact on the way in which care is provided for those in special need. The closure of hospital institutions and institutional homes arising from the Care in the Community legislation increases the need for a range of shared and supported self-contained accommodation. The groups most affected include older people, physically disabled people, people with mental health problems, those with addiction problems, people with learning difficulties, people with HIV and AIDS-related illnesses, homeless people, children and families.
226 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 6 HOUSING 227 (para. 4.17). residential accommodation (within Class C2 or C3) into hotel or accommodation (within Class C2 or residential guesthouses (Class C1), hostels,“time-share” flats, holiday occupation accommodation intended for accommodation or short-stay than 90 days. periods of less for floorspace. of large- or re-use the redevelopment In cases involving Class C2,scale institutions within the retention the Council will require in floorspace to that previously of residential of an equivalent amount existence on the site. be made on site should generally Such provision development.as part of a mixed-use an increase involve which Proposals accommodation will be welcomed. in residential The Council will seek, so far as practicable and reasonable, protect to housing. suitable for land considered potential for Land with known of Land Use has been identified in the Schedule development residential Proposals. place, accommodation takes residential the Council will use all available use. to residential to end that use and seek the return powers Conversion to short-stay accommodation to short-stay Conversion HG3 of permanent the conversion resist The Council will normally development from threat and its fringes has come under increasing changes of use, and for redevelopment both for pressures particularly to commerce, retailing, tourism and to temporary uses. leisure The retention C1, floorspace in all uses (including Class of residential C2, C3 and sui a occupation and hostels) will help to provide generis houses in multiple range and variety of accommodation. The net loss of residential the to increase undermine strategic objectives accommodation would of housing within London.provision As Strategic Guidance (RPG3) notes: in housing in meeting the growth will not be effective dwellings “building new stock if the current is diminished without replacement” requirements Unauthorised loss of residential accommodation Unauthorised loss of residential HG2 the loss of lawful change of use involving an unauthorised Where existing residential to safeguard continue The Council will therefore accommodation, land including so far as practicable and reasonable Loss of residential floorspace Loss of residential HG1 which lead to a net loss of residential proposals The Council will resist accommodation London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 3 residential existing Protecting 6.33 years, In recent of London accommodation in the central area residential 6 HOUSING considered suitable for housing. Sites with known potential for residential use are identified in the Schedule of Land Use Proposals. Additional sites suitable for housing may come forward during the Plan period and if necessary will be the subject of planning briefs.
6.34 Proposals for the redevelopment or re-use of large-scale institutions within Class C2 will be assessed having regard to the quantum of permanent residential use (for example, nurses’ accommodation or residential patients’ accommodation) previously in existence on the site. Only this element of the use in question will be regarded as attracting the general presumption against loss of residential use referred to in Strategic Guidance (para 4.17). In such cases, an increase in residential accommodation will be welcomed in line with policy HG8.
6.35 The replacement of permanent residential uses (Class C3 or elements within Class C2 premises) with temporary accommodation undermines the Council’s objectives to meet strategic and local needs for housing, sustain existing residential communities and ensure the availability of labour and a range of occupational skills necessary for the city’s effective functioning. Applications involving a change of use from Class C3 (dwelling house) to Class C2 (accommodation providing care) will be assessed by reference to policy HG23.
Loss of range of residential accommodation
HG4 The Council will seek to ensure that proposals for conversion, improvement or redevelopment do not lead to the loss of types of residential accommodation which meet the existing and anticipated needs of the Borough’s population.
6.36 Development can result in the loss of particular types of accommodation for which there exists a known and established need. Given the difficulties which certain households currently face in gaining access to affordable housing, it is vital that a range of accommodation continues to exist to meet this demand. This accommodation should include housing at the cheaper end of the market, such as houses in multiple accommodation with shared facilities, even where this may provide a standard of amenity that does not include self-containment. HMOs form an important element within the Borough’s housing stock, and, where provided in line with Environmental Health standards, help meet the housing needs of young people and small households on low incomes for whom there are few alternatives. Where standards are not met, the Council will seek their improvement in line with standards. Other types of housing required to meet needs include family housing, special needs housing and hostels. Housing policies HG11 and HG14-22 offer guidance on the provision of these housing types.
228 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 6 HOUSING 229 (provided there is no loss of residential floorspace or amenity) is no loss of residential there (provided facilities, social and community of additional encourage the provision supportopen spaces and local services residential for which provide communities.Wherever possible, the loss of local the Council will resist services and and facilities which support communities residential the character and amenity of the residential contribute towards environment. within Classes C2 or C3) in mixed use schemes,within Classes C2 or C3) in mixed in appropriate where terms of policy RE5. which include 15 developments In mixed-use more, or dwellings to be expects a proportion the Council normally accommodation. as affordable available Borough continues to come under threat, to come under continues Borough the loss through either directly of housing, services facilities and the loss of related through or indirectly community. supportwhich offer to the residential policies The following of the residential central to the protection on issues which are focus in the Borough,community including the expansion of local supporting services and infrastructure. Supporting services facilities and HG6 use areas, and mixed residential Within predominantly the Council will Mixed use development Mixed HG5 floorspace (generally of residential The Council will seek the provision make an important contribution to the Borough’s housing stock and help an important contribution to the Borough’s make and support strengthen local communities. It can also enhance the of activity and ensuring a level by and vitality of areas attractiveness outside normal business hours.The within those areas movement scheme will floorspace in a mixed-use amount of residential appropriate vary case to case. from because of the be appropriate not always may It site and its surroundings, of the nature but the Council will enter into element that can reasonably on the maximum developers with negotiations individual scheme.be expected in any The Council is also concerned to that,ensure appropriate, where in residential significant increases the stock of affordable a contribution towards accommodation make to meet local and strategic needs.housing required with In accordance policy HG11 and in line with PPG3 Housing, with the Council will negotiate this provision. to achieve developers character and quality of the residential and quality of the character environment London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 6.37 of the areas use and mixed residential The character and quality of many 4 the and improving Maintaining 6.38 can use developments element within mixed of a residential The provision 6 HOUSING 6.39 The protection and expansion of local services and facilities plays a vital role in sustaining and supporting residential communities.The provision of such services not only helps to create a thriving residential community and enhances the quality of life of local residents, but can also provide local employment opportunities. Uses which may be acceptable include open spaces, play areas, local shops, schools and other social and community facilities such as churches, nurseries, créches, medical facilities, local Council services and small scale leisure and culture uses (see also chapters 9 and 10).
5 Improving the quality of the housing stock
HG7 The Council will normally grant planning permission for proposals designed to improve existing properties to make them suitable for use by disabled people.
6.40 The Council recognises the wishes of people whose physical condition deteriorates to remain in their existing accommodation, adapted for their needs, rather than seek alternative housing (refer to policy HG14).
6 Increasing the amount of residential accommodation
HG8 The Council will seek an increase in the amount of land in residential use and, subject to the operation of environment policies and development standards, make the fullest use of all vacant or under- utilised sites and buildings considered suitable for residential development.
Change of use to residential accommodation
HG9 Subject to the operation of policies contained elsewhere in the Plan, a change to residential use will be encouraged in existing non-residential buildings that are surplus to requirements, provided an acceptable standard of accommodation can be achieved. Proposals will normally be expected to meet residential development and parking standards contained in the Development Standards chapter.
230 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 6 HOUSING 231 (para 4.8). An “principles development, of sustainable to area and the scale and nature of adjoining development dictates a of adjoining development and the scale and nature area density; higher or lower walk) of public open space and other leisure or ten minutes’ metres opportunities; and recreational adequate play facilities which provide design policies or established local policies or guidelines will be used density; to dictate a higher or lower housing; and public transportCentres nodes. out in DS2 (chapter 16) and densities will be expected to be within the 16) and densities will be expected to out in DS2 (chapter zonal range.appropriate that satisfactory conditions for Provided and development in line with residential can be achieved residents parking standards, in variations to the range of densities specified be permitted in the following may Standards Development circumstances: a compatibility with the existing character of the the need for where b higher densities at locations within easy walking distance (400 cAreas, in Conservation in determining the scale of development d special needs predominantly higher densities in schemes providing e within or close to Major and District higher densities at locations important contribution to this figure will be made by the achievement of the achievement will be made by important contribution to this figure can be accommodated within amount of housing that the maximum and buildings sites on all vacant or under-utilised standards environmental development, residential suitable for considered including those identified in Use Proposals.the Schedule of Land in The Council will seek an increase support the residential for provide use or uses which residential Area. in the Central London communities In all instances, the Council will to standard, is provision residential that additional be concerned to ensure a range of needs for meeting strategic and local contributes towards and sizes, types dwelling accommodation and special including affordable needs housing, of amenity and a deterioration in standards does not lead to or environment. extensions accommodation through in residential Increases of the roof and use (including basement conversions to existing premises to policies (including policies on reference space) will be assessed by in the Plan and in contained elsewhere change of use) and standards Supplementary Planning Guidance. In line with policy EC3, the Council surplus offices (B1a) to priority seeks to encourage changes of use from use and associated supporting activities such as social and residential uses. community at least 9,135 additional units between 1987 and 2001 (for targets to 2006, 1987 and 2001 (for between units additional at least 9,135 see para 6.4).maximise provision The Guidance emphasises the need to this figure,above to regard having housed are and workers residents that as many as possible of London’s ensure within the capital, housing as demand for to the continuing and to respond and household projections” in successive population demonstrated HG10 set against the density standards will be considered Planning applications Housing density London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 6.41 Based on Strategic Guidance (1996),has set a target to provide the Council 6 HOUSING 6.42 When considering density, the objective will be the achievement of good quality housing in a satisfactory environment, with adequate amenity space. The boundaries of the density zones (A-C) are identified on the Proposals Map. Detailed guidance on the range, calculation and measurement of density is given in chapter 16. In each case, the density range has been drawn up so that the minimum is high enough to make the best use of housing sites in the Borough and the maximum low enough to ensure a satisfactory environment compatible with the site’s surroundings. In defining the ranges and areas, the Council has taken account of the different character, accessibility and functions of areas in the Borough and the desire of some residents to live centrally at high densities. It is, however, necessary to assess each proposal according to the nature and location of the site, the character of the area and quality of the environment and the type of housing proposed. This may cause densities to vary not only from site to site but between areas. Variations to the range of densities may be appropriate in the circumstances identified above which are not exhaustive provided that satisfactory conditions for residents can be achieved in line with residential standards and parking standards. Guidance on appropriate densities for specific sites will be contained in planning briefs. In determining schemes for mixed uses which contain residential use, the Council’s assessment will include the density of the residential element. Public open space or other leisure facilities will not be considered to be within easy walking distance of any point if there are serious barriers to pedestrian access such as main roads where there is no safe or convenient crossing point.
7 Affordable housing for low and middle income households
6.43 The issue of affordability is critical to many households in London. Consultants working for the London Planning Advisory Committee estimated that approximately one million households in London have insufficient income to enable them to gain access to satisfactory housing in the private sector. Households in Camden experience particular problems in finding appropriate housing to meet their needs because of the Borough’s central location there is demand both from the existing residential community and from those wishing to move into the Borough. The high demand for all types and sizes of housing has resulted in Camden having the third highest average dwelling price in London (London Research Centre, London Housing Statistics1998) putting owner occupation beyond the reach of low and middle income households. At the same time, a reduction in low cost rented accommodation in the private and public sectors has led to a worsening housing crisis and high levels of homelessness.
6.44 Section 2 above contains a detailed analysis of housing need within the Borough, including the need for affordable housing. Affordable housing encompasses both low cost market and subsidised housing (irrespective of
232 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 6 HOUSING 233 “increasingly, only households without the financial public transport; normally expect new housing developments of 15 or more units and of 15 or more housing developments expect new normally or more, sites of 0.5 hectares residential of of the number irrespective dwellings, need meeting the Borough’s a contribution towards to make housing. affordable for at effort every to secure The Council will make during the Plan period as affordable provided least 25% of all dwellings housing. of provision, this level to achieve In order the Council will contribution that can on the maximum with developers negotiate or individual scheme of 15 dwellings be expected in any reasonably more, considerations: taking into account the following a site size, condition,local services to and facilities, proximity and to b of the scheme, nature and the economics of provision; c demand and need in the area; and d in the area. target and provision of the Borough-wide achievement tenure, or financial – shared or – whether exclusive ownership to occupy cannot afford to people who that will be available arrangements) on the open market. available houses generally Within Camden, open and both rent (for accommodation private residential values for market average. higher than the London much generally sale) are cost market Low local to affordable schemes often will not be ownership or shared residents. In this context, by accommodation of rented the provision Social Landlords,Registered Associations, such as Housing the best provides housing schemes. affordable to bring forward vehicle affordability. housing need and between relationship example, For the main was that they no choice but to move households having by given reason accommodation.The the cost of their present could not afford also survey years 60% of households who bought homes in the last five that recorded than 50% of gross greater on their mortgagehad outgoings which were income.Themonthly to be families was found occupation for cost of owner households children with 47% of 2 adult plus 2 or more prohibitive largely income on their mortgage.The monthly 50% of their gross over paying concluded that Survey to buy in Camden.” of children will be able to afford burden Strategies, to assist local authorities in determining the has guidelines require.Theamount of social housing they housing will affordable need for the Housing from and updated using information monitored be regularly Housing Department records. and from Needs Survey As the Plan period progresses, and monitor the performance review will regularly the Council in HG11). housing target (as expressed of its affordable HG11 appropriate, conditions are market sites and Where the Council will the loss of socially rented housing have contributed towards the shortage contributed towards housing have rented the loss of socially housing.of affordable At the same time, cost of housing, the increasing increased sector have and in the private rented occupation both in owner London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 6.45 of the inter- evidence provided The 1992 Camden Housing Needs Survey 6.46Audit Commission report,Authority Housing The Local Developing 6.47 accommodation and private rented decline of low-cost Factors such as the 6 HOUSING the difficulties experienced by households in gaining access to housing. The impact on the Borough can be seen in rising levels of homelessness and in the effect of the shortage of affordable housing on London’s economy. The provision of affordable housing is particularly important for those who need to live close to their work because of the local nature of the service they provide, and those who may be ‘on call’ or required to work unsocial hours. It also assists labour mobility and enables households on low incomes, including those who might be prevented from taking up employment in the Borough because of a lack of affordable housing, to gain access to the accommodation they need. Planning authorities have a role to play in encouraging and enabling housing providers to create affordable housing and, where opportunities arise, in securing affordable housing provision through legal agreements or planning obligations. The level of housing need in the Borough and the inadequate supply of affordable housing necessitates the use of such agreements to achieve an improved level of provision. The Council considers that it would be reasonable to encourage all new housing schemes, including conversions and mixed use schemes, to make a contribution towards the provision of affordable housing (whilst accepting that the feasibility of making such provision may be influenced by site and market conditions).
6.48 The Council considers that it would be reasonable in most cases to expect new housing schemes of fifteen or more units, including conversions and mixed use schemes, and residential sites of 0.5 of a hectare or more, irrespective of the number of dwellings, to make a contribution towards the provision of affordable housing. Normally at least 25% of the provision on such sites should be affordable housing.The figure of at least 25% of the housing target over the Plan period was derived having regard to the appropriate level of provision in relation to individual sites, an assessment of what might be achievable and the need for a balance between new residential development and an inclusion in affordable provision.The reality is that housing need in Camden (see section 2 above) has been demonstrated as being far greater than even 100% of the Borough’s housing target.
6.49 In determining the level of provision for affordable housing, the Council will enter into negotiations with developers as to the maximum contribution that can be achieved, taking into account the achievement of the Borough’s overall target, local provision and need as well as site and market conditions.Any planning obligations or agreements between developers and the Council will need to be drafted to ensure that the dwellings provided continue to be available as affordable housing for successive occupiers.
6.50 Wherever practicable, the provision of affordable housing should be on-site and include an element of family accommodation. However, the Council acknowledges that even where sites are suitable for on-site provision by reason of their size or site and market conditions, it may be advantageous to seek provision off-site.Therefore, a financial contribution to, or ‘off-site’ provision of, affordable housing may be acceptable where: a there are physical constraints within the site or premises which preclude the achievement of physical separation of affordable and non- affordable elements for management purposes;
234 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 6 HOUSING 235 Council will normally apply the standards for visual privacy and for the standards apply Council will normally 16). set out in DS5 (chapter overlooking space,garden private and/or communal, the size of which will depend on the location of the site, conditions and constraints and its physical the scale and housing mix of the development. costly for a Housing Association or other agency to meet; or other agency Association a Housing for costly to bring it to an affordable the developer from high amount of subsidy level. cases, In such a financial contribution could be used more elsewhere.effectively that high subsidy is defined as one An excessively off- calculating for the formula by exceed the amount calculated would in-lieu; site payments making a financial as to preclude great to be so not considered are housing provision.The off-site affordable precise contribution towards and individual to the viability regard having will be negotiated level of the scheme; circumstances units proposed.overall will be In this case an off-site contribution sought to top up the shortfall; an on-site scheme. for Housing Corporation (or other) funding Provision of amenity space Provision HG13 practicable, Where of accessible the Council will expect the provision Visual privacy and overlooking Visual privacy and overlooking HG12 the development build residential new for In considering proposals their dwelling. a should ensure designed and located dwellings Sensitively b or service the management be too scheme would charges of an on-site c an excessively require housing would of on-site affordable the provision d but these particular are costs associated with the development there e on-site provision, reason, whatever for does not amount to 25% of the f of securing,no likelihood is there time scale, within a reasonable units, seeking fewer in the first case by housing (perhaps affordable each rather than an off-site contribution or some heavily) subsidised more combination of both. of level an appropriate calculating for The formula as Supplementary Planning Guidance.financial contribution is available design London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8 and quality of standard a good Ensuring 6.52 privacy within that people should be able to enjoy recognises The Council 6.51 In cases a) to d) above, still seek an element of on-site the Council may 6 HOUSING sense of privacy and security while avoiding unacceptable overlooking. Detailed standards (which apply to all new build residential developments in the Borough) are contained in chapter 16 (DS5). Supplementary Planning Guidance gives guidance on residential space standards, setting a benchmark for appropriate levels of provision in terms of unit and room sizes.
6.53 It is important that new housing is provided with amenity space which is easily accessible and provides opportunities for safe recreation for all occupiers of a development. The Council recognises that gardens make an important contribution to the quality of life and the health of the community as well as to residential amenity and the visual character of the local environment.
6.54 Historically, large parts of the Borough have been developed for housing with individual houses provided with gardens and this pattern still continues today in most residential areas.The overall pattern of gardens in relation to the built environment in the surrounding area should inform and guide the dimensions and design of new gardens, but in areas generally lacking in open space, larger gardens may be required to redress existing deficiencies in the locality.
Mobility and wheelchair housing
HG14 The Council will seek to negotiate, wherever practicable and reasonable given site conditions, for elements of mobility and wheelchair housing to be included in housing schemes (both redevelopment and conversion).
6.55 Strategic Guidance states that planning policies must make allowance for special needs housing, including housing that is accessible to people with disabilities. The Camden Survey of People with Disabilities and Chronic Sicknesses (1988) estimated that 28,300 people (some 16.5% of the resident population) have a disability or long term health problem (para. 2.3). The survey also confirmed that access to and within the home is a major problem for people with disabilities in Camden. The 1991 Census found that some 22,198 people (13% of all Camden residents) said that they had a disability while 17,646 households (22% of all households in Camden) contained at least one person with a disability. It is estimated that 3% of people with disabilities rely on wheelchairs. It is likely that among Camden residents there are between 700 and 900 people who require accommodation built to wheelchair standards. This does not take into account people using wheelchairs wishing to move into the Borough.
6.56 New housing built to mobility standards will meet the needs of a large proportion of people with disabilities and match the level of suitability and convenience expected by the able-bodied. The provision of mobility housing, including schemes for conversion, will also increase opportunities for people with disabilities to visit other people’s homes. Increasing the availability of accessible housing will not only enable more disabled people to live independently but will also assist in recognising the rights of disabled people to have a choice in the location and quality of their accommodation.
236 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 6 HOUSING 237 size and type, and economic needs of the to meet the physical in the population and will particular encourage an increase Borough’s housing. of affordable provision generally result in a change in the size and type of accommodation in a change result generally available.mix of unit sizes and types of accommodation It is essential that a within the flexibility and movement to ensure to be provided continues housing stock. form. in their present be used most usefully example, For during the past in the conversion) (through has been a general reduction decade there sized units available. of family number by use Smaller houses suitable for and need to be scarce becoming more families or large households are conversion, from protected of larger the conversion whilst schemes for units. family-sized houses need to include replacement been has also There in the available in the amount of accommodation a significant reduction occupation). bedsits and houses in multiple sector (especially private rented households, of Camden’s Many particularly single people, dependent on are this sector to meet their housing needs. HG15 of a variety of housing, The Council will seek the provision in terms of contribution to the character of the Borough.A range of accommodation is housing stock, within the Borough’s required in terms of type and size, to experience particular who may cater to those individuals and groups accommodation.difficulties in finding appropriate special Such housing for an element of care, provides needs can include accommodation which that for and people with disabilities and provision the elderly for adapted students. In particular,housing is of affordable in the provision an increase to policies HG5 and HG11). (refer in the Borough required Housing contribution towards valuable an extremely to make associations continue a range of housing,providing special needs housing. including Definitions of mobility and wheelchair housing are given in the glossary. given housing are of mobility and wheelchair Definitions Supplementary further into and advice on access gives Planning Guidance within buildings. Building advised to consult the Council’s Applicants are Service the design process. stage in Control at an early of housing London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 9 of a range provision Ensuring the 6.59 Finally, that can of types of dwelling the retention is a need to secure there 6.58 Secondly, development, schemes for build or conversions, either new 6.57 an important makes The variety and choice of accommodation available 6 HOUSING Housing mix in schemes for new residential development
HG16 The Council will seek to ensure that new residential development schemes include a mix of housing types and sizes. In determining the appropriate mix for all such schemes, the Council will take into consideration: a the range and sizes of dwelling units best suited to individual site conditions and the locality; b the need for accommodation suitable for families or large households; c the need for special needs housing; and d marketing considerations.
The Council will welcome schemes which provide: i 50% or more of accommodation suitable for families or larger households (4 or more bed spaces; i.e. three or more bedrooms); ii family accommodation located at ground floor level with direct access to private garden space (or within 400m of public open space); iii a proportion of units with more than four bedspaces suitable for large families; and iv a mix of smaller unit sizes, the majority of which should comprise at least two habitable rooms (i.e. separate living room and bedroom).
6.60 The Council considers it important to seek to influence the mix of units in residential schemes to ensure a range of accommodation is provided within the Borough’s housing stock in terms of type and size.This is needed to meet the housing needs of residents and people in housing need in Camden and to help maintain flexibility of movement within the housing stock. It will also enable those who wish to move to Camden to find the right type of accommodation to meet their needs.
6.61 Over the past decade, a high level of conversion activity relative to new residential development has yielded a significant increase in the provision of small units.Whilst Strategic Guidance recognises that there is a trend towards an increasing number of small households, there has been an increase in homelessness for both families and single people.The likely effect of conversions of residential property is to provide no net increase in family accommodation. In the light of this imbalance, and in view of the limited availability of land with potential for new residential development, the Council considers it appropriate to encourage the provision of family accommodation in schemes for new residential development. Successful application of this policy is likely to lead to no more than 19% of new houses provided being suitable for families compared with about 25-28% of households which may require them. In addition, larger dwellings have a flexibility which small units lack, although, of course, some small households do occupy larger dwellings through inertia or choice which reduces their availability. Wherever possible, families should have access to gardens or
238 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 6 HOUSING 239 The Council, ‘there is little doubt that the decline‘there in the private which would result in the loss of housing in multiple occupation which occupation in multiple in the loss of housing result which would with,comply of reaching, capable or are and Act standards Housing this use to continue. is a demonstrable need for there where the private rented sector and,the private rented in particular, the loss of small non-self- contained units and bedsits, of access to problems has led to increasing housing,suitable and affordable single people and for particularly young for alternatives. few are whom there incomes for people or couples on low As Authority Role (Audit the report the Homeless:The entitled Housing Local Commission, 1989) states, sector has contributedrented to the rise in homelessness.’ therefore, in the loss (without result which would proposals seeks to resist of such accommodation.replacement) However, an exception to the above the or change of use is for the conversion where be considered policy may benefit of existing residents. a corporate strategyMultiple Occupation (1992) emphasises the need for of HMOs. the quality and provision to improve The Council will use Environmental under other legislation (such as the available powers a satisfactory of Act 1990) to ensure standard minimum Protection accommodation is maintained in HMOs. The Council is considering how of HMOs and the planning implications of the provision best to approach HMOs and will, new to create proposals if necessary, consider developing stage. incorporation into the UDP at the review policies on this matter for Protection of Houses in Multiple Occupation of Houses Protection HG17 change of use and conversion for proposals The Council will resist housing stock. an importantsector forms element within the Borough’s It and as helping to meet a known the stock as well flexibility within provides among young accommodation (especially low-cost established need for people and single person households).There of such is a diminishing supply accommodation, the schemes for through threatened which is frequently owner-occupation. units for into self-contained of properties conversion or development, of conversion When lost as a result such accommodation to be replaced. is unlikely public open space where children can play in safety. in can play children space where public open Supplementary space standards, on residential guidance gives Planning Guidance a setting in terms of unit and room of provision levels appropriate benchmark for sizes.floor which do ground above provided units are family-sized Where access to a garden,not have gardens, roof of the provision or terraces balconies will be encouraged, 4. to policies in chapter subject London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 6.64 Management Guide on Houses in The Department of the Environment 6.63 within in the amount of accommodation available The general reduction 6.62 occupation within the private rented Accommodation in houses in multiple 6 HOUSING Conversions
6.65 Conversions have made an important contribution towards meeting the requirement for at least 9,135 additional units to be provided in the Borough between 1987 and 2001. The exact level and nature of that contribution in future years will depend on the level of conversion activity sustained by the market, the supply of properties with potential for conversion and the operation of planning policies designed to maintain a range of accommodation within the Borough.The Council seeks to control conversion activities through the application of long established policies and standards towards maintaining a range of accommodation types and sizes within the Borough in order to provide a good standard of accommodation and amenity. The Council is also mindful of the potential disadvantages associated with widespread conversion activity. These include reductions in the amount of housing suitable for families and larger households, a threat to lower priced accommodation in the private rented sector, and a lowering of standards of amenity and environmental quality caused by increased noise, increased demand for parking space and loss of privacy.The Council has identified heavily parked streets, outside the Central London Area, where additional off-street parking provision cannot be provided in line with environmental and parking standards and where the number of units provided in schemes for conversion will be restricted (see policy TR18 in chapter 5).
Mix of units in conversions
HG18 The Council will normally only permit the conversion of houses (or further sub-division of an existing flat or maisonette) to take place where the property (as existing) is capable of providing a minimum of one large unit (four or more bedspaces i.e. three or more bedrooms) and a one bedroomed unit (two bedspaces). The Council may consider a different mix in the light of the following considerations: a special needs housing; b constraints on a building, such as it being listed; c viability of individual schemes; d marketing considerations.
HG19 Schemes for conversions will be required to provide: a at least one large sized unit (4 or more bed spaces; i.e. three or more bedrooms) with, wherever possible, direct access to private amenity space; and b an overall mix of unit sizes, to be determined by the size and suitability of the property. The majority of these should comprise at least two habitable rooms (i.e. a separate living room and bedroom). Wherever possible, units providing five or more bedspaces should be created.
240 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 6 HOUSING 241 repair to such an extent that an alternative mix would be mix would an alternative to such an extent that repair acceptable; and conversion in the light of the following factors: in the light of the following conversion a of special needs housing; the provision bbuilding such as it being listed; constraints on a c in need of are properties of individual schemes where the viability d considerations. marketing terms of size and type, experience who may of those individuals and groups particular difficulties in finding accommodation.can include Such housing an element of care,accommodation which provides the for adapted that students. for disabilities and provision with physical and people elderly It of residential and all forms includes a range of sui generis hostel provision within Class C2. care accommodation which provide housing stock,accommodation within the Borough’s including housing for rent, housing and housing to meet a variety of special needs. affordable The Council supports the contribution to housing variety than can be made by housing associations, which allocate and other organisations co-operatives Mix of units in conversions:Mix of potential exceptions HG20 mix in schemes for a different consider allowing The Council may range of accommodation within the Borough, including houses and larger occupation. single household or family units suitable for Larger units of household sizes, a range be used by flexibility and can provide including families.The is conversion suitable for considered size of property minimum a larger unit, to be one that can accommodate considered together with a unit.one-bedroomed to be required will generally conversion for Schemes occupation. of family one larger unit capable at least retain This is of the stock of is no furthernecessary that there erosion to ensure families or larger households,accommodation suitable for whilst making in units provided of dwelling in the total number an increase for allowances the Borough. the further (including sub-division conversion All schemes for and standard a good provide of existing flats and maisonettes) should deterioration in amenity for any quality of accommodation without causing existing tenants and residents. Supplementary gives Planning Guidance space standards,guidance on residential setting a benchmark for sizes. in terms of unit and room of provision levels appropriate It is particularly can be made important arrangements adequate and secure that storage. refuse off-street access to each household space and for for London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 6.67 is housing aimed at meeting the particular Special needs housing needs, in 6.68 of of a range maintain and encourage the provision The Council seeks to 10 Housing to meet special needs 6.66 of a (and provision) the retention The Council is concerned to secure 6 HOUSING on the basis of housing need, particularly those which seek to meet special needs. This contribution is especially important in view of the decline in the public rented sector and the difficulties of providing well-managed, affordable housing for successive generations in the private sector. The Council actively supports the work of registered housing associations and co-operatives within the Borough and seeks, through close co-operation, to maintain and improve existing partnership arrangements.
6.69 Camden is one of only five authorities which has within its boundaries leading hospitals for the treatment of AIDS-related conditions. Special housing needs include the provision of wheelchair accommodation and domiciliary support.
Hostel accommodation
6.70 The Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) (Amendment) Order 1994 excludes hostels from a specific use class. Planning permission is therefore required for a material change of use from hostels to alternative uses including hotels, boarding or guest houses (and vice versa). Many hostels in the Borough (especially those set up by a named organisation) make provision for those in need.The single homeless, people who are mentally ill or disabled, women who have experienced domestic violence and students often rely upon the provision of hostel accommodation to meet their housing needs.
HG21 The Council will resist proposals for the loss, without adequate replacement, of hostel accommodation.
6.71 Hostels can make a particular valuable housing contribution towards meeting accommodation requirements for people in greatest need. The loss of such accommodation (without replacement) where there is a known and established need can lead to increased homelessness amongst people for whom alternative sources of accommodation are severely limited. Where such accommodation becomes genuinely surplus to requirements, the Council will normally seek the provision of residential use.
New hostel accommodation
HG22 The Council will permit proposals for new hostel accommodation or for the expansion of existing hostel facilities provided there is no net loss of permanent residential floorspace, or the displacement of an associated service use in the Central London Area. The Council may consider imposing conditions on the grant of planning permission (or seek an agreement) restricting the occupation of the hostel accommodation to a named organisation or institution.
242 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 6 HOUSING 243 (Residential Institutions), be satisfied that both the Council will need to use.Where the proposed suitable for and locality are the premises the Class C3 to Class C2, of use from a change involves proposal the that type of for requirement Council will need to be satisfied that the demonstrable harm any outweighs accommodation within the area of residential loss of other forms the be caused by which would accommodation or uses. justified in certainjustified in circumstances. will reduce hostel provision Increased sector, on the private rented pressure end of the the cheaper at especially market. often with varyingof client groups a range cater for Hostels needs. the land use implications of any to be able to assess fully In order change in requirements,imposing conditions on consider the Council may the restricting permission (or seek an agreement) the grant of planning or accommodation to a named organisation occupation of the hostel institution. included colleges where Examples of named organisations to be located close to the educational students needs for provision establishment, housing associations, staff providing and employers charities at short their place of work who need to reach those accommodation for hours. notice or outside business the loss of permanent residential and preventing communities (SHG1) and associated serviceaccommodation in Classes C2 and C3 uses Area. in the Central London Accommodation providing an element of care an element of care Accommodation providing (Class C2) HG23 use within Class C2 residential for When considering proposals temporary support or require to learn or regain some stage in their lives living. independent the skills for such accommodation may The need for including illness, reasons a range of arise for disability, severe old age or vulnerability, adequate support people can be although with many supported homes. in their own In addition, in the under the Care initiative,Community leaving of people are number an increasing to find homes within the community. and having institutional care residential accommodation in the Borough for those people who require an those people who require for accommodation in the Borough residential and support.element of care type of accommodation (Class C2), This of an element of care, provision the characterised by and quite distinct houses), Class C3 accommodation (dwelling from can include homes for people,elderly homes, nursing schools, residential homes for community people,young is an element of care housing and hostels where sheltered provided. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 6.73 residential The Council places a high priority on sustaining existing 6.72 be of hostel accommodation may The Council accepts that an expansion 6.75 of care, people need some form Many whether temporary or long-term, at 6.74 is made within the range and variety of It is important that provision 6 HOUSING 6.76 The Council wishes to support the provision of a range of accommodation and particularly welcomes the contribution that housing associations can make towards meeting special housing needs. In all instances, the Council will be concerned to ensure that provision is located close to or within easy reach of essential services (such as shops and public transport). The Council wishes to see a variety of types of residential accommodation in the Borough whilst sustaining existing residential communities. It will therefore need to be satisfied that there is a genuine need in the area for the type of accommodation proposed and that there will not be an over- concentration of such uses within the local area’s housing stock.
Gypsies and other travellers
6.77 The Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 has repealed the statutory duty on local authorities (under Sections 6 and 7 of the Caravan Sites Act 1968) to provide and manage sites to meet the accommodation needs of gypsies and other travellers (henceforth referred to generically as ‘travellers’). Consequently, paragraph 9 of Circular 1/94 Gypsy Sites and Planning stresses that it becomes all the more important for local authorities to make adequate provision within unitary development plans so as to discourage unauthorised camping on inappropriate sites. Circular 18/94 Gypsy Sites and Unauthorised Camping further recommends that local authorities operate a ‘non-harassment policy’ towards travellers in this regard.
HG24 The Council will seek as far as practicable to meet the accommodation needs of gypsies and other travelling people through the identification of suitably located sites for temporary or long-term use. Regard will be had to the provision of basic on-site facilities, the proximity to local shopping and community services and the safeguarding of residential amenity, environment and transport conditions in the local area. The Council will be particularly concerned to ensure that there is no adverse impact arising from vehicular movements and other activities on site.
6.78 The Council recognises the needs of travellers within the Borough, many of whom have established local connections and have developed links with local schools, nurseries and other services. The Council is also aware that they are often discriminated against in terms of access to services and the lack of recognition of their way of life.
6.79 Since 1985, Camden has implemented a policy for travellers which has allowed some to stay and become settled in the Borough. This approach has been accompanied by regular site monitoring which has proved effective in limiting unauthorised occupations. As part of the Council’s overall strategy, it has sought and obtained planning permission for three existing occupied sites at Carol Street, Castlehaven Road and Dalby Street. Works to upgrade all three sites in a manner commensurate with that required for permanent site provision for travellers has recently been completed as a result of grant aid received from the former Department of
244 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 6 HOUSING 245 the Environment. towards a contribution to make The Council also wishes of the development through travellers for London-wide provision improved and strategyan accommodation (subject to resource and the identification sites. appropriate of future site availability) In all instances, the Council will satisfactory to provide equipped sites are that be concerned to ensure is minimal disruption to the that there and travellers living conditions for local settled community. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 7 Economic activities 7 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
1
1 Part 1 policiesIES 249 1
2
2 Introduction 251
3 Access to employment EC1 Créche and nursery facilities 254 EC2 Home working 254
4 Retention of employment uses EC3 Retention of employment uses 255
5 Business development (class B1) EC4 Areas with potential for business development 258 EC5 Accommodation for small firms 259 EC6 Range of business provision 260
6 Other employment uses EC7 Transhipment facilities (Class B2) 262 EC8 Aggregate facilities (Class B2) 262 EC9 Storage and distribution (Class B8) 263
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 247 7 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES 249 international economic role of parts of Central London,international economic role local promoting possible a reduction wherever and London-wide linkages and fostering resources. in the need for to match the needs, resident skills and qualifications of London’s workforce. small firms),(including accommodation for a range of suitable for business activities. of public transport accessibility and with a high level areas towards scale and form,designed to an appropriate taking account of the and the quality of the potential impact on transportation networks environment. repeated and justified here as a framework for Partfor 2 (local) policies: as a framework here and justified repeated SEC1 the strategic and The Council will seek to conserve and strengthen SEC2 uses of a range of employment the development The Council will foster SEC3 of a range of business premises The Council supports provision the SEC4 expansion of business uses is directed than any The Council will ensure that the London economy help ensure economic base which could not only business services, on financial and is less vulnerable to its reliance but also needs,help meet the varied employment of the skills and qualifications workforce.resident Certainly, Camden the range of occupations held by by opportunities will best be provided suggests that employment residents maintaining a wide range of jobs associated with a variety of land uses. the most suited to the skills and qualifications of those who remain in inner London.vulnerable to unemployment Whilst the planning process international pressures and wishes to play a part in promoting London as a a part in promoting and wishes to play international pressures trade and business. of international centre world in the An increase opportunities of employment is fundamental to and diversity number at a time of significant economic competitiveness the city’s improving and change.restructuring 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 7.4 jobs of manual is particularly The Council concerned to assist the retention 7.1 been identified in Part 1 and are policies have strategic The following 7 Economic activities 1 1 policies Part 7.3 of a broad is concerned to encourage the development The Council 7.2 to external and the vulnerability of the economy recognises The Council 7 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES alone cannot stem the decline in manufacturing and address mismatches between labour availability, skills and jobs, it can assist the process of regeneration and economic development through the identification of locations and sites where employment uses can most appropriately be accommodated and by fostering the development of a range of economic activities including a range of uses within the Business Use Class. It will also be important, wherever possible, to secure access to employment and training to enable local residents to benefit from economic regeneration.
7.5 The quality and character of the environment are key factors influencing the attractiveness of the Borough as a place in which to live and work and visit.The Council has long been concerned about the cumulative impact of business developments on the quality of life for local residents and seeks to minimise the impact of new business development on local amenity and environment. Measures to protect and enhance the environment will not only meet the prime objective of improving the quality of life for local residents, but will also assist in promoting the overall image and attractiveness of London as a World City. The Council is particularly concerned to ensure that development in the Borough is sustainable, that the amenity and character of the local environment is respected and enhanced and that development pressures do not lead to the displacement of residential and community uses and open space.The Council will therefore play a positive role in identifying areas with potential for business expansion where growth (and qualitative improvements in business floorspace) may most appropriately be accommodated.
250 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 7 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES 251 “careful attention to “careful environmental issues makes good economic sense for business and industry” economic sense for good issues makes environmental (para 2). the opportunity plans offer to Para 10 notes that development the length and in locations which minimise development encourage new of trips,number vehicle. motor by especially asked Planning authorities are industry for and commerce, is sufficient land available that there to ensure needs. different is a variety of sites sufficient to meet and that there and Small Firms (1992) emphasises the importance of balancing and economic considerations,environmental noting that: form and location of economic activities within the Borough. and location of economic activities form term The encompasses a wide range of uses.economic activities is This chapter associated with the implications concerned with the employment principally of economic activities (including, and development growth example, for in general) and with uses which fall employment policies on access to B1 (business);within Use Classes B2 (general industry) and and B8 (storage distribution). in job opportunities,include an increase support and local goods for and in the environment services investment direct and the potential for transport systems. in activity could also help strengthen An increase markets. within world economic base and its competitiveness London’s of disadvantages associated with an However, a number are there expansion of economic activity, of in the number including an increase in the an increase for and pressure attracted into the Borough commuters private vehicles, of trips made by number leading to congestion and pollution, degradation.environmental towards and contributing The land could,demand for increased if unchecked, to the displacement of lead other uses, those which help to sustain local residential especially facilities and open space). example social and community (for communities In addition, such as shopping use areas mixed and vitality of the diversity to allowed activity were of economic one form if be affected could centres predominate. it can be accommodated without and where it is appropriate activity where the amenity, affecting adversely and character of the local diversity environment, on the the impact of such developments and seek to control environment. In so doing, a balance between strike the plan attempts to of conservation, and the interests the needs of development whilst taking and transport. account of the impact on the environment careful National context 2 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 7.9 Guidance Note 4: Planning Policy Development Industrial and Commercial 7.7 economic activity within the Borough benefits of increased The perceived 7.8 support in economic an increase therefore The policies in this chapter 27.6 Introduction which influence the appropriate objectives Part of key 1 outlines a number 7 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES 7.10 Planning Policy Guidance Note 13:Transport (1994) emphasises the desirability of influencing the location of new development relative to transport provision. Local authorities are urged to adopt policies to locate major generators of travel demand in existing centres which are highly accessible by means other than the private car (para 1.8).
Regional context
7.11 RPG9: Regional Planning Guidance for the South East (1994) seeks to provide a framework for economic growth to maintain and develop the South East’s competitive position in Europe and to give employment to its people (para 1.7). One of the key challenges facing the South East is to achieve development that is compatible with the objectives of sustainable development.
Strategic context
7.12 RPG3: Strategic Guidance for London Planning Authorities (1993) encourages “economic development that is compatible with its environmental objectives” (para 3.5). Part of this process should include: • identifying sites which should be retained for employment generating uses (para 3.6 and para 3.21); • keeping under review assessments of the demand and potential demand for industrial and business land (para 3.6); • promoting positive policies for distribution, warehousing and freight movement, including identifying sites and assisting in making land available (para 3.24); and • identifying and justifying those areas where restrictions should apply to the B1 Use Class (paras 3.18 and 3.21).
7.13 Within Central London, the guidance states at para 2.26 that although office uses should remain concentrated in the Central Area, especially within walking distance of the main railway termini and stations, offices should not predominate everywhere.
Camden context
7.14 Camden forms part of Central London and hence plays a role at strategic and international as well as local levels in terms of its economic activities. One of the most significant factors influencing the direction of policies is the complexity of the metropolitan labour market. This comprises not only Borough residents and workers from across London, but also long-distance commuters. In 1991, there were some 34,000 Borough residents working in Camden, compared with a daily inflow of some 162,000 workers. This not only means that the Borough’s resident workforce has to compete for jobs with a workforce that extends across the whole of London and
252 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 7 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES 253 occupations and skill areas. and enhance this The Council seeks to protect local residents, access for opportunitiesrange of employment and improve its the operation of land use planning policies and through through activities. economic development and B8, in opportunities employment for the Council seeks to promote other sectors, such as retailing, services, and professional public construction, tourism, catering, transport and communication. In each case, need and a balance between the Council will be concerned to strike demand, wherever of benefit to local residents existing uses to retain beyond, services, is placed on local considerable pressure but also that the and transport networks. environment in differences are that there shows the 1991 Census from Information ethnic groupings. different between employment is lowest Unemployment white,for Indian, (9-13%), groups Asian and other Chinese and is highest for (32% and 29%) (the census African groups Bangladeshi and Black benefit of unemployment than the number count was higher unemployment the same month).claimants for men are rates for Unemployment women. higher than for considerably among Camden Unemployment 1993, has been falling since residents at January but stood at more 2000 than 7,000, men, 11% for – workforce 8% of the resident women. 5% for active (16% of economically women that more The Census also shows part males) work time. active then men (4% of economically females) males and 12% of white active Some 20% of the white economically in self-employment.Among were females active economically the non-white ethnic groups, self-employed who were active the range of economically the least varied significantly. were African females Bangladeshis and Black the most likely 3%) and Indian males were (only to be self-employed likely (26%). to be self-employed premises. is that the local economy However, to show is evidence there small firms,dominated by small demand for suggesting a continuing premises. In 1997, than 10 no more of all Camden firms employed 87% people. with integrates economic development and strategic role Camden’s considerations.Attransport and environmental the same time, it is the range of business uses in the Borough. important to protect London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 7.18 opportunities employment in a range of provides The local economy 7.19 classes B1, deals with uses falling within principally chapter Although this B2 3 Access to employment 7.15 Camden. within and unemployment Part details of employment I gives 7.16 At the local level, small about the demand for is little information there 7.17 In conclusion,to maintain which seeks is required a policy framework 7 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES possible, and protect and improve the quality of the environment and amenity for all those living and working in (or visiting) the Borough. The Council also seeks the provision of a high quality and standard of accommodation and good working conditions for employees.
7.20 The Council will welcome proposals for employment development which result in improved access to jobs and training opportunities for local people.The Council is concerned not only to increase the number of jobs available to local residents, but also to improve access to good quality employment opportunities by groups disadvantaged in competing for jobs by difficulties such as disability, inadequate access to training, age, travel disadvantage, the need to care for children or other dependants, or discrimination in the operation of the labour market. Specific measures which could help meet this objective include providing new jobs for unemployed residents of the Borough directly as a result of negotiated access and training packages, and facilitating access to a wide range of employment opportunities for black and ethnic minority residents, women and people with disabilities. The Council will encourage applicants to make appropriate provision for local recruitment, appropriate to the scale and nature of the development being proposed.
Créche and nursery facilities
EC1 The Council will encourage schemes for development which provide work-related créche and nursery facilities.
7.21 Although demographic, social and economic trends such as the reduced number of 16-19 year olds, the rise in the number of women with children participating in the workforce and recruitment difficulties in the labour market have stimulated interest in making it easier for women with caring responsibilities to work, in practice significant constraints upon full participation remain.These include poor provision of childcare, the physical separation of residential areas from work areas and the constraint upon job choice of women seeking work close to home.The projected growth of women in the labour force is unlikely to be achieved without policies and practices which enable women with young children or other caring responsibilities to return to work or join the workforce for the first time. Principal among these are the development of a variety of childcare options (including workplace créche and nursery facilities) to meet a range of needs and the development of a policy framework which enhances employment opportunities for women closer to home.The Council will therefore encourage the provision of workplace créche and nursery facilities, acknowledging that this may only be viable in large scale employment developments.
Home working
EC2 Where planning permission is required, the Council will assess proposals which involve working from home in the light of residential and environment policies and standards.
254 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 7 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES 255 be suitable for continued employment use.The employment continued be suitable for permit Council will only planning or change of use of land and buildings (where redevelopment B1-B8 use (within Class one employment from permission is required) and Country 1987) to Planning (Use Classes) Order Town of the land and use where use or to a non-employment another employment of: use on grounds continued unsuitable for considered buildings are a accessibility; b size; c location; d condition. In considering such proposals, to the regard the Council will have supply, employment suitable for variety and choice of sites which are use, in the particular firstly class, use in employment and secondly generally. to identify and retain of seeking An exception to the general approach be use may employment continued suitable for considered premises made, areas, in appropriate office changes from in the case of proposed use (B1a) to other uses. In such cases, a change to permanent residential, uses, or social and community will be particularly welcomed. some, with those example for necessity (for at home is a working or other caring with childcare personal mobility or restricted it), job requires and those whose responsibilities others it is convenient for and suits their needs. employment increase only at home can not Working home) started from small businesses are opportunities and flexibility (many need to travel. the but can also reduce of character or enjoyment the overall business purposes does not affect for as a private residence,the property the business is solely and provided in question. the dwelling the occupier of by undertaken However, if the (for use) becomes dominant or intrusive business (or other non-residential example, due to traffic generation, noise disturbance, fumes, or the number planning permission will be required.of people employed) The Council will stock and to housing the Borough’s at all times be concerned to protect and environment. amenity residential preserve EC3 which it considers to sites and premises to retain The Council will seek match the needs, workforce. skills and qualifications of the Borough’s They the need to travel.also seek to reduce possible the Council Wherever uses (within land and buildings in employment seeks to retain therefore Classes B1, uses. a change to non-employment B2 and B8) and to resist London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4 uses Retention of employment 7.23 the use of partdwelling of the provided Planning permission is not required 7.22 can be an important home of earning a living. means from Working For 7.24 uses to of a range of employment policies seek the retention The Council’s 7 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES The Council is especially concerned to resist the loss of good quality sites particularly suited (by virtue of their location, nature or juxtaposition to other uses) to continued employment use.This approach is especially important given the limited supply within the Borough of land and premises suitable for employment uses.The Council will also seek to ensure that suitable land and buildings within specific employment use classes, such as B2 (General Industry) and B8 (Storage and Distribution), are retained in such uses.
7.25 The Council recognises, however, that some sites and premises may not be considered suitable for continued employment use on environmental, amenity or transport grounds. The Council will make an assessment of each site’s suitability for continued employment use on a case by case basis (and having regard to any recent survey material available), applying the four criteria in the policy as follows:
Size
7.26 The size and shape of a site will determine its suitability for employment activities.Whilst there are numerous smaller sites in the Borough which are strongly valued for their small-scale employment use potential there is a very limited number of larger sites over 1,000 sq m available, particularly those suited for warehousing and light industrial uses.The Council will normally resist the loss of all such sites over 1,000 sq m as these provide flexibility for a wider variety of employment opportunities.The availability and need for smaller sites will also be a material consideration.
Accessibility
7.27 For larger sites or sites where extensive vehicle movements may be generated, the Council will consider both general access to the site from the surrounding highway network and the potential for on-site access and servicing. Lack of on-site access will not necessarily be a reason for allowing loss of sites. Many smaller sites can be well located without the need for such access. Proximity to public transport networks will also be relevant.
Condition
7.28 The condition of buildings, their physical suitability for re-use and the viability for refurbishment will all be taken into account.Applicants will be expected to supply relevant supporting material where this is an issue.The physical suitability of a site may cover a range of issues which could include ceiling heights, floor area and loadings, the age and condition of a building and the ability for goods to be loaded and unloaded.
256 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 7 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES 257 Location will be considered.“bad- activities and to other employment Proximity neighbour” uses, lines, such as railway a siteís retention will tend to favour use. employment for of other suitable sites.the availability re-use productive for prospects The considered.of a site will also be so, In doing of other suitable the availability sites, purposes and the employment for the viability of development into account.These such activities will be taken demand for will be level.Applicants and strategic at a Borough-wide considered will be requested, necessary, where to enable this information to supply out.Whereassessment to be carried to satisfactory is produced evidence the land of demand to use prospect is no realistic demonstrate that there uses, employment or buildings for a consider allowing Council may the uses as an exception to policy.change to non-employment It is, however, use employment continued suitable for highly that sites which are unlikely will be permitted to change to other uses. policies and standards.The Council will with the Plan’s accordance use (in Classes of priority residential particularly encourage the provision C2 or C3) and supporting uses, uses and such as social and community open space. occur include changes from may such changes Examples where Study (1993) showed Central London Capacity office floorspace.The LPAC of second hand office accommodation oversupply is an excessive that there within London, the Plan period. throughout to continue which is likely Many a full range of business uses other not be suitable for of these buildings may than offices, into residential, conversion but be suitable for and community Victorian buildings originally and other uses (examples include Georgian use). domestic designed for Generally, the Council will encourage such re- considered premises use as an exception to the general thrust of retaining use. employment continued suitable for However, the clause in the policy be permitted and is not intended to imply suggests that such changes may of the Borough. in all areas applicability universal of office The availability parts of the Borough,floorspace in different as a whole the Borough across and will influence the under review London is being kept and across operation of this clause. B1(a) to non-employment Changes of use from 14). (see section 7 of chapter uses will not be permitted in Hatton Garden acceptable, is considered re-use Where the Council will seek to encourage permanent rather than temporary re-use, an for preference a strong with accommodation. in residential increase London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 7.29 uses, to residential Proximity to residents and the possibility of disturbance 7.30against will be balanced criteria above physical Assessment against the four 7.31 uses will be assessed on their merits and in alternative for Proposals 7 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES 5 Business development (Class B1)
7.32 The Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) Order 1987 incorporated office, research and development and light industrial uses into a single business use class. Premises in existing business use can be changed to another use within the class (or, up to a limit of 235 square metres, to a storage or distribution use within Class B8) without the need for planning permission. It is no longer possible therefore, save in exceptional circumstances, to draw a distinction between types of uses within the B1 Use Class. Within the broad categories outlined above, B1 uses are defined as those which can be carried out in a residential area without detriment to local amenity by reason of noise, vibration, smell, fumes, smoke, soot, ash, dust or grit (the “residential amenity test” – although PPG4 also includes a reference in paragraph 14 to “unacceptable disturbance through increased traffic”). Industrial development and the extension or alteration of an industrial building may (subject to limits prescribed by the Town and Country Planning General Permitted Development Order 1995) constitute permitted development (see glossary). The following section contains policies for the range of B1 uses.
Areas with potential for business development
7.33 Government guidance urges authorities to take account of environmental concerns in locating developments.The Council is particularly concerned to minimise the need to travel, and the use of private vehicles in particular, in order to help reduce both CO2 emissions and road congestion.This can in part be achieved by guiding development to areas with high levels of public transport accessibility.
7.34 The following policy is intended to assist the process of fostering economic growth and development by identifying appropriate areas with potential for business expansion, taking into account impact on amenity, environment and transport and the existing pattern of land uses and services serving local residential communities. No specific target for a satisfactory level of business provision is given. It is anticipated that the areas defined as having potential for expansion of business use will be able to accommodate any foreseeable needs.The Council will continue to monitor the provision of business floorspace (particularly office development) and supply and demand factors (including information provided by the GLA). It will then be in a position to respond to any strategic planning assessment of the most appropriate locations for new business development by initiating a review of policies.
EC4 The Council has defined the following areas as having most potential for an expansion of business development: a King’s Cross Opportunity Area; b Central London Area; c Major Centres; and d Kentish Town and West Hampstead District Centres.
258 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 7 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES 259 occupation by small firms; small occupation by and will: a suitable for that include accommodation proposals welcome b small firms. for the net loss of accommodation suitable resist In assessing any development, any In assessing the sequential will apply the Council consider the RE4 and will also criteria in policy and general approach and character of with the scale to be in keeping developments need for area.Thisthe surrounding consideration is also important in areas scale and the existing buildings which do not reflect are there where character of their surroundings.The policy RE5 will also apply Council uses. which seeks mixed Accommodation for small firms Accommodation for EC5 is no conflict with other policies in the Plan, there Provided the Council explained in policy RE4. to demonstrate that all will be required Applicants been a) to d) have in areas their development potential options for for considered less accessible sites are assessed before thoroughly development. located,wherever is appropriate business development that any to ensure Cross to the scale and character of its surroundings.The King’s can accommodate major business development,Area Opportunity and 13. in chapter given are area this specific policies covering It is considered that, can be satisfied, if the criteria Area, the Central London the Major may Hampstead District Centres West and Town and the Kentish Centres development.also be able to accommodate major business Outside these to be of a smaller scale if be likely would it is expected that proposals areas to be satisfied. the criteria are to the criteria in policy RE4.Where of regard developments also have considered, are existing B1 sites outside these areas will also be they assessed against the criteria in this policy and policy RE4, except that in have that they to demonstrate will not be asked such schemes developers a sequential test. applied directed towards the most appropriate locations within the Borough where Borough locations within the the most appropriate towards directed the use of public transport that of private transport can be maximised (and amenity and the on residential the impact minimised) and where to a minimum. can be kept environment is that major view The Council’s to be directed in trips should attracting an increase business development also public transport have accessible by highly (these areas are that areas to their function, reference been defined by character and mix of land uses). London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 7.37 the criteria in the policy against all schemes, The Council will apply 7.38 proposed, a) to d) are outside areas developments Where the Council will 7.36 In assessing developments, the sequential approach Council will apply the 7.35of business activities is expansion that any Council seeks to ensure The 7 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES 7.39 This policy is intended to ensure that there is provision of a sufficient supply of good quality, accessible accommodation to meet the requirements of small and growing businesses, including uses displaced by the operation of the business class. It will also be important to encourage a range of types and standards of accommodation (including managed workspaces), particularly in small units at the cheaper end of the market. It will generally be in the design and flexibility of buildings that the Council will seek to achieve this objective rather than by imposing conditions or seeking agreements. Small-scale business uses can make a positive contribution to the mixed use character of accessible areas and are especially appropriate where business development is proposed within the Central London Area (including Areas for Community Regeneration) and within the accessible shopping and service centres.
7.40 Although demand for floorspace varies, the majority of businesses in Camden employ 20 or fewer people and further provision and retention of a range of unit sizes would contribute to choice and variety for industrial and commercial tenants and consumers of their services. It will be important to provide units in a range from 50-120 square metres to meet the needs of business start-ups, small businesses and craft workshops. Moreover, evidence from workspace and business park development agencies shows that rentals can in fact be greater from a range of units (and the risk of lease default and rental arrears far less) than in large premises designed for single occupancy.
Range of business provision
7.41 Planning Policy Guidance Note 4: Industrial and Commercial Development and Small Firms urges local planning authorities “to ensure that there is sufficient land available which is readily capable of development and well served by infrastructure. They should also ensure that there is a variety of sites available to meet differing needs” (para 6). However, the introduction of the business use class in 1987 removed the Council’s ability to control changes of use and distinguish within the B1 Use Class between land reserved for industry and for offices. It is, therefore, very difficult to ensure that sufficient land is available for industry and to address mismatches between labour availability, skills and jobs.The Council will, however, continue to encourage the provision and retention of a wide range of economic activities in the Borough, including light industrial floorspace. It considers that new industrial accommodation with good vehicular access and servicing arrangements is required for the relocation of existing firms and in order to attract new enterprises and jobs to the Borough and will particularly welcome floorspace that is available for short-term or low rental. It has therefore identified in the Schedule of Land Use Proposals the most appropriate sites for light industrial development, should demand be forthcoming (see chapter 17). Appropriate sites have been identified according to their accessibility and potential for meeting B1c) standards for vehicular access and servicing.
EC6 The Council will welcome schemes for the redevelopment of industrial land or premises for B1 purposes which are designed for flexible use, including light industrial use.
260 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 7 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES 261 have particular to the need to regard (para 3.4).The Council, therefore, considers it hoists; appropriate where land previously used for industrial purposes is proposed used for land previously where appropriate B1 use, for to be redeveloped modifications to buildings in or where proposed,existing B1 use are flexibility in the design of to encourage or, provision schemes including the appropriate, where of the retention a range of business be used for to that enable premises design features purposes. to expand the range of employment help will not only This that the supply important especially but is also given opportunities available industrial suitable for considered of land and premises within the Borough limited.use within Class B2 is extremely for which allow Design features flexible use include: • of supporting floor loadings capable machinery and storage uses; • the use of machinery for and ceiling heights with sufficient headroom • lifts; of goods provision • of wide doors/corridors; provision and • vehicles. goods adequate turning/parking space for servicing to be made for vehicle goods and adequate provision will require TR12,TR23,TR24,turning (policy DS8 and DS9 and the associated annex in 16). chapter Class B2 (general industry). fall within and therefore above) Uses falling within Class B2 can change to a use within Class B1 and, subject to a metres,floorspace limit of 235 square change to storage or distribution use planning permission.(B8) without the need for on industrial Development (within land and the extension or alteration of industrial buildings may and Country (General Permitted Planning Town the by limits prescribed 1995) constitute permitted development. Order Development) General in Camden include car repairs, found industrial activities typically as as well such as hot metal printing, operations manufacturing joinery, and furniture clothing. encourage economic activity at all levels in their local economies and to encourage levels economic activity at all encourage and well serviced of attractive sites for the provision competitiveness through types of businesses” different assessment of the demand and potential demand for industrial and business industrial and for potential demand of the demand and assessment land in their area. It also urges them to” General industry (Class B2) London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 7.43 use within Class B1(c), designed for specifically In all premises the Council 7.44 test (para 7.32 amenity industrial uses which fail the residential This covers 6 uses employment Other 7.42 review under keep should boroughs Guidance suggests that Strategic 7 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES Transhipment facilities (Class B2)
EC7 Where the loss of an existing rail transhipment facility is proposed, the Council will endeavour to ensure that adequate alternative provision exists or will be made available in the locality, without detriment to local amenity, environment or highway conditions.
Aggregate facilities (Class B2)
EC8 The Council will grant permission for new or expanded aggregate handling depots (including associated facilities) provided it can be demonstrated that there would be: a no net loss of good quality sites and premises for business or industrial development within classes B1 and B8; b no net loss of priority residential and associated supporting services (social and community uses or open space); c no adverse impact on amenity or environment through dust, noise, other disturbance or the visual impact of the plant; d no adverse impact on transport networks; and e a strategic need for such facilities.
7.45 Strategic Guidance urges authorities to identify the opportunities for freight handling and transfer by rail or water and safeguard sites where there is a reasonable prospect of freight being transported by these modes (paragraph 3.24). The Council recognises the desirability of retaining rail depots to supply London’s aggregates needs, in preference to increased reliance on long-distance road haulage.
7.46 London supplies a very low percentage of its own aggregates needs (for sand, gravel and crushed rock for use in the construction industry). Moreover, there are limited opportunities for new rail depots in London, because of the general pressures for redevelopment of vacant or under- used land, and increasing concerns about environmental disturbance arising from such uses. For example, Minerals Planning Guidance Note 6: Guidelines for Aggregates Provision in England and Wales (1994) highlights the potential environmental disturbance arising from the transport of aggregates. It suggests that where possible, consideration should be given to the movement of material by rail as this can offer environmental advantages and for longer distances may be more economic. It goes on, however, to note that problems may arise in the local area surrounding rail distribution depots. At the same time, the general trend in the demand for aggregates appears to be growing (paragraph 93).
7.47 Currently, there are no sites specifically identified as having potential for such facilities within Camden.There is an existing facility within the northern part of the King’s Cross Railway Lands. The Council will, however, consider proposals for new or expanded aggregate handling facilities in the light of strategic and regional assessments of demand, and
262 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 7 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES 263 industrial development within Classes B1 and B2; industrial development open space; Standards. Development Council’s distribution uses (within Class B8) provided it can be demonstrated that distribution uses (within Class B8) provided is: there a business or for sites and premises quality of good no net loss b no net loss of priority residential, uses or social and community c impact on amenity, no adverse transport or networks; environment d on-site parking and servicing, for adequate provision in line with the (including, example, for the on a wholesale basis for operating warehouses trade,retail the storage or for or a yard yard but excluding use as a scrap of motor vehicles).distribution of minerals or the breaking Uses falling a use within Class change to metres) within Class B8 can (up to 235 square planning permission.B1 without the need for The extension or alteration and Country Town may,of a warehouse the by limits prescribed within 1995, Order Development Planning General Permitted constitute permitted development. EC9 storage, for grant permission The Council will normally or warehouse the accommodation of warehousing, for Plans to provide this except where business and industrial quality sites for lead to the loss of good would development, and traffic to local environmental regard whilst having implications. that such activities can contribute The Council accepts opportunities of a range of employment within the the provision towards Borough. However, uses within Class B8 to yield a low it is common for density,employment and generate very of employees small numbers employ transport be likely than would road trips by and frequent numerous more Classes B1 and B2. activities within for The Council is therefore concerned, employment, for and transport reasons, environment to ensure land and premises is no loss (to a use within Class B8) of that there or industrial development. business suitable for Storage and distribution (Class B8) and distribution (Class Storage will apply the above criteria to ensure that there is no significant adverse is no that there criteria to ensure the above will apply local amenity, on effect noise conditions through and highway environment disturbance, dust, hours of operation unreasonable traffic generation and 5).TR25 in chapter (see also policy to use of Encouragement will be given traffic. transportrail or water based on road to minimise impact Reference 16. in chapter to policy EC3 and to DS8 and DS9 should also be made London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 7.48 activities, a range of storage and distribution This Use Class covers 7.49 Unitary for Development to meet the requirement This policy is intended 8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 265 267 269 270 District CentresDistrict Centres 274 275 SH15SH16281 Markets SH17 MarketsSH18 Car boot salesA3) and drink (Class Food 283 282 282 SH10SH11 outside designated centres Shops lying SH12 Visual appearance: displays window SH13 of shopping and local service Continuity facilitiesSH14 Car parking 278 Servicing 276 277 278 279 SH1SH2 of centres Consolidation and improvement and facilities Shopping environment SH3 271 SH4 provision Location of new SH5 Major CentresSH6 Kilburn High Road Major Centre 271 SH7 District Centres Primary in Major and Shopping Frontages SH8 Secondary in Major and Shopping Frontages SH9 Centres Neighbourhood 272 274 273 274 275 7 to specific uses relating Policies 6 and transport considerations Environment 4 General policies 5 Shopping and service policies centre 1 1 policies Part 2 Introduction 3 in Camden Shopping provision 2 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8 local services and Shopping SH19SH20 LaunderettesSH21 Minicab/taxi officesSH22 showrooms Motor vehicle and other sui generis uses centres Amusement 286 285 285 284 Appendices in Camden provision of shopping Appendix SH1 Hierarchy Appendix SH2 Primary and Secondary Shopping Frontages Centresin Major and District in Neighbourhood CentresAppendix SH3 Shopping frontages 287 290 288
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8 Shopping and Local Services
8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 266 8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 267 provision by promoting the vitality and viability of town centres and centres the vitality and viability of town promoting by provision of a wide range of shops and services that encouraging the provision and accessible. well-located are centres. in shopping centres. repeated and justified here as a basis for Part as a basis for 2 (local) policies: here and justified repeated SSH1 enhance shopping and local service The Council will seek to sustain and SSH2 accessibility to and within shopping The Council will seek to improve SSH3 in the quality of the environment The Council will seek an improvement economic and social conditions and consumer demand and needs. the However, the need to maintain and improve the Council recognises that it is accessible to all if Camden and ensure range of shopping provision and work. place in which to live and convenient an attractive is to remain It development retail for that proposals is particularly concerned to ensure satisfactory sustainable and are in terms of their location and are users and pedestrians, non-car accessibility for those with especially mobility.restricted the and strengthen seek to protect It will therefore by the Borough throughout and distribution of provision level overall into investment retail changes of use and channelling new controlling locations. out-of-centre from and away existing centres Large scale retail be of shoppers will generally uses which attract a significant number adjoining the largest centres, within or immediately to be located required to local residents, workers, visitors and to the local and London-wide City role.World including its contribution to London’s economy The access to a wide gives of shopping and service provision existing hierarchy and services.range of goods In addition, act as focal centres shopping visitors, and for the community points for a range of service uses provide opportunities.The important local employment and provide range of uses depends on the scale, character, accessibility of centres, location and and can include social and community, and service administrative uses together with transport, cultural, and entertainment leisure facilities. Important local shops and small parades which is also made in scattered shopping provision lie outside designated centres. 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8.1 been identified in Part I and are policies have strategic The following 8 services Shopping and local 1 1 policies Part 8.3 to changing changing in response activity is constantly of retail The pattern 8.2 the importance and service The Council recognises of shopping provision which have a high level of public transport and serve accessibility a wide a high level which have area. catchment safe, a and provide hierarchy environment accessible and pleasant shopping all,for in the necessary it will be investment to encourage and facilitate provision,quality of shopping shopping environment in the improvements that retail accessibility) and to ensure to improve (including measures or impact on local environmental adverse not cause any do proposals conditions.highway potential the includes investigating Part of this process and shopping areas the dominant impact of traffic within reducing for use of public transport, the to promote measures as the cycling and walking service shopping and within the Borough’s to and of travelling main ways centres.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8.4 Finally, within the of existing centres the attractiveness to preserve
8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 268 8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 269 2 “primary may be restricted to a high frontages existing town centres should continue to be the main focus for new for to be the main focus should continue centres existing town Developments (1996) sets retail development clearly in the context of clearly development (1996) sets retail Developments vitality and viability, centre town the social and community recognising to encourage competition whilst continuing contribution of centres types of shopping provision. different between the Guidance recognises to minimise the in established centres importance of locating development and encourage public transport CO use to reduce need to travel services.A1 of the within Class provision to new It includes policies relating and Country 1987, Planning (Use Classes) Order Town changes policies on policies on the shopping environment. use and to non-retail retail from The A1 uses (i.e. to Class solely A2 and is used to refer “retail” excluding term A3 uses).The sections: been divided into four policies have general policies provision; all retail to applicable to specific centres; policies relating policies considerations;on transport and environmental policies on specific and within shopping and service example,uses found (for centres A3 and Class sui generis uses (see Glossary). the exact type of shopping but has limited influence over Borough made.provision activities and services A wide range of retail fall within and Country 1987, (Use Classes) Order Planning Town A1 of the Class including shops, post offices, agencies, and travel ticket sandwich bars, and dry cleaners.hairdressers the Uses can change to another use within planning permission.same class without the need for Some uses typically not included A3 or are A2 or lie within Class within shopping centres found within the Use Classes Order. Class in any developing policies to control changes of use can help maintain the policies to control developing elements of a centre,dominant retail although it also suggests that the allowing by is best assisted character and vitality of shopping areas flexibility. Thus, whilst A1 of the Use Classes proportion uses - in particular of retail those uses in class flexibility of use in secondary more should be scope for - there frontages...” Order (para 6,Annex B). Strategic context emissions. with PPG6, In accordance a sequential the Council will apply development. retail for to proposals approach National context 2 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8.9 (RPG3) suggests that Authorities London Planning for Strategic Guidance 8.7 and Retail Centres Town Guidance Note 6 (PPG6) - Planning Policy 8.6 in the shopping developments the location of new The Council can control 28.5 Introduction and local of shopping all aspects of the provision covers This chapter 8.8 and that defining primary within centres PPG6 also recognises frontages facilities and services provided within the Borough (see Appendix SH1) and (see within the Borough facilities and services provided beyond, a small part in Camden forming London- of total with provision provision. wide retail side of which lies Road/Swiss Cottage and Kilburn High Road (the western of Brent).within the London Borough the largest Although these are in the Borough,centres the widest range of shopping facilities offering (including durable and comparison goods, a number and stores large food services), and of other goods to be of the Council by none is considered significance in terms of both scale and true strategic or cross-Borough function.The than the serve a wider catchment area Major Centres three designated District Centres, is predominant. but no one centre are They of public transport accessibility, a high level also characterised by which other activities and uses, them suitable locations for makes those especially of people. to attract large numbers likely Hampstead.West and and goods Town a range of convenience These offer with a high density of population can sustain furtherwith a high density of population can sustain long term growth. In fact, is and increasing to continue the population in Camden is projected population (although 23 per cent of the youthful a growing characterised by in employment, elderly).Women population are and one single parents increasing.person households are have levels ownership Although car years,in recent increased do not in the Borough residents the majority of accessible on which are on centres access to a car and rely regular have public transport. and by foot of local Reductions in the number these people, difficult for shops has made shopping more convenience disadvantaged. travel particularly those who are for Camden context shopping provision.shopping in promoting play that plans can the role It emphasises and assisting regeneration centres of and refurbishment the modernisation and job creation, particularly in Inner London. the also stresses It facilities in locations accessible to public shopping importance of providing transport. range of destinations cannot be a transport public Where from stores, at large convenience secured for encouragement should be given centres. in town of smaller stores the provision Likewise, the restricting locations parking to limit the demand at out-of-centre of free provision centres. the balance back to existing town help to shift may
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8.12 Major Centres: has designated three The Council Town, Finchley Camden 8.13 District Centres: has designated three The Council Hampstead, Kentish 8.11 advantage of a wide range of retail able to take are Camden residents 3in Camden Shopping provision 8.10 high in the belief that areas in London remains stores new Demand for
8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 270 8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 271 general shopping environment and the facilities provided within it for and the facilities provided general shopping environment the benefit of all users and traders and, in particular, people with for disabilities. shopping and service centres throughout the Borough. shopping and service throughout centres Shopping environment and facilities Shopping environment SH2 in the quality of the The Council will encourage an improvement all. for environment co- the potential for investigate It will therefore of quality and the provision environmental action to improve ordinated such as lighting, environment necessary within the street features street furniture, bus shelters, signing, litter bins and public conveniences.The Managers who contribute to better Centre Town Council has appointed the private and public sectors thus enhancing the between communications as a whole. of the centres management and promotion effective In addition, Authority, of subject to the availability as Highway the Council may resources, designed measures the potential for and investigate implement (for centres and accessibility to and within shopping safety to improve Consolidation and improvement of centres Consolidation and improvement SH1 of and improvement The Council will encourage the consolidation centres is essential if residents, is centres to continue to and visitors are workers and servicesa wide range of goods access to and and if retailers have and in the Borough to be encouraged to remain are service providers expand their provision. this end, To the the Council seeks to protect directing by and enhance provision shopping function of existing centres existing centres. towards development retail new services shopping. with some durable serve a more Centres District area. with a smaller catchment Centres than the Major localised function Town, highly are and Kentish Hampstead West – District Centres Two a locations for as suitable public transport regarded accessible by and are range of activities, of people. which attract large numbers including those area. catchment the immediate surrounding local provision Additional the individual shops throughout of small parades and exists in the form designated centre. lie outside any which Borough London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4 General policies 8.16 a pleasant, is concerned to create The Council and accessible shopping safe 8.15 of existing shopping and service The consolidation and improvement 8.14 in needs of residents day-to-day the for provide Neighbourhood Centres a Major Centres; b District Centres; c Neighbourhood Centres; d the Borough. local parades and individual shops throughout developments,In assessing retail the sequential the Council will apply approach, explained in policy RE4. to Applicants will be required a) in areas their development demonstrate that all potential options for sites on the edges of either assessed before been thoroughly or b) have or,a Major or District Centre sequentially, are sites out-of-centre development. for considered and local parades Neighbourhood Centres large scale locations for to be inappropriate considered generally are hierarchy, Primary and Secondary within Major and Shopping Frontages District Centres, and provision outside designated centres shops lying Area. within the Central London Location of new provision provision Location of new SH3 hierarchy: retail The Council has defined the following example, traffic calming, parking, of on-street regulation the schemes giving pedestrians, which will assist buses and schemes priority to cyclists and people with disabilities, shopmobility schemes). including access,improve shoppers conditions for and environmental convenience proposals.This help to only will not development into their retail approach environment, the shopping improve the but will also help improve of further retail shoppers and the prospect to of centres attractiveness growth. new to the scale of and services Examples of facilities appropriate include: which will be welcomed development • wheelchair and mobility improvements; • areas; rest • changing areas; public toilets and baby • shoppers’ créche; • signage; • transport public and community facilities; and • pedestrian and cycle facilities.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 58.19 Shopping and service policies centre within the to specific centres policies that relate This section contains 8.17 to incorporate facilities to The Council will also encourage developers 8.18 should also be made to policy RE6(f). Reference
8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 272 8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 273 have an adverse effect on the vitality and viability of the existing or on the vitality and viability effect an adverse have areas; surrounding served a choice of means of transport, by public transport; including of areas planning permissions in the catchment and of outstanding centres. affected proposals which lead to the extension or qualitative improvement of improvement which lead to the extension or qualitative proposals shopping purposes. for developments or new existing premises retail development.retail apply the Council will development any In assessing RE4 and will also: criteria in policy the general • not which would will be of such a scale proposal that the ensure • and can be accessible on foot is readily that the proposal ensure • car travel; the need to reduce consider and • completed developments, of recently effects the cumulative consider SH4 Within Major Centres, grant permission for the Council will normally scale and location,whatever is development retail that any to ensure acceptable in terms of impact. However, outside Major Centres, retail to smaller in scale if the criteria in the policy are to be likely are proposals be met. viability, In determining vitality and 1 will be had to Figure regard of PPG6. large scale development, For require the Council will normally locations, economic and other impacts on other retail likely of the evidence impact on transport networks. and an assessment of the likely in the Borough. investment retail and primary new for foci Part of this will be to ensure,process as far as possible, to continue that these centres attractive a full range of modern shopping facilities and remain provide expansion, retail locations for investment. and qualitative growth Planning be granted,permission will normally therefore, which increase proposals for the environment,the amount of shopping floorspace or help improve layout and servicing of centres, efficient, making shopping more thereby to customers. and attractive convenient Major Centres Centres, public transport by accessibly to most easily are they where residents, and visitors. workers In assessing such large scale developments, a sequential approach,the Council will apply for the first preference where in Major and, sites for will be locating developments to a lesser extent, District Centres. to demonstrate that all Applicants will be required been have in these centres their development potential options for less central sites on the edges of these centres assessed before thoroughly development. for considered are in out-of-centre then will proposals Only locations be considered. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8.22 as the main shopping centres Major Centres seeks to promote The Council 8.21 schemes, the criteria in policy SH3 against all will apply The Council of 8.20 into Major developments large scale retail direct The Council seeks to shopping (Class A1) floorspace in PrimaryA1) where Shopping Frontages shopping (Class use would of the proposed in floorspace and the nature the reduction not harm the character, function and vitality and viability of the centre. range of shopping and service provision within District Centres.range of shopping and service provision It will the quality and character of the environment also seek to improve within these centres. Westminster to develop and implement a strategy and implement regeneration the for to develop Westminster of Kilburn High Road. Major and District Centres (see Proposals Map and Appendix SH2).They and Map (see Proposals Major and District Centres heart of a centre. or focus the retail represent SH7 a net loss of which involve permit proposals The Council will only Primary Shopping Frontages in Major and Primary Shopping Frontages District Centres District Centres SH6 enhance the vitality, The Council will seek to maintain and and level Hampstead are the next largest centres in the shopping hierarchy after the shopping hierarchy in the the next largest centres Hampstead are wide catchment area. and serve a relatively Major Centres These centres uses. and services a wide range of goods offer including convenience The that residents,Council seeks to ensure and visitors to the workers within the of provision access to this level to have continue Borough located and accessible,hierarchy. is often conveniently Such provision to travel. minimising the need thereby seek to The Council will therefore of function retail the Primary and overall protect Shopping Frontages District Centres, in the shopping environment improvements encourage scale. of an appropriate investment retail and encourage new Kilburn High Road Major Centre High Road Kilburn SH5 of Brent, the London Boroughs with The Council will work Barnet and need of a comprehensive approach to regeneration. approach need of a comprehensive seen has centre The a poor shopping from and suffers years in recent investment little retail environment. of the centre the attractiveness Action is needed to improve and facilitate its regeneration. the joint efforts of Camden, This will require councils,Brent,Westminster traders and the with input from Barnet and local community.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8.25 each of the Borough’s been defined for Primary have Shopping Frontages 8.24West and of Hampstead, District Centres Town The three Kentish 8.23 as a shopping and service High Road has been identified Kilburn in centre
8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 274 8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 275 change of use from a use within Class A1 to a non-retail use will be use A1 to a non-retail a use within Class change of use from not be detrimental to the would proposal the permitted provided character, function, vitality and viability of the centre. Class A1 to a non-retail use will be permitted if the following criteria use will be permitted if the following A1 to a non-retail Class satisfied: are uses predominate. retention of ensuring the designation is a means Their the proportion controlling through viable shopping area of a flourishing and of non-A1 uses. character on the the impact of a proposal In determining and function of a centre,the variety and to regard the Council will have uses, and non retail mix of retail and the offered the range of facilities provided. balance of uses overall In determining vitality and viability, regard PPG6. 1 of Figure will also be had to been designated as Secondary Shopping have and District Centres Frontages. defined at either end of the Secondary are Shopping Frontages SH2). Appendix (see and include both sides of the road shopping centre and retail a mix of uses including not only characterised by often are They associated uses, but also social, and supporting community services. SH8 Within Secondary in Major and District Centres, Shopping Frontages a changes of use from a use within Class A1 to a non-retail use will apply. use A1 to a non-retail a use within Class changes of use from for pressure purposes – to divert This policy is intended to serve two the Primary of centres from Frontages Shopping changes of use away the dilution of their shopping function and, avoiding thereby secondly, to a variety of service of opportunities and other uses the provision create for that require, best situated in, or are an accessible location. The of a variety of services help increase introduction and facilities will not only purposes and investment retail (for of centres the vitality and attractiveness to those using the centres), but will also help expand the range of locally. opportunitiesemployment available also reduce A mix of uses may purposes and to serve several enabling one journey by the need to travel outside normal business hours. safety increase However, the Council is shopping character and function of concerned to maintain the overall Secondary within centres. Shopping Frontages In determining the impact of on the character and function of a centre,a proposal the Council will have uses, and non-retail to the variety and mix of retail regard the range of balance of uses provided. and the overall facilities offered In determining vitality and viability, 1 of PPG6. also be had to Figure will regard Neighbourhood Centres SH9 Within Neighbourhood Centres, a use within a change of use from Secondary Shopping Frontages in Major and Secondary Shopping Frontages District Centres London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8.27 outside the Primary which lie in the Major Retail areas Shopping Frontages 8.26 shopping where areas been defined for Primary have Shopping Frontages 8.28 Within the Secondary Shopping Frontages, flexible policy on a more of the area; and and transport conditions. function, of the centre; vitality and viability and and transport conditions. Class A1 to a non-retail use will not normally be permitted except use will not normally A1 to a non-retail Class satisfied: criteria are following the where a not be detrimental to the character and function would the proposal b not be detrimental to local amenity, would the proposal environment Area,Within the Central London should also be made to the reference 14. in chapter descriptions given area a character, to the retail be detrimental not would the proposal b not be detrimental to local amenity, would the proposal environment Shops lying outside designated centres Shops lying SH10 Outside designated shopping centres, a use within a change of use from and a wide range of shopping facilities (including convenience providing character, to an areaís specialist facilities) contributes significantly function and vitality and viability. include conservation with local areas Examples may the mix of uses (including shops) where shopping facilities and other areas special character. to the area’s adds designated centres provide a valuable local service to residents, provide designated centres workers and visitors. also help to meet the needs of less mobile residents They (including the elderly, disabilities and those with young people with children). The Council wishes to encourage their retention, local to protect of the local uses) in the interests servicesretail (including convenience of residents,community and visitors alike. workers hierarchy of shopping provision.They frequently provide a range of essential of shopping provision.They provide frequently hierarchy local shops, local uses and services valued by highly that are convenience residents, mobile or who need to shop close less those who are especially to home. of a range of the retention The Council wishes to encourage which is the Borough uses) throughout (including convenience provision and visitors. to workers and community accessible to the local It considers necessary the maintenance of a strong are ensure to that safeguards and to neighbourhood centres shopping function and character within community. to the local of service provided level the retain In determining on the character and function of a centre,the impact of a proposal the uses, and non-retail of retail to the variety and mix regard Council will have balance of uses provided. and the overall the range of facilities offered In determining vitality and viability, 1 of will also be had to Figure regard PPG6. do not that proposals The Council is also concerned to ensure local amenity, affect adversely and transport conditions. environment within neighbourhood centres. Appendix SH3 lists shopping frontages
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8.31 In addition, shops the existence of scattered in parts of the Borough 8.30 the Borough, Throughout parades outside individual shops and small 8.29 an important form within the Borough’s element centres Neighbourhood
8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 276 8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 277 non-retail uses within shopping centres and parades to maintain a uses within shopping centres non-retail display. window advertisements are contained in chapter 4 (EN17, contained in chapter are advertisements EN34, EN28-30) and Supplementary Planning Guidance. SH11 planning permission is granted, Where require normally the Council will small-scale land uses including convenience and specialist shops serving and specialist shops the convenience land uses including small-scale needs of local residents, and visitors. workers area, In this is provision than being concentrated in centres.often dispersed rather Council is The as a whole in the area provision of retail level that the concerned to ensure is maintained, support to existing communities, to help provide not only but character and quality and special mixed the area’s also to help maintain use. of commercial other types by domination prevent notable One retail Court a strong Road which performs Tottenham exception is function, End) as West part (forming with a range of specialist shops of the as shops serving in the area.well living and working those Further detail is 14. in chapter descriptions contained in the area given A1 is permitted, Class of use from the Council will particularly encourage (for community the local residential to benefit likely uses which are example, need exists. an established uses) where social and community This will be particularly important experiencing significant areas in additional is an identified need for there where development for pressures example,Areas (for provision social and community Community for Regeneration). that remaining The Council is also concerned to ensure a wide choice to meet the needs provide area facilities in the surrounding of local residents, and visitors. workers local area, and to the variety and mix of retail regard the Council will have uses, non-retail and the range of facilities offered, including local area. shops in the surrounding convenience The Council is also concerned local amenity, affect adversely do not that proposals to ensure environment and transport conditions. Visual appearance considerations London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8.35 shop fronts, and replacement and guidance on new Policies signs and 6 and transport Environment 8.33 met and a change the conditions of the policy are where Outside centres 8.34 on the character and function of a In determining the impact of a proposal 8.32 particularly mix of a characterised by are Area Parts London of the Central the possibility of shared use of existing or proposed car parking; use of existing or proposed the possibility of shared and A2 and A3 uses will be assessed in accordance with the maximum be assessed in accordance A3 uses will A2 and Annex to DS8 taking into account the following set out in the standards factors: a unnecessary of deterring the objective use of the car; b the nature, scale and location of the development; c network; the local highway the implications for d means of access other than the car; of alternative the availability e of suitable public car parking in the near vicinity and the availability f people with disabilities. for parking the need for In all cases, a management scheme to be agreed the Council will require shoppers’ short-term car of use of the car park to favour regulation for parking. and local service facilities whilst development is in progress. and local servicefacilities whilst development the use of cars for shopping trips by regulating the supply of on-street the supply regulating shopping trips by the use of cars for of private non- limiting the supply 5) and by space (TR11 in chapter parking (TR12).Theresidential of Council will also seek to limit the supply customer parking. SH13A1, for proposals development car parking for customer The need for centres due to the high level of conflict between pedestrians and vehicles, of conflict between due to the high level centres conditions within centres. poor environmental and the relatively It is continuity of the shopping frontage and can help provide information about information can help provide and of the shopping frontage continuity within the centre. uses and servicesnon-retail available exception to An use falls within Class the proposed be made where may this requirement and Country 1987. Order Planning (Use Classes) Town A3 of the Car parking Continuity of shopping and local service of shopping Continuity facilities SH12 The Council will seek, practicable, wherever of shopping the continuity in business to enable traders to remain should be designed development in progress. are whilst works and large scale redevelopment Where permitted, schemes are refurbishment enable phasing will be encouraged to in business during and after the implementation existing traders to remain of works. During construction, to limiting consideration should be given full and loss of amenity in accordance nuisance all aspects of environmental 4. with policy EN7 in chapter
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8.38 As part policy,its wider traffic restraint of the Council aims to discourage 8.39 In Camden, in shopping need to limit traffic levels is an overriding there 8.36 appearance, help to maintain the visual displays Window and attractiveness 8.37 The Council is concerned that, possible, wherever schemes for
8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 278 8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 279 environment, require all new developments of A1,A2A3 uses to environment, of and developments all new require service for in line with Development vehicles adequate provision make Standards. specific uses or types of activity within Class A1 (for example,A1 (for specific uses or types of activity within Class markets), and mini-cab and sui generis uses such as launderettes A3 uses within Class offices. Servicing SH14 The Council will,no harm to the local be would there where location of service to minimise the conflict between facilities will help shoppers, traffic.The and through service vehicles relax parked Council may harm servicing rear for if environmental and the requirement standards aspect of the proposal. that from ensue solely would However, if that demonstrable harm, cause would relaxation become would the proposal unacceptable. unacceptable noise disturbance to to prevent In order adjoining residents, may, the Council circumstances, in appropriate seek to be made. the hours during which service may control deliveries acknowledged that some purchases, acknowledged retail from bulky goods such as of groceries, large quantities and warehouses at a car to be loaded do need to the store.parking space close parking is appropriate, customer Where to influence of spaces in order to limit the number the Council will seek car usage,modal choice and discourage for proposals welcome and would public use.shared people,majority of disabled on private and their reliance which increases transport.community Therefore, parking appropriate requires the Council within shopping areas. disabled people for provision use of the scheme to regulate and management suitable pricing structure car park. in car parking provision increase It is important that any to ensure as a whole.benefits the shopping centre Therefore, it is important that use to those intending to visit local shops and services,is restricted and into central London. or commuting locally excludes those working London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8.43 to particular example, contains policies relating uses - for This section 7 to specific uses relating Policies 8.42 the efficiency of servicing, as improving As well and level an appropriate 8.40 inaccessible to the that public transport remains The Council recognises 8.41 is provided, customer parking Where the Council requires, in all cases, a and variety of shopping provision in the Borough.and variety of shopping provision such markets On-street as those at Chalton Street, Street, Earlham Street, Inverness Leather Lane by and workers the needs of local residents cater for and Queens Crescent walking distance within facilities and goods accessible local retail providing prices.and at affordable Others, markets, off-street especially such as those become major in the vicinity of Camden Lock and Chalk Farm have London, all over tourists and visitors from attractions for weekend as well local residents. as for minimise the impact of their operation on local amenity, and environment transport systems. the operation of through is achieved Such control location,planning policies controlling advertising, of the enforcement conditions attached to planning permissions, and, in the case of on-street shopping centres, located on housing estates or scattered whilst are others Borough. the throughout In some instances, for be appropriate it may example, uses (for high priority non-retail to be used for premises social uses).and community In other instances, a be able to play the Council may uses its lettings policies in securing particular types of retail through role example, is an identified local need (for which there for local convenience shops). the importancehas increased of post offices as an essential local service use.and convenience (particularly Some sections of the community those with limited mobility – including, example, for and mothers with the elderly of post office services within on the availability heavily rely children) young easy walking distance of their homes. with work The Council will therefore of postal servicesthe ensuring towards Office and other providers the Post of a satisfactory retention range and distribution of post offices and to serve the needs of local residents, services the Borough throughout visitors. and workers less important local facilities is especially of those who are for network the essential services far for provided.mobile and unable to travel The Authority to Health Service with the Family work Council will therefore located to meet residents’ that is well of provision maintain a network needs. Markets Markets Specific uses within Class A1 Specific uses within Class Use of Council-owned shops Council-owned Use of
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8.47 In general, complements the range markets retail of regular the operation 8.48 to in order of control a significant degree often require uses Market 8.45 to customers An expansion in the range of facilities and services available 8.46 a valuable service Dispensing chemists also offer to the local community. A 8.44 of shop units. a significant number The Council owns located in Some are
8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 280 8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 281 capacity to accommodate an increase of trips; to accommodate an increase capacity existing centres; Schedule;specified in the Proposals and and and local environmental impact on public safety adverse nor any conditions. highway extensions to existing authorised markets,extensions to existing be the Council will normally the proposals: that concerned to ensure a of high public transport accessibility with sufficient lie within an area b character and function of the the retail affect will not adversely c uses for of a site or premises the redevelopment will not prejudice d not cause loss of amenity, will and occupiers to adjoining residents activities market for premises of retail in front The use of forecourts be discouraged. will generally markets, of licensing and administration enforcement the through control Protection and Consumer Environmental Council’s the by regulations Service 15). chapter (see also with car boot SH17 deals specifically Policy planning permission. sales requiring SH15 and markets off- and on-street new for When considering proposals associated supporting facilities, uses and open such as social and community these uses in the Schedule of Land Use space on land identified for 17). (chapter Proposals the use is acceptable and satisfactory Provided conditions can be achieved,environmental places a the Council generally higher priority on the permanent rather than temporary use or of land.redevelopment this end, To markets time limited permissions for this permissions granted where nor new be renewed uses will not normally of sites or or redevelopment permanent re-use the prejudice would premises, such is an extant planning permission for there particularly where uses. of shopping provision in the Borough. in of shopping provision However, they depending on how and their hours of operation and scale, operated are a can have they impact on the character and function of established significant adverse shopping and service local amenity, centres’ public safety, and environmental transport conditions. visit markets, of people may that large numbers Given not impede upon the public safety activities should the operation of market of local residents, or traders. visitors to minimise The Council is concerned disturbance, noise impact in particular from adverse any litter, smells, traffic and parking congestion. this include of achieving The principal ways of people that attract large numbers markets for ensuring that proposals of high public transport accessibility with sufficient located within areas are in trips, an increase to accommodate capacity and that impacts on amenity, the through controlled carefully are and environment public safety implementation of planning policies and standards, the use of conditions of the Council’s attached to planning permissions and the involvement Service. and Consumer Protection Environmental London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8.50 use and priority residential is also concerned to protect The Council 8.49 a significant contribution to the interest, make Markets and vitality diversity users and those pushing double buggies); users and those pushing and signing);exit routes and existing markets to make adequate provision for: adequate provision to make existing markets a traders’ vehicles; parking for off-street b (including wheelchair people with mobility difficulties access for c (including adequate aisle widths, and circulation pedestrian safety d of litter and refuse. the storage and disposal of public conveniences; provision The Council will also seek improved and, proposed, stalls are food take-away where with areas sitting-out litter bins provided. to include layout The Council will expect proposals facilities. of the above plans illustrating provision to be used for car boot sales. to be used for services (other than health services) to visiting members of the public. It be appropriate includes other services (such as betting offices) which it may discouraged.The use of the highway (including footpath) requires licensing. discouraged.The requires (including footpath) of the highway use and accessibility and can impede pedestrian movement Such uses frequently of shopping frontages. character and appearance be detrimental to the SH16 and extensions to markets new for proposals will require The Council the safe operation of markets and to minimise the environmental problems and to minimise the environmental operation of markets the safe as noise, (such associated with markets litter, and parking traffic congestion). the will require outlets within markets food for Proposals Service. and Consumer Protection Environmental of the Council’s approval Financial and professional services (Class A2) services (Class Financial and professional SH17 sites and premises grant permission for The Council will not normally being held in the Borough.The of such activities into introduction often causes disturbance to local residents areas residential predominantly in traffic and generating significant increases and a loss of amenity by and causing noise disturbance.Theparking stress Council is concerned to car for applications refuse amenity and will generally residential protect planning permission.boot sales requiring it be made if An exception may use satisfaction that the proposed can be demonstrated to the Council’s be compatible with the character of the area,would with in accordance local amenity, impact on an adverse not have Plan policies and would or transport networks. environment Car boot sales
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8.54 of financial or professional the provision for This Class includes use 8.51 be will generally activities market for forecourts The use of retail 8.52 to ensure required and facilities are Adequate operational arrangements 8.53 has, There years, in recent of car boot sales in the number been an increase
8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 282 8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 283 and noise disturbance (including the siting, and appearance handling equipment); of ventilation operational noise levels and on the highway;forecourts and Council will take into account the need for and, into account the need for Council will take and appropriate where necessary, impose conditions to control: aof operation; the hours b potential loss of amenity to be made to overcome the arrangements c of tables, the provision chairs, on retail litter bins and advertisements d and customer litter. of refuse the storage and disposal In addition, and into account the number the Council will take with other uses and will their relationship A3 uses and distribution of outlets, upon loss of retail harmful effect a cumulatively seek to avoid traffic, amenity. parking and local residential premises or hot food for consumption off the premises. consumption for or hot food premises Uses falling within A2 (Financial A1 (Shops) or Class can change to a use within Class A3 Class services) planning permission. the need for without and professional SH18A3 use, planning permission for for When considering applications the facilities to be provided, and arrangements with the in consultation Service, and Consumer Protection Environmental Council’s that to ensure example, and disturbance (for problems environmental noise, through impact,environmental to a minimum. kept smell and litter) are The of the type, evidence be expected to supply will normally applicant siting, handling equipment. of ventilation and operational noise levels appearance Water, where Thames also encouraged to consult Applicants are within Class A3 (for example,A3 (for within Class restaurants, cafes, wine bars, clubs, licensed takeaways). and hot food premises the important It also recognises and local leisure towards contribution that such uses can make of the attractiveness increasing and towards provision employment outside normal business hours.shopping centres often most are Such uses those with a high (especially located within existing centres appropriately can contribute towards of public transport they degree accessibility) where the vitality of shopping centres, outside normal business hours. especially However, concerned about a the Council has become increasingly do not that they of such uses and seeks to ensure proliferation nor of centres to the detriment of the shopping function predominate of local worsening significant loss of local amenity or any cause any or transport conditions. environmental Food and drink (Class A3) and drink (Class Food to provide in shopping areas (see policies SH7-10 controlling changes from controlling (see policies SH7-10 areas in shopping to provide use). a non-retail to (retail) A1 Class London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8.55 consumption on the for or drink sale of food the use for Class covers This 8.57 this end, To the Council will also encourage adequate operational 8.56 uses falling of demand in Camden for the high level The Council recognises health standards for the safe emission of fumes; the safe for health standards and disturbance. ensure that: ensure a with environmental can be made in accordance adequate provision b to minimise noise can be provided adequate soundproofing the Use Classes Order altogether.the Use Classes Order termed sui generis uses Such uses are (see Glossary) and include launderettes, mini-cab/taxi offices, car centres.These and amusement a significant showrooms uses often require the operation of planning policies and the through control of degree to minimise their in order imposition of conditions on planning permissions impact on local amenity, and transport systems. environment Some of these (operated licensing requirements through controlled additionally uses are section). Consumer Protection the Council’s by is Planning permission sui generis uses, all new for required sui generis use a changes from and for for the sale (or display use (with the exception of use for to an alternative A1 (Shops) a use within Class change to which may sale) of motor vehicles planning permission).without the need for In some instances, be it may such uses,granting a time-limited permission for to consider appropriate in their full impact to be assessed. time for to allow order The following SH7-10 controlling in conjunction with policies policies should be read use.changes to non-retail visitors. and affect However, problems such uses can cause environmental (in taken unless adequate steps are health and well-being people’s Department) to minimise loss Environment consultation with the Council’s Launderettes SH19 launderettes, for When considering applications seek to the Council will Sui generis uses within shopping centres Sui generis appropriate, to traps of grease and maintenance on the need for advice for blockage and flooding. sewer avoid to will also be concerned The Council of local traffic conditions. not lead to a worsening do that proposals ensure (which includes the of amenities on the highway the provision for Proposals Act 1980 and should be a licence under the Highways require footway) located, carefully consultation with the Council, in obstructions. to avoid In people with disabilities, for determining provision be should also reference Supplementary Planning Guidance.made to the Council’s As PPG6 2.25) notes,(paragraph new create changes of use can sometimes uses,concentrations of single food and take-away as restaurants such outlets, can cause local problems. effects the cumulative where Such contribution to on their positive be assessed not only should proposals diversification, matters as loss of on such effects but also on the cumulative outlets,retail traffic, amenity. and local residential parking
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8.58 and service in shopping often found lie outside Some uses that are centres 8.59 a valuable local service to residents, provide Launderettes and workers
8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 284 8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 285 conditions; users and of other road nor be detrimental to the safety pedestrians; and or disturbance. noise particular through Council will seek to ensure that there will not be any adverse effect on effect adverse will not be any that there Council will seek to ensure environmental, conditions and that all vehicles or highway safety road will be contained within the curtilage of the site. premises as minicab/taxi offices where: as minicab/taxi offices premises a impact on local parking and highway be no adverse would there b not cause undue traffic congestion waiting would vehicle on-street c amenity in on residential be no detrimental effect would there Motor vehicle showrooms showrooms Motor vehicle SH21 showrooms, motor vehicle for When considering applications the noise disturbance, congestion and obstruction and environmental highway damage. by The Council is concerned to minimise potential problems accommodate all located and can adequately well ensuring that sites are use. the proposed generated by vehicles service both in terms of the transport to the community service provided potential. 3) and their employment (see chapter However, the operation of causes a loss of local amenity through mini-cab/taxi businesses frequently waiting passengers by late at night – created noise disturbance (especially congestion. and highway departure of vehicles) and arrival and the frequent mini-cab/taxi offices are tend to be exacerbated where Such problems located close to junctions, or near bus stops. streets in narrow The impacts on local amenity, adverse seeks to minimise any Council generally and any that premises ensuring by conditions and highway environment necessary example, (for infrastructure and located appropriately aerials) are controlled. In some instances, the hours of to control be appropriate it may the imposition of a condition on a grant of planning operation through permission. Minicab/taxi offices Minicab/taxi SH20 the use of be granted for only normally Planning permission will of amenity and noise disturbance.of amenity In some instances, be appropriate it may of such the hours of operation to control the Council for and desirable grant of planning the imposition of a condition on a facilities through permission. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8.61 of rise to problems can give showrooms vehicle The operation of motor 8.60 an important that taxis and mini-cab firms offer The Council recognises generis, (such as sauna or in shopping areas uses found non-retail massage establishments), that the will seek to ensure the Council or impact on local environment an adverse not have does proposal and functioning of the centre. amenity or on the character Amusement arcades and other sui generis uses sui generis and other arcades Amusement SH22 and other sui centres amusement for When considering applications opening hours. Likewise, the by be attenuated can sometimes noise (dealing,imposition of suitable planning conditions example, for with insulation, of the of the front self-closing doors and the enclosure premises). sui generis uses (including sauna/massage The operation of many licensing, by further controlled are centres) establishments and amusement Consumer Protection and Environmental the Council’s by undertaken Service. is concerned to minimise any adverse impact on local amenity and impact adverse any is concerned to minimise on the character of the area. or environment rise give frequently Such uses of people attracted to a site and can create in the number to an increase noise disturbance, outside normal shopping hours. especially PPG6 (Annex sited in most appropriately are centres D) suggests that amusement commercial of mixed secondary or in areas shopping frontages development. in primary to be acceptable shopping areas, unlikely are They close to housing or near schools, churches, hospitals, hotels or in or historic conservation or other places of special architectural areas character.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8.63 be appropriate, It may in certain cases, to attach planning conditions limiting 8.62 such uses, be a demand for may that there Whilst recognising the Council
8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 286 8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 287 (south) (junction) ough (junction) Local parades and Fortess Road Road Fortune Green Goodge Street Highgate High Street Highgate Road Lambs Conduit Street Leather Lane Circus Lismore Mansfield Road / Leigh Street Marchmont Place Tavistock / Street Mill Lane Street Murray Parkway Crescent Queen’s Park Road Regent’s / College Street Royal Camden Road South End Green Street Store Swains Lane Rise / Chetwynd York Road 4 individual shops throughout Eversholt Street Eversholt Fairfax Road End West Road / Finchley Lane the Bor Albany Street / Street Albany Robert Street Belsize Park / Hill Haverstock Belsize Village Road / Brecknock Yo r k Way Centre Brunswick Chalcot Road Chalton Street Chester Road Street Cleveland Cricklewood Broadway Road Crowndale Drummond Street Drury Lane Earlham Street Englands Lane Street Eversholt (north) Camden Town Kilburn High Road Swiss Cottage / Road Finchley Hampstead Town Kentish Hampstead West 3 Centres Neighbourhood 1 Major Centres 2 Centres District Appendix SH1:Appendix provision of shopping Hierarchy in Camden London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development (south side) (north side) (east side) (west side) (east side) (west side) , Shopping Centre including Kingswell (east side) (west side) (west side) (east side) (north west side) (south east side) Kentish Town Road Town Kentish Road Town 124-282 Kentish Hampstead 1-47 Hampstead High Street Road Town 189-345 Kentish Swiss Cottage/Finchley Road Swiss Cottage/Finchley Road 135-265 Finchley O2 Centre Major Centres: Secondary Frontages Shopping lie outside the Primary which but within the Areas Shopping Frontage boundary Map). Major Centre (see Proposals District Centres: Primary Shopping Frontages 55-84 Hampstead High Street 4-62 Heath Street Major Centres: Primary Shopping Frontages Camden Town Street 50-224 Camden High Street 57-265 Camden High Kilburn High Road 42-218 Kilburn High Road Appendix SH2:Appendix Primaryand secondary shopping district centres in major and frontages 23-47 Heath Street 23-47 Heath Street 1-10 Court Perrins Court 12-16 Perrins Walk 1-17 Flask Walk 2-10 Flask
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development
8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 288 8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 289 (east side) District Centres: SecondaryFrontages Shopping which lie outside the Primary within the but Areas Shopping Frontage boundary Map). District Centre Proposals (see West Hampstead West Lane End West 176-280 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES Appendix SH3: Shopping frontages in neighbourhood centres
Albany Street / Robert Street Chalton Street 1-6 Chester Court 1-37 Chalton Street 96-108 Robert Street (west side) 143-161 Robert Street 53-69 Chalton Street (west side) 16-46 Chalton Street Belsize Park / Haverstock Hill (east side) 192-210 Haverstock Hill (east side) Chester Road 240-250 Haverstock Hill (east side) 60-86 Chester Road 147-211 Haverstock Hill (west side) Cleveland Street 56 Maple Street Belsize Village 64-132 Cleveland Street 7-12a Belsize Terrace (east side) 29-39 Belsize Lane (south side) 44-74 Belsize Lane Cricklewood Broadway (north side) 2-112 Cricklewood 1-3 Belsize Place Broadway (east side)
Brecknock Road / York Way Crowndale Road 1-49 Brecknock Road 1-11 Crowndale Court (west side) 2-22 Crowndale Road 155-181 York Way (north side) (west side)
Drummond Street Brunswick Centre 94-144 Drummond 1-57 Brunswick Centre Street (north side) (east side) 115-165 Drummond 2-70 Brunswick Centre Street (south side) (west side) 62-64 Hampstead Road
Chalcot Road Drury Lane 31 Edis Street 191-159 Drury Lane 9-31 Princess Road (east side) 38-51 Chalcot Road 14-16 Drury Lane (south west side) (west side) 21-25 Drury Lane (west side)
290 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 291 (east side) (west side) (south side) (south side) (south side) (east side) Highgate Road Highgate 90-94 Highgate Road 95-117 Highgate Road 139-157 Highgate Road Lambs Conduit Street 28-94 Lambs Conduit Street 29-63 Lambs Conduit Street Lane Leather Road 87-91 Clerkenwell (Bourne Estate) 9-101 Leather Lane (west side) 14-26 Leather Lane (east side) Fortess Road 127-173 Fortess Road (west side) 114-158 Fortess Road (east side) Road 225-235 Brecknock (west side) Road Fortune Green 56-118 Fortune Green Road Goodge Street 1-53 Goodge Street (south side) 2-50 Goodge Street (north side) High Street Highgate Hill West 49-50 Highgate 3-17 Highgate High Street 25-27 Highgate High Street 31-71 Highgate High Street Finchley Road / West End Lane Road / West Finchley End Lane West 322-340 (east side) End Lane West 363-369 (west side) Road 455-489 Finchley (west side) Eversholt Street (South) Street Eversholt Street 16-76 Eversholt (east side) Street 80-118 Eversholt (east side) Road Fairfax 35-95 Fairfax Road (west side) 8-12 Fairhazel Gardens (north side) 1-13 Fairhazel Gardens (south side) Eversholt Street (North) Street Eversholt Street 188-192 Eversholt (east side) Street 235-277 Eversholt (west side) Street 207-217 Eversholt Ampthill Square) (west side Street 221-227 Eversholt Ampthill Square) (west side Englands Lane 2-50 Englands Lane (north side) 41-55 Englands Lane (south side) Earlham Street Street 2-26 Earlham (south side) 1-15 Fielding Court (south side) 1-11 Earlham Street (north side) 1-19 Earlham Court (north side) London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development (west side) (north side) (east side) (east side) (north side) (south side) (east side) Road 195, 201-211 Royal College Street College 152-184 Royal Street 84-128b Camden Road (east side) 57-75b Camden Road (west side) 159 St.Way Pancras South End Green 1-65 South End Green (west side) Street 37 Pond Street Store Street 28-42 Store (south side) Lane Swains Hill West 1-4 Highgate (west side) West 109-110 Highgate Hill 1-25 Swains Lane Queen’s Crescent Queen’s 131-203 Queen’s Crescent Crescent 58-104 Queen’s (south side) Cheriton Shops (21-30 Malden Road) 110-118 Malden Road (east side) Road Park Regent’s Park 51-119 Regent’s Road Park 126-172 Regent’s Road 1-4 Erskine Road 140-150 Gloucester Avenue / Camden Street College Royal (north side) Parkway 26-114 Parkway (north side) 27-105 Parkway (south side) Mill Lane 4-9 The Mansions 31 Mill Lane 33-83 Mill Lane (north side) 32-114 Mill Lane (south side) Street Murray 25 Agar Grove Street 1a-11 Murray Lismore Circus Lismore Circus 1-14 Lismore Mansfield Road 62-82 Mansfield Road (north side) / Leigh Street Marchmont Place Tavistock / Street Court 1-5 Medway (Leigh Street-north side) Street 65 Judd 3-8 Leigh Street (south side) 12-20 Leigh Street (south side) Street 31-91 Marchmont (west side) Street 56-96 Marchmont (west side) Place 23 Tavistock Place 50-56 Tavistock 41 Greville Street 41 Greville Lane 50-96 Leather (east side)
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development
8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 292 8 SHOPPING AND LOCAL SERVICES 293 York Rise / Chetwynd Road Rise / Chetwynd York 56-64 Chetwynd Road (south side) 61-69 Chetwynd Road (north side) 33-37 York Rise (west side) 12-24 York Rise (east side) (north side) Lane 2-6 Swains (south side) London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 9 Social and community uses 9 SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY USES
1
1 Part 1 policies 297
2
2 Introduction 299
3 General policies SC1 Retention and new provision of Class D1 uses 303 SC2 Location of social and community uses 304
4 Policies relating to specific activities with Class D1 SC3 Non-residential health care 304 SC4 Proposals for non-residential health care 305 SC5 Libraries 306 SC6 Religious meeting places 306 SC7 Under-fives provision 307 SC8 Education 308
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 295 1
9 Social and community uses 9 SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY USES
1 Part 1 policies
9.1 The following strategic policy has been identified in Part I and is repeated and justified here as a framework for Part 2 (local) policies:
SSC1 The Council will seek to secure a range of land and buildings for social and community uses that are well located, accessible and sufficient to meet existing and future local and strategic needs.
9.2 Social and community facilities and services make an important contribution towards sustaining residential communities and creating a healthy city where enterprise and community life can flourish. Some facilities such as advice or health centres, community centres and educational premises offer services to the whole community. Others provide for those with special needs, such as the elderly, people with learning difficulties or disabilities and children under five. Social and community uses play a vital role in supporting local communities, workers and visitors and have a significant impact on quality of life.
9.3 However, social and community uses have increasingly come under threat, both through funding constraints and from development pressures. Moreover, changes in the delivery of services have occasionally resulted in the loss of premises particularly suited to such uses. The Council is therefore concerned to ensure that a range of suitable premises are retained to meet both local and strategic needs for social and community facilities.
9.4 Opportunities for creating new provision (especially in the voluntary sector) tend to be restricted by the availability of suitable premises at affordable rents. Any improvements to provision are therefore likely to depend on retaining suitable floorspace in appropriate locations, encouraging greater flexibility in the use of existing premises as well as in the availability of additional resources and identifying opportunities for mixed use schemes to incorporate social and community provision.
9.5 The Council is also concerned to achieve an adequate range and distribution of facilities to meet a range of needs. It is important that such uses are well located close to the community they serve or easily accessible by public transport. Localised facilities are particularly important for people with caring responsibilities or mobility constraints, such as people with young children or with physical disabilities, those on low incomes and those without access to a car. Provision of an appropriate and accessible range of facilities and services is fundamental to the creation of a
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 297 9 SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY USES civilised city offering a high quality environment, a city of opportunities for all and a city of stable and secure residential neighbourhoods. The most appropriate locations for new provision are sites in non-residential use within predominantly residential or mixed use areas, or, subject to the operation of policies in chapter 8, within shopping and local service centres.
298 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 9 SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY USES 299 (para a strategic or even national significance by serving national significance by wide population a strategic or even boundaries. individual borough which extend beyond catchment areas “consider the relationship of planning policies and proposals to social needs and of planning policies and proposals “consider the relationship problems, in the population, groups impact on different including their likely such as ethnic minorities, groups, religious elderly and disabled people, women, single families,parent people living in deprived students and disadvantaged areas” community uses within Class D1 of the Town and Country (Use Planning Town uses within Class D1 of the community 1987.Classes) Order the institutions includes Class D1 Non-residential of medical or health services than hospitals, (other provision which are to in C2 (Residential institutions) and referred included within Class 6);chapter use as a crèche, centre; nursery or day day of the provision education; or gallery; use as a museum use as a public library, public hall or 10). (see also chapter or instruction worship place of religious The policies sections: into two been divided have to the range policies applicable general of uses within Class D1, to specific activities and detailed policies related within Class D1 such as health, services community uses. and educational of this deal with the land use implications The policies in this chapter provision. and the in this provision involved are of agencies number A sectors. to all applicable policies are 4.13). can address should also consider the extent to which they They use planning policies. issues of social exclusion though land health facilities, places of worship, facilities prisons and other community (para 4.14). emphasising considerations concludes by The section on social wider social of policies is influenced by the development that where considerations, these influences should be made explicit. had significant land use implications. health and social services and have Act 1988, Examples include the Education Reform the Council which gave as local education authority,responsibility local the and introduced management of schools;Act 1989, the Children which had significant provision; under-fives implications for and the National Health Service and Act 1990, Care Community is in which provision changed the way which health and mental difficulties, people with made for of emphasising the role 6). (see also chapter based in the community care Regional and strategic context National context 2 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 9.10 Some services example, (for on certain health and education facilities) take 9.7 planning authorities to: Guidance Note 12 (1999) requires Planning Policy 9.8 schools and higher education, land for for provision also make Plans should 9.9 of provision the affected and financial changes have of legislative A number 29.6 Introduction to the range of social and contains policies applicable This chapter (HAZ). by health inequalities health and reduce to improve This aims causes of ill health,tackling the underlying and integrating improving the necessaryservices infrastructure. developing and by has This chapter quality of life individuals’ of improving to the objectives particular relevance and of well-located of a range the provision through and well-being facilities. community designed social and Act 1990 Care NHS and Community those in need. for is provided institutional care The emphasis shifted from facilities, in smaller community-based to re-provision up by backed and support services. provision and daycare community improved The supervising for responsible jointly Council and the health authorities are of services,the provision the also be made by may although provision private and voluntary sectors and charitable organisations. Camden’s Plan, Care Community in conjunction with Camden and Islington produced Health ServicesAuthority and the Camden and Islington Family Health Authority (FHSA), and sensory physical assesses the needs of people with disabilities, those with mental health problems, illnesses, HIV and related learning difficulties, people, elderly and the homeless and explains children a full and integrated range of to provide together the agencies work how services. care community and the disposal of led to a rationalisation of sites authorities which have uses. alternative or surplus buildings for redundant practitioners’ of general Authority surveys Health ServicesFamily in Bloomsburypremises 1989 and Hampstead their purpose for inappropriate condition or were in poor Camden were or access difficulties.Abecause of layout further required 23 premises of improvement.some form Authority has Health Services The Family which takes or relocation a long term strategy of improvement developed pattern of services,into account the current the needs of consumers in the locality, primary developing the wishes of practitioners and the potential for team working. health care Camden and Islington Health Action Zone Action Health Camden and Islington Camden context Camden
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 9.12 care in which residential significant changes to the way Act introduced This 9.13 health for changes to the funding arrangements Act also introduced The 9.14 in that 16 of the 41 general practitioners’ premises revealed These surveys 9.11Action Zone. The Council is a partner in Camden and Islington Health
9 SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY USES 300 9 SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY USES 301 Childcare childcare. used for of accommodation standard Education Council’s The centres,Department of children’s runs a number nursery schools and full- nursery classes attached to primary provide schools which collectively time or part-time just under 30% of nursery in the places for aged children Borough. (for based services Most other non-curriculum under-fives for example, nurseries, day crèches, services) and childminding groups are play with the and voluntary the private by sectors and registered provided Education Department. registration for Act extended the requirement The up to the age of eight. children for providing premises to cover Education in the Borough. residing school-aged children education for provide The for the policy framework Plan provides Education Development Council’s the organisation, of the education service and running and development land use requirements. assessing future a basis for forms period, during the Plan to increase likely of rising birth as a result mainly away. families moving is not It and fewer rates within the Borough in the increases comparison between a direct to make straightforward school rolls.population of school age and the size of inter- are There movements,borough at county and children between a changing balance boarders.The weekly independent schools and the impact of LEA has these projected to convert Centre commissioned the London Research significant to have likely are and they projections into school roll increases local education provision.implications for primary Many schools in reached, now Camden have nearing, or are capacity. of numbers Growing further because their local school to travel having primary are age children capacity. maximum has reached significant to travel need may They distances, private transport either by to localised road (which contributes public transport,congestion) or by in children place very young which may situation. or dangerous vulnerable a potentially The lack of flexibility to of primaryaccommodate short-term in the numbers increases age children is of serious concern. education Environmental education and through environmental continuing schools through local areas.There affecting consultation on proposals are imaginative about the local significant opportunities more influencing and learning for decision making process.There the for is also considerable scope in the management and monitoring of local nature of schools involvement London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 9.15 the controlling stricter regulations Act 1989 introduced The Children 9.16Authority has a statutory to responsibility Camden as Local Education 9.17 is suggest that the population of school-aged children Recent projections 9.18 in awareness environmental to encourage greater The Council is eager residential or commercial use or a mix of uses, or commercial residential the Council will need to be reserves and open space and for developing the ecological and nature the ecological developing for and open space and reserves conservation example, sites (for space within school potential of open landscaping). improved planting or tree through schemes Accident remedial 1999-2000. Plan Road Safety priority in the Camden areas In residential schools, around and high risk areas the density of accidents is such that or tend to be inappropriate measures remedial traditional accident ineffective. In these instances, accidents to reducing approach an area-wide beneficial,is often extremely include significant proposals where especially 5). (see chapter traffic calming measures Further and higher education concentration of educational establishments in the south of the is a There Borough, headquarters of London including the federal of the University of its constituent Schools,and a large number Institutes and Colleges; the further and higher College (providing Camden’s main site of Kingsway Adult and Community the Borough’s educational facilities and incorporating Education sector); the Camden Institute; and London Centre Ward Mary College. Men’s Working or partly Other establishments which lie wholly Medicine, Hospital School of Free within Camden include the Royal the of North College and University London. Veterinary Royal Regeneration Community for Areas wards, high extremely Town by characterised not only which are Somers deprivation and by multiple concentrations of households suffering conditions, poor environmental relatively for pressure strong but also by for Areas been defined as development.Thesecommercial have areas Regeneration,Community the general intention of securing them as with environmental neighbourhoods and of seeking improved residential social, and improved of additional conditions and the provision community facilities and services.and leisure 2. in chapter given Further details are
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 9.22 schemes, major development granting permission for Before whether for 3 General policies 9.19 is a key children for local environment and secure of a safe The creation 9.20 further for and higher education. as a major centre Camden is recognised 9.21 areas, has identified three The Council and comprising parts of Kings Cross
9 SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY USES 302 9 SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY USES 303 community purposes of land and buildings within Class D1 of the purposes of land and buildings within Class community and Country 1987, Planning (Use Classes) Order Town Schedule to the particularly suitable in terms of their location, considered where accessibility, characteristics and physical is an identified there and where such use. need for community social and of new The development uses will be welcomed,community particular where and in areas such uses prevail, of buildings and land for deficiencies in the availability use schemes uses in mixed the Council will seek the inclusion of such under policy RE5, of changes of use from the promotion or through other sources. continued social and community use and that the standard and nature of and nature use and that the standard community social and continued example, change (for may service provision in the light of changing legislation). In considering individual proposals, the Council will therefore within the local provision alternative also consider adequate or improved area.community needed provision, to secure In order be it may use to seek inclusion of suitable accommodation in mixed appropriate schemes pursuant to policy RE5, and to consider the acceptability of other uses, changes from for proposals such as shops and offices. While fall within the ambit of policy SC1,churches churchyards, cemeteries and 8 of policies contained in section by covered are other burial grounds 4. chapter Retention and new provision of Class D1 uses provision new Retention and SC1 social and for and re-use the retention The Council will seek to secure a range of needs within the and help to meet a valuable local resource population. instance, For enable people to live such services may within the community,independent lives the quality of life, or help improve community. of the residential health and well-being social and Many within walking and are facilities servecommunity local catchment areas distance of them.the stock of suitable community Retaining and increasing uses. with commercial buildings is difficult in the face of competition suited to well use are in social and community already buildings Where and accessibility,such use in terms of layout is an there and where them, for provision identifiable need to make the Council will therefore changes to other uses. resist generally satisfied that new and existing communities affected by the proposals are the proposals by affected communities and existing new satisfied that provision. served social and community adequately by are that Proposals provision additional the need for often create large in scale or impact or to offset itself the development demands arising from either to meet the the by affected existing amenity or resource on) any the loss of (or impact in policy (further on planning obligations is given guidance development 3). RE6 in chapter London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 9.24 The Council recognises, however, unsuitable for are that some premises 9.23 facilities form community social and by The activities and services provided ensure an adequate standard,ensure and distribution of accessible health level to meet local and strategic needs. provision care community uses to be located so that they are easily accessible to, easily are so that they uses to be located community and needs of,designed to meet the intended to are they the communities serve. Class D1 and should be read in conjunction with general policies SC1 and in conjunction with Class D1 and should be read SC2. further detail, provide They emphasis or clarification of policies SC1 provision. community to specific types of social and relate and SC2 as they (Refer also to HG23 in chapter 6 for information on residential information 6 for in chapter also to HG23 (Refer is provided.) accommodation in which an element of care SC3 to providers health care with the appropriate The Council will work Non-residential health care health care Non-residential provision, accessible to all residents, the Borough. is maintained throughout Location of social and community uses community of social and Location SC2 social and or expanded new for proposals will require The Council community purposes provides facilities that are well designed, well facilities that are purposes provides community meet need of provision. an acceptable standard and provide will All proposals impact on amenity, to the likely regard be assessed having nevertheless and transport.environment an expansion for areas The most appropriate of public transport accessibility those with a high level of such uses are associated with effects the adverse ease of access and to avoid (both for traffic volume), increased particularly activities of London-wide or for of people. to attract large numbers likely which are significance regional in most appropriate be A3 would A1 to Although use within Classes and local parades,designated shopping centres in some instances (for example, to meet the needs of the client group), in order be it may shopping facilities to be located within local community for appropriate 8) or on sites within predominantly to policies in chapter (subject centres areas,residential small in scale, are proposals provided meet needs and do in unnecessary accommodation,not result loss of existing residential as SC4 and para. to in policy referred 4.4 below. within Class D1
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 9.26 specific activities within for been developed policies have The following 4 to specific activities relating Policies 9.27 of health care that a satisfactory wishes to ensure The Council level 9.25 social and for that all development Council wishes to ensure The
9 SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY USES 304 9 SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY USES 305 expansion of health care provision,expansion of health care the schemes involve except where accommodation. land or permanent residential net loss of residential Proposals for non-residential health care non-residential for Proposals SC4 in an result which proposals The Council will grant permission for occur during the period of the Plan.The that changes in Council recognises of services and standard need to be made,the provision but is concerned of service or standard to Camden is no loss of level that there to ensure residents. meet this objective, To and co-operation will be consultation in Authorities and other agencies involved with the Health required services. providing work in the Borough.The in the work improvements Council is concerned to promote to service delivery and an expansion of essential health care, ensuring that access to such facilities. good to have all continue However,priority is the accommodation. residential land and permanent residential to protect This is particularly important part in the southern of the Borough, where pressures by threatened increasingly are communities existing residential economic development,for will thus be there and expansion of health care and of land use schemes and other sources on mixed reliant more buildings. land or permanent a net loss of residential involving Proposals be permitted in exceptional only accommodation will therefore residential circumstances, example, for is an established need arising in there where facility and a the proposed for community the local residential premises. sites and demonstrable lack of suitable alternative In all cases, the is no serious impact on that there Council will be concerned to ensure example, (for local amenity or the environment traffic generation through or noise disturbance). fields are on open space and playing Policies 4. contained in section 8 of chapter It will therefore work in co-operation with the appropriate health care with the appropriate in co-operation work It will therefore sites and and distribution of adequate supply an ensure agencies to needs of local residents.The care to meet the health premises will Council assist, as far as practicable and reasonable, sites of new in the identification health sites for of and improvement the development for and premises centres, accessible, are clinics and surgeries so that they located suitably the Borough. across distributed and adequately and dental surgeries,premises sub- are existing premises where especially standard, and Authority Services Health the Family and will co-operate with that objective.The to achieve the health authorities most appropriate to be on sites within predominantly likely are provision new locations for small use or are in non-residential already either which are areas residential in scale, in unnecessary meet needs and do not result loss of existing accommodation,residential to in policy SC4 and para. as referred 9.29 below. or, also be suitable may use areas Mixed subject to the operation of 8,policies contained in chapter and local service shopping centres. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 9.30 Finally, to likely are of hospital care significant changes in the provision 9.29 is important facilities all those who live, Access to health care for and visit 9.28 of GP The Council is particularly facilitate the improvement concerned to for religious purposes provided it is satisfied that the proposals meet it is satisfied that the proposals purposes provided religious for land is no net loss of residential and that there the needs of residents accommodation. or permanent residential appropriately located,appropriately a range of accessible and caters for physically needs. the public, voluntary sectors. and private These services day-care include provision, meeting places, and advice centres, law for centres pre-training priority for provision difficulties and non-residential people with learning groups. needs, with specific services Some facilities offer groups for whilst such as meetings, a range of activities for a focus others provide exhibitions age groups. all for and social events SC6 or change of use redevelopment The Council will grant permission for in the Borough. that live and cultural groups religious the many use from A religious a total of 36 revealed listing of places of worship recent in Camden.organisations with premises some indication The list provides within the Borough. that seek to maintain premises of the range of groups in provision increase support any for The Council wishes to lend broad that matches the needs of local residents, of meeting a in the interests population. resident of needs within the Borough’s range and diversity The Council will also be sympathetic to the aesthetic traditions of religious to the design of places of worship. with regard groupings At all times, the land is no loss of residential that there Council will be concerned to ensure or floorspace (a priority use within the Plan) and no significant adverse example, (for or environment on local amenity effect traffic through generation or noise disturbance). Religious meeting places Libraries SC5 is library new provision that any The Council will seek to ensure communities. the service existing deficiencies where to improve Measures occur (including, if necessary, and increased relocation for proposals that the service important to ensure accessibility) are equality of offers access and opportunity. Community facilities Community
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 9.31 by provided and support are care to the community Services which provide 9.33 cultural and related religious for premises demand for is a continuing There 9.32 educational, a valuable Libraries are local for and cultural resource leisure
9 SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY USES 306 9 SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY USES 307 transport; and environment. secure provision of nursery education and childcare facilities provided there of nursery facilities provided education and childcare provision be: would a land or floorspace or open space; of residential no net loss b impact on local amenity, no significant adverse or environment cand set in a safe of adequate external on-site playspace the provision of new regulations to cover premises catering for children up to the age of up to the age children catering for premises to cover regulations of new eight, specific provision this section make by most of the facilities covered (that is, aged children pre-school for those under the age of five). Provision such as nursery both educational facilities schools covers under-fives for and nursery classes in primary schools, facilities such as day- childcare and nurseries,care groups. and play childminding an types of activity make Both important Plan’s the and complementary achieving contribution towards equal opportunities objectives. SC7 in the an increase grant permission for The Council will normally the net loss of involving schemes for be granted will only Permission land or floorspace or open space in exceptional circumstances residential for community need arising in the local residential is a proven there where sites and lack of suitable alternative facility and a proven the proposed premises. total demand aim of satisfying the with the eventual education and childcare places. educational and childcare for to choice provide This will not only meet the varying children, needs of young flexibility for but will also provide carers, and parents choose the best option to suit their enabling them to needs. to grow to continue is likely provision under-fives The demand for the period of the Plan,over of higher birth as a result rates and an increase seeking employment. and single parents women of in the numbers to meet demand. sufficient provision ensure The Council will therefore the Plan period, over in provision seek an increase including an expansion in provision. and range of its own the level Opportunities an expansion of for and, site availability limited by are provision in the case of LEA provision, by non-statutoryfinancial constraints affecting provision. In the latter instance, deficient in nursery to areas education given to be priority is likely provision, and meeting the needs of homeless children and to provision those whose first language is not English. in the Borough.provision opportunities an expansion of provision for Key accessible centres, (especially exist on the fringe of shopping centres 8) and in non-residential subject to the policies contained in chapter a net loss of which involves facility premises.Any under-fives proposed Under-fives provision Under-fives London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 9.35 in both of provision an expansion The Council is committed to achieving 9.36 to nursery education is to with regard ultimate objective The Council’s 9.37 is further The Council range of childcare committed to securing a wide 9.34 the applicability Act 1989 extended of the Children Whilst the introduction existing educational facilities, including further and higher education, and facilities, of new the development is no net loss of that there provided accommodation. land or permanent residential residential educational establishments towards increasing the range of employment increasing educational establishments towards (for development and extending community opportunities in the Borough example, local access to leisure, allowing by cultural and recreational facilities). with educational organisations to work The Council is eager to and is concerned to their integration into the local community increase the education adults across for and progression continuity effective ensure service and into further and higher education. facilitate the It will therefore can be accommodated without growth expansion of such uses wherever or to local amenity,detriment to the environment including the living and conditions of local people.working of the Plan. objectives amongst the key The Council recognises, however, the London-wide, national and, in some cases, international significance of further and higher education establishments in Camden, and the status as a major enhancing London’s towards make contribution they education and research. for centre particularly is therefore Close control Education SC8 the extension or alteration of The Council will grant permission for to meet the needs of the resident is adequate provision that there population of school age. are provision The opportunities major new for limited.extremely It is likely, therefore, that on-site extension of existing accommodating projected option for the preferred schools will remain of primary numbers in increases and secondary age children. The Council (including those proposals that development is concerned to ensure do not displace priority voluntary to and private sector provision) relating land or floorspace or open space,residential local amenity and protect example, (for meet internal and external standards people with access for disabilities; space - see of play and provision educational space standards Regulations 1981). 16 and the Educational (School Premises) chapter It is the required existing schools in Camden fall below noted that many of the playspace in respect regulations contained in the above standards per pupil. area residential land or floorspace will be resisted except in exceptional except will be resisted land or floorspace residential community arising in the local is a clear need there where circumstances sites or premises. of suitable alternative lack and a proven The Council’s of all the registration for Education Department (which has responsibility eight) will be consulted at an under the age of children facilities catering for applications.The stage on all relevant early will be concerned to Council (for on local amenity or environment effect is no adverse that there ensure example, generation or noise disturbance). traffic through
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 9.40 are and the environment communities of existing residential The protection 9.39 the valuable contribution made by The Council also acknowledges 9.38 effort, every The Council will make as local education authority, to ensure
9 SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY USES 308 9 SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY USES 309 facilities in such areas as leisure,facilities in such areas and after school hours childcare, holiday adult education and training. use the increased Encouraging and developing help to maximise will not only the community of educational facilities by as a community their potential and to realise resources use of scarce strategy for (an important element within the Council’s resource education),community developing a contribution to but will also help make deficient in provision. currently meeting demand in areas Community use of educational facilities Community necessarypart in the southern Borough, of the residential existing where by and supporting threatened communities services increasingly are demand the greatest of other uses and where expansion for pressures an expansion of furtherexists for and and higher education facilities associated uses. this reason, For of and development the growth London and associated of the University for educational establishments specific policy the be guided by will institutions in this part of the Borough CLA4). (policy Area the Central London for regime other for Proposals on their higher and further be treated educational establishments will of policy SC8. merits and in the light London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 9.41 of educational use community increased Considerable potential exists for 10 Leisure and culture 10 LEISURE AND CULTURE
1
1 Part 1 policies 313
2
2 Introduction 315
3 Leisure and culture uses LC1 Safeguarding existing provision 317 LC2 Location of new provision 318 LC3 Public access to facilities 319 LC4 Increased use of existing facilities 319 LC5 Temporary leisure and cultural uses 319 LC6 Play provision 320 LC7 Play provision 320 LC8 Floodlighting 321 LC9 Protection of existing facilities 321 LC10 Development of cultural facilities in Areas of Community Regeneration 321 LC11 Art in the environment 322
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 311 10 LEISURE AND CULTURE 313 buildings in leisure and cultural uses,buildings in leisure of the relocation and will welcome rise to nuisance. or give sited poorly those which are and cultural facilities to meet the needs of all ages and groups of leisure within the population. located and accessible. well facilities and activities that are repeated and justified here as a framework for Partfor 2 (local) policies: as a framework here and justified repeated SLC1 and enhance the stock of land and The Council will seek to retain SLC2 distribution and range an appropriate The Council will seek to ensure SLC3 and cultural leisure of new development The Council will encourage the base, vitality and local employment an area’s status as a and to London’s City.World of arts, and development The promotion and culture in regeneration, a significant role entertainment activities can also play environment, the physical improving the range of economic increasing and local identity. a sense of community activities and helping to develop threat, pressures. development funding constraints and from both through land uses not only profitable of more the development for Pressures new of creating the feasibility existing facilities but also reduce threaten provision. is a need, There therefore, support to and the retention locations and and cultural facilities in appropriate of leisure development in the industry. further for investment the right environment help create and is objective population as a key the Borough’s for cultural provision opportunities those groups and access for to increase anxious especially people’s lives.people’s people, many For as time is increasing the amount of leisure earlier retirement, of a result of part-time working, the growth the shortening hours and, of working some, for unemployment. continued Such activities can enhance quality of life, personal health and help to improve seeking personal fulfilment for avenues alternative and offer well-being environment. outside the working 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 10.4 and cultural facilities have, Existing leisure however, come under increasing 10.5 Finally, and and extension of leisure the protection the Council views 10.1 been identified in Part 1 and are policies have strategic The following 10culture and Leisure 1 1 policies Part 10.3 and social diversity, also help contribute to local physical These activities to 10.2 within significant role an increasingly activities play and cultural Leisure who typically have low participation low rates. have who typically an access is seen as Improving of improving objectives overall to the Plan’s important relating component Healthy and equality of opportunityquality of life as part Council’s of the Cities Strategy.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development
10 LEISURE AND CULTURE 314 10 LEISURE AND CULTURE 315 .It “the scope “to secure the provision of public open the provision “to secure development; or open space provision; recreation facilities for sport and recreation in London are required in order to in order required in London are sportfacilities for and recreation in the capital, of those who live the quality of life improve as to as well sporting as a world city. reputation London’s contribute towards on It goes that such activities are important components of civilised life,that such activities are can that they a valuable social and economic role,have and that participation can help 2). (para individuals’ health and well-being improve It emphasises the need land to of recreational or re-use the redevelopment decisions regarding for be based on a long term perspective, account of the needs of which takes (para 7). generations future the contribution of sport It also highlights and successful creating and open space towards provision recreational developments, and commercial residential be suggesting that it may to enter into built-up areas local authorities in highly for appropriate planning obligations with developers space and sporting, recreational, social, facilities educational or other community developments.as part mixed of larger Such might cover: agreements • to the related facilities of on-site and off-site recreational the provision • in the case of small developments, a contribution sport to nearby and • land or open space is lost” when recreational alternative provision 20). (para the term leisure and culture encompasses, and culture the term leisure things, amongst other outdoor sport recreation, and and maintenance of open spaces and the provision range of entertainment and a gardens uses.community However, open 4, chapter contained in space policies are and drink to food those relating 8, in chapter covered A3 uses) are with dealt (class are uses community and 7.in the chapter in covered are tourist development Hotels and related 11.chapter therefore in this chapter policies by The range of uses covered indoor sportincludes principally and recreation, entertainment uses such as cinemas, theatres, concert halls, halls, bingo casinos and dance halls, and cultural uses such as museums, and exhibition halls. libraries people” the region’s amenities for to provide facilities leisure major new for arts, to relating developments for the importancealso stresses of provision the South for the quality of life and entertainmentculture uses in improving (section 3.13). residents East’s Strategic context National and regional context National and regional 2 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 10.9 states that Authorities (1996) London Planning Strategic Guidance for 10.8 to the South East (1994) refers for Regional Planning Guidance 10.7 Guidance Note 17: Planning Policy suggests (1991) Sport and Recreation 210.6 Introduction and cultural activities. deals with leisure This chapter widest sense, In its provision, public open space such as of recreational with major areas Hampstead Heath,Waterlow Park, Parliament Hill, and Park Regent’s Hill.Primrose However, masks significant deficiencies in certain this picture and their spatial distribution.types of provision level, At the Borough-wide outdoor recreational formal many for is significant under-provision there activities, including football, cricket, tennis, and rugby, hockey as for as well deficient in are some areas certain indoor activities whilst at the local level example,access to public open space (for Hampstead and Kilburn,West Town). those who by felt Kentish most keenly These deficiencies are and need facilities which are provision to alternative travel cannot easily located close to, accessible from, and easily home and work. in provision. tackling deficiencies for However, to is keen the Council which small-scale provision) facilities (especially encourage leisure local residential and benefit pattern of provision complement the current communities, which facilitate and will particularly encourage proposals Camden context to suggest that people should have access to a range of high quality sports a range of high quality access to have that people should to suggest facilities (para. 7.20). the into account urged to take are Authorities sport and recreation, towards policy government’s PPG17, outlined in when inclusion in development and policies for requirements assessing their own plans. Prospect.ThisA Capital document strategy - recreation (LCSR) regional observes that, activities has although in general participation in leisure in London,increased participation significantly certain rates for activities are those in other regions.below of access to opportunities for level A low as an important is seen deprivation and indicator of sport recreation and inequality, in that most of the increase showing analysis by reinforced a view participation young, by has been accounted for white, male, able-bodied, well-paid, people. car-owning to The only LCSR emphasises the need not provision,increase certain groups, but also to target it towards including women, the unemployed, people with disabilities, ethnic minorities and the 50s. over land uses and employment base of mixed should encourage a broad opportunities in Central London, including arts,and entertainment culture uses. Certainly, as a centre renowned London has long been internationally the artsfor of cultural and entertainment a range and for industries. Collectively, an important economic contribution, these activities make of 126,000 jobs in London alone (a large proportion approximately creating concentrated in Central London). which are of this share Camden’s amounts to an estimated 10,000 jobs. also help to sustain Cultural activities tourism industry. London’s
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 10.13 financial constraints placed on the Council limit the potential The current 10.12 in terms of leisure favoured well to be relatively appear Camden may 10.10 Sport Council for Further in the London and Recreation’s given guidance is 10.11 to cultural uses, Turning Strategic Guidance suggests (para. 2.28) that UDPs
10 LEISURE AND CULTURE 316 10 LEISURE AND CULTURE 317 for leisure or cultural facilities, leisure for schemes that the Council will welcome of such uses,enable the retention suitable alternative or which make provision. create, which would proposals The Council will resist or add to, and leisure of buildings for identified shortfall any in provision cultural uses. protect the amenity value of open space and the opportunities presented protect use. recreational informal for Safeguarding existing provision existing Safeguarding LC1 used include sites and buildings currently proposals development Where City role,World help to sustain and support residential to London’s communities, contribution to the Borough’s a significant and also make social, fabric. economic and physical such Land and buildings suitable for be retained,uses should therefore and improved, possible. wherever Given more from under threat uses are and culture the extent to which leisure development, commercial profitable protection strong the Council will give access for local people at certain local charges.Theaccess for and at agreed times Council’s in any Services and Community Leisure Departmentinvolved will be closely specific of catering for the possibility and will wish to explore negotiations example, (for groups Camden sessions) and operating the women-only Scheme. Card Leisure of London-wide,of which are and international importance. national and maintain Collectively, been instrumental in helping to develop have they City.World as a reputation London’s However,sector a thriving cultural contribution to the local economy, a significant also makes increasing vitality, jobs, providing and, generating revenue right, if conditions are the regeneration, physical and improvements environmental momentum for as and Camden Lock. Garden in the cases of Covent time.They of their leisure enjoyment an can play and enrich people’s of life and channels of expression and open up new important educational role and individuals.opportunity groups for Cultural activities can also increase participation, of understanding and help to build a sense multi-cultural community. cultural is needed to guide new planning framework A positive locations, appropriate the most towards development to maximise benefits existing facilities. to local people and to protect London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 310.16 and cultural uses Leisure 4 which seek to policies complement those in chapter The following 10.17 which contribute an important and cultural facilities are resource Leisure 10.14 In terms of cultural provision, of facilities, Camden possesses a wealth many 10.15 On an individual level, activities and facilities help to enhance quality cultural King’s Cross Opportunity Area, to the and OpportunityArea Cross King’s the Central London Major Centres. be made where an exception may Outside these areas is small in scale and meets local needs.the proposal All proposals to the scale, positively should respond character and mix of land uses in area. the surrounding underpin London’s national and international status.underpin London’s Subject to the policy safeguards, as a particularly leisure suitable location for is regarded this area and cultural uses. enhance the character and may Such developments vitality of the area, of activity to the mix of uses and level contribute outside office hours, essential support services and provide to local communities. and cultural uses. of leisure the development locations for appropriate Such of centres, attractiveness the overall increase uses may with potential trade.They retail and beneficial spin-offs for also help strengthen may maintain the vitality and mix of uses within centres,“evening a lively create options outside business hours and extend the range of leisure economy” to local communities.Theavailable of an evening successful development depends, in local centres economy however, of an efficient on the provision transport system, to Central linking local centres network with an effective areas. London and to residential Location of new provision Location of new LC2 and cultural uses to the leisure for The Council will guide proposals access to facilities, easy ensure and cultural uses should be directed leisure of public transport with a high degree in the Borough areas towards accessibility. However, the first test in locating such this is simply (in line with – the Council will also be concerned to ensure development is no significant in the Plan) that there policies contained elsewhere amenity,detrimental impact on residential or transport the environment networks. in also be compatible with their surroundings must Proposals terms of scale, character and mix of uses. to land and buildings used for these purposes where there is an identified there where these purposes buildings used for to land and shortfall type, in terms of scale, or distribution. is provision If replacement proposed, this to be of a similar or improved the Council will expect standard,serve to of continuing same, the capable or a wider, catchment area, accessibility. in no diminution with social, activities to the Borough’s cultural facilities and economic and in this reduction opposed to any fabric and is generally physical contribution.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 10.2110.22 13. contained in chapter are Cross King’s for Policies also seen as are shopping and service The major of the Borough centres 10.20 a range of activities which for acts as a focus Area London The Central 10.19 and traffic volume associated with increased effects the adverse avoid To 10.18 and the important leisure contribution made by The Council recognises
10 LEISURE AND CULTURE 318 10 LEISURE AND CULTURE 319 sites and premises for leisure and cultural activities, leisure for sites and premises that such provided land or in the permanent loss of residential do not result proposals or transport is no conflict with environmental floorspace and there policies and standards. the Council will seek to secure public access to facilities controlled by public access to facilities controlled the Council will seek to secure organisations. other public and private agencies and of artificial pitches for in the provision facilities (including an increase outdoor recreation).formal will be assessed in the light of All proposals and transport policies and standards. environment services and facilities often in a mixed use environment.Theservices in a mixed and facilities often Council places communities, on sustaining existing residential considerable emphasis supporting the amenity and facilities and services and improving such areas. of environment be and cultural uses will generally Leisure and with the character of the area. objectives inconsistent with these 3. chapter Temporary leisure and cultural uses leisure Temporary LC5 the temporary for use of vacant proposals The Council will encourage short-term response to the demands for increased and more appropriate and more increased short-term to the demands for response provision.leisure help increase may It is hoped that such provision activities, community-oriented cost) for (at low provision particularly those Increased use of existing facilities use of existing Increased LC4 intensifying the use of leisure The Council will examine the potential for Public access to facilities Public LC3 development, leisure schemes for opportunities Where arise through and limited opportunities an expansion of provision. for Encouraging more access, of existing facilities can help improve use intensive for especially outdoor recreation.formal such activities which for provision Additional land. competition for constrained by of land is severely large areas require of artificial pitches,The development intensively which can be used more opportunities as turf pitches) can increase for times as much (up to three recreation. should not, Their development however, be permitted at the an fields or other open space which have expense of existing playing formal any importance beyond extending to the local community role. recreational London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 10.24 in development use to policy RE5 on mixed should also be made Reference 10.23 land use is residential, the predominant Outside these areas with associated 10.26 vacant, The use of a flexible can provide or underused premises redundant 10.25 facilities in Camden and recreation is a general shortage There of leisure accessible and stimulating play facilities, play accessible and stimulating situated in a safe, secure a range of needs. and catering for environment facilities, play for schemes, or retail particularly in large residential the increased appropriately to make developers Council will require provision. Play provision Play LC6 a range of well-located, The Council will seek to provide physically LC7 demands in increased to result is likely development proposed Where acquire a range of social,acquire skills.The and physical interactive to Council seeks a satisfactory distribution of supervisedprovide and unsupervised provision a variety and to cater for home) walking distance from within easy (ideally to age,of needs according gender and culture.Where necessary considered development,to the proposed by provision the Council will seek to secure of planning condition or,way satisfied, policy RE6 criteria are where a by planning obligation. is fully provision It is particularly important that play that all with disabilities to ensure (and carers) accessible to children adequate opportunities to play, have and a safe children and that it provides environment. play secure groups, includes play local provision Appropriate One O’Clock Clubs, crèches, libraries, toy clubs and special interest youth clubs. provision, Outdoor play to open spaces,that relating including school fields, and playing playgrounds policies EN48 and EN51 in by is covered 4.chapter 16 (provision to DS3 in chapter should also be made Reference areas). of play of benefit to priority groups (ethnic minorities,to priority groups of benefit with and people women disabilities). will examine the possibility, The Council as opportunities arise, to ownership within its or underused premises unused of converting and temporary) uses (both permanent leisure and will encourage facilities. in the planning and design of such involvement community and individuals starting out, groups for small-scale uses and a situation other, for pressures intense development profitable by more aggravated uses. small-scale arts for temporary and cultural uses, Increased provision such as studios, workshops, studios, recording and practice rooms exhibition space, be of significant benefit to local groups, could including priority groups. such provision, It is hoped that cost, at low assist may activities,community-based Community for Areas particularly in Regeneration. the from proposals The Council will particularly welcome voluntary sector, in facilitating it plays the important recognising role within the Borough. cultural activities and events
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 10.28 of children, development the healthy is essential for Play helping them to 10.27 cultural activities, for a shortage is There of suitable premises for especially
10 LEISURE AND CULTURE 320 10 LEISURE AND CULTURE 321 theatres. Regeneration, Community for Areas those which meet the especially needs of priority or disadvantaged groups. floodlighting of existing outdoor leisure facilities, outdoor leisure floodlighting of existing is no there provided virtue by loss to local amenity visual intrusion. or of nuisance In implementing this policy, special attention to the pay the Council will desirability of preserving of enhancing the character or appearance or conservation areas. resource. However, balance needs to be maintained an appropriate (see policies in chapter habitat roles and wildlife recreational its between 15 and particularly policy RC6 on recreation). Development of cultural facilities in Areas of Areas of cultural facilities in Development Regeneration Community LC10 of cultural facilities in the development The Council will encourage Protection of existing facilities of existing Protection LC9 in the loss of existing which result proposals The Council will resist and of of the Borough to the rich cultural diversity theatres made by London as a whole. a sui generis are Under planning legislation theatres use (that is, of the 1987 Use Classes Order). lie outside the provisions they changes of use. proposed over the Council control This gives neighbourhoods and 2) with the intention of securing them as residential The Regent’s Canal The Regent’s Floodlighting LC8 the for sympathetic to proposals be will normally The Council facilities and thus help to increase provision. to increase facilities and thus help important, It is however, areas, in residential especially loss of amenity or is no that there ensure to habitats. upon wildlife effect adverse at night light can be a nuisance Stray day. by intrusive can be visually themselves time while the structures The consider the use of conditions to limit the hours of operation Council may and minimise disturbance. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 10.30 important as a local recreational The canal is becoming increasingly 10.31the unique contribution and enhance to protect The Council is anxious 10.32 Regeneration (see chapter Community for Areas has defined The Council 10.29 leisure hours of use for the available increase Floodlighting can significantly both new and existing development. both new considers would be particularly suitable for the provision of public art of be particularly the provision suitable for considers would developments, commercial include major new large-scale housing schemes developments,or mixed transport and new developments major retail infrastructure. also, It may subject to consultation, public for be appropriate of public open space. in areas art to be provided housing such works, art performance for facilities and other arts and cultural events. to participate invited in such provision are Developers Art has operated since scheme which the Council for the Percent through 1988. Further art contained in Supplementary details on public are Planning Guidance. Art in the environment LC11 of public art connection with in the provision The Council will welcome building and its setting, local character and identity, promote and make user-friendly.schemes more a wider contribution to urban also make It can to further improvements helping to promote design strategy (thereby quality) and assist long-term urban regeneration.environmental Such and buildings of areas the attractiveness enhance can significantly measures to residents, and visitors alike, workers positive have and thereby the developer. advantages for seeking the improved provision of supporting services facilities and provision improved seeking the cultural provision).(including to foster can help provision Appropriate and opportunities group for as providing as well development community individual artistic and cultural expression. also help to enhance may They the local economy. and stimulate attractiveness image and an area’s meeting local needs, towards geared be should normally Provision especially and others experiencing disadvantage. those of priority groups
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 10.35 of art of works and craft, include the provision Public art may facilities for 10.34 which the Council development The type of existing and proposed 10.33 a enhance may of public art in connection with development The provision
10 LEISURE AND CULTURE 322 11 TOURISM 325 TM1TM2 tourism development New TM3 tourism development new Locations suitable for infrastructure Tourism 332 331 333 1 1: Part policies2 Introduction3 Policies 327 329 2 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 11 Tourism 253 1
11 Tourism 11 TOURISM
1 Part I policies
11.1 The following strategic policies have been identified in Part I and are repeated and justified here as a framework for Part 2 (local) policies:
STM1 The Council supports the development of tourism-related uses in appropriate locations within the Borough, where such development can be accommodated without adversely affecting the quality and character of the local environment.
STM2 The Council will endeavour to control the development of tourism uses to secure maximum opportunities and benefits for the local community and local businesses, whilst ensuring that any harmful effects are minimised.
STM3 The Council will seek to ensure, as far as possible, equality of access to all tourism facilities, both for visitors to Camden and for the local community.
11.2 The Council supports the development of tourism and associated tourist facilities, but only where this does not conflict with the key objectives of the Plan. The Council recognises that tourism can make a significant economic contribution both within the Borough and at strategic and national levels, and can stimulate investment in other activities, for example, arts, cultural and entertainment uses. Tourism also generates considerable revenue and employment and has a role to play in securing economic and environmental regeneration. The tourism sector sustains approximately 35,000 jobs in Camden, both directly and indirectly (i.e. 1 in 7 of the working population).
11.3 The Council is aware, however, of the impact on the environment and on transportation networks which can arise from new or expanded tourism development. It will ensure that any such development does not compromise the Council’s commitment to protecting and improving local employment opportunities; access to housing, social and community facilities; transportation; and the quality of the local environment, both at key attractions and in adjoining residential areas. Where development can be accommodated without significant adverse affects, the Council will seek to maximise any potential benefits for the local community.
11.4 The Council also recognises that sensitive tourism provision (especially that related to local heritage and history) can enhance opportunities and
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 327 11 TOURISM interest for local residents. The Council is eager to promote improved access and more frequent visits to existing tourism facilities by local residents.
328 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 11 TOURISM 329 “a (section 3.12). whilst striking which is of particular “a major industry in the South East” tourism as sectors and it will be vital to the future growth tourism is one of London’s embraced. that tourism opportunities are economy success of the capital’s hotels in areas policies to encourage to prepare Guidance urges boroughs visitors, be acceptable for that would and be benefit the local economy accessible to public transport. neighbouring should respect Development communities.residential assessment of detailed considerations such Careful as design, of picking up and setting down location and the provision and taxis will be needed. coaches facilities for of The over-concentration should be avoided,Area within the Central hotels in limited areas although hotels in parts some vacant office space for exists scope to develop there of this area. significance of tourism, impact and its importance to land its environmental use planning. authorities to facilitate and encourage development It urges in tourism provision,and improvement of effects adverse while tackling any and positive in a constructive existing tourist attractions and activity manner. hotel for A of PPG21 contains advice on applications Annex developments. importance in London. Planning authorities, it emphasises, should develop tourism” for of facilities provision towards “a positive approach that cater mainly for visitors to the Borough. for that cater mainly of this The main focus is on hotels,chapter and on ancillary centres and exhibition conference centres.Theinformation signs and such as direction provision development 12. in policy PU7 in Chapter is covered of public conveniences is There also, however, in the Plan elsewhere a close link with activities described example,(for cultural activities, history activities building on local and heritage, shopping and markets). open space and specialist chapter The tourist and centres exhibition and conference includes policies on attractions. and other tourism or expanded hotels new for Proposals taxis and for adequate provision to make will be required developments 5. coaches in line with policies in Chapter balance between the needs of visitors and the host community” Strategic context National and regional context context National and regional 2 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 11.8 that recognises Authorities (1996) London Planning Strategic Guidance for 11.7 to reference the South East (1994) makes Regional Planning Guidance for 11.6 (1992) outlines the economic Guidance 21:Tourism Planning Policy 211.5 Introduction In this chapter, a range of activities tourism is used to describe the term 11 TOURISM 11.9 London is an extremely popular tourist destination. Estimates for 1997 by the London Tourist Board indicate that approximately 26.6 million overnight visitors stayed in the capital and spent £7.69 billion, while leisure day trips accounted for an additional 132 million visitors spending a further £1.72 billion. Of those staying overnight, around 12.8 million are domestic visitors (a figure which is forecast to grow to over 14 million by the year 2001).The number of overseas visitors to London is forecast to increase to over 15 million per annum by 2001. Camden’s share of the overnight visitor market in 1997 was estimated to be over 4 million people, spending approximately £1 billion, compared with day visitors who spent £72.9 million. Tourism also plays an important role in providing employment and stimulating growth. Approximately 14 per cent of all employment in Camden is tourism-related.
11.10 In order to maintain or improve this position and enhance London’s status as a World City, every effort will be needed to enhance the city’s competitive advantage. Environmental quality and ease of travel across and within London are important factors in this respect. At the same time, the level of growth forecast could have serious environmental consequences, particularly for Central London, without a strong locational planning framework and environmental policies to control development. In many central areas, major increases in hotel provision would be likely to place unacceptable pressures on the environment, transport systems and on the quality of life enjoyed by residential communities.
Camden context
11.11 A large number of tourists visit Camden, either passing through on day trips or stopping overnight. Tourism activity tends to be highly concentrated in the southern half of the Borough where there are a number of major tourist attractions, including Camden Lock Market and the British Museum, London’s most popular tourist venue attracting over 5 million visitors per annum. Further north there are a number of other key tourist sites (for example, Keats House and the Iveagh Bequest, Kenwood).
11.12 Camden has the third largest stock of visitor accommodation in London after Westminster and Kensington and Chelsea, with over 21,000 bed spaces in serviced accommodation (15% of London’s total stock). This stock of hotels and guest houses forms a small but important element within the housing stock, providing temporary residential accommodation not only for visitors, but also for temporary workers, those seeking new permanent accommodation and those in London on business. Hotels also make a significant contribution towards local employment and the local (and strategic) economy. Throughout the Borough, the Council will normally resist the loss of hotels to non-residential uses, in line with policy HG1 in Chapter 6.
11.13 Although the Borough benefits from revenue and employment generation arising from tourism, the Council is concerned to minimise any adverse impacts of tourism growth on transport and the environment, such as
330 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 11 TOURISM 331 which have as their focus the local environment, as their focus which have history or heritage, and designed to features will encourage existing attractions to include local involvement.attract local visitors and increase will The Council of tourist attractions and activities also encourage the development population character of the Borough’s the multicultural which reflect and of London as a whole. including conference and exhibition centres,including conference located in the most are so that the character, locations within the Borough appropriate amenity and can be protected use areas and mixed of existing residential environment development. impacts of new the adverse from will be All proposals and transport policies and with environment to conform required standards. Locations suitable for new tourism development new for Locations suitable centres) and exhibition (including conference New tourism development development tourism New TM1 tourist development new for The Council will encourage proposals quality of life, to be of likely on aspects focus they where especially particular to local residents. interest a can also have developments Such in an local interest increased significant educational value and generate history, social area’s and environment. culture of local The involvement a sense of also help increase of activities may the development in residents identity.local community ethnic and The Council also seeks to promote tourist industry to meet the needs within the Borough’s cultural diversity and visitors.This help of black and ethnic minority residents may approach opportunities and all sectors of the community for employment stimulate the and facilities for of attractions the scope and appeal help broaden and visitors. benefit of both residents congestion, loss of amenity, to uses profitable more from and threats services communities. which support local residential A policy framework benefits of tourism in Camden which maximises the potential is required of these impacts. account whilst taking careful therefore The Council has to tourism growth the potential for which limits adopted an approach of public a high level which have in the Borough areas appropriate Area) transport London (including those outside the Central accessibility adverse without any can be accommodated developments and where on local amenity,effects or transport conditions. environment London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 11.15 hotel and tourism uses, that new is concerned to ensure The Council 3 Policies 11.14 improving a significant contribution towards can make attractions Tourist 11 TOURISM 11.16 In particular, the Council wishes to promote an increase in the provision of small budget and medium priced hotels to help redress the present imbalance in provision (recognised in Strategic Guidance). The availability of accommodation in these price categories would be improved if more suitable accommodation could be found for homeless people currently living in bed and breakfast accommodation. However, there is a need for additional provision to increase choice and improve visitor access. The development of small hotels may well contribute towards the mixed use character of areas (in appropriate circumstances) as well as having less impact on the environment and transport.
11.17 The Council also recognises that the development of conference and other business-related uses can help enhance the attractiveness of London as a world class centre for business and financial services, as well as offering potential for increasing revenue from tourism, and benefits for local businesses. These are most appropriately located within those areas of high public transport accessibility identified in TM2.
TM2 The Council will guide proposals for tourism uses to locations that are well related to the transport network and to established centres of tourism activity including, in particular, the King’s Cross Opportunity Area, the Central London Area and the Major Centres. All such proposals will be considered having regard to: a compatibility with residential, employment and environmental objectives for the area; b impact upon existing residential and business communities and support services; c effect on the retail character or function of the area; d implications for the capacity of the transport system and the quality of the environment; and e cumulative effects of noise and disturbance from traffic and parking on local amenity.
11.18 In order to minimise the adverse impact of vehicular traffic on the environment, and ensure easy access to the most popular facilities, tourism uses should be located in areas of the Borough which are well related to the major road network and to public transport, and to the main tourist sights. Proposals will therefore be focused on the King’s Cross Opportunity Area, the Central London Area and the Major Centres.
11.19 Policies for the King’s Cross Opportunity Area are contained in chapter 13. There may be scope for hotel development as part of a mixed use scheme.
11.20 The factors which will be taken into account in assessing proposals within Central London are explained more fully in descriptions for that area (see chapter 14).
11.21 The major shopping centres of the Borough are also seen as appropriate locations for the development of tourism related uses. Such uses may
332 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 11 TOURISM 333 infrastructure and to the environment of existing facilities. and to the environment infrastructure All provision with the character of the designed to be in keeping should be carefully benefit without causing physical and located to maximum area obstruction or visual intrusion. Tourism infrastructure Tourism TM3 tourism to the Borough’s The Council will encourage improvements Mixed use development use development Mixed Centres, Information signing, the Tourist improve can significantly toilets and to visitors and enhance the quality of their accessibility of the environment stay. local benefits for additional can provide provision Appropriate of the Borough. the attractiveness improve and generally residents In addition, the importance of maintaining and the Council recognises residents, for the quality of the environment improving and visitors workers alike, in the vicinity of existing tourist attractions and including open space facilities. services and facilities.The emphasis on sustaining and places great Council a and will apply of such areas the amenity and environment improving (see policy RE4). proposals sequential test to all example, For the of public (including those with a high level Centres District Borough’s not are transport and they local needs serve accessibility) predominantly tourism development. new locations for as appropriate promoted therefore taxis which attract be made in developments must to the public highway and/or coaches, of safety, and of the environment in the interests and in to minimise congestion.order hotels and other tourism new for Proposals taxis and for adequate provision to make will be required developments 5). TR8 (chapter coaches,TR7 and policies in line with on-site to provide hotel development schemes for for appropriate staff. accommodation for increase the overall attractiveness of the centres, of the attractiveness the overall increase beneficial with potential trade.They retail the and maintain spin-offs for help to strengthen also may and extend the range of places within centres vitality and mix of uses to visit. local communities for available 11.25 elements,infrastructure tourism of appropriate The provision such as 11.23 access, for Adequate provision and alighting without obstruction boarding 11.24 use development), with policy RE5 (mixed In complying be it may 11.22 Outside these areas,land use is residential, the predominant with associated London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 12 PUBLIC UTILITIES AND SERVICES 335 PU1 General utilities policyPU2 Emergency servicesPU3 management Waste PU4 Recycling facilitiesPU5 of waste Handling PU6 waste installations and hazardous Hazardous PU7 Public conveniencesPU8 Telecommunications 344 340 341 342 343 343 344 345 1 1 policies Part 2 Introduction3 Policies 337 338 2 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 12 and services utilities Public 12 PUBLIC UTILITIES AND SERVICES 337 ordinate and consult with the Council before providing new or new providing and consult with the Council before ordinate services and facilities. improved systems,telecommunications to committed fully while remaining objectives. environmental repeated and justified here as a framework for Partfor 2 (local) policies: as a framework here and justified repeated SPU1 to co- Council will encourage public utility and service The providers SPU2 and existing of new Council will seek to facilitate the growth The which seeks to in a way installed should be undertaken and apparatus amenity and maintain and enhance the quality of the environment protect within the Borough. the Council is consulted on such In all cases where matters, and seek to minimise of provision a high standard it will promote on local amenity or environment. impacts adverse any Borough. The statutory operators and telecommunication undertakers of operational and accommodation a number these services have providing requirements. in co-ordinating an important role Council can play The liaison, and effective and ensuring regular these requirements as required, departments within the Council. and relevant servicebetween providers efficiency,Such co-operation can increase and inconvenience reduce on local amenity and environment. effects adverse minimise any 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 12.1 been identified in Part 1 and are policies have strategic The following 12 services Utilities and Public 1 1 policies Part 12.3 service out by carried providers is concerned that all works The Council 12.2 and services public utilities is made for in the A wide range of provision (para 6.18). sewage disposal,sewage conveniences; public services; and police, departments example, (for government by development magistrates courts). “in preparing plans, authorities of the should consider both the requirements and in other authorities’ land – both in their own utilities for – to enable areas them to meet the demands that will be placed upon them. also They should demand” of increased effects consider the wider environmental private and public – including the London Borough of Camden), including the London Borough private and public – carry out of public utilities and services.the provision Statutory are undertakers Act 1990 and and CountryPlanning Town 262 of the defined under Section include gas, electricity and water suppliers, and the undertakers sewerage Office,Post authorised to carry legally as those organisations out as well road, rail and water transport undertakings. Camden include: • – electricity, and service infrastructure provision gas, water, waste and • – a wide range of postal and telecommunications telecommunications • services of emergency and related – ambulance, the provision and fire plans of their development account in preparing on local authorities to take of statutory and public utilities, undertakers the requirements the Council public utility and service over provision. limited control has only Many statutory by out carried fall undertakers and works of development forms and Country Planning Town under the within permitted development planning and do not require 1995 Order Development General Permitted the Council.permission from include some Examples of such works to services;operational activities such as repairs of mains, the laying pipes and cables; the installation of post boxes; of lamp and the erection standards, kiosks, information shelters, passenger seats, telephone boxes bins.and refuse In addition, for planning permission is not required Police, departments and the Metropolitan government by developments under procedures is subject to consultation although such development 18/84. Circular statutoryconsultation and liaison between and the Council, undertakers in of the environment. the interests National context
2
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 12.8 Guidance Note 12: Planning Policy Plans (1999) states that: Development 12.5 in, Services to those living and working essential that are visiting and 12.6 a statutoryAct 1990 places duty and Country Planning Town Although the 12.7 co-ordination, emphasises the importance This chapter of effective 212.4 Introduction of organisations, A number authorities and statutory (both undertakers
12 PUBLIC UTILITIES AND SERVICES 338 12 PUBLIC UTILITIES AND SERVICES 339 their services on a regional or sub-regional basis.their services or sub-regional on a regional However, is little there implications of public and London-wide guidance on the land-use regional utility and service provision, to be with the exception of the provisions waste management.Themade for licensing, supervision, co-ordination, a complex out by collection and disposal of waste in London is carried of public bodies and private contractors. network that it is the responsibility of waste planning authorities to provide an provide authorities to of waste planning responsibility that it is the industry to enable the waste management to establish adequate framework that meets the objectives a way waste management facilities in appropriate of sustainable development. It further establishes that in unitary authorities Part plan. the UDP will constitute the waste local 2 of waste recycling municipal and sets national targets for dealing with waste Act waste management.Theand other aspects of Protection Environmental 1990, plans recycling authorities to produce imposes a duty upon local will be an the extent to which recycling intended to demonstrate which are and practice. waste management philosophy integral part of the authority’s Part 4 of the Housing from derived largely are which substances provisions Act 1986.and Planning Hazardous for the requirement It introduces substances (over of hazardous the retention Substances Consent for specified quantities) in the Borough. for 11/92 Planning Controls Circular hazardous involving development to new Substances refers Hazardous in the vicinity of installations handling or substances and to development sites. substances and explosives storing hazardous It sets out specific explains and Executive consulting the Health and Safety for arrangements of the Hazardous and enforcement dealing with applications for procedures Act.Substances Accident Hazards) of Major The COMAH (Control of fuels, certain large quantities sites where Regulations 1999 require a licence or handled to be operated with stored chemicals or gases are Executive. Safety Agency and Health and the Environment from of to facilitate the growth policy is generally government telecommunications. In part, Schedule 2 of the through this is achieved 1995 Order and Country Development) Planning (General Permitted Town (as amended), the rights for which grants permitted development apparatus.installation of a range of telecommunication PPG8 observes, committed to preservinghowever, is fully the national that the government does not mean of telecommunications heritage and states that the growth of buildings,that the appearance and the countryside towns can be allowed (para 5). serious damage to suffer In all cases, must, apparatus so far as practicable, external upon the be sited so as to minimise its effect of buildings. appearance Regional and strategic context London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 12.13 for public utility and service The majority of the authorities plan provision 12.10 for Strategy sets out a framework (2000) Waste National The government’s 12.11Act 1990 consolidates the hazardous Substances) The Planning (Hazardous 12.12 (1992) suggests that Guidance Note 8:Telecommunications Planning Policy 12.9 Note 10: Guidance Management states Planning Policy Waste Planning and buildings required to house those installations according to to house those installations according buildings required policies and standards; environmental local amenity,protects and environment; and to and appropriate will be sensitive the carrying of streetworks out the needs of disabled people. ordination between public utilities and service providers to ensure: public utilities and service between providers ordination a statutory use of land held by undertakers; the effective b design and siting of equipment, the appropriate and installations c of utility and service which facilities to a high standard provision d the design and siting of equipment (such as telephone kiosks) and In considering planning applications, to regard the Council will have their impact on existing service and the need for infrastructure to have regard to waste planning guidance and information produced by produced and information waste planning guidance to regard to have SERPLAN,Agency and others (para. LPAC, the Environment 9.9). Boroughs of to the reduction policies in their UDPs related to develop asked are and energy recovery. the encouragement of recycling waste generation and which policies setting out criteria against UDPs should also include waste recycling, facilities to accommodate for proposals or disposal transfer be assessed. would (including incineration) example, (for to public utility and service provision Office sorting Post offices and reservoirs). a waste disposal licence (for of sites have A number Act 1990. Protection a limited period) under the Environmental is There facilities to households at waste disposal Amenities Site providing one Civic centre. Regis Road which is also a major recycling waste management, initiatives. concentrating in particular on recycling The of waste generated,plan considers the quantities and types waste current collection and disposal practices, waste trends, future and and recycling 25% of collection system options.The is to recycle main target Council’s 2005,household waste by targets.The which is in line with government and clean the streets. refuse Council contracts a private firm to collect waste. the disposal of sewerage for Utilities is responsible Water Thames General utilities policy PU1 will liaise with, The Council appropriate, and where encourage, co- Camden context
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 3 Policies 12.15 that contribute of operational sites within the Borough a number are There 12.16 a Recycling Plan which looks into all aspects of The Council has prepared 12.14 (1996) urges boroughs Authorities London Planning Strategic Guidance for
12 PUBLIC UTILITIES AND SERVICES 340 12 PUBLIC UTILITIES AND SERVICES 341 affect their access arrangements; their access affect proposals;assessing development and emergency services. In particular, it will: a that may proposals liaise with the emergency services on highway b of the emergency services when consider the access requirements additional service infrastructure and may impose conditions to ensure impose serviceadditional may and infrastructure is made.that satisfactory provision Emergency servicesEmergency PU2 the needs of for adequate provision will seek to ensure The Council services, liaison with the agencies close regular by is undertaken which concerned. The Council seeks, possible, where siting and to influence the which fall within permitted design of equipment (including schemes development).further It seeks to encourage utility and service providers needs of people with mobility when designing schemes to consider the impacts on adverse vision and to minimise any disabilities and impaired townscape, amenity and environment. and both carriageways – affecting to be undertaken streetworks requires public Act requires footways. Works Road and Street The New 1991 been opened up (see also after it has the highway utilities to reinstate 5).TR22(g) in Chapter policy is to check the quality of role The Council’s out to a high standard. carried are that they to ensure these reinstatements before authority the highway public utilities to inform Act requires The opening up streets.“Traffic of to define a network The Council is required on the hours of it can impose restrictions where Streets” Sensitive working. and unnecessary to be co-ordinated This will help works to be avoided.disruption and delay The Council is also concerned that of provision impact on the an adverse should not have developments service infrastructure. of gas, provision Service covers infrastructure water, electricity, drainage and sewerage. concerned, therefore,land, use of full and effective to secure land including in operational use. and requirements land becomes surplus to Where disposal, for available and, the Council will seek its re-use if appropriate, its standards. in line with Plan policies and redevelopment It should be noted example, value (for land has additional that some operational as open space, conservationor nature its wildlife significance) which the or for preserve.Council will seek to instances seek to encourage co- It will in all of servicesoperation with statutory the provision to facilitate undertakers environment. of amenity and the protection and ensure The Council will liaison with the utility authorities, regular promote seek to enter into and being are proposals discussions when land disposals or development early considered. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 12.19 The laying, repair, of services and connection replacement frequently 12.18 of in the location and design play to The Council has an important role 12.17 within the Borough. resource and valuable Land is a scarce The Council is buildings to meet their needs. buildings to management practices and consider options for an increase in the an increase management practices and consider options for process. of facilities to assist the recycling provision In all schemes c land and services the emergency assist appropriate in finding for the collection of domestic and commercial refuse, the collection of domestic and commercial for operating Civic for services.Amenity sites and running recycling The disposal of the refuse Waste the North of and managed by London collected is the responsibility waste collected by domestic and commercial Authority (NLWA).The to NLWA by directed currently contractors on behalf of the Council is disposal facilities. waste three 63% was In 1998/1999 approximately stations, transfer to two directed landfilling; for taken it was where from to an incinerator.and 27% was taken outside the facilities are All three Borough. the disposal of our waste runs until for NLWA The contract with 2014. the waste disposal practices in the UK, area, in the NLWA and will impact on the Council.ultimately importance the The Council recognises and waste minimisation as an essential part of the Borough’s of recycling a Recycling Plan,waste management function and has produced which up until 2005. to recycling details aims and targets in regard The Council’s 2005, by 25% of household waste main target is to recycle which is in line targets. with government Strategy the authority. for This strategy that an is essential to ensure the authority, to waste management is adopted across integrated approach considered practices are and that the implications of alterations to current fully. and defined in Directive Framework Waste EC to in the referred objectives Licensing Management Waste para 4 of Part I of Schedule 4 to the Regulations 1994. PU3 a detailed assessment of its existing waste The Council will undertake Waste management Waste visiting the Borough.Authority, the Council has a responsibility As Highway the access for adequate provides network that the highway to ensure emergency services. Similarly,Authority, Planning as Local the Council must the adequate access for is designed to enable development that new ensure emergency services. new for to determine proposals powers The Council’s the emergency services by limited, are operational developments the but sites. appropriate assist in locating Council will nevertheless
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 12.21 - the Council is responsible Authority only Collection Waste Camden is a 12.22 a major impact on will have EC Landfill Directive The landfill tax and future 12.23 Management Waste a to produce with the NLWA is working The Council 12.24 to relevant regard having been formulated policies have The ensuing 12.20 a vital service The emergency services to those living, provide and working
12 PUBLIC UTILITIES AND SERVICES 342 12 PUBLIC UTILITIES AND SERVICES 343 additional floorspace or involve in intensification of existing uses to or involve floorspace additional the handling of has been made for demonstrate that adequate provision waste. facilities and collection points throughout the Borough, points throughout facilities and collection these wherever without detriment to local amenity,can be accommodated environment conditions. or highway involving the new or expanded provision of waste transfer, of waste provision or expanded the new involving recycling, transportationdisposal or facilities, need to be satisfied the Council will impact on local amenity, will be no harmful that there or environment conditions. highway Handling of Waste Handling of PU5 which create development for will encourage all proposals The Council handling of waste and recyclables. should also be made to Reference policies SH18. in Supplementary be found Planning Further may guidance Guidance. the Recycling Centre in Regis Road,the Recycling Centre on streets centres 154 mini-recycling and estates, of compost doorstep collection services two and the provision bins at a discount rate to residents. of these services A number are in partnershipundertaken with voluntary organisations. The Council 12% of household waste. over recycles currently The existing recycling services and initiatives to be encouraged, will continue supported and maximum to ensure Borough the expanded throughout practicable where use. of such services will need to be accommodated to ensure Provision environmental,minimum social and economic impact. Recycling Facilities PU4 of recycling in the provision an increase The Council will encourage efficiency,energy and resource impact of the the environmental reducing long-distance transportation of waste to landfill sites outside London disposal. of waste requiring the reduction haulage) and road by (especially transfer, waste of sites for development future Any waste disposal or NLWA, other identified by activities the Council or any recycling amenity, to local in respect organisation will need to be considered highway conditions. and environmental London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 12.27 the for adequate accommodation provide It is important that developments 12.26 the Borough: facilities within a wide range of recycling currently are There 12.25 the benefits of recycling, The Council acknowledges increasing including the Borough, be will that there the Council will be concerned to ensure impact on the environment,no adverse or on the health, and safety of local residents,well-being and visitors to the Borough. workers distribution and level of provision of public toilets throughout the of public toilets throughout of provision distribution and level Borough. is well- provision new It will further that any seek to ensure located, and designed to meet the needs of all sections of the community. hazardous waste.hazardous organisations to of commercial It is the responsibility private contractors. through themselves deal with such waste The Planning Substances Hazardous Act and the 1990 Substances) (Hazardous the presence Consent for Substance Hazardous Regulations 1992 require quantities of defined substances.on a site of specified of Contravention is an offence. control Substances Hazardous be can forms Application Department.The Environment COMAH the Council’s obtained from certain sites Regulations 1999 require Accident Hazards) of Major (Control large quantities of fuels,where or handled to stored or gases are chemicals Agency and Health and the Environment be operated with a licence from Executive. Safety PU6 substances within the siting of hazardous for When assessing proposals the health and well-being of local residents,the health and well-being and visitors. workers It will the siting of for proposals assessment of any careful undertake therefore substances.hazardous granting consent, Before the Council will need to be is made to contain such substances and satisfied that adequate provision which effectively security arrangements adequate and safe are that there substances are where personnel to areas unauthorised by access restrict or used. stored Public conveniences Public PU7 will seek, The Council permit, as resources the present to improve which attract visitors and the general of the Borough schemes and areas public.to maintain and, The Council will seek possible, where expand the of large numbers visited by that are of public toilets in areas provision people. and centres public toilets include commercial Suitable locations for developments, of public open space. and areas transport interchanges accessible to all, should be designed to be fully Toilets including people with children. young disabilities and people accompanied by possible, Where facilities should be provided, feeding) changing (and baby in preferably separate purpose-designed accommodation that is accessible to both male and to people with disabilities (see also Supplementary carers and female Planning Guidance). Hazardous installations and hazardous waste hazardous and installations Hazardous
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 12.28 to the storage and transportation exist in relation of Special arrangements 12.29 and the local environment The Council places a high priority on protecting 12.30 an essential complementary development of major are Public toilets feature
12 PUBLIC UTILITIES AND SERVICES 344 12 PUBLIC UTILITIES AND SERVICES 345 area. conservation Locations within and other environmentally areas should be Map locations designated in the Proposals sensitive avoided; of that building and its surroundings.appearance Fixing to a listed be unacceptable; building will generally required, siting, the implications in terms of and neighbour design amenity, and visual intrusion; such as overshadowing and design. having regard to the following: to regard having a of the visual character and appearance on the general the effect b to a building, affixed where its impact on the character and c of masts, use shared the scope for standing mast is a free and where d proposals; landscaping associated any and e constrain siting may the extent to which operational requirements is proposed, such development Where to encouraged are developers and that the routing consultation with the Council so early undertake into account. can also be taken phasing of development activities. of including all forms section deals with telecommunications This signals and cable and radio electrical or optical wire by communications satellite), or from (whether terrestrial both public and private, except otherwise stated.where 8: Guidance Note Planning Policy general policy on Telecommunications, clear that the government’s makes systems and existing of new growth is to facilitate the telecommunications environments. the best and most sensitive while protecting The installation policy PU1. by covered and equipment is generally of apparatus However, expansion of such and innovation rate of technological of the rapid in view services, impact, possible environmental and their the Council has included policy: additional the following PU8 development telecommunications for The Council will assess proposals demands for better and faster communications. better demands for to The Council wishes impact of adverse but is concerned to minimise any facilitate this growth visual amenity and the environment. on the apparatus instances, In many cable of cables for – as in the laying siting (including underground careful on impacts adverse any reduce can significantly reception) television amenity, and buildings. of streets or the visual appearance environment The the for that proposals Council will be particularly concerned to ensure the setting, affect do not adversely siting of apparatus character or of listed buildings and conservationappearance areas. In appropriate circumstances, consider imposing conditions seeking the the Council may when no longer required. of apparatus removal further PPG8 gives – particularly development telecommunications guidance on planning for code system operators. by that undertaken Supplementary Planning of further and guidance on the erection Guidance gives information apparatus,telecommunications householders including satellite dishes for when permission is not required. and explains the circumstances Telecommunications London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 12.31 embraces a wide range of services“telecommunications” and The term 12.32 to meet growing technology rapidly telecommunications is spreading New 13 KING’S CROSS OPPORTUNITY AREA 347 KC9 Leisure, provision social and community 356 KC7 HousingKC8 Economic activities 355 356 KC1KC2 Design Conservation and open spaceKC3KC4 Public transportKC5 Minimise traffic generationKC6 and accessible transport Safe environment 353 Pedestrians, cyclists and people with disabilities 354 354 352 354 354 7 Leisure, provision social and community 5 Housing 6 Economic activities 2 Introduction3 Environment 4 Transport 351 1 1 policies Part 349 2 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 13Area Opportunity Cross King’s 13 KING’S CROSS OPPORTUNITY AREA 349 of the King’s Cross Opportunity Area, Opportunity Cross of the King’s which maximises the large-scale commercial to London’s make potential contribution which the site can to tourists, and its attractiveness prosperity benefits and which provides in terms of housing and supportingto neighbouring communities services, to enhance local access to employment. and measures It must with its surroundings,integrate well and physically, both socially and the existing public transport imposed by restraints the capacity address network.systems and road will be based on Such development principles of sustainability, which use development ensuring mixed the industrial heritage of the site,respects design priority to good gives facilities. efficient transport and secures interchange and justified here as a framework for Part for 2 (local) policies: as a framework and justified here SKC1 to the redevelopment approach seek a comprehensive The Council will floorspace.Thethe site will include commercial location, scale and precise of this floorspace will in part the physical nature be determined by constraints of the site, operational requirements, the railway the transport design Council’s and the implications of activities within the area requirements. and Islington. uses into the of new and the introduction Redevelopment a significant impact on local on such a large site is bound to have area communities. integrating the and socially of physically By seeking ways area, with the surrounding development or impacts can be controlled turned to advantage; adjacent how to consideration should also be given be may areas Triangle” “Islington Village industrial and the Elm like areas proposals. into any integrated beneficially it is The Council believes of dealing with in the processes involved essential that local people are to their needs. is sensitive and that development proposals development opportunities in inner London, and certainly major one in Camden.A the proposals which seeks to establish clear strategic approach collaborative the best opportunity of ensuring development the whole site provides for timescale,is completed in a reasonable range of benefits can that a wider and that partial the community be obtained for or piecemeal development to come. years many for does not blight the area 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 13.4 communities, well-established by surrounded The site is in both Camden 13.1 policy has been identified in Part strategic The following 1 and is repeated 13Area Opportunity Cross King’s 1 1 policies Part 13.3 its strategic location, Because of of the Council accepts that redevelopment 13.2 major development remaining site is one of the few Cross The King’s regarding parameters,regarding and and the location and time constraints physical and final approval following and housing development scale of employment Rail Link Tunnel the Channel timetable for a confirmed construction (CTRL). policies will Area thus expects that the Opportunity The Council review. early come up for
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 13.5 guidance to developers clarity and definitive more The Council will provide
13 KING’S CROSS OPPORTUNITY AREA 350 13 KING’S CROSS OPPORTUNITY AREA 351 (paragraph 7.6).(paragraph (St. Cross King’s Pancras) is ‘a more selective approach to new development is appropriate, development to new selective approach ‘a more with greater that: business activity with public transportemphasis on linking major new facilities... capacity in the future, is or will be spare there where example at the main for London’ line termini in central to St. Rail Link will proceed Tunnel decision that the Channel government’s and RPG3,Pancras via Stratford as a major Cross which identifies King’s opportunity. development King’s Cross Railway Lands as a major development opportunity and Lands as a major development Railway Cross King’s uses should be located commercial suggests that higher densities and most close to the terminus.recognises and The Council accepts this approach a new has the potential to create Area Opportunity Cross that the King’s of historic and conservationquarter London which enhances features for business development, scope for importance and which provides tourism, leisure, housing, to enhance local access facilities and measures community opportunities. to employment near international locations in central London identified as one of three transport facilities.so this approach polices reflect Area The Opportunity identity a distinctive that produce forward can be brought that proposals and enhance its historic features. the area for should also provide The area as business as well to local communities housing and facilities which relate uses closer to the terminus. Opportunity Area to reflect the exceptional opportunities which this site to reflect Area Opportunity inner city regeneration. for presents of in earlier chapters principles set down and guiding the general objectives Plan,the Unitary Development in conjunction with be read and should in the Plan.policies elsewhere designed policies are Area The Opportunity Lands site. on the Railway further development to give guidance for Area, the Opportunityguidance for consideration in and it is a material planning application.determining any examples of how It offers plan policies might be implemented,development and as such embodies a in the UDP. be inappropriate which would of detail level National and strategic context 2 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 13.10 the South East (RPG9) also recommends Planning Guidance for Regional 13.11 of the has also to be seen in the context Area The Opportunity 13.9 identifies the Authorities (RPG3) London Planning Strategic Guidance for 13.7 reflect in this chapter Area the Opportunity The site-specific policies for 13.8 supplementary Planning Brief contains the current planning The Community 213.6 Introduction Lands as an Railway Cross King’s Council has designated the The townscape and design in both new developments and in the re-use of and in the re-use developments and design in both new townscape buildings, character with a unique and diverse an area and to create communities: to surrounding which relates and protect to respect the site to St Paul’s, across strategic views and enhance, and to respect possible,where to varied landmarks. local views more Part 1, the North the north major London Line in extends from to the two in the south. and St Pancras Cross King’s stations of railway It is bounded (the boundary of the London Borough with Way York on the east by St Pancras.The the main line from by west Islington) and on the Regent’s of the area. centre the through east-west Canal crosses London buildings in the Victorian railway of early contains the best group area.through has been recognised The historical significance of the area the listing of some of the buildings, stations Grade I railway including the Canal) Regent’s and Cross and the declaration of conservation (King’s areas and central parts most of the southern the Opportunity of which cover Area. blocks, residential interspersed with two activities railway and Stanley Buildings,Culross activities in the areas and some small scale commercial the stations.between a group Canal are north Immediately of the Regent’s industrial the buildings which reflect of listed and unlisted warehouse heritage of the area.Theseshort- businesses on occupied by largely are term leases. concrete two In the northern-most are part there of the area servebatching plants and a cement plant which parts of central and northern inner London, of strategic importance. served rail and are by are northern and lines run exposed along the western Operational railway on the eastern side. boundaries of the site and underground Village to the west,Elm Maiden Lane to the north,Thornhill, in the London of Islington,Borough to the south. Cross and King’s to the east Parts of for Areas been defined as have wards Town and Somers Cross King’s 2). (see chapter Regeneration Community Design KC1 of architecture, a very high standard The Council will seek to achieve Camden context Camden
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 3 Environment 13.13 the end of the 19th Century established by was largely and The area 13.14 operational by The southern part is characterised largely of the area 13.15 and Town of Somers communities the residential are the area Surrounding 13.12Area, The Opportunity in and described Map defined on the Proposals
13 KING’S CROSS OPPORTUNITY AREA 352 13 KING’S CROSS OPPORTUNITY AREA 353 buildings of character and merit and their setting within the buildings of character Areas, of the area, Conservation environment the overall to improve particularly, Station, Cross to King’s frontage the the canal, and around Natural Park and to ensure Street and enhance the Camley to protect landscaping,that extensive including ecological areas, is included in the redevelopment. Conservation space and open KC2 existing listed and other improve and Council will seek to protect The should be minimised,Area the Opportunity anticipate that the and would will require Area major, of the Opportunity development comprehensive Assessment of assessment under the prevailing environmental formal Regulations and EC Directives. Effects Environmental will also The Council when proposals of minor development effect consider the cumulative impact assessment information. environmental considering the need for the construction arising from disturbance to amenity and the environment proposals.Thisprovisions with the accords phase of development approach 11/95:of Circular Use of Conditions in Planning Permissions. However, the Lands Railway Cross within the King’s construction of major development highly on the surrounding effects significant environmental will have populated areas, needed to mitigate expects that measures and the Council also need to be included in legal agreements. these impacts may King’s Cross and Regent’s Canal Conservation Areas, Canal Conservation and Regent’s Cross of and a number King’s Grade I and Grade II listed buildings. stations of St Pancras and The two listed Grade I and of national importance. are Cross King’s of The frontage Station, Cross King’s in particular, need of satisfactory is in urgent and restoration.sensitive Canal, The Regent’s the which runs through Area,Opportunity is of strategic significance. designated as an It has been (see Character because of its historic and visual interest of Special Area importance. 15) and is of Metropolitan chapter Within the Opportunity and Natural Park which is a valuable amenity Street lies Camley Area because of position in its present and should remain educational resource such a feature.the difficulties in relocating The Park will need particular construction works, during nearby protection and opportunities be should its size. to increase explored London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 13.18 EN7 commits the Council to using planning conditions to minimise Policy 13.17 within impacts of development adverse The Council is concerned that any 13.16 conservation includes two areas,Area Opportunity Cross the The King’s pedestrians, cyclists and people with disabilities, with particular emphasis links and full public access to all parts of the developed on cross-site site. modes through the improvement both of interchange arrangements and arrangements both of interchange the improvement modes through Cross the King’s public transportaccess to and by throughout Opportunity Area. traffic and environmental so as to minimise adverse developments or on the surrounding development either within the new effects areas.residential In parallel with this, will seek to obtain the the Council with the space in accordance most efficient use of the existing road where improvements and pursue selective designated functions of roads appropriate. and public transport systems within the all users of the highway for areas. and in the immediate surrounding Area Opportunity Pedestrians,people with disabilities cyclists and KC6 for accessibility to and within the area The Council will seek to improve congestion. the opportunity is taken It is essential that on redevelopment public transport at for infrastructure substantial improvements to secure is that there existing congestion and ensure to relieve Cross King’s peak hour within the system to cope with the increased sufficient capacity on redevelopment. will result which passenger flows such as Measures use of maximum limiting on- and off-site car parking can help to ensure to the area to and through traffic flows increased public transport and keep a minimum. However, will occur, accepting that some increases it will be road include an on-site proposals that redevelopment essential to ensure network road integrated with the surrounding which is properly network 5). TR20 in chapter (see also Safe and accessible transport and accessible Safe environment KC5 and accessible environment a safe to ensure The Council will endeavour Public transportPublic KC3 the use of public transport Council will encourage and promote The Minimise traffic generation KC4 new to limit the traffic generated by The Council will seek
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 4 Transport 13.19 and overcrowding severe from suffers already area Cross The King’s
13 KING’S CROSS OPPORTUNITY AREA 354 13 KING’S CROSS OPPORTUNITY AREA 355 including affordable housing,including affordable Cross within the King’s is provided existing and future to meet the needs of the area’s Area Opportunity population. within provision residential new target for The indicative 930-1000 units. is between Area the Opportunity with In accordance policy HG11, 25-50% of these units to between the Council will require be affordable. should housing components) housing (including the affordable All new to Area integrated with other uses within the Opportunitybe well development. mixed-use sustainable a genuinely provide As part of its sustainable transport strategy, the Council will seek to Area. within the Opportunity areas residential establish car free transport and development will require improvement to existing facilities. improvement will require transport and development has declined. However, use the canal for the potential to still remains there of certain construction such as goods types of bulky the movement materials. used, canal is already The of course, craft (see also leisure for 15). RC12 in chapter 5 and in chapter TR25 policies the start. component from accessibility is a key where area Development car parking,for standards the Council’s DS8 provides Standard servicing and taxi, coach and cycle parking. access for to Guidance relating is contained in Supplementarypedestrians and people with disabilities Planning Guidance. Planning Appendix 3 of the Community In addition a high quality the opportunities advice on to provide Brief provides accessible environment. KC7 that a range of types of housing, seek to ensure The Council will chapter 6.chapter housing (section 7). 6 also defines affordable Chapter The of family supply is an inadequate Council is concerned that there accommodation in the Borough, particularly in the south. In the Somers area,Town population is increasing, the resident further placing yet of housing in the area.demands on the supply Railway Cross The King’s opportunities remaining in Camden to one of the few Lands site provides housing which can meet local a significant amount of affordable provide to enabling the Borough a significant contribution towards needs and make 6). (see also chapter Target an It also provides its Strategic Housing achieve housing,opportunity to establish car-free in line with sustainability objectives. Cross to the King’s use approach a mixed The Council requires with other Lands and wishes to see all housing well-integrated Railway London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 5 Housing 13.21 the transport for of freight Canal as a route of Regent’s role The previous 13.22 opportunity a major offers to design an Cross of King’s The redevelopment 13.20 served public poorly by The northern is currently partof the area 13.23 and described in evidenced well in Camden are problems Housing facilities such as sports, to meet the provision and child care care day Area, in the Opportunity and the workforce needs of residents and will to serve adjoining localities. encourage this provision opportunities within the King’s Cross Opportunity Area. Opportunity Cross opportunities within the King’s As far as possible, to the long term redevelopment but with due regard proposals, existing local of the Council will encourage the retention with as long as possible and will negotiate businesses on site for and phasing of development to establish appropriate developers this. ensure to relocation mechanisms for KC9 and social of a wide range of leisure The Council will seek the provision KC8 of a range of employment the development The Council will seek many jobs.many as firms elsewhere from be transferred may Some employees development, to the new relocate of jobs on the site but a proportion people. to local should be available that to benefit from In order opportunity, access to people have it will be important local to ensure to equip them with the skills necessarytraining and re-training to compete jobs on the site.for advice on the Planning Brief gives The Community mix of an appropriate which could provide types and sizes of development Area.The Council will encourage land uses in the Opportunityemployment in major these objectives to achieve the incorporation of measures proposals.development phasing of to the appropriate In addition could include site identification and assembly such measures development and other business support, such initiatives local training and regeneration the as those set up under the Single Regeneration Budget (SRB) and by Enterprise Councils (TECs). and Training uses. be may Area Opportunity Cross parts that the King’s Given of times, at different developed mechanism a development a need for is there and to developed as a whole is comprehensively that the site to ensure a provide Area of the Opportunity that the individual components ensure satisfactory mix. housing CTRL project. in the light of the anticipated land availability be These will occurs and in light of emerging significant change if any reviewed densities. residential higher urban to promote guidance government
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 7 Leisure, provision social and community 6 Economic activities 13.25 Lands will generate Railway Cross on the King’s use development A mixed 13.24 current based on housing unit targets are and affordable The new
13 KING’S CROSS OPPORTUNITY AREA 356 13 KING’S CROSS OPPORTUNITY AREA 357 Opportunity Area.fully Opportunity are and social facilities existing leisure Camden’s stretched, to meet most that required falling below of provision with levels demands in the Borough.Anyidentified needs and in the significant increase on pressure more to place even population is likely or working resident existing services,people. to local the quality of service reducing available Accordingly, development it is important and commercial housing that new of social, range is supported an appropriate by educational and leisure facilities, advice, in government in line with criteria set down specifically Obligations. 1/97:Planning Circular of forms appropriate Examples of Planning Brief. Community Cross out in the King’s set are provision London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 13.26 in the development fundamental to any is considered This provision 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 359 Central London AreaCentral London 366 CL4CL5 of London Expansion of the University facilities Public access to University 399 400 Central London Area Central London CL1CL2 Small office premises Light industrial activitiesCL3 in the Assessment of applications 365 365 5 Garden Covent 6 Fitzrovia7 Hatton Garden8Area The Museum Street 9 Precinct The University 367 394 376 388 399 3 the throughout applicable Policies 4 descriptions Local area 1 I policies Part 2 Introduction 361 363 2 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14 Central London Area London Central 14 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 361 diversity of the Central London Area, the Central London of diversity business for balancing the demand cultural, new and for development and commercial and tourism retail of conservation of residential uses with the interests and the protection housing provision. of increasing amenity and the objective use, of priority residential in the provision and an increase development housing,including affordable together with supporting facilities and services. repeated and justified here as a framework for Partfor 2 (local) policies: as a framework here and justified repeated SCL1 the role, The Council seeks to conserve and strengthen character and SCL2Area, Within the Central London use the Council will encourage mixed resources, access to scarce for including land and buildings. Such pressures can, impact, their individual or cumulative through rise to harm to give amenity,residential and efficiency of transport and the safety environment systems. that the demand concerned to ensure The Council is therefore of conservation is balanced with the interests and such development for amenity. residential uses and associated supporting services uses such as social and community and open space provision. Strategic Part I policy SHG1 identifies housing as 6) recognises the priority use within the plan whilst policy HG6 (chapter the contribution of supporting services the and facilities throughout communities. helping to sustain residential towards Borough The retention and supporting residential facilities and services of additional and provision is particularly existing important within Central London to help strengthen communities.residential housing, of additional Without the provision housing, affordable especially in Central London, the high price of access to future it impossible for to make is likely accommodation in the area in the area. generations of local families to remain London as a world business and commercial centre that also provides centre business and commercial London as a world cultural, retail, tourism and other services of metropolitan, which are national and international significance. that Central It also recognises as a significant as well of the capital London contains the historic core population,residential and character to the life contributes which not only and other functions. of the city but is also vital to its economic 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.4 and expanding residential places a high priority on retaining The Council 14.1 been identified in Part I and are policies have strategic The following 14 Central London Area London Central 14 1 1 policies Part 14.3 and competition pressures experiences significant development The area 14.2 of Central The Council seeks to support development the continued London Planning Authorities (RPG3) which emphasises the importance (RPG3) which emphasises Authorities of London Planning housing accommodation and increasing residential existing protecting contributions towards (and London’s) to meet Camden’s in order provision housing targets. of regional the achievement Guidance also Strategic of housing and supporting servicesemphasises the role in Central London business, Central London activities alongside as key commerce, cultural, retail, tourism and other uses. housing, of additional the provision associated housing and affordable supporting uses within the Central London area. housing Additional changes of use from through be achieved will largely in this area provision office to residential, 7) the operation of policy EC3 (chapter facilitated by 3). in chapter (see policy RE5 use development and opportunities mixed for importanceThe Council also seeks to emphasise the of making increased supporting for London. activities in Central provision The principal negotiation to arise through likely are opportunities provision additional for development. on the mix of uses in schemes for communities.Theyresidential a thriving residential help to create not only community, services, giving access to much-needed but can also enhance and the vitality and mix of uses. of local residents the quality of life In addition, in and help to meet the needs of those working such uses can opportunities. local employment and provide visiting the area An approach where is particularly needed in this area which emphasises provision and can lead to the greatest are development commercial for pressures displacement of such uses. be acceptable include play uses which may New areas, facilities such as nurseries, schools and other social and community centres,play créches, primary facilities, health care voluntary for premises shops. and convenience organisations and local Council facilities (particularly has access) will be of open space to which the public welcomed. open space. new opportunities creating exist for Few However, of the preservation of existing small pockets built-up area in such a densely on a spaces takes of new open space and amenity space and the creation local residents, significance and value for greater alike. and visitors workers opportunities arise,Wherever an encourage the Council will therefore of open space and amenity space. in the provision increase Examples could use development of open space as partinclude the negotiation of a mixed temporaryand identification of the scope for of or permanent greening local communities. by enjoyment sites for vacant or derelict
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.6 supports to encourage continue this stance and will The Council strongly 14.7 Supporting in helping to sustain and support services a vital role perform 14.8 as a supporting use. is also regarded Open space in provision increases Any 14.5 with Strategic Guidance for to housing is in line The priority accorded
14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 362 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 363 London Area.London Central London is dominated by It explains that the area activities, that is, those of London-wide, national or international significance, and financial service with a concentration of business uses. It and the use character of the area on to highlight the mixed goes Central London activities against importance new of balancing demands for and the the quality and amenity of the environment a concern to protect and efficiency of transportsafety systems. Part I also emphasises the accommodation, residential importance and increasing of retaining including housing,affordable associated facilities and services. together with Such but also support communities to local residential provide uses not only scale, diverse contribute to the area’s and pattern of land uses. mix whilst Area within the Central London development for proposals policies in Part 2, relevant (through conservation controls area detailed conservation partsupplemented by statements which form of area Supplementary Planning Guidance) will be the main means of preserving or of the area. character or appearance enhancing the physical to area, area from character varies greatly each area’s reflecting heritage,architectural historic associations with particular uses, and emerging local characteristics and trends. includes individual This chapter issues and opportunities of local facing a number descriptions of the key and included on Area within the Central London identified separately areas Map.the Proposals those for been developed descriptions have Local area (RPG3) emphasises Central London’s role as a world business and as a world role Central London’s (RPG3) emphasises centre,commercial cultural, but one which also provides retail, and tourism other services national and international significance. of are which It base of mixed highlights the importance of encouraging a broad not only a thriving for opportunities but also of providing land uses and employment sector.and vibrant residential is population significant residential The area’s economic and other functions and to seen as contributing to the centre’s and character of London.the life Housing and supporting services are equal activities which should be accorded Central London key as regarded uses importance to other central activities such as business and commercial visitors.and facilities for the importance to recognise asked are Boroughs of all these activities, with other them and work for allowance proper make and activities. attractions the quality of the area’s agencies to improve The Council’s approach approach The Council’s Strategic context 2 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.11 contained in Part to be applied 2 of the Plan will generally Policies 14.12Area, the Central London themes emerge across While common its overall 14.10Central 2 contains a definition and description of the Section 6 of chapter 14.9Authorities London Planning Strategic Guidance for The government’s 2 Introduction buildings will be controlled through policies contained in individual chapters through buildings will be controlled of the Plan. use), policies include RE5 (mixed Key policies RE4 and related schemes for assessing for the locational framework (which provide development, public transport to accessibility by the and regard having in trips), an increase for capacity and to the protection policies relating housing and those encouraging of housing and of affordable provision facilities, community social and additional open space and local services communities. support residential for which provide In addition, policies in also relevant, 8 are chapter to changes from particularly those which relate and outside in neighbourhood shopping centres use to non-retail retail A3 (food for to proposals and policies relating designated shopping centres and drink) uses.The intended to assist in policies are additional following vitality and viability and pattern of existing continuing preserving the area’s activities. potential for development to meet local needs such as housing, to development potential for including housing,affordable and supporting facilities and services. or Vacant potential for assessed as having been formally underused sites which have into been incorporated housing) have use (including affordable residential Schedule.the Proposals premises, Vacant as part re-let of which are many cycle,of the normal market the from been excluded generally have Schedule. its and keep site availability to monitor continue The Council will Schedule planning briefs and updating the Proposals to preparing approach under review. Site availability within the Central London Area within the Central London Site availability parts of the Central London Area which are considered to face wider to face considered which are Area partsCentral London of the social, economic, arising implications and transport-related environmental development.Thefrom constitute material planning descriptions under the development for assessment of applications considerations in the of Part chapters 2 of the contained in the remaining criteria-based policies example,Plan (for form). to changes of use and to physical relating those whole or in part) (in conservation by also covered are Some of the areas controls.area this is the case, Where it will be important to additionally supplementary to the conservation to any planning guidance relating refer (see also policy CL3). area Central London Area Central London
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.14Area, the Central London Throughout changes in the use of land or 3 the throughout applicable Policies 14.13 with Area the Central London shortage is a serious There of sites across
14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 364 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 365 activities which contribute to the character and function of the area,activities which contribute to the character the for suitable sites and buildings which are Council will seek to retain light industrial use in terms of accessibility,continued size, location and condition. rehabilitation for office use of existing small premises which contribute which office use of existing small premises for rehabilitation to incorporate replacement function of the area to the character and small office suites. Light industrial activities CL2 containing industrial Area Within those parts of the Central London to other changes for floorspace and pressures decline in manufacturing as a whole, the Borough uses across commercial some industrial uses add Area with specific parts associated traditionally Central London of the of function,to its character and diversity as making a significant as well opportunitiescontribution to local employment and helping to strengthen base.the economic/employment in specifically to more referred These are descriptions at the end of this chapter,the area which will be used in the of this policy to individual proposals,application in line with policy CL3. loss of light industrial floorspace are limited by the provisions of the Town of the the provisions limited by loss of light industrial floorspace are and Country 1987 (as amended). (Use Classes) Order of a The creation business use class encompassing office and light industrial uses means, for example, change when premises that planning permission is not required light industrial to office use.from However, changes from in cases where example, (for light industrial use can be controlled when the proposed general change is to a use outside the B1 business class) the Council’s in light industrial use (see land and premises is to seek to retain objective 7). policy EC3 in chapter Small office premises Small office CL1 or the redevelopment for proposals will require The Council occupation by small firms and seeks to resist the net loss of such the to resist small firms and seeks occupation by 7). policy EC5 in chapter accommodation (see is intended to This approach quality, of good of a sufficient supply is provision that there ensure and growing of small requirements accessible accommodation to meet the businesses. in the important small office premises It is especially to retain of such uses. is an existing concentration there where Area Central London the contribution towards a positive Small scale business uses can make appropriate especially and are use character of areas established mixed described within the local areas is proposed development business where sections.in the following In addition, is in such areas small scale provision the impact on local amenity and a significant adverse to have less likely environment. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.17 has, that there Council acknowledges Whilst the years, in recent been a 14.16 the in which it can control that the circumstances The Council recognises 14.15 that include accommodation suitable for proposals The Council welcomes area descriptions in the assessment of development applications under applications descriptions in the assessment of development area Part 2 of the UDP.the criteria-based policies throughout When the application areas schemes within the local considering development and implemented in the policies will be interpreted of Borough-wide descriptions,context of the local area the particular to control in order to identified planning issues in each and respond pressures development of the areas. section 9). area, trends development the pattern and distribution of land uses and key areas: the following for developed been and opportunities have • Garden Covent • Fitzrovia • Hatton Garden • area. Museum Street local employment and the contribution that they make to the special to the make that they the contribution and local employment of as a whole highlights the desirability of the area character and functions as far seeking to support in the area these activities and their continuation the operation of planning powers.Theas possible through fact that changes the need for place without to office use can take light industrial from important, more it even makes planning permission view, in the Council’s to remaining permit) the area’s (so far as planning powers seek to protect floorspace.stock of light industrial Assessment of applications in the Central London Area in the Central London Assessment of applications CL3Area, Within the Central London will be paid to the following regard Area.mix of uses in individual parts of the Central London cover They to face particular considered those parts which are of the area pressures. and trends development material concentrates The descriptive which the component parts of on the wider social and economic problems opportunities within them.Central London face and the development A within range of planning issues will be important in considering proposals each area. (in whole or in part) by also covered are Some of the areas Introduction
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.20 In addition, (see Precinct University the Council has designated a separate 14.19 further detail on the character of each descriptions providing Local area 4 descriptions Local area 14.18 and to The importance such industries to the Central London economy of 14.21 on the character and information additional descriptions provide Local area
14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 366 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 367 the remainder (south of West Street,West and Drury Shelton Street Lane) falling (south of the remainder Westminster.within The boundary on the Proposals is shown of this area character, the area’s comprising a mix of to reflect and has been drawn Map in scale. small generally uses which are The boundary has not been sites on its margins development extended to encompass larger-scale Schedule and are been designated in the Proposals (though these have Map). on the Proposals shown in scale and character. domestic and are an is characterised by The area uses) set within a small commercial intricate mix of land uses (especially unique, environment. historic and architectural These factors together with the re-use, purposes, retail for largely buildings further south of the market attractiveness combine to heighten the area’s piazza Garden in the Covent to visitors and tourists. Guidance is described in Strategic Garden Covent a concentration within Central London characterised by (RPG3) as an area of specialised arts, entertainment, facilities. and retail restaurant which important pressures the considerable that the UDP acknowledges places on the area.this role of the arts Although many and entertainment Westminster City of located further within the uses are south and west piazza, the market around within Camden Garden the part of Covent uses in tourism-related an increase for experiences considerable pressure such as hotels, and entertainment restaurants venues. is This area scale and character buildings of diverse packed closely characterised by and it also includes a significant residential thoroughfares lining narrow population. is Garden that tourism in Covent The Council acknowledges of reasons. a number for other parts that in of the Borough from different of visitors and their concentration on These include the sheer number outdoor activity, often extends late into the night. which Many “flagship” location, as a the area entertainment businesses also regard so here.There represented a facilities are are of their most intensive many and similar catering restaurants of well-used considerable number establishments, such as public houses, cafés and wine bars in this area. activities such as restaurants,Retail and related cafés and wine bars comprise 20% of floorspace (1994 figures). important that It is therefore uses within this area to tourism the implementation of policies relating conservation controls. area also be important this is the case it will Where and supplementary to physical to any relating planning guidance to refer design considerations.The constitute material planning descriptions under the development for assessment of applications considerations in the of Part chapters 2 of the contained in the remaining criteria-based policies example,Plan (for form). to changes of use and to physical relating those London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.22 lies within Camden, area Garden of the Covent one third Approximately 14.23 nineteenth century the early date from in the area of the buildings Many 14.24 of tourism in Camden and it is clearly is a main focus Garden Covent 5 Garden Covent shopping, and entertainment restaurant uses; and land use in the area is offices,land use in the area 40% of land use floorspace comprising nearly (1994 figures). in the late 1980s During the boom in office development of the B1 Business Use Class),(which coincided with the introduction there in light industrial floorspace. was a significant reduction uses, support to provide continue some small business activities in the area and entertainmentto the local theatre industry in the (which exists largely of policy CL2 application Westminster).The of neighbouring borough of light industrial uses) will thus be important in this area. (protection was vacant. offices) (primarily 7) and CL1 EC3 and EC5 (chapter Policies offices. when considering changes of use from particularly relevant are Under policy CL1, it will be particularly the retention important to ensure office use. for of existing small premises or replacement EC5 Policy occupation that include accommodation suitable for encourages proposals the net loss of such accommodation. seeks to resist small firms and by This of a sufficient supply is provision that there is intended to ensure approach quality,of good of accessible accommodation to meet the requirements businesses.small and growing a positive Small-scale business uses make and help enhance its use character of the area contribution to the mixed start-up as a location for businesses. attractiveness a importance The of small businesses flows from careful analysis of the advantages and problems which it brings which problems the advantages and of analysis careful from flows section c) below). (see community to the local people (1991 census), 15% of comprising nearly floorspace with residential in 1994. uses in the area floorspace in all land Some residential whilst the properties commercial amongst accommodation is scattered are which business uses from substantial enclaves is in more remainder absent.Thealmost wholly the importance of protecting Council recognises and associated supporting accommodation servicesexisting residential in the area, of housing, in the provision of seeking an increase including housing,affordable the quality of local residential and of seeking to protect amenity and environment. in this area: identified as being particularly relevant a the importance of small businesses; b the importance facilities and open space; of community c of tourism, effects and negative the positive of in terms especially d of transport the effects congestion.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.28 5% of land only and industrial uses accounted for Although in 1994 storage 14.29 low. generally are levels Vacancy In 1994, 10% of floorspace approximately 14.27 of small businesses in the area.The a large number are There predominant 14.25 of almost 1,300 community also has an established residential The area 14.26 been planning issues have characteristics and key area The following
14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 368 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 369 open space need to protect and retain facilities and services which provide support facilities and servicesto and retain which provide need to protect communities.local residential 9), Under policy SC1 (chapter the Council social and community for and re-use the retention will seek to secure buildings within Class D1,purposes of land and considered where particularly of their location, suitable in terms and characteristics physical such use.need for community is an identified there accessibility and where and in both generally and monitoring will be required Further research such need for to identify the community to individual proposals relation redevelopment. part as scheme for or replaced of any uses to be retained as full as possible a range of local social and and encouraging provision facilities and services,community to meet the needs of those living and and visiting the area. in working is which emphasises provision An approach commercial for pressures where particularly needed in this area can lead to the displacement of such facilities.development The provision of such facilities and services and support helps to sustain not only of local residents enhance the quality of life and communities residential the area,and the vitality and mix of uses within local but can also provide opportunities. employment that part is deficient in access to public open space of the area reveals at all levels.provision public open spaces lie outside the area The closest example,(for Garden, Phoenix Community local public classed as a small open space, Inn Fields, and Lincoln’s a local public open space). two Only open spaces exist within the area, private and lack public both of which are Court and 153 (Dudley access (Schedule of Open Spaces sites Gardens) Court Gardens)).284 (Tower on that further The Council recognises work deficient in access to open spaces of areas measures and refining mapping of the Plan. the life during will be required opportunities exist or are Few open spaces. new creating to arise for likely However, in such a densely of open space and the preservation of existing small pockets built-up area on a greater spaces takes of new amenity space and the creation local residents,significance and value for and visitors alike. workers opportunities arise, appropriate Wherever the Council will therefore of open space and amenity space, in the provision encourage an increase which the public has access. space to especially Examples could include the and use development of open space as partnegotiation of a mixed temporaryidentification of the scope for of vacant or permanent greening 4). sites (see also policy EN53 in chapter or derelict b The importance and facilities community of London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.31 importance The Council is also concerned to emphasise the of increasing 14.32 of open space and retention the provision regarding work Initial survey 14.30Area, of the Central London In common with much is a continuing there appropriate locations within the Borough,appropriate be can such development where of the the quality and character affecting adversely accommodated without local environment. maximum It will also be important to secure opportunities and local businesses. the local community and benefits for At the same time, of the prevention will be concerned to ensure the Council people live. of tourism uses where undue concentrations hotel accommodation. location for although not a key study A recent in the 30-80 bed – one hotels in the area three were that there showed range, 150+ bed range. one in the 80-150 bed range and one in is a There boundary.fourthadjoining the area immediately hotel new for Applications TM2 in the light of policy visitors will be considered accommodation for 11),(chapter within the policy such as the criteria to key regard having and and business communities upon existing residential impact of proposals support services. However, close further significant impacts arise from Garden strategic tourist attraction of the Covent to the key proximity and, streets piazza and surrounding that Garden of Covent within the area falls within Camden, the impact of visitors’ and London residents’ from usage of retail, and entertainment restaurant establishments.The evening is significant,economy restaurants, on based largely uses cafés and related of small-scale theatre of a number A3 but with the addition within Class and entertainment uses. Such uses and activities contribute to the area’s significant benefits in terms of brought and have character and diversity economic vitality and viability. However, at the same time, tourism- new A3) can, (particularly Class uses within for development related either impact of uses, the impact of individual schemes or the cumulative through amenity, on the quality of residential effect an adverse have the environment and efficiency of transportand the safety systems.This in is seen primarily A3 and other restaurants arising from the disturbance to local residents uses. either over, live residents to,Many or in very close proximity such establishments. Health Environmental the Council’s by Complaints received have area Garden noise and air pollution in the Covent officers regarding 150 complaints per annum). since 1995 (approaching risen substantially example, to other factors (for complaints relate Whilst many disturbance during construction), the to disturbance from specifically complaints relating of the total. constitute a significant proportion A3 uses operation of Very impact of to the potential therefore consideration needs to be given careful 8). under policy SH18 (chapter specific proposals This policy addresses and will be an impacts of restaurants both the individual and cumulative important impacts.The which to mitigate such mechanism by Council is to and will continue such matters under review committed to keeping Garden A3 uses within the Covent and location of monitor the number area. c of tourism effects and negative positive The
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.34 within Central London, strategic tourist destination is a key Garden Covent 14.35 (1998 estimate). A3 units within the area seventy approximately are There 14.33uses in The policies in Part of tourism-related I support the development
14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 370 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 371 transport including the underground and private car.transport including the underground being are Plans station, Garden congestion at Covent to relieve developed which is sited in Westminster. of the neighbouring borough of the Borough where A3 uses are concentrated.A3 uses are where of the Borough of these The findings made of appropriate and an assessment will then be compared surveys or sub-areas. individual areas A3 uses for for thresholds material is This be subject to inclusion in the Plan and could to be too detailed for likely change. Supplementary be published and consulted on as It will therefore a material planning consideration will thus form Planning Guidance and policies of the UDP. alongside the text and 8, in chapter criteria-based policies prevailing in the light of the locality.characteristics of the in will assist the Council This approach to which the and the extent change within the area assessing incremental needs is being and commercial community between balance sensitive maintained. lead to the displacement of other activities.Theatres and entertainment competing from to be particularly under pressure considered are venues 10). in line with policy LC9 (chapter uses and their loss will be resisted uses, of retail tourist destination concerns the displacement including uses.convenience activity in operation of retail Whilst changes to the type under planning legislation,cannot be controlled use changes to non-retail of policies in Part the subject the Plan.are 2 of neighbourhood Two been designated – Drury Lane and Earlham Street have shopping centres (policy SH9 applies). However, dispersed are most of the shops in the area (policy SH10 applies).The designated centre and lie outside any Council is is in the area provision of retail that the level concerned to ensure A1 uses in of Class significant diminution maintained and considers that any of seeking to sustain local objectives conflict with the Plan’s would the area and maintain adequate supporting communities facilities and residential services. At the same time, is increasingly activity in the area retail uses.Whilst retail tourism-related dominated by it is important to protect floorspace in the area,the existing designated retail can be problems there in non-retail uses retail of additional associated with the provision locations. retail of additional the provision resist The Council will therefore exist at activity does not currently retail floorspace in locations where floor level. ground d of transport The effects congestion London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.40 a variety of modes of be accessed by may area Garden The Covent 14.37 to be judged against the Such monitoring will enable individual proposals 14.38A3 uses could also, in an increase demand for The current if not controlled, 14.39 as a of the area the attractiveness from issue arising indirectly Another key 14.36all areas across being undertaken are A3 uses and their impacts of Surveys hotel development in recent years and thus the number of off-peak trips of the number and thus years recent in hotel development correspondingly.has increased in the peak period of trips number The unchanged. relatively has remained office development generated by to the to permit improvement secured Parliamentary that were powers lapsed. station have as major rat runs. routes the use of two is from The first of these (avoiding Acre to Long through via Monmouth Street Avenue Shaftesbury Road).The and Charing Cross Avenue second the junction of Shaftesbury Drury eastbound traffic along rat run is for Lane and Shorts Gardens. with local community been explored recently These issues have representatives. traffic of rat running to the problems solutions Potential network. road balanced within the current to be delicately have Whilst the be may using particular routes traffic from need to discourage through of specific schemes, the introduction through achieved the wider access of local including meeting the need for implications of traffic routing considered. to be traffic have these traffic issues is likely to address Work as a pilot Clear Zone Garden the selection of Covent to be helped by Area.within the Central London concept seeks to develop The Clear Zone living and working. for pollution area a low be achieved, This could for example, essential service only along allowing by and emergency vehicles to the designated clear zone with those of disabled people to gain access area. transport and efficiency of impact on the safety an adverse will not have systems.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.42 congestion, experiences significant traffic The area arising, in particular, from 14.43 The Council will seek to ensure, in line with policy RE2, that developments 14.41 of has seen an increase that station serves an area Holborn underground
14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 372 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 373 60/65+ 82 30-59/64 16-29 * (full count) under-16s 0 not identified as an ethnic group in the 1991 Census not identified as an ethnic group 600 500 400 300 200 100 Age Under-16s16 - 2930 - 59/6460/65+(i.e. pensionable age) over 202 586 227 228 Covent Garden profile Garden Covent Basic counts All residentsHouseholdsHousehold residents presentPersons 1,136 1,295 1,390 635 Gender MalesFemales 704 590 Ethnic group White groupsBlack groupsBangladeshiAsian and other Born in Ireland * 1,029 44 115 106 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA Accommodation Units Residents Persons present Residents per household 1.8 No car 493 804 - Owner-occupied 76 137 - Privately rented 121 181 - Housing association 153 317 - Local authority 285 461 Medical & care 3 55 128 Education 0 0 0 Hotel or hostel 3 103 107
Built form Units Houses 22 Purpose-built flats 223 Flats in non-residential 18 Conversions 27 Residential institutions 6
Household type Single person 394 Couple with children 55 Couple without children 85 Lone parent 20 Multi-adult 82
Multi adult
Lone parent
Couple with children
Couple without children
Single person
374 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 375 Total Personal & Community Services & Community Personal Public service Business services Hotels & restaurants trades Distibutive construction & Production Retired Home & family Students Long-term sick Unemployed In employment Under 16 Source: 1997 Survey Employment Annual 1991 Census and Major employers, 1997 Garden Covent Economic positionEconomic Under 16In employmentUnemployedLong-term sickStudents MalesHome & familyRetired Females 274 94 83 84 6 32 226 105 131 26 20 61 500 22 199 130 109 104 67 54 261 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development Bloomsbury to the east, Street Euston Road to the north, Oxford New to the west.The Street Cleveland to the south and boundaryStreet of this Map. on the Proposals is shown area lies within Part of Fitzrovia Street.The Portland as Great far west it extends as Westminster, where uses, and commercial a mix of residential is characterised by area including media activities. small in scale. are The majority of the uses in this area accommodation. In the north this is interspersed with a mix of uses in Mews.The College University Warren and Street Warren such as streets in this northernLondon Hospital (UCLH) is also located sector with site on and consolidate its activities onto a single to relocate proposals Euston Road.shops, contains many The central part of Fitzrovia and pubs and Charlotte Street, Goodge Street around restaurants whilst the and by industrial premises older former southern sector is dominated by office blocks. Court Road.Tottenham Court Road tends Tottenham along Development to be at a higher scale, than in the surrounding height bulk and to a greater areas, (particularly retailing) its long-established commercial reflecting Court an character. Road forms Tottenham along The shopping frontage specialist retail End and is characterised by West important partthe of to the north. to the south and furniture activities including electronics significant amount of office floorspace along its length, is a There Court Tottenham particularly on upper floors.The of the to the west area use area, a mixed is largely Road corridor with a significant residential community. intact and is is largely pattern of the area The traditional street and of large scale commercial domestic in scale but with some pockets Court Road is typified Tottenham institutional uses.The to the east of area significant concentrations mansions and by of residential imposing blocks by and with UCLH. of London of activities associated with the University (see also in and adjacent to the area role a key These institutions play a major impact on the area’s section 9:The and have Precinct) University character and pattern of land uses. many It is also characterised by mansion blocks,residential in a mix of tenures. Court Road,Tottenham and Goodge Street stations at underground Street.Warren Court both Road and Goodge Street However,Tottenham congestion and can be closed on occasion. from suffer This could limit TR1. opportunities fail policy if they development buses frequent are There Court Road and servicing the area,Tottenham northbound running along Street. southbound on the eastern boundary along Gower of the area Introduction
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.45 of residential a significant proportion contains The whole area 14.46 the north-south is also divided by within Camden of corridor The area 14.47 and bus services. served Underground both by is well The area are There 14.44 and Street Gower is bounded by as Fitzrovia in Camden known The area 6 Fitzrovia
14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 376 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 377 open space. for development;for and right. own communities; in the area; and and scale in the area (1991 census) with residential uses accounting for 15% of the 15% for uses accounting with residential (1991 census) in the area floorspace in the area. in this area: particularly relevant a in terms of use, the mix of development character and scale; b and focus Court centre retail Road as a Tottenham the importance of cas major land uses in their the importance of the hospital and university d and business on the local residential the impact of the above e uses the concentration of restaurant impact arising from the cumulative f housing,special needs for the area’s facilities and social and community mixed use character of large parts of the Borough,mixed particularly in the public accessible by highly that are and in areas Area Central London transport (see policy RE5). reflects use approach adoption of a mixed The and demands for competing needs a balance between a concern to strike land, of and the interests the needs of development and between conservation and the environment. It is intended to assist in enabling residents, access to the facilities and resources and visitors to have workers need.they set within the context of which is firmly It is also an approach the need and reducing sustainability and growth environmental promoting to travel. In addition, which combine a mix of activities with a high areas to attractive to prove likely are quality and character of environment small successful as locations for and visitors and remain residents businesses and services. and to the servicing to the character of the area of the Central makes London economy. as Area the Central London and across Within Fitzrovia a whole,– both within a mix of uses the Council is seeking to promote (see,individual buildings and areas example, for policy SCL2). Its approach of uses is twofold. a mix to fostering Firstly, the it is seeking through housing, of its planning policies to retain application shops, social and General approach a in terms of use, mix of development The character London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.49 identified as being been characteristics have area key The following 14.50issues concerning: rise to These give 14.48 3,000 people population of over contains a significant residential The area 14.52 which the mix of uses in Fitzrovia the contribution The Council recognises 14.51 and extend the well-established A major concern of the Plan is to promote community premises,community industrial uses. offices and light small-scale Secondly, it uses within buildings. of a mix of the provision seeking is actively Under policy RE5, mix of uses to incorporate a proposals the Council will expect secondary for the amount of floorspace available and will seek to maximise uses.The are particularly Fitzrovia encouraged within uses which are housing),housing (including affordable use of the Plan, which is the priority (particularly young facilities for premises social and community additional people), and vitality at interest uses adding retail additional open space and level. floor ground Mix of uses a range of needs), and meeting variety of tenures shopping (ranging from outlets both in and outside designated retail to specialist local convenience uses. and business and commercial shopping centres) In 1994, office uses floorspace, (34% of total predominant were with a furthervacant 6% of office floorspace). By comparison, or storage uses floorspace in industrial totalled 3%. Arts, well media and entertainment-related activities are links with design, strong are and there in the area represented fashion and arts.the graphic activities different individual buildings contain several Many and land uses. as a start-up attractive location to prove continues The area businesses.for of small use) and CL1 (replacement RE5 (mixed Policies particularly in this area. applicable therefore office suites) are Shops Court Road frontage,Tottenham part which forms the of to the In addition End,West shopping concentrated into neighbourhood some shops are whilst the majority are Street) and Cleveland (Goodge Street centres the area.These a range of needs. dispersed throughout for shops provide are,There instance, for shops,other convenience and local food serving the and workers, needs of residents everyday specialist shops which draw London and further afield and specialist shops across customers from serving local businesses in the area. The Council is concerned to ensure and considers that is maintained in the area provision of retail that the level conflict with would A1 uses in the area of Class significant diminution any and communities of seeking to sustain local residential objectives the Plan’s maintain adequate supporting facilities and services. Maintaining and building support to help provide will not only of provision level on the current and workers, (both residents existing communities particularly assisting of local the proximity dependent on less mobile and heavily those who are character and varied facilities) but will also help to maintain the mixed functions of the area.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.53 (in a contains a rich mix of uses including residential area The Fitzrovia 14.54 of shops. network is served a wide variety and inter-dependent by The area
14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 378 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 379 relatively close proximity to key strategic tourist attractions such as the to key close proximity relatively End shops and,British Museum,West within the area, the impact of from usage of retail,visitors’ and London residents’ and entertainment restaurant establishments (see section e) below). Industrial uses Industrial industrial activities, office uses. often by when CL2 will be applied Policy light industrial use. from considering changes student accommodation and Educational establishments of use from changes for establishments and pressure and other educational and hotels.offices to educational uses and to hostels Area As the Fitzrovia shows,profile of a high proportion characterised by are parts of the area temporary living in accommodation classed as (generally residents institutions). of students associated with This includes a significant number of London,the University institutions or with other with related educational establishments, as visitors. as well that showed study A recent accommodation in the area. university providing premises five were there In addition, or other student providing in the area hostels four are there accommodation.nurses’ In reality, temporary for living the figure residents higher in Fitzrovia, be considerably well in hostels may of to problems due out of term time. and Census enumeration undercounting will The Council the 2001 Census. of data from the receipt following this figure review In addition, 7% of only and hotels together accounted for although hostels 1994, in floorspace in Fitzrovia an for has been significant pressure there Central London generally, in increase Fitzrovia. including visitors out of term time) for (which is often used as hotel accommodation 6 (HG1-3 and HG22) within chapter will be assessed in the light of policies Precinct, to the University and policies CL4 and CL5 relating regard having of hostel such accommodation and the concentration both to the need for area. in parts of the Fitzrovia provision Hotels range. in the 150+ bedroom are four accommodation new for Applications Tourism in the light of policies within the considered visitors will be for example,TM2), (for chapter local concentrations of to any regard having example,such uses (for and in the Street side of Gower along the west Court Tottenham and Russell Street southern part along Great of the area Road). However, the area’s far the most significant impact arises from by London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.55 has, There years, in recent of small-scale been a general displacement 14.56 include an expansion in the activities of the University trends Other recent 14.57 temporary students for accommodation new Applications for residential 14.58 aparthotels. and two 20 hotels in the area currently are There At least their own right their own centre and focus for development for and focus centre individual premises, of large scale institutions of it also contains a number and international importance in the fields of education and metropolitan major development corridors within the Central Area. within the Central corridors major development Shopping provision a which perform specialist shops Court Road varies from Tottenham within shopping function to shops End’s West as part the of role metropolitan serving in the area. those living and working unit sizes The mix of retail Tottenham of shops along to the range and diversity contributes significantly Court Road. this mix and retain The Council is concerned to promote and variety of shops, of maintaining the vitality and in the interests as a whole and supporting its general and specialist viability of the centre function. retail (largely,commercial not exclusively, but function of the main road retail) areas.As surrounding use character of and the scale and mixed of a result for area function and accessibility it is an attractive its commercial development. opportunities development presents for The corridor transport(subject to detailed consideration of public capacity), including out of keeping be considered generally of a scale that would development area.within the surrounding However, as with some schemes implemented rear virtuein the past (by often unattractive of their general scale and Court Road Tottenham elevations), for proposals development new any could, controlled, if not carefully impact on residential an adverse have and character of the and on the quality amenity in adjoining premises example, (for adjoining area of the use, the nature through servicing any bulk and design considerations). and detailed requirements The Council impact on adverse an will not have that developments will seek to ensure amenity,residential and efficiency of or the safety the environment the area’s contribution towards a positive transport systems and make incorporating a mix of uses in line with by character and diversity policy RE5. c as major land uses in The Hospital and University b Court Road as a retail Tottenham importance The of Changes from office to residential office from Changes of consideration (which allows to policy EC3 reference assessed by uses).alternative area, the Fitzrovia Within the Council will particularly in residential in an increase result which proposals welcome accommodation, housing. affordable especially
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.62 a mix of small-scale uses within is characterised by the area Although 14.60 function and is one of the retail Court a strong Road performs Tottenham 14.61 Court the scale and Road marks the contrast between Tottenham 14.59 other uses will be and of offices to residential the conversion for Proposals
14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 380 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 381 business communities seeking to achieve between the needs and demands of residential and the needs and demands of residential between seeking to achieve business communities. In common with other parts of the Central London Area, commercial for to experience significant pressures continues this area a range of uses. for development the importance The Council recognises the and of seeking to protect communities existing residential of protecting amenity and environment.quality of local residential At all times, the an do not have that developments Council will be concerned to ensure accommodation and amenity, impact on residential adverse on existing services and facilities and on the quality and character of the environment. As in other parts of the Borough, congestion caused from suffers Fitzrovia d and on the local residential above The impact of the medicine, of London, with the University activities associated including Hospital. College and University College London University Most of the the area located to the east of are with the University activities associated section 9). (see Precinct in the adjacent University The UCLH hospital is located in the north eastern sector of Fitzrovia,currently are though there Road. to a single site on Euston relocation for proposals (and, an expansion in activities for years the last few over proposals in the case of the hospital, to a number rise given have relocation) for proposals of planning concerns. the to concern regarding primarily These relate their impact on local and area into the Fitzrovia expansion of such activities amenity.residential expansion of education and associated The recent of vacant office floorspace to the release from facilities has been resulted uses,alternative guidance. with government in line The Council will be in the light of expansion is considered future that any concerned to ensure policies CL4 and CL5 (section 9) and that, in diminution of any event in the of vacant office floorspace,the supply in demand do not increases any displacement of other uses, in the result such as residential, retail, social and uses. community associated institutions to sites of London and expansion of the University outside such development and to restrain Precinct within the University use character and balance of the mixed to preserve in order the precinct a single use. domination by and prevent area uses in the surrounding example, higher education sector (for University language schools). outlined in approach Precinct the University by Although not covered section 9 and policies CL4 and CL5,will be concerned to the Council do higher education development non-University for proposals that ensure and the mix and amenity impact on local residential an adverse not have character of the area. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.66 illustrate the delicate balance which the Council is paragraphs The above 14.63 and area adjoining the Fitzrovia of these institutions in and The presence 14.64 the for proposals is to guide approach precinct of the The objective 14.65 of the non- area the expansion in the by created are pressures Additional by excessive levels of road traffic.This of road levels excessive by is partly existence of due to the and Street Court Gower Road and Tottenham as such roads major through their for local roads along routes partly people seeking alternative by journeys.vehicular Street Thisuse of Goodge Street/Chenies includes the traffic for signed routes as alternative Street Place/Howland Torrington and Street. into Oxford not allowed The large amount of traffic generating of proportion a considerable for is also responsible activity in the area traffic. 5,TR3 (chapter Transport policy The Council will apply regarding they that to ensure proposals development to relevant Impact Statements) congestion or public transport capacity. road will not exacerbate Clear Zones in the south of the Borough, developing and zero low where permitted. will be only emission vehicles is Implementation in Fitzrovia to startin 2001/2002. programmed determined that The Council is also in Central London that will strategic transport implemented policies are in traffic of up to 40%.lead to a reduction controlled two are There of Camden. area parking zones in the Fitzrovia the These zones protect are the hours during which they for parking provision amenity of residents’ in operation. as part Bus priority measures of the London Bus Court Road Tottenham for being developed are Priority Network Street. and Gower on Museum which has a frontage coach traffic connected with the British Montague Place, Street. close to Gower designated are Although there near to Fitzrovia, in the Borough coach parking bays of the problem local noise levels off passengers increases coaches collecting and dropping near sites such as the British Museum. waiting on the coaches are Where with engines running,highway of vehicle to the level adds this needlessly emissions. a also has the area of coach traffic through The movement amenity. significant impact on residential the Borough, traffic in the commuter is the potential to reduce there plan. travel of a green the development through precinct University The of the objective is a key employers plans by travel of green development be may Strategy and plan development Transport Green new Council’s Roundtable.The Transport Green membership of Camden’s aided by working are that of local employers of a number Roundtable is a network plans and is being supportedCouncil together with the by travel on green London, for Transport College London, University Camden and Islington others.TheAuthority and is located in an area Precinct University Health as a pilot Clear Zone area.This be considered lead to an that may would of as the level and adjacent areas in air quality in the area improvement fall. borne pollution would vehicle (particularly restaurants, 24-hour the and from – see below) bars and cafes premises. use of mechanical plant associated with commercial
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.67 existing traffic by of excessive to the problem Camden is responding 14.68 traffic issue pertinent is the generation of to this area The other road 14.69 in particular, In the case of the University in large employers as with many 14.70 individual uses noise disturbance arising from Other issues include
14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 382 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 383 community facilities and open space community concentration of restaurant uses of restaurant concentration in the provision of priority residential use, of priority residential in the provision housing, including affordable together with supporting facilities and services. of In common with much Area,the Central London is a particular family-sized there need for accommodation in this area. However, is a serious shortage there of sites housing, for development with potential for housing, including affordable supportingand for facilities and services help strengthen would which in this area. communities existing residential or underused sites Vacant use residential potential for assessed as having been formally which have into the Proposals been incorporated housing) have (including affordable Schedule. in hospital use. of sites currently of a number rise to the release to give which 106 agreement has been granted subject to a section Permission housing on the Obstetrics Hospital site in include securing affordable would based on policy requirement the cumulative (representing Street Huntley and specifically within the criteria-based policies of Part within the criteria-based and specifically example, 2 (for TM2, SH18) to support communities, residential local protect on amenity, of proposals the impact quality and to control environmental transport and systems.Theenvironment be concerned to Council will single uses, (whether for proposals that the impact of all ensure a mix of A3) will not particularuses or for of uses such as those within Class types outlets,loss of retail upon effect harmful a cumulatively have traffic, parking of uses (see mix and balance and the overall amenity and local residential supplementary relevant on any draw and will also section a) above) to assess whether or not this is the case. work and survey research Any a material planning consideration alongside the will form such information text and policies of the UDP. restaurants, and Drink). A3 (Food within Class and other uses falling cafes such establishments. to in very close proximity live residents Many Policies need to be carefully A3 uses will to changes of use and to new relating amenity and environment. account of the need to protect to take applied of impacts both the specific and cumulative SH18 addresses Policy and will be an important to mitigate such which by restaurants mechanism impacts. and their uses in this area and related The stock of restaurant the decision-making process to inform in order impact will be monitored and the implementation of this policy. This will include monitoring of noise in the area. A3 uses to complaints relating f housing, special needs for The area’s social and e the high from impact arising The cumulative London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.74 In Fitzrovia, likely of the hospital (UCLH) are the relocation for proposals 14.73 Part I policy SCL2 emphasises the importance of bringing about an increase 14.72 in particular) has a high concentration of (and Charlotte Street Fitzrovia 14.71 concern, The Plan outlines a key in policies RE2, generally expressed EN1 HG11 for affordable housing provision from each of 4 surplus sites likely to likely each of 4 surplus sites from provision housing affordable HG11 for centre community of a new and the provision disposal) for come forward area. the Fitzrovia for has not yet facility community the the site for Whilst been identified, to include each of the sites proposed it has been possible (the Obstetrics Hospital, development residential new for the Odeon Arthur House) in the Cinema site, Stanley and Annexe the Middlesex Schedule.Proposals it clear that Schedule make The comments in the of the upon the relocation to and dependent linked are these proposals hospital. support communities. to local residential which provide Under policy SC1 9),(chapter for and re-use the retention the Council will seek to secure Class D1, purposes of land and buildings within social and community particularly suitable in terms of their location, considered where physical community is an identified there characteristics and accessibility and where such use.need for both monitoring will be required and Further research the displacement involving individual proposals to and in relation generally such uses need for uses to identify the community of social and community redevelopment.There as part scheme for or replaced of any to be retained young to be a particular for facilities in the area is considered lack of people. Fields very small public open spaces (Crabtree three served only by The (Schedule of Open Spaces site 31),Whitfield (site 112) and Gardens (site 108)).Warren In practice, to arise likely opportunities exist or are few open spaces. new creating for However, built-up area, in such a densely the of open space and amenity space and preservation of existing small pockets value for significance and on a greater spaces takes of new the creation local residents, and visitors alike.The any workers Council will take public access to private opportunities to encourage greater appropriate as as well Gardens Square and Fitzroy Square open spaces such as Bedford facilities. open space and community of additional the provision It will also and refine to map of the Plan further during the life undertake work in access to public open space. deficient of areas measures
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.75 facilities and services and retain need to protect is also a continuing There 14.76 is very limited access to public open space in Fitzrovia. There is The area
14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 384 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 385 60/65+ 146 30-59/64 16-29 * (full count) under-16s 0 not identified as an ethnic group in the 1991 Census not identified as an ethnic group 900 600 300 Age Under-16s16 - 2930 - 59/6460/65+(i.e. pensionable age) over 295 1,257 1,085 497 Fitzrovia profile Fitzrovia Basic counts All residentsHouseholdsHousehold residents presentPersons 2,794 3,261 1,598 4,477 Gender MalesFemales 1,500 1,636 Ethnic group White groupsBlack groupsBangladeshiAsian and other Born in Ireland * 2,326 97 432 281 1500 1200 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development present Multi adult Lone parent Couple with children Couple without children Single person Residents per householdNo carOwner-occupied rentedPrivately Housing associationLocal authorityMedical & careEducationHotel or other 449 682 89 1,150 1.8 374 2 734 1,140 188 7 7 736 9 - - 238 - 94 - - 37 378 446 Household type Single personCouple without childrenCouple with childrenLone parentMulti-adult 296 88 889 32 291 Built formHousesPurpose-built flatsFlats in non-residentialConversionsResidential institutions 1,144 Units 224 16 63 448 Accommodation Units Residents Persons
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development
14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 386 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 387 Personal & community services & community Personal Health & social work Education Public administration Business services Financial services & communications Transport Hotels & restaurants trades Distibutive construction & Production Retired Home & family Students Long-term sick Unemployed In employment Under 16 Source: 1997 Survey Employment Annual 1991 Census and Major employers, 1997 Fitzrovia Economic positionEconomic Under 16In employmentUnemployedLong-term sickStudents MalesHome & familyRetired Females 846 160 79 40 22 Total 200 889 125 153 69 39 154 1,735 129 285 231 148 79 176 329 384 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development associated with specialist trades; and development. commercial Clerkenwell Road. Clerkenwell The boundary on the Proposals is shown of the area Map. and diamond trade,the jewellery and repair manufacture clock and watches and printing. of these activities, Many particularly and diamond the jewellery industries), precision trade (and newer and of national and are today remain international significance.These with a distinctive the area activities provide character, along Hatton Garden jewellers with its concentration of retail of large number in the UK) and a retailers (the largest cluster of jewellery generally. and wholesale activities in the area manufacturing Hatton Garden some businesses with of high quality manufacture centre a remains specialist services example, (for to other businesses in the area providing instruments) and others serving of precision a wider network manufacture in other parts example, (for of Central London of jewellers Street) Bond and beyond. market.the Leather Lane street under consideration to are Measures activities in this location. of market assist the regeneration small in scale with a mix of uses and a of the urban fabric remains much high concentration of small firms.The has one of the highest area in the country, employment concentrations of jewellery-related employing 300 firms (1993 Census of Employment).2,700 people in nearly Whilst an important specialist industry for remaining focus and retailing, the area years. significant decline in recent has suffered In 1981, 4,000 people over activities in 399 firms. in jewellery-related employed were The greatest sector.decline has been in the manufacturing By contrast, sector the retail strong,remains units in the area of retail in the number with a net increase since 1981. in this area: relevant a function; retail specialist of the importance recognition of the area’s b of a stock of small industrial premises retention the need to ensure c and residential balance between an overall the need to retain Introduction
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.78 quarter jewellery and has long been associated with is London’s The area 14.79 A further boundary important is (along the western focus of this sub-area) 14.80 schemes in the area, been some major redevelopment have Although there 14.81 been identified as being particularly planning issues have key The following 14.77 Leather Lane, is bounded by Hatton Garden Holborn, Road and Farringdon 7 Hatton Garden
14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 388 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 389 commercial development commercial industrial premises associated with specialist trades associated industrial premises retail function retail clause allowing the possibility, the clause allowing areas, in appropriate office of releasing in this area, uses) floorspace within Class B1(a) to alternative in the light of trend.the above of commercial It has concluded that the availability no and it would within the area level low at a historically is now premises of B1(a) floorspace the release to consider allowing longer be appropriate uses.to non-employment EC3 will be implemented on the basis that, Policy within this area, uses will B1(a) to non-employment changes of use from not be permitted. will be assessed against the suitability criteria Premises development activity.development In 1994, 20% of the land use stock was vacant over vacant offices).(predominantly which planning Residential schemes for mid 1997 would, 1994 and permission has been granted between if implemented, half of this vacant stock.This of nearly in the re-use result has been in Hatton Garden development residential of activity for level the industrial/office sector. on placing pressure is allowed If this pressure unabated,to continue to be sector in particular the jewellery is likely affected, special character. to the detriment of the area’s of units has increased from 47 in 1981 to 59 in 1993, from of units has increased despite a fall of 50% employment. retail in jewellery with manufacturing, Along of the focus southern end of Hatton Garden activities at the jewellery specialist retail its unique character. the area helps to give a critical mass This represents industry. with the jewellery of activities associated will The Council activities. of these specialist retail promotion and encourage the retention in manufacturing.despite a considerable decline in employment In 1993 in manufacturing, employed 1,706 people were with Hatton Garden in the Borough. employment 16% of all manufacturing accounting for In 1981, in employment 9% of the Borough’s only accounted for the area manufacturing. the activity in particular It is the manufacturing which gives character. its special area industrial backing to protecting CL2 gives Policy of this type in Central London,uses in areas policy and is a key consideration in this area. other sector along with The manufacturing development. surge in residential the recent by also affected business are c and residential between balance The general b of a stock of small retention The need to ensure a specialist The importance the area’s of 14.85 of policy EC3 (which includes a the operation The Council has reviewed London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.84 residential of increased become the focus has the area Recently 14.83 place in Hatton Garden, takes A significant amount of manufacturing 14.82 area. in this represented sector is strongly jewellery The retail The number in EC3. of fails any office accommodation made where only Exceptions will term in the medium been vacant have premises or where these criteria or more). years (defined as three
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development
14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 390 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 391 60/65+ 13 30-59/64 16-29 * (full count) under-16s 0 not identified as an ethnic group in the 1991 Census not identified as an ethnic group 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Basic counts Age Under-16s16 - 2930 - 59/6460/65+(i.e. pensionable age) over 16 75 24 29 Hatton Garden profile Garden Hatton All residentsHouseholdsHousehold residents presentPersons 137 147 73 141 Gender MalesFemales 71 74 Ethnic group White groupsBlack groupsBangladeshiAsian and other Born in Ireland * 122 3 15 5 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA Accommodation Units Residents Persons present Residents per household 1.9 No car 56 99 - Owner-occupied 4 9 - Privately rented 30 57 - Housing association 0 0 - Local authority 38 69 - Medical & care 0 0 0 Education 0 0 0 Other residential establishment 2 11 12
Multi adult
Lone parent
Couple with children
Couple without children
Single person
Household type Single person 30 Couple without children 25 Couple with children 6 Lone parent 3 Multi-adult 8
Built form Units Houses 0 Purpose-built flats 61 Flats in non-residential 31 Conversions 0 Residential institutions 2
392 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 393 Education & Health Business Services Financial Services & Communications Transport Hotels & Restaurants trades Distributive Construction & Production Services & Community Personal Retired Home & family Students Long-term sick Unemployed In employment Under 16 Source: 1997 Survey Employment Annual 1991 Census and Major employers, 1997 Garden Hatton Economic positionEconomic Under 16In employmentUnemployedLong-term sickStudents MalesHome & familyRetired Females 25 7 6 0 7 Total 2 40 10 8 0 3 9 2 65 12 15 6 3 16 4 22 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development of uses in the area have developed as supporting facilities and services. developed have of uses in the area One example is the specialist bookshops south of the Museum which are special character. of the area’s an important feature The Council will activities. of these specialist retail encourage the retention The relevant policy in Part outside designated 2 of the plan is policy SH10 (shops lying centres).This retail a clause which states that changes from policy includes Georgian squares and residences,Georgian squares in commercial now of which are many use. of as one of the finest examples regarded as a whole is The area planning in the country.Georgian town the British around The area set-piece.a particularly to be well-preserved Museum is considered (see south of the museum immediately use area Museum and the mixed Map).Proposals in character, mixed is essentially The area with a concentration of small hotels. in This concentration is particularly marked flanking the Museum,the Georgian terraces Montague Street. especially The Bloomsbury ward,highest is located has the within which this area in the Borough. ward houses of any of hotels and boarding number The offices, (principally Bloomsbury also includes Gardens area Square including House).Victoria of the large vacant premises in the area Other land uses example,include specialist shopping (for antiquarian booksellers and print and cafés.dealers) and restaurants in clustered types of activity are Both and in the area Russell Street south of Great the courtyard developments comprising Museum Street, Coptic Street, Bloomsbury Street, Oxford New Russell Street. and Great Street Museum, of and a mix of uses (with a large component hotel premises floor level. outlets) at ground specialist retail However, is also a there population,significant residential component a key with housing remaining of the mix of land uses, particularly on upper floors. The Council will accommodation under policies contained residential to protect continue in the Plan. elsewhere visitors.destination for this from planning issue which flows The key uses. specialist retail suitable for premises concerns the need to protect The need to protect premises suitable for specialist for suitable premises The need to protect uses retail Introduction
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.90 some 5.8 million visitors each year. Museum receives The British A number 14.87 to include the British The boundary has been drawn of this local area 14.88 the and is dominated by The boundary drawn has been tightly of the area 14.89 as a its attractiveness from derive on land uses in the area pressures Key 14.86 (Bloomsbury) Much of the central part of the Borough is dominated by 8Area Street The Museum
14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 394 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 395 to non-retail use will not normally be permitted except where the proposal the where permitted except be not normally use will to non-retail the area. and function of to the character not be detrimental would The which area the character of the Museum Street Council considers that units, of specialist retail its concentration from derives be adversely would for available stock of premises in the significant diminution any by affected purposes. retail and A3 (Food changes of use to Class for pressures arises from provision Drink). to monitor the further will undertake The Council research A3 uses, impact of existing cumulative with policy SH18. in line London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.91 shopping of this specialist to the retention threats One of the greatest 60/65+ 30-59/64 16-29 (full count) under-16s 0 50 Gender MalesFemales 305 517 Ethnic group White groupsBlack groupsBangladeshiAsian and other *Born in Ireland in the 1991 Census * not identified as an ethnic group 590 54 89 89 31 Age Under-16s16-2930-59/6460/65+(i.e. pensionable age) over 87 288 369 76 Museum Street Area profile Area Street Museum Basic counts All residentsHouseholdsHousehold residents presentPersons 495 859 1,400 249 400 350 300 250 200 150 100
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development
14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 396 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 397 present Multi adult Lone parent Couple with children Couple without children Single person Residents per householdNo carOwner-occupied rentedPrivately Housing associationLocal authorityMedical & careEducation houseHotel or boarding 69 27 64 164 2 12 89 3 116 110 54 338 3 215 54 228 - - 43 - 258 - 304 136 Built formHousesPurpose-built flatsFlats in non-residentialConversionsResidential institutions Units Household type 18 223 Single person 18 Couple without children 22 Couple with childrenLone parent 27 Multi-adult 44 21 130 10 45 Accommodation Units Residents Persons London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA Economic position Males Females Total Under 16 45 47 92 In employment 164 270 434 Unemployed 34 39 73 Long-term sick 10 3 13 Students 22 69 91 Home & family 7 54 61 Retired 23 35 58
Retired
Home & family
Students
Long-term sick
Unemployed
In employment
Under 16
Major employers, Museum Street 1997
Personal & community services
Education & Health
Public administration
Business services
Financial services
Transport & communications
Hotels & restaurants
Distibutive trades
Production & construction
Source: 1991 Census and Annual Employment Survey 1997
398 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 399 London and associated institutions to sites within the University Map. identified on the Proposals Precinct London’s national and international role by the existence of world class the existence of world by role national and international London’s educational establishments. and that universities also recognises RPG3 major teaching and specialist hospitals) of learning (including other centres and act areas an important of surrounding influence on the activities have users and visitors. points for as focal for a demand often create They use residential and help bring additional accommodation nearby residential into the city centre. standing with an academic and is an institution of national and international supporting population of some 15,000. It is one of the largest single in the area,employers and services, of goods a major purchaser an important and an and tenant.land owner landlord extensive The located) has the is Precinct Bloomsbury (within which the University ward in the ward students of any and visiting of resident highest percentage Borough. to mean that its influence is likely advances in technology and research to grow.continue in land use terms in reflected to be This is likely academic and student accommodation and the use additional demands for of educational,and provision retail, facilities. and recreational employment particular uses will be most within Central London where areas expansion for appropriate.The is to guide proposals here adopted approach and associated institutions to sites within the University the University by outside it. development University whilst restraining Precinct This would its further certainty, to plan for needs with more enable the University with and business community residential the surrounding whilst providing further growth. piecemeal and incremental outward from protection robust In practice, flexibility of degree an additional this could include exercising purposes within the Precinct. University land use changes for regarding All activities will be guided in the expansion of University-related for proposals Precinct. the first instance to the University Expansion to the University of London Expansion to the University CL4 of expansion of the University for The Council will guide proposals Strategic context London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14.93 within the Borough. has a significant presence of London The University It 14.94 higher education coupled with of rising demand for trend The current 14.95 the identification of specific geographical for provides Strategic Guidance 14.92the important Strategic Guidance (RPG3) describes to contribution made 9 Precinct The University 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA Public access to University facilities
CL5 Where such proposals include social or leisure facilities, or the provision of additional open space, the Council will seek to secure widened public access to them.
14.96 The Council recognises that the needs of the University with its sizeable student population are often at variance with those of the surrounding residents and businesses. These differing needs must be carefully balanced in order to allow reasonable and necessary development by the university and associated institutions in appropriate locations, whilst ensuring that the accommodation, supporting services and amenities of the local residential and business community are not eroded in a piecemeal fashion.
14.97 The lack of community facilities has been a key planning issue particularly in the Fitzrovia and Covent Garden areas. In order to alleviate this identified need, wider public access to social and leisure facilities provided by the university will be sought. This will be important in mitigating the lack of local community facilities.
400 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 401 60/65+ 28 30-59/64 16-29 * (full count) under-16s 0 not identified as an ethnic group in the 1991 Census not identified as an ethnic group 50 Gender MalesFemales 251 331 Ethnic group White groupsBlack groupsBangladeshiAsian and other Born in Ireland 445 50 82 5 * Age Under-16s16 - 2930 - 59/65+60/65+(i.e. pensionable age) over 36 280 173 92 University Precinct profile Precinct University Basic counts All residentsHouseholdsHousehold residents presentPersons 354 735 1,539 209 300 250 200 150 100 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA Accommodation Units Residents Persons present Residents per household 1.7 No car 140 217 - Owner-occupied 53 77 - Privately rented 93 173 - Housing association 21 33 - Local authority 41 70 - Medical & care 2 133 151 Education 3 71 146 Hotel or boarding house 13 20 180
Built form Units Houses 5 Purpose-built flats 125 Flats in non-residential 18 Conversions 96 Residential institutions 18
Household type Single person 117 Couple without children 49 Couple with children 17 Lone parent 3 Multi-adult 23
Multi adult
Lone parent
Couple with children
Couple without children
Single person
402 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 14 CENTRAL LONDON AREA 403 Personal & community services & community Personal Health & social work Education Public administration Business services & communications Transport Hotels & restaurants trades Distibutive Retired Home & family Students Long-term sick Unemployed In employment Under 16 Source: 1997 Survey Employment Annual 1991 Census and Major employers, 1997 Precinct University Economic positionEconomic Under 16In employmentUnemployedLong-term sick MalesStudentsHome & familyRetired Females 127 13 14 2 Total 5 65 301 22 25 8 4 22 428 45 35 42 22 6 27 110 67 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 15 SPECIAL POLICY AREAS 405 CT1 MarketsCT2 Arts and entertainment usesCT3 Underground Camden Town StationCT4 environment Pedestrian 419 419 419 417 HR1 and setting of the Heath Character HR2 of the Heath Surroundings HR3 to the Heath Approaches HR4 of and to the Heath Views HR5 the Heath from Views HR6 Land usesHR7 Density and site coverageHR8 413 elevationsand rear Roofs 414 414 414 415 415 416 415 RC1 Visual characterRC2 ScaleRC3 and skyline Views RC4 uses and buildings Traditional RC5 and structures Historic features RC6 RecreationRC7 AccessRC8 chain Green RC9 and facilities Information RC10 WaterspaceRC11 MooringsRC12 Transport 410 410 409 409 409 411 410 411 411 412 412 412 5 Camden Town 4 of Special Character Area The Hampstead and Highgate Ridge 3 of Special Character Area Canal The Regent’s 1 1 policies Part 2 Introduction 407 408 2 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 15Areas Special Policy 15 SPECIAL POLICY AREAS 407 Character and other special policy areas within the Borough, Character and other special policy areas London’s towards make the unique contribution they recognising architectural, historic, diversity. and cultural environmental and justified here as a framework for Part for 2 (local) policies: as a framework and justified here SCH1 of Special Areas will seek to conserve The Council and enhance conservation areas. it will be important these areas to retain Throughout and enhance the visual character, and any and scale of the area appearance buildings; which contribute to the character of the area features retain in the area); links with traditional uses have those which (especially and, in use areas,mixed mix of activities of an appropriate the retention to foster and land uses. Character and other special policy areas within the Borough that make a that make within the Borough Character and other special policy areas and and variety of townscape unique contribution to the attractiveness within London as a whole.environment been designated have The areas a variety of reasons,for example, for or architectural their historic for qualities,quality, or landscape their townscape for their mix of uses or for and cultural diversity. is to The common purpose in designating these areas assist in the preservation of their special character, not which often derives an quality but also from or environmental architectural their from only and, function area’s case of some areas, in the their mix or pattern of from land uses. 1 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 15.1 policy has been identified in Part strategic The following I and is repeated 15Areas Special Policy 1 1 policies Part 15.3 or partly either wholly by covered additionally are areas Each of these 15.2of Special Areas of a number are that there The Council recognises many London Boroughs before reaching the Thames, the reaching before of corridor a Boroughs London forming many unique character. in of historic and visual interest It is an important feature and,the townscape the decline of traditional canal-related following activities,commercial as a valuable recognised has been increasingly activities, leisure water-based for resource its its ecological value and for transportationpotential for recreation. and informal aim It is the Council’s to conserve of the Canal and to and enhance the existing character recreation, its potential for improve transportation and wildlife. buildings and canal contribute more between relationship and the informal other factors to the character of the Canal.than any It is possible to identify 17 distinct sections along the Canal, character. each with its own The sections vary in water level, considerably and in width and direction and use of adjacent buildings and landscape. the nature guidance aimed at the preservation of the character of or enhancement each one of the 17 sections identified is contained in the document Canal in Camden (1983).The Regent’s proposals In assessing development the Canal,that affect into consideration the the Council will also take by looking at a number of characteristics of individual areas. of characteristics of individual looking at a number by Recognition of as a mechanism for has been developed areas between the differences need for (including the pressures competing development reconciling policy delivery. a tool for and as restraint) Part has involved of this analysis example, (for character and quality of some areas looking at the special in quality,terms of their architectural mix of land use activities or historic associations). of special quality or areas Support appropriate identifying for character, including conservation areas, 8.8 of Strategic in paragraph is given Guidance (RPG3). been designated: of Special Character have Areas Two Canal and the Hampstead and Highgate Ridge.the Regent’s Specific policies (though policies in this chapter contained in this chapter are these areas for in the Plan). in conjunction with those contained elsewhere should be read of as a result protection additional Substantial parts receive areas of these their status as conservation areas. of a number also includes This chapter Town. to Camden policies relating such as land uses on key These focus markets,retail arts, entertainment and media and on transport issues. Special Character
2
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 15.6 vista, The ever-changing elements the variety and contrast of townscape 15.7 Canal has been designated as a conservation and further area The Regent’s 15.5 Canal, The Regent’s part of the Grand Union Canal, through way winds its 3 of Area Canal The Regent’s 215.4 Introduction of the Borough, contains a description of the structure 2 Chapter defined
15 SPECIAL POLICY AREAS 408 15 SPECIAL POLICY AREAS 409 the existing skyline, intrudes into important or obstructs canalside views to familiar landmarks. views character of the Canal by ensuring that canalside development provides canalside development ensuring that by character of the Canal or rurality massing and a sense of either enclosure a variety in terms of to the particular canal section concerned. as appropriate established scale of the particular section of the Canal.The height of that of existing canalside buildings or as a buildings should reflect frame the Canal should not general rule the height of buildings which from on either side of the Canal as taken domestic storeys exceed four level. towpath Views and skyline Views RC3 impact on that has an adverse development any The Council will resist relate the visual experience of the Canal to the urban context.Well-known the visual experience of the Canal to the relate landmarks, a distance, whether adjacent to the canal or seen from act as and assist with orientation. points of reference Scale RC2 buildings maintain the that all new The Council will seek to ensure Visual character RC1 visual enhance the diverse or to preserve The Council will seek to wider open spaces; townscape “Venetian” hard enclosed spaces of contrast with softer semi-rural sections.industrial townscapes Buildings set back making space for the canal edge or are sometimes rise sheer from landscaping. and enjoyable the Canal experience more makes This diversity occurs. should be perpetuated when redevelopment and the small scale of canal structures, such as bridges and locks, and of the canalside buildings. vary Whilst the latter in scale, exceptionally only they storeys.exceed four occur in only storeys domestic four Buildings above sections of the Canal and Street and Bonny the Camden Lock (west) development. future as a guide for should not be taken This height limitation is in line with the London Canals Committee guidelines. London Canals Committee Standards for Canalside Development – Development Canalside for Committee Standards London Canals (1993). Guidelines Control Development new is preparing The Council Statement. Area Canal Conservation a Regent’s of guidance in the form London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 15.10 area the surrounding Important along the Canal and to and from views 15.8 The character of the Canal changes dramatically, tightly ranging from 15.9 width its narrow of its character from much Canal derives The Regent’s potential of the canal in so far as this does not adversely affect the affect potential of the canal in so far as this does not adversely conservation of the and is consistent with the capacity nature interest area. and the amenity of the surrounding waterway The Council will not displaced by activities are that existing water-based seek to ensure of use. or change redevelopment restoration of historic features and structures which contribute to the which and structures of historic features restoration character of the Canal. development, In the case of new the Council will the for proposals of any that the design and materials seek to ensure and banks,towpath including landscaping, the traditional respect character of the Canal. traditionally associated with the Canal and retain buildings which and retain associated with the Canal traditionally character.contribute to its traditional sites, all other canalside On the and mix of uses which complement the character Council will seek a function of the Canal,the particular to the character of appropriate section. RC6 and leisure recreational of the The Council will encourage development Recreation of most partseasy reach of the Borough. clubs are Cruising and canoeing by favoured quiet stretches are based on the canal in Camden and there anglers. facilities or leisure recreational of new Indiscriminate provision Historic features and structures Historic features RC5 and, The Council will seek the retention possible, wherever the of industrial archaeology that date from the period when the Canal was that date from of industrial archaeology an important are part of our heritage. navigation commercial used for to,Improvements of, or provision access ramps and stairs, towpath surfaces, railings, fences, to be will have seats and other similar features of the Canal character the appropriate designed to preserve sensitively environment. Traditional uses and buildings uses and Traditional RC4 and activities uses commercial to protect The Council will seek the waterways have ceased. have the waterways and that period remain from Some buildings Canal and add of the Regent’s a major contribution to the character make to the canal scene.interest A mix of uses, uses, recreational including during uses will sustain public interest housing and employment-generating a wide period of the day. industrial uses in particular Light contribute to the preservation of the traditional character of the waterway.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 15.13 within recreation a unique opportunity The canal offers water-related for 15.12 Bollards, walls, retaining bridges and abutments, plaques and other elements 15.11 transport, freight With the decline of on activities that relied commercial
15 SPECIAL POLICY AREAS 410 15 SPECIAL POLICY AREAS 411 Council will work with British Waterways to promote the provision of the provision to promote Waterways with British Council will work material and and interpretative signposting and informative appropriate will encourage public art along the canal corridor. The design and siting the traditional appearance, should respect such provision of any character and setting of the canal. the The Council will seek to secure centre, of a canal information re-opening at Camden Lock. preferably possible, should be standards access points designed to disability new proposals,incorporated into development more linking the towpath with the local pedestrian network.closely The Council will encourage existing access points and between gaps are there where this provision use. intensive of in areas in a and a pedestrian route wildlife for a habitat Chain to provide pleasant environment.as part the canal of Council will promote The circular create and will seek to Walks of Metropolitan the network to link the canal to other open spaces. routes RC9 of the canal, enjoyment and leisure of recreational In the interests the Information and facilities Information level.street It is important and to assist potential users with directions and information use of the canal through the recreational promote Green Chain Green RC8 and enhance the canal as a Green The Council will seek to protect Access RC7 public access to the canal.to improve The Council will seek Wherever established. are above to the street connections frequent Long sections without access,overlooked, in particular not those which are rise can give attacks and discourage use. of possible to fears system.Walks habitat which wet a rare It provides the Metropolitan enriches the ecology along its course and provides of the inner urban areas environment. carfree pedestrians in a safe for route an attractive along the canal is undesirable as it could give rise to conflicts between rise to conflicts as it could give canal is undesirable along the character of tranquillity and visual could disrupt the users and different as the amenity of local residents. the canal as well certain of stretches additional for with potential areas are Cross Camden Lock and Kings transport. connections to public facilities with good London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 15.16 not easy to identify from is not very The canal visible and access points are 15.14 if be effective can only as a pedestrian route The use of the canal towpath 15.15 part as forming of Chain as well Canal is a designated Green The Regent’s transport provided that the level of use remains compatible with its use of use remains that the level transport provided cantilever or bridge over the waterspace or towpath. or bridge over cantilever Where, in the past, been filled in,have canal basins water-based for their reinstatement will be encouraged. recreation affect or adversely of the waterway these will not hinder navigation area.the amenities in the surrounding on Moorings should be provided accessibility, in locations with good bank and only the non-towpath and servicing adequate where facilities can be provided. Transport RC12 passenger and freight the use of the canal for The Council will promote Moorings RC11 of moorings in locations where the provision The Council will welcome Waterspace RC10 on, encroach no buildings will be permitted which would Generally is to be maximised, pedestrian route as an attractive it is necessary to these opportunities. restrict that would development resist excavation The as well as recreation water space for suitable of basins could provide industrial archaeology. some of Camden’s restoring house-boats. well-serviced providing has the potential for Kings Cross permanent moorings, including residential, and Cumberland Basin could support of these as well, a number to if the existing basin were especially of part of the original spur to Cumberland excavation the be extended by Market. serviced moorings need to be adequately to in order Permanent with to local amenities and interference function without causing problems on the towpath.pedestrian movement for considering applications When such moorings, to the London Canals regard the Council will have Canalside Moorings.Committee Guidelines for that accepted It is generally planning permission and can thus be regulated moorings require residential authority, the local planning by a function of whilst other moorings are of the control beyond statutory therefore duties and are Waterways British the local authority. education. of public art incorporation the canal by can enhance Selective legibility and orientation. and contributing to references historic reinforcing of large numbers which receives in an area Camden Lock is located visitors. in this location could help centre of an information Provision its and better use of the canal environment make encourage visitors to amenities.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 15.17 recreation, water-based If the potential of the canal for transportation and 15.18 permanent moorings, the demand for The Council recognises including for
15 SPECIAL POLICY AREAS 412 15 SPECIAL POLICY AREAS 413 Heath and its setting and will seek to ensure that any proposals for the for proposals that any Heath and its setting and will seek to ensure City Corporation and English Heritage of the Heath the management by and other compatible with this objective are respectively and Kenwood policies in this Plan. for water-based recreation and there is no unacceptable adverse effect no unacceptable adverse is and there recreation water-based for or the environment. on amenity covering most of the developed area: most of the developed Village,covering Village, Hampstead Highgate Redington/Frognal, South Hill Park, Mansfield, Dartmouth Park and Holly Lodge Estate. of Special Character, Area the to the policies for In addition individual conservation into account guidance for the Council will take part (forming of Supplementaryareas Planning Guidance) when assessing development. for proposals together with the area of developed land surrounding it, land surrounding of developed together with the area occupies the high Hampstead and Highgate.Thisridge between along the slopes down edges with the southern edge being the starteastern and western of the Thames flood plain. the from Much of its character and variety derives of the area,characteristic topography in considerable and often resulting level,abrupt changes of ground the and a significant contrast between and Highgate villages and of Hampstead dense urban quality of the cores of the immediate fringes of the the spaciousness and rural atmosphere to the south).Heath (with the exception of the areas are There the Heath to the east over the Heath and from across magnificent views the Highgate plateau and Dartmouth Park slopes, of Saint with the spire emerging on the skyline.The church long distance ridge also offers Michael’s to the south,views and the areas with a panorama of central London beyond. Character and setting of the Heath HR1of the and/or enhance the character The Council will seek to preserve Area of Special Character Area Borough and is suited to the short distance movement of passengers as and is suited to the short distance movement Borough as the transport cost freight, unit of bulky low well such as construction materials. if some road benefits will result Significant environmental to the canal.Theretransport be transferred could is a need to control with the recreational is no conflict that there of activity to ensure levels potential. or its ecological the waterway for objectives London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 15.21 conservationboundaries of the area, within the areas seven are There 15.20 Land which, Open of Metropolitan Hampstead Heath is a unique area 4 Highgate Ridge The Hampstead and 15.19 the through uncongested route but slow a relatively The canal provides the Heath so as to safeguard their present contribution to the setting of contribution their present the Heath so as to safeguard the Heath. adjacent to it. and open areas to the Heath and to the wooded views the varied character of the streets and townscapes within the Area of Area within the and townscapes the varied character of the streets Special Character. grassland, development. by ponds surrounded parkland and The of natural countryrelationship built-up urban to its fringe in a highly design and development. for problems special creates environment It is unique this the character deriving from and develop important to retain relationship. on the Heath 4 deals with development EN46 in chapter Policy spaces and buildings in but the management of the open and Kenwood character of the Heath and its the affects also landscape to use and relation with policies, in accordance fringes and should be example, for on nature conservation, of existing leisure and expansion SSSIs and the safeguarding facilities. Views of and to the Heath Views HR4 and of the Heath or enhance views The Council will seek to preserve HR3 leading to along roads development will seek to control The Council an anticipation of the open space. creating roads can be This effect leading to it and the views the character of the roads through reinforced that can be had on approaching. The siting, of and appearance form framing these views,development and landscaping, together with trees with the contribute to the setting of the Heath and to its relationship built-up area. surrounding contrasts and views. interesting that offer The Heath is also visible from it, that surrounds area some locations within the developed from not only the main approaches. also important are vistas of other open spaces There HR2 the existing scale and and reinforce will seek to protect The Council to the Heath Approaches Surroundings of the Heath of the Heath Surroundings character, distinctive which has its own the built-up townscape ranging from Park and of Fitzroy atmosphere quality of Hampstead village to the rural Park. Waterlow Highgate Cemeterythe steep hill slopes by and
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 15.22 The Heath is a unique feature, woodland, of varied 324 hectares heathland, 15.24 The visual boundary of the Heath extends along some of its approach 15.25 Heath, Within the changes and topographical varied landscapes are there 15.23 areas,of different The fringe of the Heath is made up of a variety each of
15 SPECIAL POLICY AREAS 414 15 SPECIAL POLICY AREAS 415 protect residential use throughout the area. use throughout residential protect of areas In the core Hampstead and Highgate villages, the Council will encourage the of a mix of uses. retention and unbuilt land,gardens permit new the Council will not normally in the surrounding at densities incompatible with those development that a substantial amount of each site and will seek to ensure area planting. and tree landscaping unbuilt and is used for remains particularly views to notable landmarks including the historic views of landmarks including the historic views to notable particularly views Westminster. and the Palace of Cathedral high or Where Saint Paul’s into those views, intrude foreground bulky buildings in the the Council will, on redevelopment, and with lower wish to see their replacement less bulky buildings. Density and site coverage HR7 of large has a significant proportion the existing development Where HR6 general character of the area, the to preserve In order the Council will its functions.Thebut also from shops and villages contain of the two cores support other community services in the and that mix of uses is reflected of the streets. of the buildings and the urban townscape nature Hampstead 8). (see chapter has been identified as a District Centre Outside these areas, residential, is predominantly development densities, with lower often consisting of individual houses set in spacious gardens. Land uses Views from the Heath from Views HR5 the existing skyline and viewpoints, The Council will seek to protect Heath; up the hillside to the edge of is continued effect its wooded Village.Highgate skyline to the east significant intrusions into the treed Any and the setting of the Heath. the natural character from detract would The although their original character retain the Heath largely from near views to the south have blocks tower Hospital and several Free the Royal to central into the long distance views intruded changes and have brought Telecom and the London and landmarks such as St Paul’s,Westminster tower, amongst others. and woodland within the fringes of the Heath, the fringes of the within Park and and woodland Waterlow as such Highgate Cemetery, importantof and amenity to the character are which adjoining areas. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 15.27 characteristics its physical from not only derives of an area The character 15.26 the from when viewed ridge is very The Hampstead/Highgate prominent proposals for development including alterations or extensions to the including alterations or extensions development for proposals the established of existing buildings will be expected to safeguard roofs area. in the and roofscapes and traditional rooflines Within these locations, special consideration to the design the Council will also give of existing buildings. and alterations to the rear elevations of rear residential population of approximately 12,500 people. population of approximately residential contains a It also major shopping and service centre, in a variety of employment providing sectors. popular for itself has become increasingly The centre entertainment example, and tourism activities (for markets, weekend such as cinemas, entertainment venues and evening restaurants clubs and the Major extends beyond wine bars).Area Special Town The Camden use areas. and mixed residential to include surrounding Shopping Centre It section of Special Character (see Area Canal the Regent’s is bisected by above). major roads. transport public accessibility by of several and is the focus certain areas within the fringes of the Heath its particular of the Heath its within the fringes certain character. areas built and open space would balance between Altering the established and in over-development the existing character and result detract from opportunities of importantcould lead to the loss for or reduce landscape planting. by protected trees over control of Council will use its power The and Country or in a conservation Preservation (Town Order area Tree a Planning Act 1990). Roofs and rear elevations Roofs and rear HR8 Heath and other open spaces, the visible from In locations that are any an important Lodge and DartmouthHolly Park to the east make Parliament Hill. from when viewed contribution to the setting of the Heath Park or In parts of Highgate village,Waterlow adjoins development where Highgate Cemetery, is an important feature. the roofline and Special care where profile and their to the design of roofs attention needs to be given Heath,Waterlow the Park or Highgate Cemetery. these can be seen from as South Hill Park and Mansfield, such In areas to buildings back on where the Heath, across views can contribute to or detract from elevations rear the Heath. Similarly, exposed are elevations rear in Highgate village many design is important and their of the to the appearance the topography by wider area.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 15.30 of uses. a wide diversity is characterised by Town Camden It has a 15.31 of boundary the shopping centre defined by high level has a The area 5 Camden Town 15.28open space gives private and well-wooded The incidence of large gardens 15.29 on the slopes occupied by to the south or in the Mansfield area Roofscapes
15 SPECIAL POLICY AREAS 416 15 SPECIAL POLICY AREAS 417 to existing authorised markets in Camden Town, the Council will seek in Camden to existing authorised markets of proposals, effect that the cumulative to ensure together with existing impact on local amenity, an adverse does not have in the area markets public safety, conditions. and highway environment effects on the existing public transport system arises from the increasing public transport on the existing effects arises from system at weekends, (especially Town in Camden markets popularity of off-street and visitors). tourists catering for the of people visiting The large number tube Town at the exits to Camden overcrowding causes severe markets to the north in traffic and an increase station and along the footways traders’ and visitors’ vehicles.congestion arising from The Council need to be managed so and scale of the markets considers that the number on local residents. do not place an unacceptable burden that they Policies 8. in chapter given activities are market controlling In addition: CT1 and extensions markets off-street new for When considering proposals local service centre. qualitative The Council seeks to encourage of attractiveness and maintain the overall provision in retail improvements the centre. However, is located in the heart of a the shopping centre close accommodation (with concentrations of residential use area mixed expansion of uncontrolled the potential conflicts between are and there by) of traffic levels of high the effects the shopping facilities (particularly from quality of the area. and environmental and the diversity movement) Policies new location for the appropriate 8 consider not only contained in chapter uses that might but also the type and mix of non-retail development retail of high public transport accessibility such as be accommodated within areas Major Centre. Town Camden Markets Shopping The high level of accessibility not only helps to support not only of accessibility activities, a range of The high level but has also, years, in recent of an expansion for pressure increasing led to uses. significant congestion in the area caused have flows in traffic Increases on local amenity,with consequent impacts and and the quality environment centre.character of the shopping tube At the same time,Town Camden congestion and of considerable problems experiencing station is currently TR3, Appendix 3).The chapter (see to will continue Council overcrowding will be relieved. the congestion how discuss with the operators the weekend popularity of growing office and studio uses and the units by the fourth (now at Camden Lock popular tourist destination most markets in London). London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 15.34 amenity and local residential concern regarding cause for The principal 15.33 itself is as a major shopping and Town The principal function of Camden 15.32 small light industrial of many include the replacement changes Other recent high level of public transport accessibility and may therefore, of public transport accessibility and may high level subject to the and other policies, of retail application of an expansion potential for have business uses. the supply which will improve provision Small-scale business and particularly appropriate small firms is considered of accommodation for compatible with the character of the centre. In all instances, the Council of the public transportwill be mindful of the capacity system in the vicinity trips. in passenger of the site to accommodate an increase years, In recent Town in Camden been approved in business floorspace have large increases on appeal).(largely tube station is At the same time,Town Camden be a station which experiences significant congestion (see to acknowledged TR3,Appendix 5). chapter It is expected therefore, in increase that any schemes from will arise principally business floorspace within the centre planning permission. have which already apply policy RE5. policy apply The Council considers it particularly important that of land should complement and enhance the existing diversity development uses in this area. mix of uses will not of an appropriate The introduction of activities, contribute to the diversity only services and employment the need to travel, and reduce locally opportunities available also but may and vitality of the centre,enhance the attractiveness including outside normal business hours. Further the adoption of a mixed justification for 3. in chapter is given use approach In all instances, the Council will be the quality and character of the local environment. concerned to protect Camden Lock and Chalk Farm is largely due to the concentration of a due to the concentration is largely and Chalk Farm Camden Lock in the area.The markets of on- and off-street number Council is concerned safety, impact on public adverse to minimise any local amenity, environment activities in in market increase any arising from conditions or highway Town.Camden addition, In of Practice a Code Council has developed the and will, in the area operators market for of with the assistance Health officers,Environmental and seek compliance with its standards (further in Supplementarysuggested practices guidance is also given Planning Guidance). congestion experienced of the existing highway In view in the area, particularly at weekends, traders the Council will also require their for parking provision operational adequate off-street to secure (see policy SH16).vehicles local is essential to protect Such provision any from arising effects and minimise the adverse amenity and environment traffic flows. in increases Business development Mixed land uses Mixed
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 15.37 has a Major Centre Town that Camden 7 acknowledge in chapter Policies 15.36Town, the Council will in Camden developments for In assessing proposals 15.35 station, underground Town Camden around overcrowding The severe
15 SPECIAL POLICY AREAS 418 15 SPECIAL POLICY AREAS 419 measures to improve the pedestrian environment within the shopping the pedestrian environment to improve measures the benefit of pedestrians, for centre residents, retailers, visitors and public transport users, bus users. especially will seek to Such measures the dominance of traffic in the centre,reduce or but will protect area. residential of the surrounding enhance the environment Underground station to relieve the congestion problems. station to relieve Underground based arts,Town. entertainment and media sector in Camden When uses, new for considering proposals an expansion of existing or for activities,impact of such adverse any the Council will seek to minimise uses on local amenity, and transport systems. the environment street and as a primary route with a high degree of through traffic.of through and as a primary with a high degree street route The the high incidence of accidents is illustrated by these roles conflict between to pedestrians. users is pedestrians and road The conflict between of people using the with large numbers particular at weekends great at Camden Lock. station to visit the markets underground Town Camden the pedestrian concerned to improve The Council is therefore Town. those visiting Camden for and enhance safety environment CT4 and, The Council will investigate appropriate, where implement accessibility, associated with transport considerable problems are there systems in the area. In particular, from station suffers the underground and at peak periods during the week.congestion both at weekends The Council wishes to see, practicable to are measures whatever and will take facilitate, station. and access to the underground of safety the improvement Camden Town Underground Station Underground Town Camden CT3Town to Camden improvements The Council will seek to achieve environment Pedestrian Arts and entertainmentuses CT2 expansion of a broad- and the retention The Council will welcome to the economy of Camden Town, providing employment diversity and diversity Town, employment providing of Camden to the economy the centre.attracting visitors to helped to such uses have In some instances Town. of Camden fabric and character the physical preserve The Council and to the the contribution of these activities to the economy recognises of the area.character and diversity However, and development the growth unacceptable to minimise controlled of such activities needs to be carefully impacts, amenity and the local residential on residential especially example, (for environment noise, through disturbance, fumes or smell). London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 15.40 as a principal shopping roles very serves different two High Street Camden 15.39 of public transport a high level by is characterised Town Camden Although 15.38 Arts, entertainment, a vital contribution activities make cinemas and media 15 SPECIAL POLICY AREAS One option in improving Camden Town could include the possible pedestrianisation, which may include continued bus access, of Camden High Street between Camden Town underground station and Camden Lock. The Council will consider radical measures, if necessary, to safeguard the viability of the town centre and ensure that public safety is not compromised.
420 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 423 parking standards 436 10 DS10: Cycle parking standards11 DS8, to Annex and DS10 DS9 440 442 6 DS6: vibration standards Noise and 7 DS7: Cycling standards 8 DS8: Car parking, servicing, taxi, coach and cycle 9 430 DS9: Servicing standards 434 439 1 DS1: General policy2 DS2: Residential density standard3 DS3: standard areas of play Provision 4 DS4: open space standard accessible Publicly 5 standards DS5:Visual privacy and overlooking 425 428 427 425 430 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 16 standards Development 16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 425 specified policies, and the of planning applications in the determination conditions,framing of planning to the opportunities and regard having site or building, each by constraints presented other material and to any planning considerations. policy HG10 to which reference should be made. policy HG10 to which reference of degree is a means of ensuring an appropriate of standards application spaciousness within a housing layout, and quality maintaining the character areas, within residential of life use of land. the optimum for and providing and to infrastructure population Density can also be useful in relating services example, (for or primary planning for provision health care education). environmental quality in Camden through the Development Control the Development quality in Camden through environmental system. this objective. will help achieve These standards set out They in deciding planning regard to which the Council will have criteria objective applications, to planning or determining conditions to be attached permissions. As such, to which developments the standards represent they adhere.should normally Nevertheless, strict that the Council recognises be practical and that some not always may compliance with the standards be appropriate. to individual cases may flexibility in their application Supplementary Planning Guidance document. to This has been produced the UDP,butaccompany part form does not of it. DS1 will be used, Standards The Development in conjunction with the to be are policies in earlier chapters and certainty clarity to give to the way applied. is stated at the or policies to which each relates The specific policy beginning of each standard. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 216.4 DS2: Residential density standard the implementation of to particularly relates standard This development 16.5 of the intensity of use of housing land. a measure Residential density is The 16 standards Development 1 DS1: policy General 16.3 the guidance on various topics can also be obtained from Additional 16.2 of a high level primary is to achieve objectives One of the Council’s 16.1 been devised of the UDP have in this chapter standards The development include all separate living rooms and bedrooms,include all separate living rooms plus gross site area in hectares site area gross Habitable rooms Habitable rooms Habitable rooms per acre Habitable rooms rooms Habitable 40 to 70 per hectare70 to 8585 to 250 99 to 173 per acre 173 to 210 210 to 617 40 to 70 per hectare 70 to 100 100 to 250 99 to 173 173 to 247 247 to 617 includes half the width of any adjoining road (public or private) adjoining road includes half the width of any Habitable rooms: Habitable or more. metres of 13 square kitchens with a floor area Bathrooms, toilets, closets, landings, halls, will be excluded. lobbies and recesses Site area: with residential development and parking standards, development with residential variations to the range set out in in circumstances be permitted may of densities specified here policy HG10. hectare: of habitable rooms Density (hrh) = number of 6m.up to a maximum sides or more a site is bounded on two Where roads,by a quarter of 3m) on the second of the width (up to a maximum will also be included in the site area.and subsequent roads The main developments and extensions of existing residential accommodation (use accommodation residential of existing and extensions developments class C3 only). that contain use schemes The assessment of mixed density. of the residential use will include consideration residential Where proposed, are buildings to residential changes of use of existing or where without proposed are accommodation of existing residential conversions gains in floorspace, amenity and space residential will apply the Council standards, density standards. but will not apply with adequate amenity housing in a satisfactory quality good environment space. standards, Density of the areas different as a range for expressed housing, types of housing (family different and for Borough mix of family housing),and non-family used in isolation but in conjunction will not be and amenity considerations.with townscape in the given are The standards table: following Definitions
a Hampstead and Highgate b Rest of the Borough Area c Central London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 16.9 per of habitable rooms on the basis of the number Density is calculated 16.8 line in that satisfactory can be achieved residents for conditions Provided 16.7 When considering density, of will be the achievement the main objective Density Zone housing Family or non-family housing Mixed 16.6 build housing to all new density standards is intended to apply It
16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 426 16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS
427 Shorter road frontage road Shorter 3m 60m Longest road frontage Longest road Net site area (60mx20m = 1200sqm) Net site area (63mx26m = 1638sqm) site area Gross 6m 20m frontage will be taken to be the longest one, to taken will be frontage a this is bounded by unless wide. less than 12m road and land private open spaces and Private roads will be included as part site. of the associated with a development Adjacent open space,excluded. will be canals and railways policy LC7 to which reference should be made. policy LC7 to which reference children, facilities for dedicated play bring about a need for such as in large of family- with a high proportion schemes (15 units or more) residential schemes of 1,000 sq.sized units or retail m. or more, the Council will LC7 and in line with policies provision of play level an appropriate require RE6. facilities are that these requisite Council policy aims to ensure designed to be safe, and fully sited within the development carefully who will use them. and carers accessible to the children terms of a formal, or as part area of an informal equipped playground Association (NPFA) Fields possible to the National Playing (where of 0.2-0.3 minimum recommended ha and 0.4-0.5 ha respectively). Large schemes,retail or other buildings with public access, consider locating may indoors; areas play is anticipated, provision outdoor where the NPFA will apply. standards minimum recommend The emphasis should be on a safe,promoting are as children and supervised secure environment to designated areas. their play restrict to always unlikely London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 316.10 DS3: standard areas of play Provision to the implementation of particularly relates standard This development 16.11 may development of a proposed the scale or nature where In circumstances 16.12 in schemes should be provided space within large residential Outdoor play provision by type and location. by provision to proposed It will be used in relation changes in open space provision, of existing open space both the protection EN53), (see policy provision new (see policy EN48) and proposed for example, developments. to large-scale residential in relation overleaf. table 7.1 in RPG3) is reproduced number of children and carers that may use the facility. use that may and carers of children number store A large retail room,or hospital waiting example, for at any children many might cater for one time,deal with to have only surgery may shop or doctor’s while a small children.one or two to the needs of should be given Consideration play and appropriate space more require may with disabilities who children equipment. the distance of should be within viewing carers for Provision ease of supervision. as to ensure so area play standard
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 16.15 as PPG17 – Sport (1991) (which also appears and Recreation B from Table 16.14 of open space level sets out the desired standard This development 4 DS4: open space accessible Publicly 16.13 space should be based on the potential The planning of internal play
16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 428 16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 429 * * * fields, other for but at least 40 hectares pursuits. car parking. Adequate age groups, different for play children’s and pursuits. recreation informal Should provide some car parking. environment;landscaped fields if and playing large enough. the parks are opportunities recreation, informal for conservation.including nature Often areas or attractive features characterised by accessible to thepublic not fully which are of the but contribute to the enjoyment space. amenity. informal for providing Primarily action with some non-intensive recreation uses.recreation locations. Car parking at key Variable Canal towpaths, paths, disused railways 20 hectares setting with a variety of Landscape 2 hectares court for games, Providing children’s 2 hectares Gardens, sitting-out areas, children’s 60 hectares largerappreciably heathland, Either i) Natural downland, recreation. passive contain playing May distance from home distance from 400 hectares of natural and corridors Large areas See paragraph 4.99 in chapter 4. 4.99 in chapter See paragraph car parking at The Council has not adopted the elements of this table which cover London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development SOURCE: Plan, London Development Greater Advisory in 1988. Committee London Planning as amended by * larger parks. Linear open spaces visitsPedestrian feasible Wherever which provide and other routes Small local parks and open spaces Weekend and occasionalWeekend foot,visits by cycle, car and short bus trips 1.2km Local Parks pedestrian visitorsFor a wide for providing natural features range of activities, including outdoor 0.4km visits,Pedestrian by especially old people and children;particularly valuable in high fields, sportsfacilities and playing 0.4km density areas play, sitting-out areas, conservation, nature of a specialist or other areas playgrounds nature, conservation including nature areas. District parks Metropolitan parks Metropolitan occasional visits by and Weekend car or public transport 3.2km or more commons, etc. woodlands or ii) informal the park is where and both active for parks providing Regional parks and open spaces Regional parks and open Land and Open Metropolitan Linked 3.2 - 8km Belt Corridors.Green and Weekend or public car occasional visits by transport heathland, downland, commons, and parkland also including woodlands accessible but which not publicly areas environmental contribute to the overall Type and Main FunctionType Approx. and size Characteristics policies EN5 and EN6 to which reference should be made.policies EN5 and EN6 to which reference Its purpose is or be refused in which planning permission may to indicate circumstances planning condition. by be required may acoustic measures Guidance Note 24: Planning and Noise (September 1994). residential For of noise, near a source development PPG24 sets out a range of noise levels Noise Exposure four for noise sources transport-related different from Categories. to determine into which of the Authorities are Local Planning regard site falls and then have a proposed Categories Noise Exposure four that Category.to the advice in the PPG for standards, The Council’s outlined below, within the Noise Exposure set out the trigger levels policies HG12 and EN19 to which reference should be made. EN19 to which reference policies HG12 and units which of different of habitable rooms the windows 18m between each other. face directly will be the distance requirement minimum This building (including balconies) and closest points on each the two between build housing. new for to proposals be applied will only be applied It will place on former takes redevelopment infill in situations where flexibly example,housing sites (for within an existing housing terrace). housing New have may requirement meet the minimum just which only developments the condition if by rights withdrawn development permitted future example, (for as a result be increased would of overlooking likelihood in extensions). of respect and subject, of onlooker the vertical levels of as the horizontal angle as well view. various and by be further external screening influenced by It may aspects of building design. and from the public highway from Overlooking will also be considered. areas and parking neighbouring private gardens will be assessed properties residential Extensions and alterations to existing merits.on their own and balconies, Roof terraces in particular, should not disturbance to the privacy of neighbouring habitable in unacceptable result separate occupation. space which is in garden and/or any rooms Further in Supplementaryguidance is given Planning Guidance. standards
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 16.19 to the implementation of particularly relates standard This development 16.20 In setting these standards, to the Planning Policy the Council has had regard 6 DS6: Noise and vibration standards 16.17 privacy, to ensure In order distance of be a minimum normally should there 16.18 is very a function of distance, much While overlooking by it is also affected 5 DS5:Visual overlooking privacy and 16.16 of to the implementation particularly relates standard This development
16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 430 16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 431 railways roads 0700 - 1900 1900 - 2300 2300 - 0700 65 dB LAeq,12h 60 dB LAeq,4h 62 dB LAeq,12h 55 dB LAeq,1h 57 dB LAeq,4h 52 dB LAeq,1h (referred to as ‘T’) under consideration and is usually used to assess ‘T’) under consideration to as (referred background noise. sound having the same energy as a fluctuating sound over the period ‘T’. the period sound over sound having the same energy as a fluctuating A90,T“A weighted” This is the 90% of a time period of noise exceeded for level Evening Night Day proposed noise sensitive building (that is, noise sensitive proposed or properties residential particular uses such as schools or hospitals) exceed the following standards, such as acoustic measures should introduce developers secondary glazing in combination with acoustic ventilation, the to reduce internal impact of this external noise. method is in decibels (dB). of However, the measurement relate to in order to it, response noise to the human ear’s it has become common practice to represents closely “scale” which more use the unit dB(A) which is a noise the human response. noise environmental The Council has adopted detailed below. which are standards the following Within the standards used: terms are L LAeq,T of a steady – the sound level the equivalent continuous sound level This is predicted one metre from noise sensitive facades. noise sensitive from one metre predicted are levels Facade obtained when field” levels “free assumed to be 3dB(A) higher than the buildings. from away measured are noise levels field values should be Free facade values. approximate of 3dB to derive the addition by corrected Period Time Sites adjoining Sites adjoining Sites adjoining railways and roads Sites adjoining railways Measurement Categories at which the Council will expect developers to take appropriate take to will expect developers at which the Council Categories noise. against of protection an adequate level ensure action to in (and definitions) can be found noise levels on methods of measuring Supplementary Guidance. Planning London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 16.24 the facade of a from one metre noise levels or predicted measured Where 16.22 ways. different in many Noise can be measured used The most frequently 16.23 Unless otherwise stated, and/or to be measured taken are all noise levels 16.21 noise and to minimise be employed Guidance on design solutions that can railways roads 0700-19001900-23002300-0700 74 dB Laeq,12h 74 dB Laeq,4h 72 dB Laeq,12h 66 dB Laeq,8h 72 dB Laeq,4h 66 dB Laeq,8h entertainment taking place within the development, particularly amplified music,entertainment involving does not cause a disturbance to outside the development. either within or occupants of adjacent dwellings entertainment, in the existing LAeq,15 minutes will be an increase there with the value when no units compared residential within nearby entertainment is taking place, to acoustic special attention should be given the impact. to reduce measures should also consider suitable Developers the hours of 2300 and that between if it is predicted acoustic measures in noise audible at adjacent noise sensitive increase is any 0700 hours there of entertainmentfacades as a result in the development. periods in PPG24, of the rail and road because of the considerable density the wide range of tourism and entertainment and facilities in the network Borough. particularly susceptible the area to make These factors combine period, and rail noise during the evening to road are local residents when homes. peace and quiet in their own entitled to expect reasonable plant/equipment or other uses, to ensure should be taken design measures external to sensitive one metre at a point predicted that noise levels measurement at least 5dB(A) less than the existing background facades are (LA90) when the equipment is in operation. it is anticipated that Where a noise that has a distinguishable,equipment will have continuous discrete note (whine, hiss, screech, distinct impulses in the are hum) and/or if there noise (bangs, clicks, clatters, thumps), to should be given special attention at least 10dB(A) below facade by sensitive at any noise levels the reducing the LA90 level. below, development for be refused should normally planning permission units. residential involving Sites adjoining places of entertainment New industrial developments industrial New PeriodDay Evening TimeNight Sites adjoining Sites adjoining
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 16.29 it is anticipated that, Where providing of a development as a result 16.28 of that noise as a result to ensure expect the developer The Council would 16.27 noisy involving developments new The Council considers that for 16.26 time periods in the standard, three are There time rather than the two 16.25 set out exceed the levels level) on the site (free-field levels noise Where
16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 432 16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 433 Vibration Dose internal 0.1 0.2 to 0.4 0.13 0.4 0.8 internally from,internally example, for trains within tunnels, or underground railways than 35dB(A)max. greater should not be within the rooms noise levels ancillary extraction and conditioning systems and to any plant, ducting and an impact on the external environment. have equipment which would The systems does all such output from that noise level Council seeks to ensure existing ambient noise levels,not increase existing levels to protect in order noise levels).This require in background (a rise “creep” may and prevent or air handling engineer and an environmental close co-operation between the particular an acceptable design solution for to agree the architect which the system is designed. and uses for premises plant/equipment or other uses, to ensure taken should be design measures external to sensitive at a point one metre predicted that noise levels measurement background at least 5dB(A) less than the existing facades are (LA90) when the equipment is in operation. it is anticipated that Where a noise that has a distinguishable,equipment will have continuous discrete note (whine, hiss, screech, distinct impulses in the are hum) and/or if there noise (bangs, clicks, clatters, thumps), to special attention should be given facade sensitive any plant and equipment at from the noise levels reducing the LA90 level. to at least 10dB(A) below introduce measures to reduce levels to within these standards at the design to within these standards levels to reduce measures introduce stage. development, being situated in dwellings particularly those which result and railways,adjacent to major roads the following Values (VDV) should not be exceeded (taken from BS 6472:1992): from should not be exceeded (taken (VDV) Values Ventilation ducts and air handling equipment ducts and air Ventilation PlaceCritical area (e.g. theatre) hospital operating Residential (day) Residential (night) Office Workshops ms-1.75) (VDV Levels Vibration Sites which may be affected by vibration by be affected may Sites which London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 16.34 noisy involving developments new considers that for The Council 16.33 to all air-cooling, applies standard The following heating, ventilation, 16.32 noise regenerated ground-borne by be affected may dwellings Where 16.31 will be exceeded, that these levels If it is predicted should the developer 16.30 of new vibration as a result unacceptable from residents protect To See also note below. TSR). (Diag 602 0.75m 1.0m1.5m 1.5m 2.0m 1.0m1.5m6.0m 1.5m 3.0m should be at least 0.5m clear There on either side of the track. 9.0m Way” signs “Give Require policy TR22 to which reference should be made.TR22 to which reference policy set are Design standards of safe, the provision cycling by to promote comfortable and convenient facilities. Feature Minimum Comments Preferred time standard of 40 dB(A) LAeq,T (during period of use) should be dB(A) LAeq,T (during period of use) should of 40 time standard achieved. at night time, hospital wards For 35 dB(A) of level an internal LAeq,1 is sought. activities: of the following in respect below b contra-flow way b two Radius of Curvature Sight Lines at Junctions (x dimension) Secondary & Local Distributor Roads Cycle Lane Width flow a with Width Cycle Gap Width Track Segregated way a one Standards related to specific land uses related Standards General offices (internal).Parks and open spaces.LAeq,1h. 45dB(A) LA.10 55dB(A) during period of use. Noise sensitive activities sensitive Noise
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 716.37 DS7: standards Cycling to the implementation of particularly relates standard This development 16.36 indicated noise levels the predicted aim to achieve should Developers 16.35 uses such as schools and hospitals, particularly sensitive For day- an internal
16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 434 16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 435 A normal maximum gradient of 3% gradient A normal maximum should be provided. A 5% gradient short be acceptable for distances may up to 60m. Exceptionally, a 7% short be acceptable for distances may up to 30m. with additional B standard Group lighting at junctions. and Council approval. and Council is bounded by wall/bushes. is bounded by wall/bushes. wall/bushes. 20m 2.5% 4.5m 9.0m2.4mTSR) 601.1 “Stop Signs” (Diag Require 4.5m Footway/Footpath Cycleway1.5m Total1.75m 1.5m Comment 1.5m 1.5m1.75m 3.0m 1.75m 3.25m 1.75m on both sides. site is open Where 3.25m or footpath of the footway one side Where 3.5m side is bounded by the cycleway Where bounded by are both sides Where Lighting Note: speeds, approach Because of cyclists’ lower be applied. may at junctions visibility splays reduced facilities shared-use width of segregated Minimum Visibility on Bends Crossfall Gradient Local Access Local Access Collectors Way Local Access London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 16.38 will apply: standards The following GFA) forms part forms of a larger GFA) 2 Where groups of single business units within the same Use Class groups Where provided, are Order servicing communal on the based areas should be provided. (GFA) floor area combined gross the size of the based on are defined in terms of GFA Standards whole development, not just the size of the individual unit. Thus, car parking,off-street servicing, be required or cycle parking may a small unit (under 500m where to service development the proposed That which is required essential staff. parking facilities for and to provide It does not parking or customer parking. include non-essential commuter Vans, the which provide vehicles commercial and other lorries servicing component of operational parking. Cycle parking is defined in terms of spaces each of which can accommodate one bicycle. used, cycle stands are Where the of spaces will be calculated on the basis of the design number of the particularcapacity proposed. type of stand The Central London Area broadly coincides with the Central broadly Area The Central London Map. and is illustrated on the Proposals Area Statistical use development,In the case of a mixed should be the standards to each land use.applied However, dual use of parking spaces practical. will be encouraged where development. policies TR12,TR16,TR17 and TR18 to which reference should be made.TR12,TR16,TR17TR18 to which reference policies and which includes should also be made to policy SH13 Reference schemes. in retail parking provision consideration of disabled 5,chapter the parking standards, and the servicing and cycle parking that follow,standards aim to deter unnecessary use, car essential cater for service vehicles, the use of bicycles. and promote single units parking Service vehicles Cycle parking Groups of Groups size Development Operational Car parking: Interpretation London Central Area land uses Mixed and cycle parking standards and cycle
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 16.40as set out in the annex. are The standards In line with the policies in 8 DS8: Car parking, servicing, taxi, coach 16.39 of to the implementation particularly relates standard This development
16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 436 16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 437 from side from
Access available 1.4m 2.4m 0.9m standard bays standard 2.4m 2.4m
Marked out shared space between two space between out shared Marked 4.8m parking: width of 6.0m minimum parking: width of 4.2m minimum parking: width of 3.6m Minimum constraints allow. than more of operational spaces where the total number provided. are 3 operational bays o o o 60 45 one-way. aisles are where be provided Angled parking can only Standard bays:Standard 2.4m x 4.8m persons bays of use as disabled capable of bays The number (that is, with dimensions 3.3m x 4.8m) should be: a and site provided are Each bay, bays 3 or fewer where b at a rate of 5% of bays and additional of 3 bays A minimum end of this chapter. x 4.8 Disabled persons bays:3.3m Disabled bays should be located as close as possible to Disabled bays pedestrian entrances and passenger lifts. be no must There doors – between or heavy obstruction – such as a raised kerb and the points of access. these bays 90 The standards for each Use Class are shown in the annex at the shown each Use Class are for The standards 2.4m Dedicated disabled persons bays should be designated with appropriate markings should be designated with appropriate Dedicated disabled persons bays * and signs. disabled persons bays Bay size Number of Position of Position disabled bays Aisle width Car parking numbers and space dimensions and space numbers Car parking Number of bays 0.9m London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development The minimum width at maximum radius should be 3.5m radius should width at maximum The minimum kerbs,between be radius should outside kerb and the minimum 9.0m. light 2.5m lanes (suitable for width of 2 x Minimum only),vehicles high 300mm wide x 100mm plus a 2-way on either side. kerb (minimum) curved ramps, For the up and x 100mm high a 500mm wide be separated by lanes must down (minimum). kerb straight ramps,For lanes possible the up and down wherever a 300mm wide x 100mm high kerb should also be separated by (minimum). Adequate space must be provided off the highway for vehicles to vehicles for off the highway be provided Adequate space must queue. In addition, at the top and be provided space must on the lift to pass a vehicle a vehicle bottom of the lift to enable waiting to use it. not be steeper than 14% (1:7) and,Gradients must wherever possible, should be less than 10% (1:10). a ramp joins the public highway,Where 6.0m in area a level length, the back of the footway, from measured be must highway. the ramp joins the public where provided only). light vehicles of 2.5m (suitable for Minimum only), light vehicles width of 2.5m (suitable for Minimum plus a side. on either kerb 300mm wide x 100mm high (minimum) Where access to a site is controlled by traffic signals, by a site is controlled access to Where barriers etc, within the curtilage of the site to be provided space must obstruct pedestrian and do not that queuing vehicles ensure on the public highway. movement vehicle Curved ramps ramps Straight Level standing Level Headroom ramp) Width (1 way Car lifts Ramps to parking areas Gradient Controlled access Controlled
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development
16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 438 16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 439 development not just the size of the individual not just the size of development whole Normally, the site in be able to enter and leave must all vehicles facing direction.a forward If in exceptional cases this is not possible, to the service vehicles be designed to enable must area rather than onto it. off the highway reverse paths on of swept evidence Applicants should provide submitted drawings. out, marked should be clearly and turning areas Servicing bays example,for colours and materials, different the use of by to car parking and storage.discourage their misuse for servicing Internal access roads industrial and commercial width of 6.0m, carriageway a minimum require premises plus a on either side. footway 1.8m minimum Where, short lengths, over and cannot be provided a footway is no pedestrian activity, there margin with a minimum a safety side of the on either be provided width of 0.5m must carriageway. Where groups of single commercial units within the same Use units within single commercial of groups Where provided,Class are servicing communal areas, based on the floor area,combined gross should be provided. based on the size are of development defined in terms Standards size of the in the annex at the shown each Use Class are for The standards end of this chapter. unit.Thus, a small where be required servicing off-street may part forms of a larger development. unit (under 500sqm GFA) policy TR23 to which reference should be made.TheTR23 to which reference standards following policy will apply: Access roads margins Safety Turning areas Turning Swept paths Demarcation single units size Development Servicing standards Number of bays Servicing: Interpretation of Groups London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 916.41 DS9: Servicing standards of to the implementation particularly relates standard This development To allow flexibility in design, allow is To employees cycle parking for specified in terms of spaces, each of which can accommodate one bicycle. However, be visitors should normally for parking using cycle stands,provided each of which can accommodate bicycles. two on the based size are defined in terms of development Standards not just the size of the individual size of the whole development unit. Thus, a small unit where be required cycle parking may part forms of a larger development. (under 500sqm GFA) in the annex at the shown each Use Class are for The standards end of this chapter. within the either should be provided employees Parking for building, but within the curtilage or outside the building of the site. within the curtilage visitors should be provided Parking for adjacent to the entrance.of the site and immediately Maximum collection distances: Maximum Bins/Sacks: 25m Paladins:10m Deliveries” “Designing for Association’s Transport The Freight service for design information additional vehicles (1983) provides and service areas. Gradients on ramps should not be steeper than 10% (1:10). be steeper than 10% ramps should not Gradients on light and for be provided 3.5m must A vertical clearance of vehicles. medium goods policy TR22 to which reference should be made.TR22 to which reference policy standards The following will apply: Cycle parking: Standards Number of spaces Location Spaces and stands size Development Cycle parking: Interpretation Refuse collection Other information Gradient Headroom
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 16.42to the implementation of particularly relates standard This development 10 DS10: standards Cycle parking
16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 440 16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS
441 350mm 220mm 100mm 20mm diameter Wall stand Wall concrete base concrete 750mm minimum clearance of obstruction any ground level ground hollow section hollow galvanised steel tube 50mm diameter Cycle stands should be provided for visitor parking. visitor for Cycle stands should be provided Where space is limited, an cycle parking bars provide wall-mounted acceptable alternative. to cycle stands,In addition cycle cages and other innovative parking. employee for designs will be considered A minimum 1.0m gap should be provided between adjacent between be provided should 1.0m gap A minimum end stands and any of 0.75m between stands and a clearance obstruction. with a thermoplastic finish are “Sheffield” parking stands satisfactory all types of security for provide as they preferred bicycle. 2 bicycles. parking space for Sheffield stand provides A (see figure provided Stands which grip the wheel should not be below). Should be positioned out of the line of pedestrian movement, positioned out of the Should be surveillance is possible, frequent but where and should be for bicycles will be parked where the weather from protected long periods. public cycle stands should be The location of signed. clearly to tube plate welded plate welded
150 x 150 x 6 steel
750mm 250mm Sheffield stand Visitor parking parking Employee Cycle parking stands Spacing Design Stands London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS Annex to DS8, DS9 and DS10
Standards for number of parking bays (Car/van parking, servicing and cycle parking)
A1 Shops
Vehicle Type Standard
Cars Central London Area: maximum of 1 space per 1,000-1,500m2 GFA.
Rest of Borough: maximum of 1 space per 600-1,000m2 GFA. Where additional customer parking is justified under policy SH13, the maximum standard is 1 space per 25m2 GFA, with 5% of this designated and designed for disabled drivers.
Taxis 1 taxi picking up/dropping off bay per 1,000m2 GFA
Service vehicles For developments of less than 500m2 GFA, provision is to be agreed on a case-by-case basis. No on-site provision may be necessary where site highway conditions are acceptable.
For developments of more than 500m2 GFA, a minimum of one 3.5m x 16.5m bay within the curtilage of the site should be provided, and sufficient additional space to cater for the maximum expected accumulation and size of service vehicles
Cycles For developments of less than 500m2 GFA, a minimum of two spaces should be provided if practicable.
For developments of more than 500m2 GFA, 1 space per every additional 500m2 GFA or part thereof should be provided.
442 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 443 2 2 GFA. GFA. 2 2 GFA, 1 space should be GFA, of one a minimum GFA, of one a minimum 2 2 2 GFA, 1 space. GFA, is to be provision GFA, is to be provision GFA or part thereof. GFA 2 2 2 2 provided per every additional 500m additional per every provided within the curtilage of the site should be 3.5m x 8m bay provided, the space to cater for and sufficient additional and size of service expected accumulation maximum vehicles. 3.5m x 8m bay within the curtilage be of the site should 3.5m x 8m bay provided, the space to cater for and sufficient additional service and size of expected accumulation maximum vehicles. GFA. Rest of Borough: of 1 space per 600-1,000m maximum permitted. Customer car parking is not normally GFA. Rest of Borough: 600-1,000m of 1 space per maximum but, minimum to the operational Parking should be kept where provided, to accommodate the first space shall be designed disabled drivers, spaces shall be both additional and 5% of any disabled drivers. designed and designated for Central London Area:Central London of 1 space per 1,000-1,500m maximum of less than 500m developments For of 2 cycle spaces. Minimum Central London Area:Central London of 1 space per 1,000-1,500m maximum of less than 500m developments For of less than 500m developments For For developments of more than 500m of more developments For basis. on a case-by-case agreed be may No on-site provision acceptable. conditions are necessary site and highway where than 500m of more developments For agreed on a case-by-case basis. on a case-by-case agreed be may No on-site provision acceptable. conditions are necessary site and highway where than 500m of more developments For Service vehicles Cycles A3 Food and drink A3 Food TypeVehicle Standard Cars Cycles Vehicle TypeVehicle Standard Cars Service vehicles A2 Financial and professional services and professional A2 Financial B1 Business London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS B1 Business (see A2 Financial and professional services)
B2 and B8 General industrial and storage and distribution
Vehicle Type Standard
Cars Central London Area: maximum of 1 space per 1,000-1,500m2 GFA.
Rest of Borough: maximum of 1 space per 600-1,000m2 GFA.
Service vehicles A minimum of one 3.5m x 16.5m bay within the curtilage of the site, and sufficient additional space to cater for the maximum expected accumulation and size of service vehicles.
Cycles Minimum of 1 cycle space per 350m2 GFA or part thereof.
C1 Hotels
Vehicle Type Standard
Cars A maximum of 1 space per 20 bedrooms in the Central London Area, and 1 space per 10 bedrooms in the rest of the Borough. At least 5% of these spaces are to be designed and designated for use by disabled drivers.
Coaches Minimum of 1 off-street coach parking bay per 100 bedrooms or part thereof in the Central London Area, and 1 off-street coach parking bay per 50 bedrooms in the rest of the Borough.
Taxis Minimum of 1 taxi dropping off bay within the curtilage of the site per 50 bedrooms or part thereof.
Service vehicles For hotels with less than 20 bedrooms, provision is to be agreed on a case-by-case basis. No on-site provision may be necessary where site and highway conditions are acceptable. For hotels with more than 20 bedrooms, sufficient space should be provided to cater for the maximum expected accumulation and size of service vehicles.
Cycles Minimum of 1 cycle space per 20 bedrooms or part thereof.
444 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 445 GFA. 2 Minimum of 1 cycle space per 450m Minimum Minimum of 1 cycle stand per 20 units.Minimum cycle use by Where to be high, is likely residents will be cycle stands additional required. Operational:Theagainst the of operational parking will be assessed level criteria: following • unsocial hours worked; • disabled drivers; for provision • other land use. essential needs integral to the Resident: anticipated demand Parking to cater for Visitor: certain be justified for types of C2 use. visitor parking may Some on its merits. will be considered Each application size. and vehicle accumulation maximum space to cater for Off-street Traffic be discussed with the Council’s must Suitable arrangements stage. at the pre-application Team Management Central London Area:Central London required. not normally Rest of Borough: curtilage parking within the of the off-street demand. site to cater for be acceptable, loading may On-street depending on site on the highway.constraints and conditions Suitable Traffic be discussed with the Council’s must arrangements stage. at the pre-application Team Management Cycles Service vehicles Cycles C2 Residential institutions TypeVehicle Standard Cars/Vans Cars/vans Service vehicles Sui generis hostels Sui generis TypeVehicle Standard London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS C3 Residential development (dwelling houses)
Vehicle Type Standard
Cars In the Central London Area, provision should be made at between 0.5 and 1 space per unit. A lower provision may be acceptable where the development is for a type of housing characterised by low car ownership, or where it is not physically practical to apply the minimum standard. In the rest of the Borough, a minimum of 0.7 spaces per unit should be provided for dwellings with one bedroom, and 1 space per unit for dwellings with 2 or more bedrooms. A provision as low as 50% of this may be acceptable and, in considering a lowering standard, the Council will take into account the following factors: • whether the development proposes a type of housing which is characterised by low car ownership; • whether the site’s level of public transport accessibility is high; and • whether the proposal is in an area with heavily parked streets (identified in Appendix TR4). For wheelchair accessible housing, a minimum of 1 space per unit should be provided. For sheltered housing, a minimum of 1 space per 4 units should be provided, with additional visitor parking at the rate of 1 space per 10 units. Special needs housing will be considered under the parking standards for sui generis Hostels or C2 Residential Institutions, depending on the particular type of special need housing proposed.
Cycles One communal cycle space per 20 units or part thereof should be provided and individual dwellings should be designed to incorporate bicycle storage space.
446 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 447 2 2 GFA. GFA. 2 2 GFA GFA. 2 2 GFA. Rest of Borough: of 1 space per 600-1,000m maximum Any parking provision should be kept to the operational should be kept parking provision Any minimum. parking is provided, Where at least one space should and at least 5% of any disabled drivers use by be designed for such use. spaces shall be designed and designated for additional GFA. Rest of Borough: 600-1,000m of 1 space per maximum Any parking provision should be kept to the operational should be kept parking provision Any minimum. parking is provided, Where at least one space should and at least 5% of any disabled drivers by use be designed for such use. spaces shall be designed and designated for additional Central London Area:Central London of 1 space per 1,000-1,500m maximum the maximum to cater for Sufficient space should be provided and size of serviceexpected accumulation vehicles. of 1 cycle space per 300m Minimum Central London Area:Central London of 1 space per 1,000-1,500m maximum the maximum cater for to Sufficient space should be provided and size of serviceexpected accumulation vehicles. of 1 cycle space per 700m Minimum Cycles Cars Service vehicles Cycles and leisure Assembly D2 TypeVehicle Standard Cars Service vehicles D1 Non-residential institutions D1 Non-residential TypeVehicle Standard London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 17 Proposals schedules 17 PROPOSALS SCHEDULE
1 Introduction 451
2 Land Use Proposals 451 LU1 Land Use Proposals 452
3 Transport proposals 453
Schedules Schedule of Land Use Proposals 454 Schedule of Transport Proposals 462
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 449 17 PROPOSALS SCHEDULE 451 on uses which the Council wishes to see established on major development sites within the Borough. of each site, In respect the schedule identifies: • location; • size; • ownership; • use(s); preferred and • planning history. constraints and relevant known the situation at the time of publication. schedule reflects in the Information to be significant in an inner urban context.considered this below Several been included because of their strategic importance. have threshold The list of sites.schedule is not an exhaustive that proposals development Any on sites not included in the schedule will be considered for received are their merits, in the light of UDP policies. and, possible, where opportunities (giving due development identify new constraints). consideration to development appropriate, Where the (and consult on) planning briefs.Council will prepare All development standards. policies and development the Plan’s decisions will be guided by 4. Appendix EN3 of chapter in given information Proposals), Map. on the Proposals shown are all proposals addition, In the in Camden and a list of congested underground schedule of classified roads 5. TR3 in chapter TR6 and in appendices given stations are measurements. London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 17.6 sites is 500sqm and above, for The threshold those sites representing 17.5 clear guidance is intended to provide The Schedule of Land Use Proposals 2 Land use proposals 17.2 with further Map on the Proposals shown are Designated open spaces 17.3Transport With the exception of some transport schemes (see Schedule of 17.4 guidance only, for given are Site areas as definitive should not be taken they 17.1 schedules, monitor and update the proposal The Council will continually 17 schedules Proposals 1 Introduction 17 PROPOSALS SCHEDULE 17.7 Where a site is considered to be particularly suitable for light industry (Class B1c), this has been indicated (*) on the Schedule. For sites within Archaeological Priority Areas see policies EN41 and EN42 in chapter 4. Sites identified in the Proposals Schedule are also designated on the Proposals Map.
17.8 A number of sites in the Schedule are designated for residential use or mixed use including residential. Reference should be made to policies HG5 and HG11 in chapter 6. These policies seek the provision of affordable housing on appropriate sites.
LU1 Suitable sites for particular development needs of the Borough are identified as such in the Schedule of Land Use Proposals and shown on the Proposals Map. In determining applications for planning permission on these sites, the Council will have regard to the allocations and proposals in the Schedules, and may refuse permission for schemes which do not contain the specified use or uses. Any proposals for these, or for other sites listed separately in the Schedule where more general guidance is given as to the form development may take, whether or not they include alternative or additional uses, will also be considered having regard to UDP policies and standards, and in the light of any other material planning considerations, including current planning briefs or position statements.
17.9 Planning briefs, position statements and other statements indicating the Council’s preferred uses for the development or redevelopment of sites and premises are important material consideration to be taken into account in determining applications for planning permission. They will tend to have more weight if they have been subject to public consultation.
17.10 The Proposals Schedules relate to sites or areas within the Borough where there are current proposals (for example, for rail safeguarding) or, in the case of the Schedule of Land Use Proposals, to sites which are essential to fulfilling the Plan’s strategy, or which need to be brought forward in the form of clear allocations to meet identified development needs or which the Council wishes to target for urgent treatment within the lifetime of the UDP. A separate schedule has been prepared giving guidance on preferred uses for individual sites where development opportunities are anticipated over the Plan period. An example would include the identification of B1 (business use) sites that are considered particularly suitable for B1c (light industry). In some cases, the term “mixed use” has been used. Where the appropriate mix of uses has not been defined, the Council would normally seek the inclusion of priority residential uses (within Class C2 or C3) or supporting services such as social and community uses and open space within any proposals for redevelopment. Although the identified uses are an expression of the uses the Council would like to see developed on a particular site, they generally reflect policies and standards contained in the Plan, allowing consideration, where appropriate, of any other material considerations. In many instances, therefore, proposals that are not in accordance with the preferred uses may be subject to refusal on policy grounds.
452 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 17 PROPOSALS SCHEDULE 453 affecting the Borough over the next ten years. over the Borough affecting a significant Each could have patterns and location of activities. on travel effect Some will have and land use impact.substantial environmental The Schedule does not listed in of traffic management schemes which are contain all programmes the Local Implementation Plan with Plan (to become Transport the Interim Authority). London the setting up of the Greater development process by providing clear guidance on the interpretation of interpretation guidance on the clear providing by process development to a particular relate site. as they policies and standards Part of this identifying constraints and opportunities includes and setting out process a satisfactory necessary considered guidance on what is to achieve of the site.development the status of to have considered Planning are briefs supplementary guidance. planning further intended to provide are They sites of key development on the community and the guidance to developers potential development a site’s to gauge developers and enable prospective accurately.more to in order be prepared Planning briefs will occasionally buildings, sites and of under-used in the regeneration interest stimulate ownership. the Council’s including sites within A list of sites with current or intention to prepare it is the Council’s where planning briefs or sites in Supplementary briefs is given Planning Guidance.review The Council will such briefs in consultation with the local community.prepare In addition, and practicable) to reasonable the Council is committed (so far as is consulting landowners, other parties and adjoining owner/occupiers with an planning briefs. when preparing known) the land (where in interest London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 17.12 contains major transport proposals Proposals Transport The Schedule of 3proposals Transport 17.11 circumstances, In appropriate to assist the be produced planning briefs may 454
London Borough of Camden Unitary DevelopmentLondon Borough of Camden Unitary Plan Schedule of Land Use Proposals: Designated Sites
Site Address Site Current Use Designated use Ownership Comment No area (sqm)
1 Whittington Hospital, 17,482 Ancillary hospital use Residential Public Highgate Villag Highgate Wing, Planning perm Dartmouth Park Hill 06/09/00 (ref: signed.
2 107-119 Hampstead Road 1,002 Part vacant site, some Residential Private 111-113 Ham remaining units occupied by 17/04/98 (exte retail & residential uses. to redevelop t comprising A1 granted on 23 scheme.
3 Hawley Wharf, 4,676 Weekend market, B1 Mixed use with Public Regent’s Cana off Haven Street residential, B1(*) Regent’s Cana and retail permission (re for retention boundary & ex brief being pre
4 56 Hemstal Road 607 Temporary demountable Residential LB Camden Permission gra housing buildings to re Archaeologica Regent’s Cana Regent’s adopted 9/2/9 A3 on east of accommodati Character. Camden Town B a mixed for of loss of emp hospital redev Road, Gower and Tottenham hou affordable identifies this amount of aff will be 25% o ele residential surplus sites i surplus sites a Guidance Site housing) fun to provide Carlow Street Carlow 10-11 Lyme Street and Street 10-11 Lyme College Street 181 Royal and residential (PE9900614) Jamestown Road Jamestown Huntley StreetHuntley (part affordable( of a package 8 Bakery Site, Carlow 722 building Derelict B1, B1(*) PrivateTown Camden 7Yard, Lawford’s 1,747 yard Builder’s use, Mixed with B1(*) Private Planning perm 6Wharf, Suffolk 3,854 Depot/storage use with B1(*) Mixed Private Cana Regent’s 5 UCLH Obstetrics Site, 2,177 Hospital Residential PrivateT Surplus NHS
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 455 456
London Borough of Camden Unitary DevelopmentLondon Borough of Camden Unitary Plan 9 202-212 Regents 7,131 Car park Mixed use servicing Public Camden Town Park Road and residential Revised plann (Roundhouse car park) Also see site
10 187-199 West End Lane 9,420 B2, retail B2, retail Public
11 146-152 West End Lane 2,841 Vacant offices, B1(*), B2, Railtrack and flooring company & workshops Effective Properties car parking Limited other uses in 4/3/9 allowed on 2 floors. C of the Plaza C redevelopmen B1 and C3 is Cana Regent’s building. Plan 1999. June redevelopmen space) and D approval. residential, and retail B1(*) workshopsTown Camden priority area. Chalk Farm Road (Camden Lock Place Sidings)& Stanley workshops, B1(*) leisure, retail Cana Regent’s to granted pe bounded by Parkway,bounded by Arlington Road & St Inverness part vacant residential, retail, and B1(*) leisure Town Camden adopted 26/1 15 CF Road Chalk Farm 13,655 B1 and market use with Mixed Private/part publicTown Camden 14 CF Roundhouse, 2,461 uses/ events Leisure Leisure PrivateTown Camden 13 CF Camden High Street 2,509 use and Mixed use with Mixed PrivateTown Camden 12 CH Buck Street 1,648 Open market use with Mixed PrivateTown Camden SiteNo. Address Ward Use Area Current Site Guidance (sqm) Ownership Comment Schedule of Land Use Proposals: of Land Schedule Sites Guidance
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 457 (also see Site Area. granted in Ju u a mixed for and off-site r si agreement 2001. early for proposals m continuing school will b to Po regard permission re retail, B1(*) Road retail, commercial space, community, Endell Street / Endell Street College Crescent some vacant blocks (ref: 9 Annex, Cleveland Street,WC1 with ancillary officesCockpit Yard residential32 Betterton Street of a package arts centre, depot 20 SC 321-339 Finchley 5,869 Part vacant, residential, Residential, open LB Camden Planning Brie 19 PY Avenue/ Eton 3,118 and classrooms, Theatres Education Private Planning perm 18 BY Hospital, St Paul’s 1,255 Hospital Residential Private Archaeologic 16 BYHospital Middlesex 3,00317 Hospital (outpatients) HN uses with Mixed Depot,Yard Cockpit 1,435 Private Depot Surplus NHS / public Community LB Camden Retention of
458 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 10/11/94. Res Site C (Stukel PS990432/R2) agreement, pr building to B1 from Parliame from adjoins a cons building. The fro floor retail sho Reference description fo London Area) health service encour would health purpos C3 residential to Tottenham UDP policy fo improvement social and com residential, community,B1 and leisure Conservation Archaeologica post office operation in of uses may Place (Post office site) office site) Place (Post use office (Odeon Cinema Site) and residential portacabins on site and retail residential the principal c a package to p frontage development 23 BY HallTown Holborn 2,928 office building Vacant use with Mixed LB Camden on H Frontage 22 BF Way Grafton 2,238 Site cleared, use with Mixed PublicT Surplus NHS 21 HN Gough St/ Phoenix 11,729 Car park and post use with Mixed Public to In addition
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 459 460
London Borough of Camden Unitary DevelopmentLondon Borough of Camden Unitary Plan erection of B Site B (Stukel
24 CF 34-36 Jamestown 1,166 Temporary auction Mixed use Private Camden Town Road room Character. Pe subject to sign
25 CH Dunn’s Site: 1,446 Vacant building Mixed use with Private Permission gr 106-110 Kentish Town residential and B1(*) ground and ba Road, 335-341 Royal from warehou College Street for B1 headqu (PE9901045)
26 GO 14 Lismore Circus 443 Vacant land, previously Residential LB Camden Gospel Oak C Community Tree Nursery
27 BY The Royal Mail 3,964 Vacant office building Mixed use with Planning perm Sorting Office, residential, B1 and PS9704327R3 21-31 New Oxford St. retail including mus hotel and fitn
28 ST Phoenix Road, 9,826 Temporary office Mixed use with Public Area of Com British library accommodation residential, leisure, surplus site B1
29 HT St Stephens Church, 3,787 Vacant church & church Community Private Hampstead Vi Pond Street hall in educational use Grade I listed church hall. St Pancras Co area surplus to requirements; part D1 (doctors surgery). subject to sign (ref: PEX0000 development Lands occupied, use mixed residential Cana Regent’s TerraceTottenham44-50 Street,WC1 (C2), temporary housing C3 if existing C2 is (land to the rear) offices with educational predominantly use use community o granting for residential to p a package site 3) Charlo Also Schedule 33 CN Railway Kings Cross 537,015 Part vacant, part use, Mixed including Private, public 1 See chapter 31 BY Arthur House Stanley 1,05832 Hospital with ancillary WE use, Mixed 160 Mill Lane Private 1,872 and Educational T Surplus NHS Education LB Camden s Site used by 30 AE 32 St. Edmunds 1,108 home children’s Vacant Residential, C2, or Private Planning Brief
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 461 take this scheme forw take scheme forward. of the CTRL works a of the CTRL works restricting commuter parking and giving commuter restricting priority to residents. of Camden based on need, and su through London, through including an underground to Paddington. Street Liverpool section from Ltd Underground Act draft O Works and Authori Strategic Rail with stations at Tottenham Court Road Tottenham with stations at Cross.and King’s LtdWorks and Transport will decid London for deep level tubes,deep level and expanded and new halls/subways.ticket hall/concourse and lin 2000.T The Northern LUL Station and Lines & Circle Metropolitan between Ltd Line, Metropolitan en T4* Line Chelsea-Hackney line underground Construction of new London Underground in orders Safeguarding T3 Parking Zones Controlled in congested areas, parking regulate To London Borough of selecte Programme T2* Cross King’s interchange Construction of new London Underground W Construction of the Scheme No. / Description Location T1* Scheme Outline CrossRail Promoter railway east-west Construction of a new Railtrack/London in orders Safeguarding Comments Schedule of Transport Proposals Transport of Schedule Map on the Proposals shown are * Indicates schemes which
462 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan approved, w works the Detailed designs have programm are works Access Roads. The sc Distributors and Bou of Camden of Camden management measure to the definition given in policy TR20 in policy to the definition given 5.in chapter of Camden Distributo b) London subd Local Roads are bus lanes and priority for buses at signals. for bus lanes and priority of Camden bus priority network Euston Road. at St Panc The works (serving King’s Cross,(serving King’s Hampstead & West Town) Kentish trains to connect with service new from Road station. Midland Highways Terminus and widening of Way York and Way Rail Link Undertaker 1996. A public inquiry will detailed approval to St Pancras.Tunnel Channel Works and Transport Undertaker Parliamentary approv T10 Road Hierarchy according hierarchy Changes to road London Borough has t Road Hierarchy T8* St Pancras CTRL T9* Re-alignment of Pancras Road, Goods Tunnel Channel CTRL Nominated highways Line of new high-speed link from New CTRL Nominated has been s The route T7* 2000 Thameslink Thameslink to enable in capacity Increase Railtrack station at Midlan New T5 T6 London Cycle Network of cycle facilities. Provision London Bus Priority including measures Various Network London Borough London Borough Implementation to be pro reviewed Annually
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 463 Borough Distributor Borough Distributor Borough Distributor Borough London Distributor Strategic (GLA) London Distributor Strategic (GLA) London Distributor Distributor Borough London Distributor Strategic (GLA) Borough Distributor Distributor Borough Strategic (GLA) Strategic (GLA) Borough Distributor Distributor Borough (north of Parkway) (north of Parkway) (south of Parkway) (Chalk Farm Road to Hawley Road) (Chalk Farm (Fitzjohn’s Avenue to FinchleyAvenue Road) (Fitzjohn’s (east side) (north of Camden Rd) (south of Camden Rd) (east of Avenue Rd) Avenue (east of (Avenue Rd to Finchley(Avenue Rd) (north St) of Pratt (north of Hendon Way) Way) (north of Hendon (remainder) (Finchley Rd to Adelaide Rd) (Finchley Rd to (Hillgrove Road to Abbey Road) Road to (Hillgrove (Belsize Road to Quex Road) Road to Quex Road) (Belsize Bedford Square Square Bedford Belsize Road Bloomsbury Street Bloomsbury Way Road Brecknock Camden High Street Camden High Street Camden Road Camden Street Camden Street Road Castlehaven Distributor Borough Chalk Farm Road Road Charing Cross Borough Distributor Road Clerkenwell Distributor Borough College Crescent Broadway Cricklewood Road Crowndale Strategic (GLA) Street Delancey Street Drake Euston Road Street Eversholt Distributor London Distributor Borough Road Farringdon Distributor Borough Road Finchley London Distributor Road Finchley Avenue Fitzjohns Fortess Road Distributor Borough Distributor Borough Distributor Borough Strategic (GLA) Distributor Borough Strategic (GLA) Distributor Borough London Distributor Andrew Borde Street Street Borde Andrew Road Avenue Street Bayham Distributor Borough Adelaide Road Road (section of road) Road (section of road) Road Abbey Acton Street Adelaide Road UDP Classification (GLA) Strategic
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development Transport proposal T10:Road proposal hierarchy Transport
17 PROPOSALS SCHEDULE 464 17 PROPOSALS SCHEDULE 465 Strategic (GLA) London Distributor London Distributor Distributor Borough Strategic (GLA) Distributor Borough Strategic (GLA) Borough Distributor Distributor Borough Borough Distributor Distributor Borough Distributor Borough (south side) (Delancy St to Prince Albert(Delancy Rd) St to Prince (Acton St to Euston Rd) (Acton St to Euston Rd) (south of Acton St) Acton (south of (south side) (Castlehaven Road to Kentish Town Road) Town (Castlehaven Road to Kentish (north of Hampstead High St) (south of Hampstead High St) (Gower St to Tottenham Court Rd) Tottenham St to (Gower (Bayham Street to Camden High Street) (Bayham Street Haverstock Hill Haverstock Road Hawley Heath Street Heath Street Way Hendon High Holborn Highgate High Street Highgate Hill Road Hilgrove Holborn London Distributor Road Town Kentish Kilburn High Road Bridge Cross King’s Cross King’s (GLA) Strategic Kingsway Distributor Borough Distributor Borough Lidlington Place Vale Maida Street Oxford New Distributor Borough Distributor Borough Way North End London Distributor Square Oakley London Distributor Distributor Borough Pancras Road London Distributor Parkway Road Pentonville Pratt Street Road Strategic (GLA) Albert Road Prince Strategic (GLA) Distributor Borough Street Procter Distributor Borough Quex Road London Distributor London Distributor Distributor Borough Strategic (GLA) Distributor Borough Distributor Borough Distributor Borough Distributor Borough Hampstead High Street Hampstead High Street Hampstead Lane Hampstead Road Square Harrington London Distributor Distributor Borough (GLA) Strategic Gray’s Inn Road Gray’s Goods Way Way Goods Street Gower Grafton Way Inn Road Gray’s Distributor Borough Distributor Borough Gloucester Gate Gloucester London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development 17 PROPOSALS SCHEDULE Red Lion Square (west side) Borough Distributor Rosebery Avenue Borough Distributor Rosslyn Hill London Distributor Royal College Street Borough Distributor Russell Square Borough Distributor Shaftesbury Avenue Borough Distributor Shoot-up-Hill London Distributor Southampton Place Borough Distributor Southampton Row Borough Distributor Spaniards Road Borough Distributor St. Giles High Street Borough Distributor St. Pancras Way Borough Distributor Swinton Street Strategic (GLA) Tavistock Square (east side) Borough Distributor Theobalds Road Borough Distributor Tottenham Court Road Borough Distributor Upper Woburn Place Borough Distributor Vernon Place Borough Distributor Woburn Place Borough Distributor Yo r k Way (Euston Road to Wharfdale Road) London Distributor Yo r k Way (north of Wharfdale Road) Borough Distributor
466 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan GLOSSARY,REFERENCES AND INDICES 469 Guidance and CircularsDocuments 485 486 General index 496 GlossaryReferences of partIndex 2 policies 471 485 489 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development Glossary, Indices and References GLOSSARY,REFERENCES AND INDICES 471 Areas characterised by concentrations characterised by Areas Areas with known archaeological potential archaeological with known Areas A nationwide sample survey of employers with of employers A nationwide sample survey Areas which make a unique contribution to the which make Areas A building or facility and its wider environment A building or facility Transport services designed and and vehicles Transport Woodlands which have been in existence since at least been which have Woodlands A range of both subsidised and market housing A range of both subsidised and market A use subsidiary main use of a building and connected to the Ability of people and / or goods and services and / or goods Ability of people and places to reach A positive element or elements which contribute to the overall A positive Accessibility: and facilities. Accessible development: of deprivation, conditions and strong poor environmental relatively development. commercial for pressures been designated in the have They neighbourhoods, Plan with the intention of securing them as residential of conditions and ensuring the provision environmental seeking improved services and social, and improved additional facilities. and leisure community of Special Character:Areas within and environment and variety of the townscape attractiveness London as a whole, been designated in the Plan to assist in the have which preservation of their special character. which can be reached and used,which can be reached in particularpeople with disabilities. by Accessible transport: disabilities and other transport people with by operated to be usable disadvantaged people, including affordable with characteristics possibly fares, of trip end. wheelchair user accessibility and easy reach housing: Affordable them the opportunity deny to those whose incomes generally designed for of the local as a result housing on the open market or rent purchase price. income and market between relationship Amenity: character of an area, land, example open for trees, historic buildings and the elements in the environment. all between inter-relationship Ancient woodlands: not which were trees Ages and which contain stands of mature the Middle planted. obviously Ancillary use: or piece of land, a factory. such as storage floorspace within Survey: Employment Annual and changes in employment. that monitors trends Areas: Priority Archaeological applied. be strictly policies will normally archaeology the Council’s where Regeneration: Community for Areas London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development Glossary GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND INDICES GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND Areas of Special Advertisement Control: Areas within which the display of advertisements is generally subject to greater control than usually applies.
Article 4 direction: A power available under the 1995 Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) Order allowing the Council, in certain instances, to restrict permitted development rights.
At grade: On the same level as a road. For example, pedestrian crossing of a road at the same level (not a subway or a bridge).
Backdrop and Background Consultation Areas (BCA): Background Consultation Areas serve to protect the backdrop to the strategic views of St Paul’s Cathedral and the Palace of Westminster from unsuitable development which would reduce their visibility or damage their setting.
Backland development: Development of land-locked sites, such as rear gardens and private open space, usually within predominantly residential areas.
Borough roads: Roads for which the Council is the Highway Authority.
“Bring and bank” system: A recycling initiative. Householders bring their waste to collection points, sort it and “bank” it in material-specific collecting bins.
CAAC: see Conservation Area Advisory Committee.
Care in the community: This enables people in need of care, whether because of old age, disability, illness or other reasons, to continue to live in their own homes or in homely settings within the community.
Census of Population: A ten-yearly comprehensive nationwide survey of population and households.The latest census was conducted in April 1991.
Central London Area: The part of the Borough which lies within the historic central core of London, broadly defined at the area to the south of the main rail termini at Kings Cross, St Pancras and Euston.
Central London cordon: An imaginary ring around central London main rail termini, across which traffic is counted.
Civic amenities site: Waste disposal facility, where householders can leave domestic waste.
472 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan Community Transport: A range of voluntary sector, non profit-making INDICES GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND transport services designed to meet the needs of people who do not have access to private transport and for whom public transport is unsuitable.
Compulsory Purchase Order (CPO): An order which enables a statutory authority to purchase an area of land compulsorily for an approved project.
Conservation area: An area designated by the Council under the Town and Country Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 as possessing special architectural or historical interest.The Council will seek to preserve and enhance the character and appearance of these areas.
Conservation Area Advisory Committee (CAAC): PPG15 Planning and the Historic Environment (1994) asks local authorities to consider setting up conservation area advisory committees consisting mainly of people who are not members of the authority and to refer to them for advice on applications which would, in the opinion of the authority, affect the character or appearance of the conservation areas.
Contract parking: Access to parking is restricted and space is let out on the basis of period contracts (daily, weekly or longer).
Controlled Parking Zone (CPZ): An area in which all kerbside space is controlled by either waiting and loading restrictions or by designated parking spaces such as meter or resident bays.
Convenience goods: Goods bought on a regular basis which meet the day- to-day needs of local residents.
Conversions: The sub-division of residential properties into self-contained flats or maisonettes.
Curtilage: A small area forming part or parcel with the house or building which it contains or to which it is attached.
Desire lines: Imaginary straight lines between facilities or places which people would like (desire) to travel to and from.
Development: Development is defined under the Town and Country Planning Act as “the carrying out of building, engineering, mining or other operation in, on, over or under land, or the making of any material change in the use of any building or other land.” Most forms of development require planning permission before they can be carried out.
Development control: The process through which the Council determines whether a proposal for development should be granted planning permission, taking into account the development plan and any other material considerations.
London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan 473 GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND INDICES GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND District Centres: Groups of shops and similar premises offering a range of convenience goods and services with some durable shopping of a more localised function than Major Centres and with a smaller catchment area.
Dual use: The use of facilities for more than one purpose or by more than one user group.
Durable goods: Goods bought infrequently, usually through comparison between different types of product, for example, furniture and electrical goods.
Dwelling: A self-contained residential unit, occupied by (i) a person or group of people living together as a family, or (ii) by not more than six residents living together as a single household (including a household where care is provided for residents).
Energy efficiency: The construction of buildings and their arrangement on sites so that the resources involved are minimised. This term can also refer to the operation of machines and engines such as the car. A result of energy efficiency should be a reduction in both demand for resources and damage to the environment due to energy generation and consumption.
Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs): The process by which information about the likely environmental effects of major projects is gathered, evaluated and taken into account by the local authority in considering whether or not planning permission should be granted.
Essential road users: Road users usually given priority consideration in traffic management programmes or traffic restraint measures.
Fascia: Part of the face of a building, where the shop or occupier’s name is usually displayed.
General Permitted Development Order: Identifies types of, usually minor, development for which planning permission is automatically granted and which therefore do not require a planning application to be submitted to the Council.
GLA roads: Roads for which Transport for London is the Highway Authority.
Greater London Authority (GLA): The strategic authority for London, made up of a directly elected Mayor and an Assembly. The GLA was formally inaugurated on 3 July 2000.
Green chains: The concept of green chains was introduced by LPAC. They are separate open spaces (public or private) which touch or are linked by
474 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan GLOSSARY,REFERENCES AND INDICES 475 A yearly document setting A yearly House or flat occupied by more House or flat occupied by See chapter 16. See chapter This initiative aims to improve health in target areas health in target aims to improve This initiative A non profit-making organisation registered with the organisation registered A non profit-making An authority responsible for a highway, for An authority responsible or not whether Green corridors are areas of linear open land, of areas are corridors Green that may All separate living rooms and bedrooms,All separate living rooms plus kitchens see Residential density. One person living alone or a group of people (who may or of people (who may One person living alone or a group out the Council’s strategy for tackling the Borough’s housing needs and strategy tackling the Borough’s for out the Council’s required. assessing the resources footpaths, boundaries, borough which cross access and characterised by are include valuable and which may recreation informal for the provision habitats.wildlife chains should of green that components advocated LPAC Open Land. be designated as Metropolitan corridors: Green be continuous, the built environment, through link sites of which may conservationnature interest. be narrow, may Corridors example, for a or line of trees,stream access. public not have and may and net site area: Gross Habitable rooms: or more. metres of 13 square with a floor area Bathrooms, toilets, cupboards, landings, halls, not included. are lobbies and recesses Health Action Zones: services. and modernising better integration of provision through The Action Zone (HAZ). Council is a partner in Camden and Islington Health tackling the inequalities by health health and reduce This aims to improve causes of ill health,underlying services and integrating and by improving the necessary infrastructure. developing Authority: Highway maintainable at public expense. Household: with common housekeeping, living at the same address not be related) may or sitting a common living or occupying sharing at least one meal a day room. House in Multiple Occupation (HMO): or other non self-contained than one household as bed-sitting rooms accommodation, some sharing of amenities, with usually such as bathrooms and / or toilets. (See definition of Register Social Landlord.) Housing Association: Housing Corporation whose purpose is the provision, construction, sale or rent. and / or management of houses for improvement Housing density: Programme: Housing Strategy and Investment London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND INDICES GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND Induction loop: A system of insulated cables laid in a room, auditorium etc., allowing a person using a hearing aid to pick up amplified sounds without extra distortion or background noise.
Infill schemes: Re-development of sites which have adjacent buildings (usually redevelopment of a plot that forms part of a terrace of buildings).
Integrated transport system: Networks of links (bus, rail, road etc.) rather than individual routes, connected in terms of physical access, ticketing, service frequency, timing and capacity.
Landmarks: A building which has become a point of reference because its height, siting, distinctive design or use sets it apart from surrounding buildings. Examples may include churches and other important civic buildings such as town halls.
Listed buildings: The Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport compiles a list of buildings of special architectural or historic interest for the guidance of local planning authorities in the exercise of their planning functions under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 and the Town and Country Planning Act 1990. Buildings are graded as follows: Grade I: Buildings of exceptional interest Grade II*: Particularly important buildings of more than special interest Grade II: Buildings of special interest.
Local Environmental Audits and Action Plans (LEAAPs): Regular surveys of selected areas of the Borough to record the physical state of the local environment. Co-ordination and implementation of intra-departmental measures to carry out repairs and improvements, following discussions with local residents and business people to ensure compatibility of priorities.
Local Nature Reserves (LNRs): Sites which offer special opportunities for people to see and learn about wildlife in natural surroundings. Local authorities have exclusive statutory powers to set up and manage LNRs under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949.
Local views: Views within the Borough considered to be of importance.
LPAC: The London Planning Advisory Committee, established by the Local Government Act 1985 as a statutory body advising the Secretary of State for the Environment and London boroughs on strategic planning and transport issues in London. All London boroughs and the City are represented on the Committee. (LPAC staff were absorbed into the Greater London Authority and the committee abolished on 1 April 2000.)
476 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan GLOSSARY,REFERENCES AND INDICES 477 Open land within the built-up area which Open land within the built-up area Organisation, partly the maintained by Residential accommodation provided Local shops providing for the day-to-day needs of the day-to-day for Local shops providing Any use which is out of character with the Any A London-wide network of waymarked walks of waymarked A London-wide network Dwellings which can easily be used by a person with a a person used by be which can easily Dwellings Open spaces in London which can be either public or Open spaces in London The largest retailing centres in the Borough offering the offering in the Borough centres The largest retailing Any use within a shopping centre not falling within the use within a shopping centre Any Provision of a mix of complementary uses,Provision such as say LRC (London Research Centre): Research LRC (London durable and comparison goods, widest range of shopping facilities (including of other goods), and a number stores large food point for acting as a focal of public transport accessibility. a high level and having the community Open Land (MOL): Metropolitan in the immediate catchment area. residents development: residential New London boroughs, support information wide-ranging regarding providing London. London Greater absorbed into the was formally The LRC 2000. Authority on 8 May London Squares: Act Preservation under the London Squares protected private and are 1931. to be of historic importance considered are of these squares Many of Heritage Register of Parks and Gardens listed in the English and are Historic Interest. Major Centres: the same significance and which receives has a wider than Borough belt. as the green against development presumption walks: Metropolitan and the Countryside Commission.These walks can pass LPAC by promoted chains or assist in their creation. green through uses: Mixed residential, uses, and leisure community on a site or within a particular area. Mobility housing: use a wheelchair.disability who does not regularly However, the dwelling a person using a wheelchair. be suitable to be visited by must that end, To entrance with bathroom/toilet, a level have normally would the dwelling and be of sufficient dimension to at entrance level kitchen and bedroom a person in a wheelchair. use by for allow Neighbourhood Centres: of a site, or redevelopment the development through as opposed to conversion,through etc. rehabilitation of existing properties. use: Non-conforming predominant use of an area,predominant as an industrial use in a primarily such area. residential use: Non-retail and Country Planning (Use Town A1 of the definition of a shop under Class 1987. Classes) Order London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND INDICES GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND Other green open land (OGOL): Undesignated urban green space which, though not formally categorised, still fulfils or is capable of fulfilling a limited recreational or non-recreational role as defined by LPAC (for example, amenity, ecological, social or cultural). This category includes other important areas of green space such as allotments, large gardens, backlands and rail embankments and verges not otherwise categorised.
Overdevelopment: An amount of development (that is, the quantity of building or intensity of use) that is excessive in terms of demands on the infrastructure and services and impact on local amenity and character.
Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest (GSHI): Parks and gardens containing historic features dating from 1939 or earlier and registered by English Heritage. These parks and gardens are graded I, II* or II in the same way as listed buildings.
People with disabilities: Any person who has a disability that substantially limits one or more life activities including, but not limited to, such functions as performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning and working. Physically disabled persons shall include, but not be limited to, persons who have an inability to walk or difficulty walking, hearing disabilities, lack of stamina, difficulty interpreting and reacting to sensory information and extremes in physical size.
Percent for Art: A national “public art” scheme promoted by the Arts Council to encourage developers in both the public and private sectors to set aside a proportion (1%) of their development costs to sponsor works of an artistic nature.
Permitted development: Minor types of development and certain changes between use classes which are automatically granted planning permission under the General Permitted Development Order and for which no planning application need thus be submitted.
Planning benefits: see Planning obligations.
Planning brief: A statement regarding the Council’s views on the opportunities and constraints for the development of a particular site, intended to guide potential developers.
Planning obligations: An agreement under section 106 of the Town and Country Planning Act entered into regarding the use or development of land. An obligation can either be made by agreement between the local planning authority and a developer, or by a unilateral undertaking by the developer. Obligations may be used to enhance development proposals. (See definition of Section 106 agreement.)
478 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan GLOSSARY,REFERENCES AND INDICES 479 Parking ancillary to a non residential The ability to reach places and facilities by The ability to reach The retail heart shopping pitches or central The retail Parking where any member of the public can park any Parking where Red routes involve a comprehensive package of a comprehensive involve Red routes Formal approval by the Council, by approval Formal conditions, often with Open space which is usually privately owned and is not owned privately Open space which is usually Open space, owned, publicly usually which is accessible A plan, map, Survey based on an Ordnance policies showing Services provided for general public consumption including for Services provided Health care provision at local level, provision Health care doctors, by mainly The re-use of materials,The re-use such as metals, glass and plastics, which Planning permission: to proceed.development a proposed allowing usually are Full permissions years; five valid for outline permissions, for reserved details are where subsequent approval, years. three valid for are Primary care: services. centre dentists and local health Primary Frontages: Shopping within centres,uses predominate. retail where Priority (Red) Routes: traffic conditions on a designed to improve traffic management measures Borough and Trunk main of London’s network 315 mile (504 kilometre) roads. parking: Private non-residential the development. to users and visitors to only and available development Private open space: members of the public. accessible by usually Some private open spaces are of access. some form allowing subject to access agreements These are 4. in chapter indicated in the open spaces schedules Map: Proposals the Borough, for and proposals to be included in the which is required 1990. Act and Country Planning Town section 12 of the UDP by parking: Public off-street without notice, charging structure. with an hourly usually Public open space: to members of the public.These space schedules indicated in the open are 4. in Chapter Public transport accessibility: public transport. Public utilities: statutory by (see definition below). undertakers those provided Emergency services such as ambulance, utility services. also public and police are fire Recycling: away. otherwise be thrown would is to reduce The purpose of recycling waste, and the cost of disposal. the depletion of finite natural resources London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND INDICES GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND Registered Social Landlord (RSL): A housing association or a not-for-profit company registered by the Housing Corporation to provide social housing.
Renewable energy: Energy from a source which is not depleted as a result, such as wave, tidal, wind or solar power.
Residential density: A measure of the intensity of the use of housing land. Calculated on the basis of the number of habitable rooms per hectare.
Resource conservation: The use of materials and products which have been recycled or obtained from a sustainable source. Energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy can also contribute to resource conservation.
Retail use: Any use falling within the definition of a shop under Class A1 of the Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) Order 1987.
Right of way: A way over which someone has the legal right to pass, acquired either by grant or long usage.
Road capacity: The maximum rate that traffic can pass along a road within a particular set of conditions.
Road hierarchy: Categorisation of roads by function and intended traffic management treatment.
Safeguarding (rail): A direction issued by the Secretary of State for the Environment,Transport and the Regions defining a zone for the proposed construction of a railway, within which the rail proposal is a material consideration in determining planning applications.
Safeguarding (road): An order by a Highway Authority to define the limits of a proposed widened or new highway, within which the proposal is a material consideration in determining planning applications.
Secondary Shopping Frontages: Areas which lie outside the Primary Shopping Frontage in Major and District Centres, where a more flexible policy on changes of use from Class A1 to non-retail uses applies.
Section 106 agreement: A binding agreement between the Council and a developer on the occasion of a granting of planning permission regarding matters linked to the proposed development (see definition of planning obligations).
Serplan: The London and South East Regional Planning Conference, set up and maintained by local authorities in London and the rest of the South East, with the role of monitoring regional planning and transport trends and
480 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan GLOSSARY,REFERENCES AND INDICES 481 Formerly issued by Formerly Sites designated by the London Sites designated by Sites of particular their value for Formerly issued by LPAC and intended to LPAC issued by Formerly Organisations defined under Section 262 of the Housing aimed at meeting the particular needs, in The Council has developed a classification of shopping a classification The Council has developed Housing designed to meet the needs of the elderly, Housing designed to A disparity between the skills possessed by the locally the skills possessed by A disparity between inform the Secretary of State for the Environment on those strategic issues on those strategic the Secretary the Environment inform of State for in strategic guidance. should be covered agreed which London boroughs Authorities: London Planning Strategic Guidance for those strategic and covering the Secretary the Environment of State for their to in preparing regard have must issues which London boroughs Plans.Unitary Development of London’s the Mayor by Will be replaced spatial strategy. issuing policy guidance to member authorities and the Secretary authorities and guidance to member issuing policy of State and the Regions the Environment,Transport for housing: Sheltered supportincluding a range of services, system, such as an emergency alarm warden. facilities and a resident communal Shopping hierarchy: play. they to the role according within the Borough centres four are There categories: Centres, Major District Centres, and Neighbourhood Centres shops. local parades / individual ConservationSites of Nature Importance: and ecological value, significant wildlife Ecology Unit as having and graded importance. local to metropolitan ranging from to a hierarchy according (SSSIs): Sites of Special Scientific Interest flora, fauna, features,physiographical or geological or the Nature notified by Act CountrysideAccess to the and Wildlife Conservancy Council under the 1981. Skills mismatch: local employers. sought by and those workforce resident Special needs housing: terms of size and type, experience who may of those individuals and groups particular difficulties in finding accommodation. Such housing can include an element of care,accommodation which provides the for that adapted students. for and provision disabilities and people with physical elderly It of residential and all forms includes a range of sui generis hostel provision within Use Class C2. care accommodation which provide Statutory undertakers: Act 1990, and Country Planning including gas,Town electricity, water and suppliers,sewerage authorised to as those organisations legally as well carry on road, rail and water transport undertakings. London: Strategic advice for London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND INDICES GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND Strategic/historic views: 10 views of St Paul’s Cathedral and the Palace of Westminster, crossing borough boundaries, which have been identified in RPG3 Strategic Guidance for London Planning Authorities (1996) as warranting protection from intrusive development because of their historical importance.
Street furniture: All structures in, and adjacent to, the highway which contribute to the street scene, such as bus shelters, seating, lighting and signage.
Sui generis: A use which does not fall into any of the categories defined within the Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) Order 1987 (as amended), such as theatres and motor vehicle showrooms.
Superstore: Self-service retail store with a sales floorspace of at least 2,500 square metres and with car parking usually provided.
Supplementary Planning Guidance: Additional advice, provided by the Council, on particular topic or policy areas, and related to and expanding upon statutory policies, for example, guidance on the design of roof extensions in a specific locality.
Sustainable development/sustainability: Defined by the Brundtland Commission (1987) as:“development which meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to achieve their own needs and aspirations”.The World Conservation Union (1991) definition is also useful:“improving the quality of life while living within the carrying capacity of supporting ecosystems.”
Town centre management: A scheme where a manager is appointed to improve the links between public and private sector initiatives in a town centre.Town centre management strategies can then be developed which bring forward such initiatives as environmental improvements, street cleaning, recreation and entertainment services, crime prevention, improved pedestrian environment etc..
Traffic calming: Traffic management measures specifically designed to reduce vehicular speed along routes or through areas. Usually associated with improving the local environment and reducing road accidents.
Traffic management: The process of adjusting or adapting the use of a highway to meet specified objectives without resorting to substantial new road construction.
Traffic restraint: Discouraging the use of road vehicles at certain times and / or in certain areas, for example through parking restrictions, road pricing or area licences.
482 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan GLOSSARY,REFERENCES AND INDICES 483 The development plan providing the land plan providing The development Made under the Town and Country Town Made under the People for whom suitable transport whom for is People Food and drink:Food sold and consumed or drink is food where consumption is sold for hot food or where on the premises off the premises. Business uses. A2; Offices other than one falling within Class and processes; of products and development Research Light industry, that is, which can be carried industrial process without detriment to amenity area out in a residential noise,through vibration, smell, fumes, smoke, soot,or grit. ash, dust General industrial uses, other than one falling within Class B1. Storage and distribution. Shops services (except health and medical Financial or professional services), and to a shopping area use is appropriate the where aimed at visiting is mainly service the where provided members of the public. example, For banks and estate agents. The Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) Order Town The The planting and management of trees in the urban The planting and management of trees B1a B1b B1c Class B2 Class B8 Class A3 Class B1 1987 (as amended) lists 11 classes of use. within the same A change of use does not require and therefore class does not constitute development planning permission. The most common classes include: Class A1 Class A2 use planning policy framework for the control of development across the across of development the control for framework use planning policy Borough,entire taking into account, necessary, where relevant any economic, social and other considerations. Urban forestry: amenity, for environment and economic benefits, recreational as as well habitats, wildlife providing the improving ameliorating air quality and microclimate. Use Classes Order: Transport disadvantaged people: disadvantaged Transport of trees the local planning authority to protect Act 1990 by Planning importance amenity, for conservation. and nature landscape Plan (UDP): Unitary Development frequently not available or accessible, not available frequently as people with disabilities, such people at night. and women children with young (TPO): Preservation Order Tree London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND INDICES GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND Class C1 Hotels, boarding and guest houses where, in each case, no significant element of care is provided.
Class C2 Residential institutions (other than those falling within Class C3) providing residential accommodation and care for people in need of care, or use as a hospital or nursing home, a residential school, college or training centre.
Class C3 Dwelling houses with either a single person or people living together as a family; or not more than six people living as a single household (including a household where care is provided for residents).
Class D1 Non residential institutions, including places of worship, public halls, crèches, health centres and museums.
Class D2 Assembly and leisure uses, including cinemas, concert and sports halls and bingo halls.
Viewing Corridors / View Points: A precise viewpoint has been identified for each strategic view. From each viewpoint, a wedge-shaped viewing corridor extends to a maximum width at either St Paul’s Cathedral or the Palace of Westminster, as appropriate.
Waste transfer site: An area-wide collection point. Waste is then transferred for disposal.
Wheelchair housing: Dwellings built to a standard that would allow people using wheelchairs full access to, and use of, the entire house or flat.To that end, the dwelling would normally have adjacent parking, a level entrance, adequate circulation space, all rooms designed for easy access and use by people who use wheelchairs, and full access to, and use of, all levels of the building.
Wider Setting Consultation Area: Many of the viewpoints for strategic views are within wider viewing areas from which St Paul’s Cathedral or the Palace of Westminster may be seen. In order to afford these viewing areas some protection from intrusive development,Wider Setting Consultation Areas have been defined for eight of the views.
Workplace nursery: A nursery provided and usually subsidised by an employer, providing care throughout the working day for children of employees.
World City: Defined by LPAC’s World City Project (1990) as those cities which are centres of government, finance and business, culture and learning, national and international transport, telecommunications and the media. London competes with other World Cities in these fields.
484 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan GLOSSARY,REFERENCES AND INDICES 485 Guidance and Circulars Guidance and Guidance Note 1:Planning Policy (1997) and Principles General Policy Guidance Note 3:Planning Policy Housing (1992) Guidance Note 4:Planning Policy Development Industrial and Commercial and Small Firms (1992) Retail Developments and Centres Guidance Note 6:Town Planning Policy (1996) (1992) Guidance Note 8:Telecommunications Planning Policy Guidance Note 9:Planning Policy Conservation Nature (1994) Guidance Note 10: Management (1999) Planning Policy Waste Planning and Guidance Note 12:Planning Policy (1999) Plans Development (1994) Guidance Note 13:Transport Planning Policy Guidance Note 14:Planning Policy Land (1990) on Unstable Development Guidance Note 15:Planning Policy Planning and the Historic Environment (1994) Guidance Note 16:ArchaeologyPlanning Policy and Planning (1990) Guidance Note 17:Planning Policy Sport (1991) and Recreation Guidance Note 19:Planning Policy (1992) Control Advertisement Outdoor (1992) Guidance Note 21:Tourism Planning Policy Guidance Note 22:Planning Policy Energy Renewable (1993) Guidance Note 23:Planning Policy (1994) Control Planning and Pollution Guidance Note 24:Planning Policy Planning and Noise (1994) Regional Planning Guidance Note 3: London Planning Strategic Guidance for Authorities (1996) Regional Planning Guidance Note 9: the Regional Planning Guidance for South East (1994) A:Annex Regional Planning Guidance Note 3 Supplementary Guidance for (1991) Views of Strategic London on the Protection References London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND INDICES GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND Minerals Planning Guidance Note 6: Guidelines for Aggregates Provision in England and Wales (1994)
The Building Regulations Part M:Access and Facilities for Disabled People (1998)
Circular 8/87 Historic Buildings and Conservation Areas
Circular 27/87 Nature Conservation
Circular 11/92 Planning Controls for Hazardous Substances
Circular 1/94 Gypsy Sites and Planning
Circular 5/94 Planning Out Crime
Circular 18/94 Gypsy Sites and Unauthorised Camping
Circular 11/95 Use of Conditions in Planning Permissions
Circular 1/97 Planning Obligations
Circular 6/98 Planning and Affordable Housing
Documents
Audit Commission; Housing the Homeless:The Local Authority Role (1989)
Audit Commission; Developing Local Authority Housing Strategies (1992)
Building Research Establishment; Site Layout Planning for Daylight and Sunlight:A Guide to Good Practice (1991)
Camden and Islington Family Health Services Committee; Surveys of General Practitioners Premises in Bloomsbury and Hampstead (1990)
Department of Employment; 1993 Census of Employment
Department of the Environment;This Common Inheritance White Paper Cm 1200 (1990)
Department of the Environment; Management Guide on Houses in Multiple Occupation (1992)
Department of Employment; Sustainable Development:The UK Strategy (1994)
Department of the Environment,Transport and the Regions; Digest of Environmental Statistics 1998 (1999)
486 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan GLOSSARY,REFERENCES AND INDICES 487 Department of the Environment,Transport and the Regions; and the Department Environment,Transport of the Deal A New Transport: (1998) Everyone for Better for and the Regions;Department of the Environment,Transport A Better Quality of Life:A UK (1999) in the Strategy Sustainable Development for and the Regions;DepartmentWith of the Environment,Transport Way A (1999) Wales And Strategy England for Waste Waste:A Draft English Heritage;The Buildings: Repair of Historic and Advice on Principles Methods (1995) Association; Transport Freight (1983) Deliveries Designing for Council; London Greater Plan (1976) London Development Greater of Camden); London Borough (for Centre London Research Camden (1992) Housing Needs Survey Centre;London Research (1997) Atmospheric Emissions Survey London of Camden;London Borough Plan 1999-2000 Camden Road Safety of Camden;London Borough with Disabilities of People Camden Survey Sicknesses (1988) and Chronic of Camden;London Borough Programme Housing Strategy and Investment 1999-2000 of Camden;London Borough Camden Recycling Plan 1999-2005 (1999) of Camden;London Borough a Sustainable Camden (1999) Action for Plan 2000/2001 (2000) of Camden;London Borough Transport Interim of Camden;London Borough Our Camden. Our Future. A Draft StrategyCommunity Camden (2000) for London Canals Committee; Canalside Development: for Standards Guidelines (1993) Control Development SportLondon Council for and Recreation;A Prospect:A Capital Strategy London Sportfor (1987) Advisory Committee;London Planning Study Central London Capacity (1993) Centre;TheLondon Research (1987) London Housing Survey Davies/LPAC;Llewellyn Open Space Planning in London (1992). Censuses and Surveys;Office of Population 1991 Census of Population Population Censuses and Surveys;Office of Population Year 1993 Mid Estimates London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND INDICES GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND Opinion Research Corporation International (for London Borough of Camden); Housing Needs Study 1999
World Health Organisation; Health for All by the Year 2000 (1985)
World Health Organisation; Promoting Health in the Urban Context, Healthy City Paper No1 (1988)
488 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan GLOSSARY,REFERENCES AND INDICES 489 Chapter 4:Chapter Environment EN1 EN2 and improvement protection General environmental EN3 sites of neglected and overgrown Improvement EN4 improvement Area EN5 public spaces and attractive safe Providing EN6 69 Noise and vibration EN7 plant and machinery Disturbance from EN8 Noise and disturbance during construction activity 69 land EN9 Air quality land EN10 Contaminated quality Water EN11 Unstable EN12 70 71 EN13 Use of resources EN14 development Design of new layout EN15 Landscaping 71 development Setting of new EN16 Site EN17 70 EN18 in shopping centres of development External appearance EN19 Design of infill developments 70 EN20 occupiers and neighbours Amenity for 77 73 EN21 safety Community EN22 buildings Alterations to existing EN23 buildings Extensions to existing 73 EN24 amenity Reduction of garden 75 72 parking 72 EN25 Roof alterations and extensions 75 areas EN26 Forecourt walls Railings and garden 74 EN27 Basement 78 EN28 Shopfronts 76 77 78 80 80 79 81 81 82 82 83 83 Chapter 3:Chapter Resources,monitoring implementation and all RE1 for RE2 and regeneration quality Environmental RE3 Access environment Residential amenity and RE4 obligations RE5 Location of development RE6 Planning use development Mixed 55 56 56 60 57 58 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development Index of Part 2 policies of Part Index GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND INDICES GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND EN29 Shopfront signs and blinds 84 EN30 Advertisements 84 EN31 Character and appearance of conservation areas 86 EN32 Demolition of unlisted buildings in conservation areas 87 EN33 Restoration and maintenance of buildings in conservation areas 88 EN34 Shopfronts in conservation areas 88 EN35 Trees in conservation areas 89 EN36 Structures of interest in conservation areas 89 EN37 Proposals outside conservation areas 90 EN38 Preservation of listed buildings 90 EN39 Use of listed buildings 91 EN40 Restoration of listed buildings 91 EN41 Preservation of archaeological heritage 92 EN42 Retaining archaeological sites and their setting 92 EN43 Strategic views 93 EN44 Viewing corridor 93 EN45 Wider setting of strategic views 93 EN46 Metropolitan Open Land 94 EN47 Green Chains, Green Corridors and Metropolitan Walks 95 EN48 Public and private open space 95 EN49 Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest and London Squares 96 EN50 Other green open land 96 EN51 Playing fields and open sports and recreational facilities 96 EN52 Development bordering designated open space 97 EN53 Provision of public open space in new development 97 EN54 Vacant and derelict land 98 EN55 Sites of Special Scientific Importance and Local Nature Reserves 99 EN56 Sites of nature conservation importance 99 EN57 New sites of nature conservation importance 99 EN58 Sites outside the Borough 100 EN59 Impact of development 100 EN60 Management for nature conservation 101 EN61 Tree canopy and vegetation 101 EN62 Ancient woodlands 101 EN63 Urban forestry 102
Chapter 5:Transport
TR1 Public transport accessible development 164 TR2 Unsustainable development 166 TR3 Transport impact statement 166 TR4 Cumulative impact of proposals 167
490 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan GLOSSARY,REFERENCES AND INDICES 491 Chapter 6:Chapter Housing HG1 HG2 floorspace Loss of residential HG3 accommodation Unauthorised loss of residential HG4 accommodation to short-stay Conversion HG5 accommodation Loss of range of residential HG6 use development Mixed HG7 Supporting services and facilities 227 HG8 the quality of the housing stock Improving HG9 density accommodation amount of residential the Increasing housing HG10 Housing accommodation Change of use to residential 227 HG11 Affordable 228 HG12 227 230 and overlooking Visual privacy HG13 of amenity space Provision HG14 230 housing Mobility and wheelchair HG15 230 of a range of housing Provision HG16 229 development residential new Housing mix in schemes for HG17 229 of Houses in Multiple Occupation Protection HG18 conversions Mix of units in 238 231 233 235 239 236 235 237 240 TR5 TR6 Public transport TR7 Light rail TR8 Coaches and minicabs Taxis TR9 TR10 transport Community TR11 restraint Traffic TR12 parking controls On-street TR13 parking Private non-residential parking TR14 Re-use of existing car parks TR15 Contract parking Public off-street TR16 TR17 housing developments Car-free safety TR18 Residential parking standards TR19 Road conversions Parking at residential TR20 168 TR21 Pedestrians management Traffic 173 TR22 Cycling 174 175 178 179 TR23 172 TR24 of goods: Movement and amenity facilities 180 176 transport TR25 areas in residential of goods Movement 181 TR26 Air on waterways of goods Movement 182 180 182 182 194 184 194 186 194 190 192 197 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND INDICES GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND HG19 Mix of units in conversions 240 HG20 Mix of units in conversions: potential exceptions 241 HG21 Hostel accommodation 242 HG22 New hostel accommodation 242 HG23 Accommodation providing an element of care (Class C2) 243 HG24 Gypsies and other travellers 244
Chapter 7: Economic activities
EC1 Crèche and nursery facilities 254 EC2 Home working 254 EC3 Retention of employment uses 255 EC4 Areas with potential for business development 258 EC5 Accommodation for small firms 259 EC6 Range of business provision 260 EC7 Transhipment facilities (Class B2) 262 EC8 Aggregate facilities (Class B2) 262 EC9 Storage and distribution (Class B8) 263
Chapter 8: Shopping and local services
SH1 Consolidation and improvement of centres 271 SH2 Shopping environment and facilities 271 SH3 Location of new provision 272 SH4 Major Centres 273 SH5 Kilburn High Road Major Centre 274 SH6 District Centres 274 SH7 Primary Shopping Frontages in Major and District Centres 274 SH8 Secondary Shopping Frontages in Major and District Centres 275 SH9 Neighbourhood Centres 275 SH10 Shops lying outside designated centres 276 SH11 Visual appearance: window displays 277 SH12 Continuity of shopping and local service facilities 278 SH13 Car parking 278 SH14 Servicing 279 SH15 Markets 281 SH16 Markets 282 SH17 Car boot sales 282 SH18 Food and drink (Class A3) 283 SH19 Launderettes 284 SH20 Minicab/taxi offices 285 SH21 Motor vehicle showrooms 285
492 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan GLOSSARY,REFERENCES AND INDICES 493 Community Regeneration Community 321 Chapter 12:Chapter utilities and services Public PU1 PU2 General utilities policy PU3 Emergency services management Waste 340 341 342 Chapter 11:Tourism Chapter TM1 TM2 tourism development New TM3 uses Location of hotels and tourism-related infrastructure Tourism 332 331 333 Chapter 10:Chapter and culture Leisure LC1 LC2 provision existing Safeguarding LC3 provision Location of new LC4 access to facilities Public LC5 use of existing facilities Increased LC6 and cultural uses leisure Temporary LC7 provision Play LC8 Floodlighting provision Play LC9 LC10 of existing facilities Protection of Areas of cultural facilities in Development LC11 317 Art in the environment 318 319 319 319 321 321 320 320 322 Chapter 9:Chapter uses and community Social SC1 SC2 D1 uses of Class provision Retention and new SC3 uses social and community Location of SC4 care health Non-residential SC5 Libraries provision health care non-residential for Proposals SC6 SC7 Under-fives Religious meeting places 303 SC8 Education 304 305 304 307 306 306 308 SH22 sui generis uses and other centres Amusement 286 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND INDICES GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND PU4 Recycling facilities 343 PU5 Handling of waste 343 PU6 Hazardous installations and hazardous waste 344 PU7 Public conveniences 344 PU8 Telecommunications 345
Chapter 13: King’s Cross Opportunity Area
KC1 Design 352 KC2 Conservation and open space 353 KC3 Public transport 354 KC4 Minimise traffic generation 354 KC5 Safe and accessible transport environment 354 KC6 Pedestrians, cyclists and people with disabilities 354 KC7 Housing 355 KC8 Economic activities 356 KC9 Leisure, social and community provision 356
Chapter 14: Central London Area
CL1 Small office premises 365 CL2 Light industrial activities 365 CL3 Assessment of applications in the Central London Area 366 CL4 Expansion of the University of London 399 CL5 Public access to University facilities 400
Chapter 15: Special Policy Areas
RC1 Visual character 409 RC2 Scale 409 RC3 Views and skyline 409 RC4 Traditional uses and buildings 410 RC5 Historic features and structures 410 RC6 Recreation 410 RC7 Access 411 RC8 Green chain 411 RC9 Information and facilities 411 RC10 Waterspace 412 RC11 Moorings 412 RC12 Transport 412
494 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan GLOSSARY,REFERENCES AND INDICES 495 Chapter 17:Chapter schedules Proposals LU1 Land use proposals 452 Chapter 16:Chapter standards Development DS1 DS2 General policy DS3 Residential density standard DS4 standard areas of play Provision DS5 accessible open space standard Publicly DS6 standards Visual privacy and overlooking DS7 Noise and vibration standards DS8 Cycling standards DS9 Car parking, servicing, taxi, coach and cycle parking standards DS10 Servicing standards 436 Cycle parking standards 428 430 427 425 425 430 434 440 439 HR1 HR2 Character and setting of the Heath HR3 of the Heath Surroundings HR4 to the Heath Approaches uses HR5 of and to the Heath Views HR6 Land the Heath from Views HR7 HR8 Density and site coverage CT1 Markets elevations Roofs and rear CT2 environment 413 CT3 Arts and entertainment uses CT4 Pedestrian Station Underground Town Camden 414 414 414 415 415 415 419 416 419 419 417 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND INDICES GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND General index
The references in this index refer to policies and paragraphs of chapters of the UDP. For example: “Affordable housing ch6 section 7, HG11, RE6” shows a reference to Affordable housing in chapter 4 section 6, Housing policy HG14 and Resources policy RE2. Policies and proposals are prefixed with the relevant initials for each chapter as follows:
2 Part I: Strategic statement Part I 3 Resources, implementation and monitoring RE 4 Environment EN 5 Transport TR 6 Housing HG 7 Economic activities EC 8 Shopping and local services SH 9 Social and community uses SC 10 Leisure and culture LC 11 Tourism TM 12 Public utilities and services PU 13 Kings Cross Opportunity Area KX 14 Central London Area CL 15 Special Policy Areas RC, HR, CT 16 Development standards DS 17 Proposals schedules LU
Access to employment EC1-2 Access for local people: leisure facilities LC3 Access for people with disabilities RE3 Access to public space EN53 Accessibility RE4,TM2, paras 2.64-2.65 Advertisements EN29-30 Affordable housing ch6 section 7, HG11, RE6 Aggregate and transhipment facilities EC7-8 Air quality EN8 Air transport TR26 Allotments EN50, Appendix EN3 Alterations to buildings EN21-30 Amenity EN1
496 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan GLOSSARY,REFERENCES AND INDICES 497 para 6.32 para 2.70-2.79 para 6.32 Appendix EN3 paras 2.80-2.82, para 9.21, LC10 para. 2.69, 4.69 Camden (Borough description)Camden (Borough CardCamden Leisure Car boot salesCar parkingCamden Town community in the Care AreaCentral London Character and quality ch2 section 6 ChildcareAct 1989 Children Classified roads para 10.13 CoachesAct 1990 Care Community SH17 facilitiesCommunity paras 9.12-9.13, safetyCommunity DS8, SH13 ch15 servicesCommunity ch14, StrategyCommunity transportCommunity EN31 and exhibition centresConference stationsCongested Underground Conservation areas 9.15 para paras 9.12-9.13, Conservation areas, outside EC1, SC7,ConservationTR6 of resources para 9.15 Appendix para 9.31 TR8, 11.23 para TM2, 11.7 EN20 ch9 TR3 Appendix para 2.52 TR9 EN37 EN12 EN31-37 Background consultation areasBackground Basement areas structureBorough Bulk and heightBuses 4.89 EN27 section 6 ch2 EN14, EN18, EN52 paras 5.37-5.40 Amusement centresAmusement Ancient monuments Ancient woodlandArea Priority Archaeological Regeneration Community for Areas of Special CharacterAreas Art in the environmentArticle 4 directions SH22 SRE3, Appendix EN2 EN41-42 EN62, ch15, LC11 4.74 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND INDICES GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND Construction EN7 Consultation para 3.30 Contaminated land EN10 Conversions see Residential conversions Council as Highway Authority para 3.22 Council as landowner and developer para 3.23 Council as a Planning Authority paras 3.18-3.21 Council owned shops para 8.44 Crèches SC7, EC1 Crime prevention para 2.51 Cultural facilities ch10 Cycling DS7, DS8,TR22 Cycle parking DS10
Daylight and sunlight EN19 Day nurseries SC7, EC1 Density see Housing density Derelict land EN54 Design SEN3, EN13, EN18 Development plane threshold height EN44 Disabilities see People with disabilities Distribution EC9 District shopping and service centres SH3, SH6, SH11, Appendix SH1 Doctors’ surgeries para 9.14
Education SC8 Emergency services PU2 Employment EC1-3 Energy EN12 Environment ch4, para 2.17-2.21 Environmental improvements SEN1, EN1-3 Environmental quality SEN1, EN1-12 Equality of opportunity SRE2, para 2.58 Extensions and alterations to buildings EN21-30
Financial resources paras 3.14-3.15 Floodlighting LC8 Food and drink uses SH18 Forecourt parking see Parking Freight transport TR23-25 Further education SC8
498 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan GLOSSARY,REFERENCES AND INDICES 499 2.68 obligations Map TR1 Map EN43-45, EN52 Kentish TownKentish Area Opportunity Cross King’s LandLandscapingLaunderettesLegal agreements ch13, paras 2.66 - EC4 EN15 see Planning SH19 para 3.12-3.13 Impact of developmentIndustry resourcesInformation EN59 para 3.16 EC3, 7-8 Hampstead and Highgate RidgeHampstead and Highgate waste and hazardous installations Hazardous Health care CitiesHealthy streets parked Heavily PU6 ch15 TR4, Appendix ch9, HG23, SC3-4 2.53-2.55 paras Garden walls and railings walls Garden premisesGeneral practitioners GLA roads chains and corridorsGreen travellersGypsies and other para 9.14 EN25 Height of buildings EN47 HG24 Higher education authorityHighway (description of):Highways see also RoadsTR7 Appendix AIDS (people with)HIV and Home workingHospitalsHostelsHotelsTR5 Appendix Houses in Multiple OccupationHousingHousing density EN14, EN18, Housing mixHousing need para 6.69 SC8 Housing range para 3.22 Housing - special needs HG17 EC2 HG23 HG21-22 TM2 HG10, DS2 ch6 ch6 section 10 HG16, 18,19 paras 6.24-6.25 HG15 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND INDICES GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND Leisure and cultural facilities ch10 Leisure facilities location LC2 Leisure use intensification LC4 Libraries SC5 Licensed premises SH18 Light rail TR6 Listed buildings EN38-40 Local Nature Reserve EN55 London Squares EN49 Loss of existing theatres LC9 Loss of leisure provision LC1 Loss of open space EN48 Loss of residential accommodation HG1
Major Centres SH3, SH4, SH11, Appendix SH1 Manufacturing see Industry Markets SH15-16, CT1 Metropolitan Open Land EN46, SEN5, Appendix EN3 Metropolitan Walks EN47 Minicabs SH20,TR7 Mixed use development RE5, HG5 Mobility and wheelchair housing HG14 Monitoring para 3.31-3.36 Motor showrooms SH21
Nature conservation EN55-60 Need for social and community facilities SC1, ch9 Neighbourhood Centres SH3, SH9,Appendix SH1,Appendix SH3 Noise and nuisance EN5-7, DS6 Nursery education SC7, para 9.15 Nursery facilities EC1
Office floorspace EC3, 7.13, 7.31, 7.34 Open space DS4, EN48-53, Appendix EN3 Overlooking DS5
Parking EN26, SH13, DS8, TR11-18 Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest EN49 Partnership para 3.25 Pedestrians (and pedestrian access) TR21
500 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan GLOSSARY,REFERENCES AND INDICES 501 para 10.30 HG19, HG20 disabilities paras 2.64-2.65, 5.15-5.17 Religious meeting places energyRenewable Residential amenityResidential conversionsResidential densityResidential space standards conservationResource Restaurants SC6 EN12 HG4, RE2 HG9,HG18, DS2 Housing density see EN12 SH18 Railways para 5.46-5.49 environmentQuality of physical para Railways RecreationRecyclingRegeneration CanalRegent’s SEN1, EN1 policies Leisure see RE1 PU4 ch15,TR25, People with disabilitiesPeople Art for Percent disabled peoplePhysically Planning advicePlanning authorityPlanning briefsPlanning goalsPlanning obligations standard areas Play provision facilities and Play fieldsPlaying RE3, HG7 transport) road (from Pollutants with see People PopulationPrimary health care 10.35 Primary Shopping FrontagesPrivate sectorPublic art 3.30 para 3.18-3.21 para Public conveniencesPublic spaces LU1 RE6 LC6-7 Public transport para 5.8 paras 2.57-2.58 DS3 Public transport accessibilityPublic transport accessibility, of high areas SH7,Appendix Accessibility SH2 Public Transport Index EN51 Public utilities and services see Health care para 2.26-2.32 RE4,TR1, paras 3.28-3.29 PU7 RE4 LC11 Appendix TR1 EN4 TR5 ch12 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND INDICES GLOSSARY, REFERENCES AND Restoration of buildings EN33, EN40 Retail Frontages EN17 Road hierarchy Map TR2, paras 5.100-5.103 Road safety TR19 Roofs EN24
Satellite dishes para 12.32 Secondary Shopping Frontages SH8,Appendix SH2 Security Shutters EN29 Servicing SH14, DS9 Sewerage para 12.4-12.6 Shop window displays SH11 Shopfronts EN28-29, 34 Shopping and shopping centres ch8 Signs EN29 Site proposal ch17 Sites of nature conservation importance EN56-57 Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) EN55 Sites for urban forestry Appendix EN3 Small firms EC5 Social and community facilities ch9 Space standards DS2 Special Policy Areas ch15 Statutory undertakers para 12.4 Storage and distribution EC9 Storm water EN9 Strategic policies Part I Strategic housing requirements SHG5 Strategic views EN43-45 Streetworks para 12.18 Structures of interest EN36 Sustainable development SRE1, SEN2
Takeaways SH18 Taxis and minicabs SH20,TR8 Telecommunication PU8 Theatres LC9 Toilets PU7 Tourism ch11 Town centre management para 8.16 Townscape SEN4 Traffic management TR20 Traffic restraint TR10
502 London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan GLOSSARY,REFERENCES AND INDICES 503 Appendix EN3 WalkingWaste qualityWater Wheelchair and mobility housingWider setting consultation areasWildlife in CamdenWorking HG14 EN45 EN47 EN9 PU3-5 paras 2.34-2.40 EN55-60 Vacant landVacant ductsVentilation Vibration and skylines Views Visual privacy sectorVoluntary EN6, DS6 EN54 EN43-45 DS6 HG12, para 3.27 DS5 Under fives Under fives Underground Stations (congested)Underground Unstable land of LondonUniversity Urban forestryTR3 Appendix SC7 para 5.41-5.45 CL4-5 EN11 EN63, Transhipment facilitiesTranshipment TransportAssessment/Statement Impact Transport and land useTransport proposalsTransport Travellers and woodlandTrees roadsTrunk TR2 TR3,Appendix EC7 TR1-4 ch5 ch17 Utilities EN35, EN61-63 HG24 TR7 Appendix see Public utilities London Borough of Camden Unitary Development Plan of Camden UnitaryLondon Borough Development