Carnival 2012, Vol
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Carnival 2012, vol. 14 ISSN 1457-1226 Carnival Journal of the International Students of History Association Carnival – Journal of the International Students of History Association vol. XIV Colofon Editor-in-chief Dubravko Aladić, ISHA Osijek Assistant Editor Kristina Stojšić, ISHA Rijeka Publisher International Students of History Association Printing Studio HS Internet d.o.o. Kolodvorska 139 31 000 Osijek, Croatia Distribution ISHA Osijek Circulation 150 copies Carnival is a publication of the International Students of History Association (ISHA), an international, academic, non-profit, independent organization of students and graduates interested in history and related sciences. ISHA offers and co-ordinates various means of co-operation among students from different countries and backgrounds that are interested in historical science and related academic disciplines. For further information, please visit www.isha-international.org or contact the International Board at [email protected] 2 Carnival – Journal of the International Students of History Association vol. XIV International Board 2011-2012: Reviewers: Proofreaders: Stephanie Bakker, president Jasna Šimić Matea Laginja Jernej Kotar, vice-president Dubravka Boţić-Bogović Kristina Stojšić Sana Hellstedt, secretary Slađana Josipović-Batorek Ana Mateja Vuković Marjolein Vos, treasurer Axel Dossman ISHA Kent1 Giovanni D‘Alessio Darko Šarić Marija Sablić Disclaimer: Facts and opinions published in the papers express solely the opinions of the respective authors. Authors are responsible for their citing of sources and the accuracy of their references and bibliographies. ISHA cannot be held responsible for any omissions or possible violations of third parties‘ rights. Carnival XIV 2012 1 Special thanks go to ISHA Kent, generation 2013/14, for their hard work on final proofreading of this edition. Per their request, they are credited like this. 3 Carnival – Journal of the International Students of History Association vol. XIV Carnival – Journal of the International Students of History Association vol. XIV CONTENTS Editorial .................................................................................................................................. 5 A word from the president ...................................................... ................................................ 7 1. Dubravko Aladić - Roman -Sassanian Conflict in the third century . Campaign s of Shapur I and the Battle of E dessa............. ..................................... ........... ....................... 9 2. Pavao Nujić - Warrior society: The Aztecs .............. ............... ........................................ 24 3. Oleg Abramkin - National history represented in ideology. Social and political aspect (Study in 19th century historical calendars in the Russian Empire) ...... .................. ..... .... 47 4. Mišo Petrović - The outcast minority during the Tokugawa shogunate ..... ............... ..... 60 5. Philipp Reinhardt - The Lion Monument at Bad Kösen . Revanchist Creation of Meaning through Memorial to the Dead of Wars. ....................... ...................... ............... 76 6. Jakub Drábik - The Battle of Cable Street: myths, reality and the collective memory.. 100 7. Nariman Shelekpayev - Kazakhstan : pays « musulman » ? Identité religieuse ou identités religieuses?.......... ............................. .... ............ ................................................. 111 8. Pavlos Vasileaidis - The configuration of the Moldovan identity in the Cold War. Historiography and linguistics in the service of Soviet ambitions ................. .... ............. 137 9. D avid Orlović - "More than a cordial reception". Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie I‘s visit to Yugoslavia in 1954.......................................................................................... 152 10. Danica Ilić - Marginal groups through history: The hippie movement .................... ....... 168 11. Denisa Hilbertova - Propaganda Posters during the Cultural Revolution ................ ..... 182 12. Adriano Ivetić - The Cessation of „Croatian Silence― ............... ........... .......................... 211 13. Ţeljko Juriša - The impact on the development of hinterland Dalmatian coast - the economic aspect ................ ....... .............................4 ............................................................ 226 14. Alessia Iannascoli - Slavery in our times........................................................................ 239 Carnival – Journal of the International Students of History Association vol. XIV Editorial ‗‘We are what we repeatedly do, excellence then is not an act but a habit‘‘ (Aristotle) Dear reader, Taking this job as editor-in-chief of Carnival was relatively easy but the editing part which I did with my fellow colleague Kristina Stojšić was challenging but in the end I think that both of us can say that it was a remarkable experience that we will never forget. This volume, no. 14, is particularly special because it has something that the previous volumes of Carnival did not have and it represents how the future volumes should look, or to be more precise, how they should be edited. The most important thing a serious journal cannot be edited and published without is the reviewing and proofreading process all done of course by the people who are experts in that area. Our long term goal is to set up a valuable student journal of history that will be recognized and known throughout Europe and other parts of the world for its excellent articles, reviewers and proofreaders. We have formed new standards of writing for Carnival with the unique citation system and any student who wishes to write for Carnival toned only write by these rules. The range of topics in the articles is truly big and we have tried a different topic selection process by offering the interested students two topics from the seminars, and a free topic which resulted in quality articles. Students had the chance to write articles from their favourite areas of history that they prefer the most. Among other special characteristics of editing this volume of Carnival, I can say that we have one article which is very different from others, but in a positive way, and it is written in French, so this will be the first time that an article in the French language has been ppublished in this journal, which can only prove that this truly is an international journal. The future for this journal looks bright, the next editor-in-chief of Carnival has brought up some interesting ideas and I am sure that they will be realized in time. According to the quotation above, 5 Carnival – Journal of the International Students of History Association vol. XIV excellence is not coincidental, nor some imaginery esoteric thing, its very real and possible for everyone. We can truly say that starting from this volume we will have a better journal of history from year to year. To the future editors we wish good luck and don‘t give up on your dreams, because a person without dreams is like the night sky without stars. Yours sincerely, Dubravko Aladić Editor-in-chief, 2011-2012 6 Carnival – Journal of the International Students of History Association vol. XIV A word from the president Utrecht, The Netherlands Dear reader It is a pleasure to be able to write this ‗word from the president‘ for the 2012 edition of Carnival. As I am well aware of the hard work that is needed to produce this journal I want to start thanking everyone who was involved in completing the publication! We had many good times in 2011-2012, but also some disappointments. The disappointments mainly had to do with the bigger picture of economic difficulties not just in the history departments, or art faculties, or universities, or cities or countries, but just throughout Europe in general. There were some projects with our partners that did not get funding this year. Unfortunately also ISHA-events seem to suffer from the economic recession that hangs over Europe. It was more difficult in some cases to get funds for activities for enthusiastic history students from universities, cities and other institutions. This is, for example, why the summer seminar that was planned in Rome could not take place. It took a while before there was a replacement found for the summer. When we thought we could not find another venue, ISHA- Bucharest came to the rescue and was able to fill this gap with another wonderful seminar in Romania. There were also positive times, the ISHA year 2011-2012 started for example in beautiful Turku in the autumn, and 2012 was welcomed warmly in Belgrade. April brought us to Jena, Germany where the annual conference took place. This interdisciplinary meeting was also a great success as we talked about ‗Identities in transition‘. You will, of course, find some reflections on this in the 7 Carnival – Journal of the International Students of History Association vol. XIV published articles in this Carnival. As mentioned above the summer was spent again in Bucharest, so thanks to all the organizing sections! Next to the ‗normal‘ events, our section in Zagreb was able to welcome a group of students from the Balkan region for a regional seminar in October 2011. The main language for once was not English and as the only non-Balkan person, I definitely saw the positive points to start learning some of the languages of the region. At the conference in Jena there was also another language present, there was the possibility to present